Mounting bracket for at least one solar module, in particular pv module, and also solar installation having this mounting bracket
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2024718356
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-03-29
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing solar module stands with a south orientation are vulnerable to wind loads due to large openings between modules, requiring significant construction measures for stability and are difficult to assemble.
Incorporating an elongated wind deflector element made of a metal sheet with undercuts and a longitudinal bead, which is easily attachable to the holding elements via push-fit mechanisms, providing enhanced stability and simplifying assembly by accommodating dimensional tolerances and high wind loads.
The solution significantly enhances the stability of the solar module stand against wind loads while simplifying assembly and maintenance, ensuring a stable and durable structure.
Smart Images
Figure EP2024058796_03102024_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Mounting system for at least one solar module, in particular PV module, as well as solar system with this mounting system
[0002] The invention relates to a support for at least one solar module, in particular a PV module, with at least two rows, which are spaced apart and parallel to one another and each have at least one holding element made of a metal sheet for fastening the solar module, wherein the holding element has a base forming a support surface for the holding element, and two supports projecting from the base to different heights for a position of the solar module resting on the supports that is inclined towards the support surface.
[0003] In order to install solar modules in a so-called south-facing orientation in an inclined position, stands with holding elements arranged in rows are known, which support solar modules arranged one behind the other with the same inclination in the range of 6 to 45 degrees (EP3828479A1). For this purpose, the holding elements arranged next to one another each have a base, which forms the contact surface for the holding element, and two supports that protrude from the base to different heights. The disadvantage of such a stand with a south-facing orientation is that there is a comparatively large opening between two solar modules arranged one behind the other, which makes the stand susceptible to wind loads. Thus, considerable structural measures are necessary on the stand in order to hold the solar modules stable on the stand and the stand on a substructure.
[0004] For elevations consisting of a post and beam structure, it is known to close the openings in the support structure resulting from a south-facing orientation with a wind deflector plate as a wind deflector element (DE102010014859B4). The wind deflector plate is attached to the support structure with a bracket made of blind rivets, which disadvantageously requires considerable installation effort. The invention therefore sets itself the task of creating a support structure based on the prior art that is stable against wind loads and comparatively easy to install.
[0005] The invention solves the problem by the features of claim 1.
[0006] By having an elongated wind deflector element made of metal sheet with an upper and lower edge, which is arranged from the low support of the support element to the higher support of the support element and is attached to the rows via a bracket each, the installation can be made more stable against wind loads in a known manner. This addition of a wind deflector element is, among other things, particularly easy to install and maintain if each bracket has at least two holding receptacles, arranged one after the other at a distance along the length of the row in question and facing each other, each with an undercut, into which undercuts either the upper edge or the lower edge of the wind deflector element engages to hold the wind deflector element to the elevation.The wind deflector element therefore only needs to be inserted into the two retaining recesses on each row, which can be done by sliding, clicking, etc. Screw elements that have to pass through openings are therefore not required to attach the wind deflector element to the support structure – which is also advantageous because dimensional tolerances with such openings can lead to considerable installation effort. In contrast, the inventive bracket with undercuts is comparatively tolerant of dimensional tolerances and also ensures simple and quick installation. Furthermore, this inventive installation of the wind deflector element can absorb high wind loads – resulting in a support structure that is particularly stable against wind loads.Preferably, the wind deflector element is supported under bending stress on a row of support points or surfaces formed by the undercuts of the support mounts, as well as on at least one third support point or surface located between them. In this way, the installed wind deflector element can be braced to the support structure, making it possible to further increase its stability against wind loads.
[0007] The above is further improved, for example, by the wind deflector element being in contact with this row under bending stress via a fourth intermediate contact point or a fourth intermediate contact surface.
[0008] Preferably, the rows of facing retaining receptacles each have a curved outward profile along the row's length to accommodate the wind deflector elements. This can, for example, increase the bending stress on the wind deflector elements in a simple structural manner.
[0009] The wind deflector element preferably has a longitudinal bead to withstand increased bending stresses caused by wind loads. This longitudinal bead can be centrally located and / or open to further increase mechanical stability. For example, the longitudinal bead is a trapezoidal bead.
[0010] The upper and / or lower edges of the wind deflector element can be provided with a bevel to increase the mechanical stability of the wind deflector element in those sections where the wind deflector element engages the retaining recesses. This further increases the stability of the mounting structure against wind forces.
[0011] The mechanical stability of the wind deflector element can be further improved if the bevel and the longitudinal bead on the wind deflector element are oriented in opposite directions. The design can be further simplified if the undercut is formed by a tab bent to form its retaining receptacles. This tab can also be reproducibly inserted into the metal sheet of the retaining element or a connecting element made of a metal sheet.
[0012] Preferably, the wind deflector element is mounted in the bracket so that it can be moved longitudinally, which can make installation and replacement of the wind deflector element particularly easy. In particular, this also simplifies installation, as it is less dependent on dimensional tolerances and also less susceptible to installation errors in the alignment of the two rows.
[0013] Installation can be further facilitated, for example, if the upper edge and / or lower edge of the wind deflector element is / are straight, at least over the area of the retaining brackets, in particular over the entire length of the wind deflector element. This is even more so if this shape of the upper edge and / or lower edge of the wind deflector element is provided over the entire length of the wind deflector element.
[0014] Preferably, the opposing retaining receptacles are located on the retaining element. Preferably, the opposing retaining receptacles are formed from the metal sheet of the retaining element.
[0015] However, it is also conceivable for the opposing retaining receptacles to be arranged on a connecting element made of a metal sheet, which connects the connecting element to the retaining element. These opposing retaining receptacles are preferably formed from the metal sheet of the connecting element.
[0016] Preferably, the brackets are designed to accommodate two overlapping wind deflector elements, thus allowing for easy handling and dimensional tolerances during installation. This is particularly advantageous when the mounting system has at least three rows, and two overlapping wind deflector elements engage in at least two of the mutually facing retaining receptacles of the bracket of the second row, which is arranged between the first and second rows.
[0017] The brackets can be made more mechanically stable if each bracket has several pairs of two holding receptacles of the brackets that are directly opposite each other in the longitudinal direction.
[0018] The wind deflector element according to the invention is particularly suitable for a solar system with at least one solar module that is attached to the mounting.
[0019] The figures show, for example, the subject matter of the invention in more detail using an embodiment variant.
[0020] Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a solar system with a mounting, Fig. 2 is a side view of a row of the mountings according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2a, 2b are enlarged detailed views of Fig. 2,
[0021] Fig. 3 a side view of an assembly of two wind deflector elements on the mounting according to Fig. 1 and
[0022] Fig. 4 is a plan view of the wind deflector elements mounted according to Fig. 3.
[0023] For example, Fig. 1 shows a partially completed solar system 1 comprising a mounting 2 and several solar modules 3, namely PV modules. Three solar modules are already mounted on the mounting 2—shown partially torn off—and a fourth solar module, which is to be provided at the bottom left of the mounting 2, is not shown in dashed lines.
[0024] The illustrated elevation 2 has three rows 4a, 4b, 4c, which are arranged next to one another at a distance A and run parallel and are of identical design. For this purpose, the rows 4a, 4b, 4c each have, alternating in succession, holding elements 5 made of a metal sheet and connecting elements 6 made of a metal sheet. The connecting element 6 connects the holding elements 5 of a row 4a, 4b, 4c to one another - however, in an alternative and not shown embodiment, this does not have to be mandatory if the holding elements (not shown) also form the connecting element in their design. It is therefore also conceivable for the rows 4a, 4b, 4c to each be formed by at least one holding element 5, which is not shown. The rows 4a, 4b, 4c can also each have at least one holding element 5 and at least one connecting element 6. This creates two continuous rows 4a, 4b, 4c on the mounting for fastening the solar modules 3.The retaining elements 5, arranged side by side in rows, each have a base 7 for a contact surface 9a of the retaining element 5 on the substrate 9, and two supports 8a, 8b projecting from the base 7 at different heights, with the second support 8b projecting higher than the first support 8a. For this purpose, the retaining elements 5 of the respective rows 4a, 4b, 4c are aligned with one another without any offset and thus lie directly next to one another at a distance A.
[0025] This results in the solar element 3 resting on the support surface 9a being inclined.
[0026] As can be seen in Fig. 1 at the upper edge of the solar modules 3, there are openings in the mounting 2 through which wind can adversely enter below the solar modules 3.
[0027] According to the invention, these openings are reduced in size and thus closed by an elongated wind deflector element 10a, 10b made of a metal sheet. The wind deflector elements 10a, 10b are arranged from the lower first supports 8a of the retaining elements 5 - in the longitudinal extension (L) of the row - after the higher second supports 8b of the retaining elements 5 and are attached to the rows 4a, 4b and 4b, 4c respectively via a respective bracket 11a, 11b, 11c.
[0028] These first, second, and third holders 11a, 11b, 11c are constructed identically. Thus, each of these holders 11a, 11b, 11c has at least two holding receptacles 12a, 12b, each with an undercut 13a, 13b. These holding receptacles 12a, 12b are arranged one after the other at a distance AL in the longitudinal extension L of the respective row 4a, 4b, 4c and face one another - as can be seen in Figures 2, 2a, and 2b. These two holding receptacles 12a, 12b thus each form a pair 12 on the respective holders 11a, 11b, 11c, wherein the two holding receptacles 12a, 12b of each pair 12 are preferably located directly opposite one another.
[0029] The upper edge 14 or the lower edge 15 of the wind deflector elements 10a, 10b engage in the undercuts 13a, 13b on each row 4a, 4b, 4c, securing them to the support structure 2. This makes the wind deflector elements 10a, 10b comparatively easy to install, but also securely attached to the support structure 2, allowing them to withstand high wind forces.
[0030] However, the wind deflector elements 10a, 10b not only rest on the undercuts 13a, 13b on the connecting elements 6 and thus have a first and second bearing surface A1, A2. The wind deflector elements 10a, 10b also rest on the respective row 4a, 4b, 4c with two further bearing surfaces A3, A4. These third and fourth bearing surfaces A3, A4 are arranged between the undercuts 13a, 13b - see Figures 2, 2a and 2b. This bearing occurs under bending stress of the wind deflector element 10a, 10b, which thus holds it extremely firmly to the support structure 2 - as can be seen in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 shows that the upper edge 14 of the wind deflector element 10b has not yet been bent into the holding receptacles 12a. This bending of the wind deflector elements 10a, 10b, required for inward bending, clamps them in the retaining receptacles 12a, 12b. For example, both wind deflector elements 10a, 10b are shown in Fig. 3.It goes without saying that this distortion also occurs when the brackets 11a, 11b, 11c only hold a single wind deflector element 10a. This arrangement under bending stress also guarantees freedom from play, which can, among other things, prevent unwanted noise development under wind load.
[0031] In addition, as can be seen in Fig. 3, for example, the connecting elements 6 or the rows 4a, 4b, 4c each have, between the mutually facing holding receptacles 12a, 12b, a profile 19 which is bulged outwards in the longitudinal extension L of the row for the abutment of the wind deflector elements 10a, 10b, which further improves the hold of the wind deflector elements 10a, 10b on the support structure 2.
[0032] The bending stress is adjusted via an open and centrally running longitudinal bead 16, namely a trapezoidal bead, on the respective wind deflector element 10a, 10b.
[0033] This is further contributed to by the fact that the upper edge 14 and the lower edge 15 are formed by a bevel 17 on the wind deflector element 10a, 10b, wherein the bevels 17 and the longitudinal bead 16 on the wind deflector element 10a, 10b are oriented in opposite directions.
[0034] In a simple design, the undercuts 13a, 13b are each formed by a tab 18a, 18b bent toward their respective retaining receptacles 12a, 12b. These tabs 18a, 18b are formed into the metal sheet of the connecting elements 6 using a sheet metal forming process and are therefore inexpensive and durable to manufacture.
[0035] As can be seen in Figures 1 to 4, the wind deflector elements 10a, 10b are mounted in the brackets 11a, 11b, 11c so that they can be moved in their longitudinal direction WL. This creates a type of linear bearing, which allows the position of the wind deflector elements 10a, 10b to be easily adjusted. Furthermore, the upper edge 14 and the lower edge 15 of each wind deflector element 10a, 10b are straight along the entire length of the wind deflector element, which further simplifies installation.
[0036] This linear bearing is also secured against tilting by providing two pairs 12 of retaining receptacles 12a, 12b on each bracket 11a, 11b, 11c - as shown in Fig. 4.
[0037] In Figures 3 and 4, it can also be seen that the two wind deflector elements 10a, 10b overlap in the second bracket 11b - which reliably protects the elevation 2 against wind loads. This can be seen in Fig. 4 in that in the left pair 12 of the two mutually facing holding receptacles 12a, 12b, the first and second wind deflector elements 10a, 10b engage in the corresponding undercuts 13a, 13b. As shown in Fig. 3, both wind deflector elements 10a, 10b thus rest there under bending stress - which holds them securely to the elevation 2. This construction can also allow the use of wind deflector elements 10a, 10b of different lengths or compensate for installation inaccuracies, for example, in the distance A between rows 4a, 4b, 4c, in a handling-friendly manner.
[0038] In general, it is noted that "in particular" can be translated into English as "more particularly." A feature preceded by "in particular" is to be considered an optional feature that can be omitted and thus does not constitute a limitation, for example, of the claims. The same applies to "vorzugsweise," translated into English as "preferably."
Claims
P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e: 1 . Mounting system for at least one solar module (3), in particular a PV module, with at least two rows (4a, 4b, 4c) running next to one another at a distance (A) and parallel to one another, each row having at least one holding element (5) made of a metal sheet for fastening the solar module (3), wherein the holding element (5) has a base (7) forming a support surface (9a) for the holding element (5), and two supports (8a, 8b) projecting from the base (7) to different heights for a position of the solar module (3) resting on the supports (8a, 8b) inclined towards the support surface (9a), characterized in that the mounting system (2) has an elongated wind deflector element (10a, 10b) made of a metal sheet, which has an upper and lower edge (14, 15) and which is arranged from the lower support surface (8a) of the holding element (5) towards the higher support surface (8b) of the Holding element (5) and on the rows (4a, 4b, 4c) via a holder (11 a, 11 b,11 c), wherein each holder (11 a, 11 b, 11 c) has at least two holding receptacles (12a, 12b) arranged one after the other at a distance (AL) in the row longitudinal extension (L) of the respective row (4a, 4b, 4c) and facing one another, each with an undercut (13a, 13b), into which undercuts (13a, 13b) either the upper edge (14) or the lower edge (15) of the wind deflector element (10a, 10b) engages in order to hold the wind deflector element (10a, 10b) on the support (2).
2. Mounting according to claim 1, characterized in that the wind deflector element (10a, 10b) bears against a row (4a, 4b, 4c) by means of contact points or surfaces (A1, A2) formed by the undercuts (13a, 13b) of the holding receptacles (12a, 12b) and by means of at least one third contact point or surface (A3) located therebetween, under bending stress.
3. Mounting according to claim 2, characterized in that the wind deflector element (10a, 10b) bears against this row (4a, 4b, 4c) under bending stress via a fourth intermediate contact point (A4) or a fourth intermediate contact surface (A4).
4. Mounting system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rows (4a, 4b, 4c) each have a holding receptacle (12a, 12b) facing one another, which extends outwards in the longitudinal extension (L) of the row, for the abutment of the wind deflection elements (10a, 10b).
5. Mounting according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wind deflector element (10a, 10b) has a longitudinal bead (16), in particular an open and / or centrally extending longitudinal bead, in particular a trapezoidal bead.
6. Mounting structure according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the upper edge (14) and / or the lower edge (15) is / are formed by a bevel (17) on the wind deflector element (10a, 10b).
7. Mounting according to claim 6, characterized in that the bevels (17) and the longitudinal bead (16) on the wind deflector element (10a, 10b) are oriented in opposite directions.
8. Elevation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the undercut (13a, 13b) is formed by a tab (18a, 18b) bent to its holding receptacles (12a, 12b).
9. Mounting system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the wind deflector element (10a, 10b) is mounted in the holder (11a, 11b, 11c) so as to be displaceable along its longitudinal direction (LW).
10. Mounting system according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper edge (14) and / or the lower edge (15) of the wind deflector element (10a, 10b) run / runs straight at least in the region of the holding receptacles (12a, 12b), in particular over the entire length of the wind deflector element (10a, 10b).
11. Mounting system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the mutually opposite holding receptacles (12a, 12b) are either on the Holding element (5) or on a connecting element (6) made of a metal sheet connected to the holding element (5), in particular are formed by these.
12. Mounting system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the holders (11 a, 11 b, 11 c) are designed to accommodate two overlapping wind deflector elements (10a, 10b).
13. Mounting system according to claim 12, characterized in that the mounting system has at least three rows (4a, 4b, 4c), and in that two overlapping wind deflector elements (10a, 10b) engage in at least two of the mutually facing holding receptacles (12a, 12b) of the holder (11b) of the second row (4b), which is arranged between the first and second row (4a, 4b).
14. Mounting system according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that each holder (11 a, 11 b, 11 c) has several pairs (12) of two holding receptacles (12a, 12b) of the holders (11 a, 11 b, 11 c) directly opposite one another in the longitudinal direction (L).
15. Solar system with at least one solar module (3) and with a mounting (2) according to one of claims 1 to 14, to which the solar module (3) is attached.