Magnetic separation device
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-11
Smart Images
Figure EP2024061777_07112024_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Magnetic separator
[0002] The invention relates to a magnetic separation device on a tubular line section and the use of such a magnetic separation device.
[0003] The magnetic separation device according to the invention is intended to be used to separate magnetic particles from a closed, continuously flowing fluid system.
[0004] Magnetic separation devices are known from the prior art and are used to remove magnetic particles from bulk material or a fluid. They have a magnetic component that is brought close to the bulk material or fluid or embedded in it. When the magnetic separation device is in operation, the bulk material or fluid is continuously conveyed past the magnetic component. Magnetic particles contained in the bulk material or fluid are attracted to the magnetic component and adhere to it. The bulk material or fluid continues to flow in a treated state. After a certain period of operation, the magnetic component is saturated with magnetic particles and must be cleaned. For this purpose, the separation operation must be interrupted.
[0005] EP2834011 B1, for example, discloses an embodiment of a magnetic separation device for a central heating system. The magnetic separation device is integrated into the piping system of the central heating system via an inlet and an outlet. It consists of a chamber system that is guided around a magnetic cylinder. Heating water is fed into the chambers via the inlet and flows past the magnetic cylinder. Magnetic particles that have passed into the heating water due to corrosion of metallic parts are separated on the chamber wall facing the magnetic cylinder. The treated heating water is fed back into the central heating system via the outlet. To clean the chambers, control valves upstream of the inlet and downstream of the outlet are closed and the chamber system is removed by opening a threaded collar.After cleaning, the chamber system is reinserted and the control valves are opened so that heating water is again directed through the chambers.
[0006] US4031011 A discloses, by way of example, a magnetic separation device in which the magnetic component is cleaned during operation. The device consists of a container into which liquid contaminated by magnetic particles enters and from which cleaned liquid exits. In the container, magnetic bars are combined to form a conveyor belt which is moved by a conveyor device through the liquid, over the liquid level and back again. Magnetic particles attach themselves to the magnetic bars and are transported to a cleaning device above the liquid level. This consists of movable scraper blades which run along the magnetic bars and remove the adhering magnetic particles.
[0007] Based on this, it is an object of the invention to propose a magnetic separation device which is particularly suitable for an improved continuous separation of magnetic particles from a closed fluid system during an ongoing process, wherein the magnetic separation components do not have to be cleaned.
[0008] To achieve this object, a magnetic separation device having the features of claim 1 is proposed. Preferred embodiments of the magnetic separation device and their configurations are set forth in the subclaims. The use of the magnetic separation device according to the invention is set forth in claims 14 and 15.
[0009] The magnetic separation device on a tubular line section comprises a branch from the line section into a separator line with a particle discharge, wherein the particle discharge continuously connects to the separator line, and at least one magnetic element with guide means for a movement starting from the branch on or along the separator line.
[0010] An essential feature of the magnetic separation device is the at least one magnetic element which is moved with the aid of guide means starting from the branch on or along the separator line. The magnetic separation device can be integrated into any process control in which a flowing fluid from which magnetic particles are to be separated is moved. During operation of the magnetic separation device, the fluid flows through the line section. The at least one magnetic element separates magnetic particles from the fluid. Any non-magnetic particles that may be present are not affected. Magnetic and non-magnetic particles are all particles with different magnetic properties, whereby the particles have different susceptibilities. The magnetic separation device therefore separates those particles from a fluid or a particle mixture which exceed a predetermined susceptibility.Particles whose magnetic susceptibility is so low that they are not influenced by the at least one magnetic element are not separated. The magnetic flux density of the at least one magnetic element causes the magnetic particles from the fluid flowing through the line section to be attracted to the magnetic element and moved via the branch from the line section into the separator line and from there into the particle discharge. The magnetic flux density of the at least one magnetic element is preferably so great that the magnetic force acting in the region of the line section between the at least one magnetic element and the magnetic particles is large enough to move the magnetic particles against an accelerated or a uniform linear movement in the direction of flow through the line section towards the at least one magnetic element.
[0011] Further essential features of the magnetic separation device are the branching off of the line section with the separator line and the continuously adjoining particle removal. The magnetic particles which are attracted by the at least one magnetic element are guided via the branching off into the separator line and can thus be spatially separated from the fluid flowing through the line section, thereby enabling the flowing fluid to be processed. After passing through the branching off and the separator line, the magnetic particles are guided by the at least one magnetic element into the particle removal. From there they can be removed from the process control system. The branching off with the separator line and the continuously adjoining particle removal are preferably designed in such a way that a return movement of the magnetic particles which were fed to the particle removal into the line section is prevented.Furthermore, the particle discharge is preferably designed such that it curves away from the magnetic means at the transition to the separator line. This directs the magnetic particles into an area where they are no longer influenced by the magnetic elements. The branch from the line section through which the flow passes, the separator line and the particle discharge are preferably filled with a fluid that serves as a carrier medium for the magnetic particles. Particularly preferably, the branch, the separator line and the particle discharge are filled with a stagnant fluid. Filling them with the stagnant fluid improves the mobility of the magnetic particles, which are attracted by the magnetic elements and directed through the branch and the separator line into the particle discharge.In particular, the fluid has chemical and physical properties that correspond to the fluid flowing through the tubular conduit.
[0012] Furthermore, the guide means of the magnetic element represent an essential feature of the invention. They move the at least one magnetic element on a path which follows the geometric configuration of the branch and the separator line and does not cross them. The particles to be separated from the flowing fluid are drawn to the at least one magnetic element and continuously fed via the branch and the separator line to the particle discharge. Ongoing process control does not have to be interrupted in order to remove deposits of magnetic particles and to clean the branch, the separator line and the particle discharge. In a preferred embodiment, the guide means move the at least one magnetic element preferably periodically on a fixed path starting from the branch along the separator line.The magnetic elements are moved clockwise or counterclockwise by the guide means, depending on the orientation of the line section and the branch leading from it, as well as the separator line. The guide means preferably comprise a drive motor, a shaft and a ball bearing, each with corresponding suspensions. The line section with the branch, the separator line and the particle discharge can preferably be produced by a die-casting process or a 3D printing process. However, other manufacturing processes are also conceivable and according to the invention. In a particular embodiment of the magnetic separation device, the line section and the separator line enclose an angle of < 90 ° starting from the branch from the line section.In a preferred embodiment of this type, the line section and the branch therefrom each have a line of symmetry that merges tangentially into one another at the cross-section of the line section where the branch into the separator line begins. A preferred embodiment of this type provides for a reinforcing rib to be inserted between the line section and the branch into the separator line, thereby increasing the fatigue strength of the magnetic separation device.
[0013] A further embodiment of the magnetic separation device provides that the line section has an inlet and an outlet opening which define a flow direction therein. These openings are designed such that they can be integrated into any process in which a flowing fluid is moved from which magnetic particles are to be separated. Preferably, the inlet and outlet openings can be coupled to the rest of the process via hose connections. In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the separator line, starting from the branch from the line section, is led away from the inlet opening of the line section. In a further embodiment of this embodiment, which is also according to the invention, the separator line, starting from the branch from the line section, is led away from the outlet opening of the line section.This ensures that a suitable, space-saving line routing for separating magnetic particles is possible in every process control setup. The guide means move the magnetic elements in a direction of rotation that directs the magnetic elements along the separator line, starting from the branch from the
[0014] piece of pipe, conducts .
[0015] In a further embodiment, the magnetic separation device is characterized by guide means consisting of a platform which is mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation and on which at least one magnetic element is attached. The at least one magnetic element is guided on a circular path around the axis of rotation. The rotary movement of the at least one magnetic element is preferably periodic, with a rotational speed in the range of 5 to 60 revolutions per minute. Furthermore, this embodiment is characterized in that the separator line, starting from the branch, has a curve away from the inlet opening or away from the outlet opening, and a course parallel to at least part of the circular path. The branch from the line section and the adjoining separator line curve away from the line section, following a circular arc.The circular path on which the at least one magnetic element is moved by the guide means has the same curvature as the branch away from the line section and the separator line. Starting from the branch, the at least one magnetic element is guided on a circular path parallel to the separator line and preferably runs directly along the wall of the branch and the separator line. The course of the branch from the line section and the separator line preferably follows a circular arc with a central angle between 0 ° and 90 °, parallel to the circular path on which the at least one magnetic element is guided around the axis of rotation.
[0016] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, at least four magnetic elements are arranged on the platform at the same distance from the axis of rotation and at the same angular distance of 90° from one another. The four magnetic elements are moved in a circular path such that they are guided along the wall of the line section, the branch, and the separator line.The angular separation of 90° ensures that when the platform rotates, the guide means always moves one of the four magnetic elements along the separator line, starting from the branch off the line section. For example, if the platform is aligned so that one of the four magnetic elements is at the branch off the line section, the magnetic element is moved by the rotation of the platform through an angle of 90° along the branch and the separator line and transfers magnetic particles from the fluid in the line section to the particle discharge system. As soon as the angle of 90° is exceeded, the magnetic element following on the circular path is guided to the branch off the line section and takes over the separation of the magnetic particles.This ensures that a magnetic element acts on the magnetic particles at all times during operation and that the separation process runs continuously.
[0017] A further embodiment of the magnetic separation device provides that the at least one magnetic element consists of at least two individual magnets arranged in a row, and that these are arranged such that similar poles face each other. Furthermore, the embodiment provides that the orientation of the at least two individual magnets is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotatably mounted platform.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment of this type of construction, a guide for the at least two individual magnets is provided in each of the at least one magnetic element. This guide is fixed to the rotatably mounted platform. The at least two individual magnets, which are lined up next to one another, are arranged in the guide such that like poles face one another. This creates a repulsive magnetic force between the two individual magnets. In the guide, the two individual magnets are prestressed towards one another by the repulsive magnetic force, forming a gap. The superposition of the magnetic flux densities of the two individual magnets reaches a maximum in the middle of this gap.
[0019] The guide is preferably designed as a hollow cylinder which can be filled with the individual magnets at one end in such a way that they can be fixed to one another with a preload. Furthermore, the hollow cylinder can be fixed to the platform at the other end using a fastening means. The fastening means is preferably designed as a screw which is screwed from the side of the platform facing away from the hollow cylinder through the platform into the end face of the hollow cylinder. For this purpose, the platform has holes at fixed angular intervals on the circular path along which the magnetic elements are to be fixed. Furthermore, the individual magnets are fixed to one another with a preload against the repulsive magnetic force, preferably by a screw cap integrated into the hollow cylinder. The hollow cylinder is preferably made of a non-magnetic material, such as aluminum.
[0020] In a further particular embodiment of this variant, the at least two individual magnets in each of the at least one magnetic element are guided in the respective guide in such a way that during the movement of the magnetic element along the branch and the separator line, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic element at the branch and the separator line is maximized. The at least two individual magnets are positioned in the respective guide in such a way that like poles of the at least two individual magnets face one another. Furthermore, the at least two individual magnets are positioned at a distance from one another in such a way that the superposition of the magnetic flux densities of the two individual elements has a maximum halfway between the two poles.The guidance of the at least two individual magnets on the rotatably mounted platform is adapted such that the position of the maximum of the magnetic flux density is at the point at which the at least one magnetic element is moved along the branch and the separator line. Preferably, the individual magnets have an identical magnetic flux density. Configurations are also possible which are characterized in that two of the at least two individual magnets in at least one of the magnetic elements are aligned opposite to at least two of the individual magnets in a further magnetic element.
[0021] One embodiment of the magnetic separation device provides that at least two individual magnets of a magnetic element are designed as bar magnets. This type of magnet has the advantage of a cylindrical geometry. Furthermore, the magnets can be easily fixed to the platform via a guide in a series, such that the axis of symmetry of the magnets is aligned parallel to the platform's axis of rotation.
[0022] In a further embodiment of the magnetic separation device, the cross sections of the branch and / or the line section and / or the separator line are rectangular and / or square. Other cross sections, in particular circular cross sections, are also according to the invention. Preferably, the cross sections of the line section, the branch and the separator line are uniformly square or uniformly rectangular. The advantage of this design of the cross section, for example compared to a circular cross section, is that the at least one magnetic element is not only moved on a line of contact along the branch and the separator line, but on a surface. This surface is defined by the path of movement of the magnetic element along the branch and the separator line, and the side length of the cross section along which the magnetic element is guided.The separation of the magnetic particles is thereby preferably more effective.
[0023] Preferably, in a further embodiment of the magnetic separation device, the line section is oriented vertically and the inlet opening is arranged above the outlet opening. This is advantageous in that the magnetic particles in the flowing fluid of the line section are moved parallel to the flow direction by the weight force acting on them. In a further preferred embodiment, the line section is oriented vertically and the outlet opening is arranged above the inlet opening.
[0024] In a further, special embodiment of the magnetic separation device, a venting unit is arranged at the continuous connection of the separator line to the particle discharge or at the particle discharge. This embodiment provides that the venting unit consists of a venting valve, which is preferably arranged above a collecting volume. Gas bubbles that pass from the flowing fluid in the line section into the stagnant fluid in the separator line can be removed from the overall system via the venting unit.
[0025] The scope of the invention also covers a combination of the aforementioned embodiments and configurations. One feature of such a combination is the fixed arrangement of line sections which comprise a branch into a separator line and a subsequent particle discharge. This includes, for example, the series or parallel connection of several individual line sections of the aforementioned, which comprise a branch into a separator line and a subsequent particle discharge. The aforementioned line sections are arranged in a fixed position relative to at least one common magnetic element with guide means for movement of the magnetic element starting from the branches on or along the separator lines.
[0026] The use of the magnetic separation device according to the invention is set out in the use claims 14 and 15.
[0027] According to claim 14, the proposed magnetic separation device is used as a separator for separating magnetic particles from a flowing fluid. The magnetic particles to be separated have passed into the fluid, for example, due to mechanical abrasion or corrosion during the process. However, the magnetic separation device can also be used to separate magnetic particles that have passed into the fluid through other mechanisms. The magnetic separation device is used to separate the magnetic particles during ongoing process operation or to filter them out of the fluid. In addition, the magnetic separation device can be used to separate magnetic particles from a fluid that also contains non-magnetic particles.
[0028] Furthermore, the invention according to claim 15 comprises the use of the magnetic separation device as a component of a separation system for separating particles that are present in a suspension. In particular, the invention according to claim 15 is preferably suitable for use in a separation system as shown in DE 10 2018 110 204 A1. In this separation system, magnetic and non-magnetic particles are circulated in a suspension. This suspension is an abrasive-steel particle mixture that is created during reactor dismantling. Here, with the help of a water-abrasive suspension cutting process, the
[0029] The reactor pressure vessel and its internals were dismantled. The radioactive steel particles generated during the cutting process mix with the abrasive. The steel particles exhibit different magnetic permeabilities, depending on the composition of the steel. The separation system removes radioactive and activated magnetic steel particles from the suspension, making a significant portion of the abrasive reusable.
[0030] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 1 to 5 and the exemplary embodiments. All features shown and their combinations are not limited to these exemplary embodiments. Rather, they should be considered representative of other possible embodiments that are not explicitly shown as exemplary embodiments.
[0031] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the magnetic separation device with four magnetic elements arranged on a rotatably mounted platform,
[0032] Fig. 2 a to c schematic side views of the magnetic separation device with four magnetic elements arranged on a rotatably mounted platform,
[0033] Fig. 3 a shows a cross-section through the rotatably mounted platform and a magnetic element anchored thereon with four individual magnets, which is moved by the guide means along the separator line starting from the branch,
[0034] Fig. 3 b is a schematic representation of the superposition of the magnetic flux densities of the four individual magnets as a function of the position on the magnetic element, Fig. 4 a to d schematically show the step-by-step separation of magnetic particles from a fluid,
[0035] Fig. 5 a and b, schematically show the difference between a separation of magnetic particles from a flowing fluid and the separation of magnetic and non-magnetic particles in a flowing fluid,
[0036] Fig. 6 a schematically shows a combination of the magnetic separating device according to the invention,
[0037] Fig. 6 b shows a cross-section through the rotatably mounted platform and a magnetic element anchored thereon with four individual magnets, which is moved by the guide means starting from the respective branch along the respective separator line of the combination shown in Fig. 6 a,
[0038] Fig . 7 a and b a schematic view of the magnetic separation device with a venting unit on the separator line and the particle discharge .
[0039] The basic structure and mode of operation of the device according to the invention will first be shown in Fig. 1.
[0040] The magnetic separation device 1 comprises a branch 3 from a tubular line section 2 into a separator line 4. The branch 3 from the line section 2 and the separator line 4 follow a circular arc in the illustration shown. The separator line 4 continuously connects to a particle discharge 5. A flowing fluid 19, from which magnetic particles 18 are to be separated, is led into the tubular line section 2 via an inlet opening 8. After flowing through the line section 2 and the separation of the magnetic particles 18, this fluid 19 is fed to the further process via an outlet opening 9. In the illustration shown, the inlet opening 8 is arranged vertically above the outlet opening 9. Furthermore, the magnetic separation device 1 comprises magnetic elements 6, which are moved via guide means 7 starting from the branch 3 on or along the separator line 4.The guide means 7 shown in the figure comprise a suspension 21 with a drive motor 29, a shaft 30 and a ball bearing 31, as well as a rotatably mounted platform 12, on which four magnetic elements 6 in the form of hollow cylinders 22 are mounted. The hollow cylinders 22 are mounted on a circular path around the axis of rotation 11 of the platform 12. The radius of this circular path is designed such that when the platform 12 rotates, the hollow cylinders 22 run along the branch 3 and the separator line 4. In the illustration shown, this specifies a direction of rotation which corresponds to a clockwise rotation. The four magnetic elements 6 are guided along the branch 3 from the direction of the outlet opening 9. They act on the magnetic particles 18 in the flowing fluid 19 in the line section 2 and guide them via the branch 3 and the separator line 4 into the particle discharge 5 .The branch 3, the separator line 4, and the particle discharge 5 contain a stagnant fluid 24. At the connection point to the separator line 4, the particle discharge 5 initially curves away from the magnetic elements 6 and then slopes downward. By curving away from the magnetic elements 6, the magnetic particles 18 escape the sphere of influence of the magnetic elements 6.
[0041] Fig. 2 a to c show a schematic side view of the magnetic separation device with four magnetic elements 6 arranged on a rotatably mounted platform 12.
[0042] Fig. 2a shows the corresponding side view to Fig. 1. The flowing fluid 19, from which magnetic particles 18 are to be separated, is guided into the tubular line section 2 via an inlet opening 8. The branch 3 and the separator line 4 follow a circular arc-shaped course and curve away from the inlet opening 8 into the line section 2. The segment formed by the branch 3 and the separator line 4 has a circular arc-shaped course. The inlet opening 8 is arranged vertically above the outlet opening 9. Four magnetic elements 6 in the form of hollow cylinders 22 with a radius r zare fixed on a rotatably mounted platform 12. The hollow cylinders 22 are moved clockwise by the guide means 7. The centers of the hollow cylinders 22 lie on a circular path 23 around the axis of rotation 11 of the platform 12 with a radius ro at a fixed angular distance of 90° to each other. The axis of rotation 11 of the platform 12 is aligned perpendicularly to the line section 2. The distance between the axis of rotation 11 and the line section 2 is ri = ro + r z. When the hollow cylinders 22 are moved by the guide means 7, they pass below the branch 3 and the separator line 4. At the highest point of the circular path 23, the separator line 4 ends and merges seamlessly into the particle discharge 5. This initially curves upwards away from the circular path 23 and then runs at an angle downwards. The particle discharge 5 is connected to other components of the system via a hose connection 26, shown here a Teflon hose. The hose connection 26 is connected to the particle discharge 5 in an area in which the rotary movement of the magnetic elements 6 is not hindered and, conversely, the rotary movement of the magnetic elements 6 does not damage the hose connection 26.
[0043] Fig. 2 b shows a further schematic side view of the magnetic separation device 1. The flowing fluid 19, from which magnetic particles 18 are to be separated, is guided into the tubular line section 2 via an inlet opening 8. This fluid 19 is, after flowing through the line section
[0044] 2 and the separation of the magnetic particles 18 via a
[0045] Outlet opening 9 for further process control. The inlet opening 8 is arranged vertically above the outlet opening 9. The branch 3 from the line section 2 and the separator line 4 have a circular arc-shaped course and curve continuously away from the outlet opening 9 from the line section 3. Four magnetic elements 6 in the form of hollow cylinders 22 are arranged on a circular path 23 around the axis of rotation 11 on a rotatably mounted platform 12. The hollow cylinders 22 are moved counterclockwise by guide means 7. When the hollow cylinders 22 are moved by the guide means 7, they sweep above the branch 3 and along the separator line 4. At the lowest point of the circular path 23, the separator line 4 ends and merges seamlessly into the particle discharge 5. This curves away from the circular path 23 and then runs inclined downwards.The particle discharge 5 is connected to other components of the system via a hose connection 26, shown here as a Teflon hose. The hose connection 26 is connected to the particle discharge 5 in an area where the rotational movement of the magnetic elements 6 is not impeded and, conversely, the rotational movement of the magnetic elements 6 does not damage the hose connection 26.
[0046] Fig. 2 c shows a further schematic side view of the magnetic separation device 1 according to the invention. As in Figs. 2 a and b, the line section 2 is arranged vertically, with the inlet opening 8 lying above the outlet opening 9. The branch 3 and the separator line 5 follow a circular arc-shaped course and curve constantly away from the inlet opening 8 into the line section 2. The separator line 4 merges seamlessly into the particle discharge 5 at the highest point of the circular path 23. This also follows a circular arc-shaped course. The particle discharge 5 then merges into a vertically downward extension. This prevents the hose connection 26, with which the particle discharge 5 is coupled to the rest of the system, from influencing the magnetic elements 6 in their rotation and, conversely, the magnetic elements 6 from damaging the hose connection 26.
[0047] Fig. 3a shows a schematic cross section through the platform 12 which is mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation 11 and on which a magnetic element 6 is fixed, as well as a cross section through the separator line 4 with a wall 25. The magnetic element 6 is guided along the outside of the wall 25 of the separator line 4. The magnetic element 6 is designed as a hollow cylinder 22. This contains four fitted bar magnets 15 which are aligned with one another such that like poles face one another. The hollow cylinder 22 is fixed to the platform 12 by means of a screw 16 and is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation 11 of the platform 12. The bar magnets 15 are prestressed in the hollow cylinder 22 with the aid of a screw cap 17. The four bar magnets 15 are precisely fitted into the hollow cylinder 22 with a prestressing effect resulting from the repulsive magnetic forces between the similar magnetic poles. In Fig.3b shows the superposition of the magnetic flux densities B of all four bar magnets 15 as a function of the position x in the hollow cylinder 22. As shown in the graphic, the superposition of the magnetic flux densities has a maximum at the points where the like poles of the bar magnets 15 are directed towards one another. The branch 3 from the line section 2 and the separator line 4 are positioned relative to the rotatably mounted platform 12 in such a way that the hollow cylinder 22, starting from the branch 3, is guided along the separator line 4 and touches it at a point xo which corresponds to the middle of the space between two bar magnets 15. This ensures that the magnetic force acting on the magnetic particles 18 is maximized.
[0048] Fig. 4 a to d show schematically the step-by-step separation of magnetic particles 18 from a flowing fluid 19. The branch 3 from the line section 2 and the separator line 4 follow a circular arc-shaped course in the embodiment shown. The separator line 4 continuously connects to a particle discharge 5. The branch 3, the separator line 4 and the particle discharge 5 are filled with a standing fluid 24. In the illustration shown, the inlet opening 8 is arranged vertically above the outlet opening 9. A flowing fluid 19, from which magnetic particles 18 are to be separated, is guided into the tubular line section 2 via the inlet opening 8. The magnetic elements 6 are guided clockwise along the branch 3 and the separator line 4 by the rotatably mounted platform 12. In Fig .Fig. 4 a shows magnetic particles 18 which enter the line section 2 in the flowing fluid 19 and are guided to the branch 3. There, a magnetic element 6 touches the branch 3. Fig. 4 b shows a schematic view of the magnetic particles 18 accumulating within the branch 3 in the separator line 4 at the level of the magnetic element 6. The rotation of the magnetic elements 6 transports the accumulated magnetic particles 18 further in the separator line 4, as shown in Fig. 4 c. The standing fluid 24 in the branch 3 and the separator line 4 acts as a carrier medium for the magnetic particles 18. Fig. 4 d shows how the magnetic element 6 transfers the magnetic particles 18 from the separator line 4 into the particle discharge 5. There, the accumulation of magnetic particles 18 dissolves because the magnetic force acting on the magnetic particles 18 decreases.The branch 3 and the separator line 4 have a circular arc-shaped course in the illustration shown. The separator line 4 then merges into the particle discharge 5. This deviates from the circular arc-shaped course and initially curves away from the magnetic elements 6. As a result, the magnetic force acting on the magnetic particles 18 decreases and the accumulation of particles dissolves in the particle discharge 5. The magnetic particles 18 fall into the particle discharge 5, which is inclined downwards in the illustration shown, and are separated from the flowing fluid 19 in the line section 2. After flowing through the line section 2 and the separation of the magnetic particles 18, the cleaned fluid 19 flows via an outlet opening 9 to the further process.
[0049] Fig. 5 a and b show two different possible uses of the magnetic separation device 1. In Fig. 5 a, the magnetic separation device 1 is used for filtration. Magnetic particles 18 which are located in a flowing fluid 19 which flows through the line section 2 are separated from the fluid 19 and guided via the branch 3 from the magnetic elements 6 into the separator line 4. Fig. 5 b shows the use of the magnetic separation device 1 as a separator. Here, magnetic particles 18 and non-magnetic particles 27 are dissolved in a flowing fluid 19 which serves as the carrier medium. As the particles flow through the line section 2, the magnetic elements 6 separate the magnetic particles 18 via the branch 3 into the separator line 4. The non-magnetic particles 27 remain in the fluid 19 and exit the line section 2 at the outlet opening 9.
[0050] Fig. 6a shows an exemplary embodiment according to the invention with a fixed arrangement of three combined line sections 2, each of which comprises a branch 3 into a separator line 4 and an adjoining particle discharge 5. The line sections 2 with the adjoining branches 3, separator lines 4 and particle discharges 5 are combined in a parallel circuit. This increases the effectiveness of the separation. Flowing fluid 19 enters the respective line section 2 at the inlet opening 8. The line sections 2 are arranged in a fixed position relative to four magnetic elements 6, which are arranged on a rotatably mounted platform 12, so that the four magnetic elements 6 are guided simultaneously along all three separator lines 4, starting from the branches 3 from the line sections 2.Due to the design, a reinforcing rib 28 is inserted between the respective line section 2 and the branch 3 in the separator line 4.
[0051] Fig. 6 b shows a schematic cross section through the platform 12 which is mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation 11 and on which a magnetic element 6 is fixed, as well as a cross section through the respective separator line of the fixed arrangement of three combined line sections shown in Fig. 6 a. The magnetic element 6 is guided along the outside of the wall 25 of the respective separator line 4. The magnetic element 6 is designed as a hollow cylinder 22. This contains four fitted bar magnets 15 which are aligned with one another such that like poles face one another. The hollow cylinder 22 is fixed to the platform 12 by means of a screw 16 and is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation 11 of the platform 12. The bar magnets 15 are prestressed in the hollow cylinder 22 with the aid of a screw cap 16.The four bar magnets 15 are precisely fitted into the hollow cylinder 22 with a mutual prestress resulting from the repulsive magnetic forces between the similar magnetic poles. The branch 3 from the line section 2 and the separator line 4 are positioned relative to the rotatably mounted platform 12 in such a way that the hollow cylinder 22, starting from the branch 3, is guided along the separator line 4 and touches it at a point which corresponds to the middle of the space between two bar magnets 15. Fig. 7a shows a schematic view of the magnetic separation device (1) with a venting unit (32) at the continuous connection of the separator line (4) to the particle discharge (5). The venting unit (32) is designed as a collecting volume (33) which has a vent valve (34) with which accumulated gas can be discharged.
[0052] Fig. 7 b shows a schematic view of the magnetic separation device (1) with a venting unit (32) at the continuous connection of the separator line (4) to the particle discharge (5). The venting unit (32) is designed as a vent valve (34) and is mounted directly on the continuous connection of the separator line (4) to the particle discharge (5).
[0053] List of reference symbols:
[0054] 1 magnetic separator
[0055] 2 pipe sections
[0056] 3 Junction
[0057] 4 Separator line
[0058] 5 Particle removal
[0059] 6 Magnetic element
[0060] 7 Management tools
[0061] 8 Inlet opening
[0062] 9 Outlet opening
[0063] 10 Flow direction
[0064] 11 axis of rotation
[0065] 12 Platform
[0066] 13 individual magnets
[0067] 14 Guide
[0068] 15 bar magnet
[0069] 16 Screw
[0070] 17 screw cap
[0071] 18 Magnetic Particles
[0072] 19 Flowing fluid
[0073] 20 Suspension
[0074] 21 Suspension
[0075] 22 hollow cylinders
[0076] 23 circular orbit
[0077] 24 Standing Fluid
[0078] 25 wall
[0079] 26 Hose connection
[0080] 27 Non-magnetic particles
[0081] 28 Reinforcing rib
[0082] 29 Drive motor
[0083] 30 wave
[0084] 31 ball bearings
[0085] 32 Ventilation unit
[0086] 33 Collection volume 34 Vent valve
Claims
Patent claims:
1. Magnetic separation device (1) on a tubular line section (2), comprising a. a branch (3) from the line section (2) into a separator line (4) with a particle discharge (5), wherein the particle discharge (5) continuously connects to the separator line (4), and b. at least one magnetic element (6) with guide means (7) for movement of the magnetic element (6) starting from the branch (3) on or along the separator line (4).
2. Magnetic separator device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the line section (2) and the separator line (4) enclose an angle of < 90° starting from the branch (3) of the line section (2).
3. Magnetic separator (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the line piece (2) has an inlet opening (8) and an outlet opening (9) which define a flow direction (10) therein.
4. Magnetic separation device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a. the guide means (7) comprise a platform (12) which is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation (11) and has at least one magnetic element (6), wherein the at least one magnetic element (6) is guided on a circular path around the axis of rotation (11), b. the separator line (4), starting from the branch (3), has a curvature away from the inlet opening (8) or away from the outlet opening (9), and a course parallel to at least part of the circular path.
5. Magnetic separation device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that at least four magnetic elements (6) are arranged on the platform (12) at the same distance from the axis of rotation (11) and at the same angular distance from one another in the circumference.
6. Magnetic separation device (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a. the at least one magnetic element (6) has at least two individual magnets (13) arranged in a row, b. the at least two individual elements (13) of the at least one magnetic element (6) are arranged relative to one another such that similar poles face one another, c. the orientation of the at least two individual magnets (13) is parallel to the axis of rotation (11) of the rotatably mounted platform (12).
7. Magnetic separation device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that in each of the at least one magnetic element (6) a guide (14) for the at least two individual magnets (13) is provided, wherein the guide (14) is fixed to the rotatably mounted platform (12).
8. Magnetic separation device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least two individual magnets (13) in each of the at least one magnetic element (6) are guided in the respective guide (14) such that the magnetic flux density of the magnetic element (6) is maximized on the separator line (4) during the movement, starting from the branch (3) on or along the separator line (4).
9. Magnetic separation device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the individual magnets (13) have an identical magnetic flux density.
10. Magnetic separation device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that two of the at least two individual magnets (13) in at least one of the magnetic elements (6) are aligned opposite to at least two of the individual magnets (13) in a further magnetic element (6).
11. Magnetic separation device (1) according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the at least two individual magnets (13) of a magnetic element (6) are designed as bar magnets (15).
12. Magnetic separation device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cross section of the line section (2) and / or the branch (3) and / or the separator line (4) is rectangular and / or square.
13. Magnetic separator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line section (2) is aligned vertically and the inlet opening (8) is arranged above the outlet opening (9) or the outlet opening (9) is arranged above the inlet opening (8).
14. Magnetic separation device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separator line (4) has a venting unit (32) at the continuous connection to the particle discharge (5).
15. Use of a magnetic separation device (1) as a separator for separating magnetic particles (18) from a flowing fluid (19), characterized in that the magnetic separation device (1) has a Magnetic separation device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14.
16. Use of a magnetic separator (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the Magnetic separation device (1) forms a component of a separation system for separating magnetic particles (19) which are present in a suspension (20).