Crushing shell

Abstract

The invention relates to a crushing jacket (20) of a cone and / or gyratory crusher for mounting within a crusher upper part (30), wherein the crushing jacket (20) has a central longitudinal axis (M) extending in the longitudinal direction of the jacket, wherein the crushing jacket (20) has a material feed (24.1) on its upper side (O) and a material discharge area (24.2) on its opposite lower side (U), and wherein the crushing jacket (20) has a base part (21) with an outer clamping surface (28).To reduce the number of parts and the assembly effort, the invention provides that the base part (21) has a support section (25) with radially outwardly projecting fastening projections (26), wherein the fastening projections (26) are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the support section (25) by means of spacing areas, wherein at least one clearance is provided in each of the spacing areas, which allows passage in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (M) from the underside (U) towards the top (O) and wherein the radial extent of the clamping surface (28) outwards is at least partially greater than the radial extent of the fastening projections (26) outwards.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a crushing jacket of a cone and / or gyratory crusher for mounting within a crusher upper part, wherein the crushing jacket has a longitudinal central axis extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the crushing jacket has a material feed on its upper side and a material discharge area on its opposite lower side, and wherein the crushing jacket has a base part with an outer clamping surface.

[0002] Cone or gyratory crushers are used for crushing mineral materials. They feature a rotating and / or tumbling crushing element located within the crushing shell. The crushing element's outer surface faces an inner crushing surface of the crushing shell. During crushing, the mineral material fed into the crusher head is crushed between the surface of the cone and the surface of the crushing shell. The crushing shell is held to the crusher head at its outer clamping surface. If the crushing shell needs to be replaced, for example due to wear, it can be detached from the crusher head.

[0003] From EP 2 758 176, a crusher jacket is known which is connected to the crusher upper part via a clamping connection with a segmented clamping ring. This clamping connection is complex to assemble and involves a high number of parts.

[0004] From EP 3 317 018 B1, a crusher jacket is known that is inserted into a crusher head. The crusher jacket has radially outwardly projecting protrusions at its upper edge. These protrusions have screw receptacles through which fastening screws are passed and screwed into threaded receptacles in the crusher head. The threaded connection is susceptible to damage, so secure fastening of the crusher jacket cannot always be guaranteed.

[0005] The object of the invention is to create a crusher jacket or a crusher assembly with such a crusher jacket for a cone or gyratory crusher, which requires as few and as simple components as possible and which allows for easy assembly and disassembly while simultaneously allowing secure fastening.

[0006] The problem concerning the crushing jacket is solved by the fact that the base part has a support section with radially outwardly projecting fastening projections, wherein the fastening projections are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the support section by means of spacing areas, wherein at least one clearance is provided in each of the spacing areas, which allows passage in the direction of the central longitudinal axis from the underside towards the top side, and wherein the radial extent of the clamping surface outwards is at least partially greater than the radial extent of the fastening projections outwards.

[0007] The problem concerning the crusher assembly is solved by mounting the crusher jacket inside the crusher top, the crusher top having a bearing part which has a counter surface facing into the space surrounded by the crusher top, against which the crusher jacket rests with its clamping surface, the crusher top forming supports opposite the fastening elements and spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, with passages being formed in these space areas, and the fastening elements being clamped to the supports by means of the clamping elements.

[0008] To mount the crusher shell, the crusher head can be moved towards the crusher shell. The supports of the crusher head can then be guided through the openings in the crusher shell. The crusher head can then be rotated relative to the crusher shell until the supports are aligned with the mounting points of the crusher shell. Finally, the crusher shell can be clamped to the crusher head using suitable clamping elements, such that the clamping surface of the crusher shell is drawn against a corresponding surface of the crusher head. For disassembly, the clamping elements are released. The crusher head can then be rotated relative to the crusher shell around its central longitudinal axis until the supports are positioned within the opening between the mounting points. Finally, the crusher head can be easily lifted off the crusher shell.

[0009] This type of assembly / disassembly is advantageously simple and allows the use of simply designed clamping elements.

[0010] For load-optimized force transmission, it may be provided that the projection of the clamping surface in the direction of the central longitudinal axis into a plane extends beyond the projection of the fastening attachments in the direction of the central longitudinal axis into this plane, at least in some areas.

[0011] According to the invention, the base part can be provided with an inner crushing surface that at least partially circumferentially tapers from the underside to the top side in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. This design is particularly suitable for use in a cone crusher. For optimized crushing performance, it can also be provided that the crushing surface is extended towards the top side by means of a stepped transition.

[0012] If it is provided that the radial extent of the inner crushing surface to the outside is at least partially larger than the radial extent of the mounting points to the outside, and / or that the projection of the inner crushing surface in the direction of the central longitudinal axis into a plane exceeds the projection of the mounting points in the direction of the central longitudinal axis into this plane at least partially, then an optimized force transfer from the crushing mantle to the crusher top part results.

[0013] According to the invention, it can also be provided that at least one, preferably all, fastening elements have a clamping element receptacle in which a clamping element is held or which is configured to hold a clamping element, and that the clamping element receptacle has an opening for the passage of a clamping screw of the clamping element, wherein it is preferably provided that the opening is radially open outwards by means of a passage in order to move the clamping screw through the passage into or out of the opening. By means of the clamping screw, the fastening element can be clamped against the associated support of the crusher head. This then pulls the clamping surface of the crusher jacket against an opposing counter-surface of the crusher head. Thus, the crusher jacket is securely fixed to the crusher head.If the opening is open to the outside via a feedthrough, the clamping screw can simply be inserted laterally into the opening, which is also easily possible under difficult assembly conditions.

[0014] For ideal transmission of the clamping forces from the crusher top to the crusher shell, it can be provided that at least one of the fastening attachments forms a receptacle for a nut on its underside-facing side, the receptacle having a pressure surface directed downwards to support the nut.

[0015] To simplify assembly, an anti-rotation device may be provided in the mounting area, which secures the nut to the mounting in a circumferential direction. The clamping screw can then be tightened without the need for an additional tool to hold the nut.

[0016] It is also conceivable that the receptacle has a locking element that prevents radial movement of the nut held in the receptacle. Even when the clamping screw is loosened, it remains securely attached to the mounting point, as the nut prevents the clamping screw from shifting against the locking element. This ensures, in particular, that the clamping elements are not lost during assembly / disassembly, especially that they cannot fall into a hard-to-reach area of ​​the crusher when loosened.

[0017] According to the invention, it can be provided that the clamping element has a pressure piece, and that the pressure piece performs a translational movement or a combined translational and rotational movement when the clamping element is adjusted from a starting position to a clamping position.

[0018] If the pressure piece performs a combined rotary and translational movement, in the simplest case the clamping element can be a clamping screw whose free end forms the pressure piece.

[0019] A purely translational movement has the advantage that the pressure piece is not twisted relative to a support of the crusher top, thus minimizing the risk of damage to the surface on which the pressure piece rests.

[0020] According to one possible embodiment of the invention, the clamping element may comprise two spaced-apart pressure pieces connected to each other via a connecting section. This connecting section may have a screw receptacle aligned with a screw receptacle of the mounting bracket located between the pressure pieces. A screw element is guided through the aligned screw receptacles and screwed into the nut held below the mounting bracket. When the screw element is tightened, the mounting bracket is adjusted relative to the connecting section between the two pressure pieces. This allows the pressure pieces to be pressed against the corresponding supports of the crusher head and the crusher head to be adjusted relative to the crusher shell. The use of two pressure pieces reduces the surface pressure. The clamping element can be designed as a simple component.For example, the two pressure pieces with the connecting section can be manufactured as a U-shaped component, for example as a stamped and bent part, from a sheet metal blank.

[0021] Even if the nut is held in the area between the pressure pieces, it is secured here so that it cannot be rotated.

[0022] A crusher assembly according to the invention can be configured such that the crusher top has a circumferential inner wall which forms a filling opening, that the bearing part projects from the inner wall towards the crusher mantle, and that the support is arranged spaced apart from the inner wall within the crusher top.

[0023] One conceivable embodiment of the invention is such that a stop connection is effective between the crusher casing and the crusher head, preventing rotation of the crusher head relative to the crusher casing in the circumferential direction, at least in one direction, during assembly. This ensures a secure alignment of these components in the assembly position and thus eliminates the possibility of incorrect assembly. For example, a stop may be provided on one or more of the crusher casing's mounting points, which interacts with a corresponding stop on the crusher head.

[0024] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. The drawings show: Figure 1 A crushing unit of a cone crusher in side view and section, Figure 2 a component of the crushing unit according to Figure 1 View from above, Figure 3the assembly according to Figure 2 along the in Figure 2 with section line marked III-III, Figure 4 a detail of the assembly according to the Figures 2 and 3 , Figure 5 the detail according to Figure 4 along the in Figure 4 section line marked with VV, Figure 6 the detail according to Figure 4 in a perspective representation, Figure 7 a modification of the assembly according to the Figures 2-6 in a perspective detail view, Figure 8 the assembly according to Figure 7 in top view and Figure 9 a sectional view along the in Figure 8 section line marked VII-VII. Figure 10 an alternative design to the one in the Figures 1 to 6 shown design variant along the in Figure 11 section marked with XX and Figure 11 the assembly according to Figure 10 View from above.

[0025] Figure 1shows a crushing unit 10 as it is used according to the invention in a cone crusher or also in a gyratory crusher.

[0026] The crushing unit 10 has a housing 12 which accommodates a drive 11. The drive 11 powers a support unit 13 which holds a crushing cone 14. The crushing cone 14 is held interchangeably on the support unit 13 by a retaining device 15.

[0027] The crushing cone 14 is arranged such that it is guided on an orbital path within the crushing mantle 20 during operation. An outer crushing surface of the crushing cone and an inner crushing surface 22 of the crushing mantle 20 face each other, forming a crushing gap. Due to the movement of the crushing cone 14 on its orbital path, the crushing gap migrates circumferentially during the wobbling motion of the crushing cone 14.

[0028] The crushing jacket 20, together with a crusher top 30, forms an assembly that is mounted on top of the crushing unit 10. The crushing jacket 20 is firmly connected to the crusher top 30.

[0029] The crusher head 30 has an external thread 33 on its outer surface, which interacts with a crushing gap adjustment 40. Similar to a nut, the crushing gap adjustment 40 can be turned so that the crusher head 30 can be adjusted via the threaded connection. Figure 1 It can be adjusted vertically upwards or downwards. In this way, the distance between the crushing mantle 20 and the crushing cone 14, and thus the crushing gap, can be adjusted.

[0030] The Figures 2 and 3The drawings show the assembly consisting of the crushing mantle 20 and the crusher upper part 30. As these drawings show, the crushing mantle 20 has a base part 21 that forms the crushing surface 22. The crushing surface 22 tapers from bottom to top in the direction of the central longitudinal axis M of the assembly. Preferably, the crushing surface 22 can taper continuously or discontinuously. In the present embodiment, it is shown that a step can be present in the crushing surface 22, resulting in a discontinuity in the contour of the crushing surface 22 in cross-section, as shown. Figure 3 This shows. Furthermore, it is possible that a breaking surface extension 23 adjoins the breaking surface 22, which transitions into the breaking surface 22 via a step transition 23.1.

[0031] Figure 1shows that via the discontinuity, or step transition and / or the expansion of the breaking surface 23, a breaking gap is formed that widens upwards, which promotes the intake of the material to be broken into the breaking gap.

[0032] The Brechmantel 20 can, as Figure 3 The figure shows that it has a material feed 24.1 at its upper end (top side O). The material feed 24.1 may be formed by a cylindrical extension that can be integrally molded onto the base part 21.

[0033] At its lower end (underside U), the crushing jacket 20 forms a material discharge area 24.2. The material to be crushed can enter the crushing surface 22 via the material feed 24.1. The material to be crushed leaves the crushing unit 10 via the material discharge area 24.2.

[0034] Figure 3Figure 1 further illustrates that the base part 21, preferably in the area of ​​the material feed 24.1, has a support section 25. The support section 25 can form the upper edge of the crushing mantle 20. The support section 25 has several fastening elements 26. In the present embodiment, four fastening elements 26 are used. Preferably, the fastening elements 26 are arranged uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. Spaces are formed in the circumferential direction between the fastening elements 26, with passages 26.4 provided in these passages. The passages 26.4 allow access in the direction of the central longitudinal axis M.

[0035] Figure 2This illustrates that the fastening elements 26 can be penetrated by openings, for example screw receptacles. The screw receptacles are open radially outwards by means of feedthroughs 26.1, as is the case, for example, with the Figures 4 and 5 show.

[0036] The Figures 4-6 The figures further illustrate that a clamping element 27, which can be designed as a screw, projects through the opening of the fastening attachment 26. The opening 26.1 is dimensioned such that the shank of the screw can be guided laterally through the opening 26.1 and inserted into the opening.

[0037] A nut 27.3 is screwed onto the clamping element 27. The nut 27.3 is received in a receptacle on the underside of the mounting bracket 26 and bears against a pressure surface of the receptacle on its underside. The free end of the clamping element 26 forms a pressure piece 27.4.

[0038] In the area between the head of the clamping element 27 and the mounting lug 26, a locking element 27.2, for example in the form of a lock nut, can be screwed onto the clamping element 27. A washer 27.1 can be arranged between the locking element 27.2 and the mounting lug 26.

[0039] How Figure 3 As illustrated, the crusher top 30 has supports 35 that face the pressure pieces 27.4 of the clamping elements 27. The pressure pieces 27.4 rest on the upper surfaces of the supports 35.

[0040] The crusher top 30 has a circumferential inner wall 32 which surrounds a filling opening 31 in the area of ​​the top O. The material to be crushed can be fed into the crusher top 30 via the filling opening 31.

[0041] How Figure 3As illustrated, the inner wall 32 can have the external thread 33 for the crushing gap adjustment 40 on its outer surface, as mentioned above. The external thread 33 may have a sawtooth profile, with the sawtooth profile having surface sections extending radially to the central longitudinal axis. These surface sections serve to improve force transmission to correspondingly arranged surface sections of the crushing gap adjustment 40.

[0042] The inner wall 32 carries, preferably at its lower end region, a bearing element 34 which is formed around its entire circumference. The supports 35 are integrally formed onto the bearing element 34.

[0043] In the circumferential direction, the supports 35 are spaced apart from one another, forming axial passages 37. The dimensions of the passages 37 are designed such that the fastening elements 26 can pass axially through them. Furthermore, the passages 26.4 between the fastening elements 26 are dimensioned in the circumferential direction such that the supports 35 can pass axially through them.

[0044] Figure 3 further illustrates that the bearing part 34 has an inwardly directed, circumferential counter surface 36 which, in the assembled state of the crushing jacket 20, rests on an outer, preferably circumferential, clamping surface 28 of the crushing jacket 20.

[0045] The clamping surface 28 is preferably conically tapered, tapering from the underside U to the top O. The opposing surface 36 is correspondingly tapered. Preferably, it is as follows: Figure 3 shows that the projection of the clamping surface 28 into a plane protrudes radially outwards at least in some areas beyond the projection of the fastening elements 26 into this plane.

[0046] According to an advantageous embodiment, the pressure surfaces of the supports 35, on which the clamping elements 27 with their pressure pieces 27.4 rest, are arranged at least partially, but preferably completely, radially inward relative to the clamping surface 28. This allows Figure 3 This is clearly visible. This results in an optimized transfer of the clamping forces from the clamping elements 27 to the crusher top 30.

[0047] If the crusher jacket 20 needs to be replaced, for example because it has reached its wear limit, the assembly consisting of the crusher head 30 and the crusher jacket 20 is lifted off the crushing unit 10, for example using a lifting device. The assembly 10 can then be placed to the side next to the crushing unit. The clamping elements 27 are then easily accessible and can be released. This releases the clamping connection formed between the clamping surface 28 and the counter surface 36. The crusher head 30 can then be rotated circumferentially relative to the crusher jacket 20 until the supports 35 are opposite the openings 26.4 of the crusher jacket. In this state, the mounting lugs 26 are also opposite the openings 37. Now the crusher head 30 can be lifted in the direction of the central longitudinal axis M, with the mounting lugs 26 passing through the openings 37 and the supports 35 passing through the openings 26.4 are passed through. Now the crusher jacket 20 is separated from the crusher top 30. In reverse order, a new crusher jacket 20 can now be connected to the crusher top 30. Finally, the clamping elements 27 are tightened, with the pressure pieces 27.4 being clamped against the supports 35. This re-establishes the clamping connection between the clamping surface 28 of the crusher jacket 20 and the corresponding counter surface 36 of the crusher top 30. The assembly thus mounted can then be reinserted into the crushing unit 10.

[0048] To simplify disassembly, the clamping elements 27 can be assigned to the fastening elements 26 according to the Figures 4-6The design can be such that, as these illustrations show, anti-rotation devices 26.2 are provided in the area of ​​the fastening elements 26, which prevent the nut 27.3 from rotating in the circumferential direction. Preferably, the anti-rotation devices 26.2 are formed as projections integrally molded onto the fastening elements 26.

[0049] Additionally or alternatively, how Figure 5 Figure 26.3 shows that a blocking piece 26.3 is provided in the area where the fastening element 26 is received. The blocking piece 26.3 prevents the nut 27.3 from being offset in the radial direction, so that the clamping element 27 can only be pushed through the opening 26.1 when the nut 27.3 has been sufficiently loosened.

[0050] In the Figures 7-9 An alternative embodiment of a clamping element 27 is shown. Furthermore, the embodiment corresponds to the Figures 7-9 according to the exemplary embodiment Figures 1-6Therefore, to avoid repetition, reference can be made to the above statements.

[0051] As the drawings show, the clamping element 27 has two spaced-apart pressure pieces 27.4, which are integrally formed as legs on a connecting section 27.5. The connecting section 27.5 has a screw receptacle that is aligned with the screw receptacle of the fastening attachment 26. The two pressure pieces 27.4 engage the fastening attachment 26 on both sides in the circumferential direction. The connecting section 27.5 rests on the upper side of the fastening attachment 26.

[0052] The nut 27.3 is held below the mounting bracket 26. A screw element 27.6 is guided through the aligned screw receptacles of the connecting section 27.5 and the mounting bracket 26 and screwed into the nut 27.3. When the screw element 27.6 is tightened, the pressure pieces 27.4 are adjusted with their free ends relative to the mounting bracket 26, and thus relative to the support 35. In this way, the clamping surface 28 of the crusher jacket 20 is drawn against the opposing surface 36 of the crusher upper part 30.

[0053] In the Figures 10 and 11 is one of the Figures 1-6 An alternative design variant of a crusher assembly is shown. To avoid repetition, reference can be made to the above explanations regarding the Figures 1-6 Reference is made to the above, and only the differences will be discussed below.

[0054] As the Figures 10 and 11As shown, a stop connection is effective between the crusher shell 20 and the crusher head 30, which prevents the crusher head 30 from rotating circumferentially in one direction relative to the crusher shell 20 in the assembly position. In this way, a secure alignment of these components is guaranteed in the assembly position, thus preventing incorrect assembly. For example, a stop may be provided on one or more of the mounting points 26 of the crusher shell 20, which interacts with a counter-stop 38 on the crusher head 30.

Claims

1. Crushing shell (20) of a cone and / or gyratory crusher for mounting inside a crusher top (30), wherein the crushing shell (20) has a central longitudinal axis (M) extending in the longitudinal direction of the shell, wherein the crushing shell (20) has a material feed (24.1) on its upper side (O) and a material discharge area (24.2) on its opposite lower side (U), and wherein the crushing shell (20) has a base part (21) with an outer clamping surface (28), characterized by thatthe base part (21) has a support section (25) with radially outwardly projecting fastening projections (26), wherein the fastening projections (26) are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the support section (25) by means of spacing areas, wherein at least one clearance is provided in each of the spacing areas, which allows passage in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (M) from the underside (U) towards the top side (O) and wherein the radial extent of the clamping surface (28) outwards is at least partially greater than the radial extent of the fastening projections (26) outwards.

2. Breaking jacket (20) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that , the projection of the clamping surface (28) in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (M) into a plane exceeds the projection of the fastening attachments (26) in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (M) into this plane at least in some areas.

3. Breaking jacket (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact thatthe base part (21) has an internal fracture surface (22) that is at least partially circumferential and tapers at least partially in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (M) from the underside (U) to the top side (O).

4. Breaking jacket according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that a breaking surface extension (23) follows the breaking surface (22) in the direction towards the top (O) via a step transition (23.1).

5. Breaking jacket (20) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the fact that the radial extent of the inner breaking surface (22) to the outside is at least partially larger than the radial extent of the fastening projections (26) to the outside, and / or that the projection of the inner breaking surface (22) in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (M) into a plane exceeds the projection of the fastening projections (26) in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (M) into this plane at least partially.

6. Breaking jacket (20) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact thatat least one of the fastening elements (26) has a clamping element receptacle on which a clamping element (27) is held or which is prepared to hold a clamping element (27), and that the clamping element receptacle has an opening for the passage of a clamping screw of the clamping element (27), wherein it is preferably provided that the opening is radially outwards by means of a passage (26.1) in order to move the clamping screw through the passage (26.1) into or out of the opening.

7. Breaking jacket (20) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that at least one of the fastening elements (26) forms a receptacle for a nut (27.3) on its side facing the underside (U), wherein the receptacle has a pressure surface (26.4) facing the underside for supporting the nut (27.3).

8. Breaking jacket (20) according to claim 7, characterized by the fact thatIn the area of ​​the receptacle, an anti-rotation device (26.2) is provided which holds the nut in a circumferentially rotationally secure manner on the receptacle.

9. Breaking jacket according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized by the fact that the receptacle has a blocking element (26.3) which blocks a radial displacement of the nut (27.3) held in the receptacle.

10. Breaking jacket (20) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the clamping element (27) has a pressure piece (27.4), and the pressure piece (27.4) performs a translational movement or a combined translational and rotational movement when the clamping element (27) is moved from a starting position to a clamping position.

11. Breaking jacket (20) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by the fact thatthe clamping element (27) has two spaced-apart pressure pieces (27.4) which are connected to each other via a connecting section (27.5), that the connecting section (27.5) has a screw receptacle which is aligned with a screw receptacle of the fastening extension (26) arranged in the area between the pressure pieces (27.4), and that a screw element (27.6) is passed through the aligned screw receptacles and screwed into the nut (27.3) held below the fastening extension (26).

12. Crusher assembly comprising a crusher jacket (20) according to one of claims 1 to 11 and a crusher top (30), wherein the crusher jacket (20) is mounted inside the crusher top (30), wherein the crusher top (30) has a bearing part (34) which has a counter surface (36) facing into the space surrounded by the crusher top (30), against which the crusher jacket (20) rests with its clamping surface (28), wherein the crusher top (30) forms supports (35) which are opposite the fastening projections (26) and which are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, forming gap regions, wherein passages (37) are formed in these gap regions, and wherein the fastening projections (26) are clamped to the supports (35) by means of the clamping elements (27).

13. Crusher assembly according to claim 12, characterized by the fact thatthe crusher top (30) has a circumferential inner wall (32) which forms a filling opening (31), the bearing part (34) projects from the inner wall (32) in the direction of the crushing mantle (20), and the support (35) is arranged spaced apart from the inner wall (32) inside the crusher top (30).

14. Crusher assembly according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized by the fact that the crusher top part (30) has on its outside an external thread (33) of a crushing gap adjustment (40) which at least partially surrounds the central longitudinal axis (M).

15. Crusher assembly according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized by the fact that a stop connection is effective between the crushing mantle (20) and the crusher top (30), which prevents the crusher top (30) from rotating relative to the crushing mantle (20) in the circumferential direction, at least in one direction.

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