Method for repairing overhanging brick eave of fair-faced brick wall of external facade of historical building

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building, the method comprising the following steps: S1, removing the original deteriorated brick eave, creating a containing groove in the fair-faced brick wall at a joint of the fair-faced brick wall with the original deteriorated brick eave, cleaning up debris in the containing groove, the debris comprising broken bricks and dry mortar powder, and cleaning a brick surface in the containing groove; S2, implanting vertical steel bars at intervals in the containing groove in an arrangement direction of the containing groove, the upper end and the lower end of each vertical steel bar being fixedly connected to an upper wall and a lower wall of the containing groove, respectively; S3, filling bricks into the containing groove from bottom to top in such a way that a newly formed brick eave has the same original appearance and shape as the deteriorated brick eave, the bricks being bonded by mixed mortar, and the bricks and an inner wall of the containing groove also being bonded by the mixed mortar; and S4, cleaning up residues on a surface of the newly formed brick eave. By means of the present invention, the connection strength between the repaired brick eave and the fair-faced brick wall can be effectively improved, thus improving the system safety and prolonging the service life.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of historical building restoration, and in particular to a method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building.BACKGROUND

[0002] The Yangshupu Industrial Zone, located on the Yangpu Riverfront in Shanghai, is an important industrial base in modem China. It is known as the "Corridor of Modern Chinese Industrial Civilization" and was once called "the world's only remaining industrial rust belt" by UNESCO. The industrial heritage historical buildings here hold an important place in the history of China's modern industrial development. However, due to years of disrepair, weathering, and rain erosion, many parts of the fair-faced brick facade of are damaged, especially the overhanging brick eaves structure of the fair-faced brick wall, which is severely damaged, resulting in the destruction of the original appearance of the historical buildings and requiring urgent restoration.

[0003] In existing technologies, the method for repairing a deteriorated brick eave of a historical building often involves removing the original deteriorated brick eave and then rebuilding it and bonding it with mixed mortar. While this method can restore the original appearance, it has some shortcomings: (1) After the original deteriorated brick eave is removed, a strip-shaped lateral wall opening will be formed, but no toothed joint extending in the vertical direction is provided inside the opening. The bricks of the new brick eave are only vertically connected to inner surfaces of the wall opening through bonding of the old and new brick surfaces using mixed mortar, and the connection strength cannot be guaranteed. (2) The brick eave is an overhanging structure, and its surface is easily affected by typhoons, rainwater, harmful gases, water salts and biological damage. As is just bonded by mixed mortar, the brick eave is prone to falling off over time, causing serious safety hazards. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building. This method can effectively improve the connection strength between the repaired brick eave and the fair-faced brick wall, thereby improving system safety and greatly increasing the service life of the repaired brick eave.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building, wherein the method comprises the following steps: S1, removing an original deteriorated brick eave, creating a containing groove in the fair-faced brick wall at a joint of the fair-faced brick wall with the original deteriorated brick eave, cleaning up debris including broken bricks and dry mortar powder in the containing groove, and cleaning a brick surface in the containing groove; S2, implanting vertical rebars at intervals in the containing groove along an extension direction of the containing groove, and fixedly connecting upper and lower ends of each vertical rebar to an upper wall and a lower wall of the containing groove, respectively; S3, filling bricks into the containing groove from bottom to top in such a way that a newly formed brick eave has a same appearance and shape as the original deteriorated brick eave, the bricks being bonded by mixed mortar, and the bricks and an inner sidewall of the containing groove also being bonded by the mixed mortar; S4, cleaning up residues on a surface of the newly formed brick eave.

[0006] Furthermore, the interval between adjacent vertical rebars does not exceed 500 mm.

[0007] Furthermore, a depth of the vertical rebar implanted in the upper and lower walls of the containing groove is not less than a thickness of two bricks.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertical rebars are at least provided at both a left end and a right end of the containing groove, wherein the vertical rebar at the left end passes through a leftmost brick of each brick layer, and the vertical rebar at the right end passes through a rightmost brick of each brick layer.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, the bricks are filled into the containing groove from bottom to top in a staggered manner by the following steps: S31, selecting bricks and presetting an arrangement of the bricks according to the appearance of the original deteriorated brick eave; S32, pushing a lowermost brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, and bonding the brick layer to the lower wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove by mixed mortar, and then injecting and filling the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the lowermost brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the lowermost brick layer; S33, pushing a further brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, and bonding the further brick layer to an upper surface of an underlying brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove, and then injecting and filling the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the further brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the further brick layer; S34, repeating step S33 until a second-to-last brick layer is laid; S35, opening a grouting groove in an upper surface of an uppermost brick layer, pushing the uppermost brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, bonding the uppermost brick layer to the upper wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove with the mixed mortar, injecting the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the uppermost brick layer through the grouting groove to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the uppermost brick layer, and then repairing the upper surface of the uppermost brick layer.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, each brick to be penetrated by the vertical rebar is provided with a cavity corresponding to a position of the vertical rebar, and the cavity is provided with a connecting slot on a side thereof close to the inner sidewall of the containing groove, wherein the connecting slot vertically penetrates upper and lower surfaces of the brick and is oriented perpendicular to the inner sidewall, wherein an open end of the connecting slot is on a side of the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove.

[0011] Furthermore, when the brick layer has a cross-section with a length along a longitudinal direction toward an opening of the containing groove larger than a length of a single brick, the cavity is provided on the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove.

[0012] Furthermore, when the brick layer has a cross-section with a length along a longitudinal direction toward an opening of the containing groove larger than a length of a single brick, a mortise and a tenon that cooperate with each other are provided on adjacent bricks of the brick layer and arranged along the longitudinal direction.

[0013] Furthermore, when the cross-section of the brick layer has a length along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove that equals a length of two bricks, the tenon is provided on one of the bricks proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove on a side opposite to the inner sidewall, and the other one of the bricks is provided with the mortise that matches the tenon on a side adjacent to the one of the bricks.

[0014] Furthermore, the tenon has a dovetail-shaped structure.

[0015] Furthermore, when the bricks are connected by a mortise and a tenon, further fixation is provided by injecting the mixed mortar at a joint of the mortise and the tenon.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution and compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the method for repairing a brick eave of an exterior wall of the present invention can effectively solve the problem of poor bonding when the new and old brick surfaces are simply bonded by mixed mortar. By using vertical rebars and mortise-tenon structures together with the mixed mortar, the connection between the new and old brick surfaces is more solid, avoiding the situation of bricks falling off due to erosion and damage over time, especially avoiding the situation of the top brick layer being easily eroded, damaged and falling off, thus preventing safety accidents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the fair-faced brick wall after step S1 is completed according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the fair-faced brick wall after step S2 is completed according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the fair-faced brick wall and brick eave after the repair is completed according to the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the bricks in the third brick layer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the bricks in the uppermost brick layer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to facilitate a clearer understanding of its structural type and usage, but this should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] A method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Remove the original deteriorated brick eave, dig out a containing groove 2 in the fair-faced brick wall at a joint of the fair-faced brick wall 1 with the original deteriorated brick eave, and clean up debris in the containing groove 2. The debris includes broken bricks, dry mortar powder, etc. Clean brick surfaces in the containing groove 2. The fair-faced brick wall after step S1 is completed is shown in Figure 1. S2. Implant vertical rebars 3 at intervals in the containing groove 2 along a lateral extension direction of the containing groove 2. The upper and lower ends of the vertical rebars 3 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower walls of the containing groove 2, respectively. The installation position of the rebars is set according to the brick module. It should be ensured that each rebar 3 in the newly installed brick eave ties a first brick and a tail brick in the vertical direction. The interval between vertical rebars 3 in the middle of the brick eave is not greater than 500mm. The vertical rebars are ø6 steel bars. The ø6 steel bars are buried to a depth of not less than two bricks' thickness in the upper and lower walls. The rebars are fixed by planting adhesive. The fair-faced brick wall after step S2 is completed is shown in Figure 2. S3. Fill bricks into the containing groove 2 from bottom to top in such a way that the newly formed brick eave has the same appearance and shape as the original deteriorated brick eave. The bricks are bonded to each other and to the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 by mixed mortar 4.

[0020] The bricks are filled into the containing groove 2 from bottom to top in a staggered manner by the following steps: S31. Select bricks and preset an arrangement of the bricks according to the appearance of the original deteriorated brick eave. S32. Push a lowermost brick layer into the containing groove 2 according to the preset arrangement, and bond the brick layer to the lower wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 by the mixed mortar 4. Then inject and fill the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical rebar 3 and the lowermost brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar 3 to the lowermost brick layer. S33. Push the next brick layer into the containing groove 2 according to the preset arrangement, and bond this brick layer to the upper surface of the underlying brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 using the mixed mortar 4. Then, inject and fill the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical rebar 3 and this brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar 3 to this brick layer. S34. Repeat step S33 until the second-to-last brick layer from bottom to top is laid. S35. Open a grouting groove in the upper surface of an uppermost brick layer. Then, push the uppermost brick layer into the containing groove 2 according to the preset arrangement. Bond the uppermost brick layer to the upper wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 with the mixed mortar. Then, inject and fill the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical rebar 3 and the uppermost brick layer through the grouting groove to fixedly connect the vertical rebar 3 to the uppermost brick layer. Then, the upper surface of the uppermost brick layer is repaired. S4. Clean up the residues on the newly formed brick eave surface. The repaired brick eave after step S4 is shown in Figure 3.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, each brick to be penetrated by a vertical rebar 3 is provided with a cavity 5 corresponding to the position of the vertical rebar 3. The cavity 5 is provided with a connecting slot 6 on its side close to the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2. The connecting slot 6 vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the brick. The opening direction of the connecting slot 6 is perpendicular to the inner sidewall. An open end of the connecting slot 6 is located on the side of the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2.

[0022] Furthermore, when a length in a longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 of a cross-section of a brick layer is larger than that of a single brick, the cavity 5 is provided in the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2.

[0023] Furthermore, when a length in a longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 of the cross-section of the brick layer is larger than that of a single brick, adjacent bricks of the brick layer are provided with a mortise and a tenon that cooperate with each other arranged along the longitudinal direction.

[0024] Furthermore, when a length in a longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 of the cross-section of the brick layer equals that of two bricks, a tenon 7 is provided on the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 on a side opposite to the inner sidewall, and a mortise 8 that matches the tenon 7 is provided on the other brick on a side adjacent to the brick.

[0025] Furthermore, the tenon 7 has a dovetail-shaped structure.

[0026] Furthermore, when the bricks are connected by a mortise and a tenon, they are further secured by injecting mixed mortar at the mortise and tenon joints.Embodiment 1

[0027] Taking a repaired brick eave consisting of four vertically arranged brick layers as an example, the layers from top to bottom are respectively the top brick layer, the second brick layer, the third brick layer and the bottom brick layer. The shape of the repaired brick eave is shown in Figure 3. When carrying out the restoration of the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, firstly, generate drawings of brick arrangement and brick shapes according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, and manufacture the corresponding bricks according to the drawings.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2, when repairing the deteriorated brick eave, vertical rebars 3 are implanted into the containing groove 2 formed from removing the deteriorated brick eave of the fair-faced brick wall 1. Vertical rebars 3 are at least provided at both ends of the containing groove 2 in the lateral direction to ensure that the leftmost and rightmost bricks in each brick layer are connected to the corresponding vertical rebars 3. Other vertical rebars 3 are arranged according to the module of the bricks. The spacing between adjacent vertical rebar 3 does not exceed 500mm. The vertical rebars 3 are ø6 steel bars.

[0029] Then, the bottom brick layer is laid. The bottom brick layer has only one brick in each column along a longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2. The outer side of each brick is curved. The bottom brick layer is tightly bonded to the lower wall of the containing groove 2 and to the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 by mixed mortar 4. Each of the bricks in the bottom brick layer that are penetrated by the vertical rebars 3 is provided with a slot on a side adjacent to the inner sidewall, so that the bricks can be pushed into the containing groove 2 without being blocked by the vertical rebars 3 when they are laid. These bricks in the bottom brick layer that are penetrated by the vertical rebars 3 are also provided with cavities 5. When these bricks are laid in place, the vertical rebars 3 are located just in the cavities 5 in the bricks. Then, the mixed mortar 4 is injected to fill the cavities 5 and the slots, and the vertical rebars 3 are bonded and fixed to these bricks. The upper surface of the bottom brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned.

[0030] Then, the third brick layer is laid. The third brick layer has two bricks in each column along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 and adopts stretcher bricks. The connection between the bricks is shown in Figure 4. An inner brick is laid first. The inner brick of the third brick layer is tightly bonded to the upper surface of the bottom brick layer and to the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 by the mixed mortar 4. The inner brick is provided with a cavity 5 and a slot. The position and shape of the cavity 5 and slot of the inner brick are in correspondence with the cavity 5 and slot of the bottom brick layer. The outer side of the inner brick is provided with a tenon 7. The outer brick is connected to the inner brick by a mortise 8 that matches the tenon 7 and is bonded to the upper surface of the bottom brick layer by the mixed mortar 4. The gap between the tenon 7 and mortise 8, the cavity 5 and the slot are filled by injecting mixed mortar 4. The upper surface of the third brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned.

[0031] Then a second brick layer is laid. The second brick layer has one brick in each column along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 and adopts header bricks. The mixed mortar 4 is used to bond the second brick layer to both the upper surface of the third brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2. The bricks in the second brick layer that are penetrated by the vertical rebars 3 are provided with cavities 5 and slots. The position and shape of the cavities 5 and slots of the second brick layer are in correspondence with the cavities 5 and slots of the third brick layer. Then, the mixed mortar 4 is injected to fill the cavities 5 and slots, and the vertical rebars 3 are bonded and fixed to these bricks. The upper surface of the second brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned.

[0032] Finally, the top brick layer is laid. The top brick layer has two bricks in each column along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2. The connection between the bricks is shown in Figure 5. An inner brick is first laid. The mixed mortar 4 is used to ensure a tight bond between the inner brick of the top brick layer and both the upper surface of the second brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2. The inner brick is provided with a cavity 5 and a slot. The position and shape of the cavity 5 and slot of the inner brick are in correspondence with the inner brick of the second brick layer. The outer side of the inner brick is provided with a tenon 7. The outer brick is connected to the inner brick through engagement of its mortise 8 with the tenon 7. The outer brick is bonded to the upper surface of the second brick layer by the mixed mortar 4. The outer side of the outer brick is curved. The upper surface of the inner brick is pre-cut with a grouting groove. Mixed mortar 4 is injected into the grouting groove to fill the gap between the tenon 7 and the mortise 8, the cavity 5 and the slot. The exposed upper surface of the top brick layer is smoothed and cleaned.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Examples

embodiment 1

[0027]Taking a repaired brick eave consisting of four vertically arranged brick layers as an example, the layers from top to bottom are respectively the top brick layer, the second brick layer, the third brick layer and the bottom brick layer. The shape of the repaired brick eave is shown in Figure 3. When carrying out the restoration of the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, firstly, generate drawings of brick arrangement and brick shapes according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, and manufacture the corresponding bricks according to the drawings.

[0028]As shown in Figure 2, when repairing the deteriorated brick eave, vertical rebars 3 are implanted into the containing groove 2 formed from removing the deteriorated brick eave of the fair-faced brick wall 1. Vertical rebars 3 are at least provided at both ends of the containing groove 2 in the lateral direction to ensure that the leftmost and rightmost bricks in each brick layer are connecte...

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of historical building restoration, and in particular to a method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building.BACKGROUND

[0002] The Yangshupu Industrial Zone, located on the Yangpu Riverfront in Shanghai, is an important industrial base in modem China. It is known as the "Corridor of Modern Chinese Industrial Civilization" and was once called "the world's only remaining industrial rust belt" by UNESCO. The industrial heritage historical buildings here hold an important place in the history of China's modern industrial development. However, due to years of disrepair, weathering, and rain erosion, many parts of the fair-faced brick facade of are damaged, especially the overhanging brick eaves structure of the fair-faced brick wall, which is severely damaged, resulting in the destruction of the original appearance of the historical buildings and requiring urgent restoration.

[0003] In existing technologies, the method for repairing a deteriorated brick eave of a historical building often involves removing the original deteriorated brick eave and then rebuilding it and bonding it with mixed mortar. While this method can restore the original appearance, it has some shortcomings: (1) After the original deteriorated brick eave is removed, a strip-shaped lateral wall opening will be formed, but no toothed joint extending in the vertical direction is provided inside the opening. The bricks of the new brick eave are only vertically connected to inner surfaces of the wall opening through bonding of the old and new brick surfaces using mixed mortar, and the connection strength cannot be guaranteed. (2) The brick eave is an overhanging structure, and its surface is easily affected by typhoons, rainwater, harmful gases, water salts and biological damage. As is just bonded by mixed mortar, the brick eave is prone to falling off over time, causing serious safety hazards. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building. This method can effectively improve the connection strength between the repaired brick eave and the fair-faced brick wall, thereby improving system safety and greatly increasing the service life of the repaired brick eave.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building, wherein the method comprises the following steps: S1, removing an original deteriorated brick eave, creating a containing groove in the fair-faced brick wall at a joint of the fair-faced brick wall with the original deteriorated brick eave, cleaning up debris including broken bricks and dry mortar powder in the containing groove, and cleaning a brick surface in the containing groove; S2, implanting vertical rebars at intervals in the containing groove along an extension direction of the containing groove, and fixedly connecting upper and lower ends of each vertical rebar to an upper wall and a lower wall of the containing groove, respectively; S3, filling bricks into the containing groove from bottom to top in such a way that a newly formed brick eave has a same appearance and shape as the original deteriorated brick eave, the bricks being bonded by mixed mortar, and the bricks and an inner sidewall of the containing groove also being bonded by the mixed mortar; S4, cleaning up residues on a surface of the newly formed brick eave.

[0006] Furthermore, the interval between adjacent vertical rebars does not exceed 500 mm.

[0007] Furthermore, a depth of the vertical rebar implanted in the upper and lower walls of the containing groove is not less than a thickness of two bricks.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertical rebars are at least provided at both a left end and a right end of the containing groove, wherein the vertical rebar at the left end passes through a leftmost brick of each brick layer, and the vertical rebar at the right end passes through a rightmost brick of each brick layer.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, the bricks are filled into the containing groove from bottom to top in a staggered manner by the following steps: S31, selecting bricks and presetting an arrangement of the bricks according to the appearance of the original deteriorated brick eave; S32, pushing a lowermost brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, and bonding the brick layer to the lower wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove by mixed mortar, and then injecting and filling the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the lowermost brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the lowermost brick layer; S33, pushing a further brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, and bonding the further brick layer to an upper surface of an underlying brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove, and then injecting and filling the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the further brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the further brick layer; S34, repeating step S33 until a second-to-last brick layer is laid; S35, opening a grouting groove in an upper surface of an uppermost brick layer, pushing the uppermost brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, bonding the uppermost brick layer to the upper wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove with the mixed mortar, injecting the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the uppermost brick layer through the grouting groove to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the uppermost brick layer, and then repairing the upper surface of the uppermost brick layer.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, each brick to be penetrated by the vertical rebar is provided with a cavity corresponding to a position of the vertical rebar, and the cavity is provided with a connecting slot on a side thereof close to the inner sidewall of the containing groove, wherein the connecting slot vertically penetrates upper and lower surfaces of the brick and is oriented perpendicular to the inner sidewall, wherein an open end of the connecting slot is on a side of the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove.

[0011] Furthermore, when the brick layer has a cross-section with a length along a longitudinal direction toward an opening of the containing groove larger than a length of a single brick, the cavity is provided on the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove.

[0012] Furthermore, when the brick layer has a cross-section with a length along a longitudinal direction toward an opening of the containing groove larger than a length of a single brick, a mortise and a tenon that cooperate with each other are provided on adjacent bricks of the brick layer and arranged along the longitudinal direction.

[0013] Furthermore, when the cross-section of the brick layer has a length along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove that equals a length of two bricks, the tenon is provided on one of the bricks proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove on a side opposite to the inner sidewall, and the other one of the bricks is provided with the mortise that matches the tenon on a side adjacent to the one of the bricks.

[0014] Furthermore, the tenon has a dovetail-shaped structure.

[0015] Furthermore, when the bricks are connected by a mortise and a tenon, further fixation is provided by injecting the mixed mortar at a joint of the mortise and the tenon.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution and compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the method for repairing a brick eave of an exterior wall of the present invention can effectively solve the problem of poor bonding when the new and old brick surfaces are simply bonded by mixed mortar. By using vertical rebars and mortise-tenon structures together with the mixed mortar, the connection between the new and old brick surfaces is more solid, avoiding the situation of bricks falling off due to erosion and damage over time, especially avoiding the situation of the top brick layer being easily eroded, damaged and falling off, thus preventing safety accidents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the fair-faced brick wall after step S1 is completed according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the fair-faced brick wall after step S2 is completed according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the fair-faced brick wall and brick eave after the repair is completed according to the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the bricks in the third brick layer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the bricks in the uppermost brick layer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to facilitate a clearer understanding of its structural type and usage, but this should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] A method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Remove the original deteriorated brick eave, dig out a containing groove 2 in the fair-faced brick wall at a joint of the fair-faced brick wall 1 with the original deteriorated brick eave, and clean up debris in the containing groove 2. The debris includes broken bricks, dry mortar powder, etc. Clean brick surfaces in the containing groove 2. The fair-faced brick wall after step S1 is completed is shown in Figure 1. S2. Implant vertical rebars 3 at intervals in the containing groove 2 along a lateral extension direction of the containing groove 2. The upper and lower ends of the vertical rebars 3 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower walls of the containing groove 2, respectively. The installation position of the rebars is set according to the brick module. It should be ensured that each rebar 3 in the newly installed brick eave ties a first brick and a tail brick in the vertical direction. The interval between vertical rebars 3 in the middle of the brick eave is not greater than 500mm. The vertical rebars are ø6 steel bars. The ø6 steel bars are buried to a depth of not less than two bricks' thickness in the upper and lower walls. The rebars are fixed by planting adhesive. The fair-faced brick wall after step S2 is completed is shown in Figure 2. S3. Fill bricks into the containing groove 2 from bottom to top in such a way that the newly formed brick eave has the same appearance and shape as the original deteriorated brick eave. The bricks are bonded to each other and to the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 by mixed mortar 4.

[0020] The bricks are filled into the containing groove 2 from bottom to top in a staggered manner by the following steps: S31. Select bricks and preset an arrangement of the bricks according to the appearance of the original deteriorated brick eave. S32. Push a lowermost brick layer into the containing groove 2 according to the preset arrangement, and bond the brick layer to the lower wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 by the mixed mortar 4. Then inject and fill the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical rebar 3 and the lowermost brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar 3 to the lowermost brick layer. S33. Push the next brick layer into the containing groove 2 according to the preset arrangement, and bond this brick layer to the upper surface of the underlying brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 using the mixed mortar 4. Then, inject and fill the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical rebar 3 and this brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar 3 to this brick layer. S34. Repeat step S33 until the second-to-last brick layer from bottom to top is laid. S35. Open a grouting groove in the upper surface of an uppermost brick layer. Then, push the uppermost brick layer into the containing groove 2 according to the preset arrangement. Bond the uppermost brick layer to the upper wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 with the mixed mortar. Then, inject and fill the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical rebar 3 and the uppermost brick layer through the grouting groove to fixedly connect the vertical rebar 3 to the uppermost brick layer. Then, the upper surface of the uppermost brick layer is repaired. S4. Clean up the residues on the newly formed brick eave surface. The repaired brick eave after step S4 is shown in Figure 3.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, each brick to be penetrated by a vertical rebar 3 is provided with a cavity 5 corresponding to the position of the vertical rebar 3. The cavity 5 is provided with a connecting slot 6 on its side close to the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2. The connecting slot 6 vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the brick. The opening direction of the connecting slot 6 is perpendicular to the inner sidewall. An open end of the connecting slot 6 is located on the side of the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2.

[0022] Furthermore, when a length in a longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 of a cross-section of a brick layer is larger than that of a single brick, the cavity 5 is provided in the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2.

[0023] Furthermore, when a length in a longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 of the cross-section of the brick layer is larger than that of a single brick, adjacent bricks of the brick layer are provided with a mortise and a tenon that cooperate with each other arranged along the longitudinal direction.

[0024] Furthermore, when a length in a longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 of the cross-section of the brick layer equals that of two bricks, a tenon 7 is provided on the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 on a side opposite to the inner sidewall, and a mortise 8 that matches the tenon 7 is provided on the other brick on a side adjacent to the brick.

[0025] Furthermore, the tenon 7 has a dovetail-shaped structure.

[0026] Furthermore, when the bricks are connected by a mortise and a tenon, they are further secured by injecting mixed mortar at the mortise and tenon joints.Embodiment 1

[0027] Taking a repaired brick eave consisting of four vertically arranged brick layers as an example, the layers from top to bottom are respectively the top brick layer, the second brick layer, the third brick layer and the bottom brick layer. The shape of the repaired brick eave is shown in Figure 3. When carrying out the restoration of the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, firstly, generate drawings of brick arrangement and brick shapes according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, and manufacture the corresponding bricks according to the drawings.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2, when repairing the deteriorated brick eave, vertical rebars 3 are implanted into the containing groove 2 formed from removing the deteriorated brick eave of the fair-faced brick wall 1. Vertical rebars 3 are at least provided at both ends of the containing groove 2 in the lateral direction to ensure that the leftmost and rightmost bricks in each brick layer are connected to the corresponding vertical rebars 3. Other vertical rebars 3 are arranged according to the module of the bricks. The spacing between adjacent vertical rebar 3 does not exceed 500mm. The vertical rebars 3 are ø6 steel bars.

[0029] Then, the bottom brick layer is laid. The bottom brick layer has only one brick in each column along a longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2. The outer side of each brick is curved. The bottom brick layer is tightly bonded to the lower wall of the containing groove 2 and to the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 by mixed mortar 4. Each of the bricks in the bottom brick layer that are penetrated by the vertical rebars 3 is provided with a slot on a side adjacent to the inner sidewall, so that the bricks can be pushed into the containing groove 2 without being blocked by the vertical rebars 3 when they are laid. These bricks in the bottom brick layer that are penetrated by the vertical rebars 3 are also provided with cavities 5. When these bricks are laid in place, the vertical rebars 3 are located just in the cavities 5 in the bricks. Then, the mixed mortar 4 is injected to fill the cavities 5 and the slots, and the vertical rebars 3 are bonded and fixed to these bricks. The upper surface of the bottom brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned.

[0030] Then, the third brick layer is laid. The third brick layer has two bricks in each column along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 and adopts stretcher bricks. The connection between the bricks is shown in Figure 4. An inner brick is laid first. The inner brick of the third brick layer is tightly bonded to the upper surface of the bottom brick layer and to the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 by the mixed mortar 4. The inner brick is provided with a cavity 5 and a slot. The position and shape of the cavity 5 and slot of the inner brick are in correspondence with the cavity 5 and slot of the bottom brick layer. The outer side of the inner brick is provided with a tenon 7. The outer brick is connected to the inner brick by a mortise 8 that matches the tenon 7 and is bonded to the upper surface of the bottom brick layer by the mixed mortar 4. The gap between the tenon 7 and mortise 8, the cavity 5 and the slot are filled by injecting mixed mortar 4. The upper surface of the third brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned.

[0031] Then a second brick layer is laid. The second brick layer has one brick in each column along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2 and adopts header bricks. The mixed mortar 4 is used to bond the second brick layer to both the upper surface of the third brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2. The bricks in the second brick layer that are penetrated by the vertical rebars 3 are provided with cavities 5 and slots. The position and shape of the cavities 5 and slots of the second brick layer are in correspondence with the cavities 5 and slots of the third brick layer. Then, the mixed mortar 4 is injected to fill the cavities 5 and slots, and the vertical rebars 3 are bonded and fixed to these bricks. The upper surface of the second brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned.

[0032] Finally, the top brick layer is laid. The top brick layer has two bricks in each column along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove 2. The connection between the bricks is shown in Figure 5. An inner brick is first laid. The mixed mortar 4 is used to ensure a tight bond between the inner brick of the top brick layer and both the upper surface of the second brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove 2. The inner brick is provided with a cavity 5 and a slot. The position and shape of the cavity 5 and slot of the inner brick are in correspondence with the inner brick of the second brick layer. The outer side of the inner brick is provided with a tenon 7. The outer brick is connected to the inner brick through engagement of its mortise 8 with the tenon 7. The outer brick is bonded to the upper surface of the second brick layer by the mixed mortar 4. The outer side of the outer brick is curved. The upper surface of the inner brick is pre-cut with a grouting groove. Mixed mortar 4 is injected into the grouting groove to fill the gap between the tenon 7 and the mortise 8, the cavity 5 and the slot. The exposed upper surface of the top brick layer is smoothed and cleaned.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Examples

embodiment 1

[0027]Taking a repaired brick eave consisting of four vertically arranged brick layers as an example, the layers from top to bottom are respectively the top brick layer, the second brick layer, the third brick layer and the bottom brick layer. The shape of the repaired brick eave is shown in Figure 3. When carrying out the restoration of the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, firstly, generate drawings of brick arrangement and brick shapes according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eave, and manufacture the corresponding bricks according to the drawings.

[0028]As shown in Figure 2, when repairing the deteriorated brick eave, vertical rebars 3 are implanted into the containing groove 2 formed from removing the deteriorated brick eave of the fair-faced brick wall 1. Vertical rebars 3 are at least provided at both ends of the containing groove 2 in the lateral direction to ensure that the leftmost and rightmost bricks in each brick layer are connecte...

Claims

1. A method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building, wherein the method comprises the following steps: S1, removing an original deteriorated brick eave, creating a containing groove in the fair-faced brick wall at a joint of the fair-faced brick wall with the original deteriorated brick eave, cleaning up debris including broken bricks and dry mortar powder in the containing groove, and cleaning a brick surface in the containing groove; S2, implanting vertical rebars at intervals in the containing groove along an extension direction of the containing groove, and fixedly connecting upper and lower ends of each vertical rebar to an upper wall and a lower wall of the containing groove, respectively; S3, filling bricks into the containing groove from bottom to top in such a way that a newly formed brick eave has a same appearance and shape as the original deteriorated brick eave, the bricks being bonded by mixed mortar, and the bricks and an inner sidewall of the containing groove also being bonded by the mixed mortar; S4, cleaning up residues on a surface of the newly formed brick eave.

2. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 1, wherein the interval between adjacent vertical rebars does not exceed 500 mm.

3. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the vertical rebar implanted in the upper and lower walls of the containing groove is not less than a thickness of two bricks.

4. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 1, wherein the vertical rebars are at least provided at both a left end and a right end of the containing groove, wherein the vertical rebar at the left end passes through a leftmost brick of each brick layer, and the vertical rebar at the right end passes through a rightmost brick of each brick layer.

5. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the bricks are filled into the containing groove from bottom to top in a staggered manner by the following steps: S31, selecting bricks and presetting an arrangement of the bricks according to the appearance of the original deteriorated brick eave; S32, pushing a lowermost brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, and bonding the brick layer to the lower wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove by mixed mortar, and then injecting and filling the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the lowermost brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the lowermost brick layer; S33, pushing a further brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, and bonding the further brick layer to an upper surface of an underlying brick layer and the inner sidewall of the containing groove using the mixed mortar, and then injecting and filling the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the further brick layer to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the further brick layer; S34, repeating step S33 until a second-to-last brick layer is laid; S35, opening a grouting groove in an upper surface of an uppermost brick layer, pushing the uppermost brick layer into the containing groove according to the preset arrangement, bonding the uppermost brick layer to the upper wall and the inner sidewall of the containing groove using the mixed mortar, injecting the mixed mortar between the vertical rebar and the uppermost brick layer through the grouting groove to fixedly connect the vertical rebar to the uppermost brick layer, and then repairing the upper surface of the uppermost brick layer.

6. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, each brick to be penetrated by the vertical rebar is provided with a cavity corresponding to a position of the vertical rebar, and the cavity is provided with a connecting slot on a side thereof close to the inner sidewall of the containing groove, wherein the connecting slot vertically penetrates upper and lower surfaces of the brick and is oriented perpendicular to the inner sidewall, wherein an open end of the connecting slot is on a side of the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove.

7. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 6, wherein when the brick layer has a cross-section with a length along a longitudinal direction toward an opening of the containing groove larger than a length of a single brick, the cavity is provided on the brick proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove.

8. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 6, wherein when the brick layer has a cross-section with a length along a longitudinal direction toward an opening of the containing groove larger than a length of a single brick, a mortise and a tenon that cooperate with each other are provided on adjacent bricks of the brick layer and arranged along the longitudinal direction.

9. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 8, wherein when the cross-section of the brick layer has a length along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove that equals a length of two bricks, the tenon is provided on one of the bricks proximate the inner sidewall of the containing groove on a side opposite to the inner sidewall, and the other one of the bricks is provided with the mortise that matches the tenon on a side adjacent to the one of the bricks.

10. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 9, wherein the tenon has a dovetail-shaped structure.

11. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 6, wherein a cross-section of the uppermost brick layer has a length along the longitudinal direction toward the opening of the containing groove larger than a length of a single brick.

12. The method for repairing an overhanging brick eave of a fair-faced brick wall of an external facade of a historical building according to claim 6, wherein when the bricks are connected by a mortise and a tenon, further fixation is provided by injecting the mixed mortar at a joint of the mortise and the tenon.

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