Tilting vehicle with manual transmission

Abstract

The objective of the present invention is to provide a tilting vehicle with manual transmission (1) that, while having an automatic start-stop system, can start the internal combustion engine (10) under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, according to the operation of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101), and which allows the driver to easily determine, by maneuvering the clutch lever (122), whether the vehicle is in automatic start-stop mode or in the same state as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system. [Fig. 1]

Description

Title of the invention: Manual transmission tilting vehicle technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a tilting vehicle with manual transmission. Prior technology

[0002] Tilting vehicles with manual transmission, such as motorcycles with an automatic start-stop system, are known. For example, in the motorcycle illustrated in patent no. 1, when the internal combustion engine speed falls below a defined value, the engine switches from driving mode to automatic start-stop mode. An internal combustion engine in automatic start-stop mode restarts, for example, depending on the clutch lever action. The motorcycle shown in patent no. 1 cannot restart depending on the clutch lever action while in automatic start-stop mode and when the side stand is deployed as a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels.

[0003] Furthermore, the motorcycle shown, for example, in patent no. 2 is equipped with a control unit for the use of the kickstand and an automatic start / stop control unit. The automatic start / stop control unit automatically shuts off the internal combustion engine. In addition, the control unit for the use of the kickstand shuts off the engine when the side stand is in use. Previous technical documentation Patent documentation Patent No. 1: Patent filed No. 2016-156347 Patent No. 2: International Publication No. 2019 / 198599 Overview of the invention Problems that the invention attempts to solve

[0004] In a tilting vehicle with manual transmission, it is desirable, while having an automatic start-stop system, to be able to start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system according to the operation of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels, and that it is possible to understand easily with a maneuver on the clutch lever whether one is in a state of automatic start-stop or in the same state as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is to provide a tilting vehicle with manual transmission that, while having an automatic start-stop system, can start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, depending on the operation of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels, and which makes it easy to understand with a maneuver on the clutch lever whether one is in automatic stop-start mode or in the same state as a vehicle without an automatic stop-start system. Ways to solve problems

[0006] The present inventor has studied the function of the kickstand as an example of a ground stability mechanism for all wheels. The kickstand is an example of a stability mechanism that allows a stationary vehicle to remain upright. There are two types of stability mechanisms: an "off-ground" stability mechanism for all wheels, and an on-ground stability mechanism for all wheels.

[0007] A center stand is an example of a "non-ground" stability mechanism for all wheels. When the center stand is deployed, some of the wheels on the manual-transmission tilting vehicle are no longer in contact with the ground. In other words, the center stand allows the manual-transmission tilting vehicle to remain upright even though some of its wheels are no longer in contact with the ground.

[0008] A ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels is, for example, a side stand. A side stand allows a manually operated tilting vehicle to remain upright while all wheels on the tilting vehicle are in contact with the ground. A side stand can be deployed while keeping all wheels on the manually operated tilting vehicle in contact with the ground. The side stand is a practical means of stabilization used more often than a center stand. Some manually operated tilting vehicles are equipped with only a side stand.

[0009] The present inventor has observed the relationship between the automatic stop-start system and the function of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism, including restarting by the clutch lever.

[0010] For example, patent no. 1 explains that "the restart command repeatedly processes the flow of diagram 5 when the automatic start-stop mode selection switch 67 is ON." The restart command is illustrated by diagram 5 of patent no. 1. The restart command illustrated in diagram 5 is executed repeatedly. This is also clear from the statement in paragraph

[0085] of patent no. 1, which stipulates that "when the restart conditions (including the kickstand) are not met (step S13: No), the system returns to step SI 1 (previously executed), stopping the restart."

[0011] With the technology of patent no. 1, when the kickstand is deployed, the restart conditions are no longer met (No in step S13), and the restart command based on a clutch lever maneuver (step S14) is not performed. However, the process returns to step SI 1 and the flow processing in diagram 5 of patent no. 1 is repeated. If the kickstand is stowed during the repetition of this process, the restart conditions are met and the restart command based on a clutch operation (step S14) is executed. In other words, the restart command based on a clutch operation resumes.

[0012] Thus, in patent no. 1, the state of the kickstand is included as a condition in the restart command. For this reason, the motorcycle of patent no. 1 cannot start the internal combustion engine with the same maneuver as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system.

[0013] For example, the automatic start-stop command and the side stand command are also mentioned in patent No. 2. However, with the command in patent No. 2, whether or not the internal combustion engine stops due to the side stand is not determined if automatic start-stop is in operation. The control flow of patent No. 2 is described more precisely in diagram 5 of patent No. 2. According to this flow, if automatic start-stop is in operation (Yes to IF), the command "does not output to terminal IMOAU" in step S4. In this case, neither the processing of step S2 nor that of step S3 is performed. Here, steps S2 and S3 are processes that "output to terminal IMOAU" if the engine is stalled but not in automatic start-stop. And the output of terminal IMOAU indicates, for example, whether or not there is a stop due to the side stand.Therefore, in patent no. 2, the decision to stop or not the internal combustion engine due to the kickstand depends on the state of the automatic stop-start caused by the automatic stop-start processing.

[0014] With regard to the automatic start-stop system of a tilting vehicle equipped with a clutch lever and a side stand, the present inventor has studied the implementation of the side stand process as a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels, independently of the automatic start-stop system process, including restarting via the clutch lever. With the process implemented independently, the internal combustion engine will not start until the engine start switch is activated once the side stand is deployed, regardless of the automatic start-stop system's status. In this case, once the side stand is deployed, the internal combustion engine will not restart with a clutch lever operation. In other words, once the side stand is deployed, the internal combustion engine starts under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system.

[0015] For example, one can consider the case where the driver moves away from the vehicle at Manual transmission tilting in a situation where the side stand is deployed. For example, a driver returning to the manual transmission tilting vehicle from a distance might assume that the internal combustion engine will only start by activating the engine start switch. A situation where, after the side stand has been deployed and then stowed, the internal combustion engine starts with a clutch lever operation before the start switch is activated can be prevented by ensuring that the engine does not start with a clutch lever operation once the side stand has been deployed in an automatic stop-start state.

[0016] Conversely, the internal combustion engine starts with a clutch lever operation if the side stand is not deployed during the automatic start-stop state. And after the internal combustion engine has started, the tilting vehicle with manual transmission can start by returning the clutch lever after manipulation. In other words, the tilting vehicle with manual transmission can, for example, start with a simple back-and-forth movement of the clutch lever from a state where the internal combustion engine is stopped.

[0017] The situation where the kickstand is not deployed in an automatic start-stop state, and the situation where the side stand is retracted after being deployed, are both situations where the kickstand is retracted. For this reason, it is not possible to distinguish the response of the starting operation with the side stand, which differs from the structure of patent no. 1 where the response of the starting operation depends solely on the current state of the side stand. One can also consider the possibility of wanting to check the display of the gauges indicating the status before a starting operation.

[0018] However, for the user of a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission and an internal combustion engine that starts with a clutch lever movement in automatic start-stop mode, it can be assumed that the clutch lever movement is initially more frequent to start the vehicle when the engine is off. If the side stand has not been deployed in automatic start-stop mode, the internal combustion engine starts according to the clutch lever movement. Conversely, if the side stand has been deployed in automatic start-stop mode, the internal combustion engine does not start according to the clutch lever movement, even if the side stand is subsequently retracted. In this case, the internal combustion engine starts by activating the engine start switch in the same way as a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission that does not have an automatic start-stop system.In other words, it is easy to understand if a vehicle with a tilting transmission. The manual transmission is in automatic start-stop mode, or if it's in the same state as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, with the clutch lever often being the first maneuver when starting the internal combustion engine. In other words, if the side stand is down, the starting procedure can be easily understood without checking the display, for example. Therefore, starting a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission, a clutch lever, and an automatic start-stop system, where the internal combustion engine doesn't start with a clutch lever maneuver once the side stand is down, is straightforward.

[0019] It is possible to apply what has been above to a tilting vehicle with manual transmission having a ground stability mechanism of all wheels except a side stand.

[0020] To achieve the above objective, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle has the following structure according to an embodiment (1) of the present invention:

[0021] This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission configured so as not to remain upright on its wheels only while driving,

[0022] said tilting vehicle with manual transmission has:

[0023] said wheels comprising a drive wheel which drives said tilting vehicle with manual transmission,

[0024] a ground stability mechanism for all wheels configured to, on the one hand, keep the body upright with said wheels in contact with the ground when it is in operation, and on the other hand, not keep the body upright when it is not in operation,

[0025] a detection device that detects whether the ground stability mechanism of all wheels is functioning or not,

[0026] a heat engine which has a crankshaft and which delivers the power generated by combustion via said crankshaft,

[0027] a manual transmission changing the speed ratio between said crankshaft and said drive wheel through several gears, including neutral position,

[0028] a clutch lever that operates the clutch according to the driver's maneuver,

[0029] a clutch sensor that detects the operation of said clutch,

[0030] an alternator-starter which drives said crankshaft during the starting of said internal combustion engine, which is driven by said crankshaft during the combustion of said internal combustion engine, and which generates electricity,

[0031] a thermal engine start switch to start said thermal engine according to the driver's action,

[0032] and a control device which controls the operation of said heat engine and said alternator-starter.

[0033] Said tilting vehicle with manual transmission has the following characteristics:

[0034] - said control device has a start-stop control unit automatic, which implements an automatic restart / stop-start process for the automatic restart and stop-start of said internal combustion engine, a forced stop control unit which implements a forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine for the stopping and starting of said internal combustion engine;

[0035] - said automatic start-stop control unit restarts said engine thermal based on the result of the detection of the maneuver of said clutch sensor in automatic stop-start state by implementing said automatic restart / stop-start process, while putting said thermal engine into automatic stop-start state, the operation of which is stopped, based on the achievement of the automatic stop-start conditions except those of the state of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels;

[0036] - said forced shutdown control unit maintains the shutdown state of operation said internal combustion engine until said internal combustion engine start switch is actuated and starts said internal combustion engine based on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch, implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine as a process independent of said automatic restart / stop-start process after forcibly stopping the operation of said internal combustion engine if the operation of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism has been detected, without starting said internal combustion engine according to the result of the maneuver detection of said clutch sensor.

[0037] The manual transmission tilting vehicle (1) is a vehicle having a manual transmission. The tilting vehicle has several wheels, a ground stability mechanism for all wheels, a detection device, an internal combustion engine, a clutch lever, a clutch sensor, an alternator-starter, an internal combustion engine start switch, and a control device.

[0038] The wheels are mounted on the body of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission. The wheels include the drive wheels. A ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels is, for example, a side stand. The ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels is configured to keep the body upright with the wheels in contact with the ground when it is in operation. The ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels does not keep the body upright when it is not in operation. The internal combustion engine delivers the power generated by combustion. The power is delivered via the crankshaft. The clutch is installed on the tilting vehicle with transmission The manual transmission cuts off the transmission of power from the crankshaft to the drive wheel when engaged. The manual transmission changes the gear ratio between the crankshaft and the drive wheel depending on the driver's input. The clutch lever operates the clutch according to the driver's input. The clutch sensor detects the clutch lever's operation. The starter-alternator drives the crankshaft when the internal combustion engine starts. The starter-alternator is driven by the crankshaft during combustion and generates electricity. The internal combustion engine's starter switch is operated by the driver. The internal combustion engine is configured to start based on the operation of the starter switch.

[0039] The control device controls the operation of the internal combustion engine and the alternator-starter. The control device has an automatic start-stop control unit and a forced stop control unit.

[0040] The automatic start-stop control unit implements the automatic restart / start-stop process. The automatic restart / start-stop process is a process for the automatic start-stop and restart of the internal combustion engine. The automatic start-stop control unit puts the internal combustion engine into an automatic start-stop state and also restarts the internal combustion engine, thereby implementing the automatic start-stop / start-stop process. In the automatic start-stop / start-stop process, the automatic start-stop control unit puts the internal combustion engine into an automatic start-stop state based on the fulfillment of the automatic start-stop conditions, excluding those related to the state of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism. The automatic start-stop state is a state in which operation is stopped.Furthermore, the automatic restart / stop-start process restarts the internal combustion engine based on the result of the clutch sensor maneuver detection in the aforementioned automatic stop-start state.

[0041] The forced shutdown control unit implements the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine is a process for stopping and starting the internal combustion engine under conditions different from those of an automatic stop-start and restart. The forced shutdown control unit implements the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine independently of the automatic restart / stop-start process. Furthermore, the forced shutdown control unit implements the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine whether or not it is in an automatic stop-start state. The forced shutdown control unit forcibly stops the operation of the internal combustion engine by implementing the start / stop process. forced start of the internal combustion engine. In addition, the forced stop control unit starts the internal combustion engine by implementing the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine.

[0042] During the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine, the forced stop control unit forces the engine to shut down if the operation of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism is detected. The forced stop of the internal combustion engine referred to here means forcibly stopping the engine, whether it is running or stopped. This forced stop includes halting the forced start / stop process while keeping the engine stopped during the implementation of the automatic restart / stop-start process. During the forced start / stop process, the forced stop control unit restarts the engine, which has been forcibly stopped, based on the operation of the engine's start switch.During the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine, the forced stop control unit maintains the engine's stopped state until the engine start switch is activated, without restarting the engine based on the clutch sensor's operation detection. This means that the forced stop control unit does not remove the engine's stopped state based on the clutch sensor's operation detection. Furthermore, even when the engine is already stopped, there may be instances where the conditions for a forced engine stop are met. For example, when the engine is stopped due to an automatic restart / stop-start process, there may be instances where the conditions for a forced engine stop are present.In this case, the internal combustion engine transitions from a running state to a stopped state, or remains in a stopped state, once the corresponding conditions are met. The resulting stopped state of the engine is maintained until the internal combustion engine start switch is activated.

[0043] The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine is implemented independently of the automatic restart / stop-start process. Therefore, the internal combustion engine is forcibly stopped if the all-wheel drive system is functioning, while the engine is in an automatic stop-start state based on the fulfillment of conditions other than those related to the state of the all-wheel drive system. If the all-wheel drive system is functioning, the stopped state of the internal combustion engine is maintained until the engine start switch is activated, without being overridden by the operation of the clutch lever. In other words, the internal combustion engine will not start until at least the engine start switch is activated, once the all-wheel drive system is functioning. The internal combustion engine starts when the engine start switch is activated, once the all-wheel drive system is functioning.

[0044] Thus, once the all-wheel drive stability control system is activated, the internal combustion engine of the manually operated tilting vehicle can then, for example, start under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, even when the all-wheel drive stability control system is deactivated. Therefore, it is possible to start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, even though it has an automatic start-stop system.

[0045] With a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission and an internal combustion engine that starts with a clutch lever movement in automatic start-stop mode, the clutch lever movement is initially more frequent for starting from a stationary position. If the side stand has not been deployed in automatic start-stop mode, the internal combustion engine starts according to the clutch lever movement. Conversely, if the side stand has been deployed in automatic start-stop mode, the internal combustion engine does not start according to the clutch lever movement, even if the side stand is subsequently retracted. In this case, the internal combustion engine starts by activating the engine start switch in the same way as a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission that does not have an automatic start-stop system.It is easy to determine whether a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission is in automatic start-stop mode, or if it is in the same state as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, with the clutch lever often being the first thing to be operated when starting the internal combustion engine. The driver of a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission can determine the status simply by operating the clutch lever, without needing to check, for example, the status indicated on the display. Therefore, starting the vehicle is straightforward in a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission.

[0046] According to one embodiment (2) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle can adopt the following structure:

[0047] (2) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission (1),

[0048] said forced stop control unit keeps the operation of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels stopped when the power transmission from said internal combustion engine to said drive wheel is cut off, and the state of stoppage of the operation of said internal combustion engine until said internal combustion engine start switch is actuated, and starts said internal combustion engine based on the simultaneous realization of the stoppage of said ground stability mechanism of all wheels when the transmission of power from said internal combustion engine to said drive wheel is cut off on the one hand, and the manipulation of the internal combustion engine start switch on the other hand, by implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine, while forcing the stoppage of the operation of said internal combustion engine if the operation of said ground stability mechanism of all wheels has been detected.

[0049] According to the tilting vehicle with manual transmission in this embodiment (2), the transmission of power from the internal combustion engine to the drive wheel is interrupted when the internal combustion engine is started. For this reason, the resistance experienced by the internal combustion engine from the drive wheel is controlled during engine start-up. Consequently, according to the tilting vehicle with manual transmission (2), it is possible to start the internal combustion engine quickly, under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, compared to a vehicle without such a system.

[0050] According to one embodiment (3) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle can adopt the following structure:

[0051] (3) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission (1) or (2);

[0052] of which said ground stability mechanism of all wheels is a side stand which functions when deployed;

[0053] said automatic start-stop control unit restarts said internal combustion engine based on the result of the detection of operation of said clutch sensor in automatic start-stop state by implementing said automatic restart / start-stop process, while putting said internal combustion engine into automatic start-stop state, the operation of said state being stopped, based on the achievement of the automatic start-stop conditions except those of the state of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels;

[0054] said forced stop control unit maintains the stopped state of operation of said internal combustion engine until said internal combustion engine start switch is actuated, and starts said internal combustion engine based on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch, implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine, while forcing the stop of operation of said internal combustion engine if the deployment of said side stand is detected.

[0055] The ground stability mechanism of all wheels of the tilting vehicle Manual transmission according to this embodiment (3) is a side stand. The side stand keeps the body upright when deployed. In other words, the side stand acts as a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels. The side stand ceases its function of keeping the body upright when retracted. In other words, the side stand stops functioning as a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels. Once the side stand is deployed, the internal combustion engine will not start until the internal combustion engine start switch is activated. Once the side stand is deployed, the internal combustion engine will start if the internal combustion engine start switch is activated.

[0056] For this reason, the internal combustion engine of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission according to this embodiment (3) can, once the side stand is deployed, start with a maneuver similar to that of, for example, a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, including when the side stand is subsequently retracted. Therefore, it is possible to start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, even though it has an automatic start-stop system.

[0057] According to one embodiment (4) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle can adopt the following structure:

[0058] (4) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission among those described in (1) to (3);

[0059] said manual transmission tilting vehicle has an accelerator handle which delivers the acceleration request to said manual transmission tilting vehicle when it is operated;

[0060] said automatic stop-start control unit restarts said internal combustion engine if said clutch sensor delivers the result of the maneuver detection, in particular by said clutch sensor, and without said throttle handle emitting said acceleration request, by implementing said automatic restart / stop-start process, while putting said internal combustion engine into an automatic stop-start state, the operation of which is stopped, based on the achievement of the automatic stop-start conditions except those of the state of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism;

[0061] said forced shutdown control unit maintains the stopped state of said internal combustion engine until said internal combustion engine start switch is actuated, and starts said internal combustion engine based on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch, implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine, while forcing the shutdown of said internal combustion engine if the operation of said mechanism Ground stability of all wheels is detected.

[0062] With the tilting vehicle according to this embodiment (4), the internal combustion engine restarts if the clutch sensor delivers the result of the maneuver detection and without any acceleration request being issued by the throttle handle. According to the tilting vehicle with manual transmission (4), it is possible to control the increase in rotational speed after a restart of the internal combustion engine. In other words, it is possible to control the start-up by waiting for the increased rotational speed to decrease. Starting the internal combustion engine and the starting maneuver, including the ability to understand the situation by operating the clutch, are easier.

[0063] According to one embodiment (5) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle can adopt the following structure:

[0064] (5) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission among those described in (l)to(4);

[0065] Said internal combustion engine has a crankcase which contains said crankshaft;

[0066] said alternator-starter is installed inside said casing so that it is lubricated with oil.

[0067] According to the tilting vehicle with manual transmission in this embodiment (5), the alternator-starter is oil-cooled. For this reason, it is possible to omit the installation of cooling fans and fins on the alternator-starter. Furthermore, it is possible to omit the partition that separates the space for the alternator-starter from that of the crankshaft. The alternator-starter tends to be larger than a generator dedicated to the production of electrical power due to its function of driving the crankshaft when starting the internal combustion engine. However, according to the structure (5), the enlargement of the unit containing the generator and the internal combustion engine can be controlled.For this reason, according to structure (5), the alternator-starter can also start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, while controlling the increase in size on a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system.

[0068] According to one embodiment (6) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle can adopt the following structure:

[0069] (6) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission among those described in (1) to (5);

[0070] said control device has a switching element which controls the current flowing in the alternator-starter;

[0071] said alternator-starter has: - a stator core, having notches and several teeth formed alternately in a circumferential direction; - a stator, having a multiphase winding wound around said teeth and supplied with electric current via said switching element and which supplies the generated electric current to the switching element; - and a rotor, having pole pieces next to each other in the circumferential direction by interposing an air gap with said stator and the number of which is greater than two-thirds of the number of slots.

[0072] According to the manual transmission tilting vehicle in this embodiment (6), the angular velocity based on the electrical angular period at which the teeth pass over the pole pairs formed by the pole pieces is, for example, greater than that of a structure having a number of pole pieces equal to or less than two-thirds of the number of slots. For this reason, the winding impedance is greater than that of a structure having, for example, a number of pole pieces equal to or less than two-thirds of the number of slots. For this reason, after the engine restarts, the generated current is controlled by a higher winding impedance in the rotational speed range where the alternator-starter operates as a generator. Consequently, the supply current to the commutator during electricity generation is controlled.For this reason, with the tilting vehicle with manual transmission (6), it is possible to reduce the size of the heat dissipation structure in the control device to a more compact level. Consequently, according to structure (6), the alternator-starter can also start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, while controlling the size increase compared to a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system.

[0073] According to one embodiment (7) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle can adopt the following structure:

[0074] (7) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission among those described in (1) to (6);

[0075] of which said alternator-starter comprises a stator, the position of which is fixed relative to the internal combustion engine and having a winding, and a rotor, having permanent magnets installed relative to said stator by the interposition of an air gap, and installed on said crankshaft in order to be coupled with the rotation of said crankshaft;

[0076] said thermal engine further has a rotor position detection device having a detection winding different from said winding of said stator, which emits to said control device a signal indicating the detection of the position of said rotor when said thermal engine restarts based on the result of the maneuver detection of said clutch sensor or on the manipulation of said thermal engine start switch.

[0077] According to the tilting vehicle with manual transmission according to this mode of In configuration (7), the rotor position detection device emits a signal indicating the detection of the rotor position with a sensing winding. For this reason, the rotor position detection device can operate at higher temperatures than, for example, a Hall effect sensor. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the size of the structure used for the thermal insulation of the unit including the alternator-starter and the internal combustion engine in a more compact manner. Therefore, according to configuration (7), the alternator-starter can also start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, while controlling the size increase compared to a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system.

[0078] According to one embodiment (8) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle may adopt the following structure:

[0079] (8) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission among those described according to embodiments (1) to (7);

[0080] said automatic stop-start control unit restarts said internal combustion engine based on the result of the detection of said clutch sensor, in automatic stop-start state, whether said manual transmission is in neutral or not, by implementing said automatic restart / stop-start process;

[0081] said forced stop control unit maintains the stopped state of operation of said internal combustion engine until at least said internal combustion engine start switch is actuated, and starts the internal combustion engine based on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch at least, by implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine, while forcing the stop of operation of said internal combustion engine if the operation of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism is detected.

[0082] With the tilting vehicle with manual transmission according to this embodiment (8), the internal combustion engine restarts based on the result of the clutch sensor detection, in an automatic stop-start state, whether the manual transmission is in neutral or not. Thus, the tilting vehicle with manual transmission (8) can start with the same maneuver as a vehicle without an automatic stop-start system, for example, once the all-wheel ground stability mechanism is activated, including when the all-wheel ground stability mechanism is subsequently deactivated, while simplifying the maneuver from an automatic stop-start state to the starting of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission.

[0083] According to one embodiment (9) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle can adopt the following structure:

[0084] (9) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission among those described according to embodiments (1) to (8);

[0085] said tilting vehicle with manual transmission includes an automatic start-stop switch which stops said internal combustion engine in response to a manipulation by the driver;

[0086] said control device puts said internal combustion engine into automatic start-stop mode if the movement of said clutch lever is detected by said clutch sensor and said automatic start-stop switch is activated, when said manual transmission is not in neutral position.

[0087] According to the tilting vehicle with manual transmission of this embodiment (9), the engine is stopped if the clutch lever movement is detected by the clutch sensor and the automatic start / stop switch is activated by the driver, when the manual transmission is not in neutral. Therefore, it is possible to control the shutdown of the internal combustion engine when the clutch lever is moved to change gears, for example.

[0088] According to one embodiment (10) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle may adopt the following structure:

[0089] (10) This is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission among those described according to embodiments (1) to (8);

[0090] said automatic stop-start control unit stops said internal combustion engine when the operation of said clutch lever is stopped with the implementation of said automatic restart / stop-start process, if said manual transmission tilt vehicle is stationary and if said manual transmission is in neutral position;

[0091] said forced stop control unit maintains the stopped state of operation of said internal combustion engine until at least said internal combustion engine start switch is actuated, and starts the internal combustion engine based on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch at least, by implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine, while forcing the stop of operation of said internal combustion engine if the operation of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism is detected.

[0092] According to the manual transmission tilting vehicle of this embodiment (10), if the manual transmission tilting vehicle is stationary and the manual transmission is in neutral, the internal combustion engine stops without the clutch lever being operated. Therefore, according to the manual transmission tilting vehicle (10), it is possible to simplify the maneuver for the automatic stop-start state, and to start with the same maneuver as a vehicle without an automatic stop-start system, for example, once the all-wheel ground stability mechanism is functioning, including when the The all-wheel drive system is then deactivated. Therefore, it is possible to start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, provided the all-wheel drive system is functioning, while also offering an automatic start-stop system with simpler operation.

[0093] According to one embodiment (11) of the present invention, the manually transmitted tilting vehicle may adopt the following structure:

[0094] (11) H is a tilting vehicle with manual transmission among those described according to embodiments (1) to (10), having a display device indicating said automatic stop-start state, and the automatic stop-start readiness state in which the readiness conditions allowing the transition to said automatic stop-start state are met;

[0095] said automatic stop-start control unit displays said readiness status on said display device if said automatic stop-start readiness conditions have been met during the operation of said internal combustion engine, and displays said automatic stop-start status if the automatic stop-start conditions, other than those of the status of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism, have been met, by implementing said automatic restart / stop-start process;

[0096] said forced stop control unit forcibly stops the display on said display device if the operation of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism has been detected, by implementing said forced start / stop process.

[0097] According to the manual transmission tilting vehicle of this embodiment (11), the automatic start-stop state, the automatic start-stop readiness state, and other states are indicated differently from one another. This makes it easier to distinguish whether the internal combustion engine is in the automatic start-stop state, in the readiness state, or in a stopped state caused by the operation of the all-wheel drive stability mechanism.

[0098] The technical terms used in this description serve only to define specific examples and are not intended to limit the invention. As used in this description, the term "and / or" includes any combination of one or more of the related listed components. As used in this description, the terms "including," "possessing," "including," "comprising," or "having," and their variations, identify the presence of the described features, processes, operations, elements, components, and / or their equivalents, but may include one or more steps, movements, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. As used in this description, the terms "installed," "connected," " The terms "coupled" and / or their equivalents are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect installation, connection, and coupling. Furthermore, the terms "connected" and "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings and may include direct or indirect electrical connections or couplings. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in this document (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as that generally understood by a person skilled in the art of the invention. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology and this disclosure, and will not be interpreted ideally or overly formally unless explicitly defined herein.In the description of the present invention, it is understood that a number of techniques and methods are disclosed. Each of these techniques has individual advantages, and each can also be used in conjunction with one or more, or even all, of the other disclosed techniques. Therefore, for the sake of clarity, this description avoids unnecessarily repeating all possible combinations of the various steps. Nevertheless, the description and the patent should be read with the understanding that all such combinations fall within the scope of the present invention and the claims.

[0099] A novel tilting vehicle with manual transmission will be described herein. In the following description, by way of illustration, a number of specific details are given to enable a complete understanding of the invention. However, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be carried out without these particular details. This disclosure is to be considered an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention to any specific embodiment shown in the following drawings or explanations.

[0100] The tilting vehicle with manual transmission is designed to be able to make turns while tilted. The tilting vehicle with manual transmission is designed to make turns while tilted inside a curve, for example. In other words, the tilting vehicle with manual transmission is designed to lean about the transverse axis, which intersects the anteroposterior axis (including the direction of travel) and the vertical axis. Thus, the tilting vehicle with manual transmission opposes the centrifugal force applied to the body during a turn. The tilting vehicle with manual transmission should be compact in size to allow for easy leaning into turns. The tilting vehicle with manual transmission generally has a caster effect. For example, the steering system fitted to the tilting vehicle with manual transmission has the The characteristic of tilting in the left or right direction of the tilt is that the vehicle's movement along the transverse axis of the body during driving follows the transfer of the center of gravity due to the tilt. This makes it easier to maintain the stability of a manual transmission tilting vehicle while driving. However, if the manual transmission tilting vehicle is stationary, it cannot remain stable without the operation of a stability device. The manual transmission tilting vehicle has a stability mechanism to keep it upright when stationary. Furthermore, the manual transmission tilting vehicle is designed so that it will not remain upright on its wheels alone, for example, when at least one of the wheel stability mechanisms is not functioning.A tilting vehicle with a manual transmission can be designed so that it does not remain upright on its wheels even when a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels is in operation, for example. In this case, the ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels is, for example, a side stand. Furthermore, a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission can be designed so that it remains upright on its wheels only when, for example, a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels is in operation.

[0101] The manual transmission tilting vehicle includes manual transmission saddle vehicles. A saddle vehicle is a vehicle on which a driver sits by straddling a saddle.

[0102] Examples of tilting vehicles with manual transmission include scooters, mopeds, off-road motorcycles, and road motorcycles. Furthermore, tilting vehicles are not limited to motorcycles and can also include, for example, three-wheeled motor vehicles. A three-wheeled motor vehicle may have two front wheels and one rear wheel, or one front wheel and two rear wheels. The drive wheel of a tilting vehicle with manual transmission may be either the rear or the front wheel.

[0103] Furthermore, what is called a "trike" is a three-wheeled saddle vehicle, but it does not tilt. Moreover, an all-terrain vehicle is a saddle vehicle, but it does not tilt. Therefore, a tilting vehicle with manual transmission does not include either trikes or all-terrain vehicles.

[0104] The "wheels in contact with the ground while driving" include the drive wheels. The "wheels in contact with the ground while driving" may include non-drive wheels. For example, a motorcycle typically has two wheels in contact with the ground while driving. A three-wheeled motor vehicle has three wheels in contact with the ground while driving. The wheels include the drive wheel, which propels the tilting vehicle with power from the internal combustion engine. In addition, all the wheels may be drive wheels.

[0105] “A tilting, manual-transmission vehicle designed not to remain upright A vehicle designed not to remain upright on its wheels alone is one that cannot maintain its balance while stationary unless supported by a stabilizing mechanism other than the wheels or by the driver. A manual transmission tilting vehicle designed not to remain upright on its wheels alone is a manual transmission tilting vehicle that cannot maintain its balance while stationary using only its wheels. For example, a motorcycle typically does not remain upright on only two wheels when stationary. Similarly, a manual transmission tilting vehicle with three or more wheels typically does not remain upright on only three wheels.

[0106] In contrast, a three-wheeled trike, for example, remains upright solely on its three wheels even without support from a stability mechanism other than the wheels or from the driver. The term "manual transmission tilting vehicle designed not to remain upright solely on its wheels" does not include trikes, for example.

[0107] The stability mechanism includes stability mechanisms on all wheels on the ground and stability mechanisms on all wheels not on the ground. Both the all-wheel ground stability mechanism and the all-wheel off-ground stability mechanism can switch between an operating state that stabilizes the body and a non-operating state that does not stabilize the body. The non-operating state is a state in which operation is stopped. The all-wheel ground stability mechanism or the all-wheel off-ground stability mechanism can switch between an operating state and a non-operating state depending on the maneuver.

[0108] The all-wheel, "off-ground" stability mechanism is designed to stabilize the body without at least one wheel of the manually operated tilting vehicle being in contact with the ground. An example of an all-wheel, off-ground stability mechanism is a center stand.

[0109] The all-wheel ground stability mechanism is designed to keep the body upright with all wheels in contact with the ground. An example of an all-wheel ground stability mechanism is a side stand. The center stand is not included in the all-wheel ground stability mechanism. If the side stand functions as the all-wheel ground stability mechanism, the body is supported by all wheels and the all-wheel ground stability mechanism itself, and remains upright.

[0110] The all-wheel ground stability mechanism is not limited to the side stand. The all-wheel ground stability mechanism may be, for example, a tilt-preventing mechanism fitted to tricycles and which operates according to the maneuver. When the tilt-preventing mechanism is in operation, the body is supported only by all wheels on the ground, and Keeps you upright.

[0111] All wheels are in contact with the ground whether the all-wheel ground stability mechanism is in operation or not. For this reason, switching between the operating and non-operating states of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism is possible when all wheels are in contact with the ground. Consequently, operating the all-wheel ground stability mechanism is easier than operating the all-wheel ground stability mechanism.

[0112] In addition, the manual transmission tilting vehicle may include both an all-wheel ground stability mechanism and an all-wheel non-ground stability mechanism, or may include only an all-wheel ground stability mechanism.

[0113] The detection device is designed to detect whether the all-wheel stability mechanism is functioning. If the all-wheel stability mechanism is a side stand, a detection device could be, for example, a side stand position sensor that detects when the side stand is deployed or retracted, or a tilt-lock sensor. Deployment is a state in which the side stand is functioning. Retraction is a non-functional state in which the side stand is not functioning. The side stand is in a functional state when, for example, it is operated by the driver's foot and deployed from its retracted position.

[0114] The heat engine is an internal combustion engine. The heat engine delivers the power produced by the combustion of the gaseous mixture of fuel and air in the form of torque and crankshaft rotation speed.

[0115] The internal combustion engine is, for example, a four-stroke engine. The internal combustion engine has, for example, a high-load zone and a low-load zone during four strokes. However, the internal combustion engine can be a four-stroke engine without a high-load zone or a low-load zone during four strokes. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine can be of a type other than a four-stroke engine.

[0116] The clutch switches the connection and disconnection of power transmission from the crankshaft to the drive wheel. In other words, the clutch switches the power from the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine between a connected and a disconnected state. The clutch switches between a connected and a disconnected state depending on the driver's action. More precisely, the clutch lever is operated directly by the driver. For example, the clutch switches from a connected to a disconnected state depending on the driver's action on the clutch lever.

[0117] Clutch lever operation is an action that moves the clutch from an engaged to a disengaged state. More precisely, when the clutch lever is operated, the clutch engages and moves to the disengaged state. When the clutch lever operation is stopped, the clutch moves to the engaged state. The clutch lever is mounted on the handlebars of the manual transmission tilting vehicle and is operated by the driver's hand. Clutch lever operation consists, for example, of the driver pulling the clutch lever towards the rear of the manual transmission tilting vehicle. The clutch lever operation is stopped, for example, by the driver releasing the force on the clutch lever, or by the driver returning the clutch lever to its forward position by ceasing to pull on it.

[0118] The clutch sensor detects, for example, whether the clutch lever has been operated or not. The clutch sensor detects the movement of the clutch lever by directly detecting its position. The clutch sensor can be installed on the clutch itself, for example, without being specifically limited to a particular shape. The clutch sensor can detect the position of the clutch components that move in conjunction with the movement of the clutch lever.

[0119] The automatic start-stop control unit implements the automatic restart / start-stop process. The automatic restart / start-stop process is a process for automatic start-stop and restart.

[0120] The automatic start-stop control unit puts the internal combustion engine into automatic start-stop mode based on the fulfillment of the automatic start-stop conditions, excluding those related to the state of the all-wheel traction control system. The automatic start-stop control unit puts the internal combustion engine into automatic start-stop mode based, for example, on the fulfillment of predetermined automatic start-stop conditions, excluding those related to the state of the all-wheel traction control system.

[0121] The automatic stop-start of the internal combustion engine corresponds to the cessation of combustion operation of the internal combustion engine upon fulfillment of the automatic stop-start conditions. The automatic stop-start conditions are, for example, one of the following conditions (A) to (E) or several combinations thereof:

[0122] (A) The throttle control opening must be closed or practically closed;

[0123] (B) The manual transmission tilting vehicle must be stationary;

[0124] (C) The clutch lever operation must be stopped while the transmission manual is in neutral;

[0125] (D) The automatic start-stop switch must have been activated;

[0126] (E) The clutch lever must have been operated, without the manual transmission either in neutral.

[0127] The automatic stop-start conditions may include conditions other than those (A) to (E) described above. Furthermore, some of the conditions (A) to (E) may be classified as conditions serving the readiness state enabling automatic stop-start, and another part may be classified as a maneuver stopping the internal combustion engine.

[0128] The restart of the internal combustion engine corresponds to the starting of the internal combustion engine in an automatic stop-start state according to the fulfillment of determined restart conditions.

[0129] Restart conditions include, for example, the operation of the clutch lever. Restart conditions may include conditions other than the operation of the clutch lever. Restart conditions include, for example, the clutch sensor being activated without any acceleration request from the throttle grip being issued.

[0130] The process operates with respect to the input data. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine and the automatic restart / stop-start process each have, as processes, a data input function and a control data output function. Furthermore, each process has a processing stream or data stream. By having a stream, a delay in the operating clock units occurs, for example, after the initialization of the control device, from the input of the first valid data until the output of the data reflecting the input data.

[0131] The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine is implemented independently of the automatic restart / stop-start process. For example, the processing flow of the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine is executed without being affected by the result of the processing in the automatic restart / stop-start process.

[0132] If, for example, the processing flow of the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine in the forced stop control unit changes according to the output content of the automatic restart / stop-start process in the automatic stop-start control unit, it can be said that the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine is not executed independently of the automatic restart / stop-start process.

[0133] For example, if the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine and the automatic restart / stop-start process, independent of each other, are executed as a program, a certain program of the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine does not pass inside the program of the automatic restart / stop-start process with the jump instructions, branch instructions or subroutine instructions only from this program.

[0134] The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine and the automatic restart / stop-start process are implemented, for example, with independent hardware. In other words, the automatic stop-start control unit and the forced stop control unit are designed with independent hardware. For example, the automatic restart / stop-start process is implemented by a computer as an automatic stop-start control unit having a processor and a program.

[0135] For example, the forced stop control unit is implemented with different wired logic than the automatic start-stop control unit. The hardware of the forced stop control unit and the automatic start-stop control unit may be designed with electrical circuitry installed in a different area of ​​the common printed circuit board. In this case, the hardware of the forced stop control unit and that of the automatic start-stop control unit are connected to each other and integrated. In this case, the hardware of the forced stop control unit and that of the automatic start-stop control unit share some components, such as the power supply circuits.

[0136] The hardware configuration of the control device is not particularly limited, and the forced stop control unit can be implemented, for example, as a relay circuit consisting of electromagnetic relays and diodes. Furthermore, for example, the hardware of the forced stop control unit and that of the automatic start-stop control unit can be separate components.

[0137] Furthermore, the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine and the automatic restart / stop-start process can be, for example, independent software processes (tasks) executed with a common processor. Process independence is not limited to hardware independence. For example, a single processor may execute an operating system program that can control several processes. In this case, the operating system program can run the two above processes sequentially as "child processes" by time division or task division. In other words, the automatic stop-start control unit and the forced stop control unit are designed with common hardware, each executing a different program.In this case as well, the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine is independent of the automatic restart / stop-start process. This means that the processing flow of the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine is not affected by the result of the processing in the restart process. Automatic start / stop / start. For example, during the execution of the automatic restart / stop / start process program, the forced start / stop process program for the internal combustion engine is not executed without the intervention of operating system programs such as task switches. Conversely, for example, during the execution of the forced start / stop process program for the internal combustion engine, the automatic restart / stop / start process program is not executed without the intervention of operating system programs.

[0138] The manipulation of the thermal engine start switch corresponds, for example, to the movement of the thermal engine start switch by the driver.

[0139] The internal combustion engine start switch is, for example, a different switch from the one used to start the manual transmission tilting vehicle. The internal combustion engine start switch is, for example, a switch whose sole function is to start the internal combustion engine. For example, even if the clutch lever, when operated to start the manual transmission tilting vehicle, has a function for restarting the internal combustion engine, this clutch lever is not an internal combustion engine start switch. The clutch lever's primary function is to start the manual transmission tilting vehicle.With automatic start-stop, starting is possible regardless of the internal combustion engine's condition, using a manual transmission tilt-away vehicle starting method that also includes an internal combustion engine starting function. However, operating the internal combustion engine starting switch differs from that used for starting the manual transmission tilt-away vehicle.

[0140] The manipulation of the automatic start-stop switch corresponds, for example, to the movement of the automatic start-stop switch by the driver.

[0141] The automatic stop-start switch is a switch that stops the internal combustion engine when it is running in automatic stop-start state.

[0142] Forcing the shutdown of the internal combustion engine means stopping its operation if it is running, and maintaining the stopped state of the internal combustion engine if it is in an automatic start-stop state. In other words, forcing the shutdown of the internal combustion engine means bringing the internal combustion engine to a standstill regardless of its state. The stopped state of the internal combustion engine is a state in which the engine is stopped after its operation has been forcibly halted.

[0143] Maintain the stopped state of the operation of said internal combustion engine until The activation of the engine start switch means that the engine's shutdown state remains in effect until the engine start switch is activated. The engine's shutdown state cannot be lifted except by manipulating the engine start switch. In other words, manipulating the engine start switch should be a prerequisite for lifting the engine's shutdown state. For example, even if the all-wheel drive system is deactivated and the clutch lever is engaged, the engine's shutdown state remains in effect.Maintaining the engine's standstill state until the engine start switch is activated includes, for example, lifting the engine's standstill state by manipulating the engine start switch and combinations of conditions other than this manipulation. In other words, manipulating the engine start switch should be one of the necessary conditions for lifting the engine's standstill state. More precisely, maintaining the engine's standstill state until the engine start switch is activated involves maintaining the engine's standstill state with manipulating the engine start switch as one of the necessary conditions for lifting it.In short, maintaining the stopped state of the internal combustion engine operation until the internal combustion engine start switch is activated corresponds to maintaining the stopped state of the internal combustion engine operation until at least the internal combustion engine start switch is activated.

[0144] Furthermore, starting said internal combustion engine by manipulating the internal combustion engine start switch means that the internal combustion engine will not start until the internal combustion engine start switch is activated. The internal combustion engine will not start except by manipulating the internal combustion engine start switch. In other words, manipulating the internal combustion engine start switch should be one of the necessary conditions for starting the internal combustion engine. In other words, starting said internal combustion engine by manipulating said internal combustion engine start switch corresponds to starting said internal combustion engine with, as one of the necessary conditions, manipulating said internal combustion engine start switch. In short, starting said internal combustion engine by manipulating said internal combustion engine start switch corresponds to starting said internal combustion engine based at least on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch.

[0145] The operation of the internal combustion engine start switch corresponds, for example: (a) to the superposition of two states in time, i.e., the operation of the all-wheel drive system is stopped, and the internal combustion engine start switch is activated. Furthermore, the operation of the internal combustion engine start switch may include, for example: (b) the superposition of three states in time, i.e., the operation of the all-wheel drive system is stopped, the clutch lever is engaged, and the internal combustion engine start switch is activated. Furthermore, the operation of the internal combustion engine start switch may include, for example: (c) the superposition of two states in time, i.e., the manual transmission is in neutral, and the internal combustion engine start switch is activated.Furthermore, manipulating the internal combustion engine start switch corresponds to performing one or more of the following actions from points (a) to (c) described above.

[0146] “The disconnected state of the power transmission from the internal combustion engine to the "drive wheel" corresponds, for example, to the case where the manual transmission is in neutral, or to the case where the clutch is in a state of disconnection from the driving force.

[0147] The tilting vehicle with manual transmission has, for example, a manual transmission that converts the output speed from the internal combustion engine and transmits it to the drive wheel. The manual transmission is a multi-speed gearbox. The manual transmission changes the speed ratio between the internal combustion engine and the drive wheel through several gears, including neutral. The manual transmission is designed to change the gear ratio through several gears depending on the action on the gearshift pedal. The manual transmission is, for example, a multi-speed manual gearbox.

[0148] The driver of a tilting vehicle with a manual transmission can understand the situation simply by operating the clutch lever, without needing to check, for example, the automatic start / stop status indicated on the display. However, the driver can, of course, check the status of the display. In this case, the tilting vehicle with a manual transmission may, for example, use lights as a display. The display may be a device equipped with indicators that change position, or a device that emits sound.

[0149] The rotor has pole pieces whose number is greater than two-thirds the number of slots. For example, the rotor has a higher number of pole pieces than the number of slots. In this case, a higher inductance can be achieved. For example, the rotor has pole pieces whose number is greater than four-thirds the number of slots, or even greater than that number. In this case, a higher inductance can be obtained while controlling the complexity of the control system. However, the rotor may have, for example, a number of pole pieces less than or equal to two-thirds of the number of slots. Effects of the invention

[0150] According to the present invention, it is possible to start the internal combustion engine under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system with regard to the ground stability mechanism of all wheels, while having an automatic start-stop system in the tilting vehicle with manual transmission. Brief description of the drawings

[0151] [Fig. 1] Diagram showing the configuration of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission according to the first embodiment.

[0152] [Fig.2] State transition diagram showing the state transition and hierarchical structure related to the stopping and starting of the internal combustion engine of the manual transmission tilting vehicle illustrated in [Fig.1].

[0153] [Fig.3] Diagram illustrating the display device in the first application example of the manual transmission tilting vehicle of the first embodiment.

[0154] [Fig.4] Diagram illustrating the ground stability mechanism of all wheels in the second application example of the manual transmission tilting vehicle of the first embodiment.

[0155] [Fig.5] Diagram illustrating the summary structure of the internal combustion engine 10 and peripheral devices in the third application example of the manual transmission tilting vehicle 1 of the first embodiment.

[0156] [Fig.6] Flowchart diagram showing the configuration and processes of the control devices of the manually transmitted tilting vehicle according to the second embodiment.

[0157] Forms of implementation of the invention

[0158] The embodiments are explained below with reference to the drawings. First embodiment

[0159] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 according to the first embodiment. Part (a) of Figure 1 is a side view schematically illustrating the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1. Part (b) of Figure 1 is an enlarged diagram showing a part of the manual transmission tilting vehicle 1. Part (c) of [Fig.1] is a flowchart illustrating the processes of the control device 60 of the manual transmission tilting vehicle 1.

[0160] The tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 illustrated in [Fig. 1] is designed to perform turns in a tilted position inside a curve while driving. The tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 is, for example, a motorcycle. The tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 has several wheels 14 and 15, a clutch 25, a clutch lever 122, a clutch sensor 123, a ground stability mechanism for all wheels 101, a sensing device 102, an internal combustion engine 10, a manual transmission 27, an alternator-starter 20, an internal combustion engine start switch 121, and a control device 60.The clutch 25, clutch lever 122, clutch sensor 123, all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101, detection device 102, internal combustion engine 10, manual transmission 27, alternator-starter 20, internal combustion engine start switch, and control device 60 are installed in the body IA. In addition, the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 has a throttle grip 124 and an automatic start / stop switch 125. The internal combustion engine start switch 121 and the throttle grip 124 are mounted on the handlebar 12.

[0161] The manually operated tilting vehicle 1 has two wheels 14 and 15. Wheel 14 is the front wheel. Wheel 15 is the rear wheel. Wheel 15 serves as the drive wheel, propelling the manually operated tilting vehicle 1 with power from the internal combustion engine 10. In other words, wheels 14 and 15 together form the drive wheel. From this point on, wheel 15 will also be referred to as the drive wheel 15. Both wheels 14 and 15 are in contact with the ground. The manually operated tilting vehicle 1 is designed so that it does not remain upright solely on its wheels 14 and 15 when stationary.

[0162] The internal combustion engine 10 delivers the power generated by combustion. The internal combustion engine 10 has a crankshaft 11. The internal combustion engine 10 delivers the power in the form of rotational force from the crankshaft 11.

[0163] The manual transmission 27 changes the speed ratio between the internal combustion engine 10 and the drive wheel 15 in several gears, including neutral, depending on the driver's maneuver.

[0164] The clutch 25 switches between an engaged state, which transmits the rotational force from the crankshaft 11 to the drive wheel 15, and a disengaged state, which interrupts the rotational force, depending on the operation. The clutch 25 operates according to the action on the clutch lever 122. The clutch lever 122 is directly actuated by the driver of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission. 1. More specifically, when the clutch lever 122 is operated, the clutch 25 engages and enters a disengaged state. The operation of the clutch lever 122 is a maneuver that disengages the clutch 25. The operation of the clutch lever 122 consists of the driver pulling the clutch lever 122 towards the rear of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1. Stopping the operation of the clutch lever 122 consists, for example, of the driver releasing the force on the clutch lever 122, or of the clutch lever 122 returning to its forward position by ceasing to pull on it. When the operation of the clutch lever 122 stops, the clutch 25 enters a disengaged state. The clutch sensor 123 detects the operation of the clutch lever 122.

[0165] The start switch of the internal combustion engine 121 is a switch used to start the internal combustion engine 10 according to the driver's input.

[0166] The automatic start-stop switch 125 is a switch used to put the internal combustion engine 10 into an automatic start-stop state based on the driver's actions. If the conditions for automatic start-stop preparation are met, the internal combustion engine 10 stops when the automatic start-stop switch 125 is activated.

[0167] The throttle handle 124 of the internal combustion engine is operated by the driver. The throttle handle 124 sends a request for acceleration to the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 according to the operation. The power output of the internal combustion engine 10 increases as the throttle handle 124 sends a request for acceleration in response to the operation.

[0168] The all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101, when in operation, keeps the body IA of the tilting vehicle 1 with manual transmission stationary. At this moment, all wheels 14 and 15, which were in contact with the ground during driving, are in contact with the ground. The all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101, when not in operation, does not keep the body 1 A on the right.

[0169] The all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is, for example, a side stand. The deployed state of the side stand corresponds to the operating state of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101. The retracted state of the side stand corresponds to the state where the operation of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is stopped, i.e., the non-operating state.

[0170] The detection device 102 detects whether the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is functioning or not. The detection device 102 detects, for example, the deployed state of the side stand as an all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101.

[0171] The alternator-starter 20 drives the crankshaft 11 during the starting of the internal combustion engine 10. Furthermore, the alternator-starter 20 is driven by the crankshaft 11 during combustion of the internal combustion engine 10 and generates electricity. The alternator-starter 20 is connected, for example, to the crankshaft 11 without passing through the clutch mechanism. The alternator-starter 20 rotates, for example, at the speed of the crankshaft 11 and at a fixed ratio. The alternator-starter 20 is, for example, directly connected to the crankshaft 11. However, it is also possible to adopt as the alternator-starter 20 a structure connected to the crankshaft 11 via power transmission components such as gears and chains.

[0172] The tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 includes a display device 51. The display device 51 indicates three states related to automatic start-stop. The first state is the automatic start-stop state of the internal combustion engine 10. The second state is the state where the conditions for preparing for automatic start-stop are met during the operation of the internal combustion engine (automatic start-stop readiness state). The third state indicates another state, that is, a state that is not the automatic start-stop state without the conditions for preparing for automatic start-stop being met.

[0173] The control device 60 controls the operation of the internal combustion engine 10. The control device 60 controls the power from the crankshaft 11 of the internal combustion engine 10 by controlling the combustion operation of the internal combustion engine 10. In addition, the control device 60 has a switching element 65. The switching element 65 controls the current flowing through the alternator-starter 20 by means of an on / off operation. More specifically, the switching element 65 controls the current flowing through the winding 224 (see [Fig. 5]) of the alternator-starter 20. The control device 60 rotates the crankshaft 11 by supplying the switching element 65 with the current intended for the alternator-starter 20. Thus, the control device 60 controls the starting and stopping of the internal combustion engine 10.

[0174] The control device 60 has an automatic start-stop control unit 61 (IS control unit) and a forced stop control unit 62.

[0175] The automatic start-stop control unit 61 implements the automatic restart / start-stop process 61a. The automatic restart / start-stop process 61a is a process that performs the automatic start-stop and restart of the internal combustion engine 10. The automatic restart / start-stop process 61a changes the state of the internal combustion engine 10 to the automatic start-stop state based on the fulfillment of the automatic start-stop conditions, excluding those of the ground stability mechanism state. of all wheels 101. The automatic stop-start state is a state where the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is stopped. The automatic stop-start state is a state that allows the internal combustion engine 10 to be started by an operation other than manipulating the internal combustion engine start switch 121. In addition, the automatic restart / stop-start process 61a restarts the internal combustion engine 10 based on the result of the clutch sensor 123's maneuver detection in the automatic stop-start state.

[0176] The automatic shutdown / startup control unit 61 consists of a computer with a processor and a program, not shown. The automatic restart / shutdown / startup process 61a is a process implemented by the execution of a program.

[0177] The forced stop control unit 62 implements the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a stops and starts the internal combustion engine 10 under conditions different from those of an automatic stop-start and restart. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a is independent of the automatic restart / stop-start process 61a.

[0178] The forced stop control unit 62 of [Fig. 1] is designed with hardwired logic. The forced stop control unit 62 has neither a processor nor a program. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a is a process where input data is processed and output by each logic gate having hardwired logic.

[0179] The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a forces the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 to stop by outputting the forced stop state data. For example, the forced stop state data stops the fuel injection or ignition of the internal combustion engine 10. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a forces the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 to stop if the operation of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is detected. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a starts the internal combustion engine 10 based at least on the manipulation of the internal combustion engine start switch 121. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a maintains the stopped state of the internal combustion engine 10 until at least the internal combustion engine start switch 121 is activated.In other words, the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a starts the internal combustion engine 10 based on the manipulation of the start switch of the internal combustion engine 121. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a maintains the stopped state of the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 until the start switch of the internal combustion engine 121 is actuated.

[0180] Figure 2 is a diagram of the state transition showing the state transition and the Hierarchical structure related to the stopping and starting of the internal combustion engine 10 of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 illustrated in [Fig. 1]. In [Fig. 2], ellipses illustrate each state, arrows indicate state transitions, and rectangles illustrate the operation associated with the transition. Furthermore, the transition conditions are indicated next to the arrows.

[0181] The tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 has various states related to the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 and to braking, not shown. The various states can be divided into groups M1 to M4. A group is composed of states that have transition links between them depending on the conditions.

[0182] The basic control state group M1 of the internal combustion engine 10 relates to the basic start and stop states of the internal combustion engine 10. The basic control state group M1 of the internal combustion engine 10 includes the engine start-up state m1 and the engine stop-start state ml2. When the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is activated, the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is forcibly stopped. The state transitions to the engine stop-start state ml2. In the engine stop-start state ml2, the internal combustion engine 10 starts provided that at least the engine start switch 121 is activated. To start the internal combustion engine 10, conditions other than activating the engine start switch 121 can also be added. And the state transitions to the engine start-up state m1.In the state of authorization for operation of the internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine 10 operates by combustion.

[0183] The state does not transition to the operating state of the internal combustion engine ml 1 if only the operation of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is stopped in the state of the internal combustion engine being unable to operate. In other words, once the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is operating, the state does not transition to the operating state of the internal combustion engine until at least the start switch 121 is activated. For example, once the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is operating, the state does not transition to the operating state of the internal combustion engine ml 1 even if the clutch lever 122 is activated.

[0184] Furthermore, the operating authorization state of the internal combustion engine ml 1 includes the state where the internal combustion engine 10 is not running. In other words, the internal combustion engine 10 may stop in an operating authorization state of the internal combustion engine ml 1 where the all-wheel drive stability mechanism 101 is not functioning. For example, the internal combustion engine 10 may stop due to stalling caused by the synchronization of the clutch lever 122, or due to the ma- Intervention of a stop switch for the internal combustion engine (not shown).

[0185] The automatic start-stop control state group M3 includes the current operating state of the internal combustion engine m31, and the automatic start-stop state m32. When the automatic start-stop conditions are met in the current operating state of the internal combustion engine m31, the internal combustion engine 10 stops. The state transitions to the automatic start-stop state m32.

[0186] The basic control state group M1 of the internal combustion engine 10 and the automatic start-stop control state group M3 are independent of each other. For example, the state of the basic control state group M1 of the internal combustion engine 10 is determined by the state of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 and that of the internal combustion engine start switch 121, and does not depend on the state of the automatic start-stop control state group M3. However, both groups M1 and M3 control the internal combustion engine 10. If the state-dependent control output of group M1 and the state-dependent control output of group M3 are different, the control output of the basic control state group M1 of the internal combustion engine 10 takes precedence.For example, the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is forcibly stopped when the all-wheel drive stability mechanism 101 is activated, regardless of whether the automatic start-stop control unit M3 is in the current operating state of the internal combustion engine m31 or the automatic start-stop state m32. The state in which the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is forced to stop is the state of inoperability of the internal combustion engine ml2. The internal combustion engine 10 will not restart until at least the internal combustion engine start switch 121 is activated. The internal combustion engine 10 will start if at least the internal combustion engine start switch 121 is activated.

[0187] The automatic restart / stop-start process 61a implemented by the automatic stop-start control unit 61 (“IS control unit 61”, “IS” for “Idling Stop” in English) and the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a implemented by the forced stop control unit 62 are explained by referring to part (c) of [Fig.1].

[0188] The automatic stop-start control unit 61 executes the automatic stop-start command and the restart command.

[0189] In the automatic start-stop command, the automatic start-stop control unit 61 distinguishes (SU, S12) between the automatic start-stop state (IS state) and the fulfillment of the automatic start-stop preparation conditions (IS preparation conditions). The automatic start-stop preparation conditions are, for example, the temperature of the internal combustion engine 10 or the temperature of the coolant above a value of reference, or driving above a reference speed since the last start of the internal combustion engine. The condition of the all-wheel drive stability mechanism 101 is not included in the automatic start-stop readiness conditions.

[0190] If the control state is not in the automatic start-stop state (No to SI 1), and if the automatic start-stop readiness conditions are met (Yes to S12), the automatic start-stop control unit 61 switches the control state to the automatic start-stop readiness state (readiness state IS; S13). Furthermore, the automatic start-stop control unit 61 displays the status of the met automatic start-stop readiness conditions on the display device 51.

[0191] If the control state is in the automatic start-stop readiness state, and an automatic start-stop operation is initiated (Yes to S14), the automatic start-stop control unit 61 shuts down the internal combustion engine (EG10; S15). The automatic start-stop operation is a request to perform the automatic start-stop by a driver maneuver. The automatic start-stop operation is, for example, one operation among (A) to (E) or several combinations thereof:

[0192] (A) The throttle handle 124 must not issue a request for acceleration;

[0193] (B) The manual transmission tilting vehicle 1 must be stationary;

[0194] (C) The operation of the clutch lever 122 must be stopped while the manual transmission 30 (see [Fig.5]) is in neutral;

[0195] (D) The automatic start / stop switch 125 must have been activated

[0196] (E) The clutch lever 122 must have been operated, without the transmission manual 30 or in neutral.

[0197] The state of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels 101 is not included in the automatic stop-start operation.

[0198] For example, the automatic stop-start operation is a combination of conditions (A), (B) and (C). In the case of this combination, the internal combustion engine 10 does not stop when the clutch lever 122 is operated to change the gear ratio.

[0199] It is also possible to adopt the combination of conditions (A), (B), (D), and (E) as the automatic stop-start operation. The conditions for preparing for automatic stop-start in this case are that the manual transmission 30 must not be in neutral. In this combination, the operation of the manual transmission 30 is simplified.

[0200] It is also possible to adopt the realization of a combination of conditions from among the combination (A), (B) and (C) or the combination (A), (B) and (D) as conditions for preparing for automatic start-stop.

[0201] The automatic start-stop control unit 61 switches the control state to the automatic start-stop state when the internal combustion engine 10 is stopped. The automatic start-stop control unit 61 displays the automatic start-stop state on the display device 51.

[0202] In the restart command, the automatic stop-start control unit 61 distinguishes (S21, S22, S23) between the automatic stop-start state (IS state), the fulfillment of the conditions for restart readiness, and the operation of the clutch 25. The conditions for restart readiness are, for example, the emission of an acceleration request by the throttle handle 124. Thus, it is possible to control the sudden increase in rotational speed that occurs after the restart of the internal combustion engine 10. That is to say, if the conditions for restart readiness in the automatic stop-start state are met and the clutch 25 is operated (Yes to S21, Yes to S22, Yes to S23), the automatic stop-start control unit 61 emits a request to restart the internal combustion engine (S24). The automatic start-stop control unit 61 terminates the automatic start-stop state (S25).In other words, the automatic start-stop control unit 61 makes the control state operational. Furthermore, the automatic start-stop control unit 61 stops the display of the automatic start-stop state on the display device 51. The automatic start-stop control unit 61 displays on the display device 51 a state that is not the automatic start-stop state and where the conditions for enabling automatic start-stop are not met.

[0203] The automatic start-stop control unit 61 restarts based on the clutch operation 25, either when the manual transmission 30 (see [Fig. 5]) is in neutral or when it is not in neutral. This simplifies the maneuver from the automatic start-stop state to starting.

[0204] The forced stop control unit 62 consists of a hardwired logic circuit. The forced stop control unit 62 has a stop state hold device 625 that stores and outputs the forced stop state data. When the forced stop state data is output, the combustion of the internal combustion engine 10 stops. The stop state hold device 625 consists, for example, of a flip-flop.

[0205] The stop-holding status device 625 outputs the forced stop status data when the internal combustion engine is not stopped and the all-wheel drive stability mechanism 101 is operating. The stop-holding status device 625 retains the forced stop status data until at least the all-wheel drive stability mechanism 101 ceases to operate and the clutch lever 122 is actuated. The forced stop control unit 62 displays on the display device 51 a state which is not the automatic stop-start state and without the automatic stop-start preparation conditions being met, while the forced stop state data are retained.

[0206] It is necessary that at least the start switch of the internal combustion engine 121 be activated in order for the stop state holding device 625, outputting data from the forced stop state, to stop outputting data from the forced stop state and then stop the internal combustion engine 10.

[0207] More specifically, the forced stop control unit 62 maintains the output of the forced stop state data until the internal combustion engine start switch 121 is activated while the power transmission from the internal combustion engine 10 to the drive wheel 15 is cut off. The stopped state of the internal combustion engine 10 is thus maintained. The forced stop control unit 62 ceases to output the forced stop state data if the power transmission from the internal combustion engine 10 to the drive wheel 15 is cut off and the internal combustion engine start switch 121 is activated. At that time, the forced stop control unit also outputs the starting data of the internal combustion engine 10 (EG start).

[0208] More specifically, it is necessary that one of the conditions (a) and (b) be met, for example, for the standstill state device 625 to stop the forced standstill state data output and then start the internal combustion engine 10. Condition (a) corresponds to the standstill of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101, and the operation of the clutch lever 122, and the manipulation of the internal combustion engine start switch 121. Condition (b) corresponds to the manual transmission 30 being in neutral and the manipulation of the internal combustion engine start switch 121.

[0209] For example, the forced stop control unit, which outputs the forced stop state data, outputs the start data of the internal combustion engine 10 if the operation of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels 101 is stopped, and the clutch lever 122 is operated, and the start switch of the internal combustion engine 121 is activated.

[0210] If the stop state holding device 625 stops outputting forced stop state data, the internal combustion engine 10 starts when there is a request to restart the internal combustion engine 10. The internal combustion engine 10 restarts. Conversely, if the stop state holding device 625 outputs forced stop state data, the internal combustion engine 10 does not start even if there is a request to restart the internal combustion engine 10. The shutdown command for the internal combustion engine 10 caused by the forced stop control unit 62 thus takes precedence.

[0211] As described previously, the forced stop control unit 62 implements the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a. In the process of forced start / stop of the internal combustion engine 62a, the forced stop control unit 62 stops the internal combustion engine 10 under conditions different from those of the automatic stop-start, and starts the internal combustion engine 10 under conditions different from those of a restart.

[0212] In this way, the forced stop control unit 62 implements the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a independently of the automatic restart / stop-start process 61a.

[0213] The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a is independent of the automatic restart / stop-start process 61a. Therefore, the internal combustion engine 10 enters an automatic stop-start state based on conditions other than those of the all-wheel drive system 101. Conversely, the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a can force the internal combustion engine 10 to stop operating based on the operation of the all-wheel drive system 101. Furthermore, it is possible to maintain the stopped state of the internal combustion engine 10 until at least the internal combustion engine start switch 121 is activated. Consequently, once the all-wheel drive system 101 is operating, the internal combustion engine 10 will not start by operating the clutch lever 122.More specifically, once the all-wheel drive system 101 is functioning, the internal combustion engine 10 will not start by operating the clutch lever 122, even if the all-wheel drive system 101 subsequently ceases to function. The internal combustion engine 10 will not start until at least the internal combustion engine start switch 121 is activated, once the all-wheel drive system 101 is functioning. In other words, the internal combustion engine 10 starts based at least on the operation of the internal combustion engine start switch 121, once the all-wheel drive system 101 is functioning.

[0214] Once the all-wheel drive stability mechanism 101 is functioning, the internal combustion engine 10 of the manually operated tilting vehicle 1 can then, for example, start in the same way as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, even when the operation of the all-wheel drive stability mechanism 101 is stopped. Therefore, it is possible to start the internal combustion engine 10 under the same conditions as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, even though it has an automatic start-stop system.

[0215] Furthermore, the resistance of the drive wheel 15 is controlled during the starting of the internal combustion engine 10 by starting the internal combustion engine 10 when the transmission of The power of the internal combustion engine 10 to the drive wheel 15 is cut off in the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1. Therefore, it is possible to start the internal combustion engine 10 in a short period of time.

[0216] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the display device 51 in the first application example of the manually operated tilting vehicle 1 of the first embodiment. The different parts of the manually operated tilting vehicle 1 of the first embodiment will be explained by way of illustration of this application example. Common parts either have the same legend in the figures, or their illustrations and explanations are omitted.

[0217] The display device 51 illustrated in [Fig. 3] shows the automatic start-stop state, the state where the conditions for preparing for automatic start-stop are met, and another state. The display device 51 is an indicator lamp. The display device 51 is an indicator lamp installed on the speedometer 50. The display device 51 shows, for example, a particular mark when it illuminates. However, it is possible to adopt a configuration for the display device 51 that illuminates a simple light without, for example, displaying a particular mark.

[0218] The display device 51 indicates, for example by illuminating, that the conditions for preparing for automatic start-stop are met while the internal combustion engine 10 is running. The display device 51 shows, for example, the automatic start-stop state by flashing. The display device 51 indicates another state, which is not the automatic start-stop state and without the conditions for preparing for automatic start-stop being met, for example by turning off.

[0219] According to an example of the control of the control device 60 illustrated in the first embodiment, the display device 51 illuminates when the automatic start-stop is being prepared by fulfilling the conditions for automatic start-stop preparation while the internal combustion engine 10 is running. The display device 51 flashes when the internal combustion engine 10 enters the automatic start-stop state according to the driver's action. The display device 51 turns off when the internal combustion engine 10 restarts, having fulfilled the restart conditions.

[0220] The display device 51 switches off when the operation of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is detected. In other words, when the operation of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is detected, the internal combustion engine 10 does not run and the display device 51 switches off. Once the operation of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is detected, the internal combustion engine 10 starts with at least one operation of the internal combustion engine start switch, and then the display device switches off. not until the conditions for preparing for automatic stop-start are met.

[0221] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 in the second application example of the manual-drive tilting vehicle 1 of the first embodiment. Part (a) of Figure 4 shows the storage of the side stand as the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101. Part (b) of Figure 4 shows the deployment of the side stand. The different parts of the manual-drive tilting vehicle 1 of the first embodiment will be explained by way of illustration of this application example. Common parts either have the same legend in the figures, or their illustrations and explanations are omitted.

[0222] The all-wheel ground stabilization mechanism 101 is a side stand. The side stand, as the all-wheel ground stabilization mechanism 101, is installed on the body IA of the manual-transmission tilting vehicle 1. The side stand, as the all-wheel ground stabilization mechanism 101, is deployed or retracted by the driver's maneuvering force. The side stand, as the all-wheel ground stabilization mechanism 101, functions when deployed, as shown in part (b) of [Fig. 4]. In other words, it keeps the manual-transmission tilting vehicle 1 upright when wheels 14 and 15 are on the ground, by supporting the manual-transmission tilting vehicle 1 relative to the ground.

[0223] The side stand, acting as a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels 101, ceases its operation when stowed away as shown in part (a) of [Fig. 4]. In other words, the ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels 101 enters a non-operational state. The ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels 101 has a detection device 102. The detection device 102 detects the state of the ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels 101 and transmits the detection result data to the control device 60. The detection device 102 transmits the operating data to the control device 60, indicating, for example, that the ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels 101 is in an operational state.

[0224] When the side stand 101, used as a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels, is deployed, the internal combustion engine 10 of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 can, for example, start in the same way as a vehicle without an automatic start-stop system, even when it is subsequently retracted. In other words, the internal combustion engine 10 starts when the side stand 101, used as a ground stabilization mechanism for all wheels, is retracted and the internal combustion engine start switch 121 is activated.

[0225] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the basic structure of the internal combustion engine 10 and Peripheral devices are shown in the third application example of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 of the first embodiment. Part (a) of [Fig. 5] is a side view of the internal combustion engine 10, the alternator-starter 20, and the manual transmission 30. Part (b) of [Fig. 5] is a cross-sectional view along line XX of [Fig. 5] (a). Part (c) of [Fig. 5] is a cross-sectional view of the alternator-starter 20. The different parts of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 of the first embodiment will be explained by way of illustration of this application example. Common parts either have the same legend in the figures, or their illustrations and explanations are omitted.

[0226] The internal combustion engine 10 of the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1 of this embodiment has a housing 17 that accommodates the crankshaft 11. The alternator-starter 20 is installed inside the housing 17. In other words, the space where the alternator-starter is located and the space where the crankshaft 11 is located are connected. The two spaces are not separated. The alternator-starter 20 and the crankshaft 11 are lubricated with oil 18.

[0227] The alternator-starter 20 is cooled by the oil 18. For this reason, the cooling fans and fins on the alternator-starter 20 are omitted. In addition, the partition between the space for mounting the alternator-starter 20 and that of the crankshaft 11 is also omitted.

[0228] The alternator-starter 20 is used to drive the crankshaft 11 when starting the internal combustion engine 10. For this reason, the alternator-starter 20 is likely to be larger than, for example, a generator dedicated to power production. Nevertheless, the increase in size of the unit 4, which includes the alternator-starter 20 and the internal combustion engine 10 in the tilting vehicle with manual transmission 1, is manageable.

[0229] The alternator-starter 20 is driven by the current supplied via the switching element 65 installed on the control device 60. The rotational resistance of the alternator-starter 20 is controlled by the lubrication of the oil 18. For this reason, the supply current to the switching element 65 during the restart of the internal combustion engine 10 is controlled. Consequently, the heat generation of the switching element 65 is also controlled. For this reason, it is possible to simplify the thermal insulation structure of the control device 60. This means that the size of the control device 60 can be reduced.

[0230] The alternator-starter 20 has a stator 22 and a rotor 23. The stator 22 has a stator core 223 and a multiphase winding 224. The stator core 223 has slots 221 and several teeth 222 formed alternately in a circumferential direction. The winding 224 is wound on the teeth 222. Current is supplied to winding 224 via switching element 65. In addition, winding 224 supplies the generated current to switching element 65.

[0231] The rotor 23 of the alternator-starter 20 is installed on the crankshaft 11 in order to be coupled with the rotation of the crankshaft 11. The rotor 23 has pole pieces 232 placed side by side in the circumferential direction with an air gap interposed with the stator 22 and whose number is greater than two-thirds of the number of notches 221. The pole pieces 232 are composed of permanent magnets 231.

[0232] The angular velocity based on the electrical angular period in the alternator-starter 20 is greater than that of a structure having, for example, a number of pole pieces 232 equal to or less than two-thirds of the number of slots 221. The electrical angle is the angle at which the teeth 222 pass through a pair of poles over 360 degrees. The angular velocity based on the electrical angular period is the angular velocity of the electrical angle at which the teeth 222 cross the pole pairs formed with pole pieces 232. The inductance of the winding 224 in the alternator-starter 20 is greater than that of a structure having, for example, a number of pole pieces 232 equal to or less than two-thirds of the number of slots 221. For this reason, after the restart of the heat engine 10, the generated current is controlled by a larger inductance of the winding 224 in the rotational speed range where the alternator-starter 20 operates as a generator.Therefore, the supply current to the switching element 65 during electricity generation is controlled. It is possible to reduce the size of the structure used for heat dissipation to a more compact level.

[0233] The internal combustion engine 10 further has a rotor position detection device 24. The rotor position detection device 24 has a sensing winding 241 that is different from the stator winding 224 of the stator 22. The rotor position detection device 24 sends a signal to the control device 60 indicating the detection of the rotor position 23 when the internal combustion engine 10 is started with a low gear in the manual transmission 30. The sensing winding 241 detects the position of the rotor 23 by magnetic action. The sensing winding 241 can operate at higher temperatures than, for example, a Hall effect sensor. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the size of the heat dissipation structure inside the housing 17 and to reduce the size of the housing 17. Second embodiment

[0234] Figure 6 is a flowchart diagram showing the configuration and processes of the control device 260 of the manually operated tilting vehicle 1 according to the second embodiment. In this embodiment, the parts common to the first embodiment either have the same legend in the figures, or their illustrations and explanations are omitted. The device Command 260 illustrated in the second embodiment can be applied to the first, second and third application examples described above.

[0235] In the present embodiment, the forced stop control unit 262 of the control device 260 consists of a computer with a processor and a program, not shown.

[0236] The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 262a, implemented by the control device 260, is carried out by the execution of a program. These points differ from the first embodiment. The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 262a in the present embodiment is implemented by the sequential execution of a program with a processor. For this reason, there may be a slight time lag in the signal output compared to the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a (see [Fig. 1]) in the first embodiment. However, this output time lag is negligible for control synchronization. Therefore, in terms of actual control, it can also be said that the output synchronization coincides.

[0237] The content of the control processing for the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 262a is identical to that of the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 62a in the first embodiment (see [Fig. 1]). In other words, the forced stop control unit 262 receives the same signal as the forced stop control unit 62 (see [Fig. 1]), and outputs the same signal as the forced stop control unit 62. Furthermore, similarly to the first embodiment, the forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 262a in this embodiment is a process independent of the automatic restart / stop-start process 61a.

[0238] The forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 262a has a forced stop control and a return control.

[0239] In the forced stop command, the forced stop control unit 262 determines whether the current state is a forced stop state or not (S31). In addition, the forced stop control unit 262 determines the operation of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels 101.

[0240] If the current state is not a forced stop state (No to S31) and the all-wheel ground stability mechanism 101 is functioning (Yes to S32), the forced stop control unit 262 switches the state to a forced stop state (S33). The forced stop control unit 262 then shuts down the internal combustion engine (Stop EG S34). The operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is thus forced to a standstill.

[0241] In the return command, the forced stop control unit 262 determines whether the current state is a forced stop state or not (S41). If the current state is the forced stop state (Yes to S41), the forced stop control unit 262 determines whether the internal combustion engine start switch 121 ("SW start EG 121", "SW" for "Switch") is activated. English and "EG" for "Engine" in English) has been activated or not (S42). If the start switch of the internal combustion engine 121 is activated (Yes to S42) and in addition the manual transmission 30 is in neutral (N; Yes to S43), the forced stop control unit 262 starts the internal combustion engine 10 (S46).

[0242] If the current state is not the forced stop state (No to S41), the forced stop control unit 262 performs an operation in response to a restart request (S48). If the current state is the forced stop state (Yes to S41), the command from the forced stop control unit 262 is ignored. The shutdown command for the internal combustion engine 10 triggered by the forced stop control unit 262 thus takes precedence.

[0243] Even if the manual transmission 30 is in gear and not in neutral (N; No in S43), the forced stop control unit 262 starts the internal combustion engine 10 (S46) if the following conditions are met. These conditions are the cessation of operation of the all-wheel drive stability mechanism 101 (Yes in S44) and the detection of the clutch lever movement 122 (Yes in S45).

[0244] The forced stop control unit 262 terminates the forced stop state (S47) with the start of the internal combustion engine 10.

[0245] Legend 1: Manual transmission tilting vehicle AI: Bodywork 10: Internal Combustion Engine 11: Crankshaft 14: Wheel 15: Wheel (Drive wheel) 17: Carter 18: Oil 20: Altemo-starter 22: Stator 23: Rotor 24: Rotor position detection device 25: Clutch 30: Manual transmission 51: Display device 60, 260: Control device 61: Automatic start-stop control unit 61a: Automatic restart / shutdown / startup process 62: Forced Stop Control Unit 62a: Forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine 65: Switching element All-wheel ground stability mechanism Detection device Internal combustion engine start switch Clutch lever Clutch sensor Throttle grip Tooth Stator core Winding Fleece garment Detection winding Control device Forced stop control device Forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine

Claims

Demands

1. A manual transmission tilting vehicle (1) configured so as not to remain upright by means of only its wheels that are in contact with the ground while driving, said manual transmission tilting vehicle (1) having: a plurality of wheels (14, 15) including a drive wheel (15) that drives said manual transmission tilting vehicle, an all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101) configured to, on the one hand, keep the body (IA) upright with said wheels (14, 15) in contact with the ground when it is operating, and on the other hand, not keep the body (IA) upright when it is not operating, a detection device (102) that detects whether the all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101) is operating or not, an internal combustion engine (10) that has a crankshaft (11) and that delivers the power generated by combustion via said crankshaft,a manual transmission (30) changing the speed ratio between said crankshaft (11) and said drive wheel (15) through several gears, including neutral, a clutch lever (122) that operates the clutch (25) according to the driver's input, a clutch sensor (123) that detects the operation of said clutch (25), an alternator-starter (20) that drives said crankshaft (11) during the starting of said internal combustion engine (10), which is driven by said crankshaft (11) during the combustion of said internal combustion engine (10), and which generates electricity, a starter switch (121) for the internal combustion engine to start said internal combustion engine (10) according to the driver's input, and a control device (60, 260) that controls the operation of said internal combustion engine (10) and said alternator-starter (20), said tilting vehicle with manual transmission has the following characteristics:, - said control device has: an automatic start-stop control unit (61), which implements an automatic restart / start-stop process (61a) for the automatic restart and start-stop of said motor thermal, a forced stop control unit (62) which implements a forced start / stop process of the thermal engine (62a) for stopping and starting said thermal engine; - said automatic start-stop control unit (61) implementing said automatic restart / start-stop process (61a) such that the automatic start-stop control unit (61) puts said internal combustion engine (10) into an automatic start-stop state, a state in which the operation of the internal combustion engine (10) is stopped, based on the achievement of the automatic start-stop conditions except those of the state of the ground stability mechanism of all wheels (101), and restarts said internal combustion engine based on the result of the maneuver detection of said clutch sensor (123) into an automatic start-stop state; - said forced stop control unit (62) implements said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine (62a) as a process independent of said automatic restart / stop-start process (61a) such that the forced stop control unit (62): forcibly stops the operation of said internal combustion engine if the operation of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101) has been detected, maintains the stopped state of the operation of said internal combustion engine until said internal combustion engine start switch (121) is actuated without starting said internal combustion engine according to the result of the operation detection of said clutch sensor (123), and starts said internal combustion engine based on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch (121).

2. The manual transmission tilting vehicle (1) according to claim 1, said forced stop control unit (62) implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine (62a) such that the forced stop control unit (62): forces the shutdown of said internal combustion engine (10) if the operation of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101) has been detected, and maintains the shutdown of the internal combustion engine (10) until the said internal combustion engine start switch (121) is activated when the power transmission from said engine thermal (10) to said drive wheel (15) is cut off, and starts said thermal engine (10) based on the simultaneous realization of the stopping of said ground stability mechanism of all wheels (101) when the transmission of power from said thermal engine (10) to said drive wheel (15) is cut off on the one hand, and the manipulation of the start switch (121) of the thermal engine on the other hand.

3. The manual transmission tilting vehicle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101) is a side stand which functions when deployed, said automatic start-stop control unit (61) implementing said automatic restart / start-stop process (61a) such that the automatic start-stop control unit (61) puts said internal combustion engine (10) into an automatic start-stop state, a state in which the operation of the internal combustion engine (10) is stopped, based on the fulfillment of the automatic start-stop conditions except those of the state of the all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101), and restarts said internal combustion engine (10) based on the result of the maneuver detection of said clutch sensor (123) into an automatic start-stop state;said forced stop control unit (62) implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine such that the forced stop control unit (62) forces the shutdown of said internal combustion engine (10) if the deployment of said side stand is detected, and maintains the stopped state of said internal combustion engine (10) until said internal combustion engine start switch (121) is actuated, and starts said internal combustion engine (10) based on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch (121).

4. The manual transmission tilting vehicle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, said manual transmission tilting vehicle having a throttle handle (124) which delivers the acceleration request to said manual transmission tilting vehicle when actuated; said automatic start-stop control unit (61) implementing said automatic start / stop process (61a) such that the automatic start-stop control unit (61) puts the internal combustion engine (10) into an automatic stop-start state, a state in which the operation of the internal combustion engine (10) is stopped, based on the fulfillment of the automatic stop-start conditions except those of the state of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101), and restarts said internal combustion engine (10) if said clutch sensor (123) delivers the result of the maneuver detection and without said throttle handle (124) emitting said acceleration request;said forced stop control unit (62) implementing said forced start / stop process of the internal combustion engine (62a) such that the forced stop control unit (62) forces the operation of said internal combustion engine (10) to stop if the operation of said all-wheel ground stability mechanism (101) is detected, and maintains the stopped state of operation of said internal combustion engine (10) until said internal combustion engine start switch (121) is actuated, and starts said internal combustion engine (10) based on the manipulation of said internal combustion engine start switch (121).

5. The tilting vehicle with manual transmission (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said internal combustion engine (10) has a casing (17) which contains said crankshaft (11); said alternator-starter (20) is installed inside said casing (17) so that it is lubricated with oil (18).

6. The tilting vehicle with manual transmission (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said control device (60, 260) has a switching element (65) that controls the current flowing in the alternator-starter (20); said alternator-starter (20) has: - a stator core (223), having slots and several teeth (222) formed alternately in a circumferential direction; - a stator (22), having a multiphase winding wound around said teeth (222) and supplied with electric current via said switching element (65) and which supplies the generated electric current to the switching element (65); - and a rotor (23), having pole pieces (232) side by side in the circumferential direction with an air gap interposed with said stator (22), and the number of which is greater than two-thirds of the

7. number of notches. The tilting vehicle with manual transmission (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, of which said alternator-starter (20) comprises a stator (22), the position of which is fixed relative to the internal combustion engine (10) and having a winding, and a rotor (23), having permanent magnets installed relative to said stator (22) by the interposition of an air gap, and installed on said crankshaft (11) in order to be coupled with the rotation of said crankshaft; said internal combustion engine (10) further has a rotor position detection device (24) having a detection winding (241) different from said winding of said stator (22), which emits to said control device (60, 260) a signal indicating the detection of the position of said rotor (23) when said internal combustion engine (10) restarts based on the result of the maneuver detection of said clutch sensor (123) or on the manipulation of said starting switch (121) of the internal combustion engine.

Images