LIGHT-ABSORBENT VEHICLE GLAZING WITH SUCH LIGHT-ABSORBENT GLAZING AND ITS MANUFACTURE

Abstract

The invention relates to a luminous laminated vehicle glazing with an optical insulating layer forming all or part of the lamination interlayer. Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Illuminated vehicle glazing with such luminous glazing and its manufacture

[0001] The present invention relates to a luminous glazing, for vehicles, in particular a road vehicle glazing with light-emitting diodes.

[0002] Light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, have been used for several years to illuminate signaling devices (signal lights, etc.), turn signals, and position lights on motor vehicles. The advantages of LEDs are their long lifespan, luminous efficacy, robustness, low energy consumption, and compact size, making the equipment using them more durable and requiring less maintenance.

[0003] More recently, light-emitting diodes have been used for automotive roofs, in particular panoramic laminated roofs with LED lighting as described in the document. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced edge-on into the inner glazing, which acts as a guide, and the light is extracted from the glazing by a diffusing layer on the glazing.

[0004] To improve light extraction, document WO2008059170 proposes a car roof incorporating an optical insulating layer in the form of a 400nm porous silica sol gel layer between the interlayer of tinted thermoplastic laminate and the internal light-guide glass.

[0005] The present invention therefore sought to develop an alternative luminous vehicle glazing.

[0006] To this end, the present invention relates to a luminous glazing for vehicles, particularly road vehicles (cars, trucks, public transport: buses, coaches, etc.) or railway vehicles (trains, subways, trams), preferably curved, in particular a windshield, or even a rear window, or a side window, preferably a roof, comprising laminated (curved) glazing - transparent at least in one part of the glass area - comprising:

[0007] - a first sheet (curved, convex, transparent), made of mineral glass or organic, possibly tinted, particularly gray or green, with a first main face and a second main face, either bare or coated with a functional (transparent) coating, particularly of no more than 200 nm, the first layer preferably being mineral glass, especially if intended to be the outer layer (particularly the first face facing outwards from the vehicle and even being the outermost face, often called face Fl, and the second face being face F2), or the second layer intended to be the inner layer, possibly tempered, for road glazing with a thickness preferably of no more than 2.5 mm, or even no more than 2.2 mm - particularly 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm - and even with a thickness of at least 0.7mm, for example with a refractive index nv of at least 1.5 in the visible

[0008] - a second sheet (curved, convex, transparent), made of mineral glass or organic, preferably extra-clear, with a refractive index n0 of at least 1.5 in the visible range, with a third main face and a fourth main face preferably bare or coated with a functional (transparent) coating of no more than 200nm, second sheet preferably of mineral glass, in particular mineral glass possibly tempered if intended to be the outer sheet, in particular third face facing outwards often called face F3 of the vehicle and fourth face towards the passenger compartment called face F4), or alternatively second sheet intended to be the inner sheet, in particular with a thickness of at least 0.7mm (to promote light guidance), possibly less than that of the first glass sheet if second sheet intended to be the inner sheet, even by no more than 2.2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm- or even by no more than 1.3mm or by no more than 1mm,the total thickness of the first and second panes of glass preferably being strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, even 3.7 mm, the first and second panes being in particular substantially the same size, for example, generally rectangular in shape, the first pane (if external) may be larger than the second pane (if internal), thus exceeding the second pane on at least part of its perimeter, possibly the second pane (on the passenger compartment side) being smaller with an edge recessed by a maximum of 10 or 5 cm from the edge of the first pane of glass, on one or more edges (longitudinal and / or lateral) or around the entire perimeter, particularly useful when the second pane is optically coupled by its peripheral edge to a light source.

[0009] - a polymer laminate interlayer (transparent) in adhesive contact with the third face bare or covered, and with the second face bare or covered,

[0010] preferably at least one of the first and second sheets of glass intended to be the outer glazing is made of mineral glass

[0011] the thickness of the layer(s) between the second and third faces being preferably at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm and in particular the thickness E0 of the lamination interlayer (of one or more thermoplastic adhesive layers and / or crosslinked polymer) being at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, at least in the guiding zone

[0012] the thickness between the first face and the fourth face being preferably at most 9mm or 7mm, particularly for a road vehicle,

[0013] - (preferably on the third side, bare or coated) between the second side and the third face, an optical insulating layer (transparent), optically isolating the second sheet from the first sheet (in particular tinted) - and / or from a possibly tinted part of the lamination interlayer - having a refractive index neither in the visible with nO-nl of at least 0.04 in the visible and even of at least 0.1, optical insulating layer of thickness of at least 500nm and better of at least 800nm ​​and even Ipm or 30pm or 300pm.

[0014] The glazing preferably includes a light source (peripheral, preferably offset from the clear glass) optically coupled with the second sheet forming (all or part) a light guide. The light source may be removable, added, sold separately, or as a kit. The glazing preferably also includes means for extracting guided light within the light guide. The extraction means may be temporary (removable stickers) and therefore added or replaced, particularly on the fourth surface, or permanent, particularly on the third surface.

[0015] Naturally, the second sheet is an operational light guide once their assembly of the light source and extraction means.

[0016] The optical insulating layer according to the invention is an adhesive layer made of crosslinked polymer material, forming all or part of the lamination interlayer.

[0017] The invention lies in the choice of a transparent adhesive layer for the optical insulating layer, thus adhering to the glass sheets and / or to other interlayers if necessary, depending on its mechanical performance and its adhesion capacity to the sheets. The optical insulating layer is preferably a single layer for simplicity, or even a multilayer cross-linked polymer (all low index). A low refractive index coating (with np between n0 and ni or equal to ni) can be used between the optical insulating layer and the third surface as a primary adhesion layer, or a porous (nanoporous) silica layer. Preferably, the optical insulating layer is on the bare third surface, or even on a transparent coating (for example, with a refractive index greater than n0) if necessary.

[0018] The optical insulating layer preferably extends at least over a so-called guiding area in the guide which is between a light injection area in the guide and a light extraction area of ​​the guide and even covering the light extraction area by being closer to the second face than the light extraction means (within the second sheet or in contact with the third face or the fourth face, on the third face or the fourth face on a face of an adhesive or non-adhesive thermoplastic film such as a PVB or PET oriented towards the third face).

[0019] The outer edge or edge of the optical insulating layer and even of the lamination interlayer, can be offset from the clear glass, in particular optical insulating layer extending under an internal peripheral masking layer between the second face and the optical insulating layer.

[0020] The optical insulating layer can be combined with one or more other thermoplastic and / or crosslinked polymer adhesive layers, while retaining an interlayer. more compact, mechanically efficient, and as transparent as possible.

[0021] The optical insulating layer is an optically clear adhesive (OCA, or LOCA if liquid) with a low refractive index. It can be a monolayer, which is a self-supporting film or a coating on the second or third surface (bare or coated) or on a substrate (for example, a thermoplastic with a higher refractive index, particularly a non-adhesive one). It can also be a multilayer (multi-deposits or a film and a coating) as detailed later. If sufficiently thick, a so-called upper fraction of the optical insulating layer's thickness (the portion furthest from the third surface) serves primarily for adhesion and glazing cohesion.

[0022] In the present invention, the expression cross-linked polymer refers to the family of thermosetting polymers in the broad sense.

[0023] In the present invention, the expression tempered glass means thermally tempered glass in the absence of any further specification, and preferably tempered glass during a glass bending operation.

[0024] Preferably the refractive index of any layer according to the invention is defined for a reference value in a range of 550 and 600nm.

[0025] One of the following arrangements is envisaged, which may be cumulative.

[0026] In a first configuration, for simplicity and / or for guidance limited to the On the second sheet, the optical insulating layer is (preferably) in adhesive contact with the third surface (bare or coated, for example, with a low-index transparent layer and / or adhesion primer). Alternatively, particularly for mechanical and / or adhesive reinforcement, the optical insulating layer is preferably in adhesive contact with an underlying adhesive layer, referred to as the lower (transparent) layer, made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer. In particular, the lower adhesive layer (preferably a single or multilayer film or sheet) guides a portion of the rays and, to avoid partially absorbing these rays, is preferably colorless (in particular, extra-clear), and has a refractive index n2 greater than n1 in the visible spectrum (preferably n2-n1 of at least 0.04 or at least 0.1).In particular, the lower adhesive layer is in adhesive contact with the third face (bare or coated) and preferably of a thickness of no more than 0.4mm (to gain in compactness), in particular a layer based on PVB (preferably with plasticizers) or EVA if second sheet in mineral glass or based on thermoplastic polyurethane TPU if in organic glass such as polycarbonate PC.

[0027] In addition, cumulatively or alternatively to the first configuration or its alternative, the optical insulating layer is preferably in adhesive contact with the second face (bare or coated) or with an overlying (transparent) adhesive layer, referred to as the top layer, made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer (tinted or colorless). The top adhesive layer (preferably a single or multilayer at least one film) or sheet) is in adhesive contact with the second face and preferably of a thickness of no more than 0.4mm (to gain in compactness), in particular a layer based on PVB (preferably with plasticizers) or EVA.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the interlayer mainly comprises or is made up of an upper adhesive layer (preferably film(s)), an optical insulating layer (preferably film or layer on support) and a lower adhesive layer (preferably film(s)), in particular an optical insulating layer in contact with an upper thermoplastic adhesive layer (preferably film(s)) and a lower thermoplastic adhesive layer (preferably film(s)) or in contact with an upper thermoplastic adhesive layer and a lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer or in contact with an upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer and a lower thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0029] The interlayer may mainly comprise these three adhesive layers in association with a peripheral adhesive layer around the perimeter (sealing joint, etc.) of the optical insulator layer, for example thermoplastic or cross-linked material, or the interlayer may be made up (entirely) of these adhesive layers without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0030] The interlayer preferably comprises mainly or is the following sequence of adhesive layers between the second and third faces (with or without a functional element within the upper adhesive layer or even the optical insulator layer):

[0031] -upper adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / optical insulator layer / lower adhesive layer PVB

[0032] - or top adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / layer optical insulator / lower adhesive layer preferably thermoplastic polyurethane TPU if second sheet is organic glass

[0033] -or top adhesive layer PVB (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / optical insulator layer / bottom adhesive layer crosslinked polymer

[0034] -or cross-linked polymer top adhesive layer / optical insulator layer / PVB bottom adhesive layer

[0035] -or cross-linked polymer top adhesive layer / optical insulator layer / TPU bottom adhesive layer if organic glass

[0036] -or upper adhesive layer crosslinked polymer / optical insulator layer / lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0037] Preferably, the lower and / or upper interlayer (in foil form) based on PVB comprises 70% to 75% PVB, 25% to 30% plasticizer, and less than 1% additives. PVB foils with little or no plasticizer also exist, such as the "MOWITAL LP BF" film from KURARAY.

[0038] More simply, the interlayer may mainly comprise the optical insulating layer (preferably a film or a layer on a substrate) and at most a thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (preferably film(s)), in particular of PVB or EVA, between the second and third faces. The lamination interlayer preferably mainly comprises, or is, the following sequence of adhesive layers (with or without a functional element within the upper adhesive layer or even the optical insulating layer) between the second and third faces:

[0039] -PVB top adhesive layer (or PVB / functional element / PVB) / optical insulating layer

[0040] -crosslinked polymer top adhesive layer / optical insulator layer

[0041] -Optical insulating layer / TPU lower adhesive layer if organic glass

[0042] -Optical insulating layer / PVB bottom adhesive layer

[0043] -optical insulating layer / lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0044] The interlayer may mainly comprise these two adhesive layers in association with a peripheral adhesive layer around the perimeter (sealing joint, etc.) of the optical insulating layer, for example thermoplastic or cross-linked material, or the interlayer may consist (entirely) of these adhesive layers without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0045] The lamination interlayer may be devoid of a thermoplastic adhesive layer (over its entire surface) such as PVB, EVA, or TPU, particularly in adhesive contact with the second and / or third face. The lamination interlayer, in particular, comprises the following sequence of adhesive layers between the second and third face:

[0046] - crosslinked polymer top adhesive layer / optical insulator layer

[0047] - or optical insulating layer / lower adhesive layer crosslinked polymer.

[0048] The interlayer may mainly comprise these two cross-linked polymer adhesive layers in association with a peripheral adhesive layer around the perimeter (sealing joint, etc.) of the optical insulator layer, for example thermoplastic or cross-linked material, or the interlayer may consist (entirely) of these adhesive layers without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0049] The optical insulating layer (preferably a single layer, film or coating, or a multi-layer) may be in adhesive contact with the second face (bare or coated with a functional coating, in particular of no more than 200 nm) and with the third face (bare or coated with a functional coating, in particular of no more than 200 nm). The interlayer may mainly comprise this optical insulating layer in association with a peripheral adhesive layer around the perimeter (sealing joint, etc.) of the optical insulating layer, for example, thermoplastic or cross-linked material, or may consist (entirely) of this adhesive layer without a peripheral adhesive layer.

[0050] The lamination interlayer (single-layer or multi-layer as already seen) can be devoid of local adhesive layer in contact with the second and third faces around the perimeter of the optical insulating layer and even of the other adhesive layer(s) (lower or upper).

[0051] A cross-linked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (optical insulating layer, lower and / or upper adhesive layers, etc.) may contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s) and even at most 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% of additives

[0052] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may contain a main polymer (or base polymer) of at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s).

[0053] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may comprise other additives (preferably less than 1%, 5%, or 1% by weight of layer) such as at least one of the following:

[0054] - crosslinking agent for example photoinitiators (residuals),

[0055] - plasticizers (for greater flexibility)

[0056] - membership promoters

[0057] - additives for durability.

[0058] The degree of polymerization or even crosslinking of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is not necessarily 100%; the material may therefore contain residual prepolymers, monomers, and oligomers. The layer can be analyzed by NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) after crosslinking to determine the degree of polymerization. A mixture of polymers may be used.

[0059] If necessary, for example in the event of a chemical incompatibility issue, the interlayer may incorporate a barrier film (in particular a non-adhesive (thermo)plastic film) between the optical insulating layer and the upper adhesive layer (and / or respectively between the optical insulating layer and the lower adhesive layer). The barrier layer, in particular a thermoplastic one, is at least the same size as the optical insulating layer. Preferably, the upper adhesive layer (and / or the lower adhesive layer) extends beyond the edge of the optical insulating layer (and the barrier film). A peripheral framing adhesive layer may be placed around the perimeter of the optical insulating layer (in particular a thermoplastic film) made of the same material as the upper (and / or lower) adhesive layer and even the barrier film.

[0060] More broadly, the lamination interlayer can incorporate one or more functional (non-adhesive) elements above or even within the optical insulating layer (and possibly within the upper or even lower adhesive layer) which do not participate (significantly) in the "cohesion" of the glazing.

[0061] One or more functional elements may be under or within a top adhesive layer (thermoplastic or crosslinked material), within a layer lower adhesive or even within the optical insulating layer, particularly in an upper part of the optical insulating layer that is beyond the minimum functional thickness of 600nm or 800nm.

[0062] For example, the lamination interlayer (mono or multilayer) may incorporate one or more functional elements (preferably functional films) in particular of subcentimeter thickness and even of at most 0.6mm or 0.5mm or 0.3 or 0.2mm, and preferably of at least 30 or 40 or 50µm, preferably chosen from at least one of the following functional films:

[0063] - functional film (transparent, flexible, colorless or tinted), in particular polymer, chosen from:

[0064] - polymer (thermoplastic) support coated with the optical insulating layer which is in the form of a coating (preferably a single layer), a support between the second face and the optical insulator layer and possibly with the main face adhesive on the second face side (by a cross-linked polymer layer forming, for example, a top adhesive layer) or in adhesive contact with the top adhesive layer, particularly a thermoplastic one

[0065] - and / or athermic film, reflecting infrared, and / or heating for example polymer substrate with an electroconductive (transparent) coating, in particular of a thickness of no more than 0.4 mm, in particular local or extending over almost the entire glazing, in particular opposite or offset from the propagation zone, light extraction means, between the second surface and the optical insulating layer, possibly separate from or supporting the optical insulating layer with the electroconductive coating on the opposite side or possibly below the optical insulating layer which is a coating, on or within the lower adhesive layer

[0066] - and / or the aforementioned barrier film

[0067] - at least one optical film which is

[0068] - an extraction film, in particular a polymer (for example thermoplastic or thermoset), forming means for extracting guided light (in a lower adhesive layer), for example with reliefs and / or diffusing in volume or on the surface (by a diffusing layer), extracting film on or within the lower adhesive layer, in particular film and even thermoplastic, preferably polymer extracting film between the optical insulating layer and the lower adhesive layer or within the lower adhesive layer and facing the optical insulating layer, (rather than offset from the optical insulating layer),

[0069] - and / or a so-called redirecting film, in particular polymer (for example thermoplastic or thermoset), forming a means of light redirection (from the light source on the fourth side or even offset from the glazing), local, (for example textured, on or within the lower adhesive layer, preferably a redirecting film between the optical insulating layer and the lower adhesive layer or within the lower adhesive layer and facing the optical insulating layer (rather than offset from the optical insulating layer)

[0070] - electronic device (more or less extensive) chosen from at least one of the following The following positives: sensors; electro-controllable device with variable tint and / or diffusion, additional diodes (emitting towards the first or second sheet), in particular local or extending over almost the entire glazing, in particular opposite or offset from the propagation zone, means of light extraction, between the second face and the optical insulating layer.

[0071] In particular, the upper adhesive layer may comprise two thermoplastic films—or sheets—for example, based on PVB (or a pressure-sensitive, for example, thermo-crosslinked adhesive) and larger than the functional element (in particular, an electronic device or athermal film), with the functional element sandwiched between these two sheets. Specifically, for a functional element (polymer film, electronic device, etc.) with a thickness of at least 0.4 mm, a peripheral intermediate sheet of the same material as the two sheets, particularly based on PVB (or a pressure-sensitive, for example, thermo-crosslinked adhesive), surrounds and touches the edge of the functional element and is positioned between these two sheets, extending beyond and in contact with them. This peripheral intermediate sheet forms part of the lamination interlayer. For a functional element with a thickness of 0.4 mm or less, and even 0.3 mm or 0.2 mm, the thermoplastic material may flow sufficiently.

[0072] In particular, the lower adhesive layer may comprise two thermoplastic films—or sheets—for example, made of PVB, EVA, or TPU (or of a pressure-sensitive, for example, thermo-crosslinked adhesive), larger than the redirecting film, and the redirecting film is sandwiched between these two sheets. Furthermore, an intermediate peripheral sheet of the same material as the two sheets, in particular a thermoplastic made of PVB, EVA, or TPU (or of a pressure-sensitive, for example, thermo-crosslinked adhesive), surrounds and touches the edge of the redirecting film and is located between these two sheets, extending beyond and in contact with them. This intermediate peripheral sheet forms part of the lamination interlayer.

[0073] Preferably, for any functional element (particularly a polymer film) according to the invention, a thickness of at least 30, 40, or 50 µm is preferred for ease of handling during assembly, and preferably a thickness of at most 500, 400, or 300 µm. In particular, a functional element (particularly a polymer film, electronic device) with a thickness of at most 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, or 0.2 mm does not require a peripheral intermediate layer.

[0074] If a (non-adhesive) support is used for the optical insulating layer (support with a high or low refractive index relative to the second sheet) in the form of a re The garment support is further away than the optical insulating layer of the third face.

[0075] The functional polymer film (polymer support, optical film: extractor, redirector, barrier film) is for example thermoplastic (flexible, curved following the curvature of the glazing), in particular non-adhesive to glass, is for example: polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) PBT, poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), polyimide (PI), polyurethane (PU) or cellulose triacetate (TAC), acrylic, polyolefin in particular polypropylene (PP) polycarbonate (PC) or PMMA, film (coextruded) in PET-PMMA poly(vinyl chloride) PVC.

[0076] With a functional polymer film in PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is preferred (for greater chemical compatibility) as the lower or upper thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0077] For the athermal film, for example a clear coated PET film, for example XIR from Eastman, a PET-PMMA co-extruded film, for example of the SRF 3M® type.

[0078] Naturally a functional polymer film can be multifunctional (support, barrier, optical etc).

[0079] The extraction film can have a custom extent. It can be localized or cover at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the clear glass area. The extraction film can have one or more localized extraction zones (textured, etc.) or occupy at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the clear glass area (and / or at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100% of the surface of the transparent film). The extraction film can be the same size as, or smaller than, the underlying adhesive layer or the layer incorporating the extraction film.

[0080] Furthermore, the first sheet can be tinted and / or one or any layer according to the invention (heat-absorbing film, polymer support, barrier film, top adhesive layer, in particular) above the optical insulating layer can be tinted and even locally opaque, excluding the clear glass area. The optical insulating layer itself can be tinted and even locally opaque, excluding the clear glass area. One or any layer of the lamination interlayer can be locally opaque (at the periphery), excluding the clear glass area. The heat-absorbing film, polymer support, or barrier film can be tinted and even locally opaque (at the periphery), excluding the clear glass area.

[0081] To achieve this, any tinted layer, and even a locally opaque one according to the invention (optical insulating layer and / or layer above the optical insulating layer), may comprise (in a polymer matrix) a coloring agent (organic or inorganic), in particular a molecular dye or an inorganic pigment. To achieve opacity, the amount of coloring agent can be increased. Preferably, the coloring agent is black.

[0082] The first sheet can be clear glass with a functional coating The second side is heat-resistant, and any top adhesive layer (thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer) is tinted or clear. The optical insulating layer limits the absorption of rays.

[0083] The first mineral glass sheet can be based on silica, soda-lime, preferably silicosodocalcium, or even aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, and preferably has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe2O3) of at least 0.4% and preferably of no more than 1.5%.

[0084] To limit absorption, the second mineral glass sheet may be, in particular, based on silica, soda-lime, silicosodocalcium, aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, and has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe2O3) by weight of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm), and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox potential of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0085] A tinted film according to the invention (athermal film, polymer support, barrier film, top adhesive layer) can have a light transmission of at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20% and at least 5%.

[0086] The tinted optical insulating layer according to the invention can have a light transmission of at most 50%, 40%, 30%, or 20% and at least 5%. The first sheet can then be tinted or colorless and / or the upper adhesive layer tinted or colorless.

[0087] For a motor vehicle roof, for example, a tinted film with a light transmission of less than 100% to 2% is chosen, or better, 28% to 8%.

[0088] Under the lamination interlayer, one or more optical films, preferably local, such as those mentioned above in particular, can be added:

[0089] - extraction film, in contact with the third side or via a local adhesive layer, preferably the extraction film between the optical insulating layer and the third face or even offset from the optical insulating layer, particularly in contact with the optical insulating layer

[0090] - and / or redirecting film, on the third side or via a local adhesive layer of preference between the optical insulating layer and the third face, in particular in contact with the optical insulating layer.

[0091] Alternatively, the optical film(s) are on the fourth side.

[0092] Several disjoint optical films can be distributed in the clear glass on a same side for example. The optical film can be a thermoplastic or thermoset polymer film.

[0093] When an optical film is placed on the third face, it is preferred that it be local in order to increase the adhesive contact area of ​​the lamination interlayer (the optical insulating layer or the lower adhesive layer) with the third face.

[0094] Preferably, the local redirecting optical film is no more than 10 cm wide, or no more than 5 cm wide, or even no more than 2 cm wide, and in particular, of a length similar to that of the linear (custom-made) light source. It could be a rectangular strip with rounded corners, for example.

[0095] The extent of the extraction film (local) may be significantly less than that of the second sheet. Advantageously, it represents less than 30%, preferably no more than 25%, in particular between 1 and 10% of the extent of the second sheet. The extraction film may have any shape. It may cover the clear glass area and even its edges may be under the internal masking layer.

[0096] Alternatively, the local optical film (extractor or redirector) can be bonded by a transparent adhesive layer, preferably having a refractive index close to n0. In this configuration, the adhesive layer can be part of an adhesive layer that extends beyond the local optical film, for example, a PVB, TPU, or OCA film, and thus be an integral part of the aforementioned lower adhesive layer. Since this adhesive layer does not extend beyond the optical film, it can be considered as not being part of the lamination interlayer. This adhesive layer can be surrounded by the optional lower adhesive layer, which may have a different thickness than this adhesive layer.

[0097] A thermoplastic polymer can also be used for the extractor film and this polymer can be heated, before contact with the second sheet, at least locally to its softening point in order to position it on a lower thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0098] Yet another possibility is to form the extractor film by RIM (reaction injection-moulding) of a mixture of monomers resulting in the formation of a thermosetting polymer in situ.

[0099] The optical extractor or redirector film may be located between the optical insulating layer and the lower adhesive layer, and may be made of thermoplastic polymer or crosslinked polymer. The lower adhesive layer may be used to fix this film. The film's extent is customizable.

[0100] The lamination interlayer (single or multilayer) can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0101] Preferably, the total thickness of the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer(s) (of the interlayer) according to the invention can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0102] Preferably a total thickness or thermoplastic adhesive layer(s) (of the interlayer) according to the invention can have a thickness (in microns) of at most 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800.

[0103] To facilitate manufacturing and for mechanical strength, the optical insulating layer in the form of a film can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, and at most 1100.

[0104] The optical insulating layer in the form of a coating on the second curved (domed) mineral glass sheet can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 µm and at most 1 lOOpm.

[0105] The optical insulating layer in the form of a coating on the second curved organic glass sheet can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and at most 1100.

[0106] It may be preferable to limit the thickness of the optical insulating layer (crosslinkable adhesive) deposited on curved glass to maintain the most constant thickness possible over the entire guiding area. An alternative is to deposit the optical insulating layer by filling a cavity between the first and second sheets.

[0107] To facilitate manufacturing and for mechanical strength, the optical insulating layer assembly in the form of a coating on a polymer support (with an opposite main face possibly adhesive in crosslinked polymer material) can have a thickness (in microns) of at least 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and at most 1100.

[0108] Regarding optical properties, the optical insulating layer or even any crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic adhesive layer (lower and / or upper adhesive layer) or even the lamination interlayer may have a light transmission of at least 85% or 90% and / or a blur of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%.

[0109] The glazing may have a transparency suitable for its use and even a blur of less than 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%.

[0110] The second sheet can be made of organic glass, in particular based on polyurethane (PU) typically with nO of about 1.47, polycarbonate (PC) typically with nO of about 1.59, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) typically with nO of about 1.47, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with nO of about 1.54.

[0111] The organic glass can be flexible enough to follow the curvature of the first sheet domed or pre-formed.

[0112] We choose the lowest possible index ni such that nO-nl is at least 0.04.

[0113] With an organic glass such as PC or PMMA, it is preferable (for more chemical compatibility) to PVB as a lower thermoplastic adhesive layer, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or a cross-linked polymer material.

[0114] The first sheet of glass can preferably be made of tempered glass if the second sheet is made of organic glass.

[0115] Let nm be the average refractive index of the optical insulating layer over a wavelength range A from 380 nm to 750 nm, and let x be the variation in refractive index of the optical insulating layer over the range A. x is at most 30% of the difference n0-nm, and even at most 20% or at most 10%, in order to control the color of the extracted light. This makes it possible, in particular, to limit colorimetric variations between the color (if polychromatic, white, etc.) of the injected light and that extracted, and even to achieve better color homogeneity between different extraction patterns at various distances from the light source.

[0116] In particular with nO of 1.5 in the visible, the refractive index ni in the visible in particular at 550nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm and / or the average index nm may be less than or equal to 1.46, 1.45, 1.44, 1.43, 1.42, 1.41, 1.40, 1.39, 1.38, 1.37, 1.36, 1.35, 1.34, 1.33, 1.32, 1.31, 1.30, 1.29, 1.28, 1.27, 1.26, 1.25. In particular with n0 of at least 1.55 in the visible, the refractive index n0 in the visible especially at 550nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm can also be less than or equal to 1.50, 1.49, 1.48, 1.47.

[0117] In the case of a multilayer optical insulating layer, starting from the third face, one can have a constant refractive index with different materials or "a gradient of index that gets lower and lower.

[0118] The crosslinked polymer material of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (optical insulating layer, lower or upper adhesive layer, or even layers described later: framing layer, tinted layer, opaque layer) is based on a crosslinked polymer (one or more crosslinked polymers), in particular essentially composed of a crosslinked polymer. A crosslinked polymer material without a Carcinogenic, Mutagenic, and Reprotoxic agent (CMR agent) is preferred.

[0119] The optical insulating layer can have good adhesion to the glass (mineral or even organic) of the first and / or second sheet. The optical insulating layer, for example, achieves a peel strength for mineral glass (or organic glass) greater than 2N / mm, 3N / mm, 4N / mm, 5N / mm, 6N / mm, 7N / mm, 8N / mm, 9N / mm, 1N / mm.

[0120] According to one characteristic, the optical insulating layer alone (film in particular) or in The combination with a cross-linked polymer adhesive layer on the bottom and / or top has a hardness ranging from 20,000 to 60,000 Shore A, particularly if the lamination interlayer (preferably containing at least one cross-linked polymer adhesive film, and even at least 30µm, 40µm, or 50µm thick) does not have a thermoplastic adhesive layer on the bottom and / or top. This ensures that the cross-linked polymer adhesive layer is neither too soft nor too hard, preventing the propagation of cracks in the glass of one or more sheets in the event of an accident or breakage.

[0121] The hardness of the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (film or coating) is measured according to ASTM-D2240 on a reference sample having a thickness of 10 mm, the sample consisting of the crosslinked polymer adhesive material (preferably UVA photocrosslinked) after being poured in liquid form into a hollow mold.

[0122] According to another characteristic preferably cumulative to the previous one, said optical insulating layer alone (in particular film) or in combination with a lower and / or upper crosslinked polymer adhesive layer has an elongation at break between 200% and 1000%, in particular between 250% and 1000%, preferably between 300% and 1000%.

[0123] The optical insulating layer (liquid deposition on first and / or second sheet or on support) can be crosslinked all or partially before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second sheets (in particular mineral glass sheets).

[0124] The optical insulating layer (in film form) can be crosslinked all or partially before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second sheets of glass.

[0125] Lamination in the absence of thermoplastic material is achieved by at least one vacuum under pressure.

[0126] For the manufacture of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (the optical insulating layer or, more broadly, any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention, such as a lower or upper adhesive layer; framing layer, tinted layer, opaque layer, etc.), curable adhesives that harden when their components react (photocurable, particularly under ultraviolet light, thermocurable, etc.) or when a solvent evaporates can be used. In all cases, a chemical reaction occurs to create chemical bonds for crosslinking; the crosslinked polymer is then defined by the formation of a 3D network of polymer chains linked by chemical bonds.

[0127] Thus, the way in which the curable adhesive hardens depends on its nature; some (photo)cure in particular by the input of energy of the ultraviolet (UVA) or visible (400-405nm) type, others cure at room temperature with the addition of a Hardener by chemical reaction. Other crosslinkable adhesives are crosslinked by a chemical reaction initiated and promoted by the supply of thermal energy.

[0128] Liquid deposition of the crosslinkable adhesive can be achieved by spray coating, curtain coating, flow coating, roller coating, slot die, dip coating, blade coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, drop casting, or filling a cavity with a syringe, among other methods.

[0129] Preferably, the optical insulating layer or even more broadly any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer; framing layer, tinted layer, opaque layer etc) can preferably be photocrosslinked by ultraviolet, for example comprises a photocrosslinked by ultraviolet polymer matrix.

[0130] The crosslinked polymer material (of the optical insulating layer or even any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, lower and / or upper in particular) may preferably be chosen from a polymer based on (or essentially made up of) poly-acrylate (for example to have a refractive index of at most 1.46 or 1.4), in particular fluorourethane acrylate (for example to have a refractive index of as low as possible) or urethane acrylate or fluoro-silicone acrylate, poly-siloxanes or silicone (for example with a refractive index of at most 1.4 or 1.3) in particular polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy polymer, polyepoxides, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester.

[0131] The polyacrylate described herein refers to any polymer containing repeating units derived from acrylate. The repeating unit may be substituted or unsubstituted within the permitted valence range. The acrylate polymer may be homopolymer and / or copolymer. In this text, polyacrylate comprises one or more polymethyl acrylates, polyethylene acrylate, polypropylene methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, or polypropylene methacrylate.

[0132] The epoxy polymer described herein refers to the polymer obtained after polymerization of substances containing epoxy bonds. The epoxy polymer comprises one or more bisphenol A epoxy, bisphenol A epoxy, halogenated phenolic epoxy, phenolic epoxy, cycloaliphatic epoxy, or bisphenol S epoxy resin.

[0133] The crosslinked polymer material (of the optical insulating layer or even any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, in particular lower and / or upper) may preferably be based on (or essentially composed of) a polymer associated with one or more other functions such as the acrylate function for photo-crosslinking (crosslinked polymer material based on urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate) and / or the Fluoride grouping is used to lower the refractive index, particularly for the optical insulating layer (crosslinked polymer material based on fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate). Therefore, the preferred crosslinked polymer material for the optical insulating layer is a polymer based on acrylate, urethane acrylate, silicone, or silicone acrylate, and the polymer also possesses a fluoride grouping.

[0134] Depending on the desired properties, the acrylate group can be used for photocrosslinking (for an acrylate urethane or an acrylate silicone). The acrylate group enables the photocrosslinking of the polymer, whose backbone is composed of other groups such as urethane.

[0135] The optical insulating layer according to the invention (or even any other crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, in particular the lower and / or upper layer) may in particular be a liquid-based coating obtained from a formulation preferably photocurable by UV (UVA) or a two-component chemically crosslinked coating. UV(A) crosslinking is preferred because it is faster and the equipment is less expensive / more compact than that used for chemical crosslinking.

[0136] The optical insulating layer according to the invention can be a crosslinked polymer coating (deposited on a third face or on a support or filling a cavity between the sheets) can preferably be based on urethane acrylate or fluoro urethane acrylate.

[0137] In a first example of an optical insulating layer in the form of a coating, a UV curable resin based on acrylates is deposited on the second sheet (of mineral or organic glass) or on a polymer support.

[0138] In a second example of an optical insulating layer in the form of a coating, a single-component UV curable resin based on acrylates (urethane acrylate) is deposited on the second sheet of glass (mineral or organic) or on a polymer support.

[0139] In a third example of an optical insulating layer in the form of a coating, a UV curable silicone-based resin is deposited on the second sheet of glass (mineral or organic) or on a polymer support.

[0140] Examples of low-index curable liquid adhesives (for the optical insulating layer) include the following resins:

[0141] -based on urethane acrylate, for example from the company Norland, in particular the product called LOCA Norland NOA 1315 (ni = 1.315), which is an aliphatic urethane acrylate,

[0142] -based on fluorourethane acrylate for example from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called SFA 335 (ni =1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (ni =1.385-1.389),

[0143] - based on acrylate for example in particular the product called UZ181A (ni = 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck, or the product called UVEKOL S15 (ni = 1.44) from the company Allnex.

[0144] Examples include liquid CO A based on fluorourethane acrylate from the company Shin-A, in particular the product called LOCA Shin-A 335 (ni =1.335-1.339) or 387 (ni =1.385-1.389).

[0145] As already stated, the optical insulating layer, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face, can be a coating on a non-adhesive polymer support (preferably submillimeter thick from 20, 30 pm to 200 pm) further away from the third face and with another adhesive layer of crosslinked polymer on the other face if necessary for lamination, another adhesive layer in contact with the second face or with a polymer layer in particular thermoplastic and adhesive top of the lamination interlayer.

[0146] Alternatively, the optical insulating layer can be a coating on a substrate that is a low-index, non-adhesive polymer substrate (20, 30 µm to 200 µm thick) further from the third face, and with another adhesive layer of cross-linked polymer on the other face if necessary for lamination. As such a low-index substrate (coated with an optical insulating adhesive), in particular with an index of at most 1.45 in the visible range, a fluoropolymer (thermoplastic) film can be chosen. The fluoropolymer film can be based on, or even made of, one of the following materials:

[0147] - perfluoroalkoxy PFA, in particular of n2 of approximately 1.3

[0148] - poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF, in particular of n2 of about 1.4

[0149] - ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE - ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, more precisely poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene), notably with an n2 of approximately 1.4 - the perfluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer FEP (Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene in English), notably with an n2 of approximately 1.3 - polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), in particular, with an n2 of approximately 1.3, but which is the most difficult to laminate - polyvinyl fluoride (Polyvinyl Fluoride or PVF).

[0150] It is preferred that it have a blur of at most 2%. A fluoropolymer film is readily available from 50 µm. For better assembly, the fluoropolymer film may have one or two main surfaces treated with an adhesion-promoting surface treatment, preferably a corona treatment.

[0151] The optical insulating layer or even more broadly any (other) crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer; framing layer, tinted layer, opaque layer, etc.) may comprise or even be a crosslinked polymer film, in particular of at least 30µm or 40µm or 50µm

[0152] In particular, the optical insulating layer and / or an upper or lower adhesive layer of crosslinked polymer is a crosslinked polymer film, in particular of at least 30pm, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third side and particularly

[0153] - pressure-sensitive film, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face (rather than with an adhesive base layer), and preferably chosen from acrylate, urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or silicone-based polymers

[0154] -or a so-called post-adhesive film of partially photocrosslinked polymer before assembly and photocrosslinked (with a continuation of the photocrosslinking) after assembly, and preferably a so-called post-adhesive film based on acrylate.

[0155] Adhesive contact results from the continuation of photocuring. Before further curing, the assembled glazing is placed under vacuum for degassing, then placed in an autoclave under pressure - positive pressure 2-4 bar - for example and possibly at a temperature above ambient.

[0156] In particular, the pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) film adheres by contact after the application of mechanical pressure

[0157] A pressure-sensitive adhesive, abbreviated PSA and commonly called self-adhesive, is an adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied to it, thereby bonding the adhesive to the surface to be bonded. No solvent, water, or heat is required to activate the adhesive.

[0158] As its name suggests, "pressure sensitive", the degree of bonding between a given surface and the self-adhesive binder is influenced by the amount of pressure used to apply the adhesive to the target surface and the nature and density of the physical bonds formed between the adhesive and the substrate (mineral or organic glass sheet).

[0159] PSAs are generally designed to form a bond and maintain it at room temperature.

[0160] PSAs can be made of rubber, polyurethane, acrylic ester polymer, or polysiloxane.

[0161] PSAs are generally elastomer-based coupled with an appropriate additional adhesive agent or "tackifying" agent (e.g., an ester resin).

[0162] The elastomers may preferably be based on:

[0163] - of acrylates, which can be sufficiently sticky so as not to require a ta additional cackifier.

[0164] - of silicone, requiring special tackifying agents such as resins of "MQ" type silicates, composed of monofunctional trimethylsilane ("M") which has reacted with quadrifunctional silicon tetrachloride ("Q"), silicone-based PSAs are, for example, polydimethylsiloxane gums and resins dispersed in xylene or a mixture of xylene and toluene

[0165] or possibly:

[0166] - styrene-based block copolymers such as styrene block copolymers butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene (SEP), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS),

[0167] - vinyl ethers.

[0168] - of nitriles.

[0169] PSA adhesives are marketed in the form of double-sided adhesive rolls with a liner on each side to protect the PSA film.

[0170] Examples of silicone-based PSAs include Dow Corning® adhesives such as 2013 Adhesive, 7657 Adhesive, Q2-7735 Adhesive, Q2-7406 Adhesive, Q2-7566 Adhesive, 7355 Adhesive, 7358 Adhesive, 280A Adhesive, 282 Adhesive, 7651 Adhesive, 7652 Adhesive, 7356 Adhesive, or Taica adhesives such as OPT alpha GEL® such as K120E, K90E, or MRK adhesives such as MR3050, MR3080.

[0171] Examples of acrylate-based PSAs include Nitto adhesives such as CS98210U, CS98210UK or Tesa® adhesives such as OCA 69206, OCA 69208, OCA 69405.

[0172] As a low PSA index film (for the optical insulating layer) based on acrylate, the product called CS986 (ni =1.47) from the company Nitto can be cited.

[0173] As a low PSA index film (for the optical insulating layer) based on silicone, we can cite the product called Opt Alpha Gel from the company Taica (nl= 1.41).

[0174] Regarding silicone, polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS or dimethicone, which is an organomineral polymer of the siloxane family, is preferred.

[0175] Various assembly configurations can be provided, the upper and / or lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer is preferably a pressure-sensitive film (self-supporting, applied) or post-adhesive or a coating (deposited on the second face or on a support identical or distinct from the optical insulating coating support).

[0176] If the optical insulating layer is thin, for example at most 50pm, the upper and / or lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (if no thermoplastic adhesive layer) is thicker.

[0177] In an example of a crosslinked polymer top and / or bottom adhesive layer or of framing in the form of an acrylate-based PSA film, we can cite the product called CS986 from Nitto with a refractive index n2 of 1.49.

[0178] In an example of a crosslinked polymer top and / or bottom adhesive layer (or any other adhesive layer: framing etc.) in the form of a coating, a single-component UV curable resin based on mercapto ester, the product called NOA 65 from the Norland company with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.524, is deposited.

[0179] In an example of an upper and / or lower crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (or any other adhesive layer: framing, etc.) in the form of a re garment, a single-component UV curable resin based on fluorene polyurethane is deposited, the product named Shin-A SBPF-022 with a refractive index n2 equal to 1.60.

[0180] The optical insulating layer (see other elements) can be protected if necessary from moisture, dust, and the external environment for improved durability.

[0181] As already seen, the glazing according to the invention may include a so-called framing layer surrounding the periphery (the edge) of the optical insulating layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or cross-linked polymer in contact with the optical insulating layer, possibly in adhesive contact with the third surface and even with the second surface (and forming part of the lamination interlayer). The so-called framing layer is preferably at least as thick as the optical insulating layer. For example, it is at least 1 mm wide and at most 5 cm or 1 cm wide.

[0182] The framing layer can be locally opaque (on a strip) or opaque all around.

[0183] The framing layer may be a thermosetting sealant (two-component photo-crosslinked, thermo-crosslinked), forming a sealing joint, spaced or adjacent to the layers already described of the lamination interlayer (itself recessed from the edges of the sheets). It may be in adhesive contact with the second and third faces. The framing layer may be, for example, polyurethane, epoxy, butyl, etc.

[0184] In the case where the upper thermoplastic adhesive layer extends beyond the edges of the optical insulating layer, the framing layer can be used to compensate in thickness for the optical insulating layer and even its support.

[0185] The framing layer is preferably of the same type of material as the upper adhesive layer.

[0186] For example, we can have:

[0187] -adhesive top layer made of PVB (clear or tinted) with a zero or more or less significant level of plasticizers

[0188] -PVB framing layer (for example tinted, local or all around) with zero or more or less significant levels of plasticizers, with a thickness at least equal to the thickness of the optical insulating layer.

[0189] -optionally adhesive lower layer in PVB (clear) with a zero or more or less significant level of plasticizers.

[0190] The framing layer may be on the injection area or the beginning of the propagation area if it is tinted for reasons described later.

[0191] The framing layer can frame the propagation area; it is preferably outside the clear area of ​​the glass.

[0192] It is preferable and even generally essential that the glazing include at minus a transparent area, called "window clear" or daylight clear, not covered by an opaque (internal) masking layer, peripheral. The window clear is thus a central area.

[0193] This clear glass area generally represents at least 20%, preferably at least 50%, and in particular at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the total glazing surface, including areas covered by encapsulation or seals. In other words, the opaque layer covers an area that generally represents at most 80%, preferably at most 50%, and in particular at most 30%, 20%, 10%, or 5% of the total glazing surface.

[0194] The optical density of the opaque layer is preferably at least 2 and even up to 5.

[0195] The lamination interlayer can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or even 100% of the glazing surface.

[0196] The optical insulating layer preferably extends beyond the propagation zone, in particular forming the laminate interlayer on its own, and can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the glazing surface.

[0197] Regarding the extent of the elements, several configurations are possible, in particular the edge of the lamination interlayer (edge ​​of the optical insulator layer, of the lower and / or upper adhesive layer or even the framing adhesive layer) is not necessarily aligned with the edge of the first and / or second sheets and the edges of the layers of the interlayer itself are not necessarily aligned with each other.

[0198] The upper adhesive layer (and / or the insulating layer and / or any lower adhesive layer) may be recessed from the edge of the first sheet by no more than 10 mm or even by no more than 2 mm. The edge of the upper adhesive layer may be aligned with the edge of the insulating layer or extend beyond the insulating layer as previously described.

[0199] The upper adhesive layer (and the insulating layer and the possible lower adhesive layer) can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the glazing surface.

[0200] There may be several injection zones, several light sources, preferably peripheral.

[0201] The optical insulating layer preferably extends beyond the propagation zone and preferably over the extraction means (whether in contact or not), and even covers at least 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the glazing surface. The extraction means cover, for example, at most 90% of the glazing surface.

[0202] The optical insulating layer may extend upstream of the propagation zone above said hole (and occupies at least 90% of the glazing surface).

[0203] The optical insulating layer can extend downstream of the injection zone.

[0204] The glazing may therefore include between the second face (in particular F2) and the third face (in particular F3), an opaque, internal peripheral masking layer, in particular an enamel (black etc) on the second face or a coating on the laminate interlayer for example opaque coating (based on PVB and with coloring agent) on a main face of a PVB on the second or third face side.

[0205] The internal masking layer can be 2 mm or 3 mm (less than 5 mm) from the edge of the glazing or even right up to the edge. The masking layer can be a band framing the glazing (windshield, roof, etc.), particularly in black. Opaque coating is applied around the entire perimeter to conceal bodywork elements or seals, or to protect an adhesive for mounting on the vehicle. This internal masking layer is in contact with the second main surface. This internal masking layer defines the clear area of ​​the glazing. It can be advantageous for the outer edge of the optical insulating layer, or more broadly any adhesive layer of the laminate interlayer, to be masked by the internal masking layer and not be within the clear area of ​​the glazing.It can be advantageous for the outer and even inner edges of the framing layer to be masked by the inner masking layer, not to be in the clear view, or for the framing layer to be under the inner masking layer.

[0206] The width of the internal masking layer along the sides of a motor vehicle roof is generally less than that at the front or even the rear.

[0207] In particular, where the first layer is the outer pane (and therefore the second layer is the inner pane), another masking layer, referred to as the inner layer, may be on the fourth surface, designated F4, on the passenger compartment side, facing the inner masking layer (and may even be of the same type, for example, a black enamel on the second mineral glass pane). It may be adjacent to a possible transparent functional coating, particularly a heat-insulating one, at least in the clear glass area.

[0208] In particular for a motor vehicle roof (first sheet is the outer glazing):

[0209] - the width of the internal (and even inner) masking layer along the edges longitudinal can be at most 30cm, in particular 10-20cm.

[0210] - the width of the internal (and even inner) masking layer along the edge the rear lateral can be at most 30cm, in particular at least 1 or 5cm and along the front lateral edge at most 60cm, in particular at least 1 or 5cm.

[0211] The width of the inner masking layer is preferably greater than that of the inner masking layer. In particular, the inner masking layer is congruent with, or narrower than, the width of the inner masking layer.

[0212] The internal and / or inner masking layer may be an organic or mineral binder (fused glass frit) with an organic or inorganic coloring agent, including molecular coloring or inorganic pigment.

[0213] The internal and / or inner masking layer is preferably a continuous layer (flat with a solid edge or alternatively a gradient edge (set of patterns).

[0214] In a first case of light injection, the light source is coupled to the edge of the second sheet, possibly in a through-hole peripheral notch. The light source can be housed in a polymer encapsulation as described in application WO2010049638, particularly in [Fig. 15] or [Fig. 16], and may even have a recess for removal or replacement of the source.

[0215] In a second light injection scenario, the second sheet, particularly one made of mineral glass, may include at least one peripheral hole (through or even blind in thickness, open on at least the fourth side) beneath the internal masking layer (outside the clear glass area), and the light source is coupled to the wall of the second sheet, delimiting the hole, preferably housed within the hole. The light source, particularly diodes, may be located within the hole, or may be associated with an optical element (light guide) between the injection wall and the light source, either within the hole or inside the vehicle's interior. Examples of such embodiments are described in patents WO2018 / 178591 and WO2013 / 110885.

[0216] The inner masking layer is for example on either side of said hole (of each hole).

[0217] The second sheet can have a plurality of holes (through) each delimited by an internal wall, and a light source (all identical or not, as made to order) is coupled to an internal wall and even housed in each hole (through).

[0218] The hole (each hole) is preferably not more than 50mm wide and not less than 10mm deep and preferably spaced not more than 200mm apart from the edge of the second sheet. The shape of the hole (of each hole) may be oblong or circular.

[0219] The hole in the second sheet of glass (mineral) in which the light source (the diodes) is housed can advantageously be closed by a cover, preferably a removable cover, preferably integrated into a diode module, fixed on the inner edge of the hole and / or on the fourth main face (by reversible fixing means).

[0220] A through or blind hole in the lamination interlayer (going to the second face) may be in continuity with the chosen through hole in the second sheet of glass and be of the same width and shape.

[0221] The power supply to the light source (diodes) can be provided by a current supply integrated into the laminated glazing, for example an electrical wire incorporated in the lamination interlayer, or this electrical wire can be applied to the fourth main face of the second sheet (inner sheet, passenger compartment side), and possibly be protected by a cover.

[0222] The optical insulating layer extends upstream of the propagation zone above said hole (and preferably occupies at least 80 or 90% of the glazing surface). The through hole is blocked by a cover, in particular forming a seal, which prevents moisture from penetrating the glass through the recess on the third side, in particular a reflective metallic sheet (aluminum, etc.) or a metallized film (plastic or mineral).

[0223] The cover also forms an optical shutter. The cover protrudes from the inner wall of the hole preferably by no more than 30 mm. It can be placed on the third side or adhered and / or in adhesive contact with the spacer. The hole and / or the cover and / or the lid is, for example, no more than 100 mm from the clear glass and preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0224] The optical insulating layer can extend over the hood and even beyond.

[0225] The framing layer can cover the hole and any hood.

[0226] In a third case of light injection, the light source is on the fourth face, opposite or offset from the fourth main face, in particular under (opposite) the internal masking layer, and is coupled to the second sheet via a redirecting optical film as already described on the third face or on the fourth face.

[0227] The light source may be directly optically coupled or via an optical system. The light source on the fourth side may be associated with a collimating optical system. The light source, with an optional collimator, may be fixed to the fourth side, either by direct bonding or by being spaced apart and mounted on a peripheral support fixed to the fourth side.

[0228] The possible inner peripheral masking layer (facing F4) may include a space so as not to block optical coupling in particular to allow the rays from the light source to pass to the light redirection element.

[0229] The framing layer, in particular opaque, can cover the light redirection element (redirecting film).

[0230] The injection / coupling is via the light redirection element in particular textured redirection film on the second sheet (third or fourth face, for example a prismatic polymer film, the light source being opposite the fourth face, possibly off-center or even offset from this redirection film.

[0231] This redirecting film (transparent) is, for example, longitudinally shaped along the glazing or rounded at the corners, for example the length of the clear glass. This redirecting film may be at most 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm thick and in particular at least 100 µm.

[0232] The light source and the light redirection element can be offset by a pane of glass, facing an internal masking layer. The redirection element (redirecting film) and / or the light source is for example at most 100 mm from the clear glass and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0233] By means of this redirecting film, the light passing through the second glass pane is redirected into the second glass pane by reflection, or even diffusion. By means of this redirecting film on the fourth side, the light passing through the second glass pane is redirected into the second glass pane by refraction, or even diffusion.

[0234] The optical redirecting film can be a textured or even prismatic film (with a smooth (non-textured, non-functional) main surface and a textured, functional opposite surface), flexible and therefore curved to adapt to the curvature of the glazing, a partially structured transparent plastic film forming (micro)prisms, or a transparent (flat) plastic film with a transparent layer on its main surface arranged in (micro)prisms. The (micro)prisms are oriented towards the third or second face.

[0235] The prismatic film may be on the side and even on the third side (bare or coated) or on the side and even on the fourth side (bare or coated). The prismatic film on the side and even on the third side may be reflective, and the reflective (micro)prisms are oriented towards the second side.

[0236] This textured optical film can be bonded to the third face directly or via at least one adhesive layer, in particular a cross-linked thermoplastic layer, or held by suction (strong interaction), notably by the pressure of the assembly. The textured optical film is placed on the third face, and after the air is removed, a suction effect occurs. Preferably, the optical insulating layer is not used to bond this redirecting film to face F3.

[0237] The material of the textured optical film (prismatic film, redirector) may be the same as that of the support for the optical insulating layer. The support for the optical insulating layer may form all or part of the textured optical film, have a textured area forming a prismatic film, adjacent to the optical insulating layer, glued or placed on the third side.

[0238] In summary, the glazing may include at least one optical film which is between the optical insulating layer and the third surface, and even in contact with the optical insulating layer, preferably bonded to the third surface by a lower adhesive layer of the lamination interlayer or local optical film bonded by a local fixing adhesive layer, and the optical film, in particular a polymer, is selected from:

[0239] - film called extractor, forming a means of extracting guided light in the second sheet or in a layer underlying the optical insulator layer (local extraction film on the third side forming a means of extracting guided light into the second sheet, or a more extensive extraction film, and possibly even a barrier film, on the lower adhesive layer forming (another) means of extracting light guided in the lower adhesive layer)

[0240] - and / or local redirecting film, forming means of light redirection in the second sheet of glass from a light source on the fourth side or even offset from the glazing.

[0241] The internal masking layer is not necessarily sufficiently opaque to prevent stray light from being seen, the light source. An internal opaque element may be desired, peripheral and between the second and third faces, particularly between this internal masking layer (delimiting the clear glass) and the third face, or even replacing this internal masking layer, particularly internal masking of a light injection zone via a hole in the second sheet forming a light guide, preferably the inner glazing, or of a light source on the fourth face, the second sheet preferably being an inner glazing and forming a light guide.

[0242] The internal opaque element is for example offset from the clear glass, or goes up to the clear glass or even slightly protrudes (from the internal masking layer) by a maximum of 10mm.

[0243] In the second injection configuration, the internal opaque element masks the injection area (hole, possible hood, light source and even the cover) or even extends beyond the perimeter of the hole or even the hood (or cover), by a maximum of 10cm or 5cm or 3cm from the hole and even the hood (or cover) or if necessary by a maximum of 5mm or 1mm so as not to absorb useful rays, preferably an internal opaque element on the entire perimeter of the hole and even the hood (or cover).

[0244] For the third injection configuration, the internal opaque element masks the light source (the light points of the source) which is on the fourth face (F4) and may even mask the light redirection element (optical redirection film) opposite the light source. The internal opaque element, in particular, can extend from the inner edge (towards the center of the glazing) of the light redirection element (optical redirection film) and even from the outer edge (towards the edge of the glazing) of the light redirection element, for example, by a maximum of 10 cm, 5 cm, or 3 cm, or if necessary, by a maximum of 5 mm or 1 mm so as not to absorb useful rays.

[0245] In the first injection configuration, this internal opaque element can alternatively serve as a mask for the light exiting on the first face (Fl preferably) in the peripheral area (of the internal masking layer), the internal opaque element extends from a maximum of 10cm or 5cm or 1cm in particular from 1 mm or 5 mm to 1 or 3cm from the injection edge, it is adjusted if necessary so as not to absorb useful rays.

[0246] An internal opaque element of the same or similar color to the layer is preferred. opaque internal masking (optional), especially black.

[0247] This internal opaque element, preferably black, and preferably under the internal black masking layer, is selected from:

[0248] - a piece within the interleaf (black, with black coating, metallic piece, polymer etc.)

[0249] - or a film, in particular a polymer (non-adhesive) film, inserted within the interlayer, including tinted film (mass opaque (thermoplastic) film or film with an opaque layer, for example, support for the (adjacent) optical insulating layer or locally opaque athermal film within the interlayer

[0250] - or a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer: area (excluding the clear glass area) of the layer top or bottom adhesive (locally opaque or all around), or framing layer (locally opaque or all around)

[0251] - or thermoplastic adhesive layer such as PVB (area - outside the clear glass - of the (lower or upper adhesive layer, locally opaque or all around)

[0252] - a coating, in particular based on PVB and with an interlayer thermoplastic PVB for example on an area - outside the clear glass - of the upper adhesive layer.

[0253] The internal opaque element can be spaced from the third face, for example on an optical insulating layer or on a lower adhesive layer (PVB, EVA, TPU) or on the third face

[0254] In the second configuration, the internal opaque element can extend upstream of the injection zone (upstream of the hole) to the edge of the glazing or at least 1cm or 5mm from the edge.

[0255] In the third configuration, the internal opaque element can extend upstream of the injection zone (from the outer edge of the light direction element) to the edge or at least 1cm or 5mm from the edge of the glazing.

[0256] Preferably for the second and third configurations, this internal opaque element can extend to the beginning of the injection zone without absorbing useful rays if it is on the optical insulating layer. This internal opaque element can be a locally opaque area of ​​the optical insulating layer.

[0257] The internal opaque element may be the same shape as the hood as the hole, as the light source on the F4 face side.

[0258] This internal opaque element may be the same shape as the shape of the hole or have any other simple (geometric) shape: square, rectangular, oblong etc.

[0259] The surface of the internal opaque element is for example homothetic to that of the hole or to that of the light source (linear) on the F4 face side or even of the light redirection element.

[0260] This internal opaque element may be longitudinal in shape, for example a strip and can conceal several holes (adjacent or on distinct edges). This strip can conceal several holes (adjacent or on distinct edges) or several light sources, particularly linear ones (second configuration). This internal opaque element can be one or more separate strips, notably on either side of the glass pane, or a frame, notably (at least partially) offset from the glass pane.

[0261] This internal opaque element may preferably have a light transmission of less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%, 1% or 0.5% or even zero.

[0262] An example of opaque PVB containing black pigments is the product called RB 17830000 Vanceva absolute black® sold by Saflex.

[0263] An example of an opaque layer is an adhesive layer containing a molecular dye dissolved in the crosslinked polymer material.

[0264] As already stated, the glazing according to the invention may include a peripheral light source, in particular under the internal masking layer, in optical coupling with the second light guide sheet (second and third injection configuration only) preferably inner glazing, and the coupling zone is preferably under the internal masking layer.

[0265] It may be necessary to absorb the light exiting on the fourth face (F4 for example) in the vicinity of the injection zone and forming a luminous halo.

[0266] To achieve this, the glazing according to the invention may include an opaque element called anti-halo at the edge of the light injection zone, in contact with the third face (on the third face or on a thermoplastic or crosslinked adhesive layer), opaque anti-halo element preferably with a width of no more than 10cm in the propagation zone adjoining the injection zone and / or another opaque anti-halo element in contact with the fourth face and facing an edge of a light injection zone in the guide preferably with a width of no more than 10cm.

[0267] Thus, this opaque anti-halation element (and / or this other anti-halation element) in relation to the guidance zone adjacent to the injection zone can extend over at least 2 cm and from 5 mm, and more precisely:

[0268] - start less than 1 mm from the injection wall (delimiting the hole), in particular extends from 2 or 5 mm from the injection wall up to 10 cm or 5 cm from the injection wall

[0269] - start less than 1mm from the inner edge of the light redirection element (redirecting film), in particular, extends from 2 or 5mm from the inner edge up to 10cm or 5cm from the inner edge.

[0270] This opaque anti-halation element (and / or this other anti-halation element) may preferably have a light transmission of less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%, 1% or 0.5% or even zero.

[0271] This opaque anti-halation element and / or this other anti-halation element is preferably black and with the internal black masking layer.

[0272] This other opaque anti-halation element (preferably black and with the internal masking layer black) is in contact with the fourth face and is for example an opaque coating, for example an enamel.

[0273] This opaque anti-halation element (and / or other opaque anti-halation element) may be longitudinal in shape, for example a strip, and cover several edges of injection zones. It may be one or more strips on either side of the clear window or a frame offset from the clear window.

[0274] The internal opaque element and / or the anti-halo opaque element and / or other anti-halo opaque element can also extend to the edge of the second sheet and even cover the edge (outside the coupling edge) of the second sheet.

[0275] This opaque anti-halo element (and / this other opaque anti-halo element) may preferably have a light transmission of less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%, 1% or 0.5% or even zero.

[0276] This opaque anti-halo element (and / this other opaque anti-halo element) may have an annular area or portion of a ring on a part of the perimeter of the hole for example over 120° or 180°.

[0277] This opaque anti-halation element (preferably black) with a black internal masking layer is in contact with the third face chosen from:

[0278] - or a tinted (non-adhesive) film (mass opaque (thermoplastic) film or with an opaque layer, for example supporting the (adjacent) optical insulating layer or a locally opaque athermal film, within the interlayer

[0279] - or a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer: area (excluding the clear glass area) of the layer adhesive backing (locally opaque or all around), or framing layer (locally opaque or all around)

[0280] - or thermoplastic adhesive layer such as PVB (area - outside the clear glass - of the (lower adhesive layer locally opaque or all around)

[0281] - a coating on the third side, in particular based on PVB and with on a a layer of thermoplastic PVB interlayer, for example, on an area—outside the clear glass—of the lower adhesive layer,

[0282] - a piece under the spacer (black, with black coating, metallic piece, polymer etc).

[0283] An opaque anti-halo element may be an adhesive layer containing a molecular dye dissolved in the crosslinked polymer material.

[0284] By placing both an opaque anti-halation element on the third face and the other opaque anti-halation element on the fourth face, this can be more effective and the necessary distance can be shortened because each absorbs half of the rays, one upwards and the other downwards, whereas if only one is used, it initially absorbs half. then the other half once it has reflected.

[0285] Naturally, one can have an element that masks both the light coming out on the fourth face and the light coming out on the first face.

[0286] An internal opaque element can be sufficiently extended (and then in contact with the third face) to form said anti-halo element, for example, protruding from the hole (hood), of the light redirection element.

[0287] Advantageously, the internal opaque element on the third face and / or the anti-halation opaque element may have a refractive index n' 1 in the visible range such that:

[0288] - nO-n' 1 is at least 0.04 in the visible range and even at least 0.1,

[0289] - the absolute value difference n' 1-nl is at most 0.04 in the visible range and even at most 0.01.

[0290] If not<nl alors il y a un gain en extraction si n’ l> nl then there is more efficiency for the halo

[0291] This element can be an opaque area of ​​the optical insulating layer (tinted or colorless) then n1 corresponds to ni.

[0292] Colors are normally characterized by colorimetric coordinates, for example L*a*b*, black generally being associated with a lightness L* less than a certain value, preferably 5 or 10, which may depend on the specific case. Preferably, L* of the internal (or inner) masking layer and / or of an internal opaque or antihalation element (or other opaque antihalation element) is less than 5.

[0293] The means for extracting light (guided in the second sheet) may include an optical film between the optical insulating layer and the third face, preferably on the third or fourth face (if second sheet inner glazing).

[0294] An example of a film with reflective reliefs, in particular a plastic film with a refractive index greater than or equal to n0 with reflective reliefs (prisms) forming light extraction on the third face of an automobile roof, is described in patent WO2013 / 167832.

[0295] The reflective surface preferably has low roughness so that the reflection is essentially specular. The surface and roughness of the reflective interface are chosen so that the total widths at half maximum of the angular distribution of the light intensity emitted by the system are preferably between 30° and 60°.

[0296] Regardless of the roughness of the reflective interface, a height or depth of the relief can be defined which is equal to the distance between the highest and lowest points of said relief. The height of the reflective relief is, for example, between 5 pm and 1 mm, preferably between 10 pm and 500 pm, in particular between 20 and 100 pm.

[0297] Such textured polymer films with a relief are available on the market, and one can cite, for example, the Vikuiti® Image Directing Film II marketed by the company 3M

[0298] A mineral or organo-mineral coating based on silica can also be formed with the reliefs, by sol-gel method.

[0299] The optical extractor film may comprise a plurality of individual prisms, each consisting of an oblique surface and a surface essentially perpendicular to the general plane of the second sheet

[0300] Examples of regular relief include Fresnel lens type relief or Fresnel prism type relief.

[0301] The relief can be made reflective by a low-index coating having a refractive index at least 0.04, preferably at least 0.1, lower than the index n0 of the second glass sheet or the index of the textured optical film. The relief can be made reflective by the optical insulating layer. Alternatively, the recesses of the relief can be filled with porous silica.

[0302] The means of extraction may also be a textured coating, for example a layer of silica with textures (reliefs such as those mentioned above).

[0303] Alternatively or cumulatively, the means for extracting guided light in the second sheet may include a diffusing layer on the third and / or fourth face. This diffusing layer comprises diffusing elements in a matrix (transparent and even diffusing), in particular defining at least a first diffusing zone, for example, with a width of at least 0.5 mm, in particular a first diffusing zone that is solid and / or has a set of discontinuous patterns.

[0304] The means for extracting the guided light in the second sheet may also be a frosted area of ​​the second sheet (third or fourth face) or a diffusing coating applied to the third or fourth face or to the face of the lamination interlayer in contact with the third face. The light extraction means may be, for example, a textured, rough, frosted area of ​​the second sheet (third or fourth face). It may also be an area etched into the thickness of the second sheet or diffusing elements, such as glass particles or fibers, incorporated into the interlayer.

[0305] The diffusing particles can be on the order of micrometers in size within an organic or mineral binder, enabling these particles to adhere to the surface of the second sheet or the interlayer. The particles can be made of metal or metal oxide.

[0306] The light source is preferably an array of light-emitting diodes (on a printed circuit board such as a flexible PCB), in particular a straight or curved strip, or A light source comprising an optical extraction fiber coupled with a primary light source (light-emitting diode(s), etc.). Preferably, the diodes are surface-mounted components on the front side of a printed circuit board (PCB) with conductive traces. The diodes themselves may have Lambertian or quasi-Lambertian emission. The width (or length) of a diode with a single semiconductor chip, generally a square diode, is preferably no more than 5 mm. The width of the PCB, in strip form, is preferably no more than 5 cm, better still no more than 2 cm, and even no more than 1 cm.

[0307] The extraction means on the third side can be completely opaque or remain transparent. On the fourth side, the extraction means have non-zero light transmission.

[0308] One or more light sources (peripheral, preferably offset from the glass pane), and several sets of diodes may be used. The source(s) may be elongated, linear over at least 10 cm and / or more localized, notably in one or more separate holes in the second sheet. One or more light sources (identical or not) may be used, for example, electrical and / or consisting of electroluminescent devices (LEDs, etc.). The light source(s) may be monochromatic (emitting in the blue, green, red, etc.) or polychromatic, or be adapted or combined to produce, for example, white light, etc.; they may be continuous or discontinuous, etc.

[0309] The light source can be extended linearly (rectangular strip like a diode bar) along one side of the glazing (longitudinal edges) or split (with similar or distinct light, for example different color intensity, controlled independently or simultaneously) along both sides.

[0310] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle incorporating the luminous glazing defined above.

[0311] In the mounted position in the motor vehicle, in the case of a laminated roof, the fourth face is preferably the inner face of the motor vehicle, conventionally referred to as face F4. The roof may be opening or fixed.

[0312] The first sheet can be the outer sheet in particular, the glazing is chosen from a roof, a windscreen, a side window, or the first sheet is the inner sheet in particular, the glazing is chosen from a windscreen, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing.

[0313] Assembly refers to the stacking of the different elements.

[0314] The lamination process includes an operation that allows the laminate interlayer to be brought into adhesive contact with the second and third faces. If the interlayer is adhesive, the adhesive contact is achieved by simply bringing it into contact with the second and third faces.

[0315] If the interlayer is composite (for example two types of crosslinked polymer adhesives or a crosslinked polymer adhesive and a thermoplastic adhesive the lamination operation can be in two steps: 1) adhesive contact of the optical insulating layer with the second face at a temperature and / or pressure and 2) adhesive contact of the upper adhesive layer with the third face at a temperature and / or pressure distinct from step 1) (or steps 1) and 2) reversed).

[0316] Preferably the lamination includes at least a degassing / vacuum of the assembled elements (already in adhesive contact or in non-adhesive contact) to avoid bubbling and pressure is applied to the assembled elements.

[0317] After assembly, lamination may involve, for example, degassing (oven, etc.) and autoclaving (positive pressure). Lamination may involve a (photo)crosslinking step of adhesive layer(s), possibly already partially photocrosslinked before assembly, for example using a UVA source.

[0318] The autoclave cycle can be at ambient temperature, at a temperature in a range of 30-50°C at a pressure in a range of 2-5 bars and for a duration of at most 1h in particular of at least 15min.

[0319] The lamination for a thermoplastic layer such as PVB includes vacuuming and pressurizing with heating, the lamination step leading to the adhesive contact of the layer with the adjacent glass.

[0320] The manufacture of laminated glazing according to the invention may include, for the formation of the optical insulating layer:

[0321] -the deposition of the optical insulating layer by liquid means on the third face before lamination (before assembly or by filling a cavity between the second and third face).

[0322] It is possible to use a heat-curable adhesive which cross-links thanks to the temperature applied during the lamination of the laminated glazing.

[0323] If the UV-curable adhesive (or two-component chemically curable adhesive) is deposited on a surface, a pre-curing step (UV or further chemical reaction) is advantageous to gel the adhesive. Then, a vacuum is created to remove trapped air and complete the curing process to achieve good adhesion.

[0324] The manufacturing process for luminous laminated glazing as described above may include:

[0325] -an assembly of the first glass sheet, the lamination interlayer comprising at least the optical insulating layer and the second glass sheet, articulating the process comprises before assembly the deposition of the optical insulating layer on the second and / or first glass sheet and preferably a photocrosslinking.

[0326] The manufacturing process for luminous laminated glazing as described above may include:

[0327] -an assembly of the first glass sheet, the lamination interlayer comprising at least one film and the second glass sheet and in particular the optical insulating layer which is a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film in partially photo-crosslinked polymer material before assembly (and the continuation of the photo-crosslinking, preferably under UVA, takes place after assembly)

[0328] - a laminate comprising degassing, in particular steaming, and placing under positive pressure, in particular autoclaving. Other details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the examples according to the invention illustrated by the following figures.

[0329] Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing according to the invention in a first embodiment by peripheral light injection. Figure 1' shows a schematic front view of the glazing of Figure 1.

[0330] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a second embodiment by peripheral light injection

[0331] Fig. 2 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing which is a roof fitted in a vehicle.

[0332] Fig. 3 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a third embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0333] Figure 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a fourth embodiment with peripheral light injection. Figure 4' shows a schematic front view of the glazing in Figure 4.

[0334] Fig. 5 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a fifth embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0335] Fig. 6 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a sixth embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0336] Fig. 7 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a seventh embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0337] Figure 8 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a first embodiment by light injection via an internal glass wall. Fig. 8 represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Fig. 8.

[0338] Figure 9 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a second embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall.

[0339] Figure 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a third embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall. Figure 10' shows a schematic front view of the glass unit in Figure 10.

[0340] Fig. 11 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a fourth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall.

[0341] Fig. 12 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a fifth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall.

[0342] Fig. 13 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a sixth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall.

[0343] Figure 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a first embodiment by injecting light through a glass pane. Figure 14' shows a schematic front view of the glass unit in Figure 14. Figure 15 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle in a second embodiment by injecting light through a glass pane. Figure 15' shows a schematic front view of the glass unit in Figure 15.

[0344] Fig. 16 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a third embodiment by injecting light through a glass.

[0345] Fig. 17 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a fourth embodiment by injecting light through a glass.

[0346] Fig. 18 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a fifth embodiment by injecting light through a glass.

[0347] Fig. 19 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in a sixth embodiment by injecting light through a glass.

[0348] Figure 20 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle in a seventh embodiment by injecting light through a glass.

[0349] Fig. 21 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing in an eighth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0350] It is specified that for the sake of clarity the different elements of the objects represented are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0351] Fig. 1 represents a schematic cross-sectional view, here lateral, of a luminous laminated vehicle glazing 100 according to the invention in a first embodiment by peripheral lighting.

[0352] Fig. 1 represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Fig. 1.

[0353] This is a 100 laminated glass pane which is here a rectangular car roof and domed, which includes:

[0354] - a first sheet of glass 1, forming here an outer sheet, for example rec tangential (for example, dimensions 300X300 mm), with a composition for a tinted solar control function (Venus VG10 or TSA 4+ glass marketed by Saint-Gobain Glass) for example with a thickness of 2.1 mm and / or, with a first main face 11 corresponding to face Fl, a second main face 12 on the interior side called F2 possibly coated with an athermal coating, solar control 16' or even heating etc., and an edge (longitudinal slices 10 and 10'),

[0355] - a laminated interlayer 3, with a longitudinal edge 30 here even actually offset from the longitudinal slices 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore recessed)

[0356] - a second sheet of glass 2, of the same dimensions as glass 1, forming internal glazing, passenger compartment side, of mineral glass, having a third main face 11 corresponding to face F3 and a fourth main face 12 which is face F4, and an edge (longitudinal slices 21 and 22 - for example a sheet of silicosodocalcic glass, extra clear such as Diamant glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass, of thickness equal for example to 2.1 mm, glass with refractive index nO of the order of 1.52 at 550nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95mm, possibly with a stack at the ITO 15 in face 14 F4.

[0357] The second face has an internal masking layer 7 forming a masking frame, for example a black enamel, delimiting a clear window 16 (daylight), here rectangular (cf. [Fig.l]').

[0358] Light-emitting diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 21 of the second glass sheet 2. These are front-emitting diodes. Thus, these diodes 4 are aligned on a PCB support 5, for example a parallelepiped-shaped strip. The PCB support 5 is fixed, for example, by glue 7 (or double-sided adhesive) on the edge of the face.

[0359] Alternatively the light source can be one or more primary sources (diodes etc.) coupled directly to a guide, along coupling slice, for example optical fiber extractor with light output zone.

[0360] The luminous glazing 100 can have a plurality of light extraction zones 6 guided into the second sheet, notably of a given geometry (rectangular, square, round, etc.). For example, it may be a diffusing layer 6 screen-printed on the third face and even alternatively or cumulatively on the fourth face, preferably in the clear part of the glazing 16. Alternatively, it may be a localized extraction film placed or bonded locally to the third or fourth face (with reliefs or with a diffusing or solid diffusing layer).

[0361] For example, the distance between extraction 6 and the diodes is at least 10 or 40 mm. For example, the extraction occupies from 10 to 100% of the clear glass area, under the optical insulating layer.

[0362] Several sets of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, around the entire periphery) can be provided, controlled independently and even of different colors. White or colored diodes can be chosen for ambient lighting, reading light, etc. Red light can be chosen for signaling, possibly alternating with green light. The diode holder 5 can be glued to edge 21.

[0363] The light ray (after refraction on the edge 21) propagates by total internal reflection (at the level of face F3 and face F4) in the second sheet 1 forming a light guide.

[0364] The lamination interlayer is an optical insulating layer that is a cross-linked polymer with a refractive index ni such that nO-nl is at least 0.04 and even 0.1, and preferably a thickness of at least 300 µm and even 600 µm. The lamination interlayer extends, for example, to the edges of the glass panes. For example, the optical insulating layer and even the laminated glazing exhibits a blur of at most 1%.

[0365] If necessary the optical insulating layer 3 can be tinted while remaining transparent in the clear glass.

[0366] To maximize the masking of light exiting towards the first face (Fl), an internal opaque element 80 is placed in the spacer 3, for example, a black piece 80 under the internal masking layer 7. This piece is a rectangular strip along the longitudinal coupling edge 21 (see [Fig. 1]') with a length greater than or equal to the diode strip. This piece may protrude from the edge of the glazing, for example, and form part of the support 5.

[0367] In a first embodiment, the optical insulating layer is a PSA crosslinked film.

[0368] As an example of a low PSA silicone-based film, the product called Opt Alpha Gel from the company Taica (nl= 1.41) with a thickness of 1 mm can be cited. Pressure was applied by roller and then placed in an autoclave.

[0369] In the first variant, this can be a deposit of photo-curable adhesive on one of the faces F2 or F3 (or by filling in a cavity between F2 and F3) and photo-curing by UVA.

[0370] In a second variant, a partially photocrosslinked film, for example based on acrylate, is used and assembled with the lenses. The photocrosslinking is completed by UVA.

[0371] As an alternative to extra-clear glass, an organic glass, for example PC, can be used, and preferably the first sheet of glass is then tempered.

[0372] The roof 100 can, for example, form a fixed luminous panoramic roof 100' of a motor vehicle such as a car, mounted externally on the body 8' via an adhesive 61' as shown in [Fig. 2]'. [Fig. 2]' represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass of a motor vehicle which is a roof mounted in a vehicle.

[0373] This 100 laminated luminous glass can alternatively form a windshield (possibly by removing or adapting the encapsulation) with internal signaling. The diffusing layer forms, for example, an anti-collision signal, notably by creating a band along the lower longitudinal edge. For example, the light illuminates (red) when a vehicle in front is too close.

[0374] This 100 laminated luminous glass can alternatively form a front or rear quarter window. The diffusing layer 6 forms, for example, a turn signal repeater, a logo, or a windshield. The diffusing layer 6 also forms, for example, exterior signaling (turn signals, etc.). In these latter cases, the second glass pane is the outer pane (the fourth face is face Fl, the third face is face F2) and the first glass pane is the inner pane (tinted or clear).

[0375] Furthermore, if necessary a so-called framing layer surrounds the perimeter of the optical insulating layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or crosslinked polymer and in contact with the optical insulating layer and even possibly in adhesive contact with the third face and even with the second face, in particular a framing layer offset from the clear glass.

[0376] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass panel of a motor vehicle 200 in a second embodiment by peripheral light injection

[0377] This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment primarily in that side-emitting diodes 4 are housed in the recess (peripheral notch) of the edge 21. Thus, these diodes 4 are aligned on a PCB support 5, for example a The parallelepiped-shaped strip, preferably as opaque as possible (not transparent), has its emitting faces parallel to the PCB support and opposite the edge 21 in the recessed portion of the edge. The PCB support is fixed, for example, with glue 5' (or double-sided adhesive) to the edge 121 of the face F2 12, and is engaged in a groove between the faces F2 and F3, made possible by the sufficient retraction of the edge 30 of the spacer 3. The peripheral masking strip 7, made of opaque (black) enamel, can mask the PCB support 5 and even the outgoing light in this area.

[0378] The distance between the diodes and the slice 10 is reduced to a minimum, for example from 1 to 2mm. The space between each chip and the optically coupled slice 10 can be protected from any pollution: water, chemical etc., both in the long term and during the manufacture of the luminous glazing 100.

[0379] The luminous glazing 200 also has a polymer encapsulation 8, for example in black polyurethane, particularly in PU-rim (reaction in mold or injection molding with reaction). It is double-sided at the edge of the glazing. This encapsulation ensures long-term sealing (water, cleaning products, etc.). The encapsulation also provides a good aesthetic finish and allows for the integration of other elements or functions (reinforcing inserts, etc.). As described in document WO2011092419 or document WO2013017790, the polymer encapsulation may have a through-hole closed by a removable cover for inserting or replacing the diodes.

[0380] In addition, the internal masking element is an opaque PSA film in adhesive contact with the second face 12.

[0381] Fig. 3 represents a schematic side-section view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 300 in a third embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0382] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment firstly in that the optical insulating layer 31 is a coating for example of at least 1, 10pm, 100pm on a polymer support 32, in particular preferably thermoplastic of at least 30pm, and the other main face of the support comprising another crosslinked polymer adhesive layer 33 identical or not to the optical insulating layer (may be of any refractive index) in contact with the second face or alternatively with a polymer layer in particular thermoplastic and upper adhesive of the lamination interlayer such as a PVB, an EVA, a TPU.

[0383] Furthermore, a so-called framing layer 90 surrounds the perimeter of the optical insulating layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or cross-linked polymer, and is in contact with the optical insulating layer, which is in adhesive contact with the third face and with the second face. The framing layer is offset from the clear glass 16. This framing layer 90, or sealing gasket, forms a protective layer optical isolator. This framing layer 90 has an opaque area 81 (black) as a masking reinforcement for light exiting towards the Fl face.

[0384] For example, an inner masking layer 7' peripheral is on the fourth face in particular congruent or of width less than the width of the inner masking layer 7.

[0385] Furthermore, the diode support 5 is L-shaped with a portion facing the fourth face. For example, the inner glazing is smaller than the outer glazing, so the diodes are under the protruding portion of the second face 121. The diodes are side-emitting.

[0386] Figure 4 shows a schematic side-section view of laminated glazing luminous motor vehicle 400 in a fourth embodiment by peripheral light injection. Fig. 4 represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Fig. 4.

[0387] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment firstly in that a second module of diodes 4', 5' is added along the opposite longitudinal edge 22.

[0388] Furthermore, the optical insulating layer (tinted or colorless) is locally opaque (black) in the form of two black bands 82 along the coupling edges 21,22 offset from the clear glass 16 (under the internal masking layer 16). To achieve this, a molecular coloring agent can be added to the crosslinked polymer material.

[0389] Alternatively, the opaque area forms a peripheral opaque frame.

[0390] Figure 5 represents a schematic side-section view of laminated glazing luminous motor vehicle 500 in a fifth embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0391] This embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment firstly in that the lamination interlayer has between the second face 12 and the optical insulating layer 31 an upper adhesive layer 91 for example thermoplastic such as a PVB (preferably with plasticizers) of thickness approximately 0.4mm or an OCA (of any refractive index in particular greater than ni), upper adhesive layer 91 tinted or colorless.

[0392] The first sheet of glass 1 may remain tinted (VG 10 etc) or be colorless.

[0393] The opaque zone 83 of the optical insulating layer forms an opaque peri-frame pherical.

[0394] The optical insulating layer 31 may be a film or comprise a film or a coating on the third face 13.

[0395] Figure 6 shows a schematic side-section view of laminated glazing luminous motor vehicle 600 in a sixth embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0396] This embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment first in that instead of the opaque area of ​​the optical insulator layer an internal opaque element 84 (masking reinforcement) is a peripheral area of ​​the upper adhesive layer 91 (two disjointed strips or frame).

[0397] The first sheet of glass 1 may remain tinted (VG10 etc) or be colorless.

[0398] This area 84 can alternatively be another opaque (black) material than the upper adhesive layer 91. Alternatively, it can be an opaque PVB-based layer on the upper PVB-based adhesive layer 91 (any main face of layer 91).

[0399] For example, diodes 4, 4' on PCB support 5,5' are side-emitting.

[0400] The optical insulating layer 31 may be a film or comprise a film or a coating on the third face 13.

[0401] Figure 7 represents a schematic side-section view of laminated glazing luminous motor vehicle 700 in a seventh embodiment by peripheral light injection.

[0402] This embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment primarily in that the lamination interlayer comprises, between the third face 13 and the optical insulating layer 31, a lower adhesive layer 91, for example, a thermoplastic such as PVB (preferably with plasticizers) approximately 0.4 mm thick, or an OCA (with any refractive index, particularly greater than ni), a lower adhesive layer 92 being colorless. The lower adhesive layer 92 is, for example, of the same material and / or thickness as the upper adhesive layer 91. The upper adhesive layer 91 may be omitted.

[0403] If the second sheet 2 is made of organic glass, for example PC, a TPU may be preferred for the lower adhesive layer 92, and the first sheet 1 may be made of tempered (thermally), tinted, or colorless glass. The upper adhesive layer 91 may be omitted.

[0404] Furthermore, an optical extraction film 60 is inserted between the optical insulating layer 31 and the lower adhesive layer 92. This film guides light into the lower adhesive layer 92 and is in particular a polymer film with a thickness of 100 to 300 µm, having diffusing zones 6' on any principal face. The lower adhesive layer 92 is also present around the periphery of the optical extraction film 60 (for example, by thinning during the process).

[0405] Figure 8 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit for a motor vehicle 101 in a first embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall. Figure 8' shows a schematic front view of the glass unit in Figure 8.

[0406] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment 100 by the injection of light and the localization of the light source 4.

[0407] Diodes 4 on a support 5 are in a through hole 18 (offset from the clear glass 16), of circular shape, in the second sheet of glass delimited by an internal wall 17 and closed by a cover 50 such as a metal sheet or any other optical shutter on the third side 13. The diode support 5 forms a cover glued by an adhesive 61 to the fourth side 14.

[0408] An opaque element 80 for masking the hole, hood and diodes, which is a black disc, is in the lamination interlayer under the internal masking layer 7.

[0409] And we doubled the means by adding other diodes 4 are in another through hole (offset from the clear glass 16), circular in shape closed by another cover 50' and masked by another opaque element 80' masking the hole, cover and diodes, which is a black disc

[0410] The holes are here on the front lateral edge of the roof 20.

[0411] The masking layer 7 is often wider at the front than at the rear edge 20'.

[0412] Figure 9 represents a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a glazing luminous laminated automotive vehicle 201 in a second embodiment by injection of light via an internal glass wall.

[0413] This embodiment 201 differs from the previous embodiment 101 firstly in that the optical insulating layer 31 is a coating for example of at least 1, 10pm, 100pm on a polymer support 32, in particular preferably thermoplastic of at least 30pm, and the other main face of the support comprising another crosslinked polymer adhesive layer 33 identical or not to the optical insulating layer (may be of any refractive index) in contact with the second face 12 or alternatively with a polymer layer in particular thermoplastic and upper adhesive of the lamination interlayer such as a PVB, an EVA, a TPU.

[0414] Furthermore, a so-called framing layer 90 surrounds the perimeter of the optical insulating layer 31 and layers 32 and 33. This framing layer 90 is preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or a cross-linked polymer and is in contact with the optical insulating layer, which is in adhesive contact with the third face and with the second face. The framing layer is offset from the clear glass 16. This framing layer 90, or sealing joint, forms a protective layer for the optical insulating layer. This framing layer 90 has an opaque area 81' (black) as reinforcement to mask light exiting towards the first face (F1) and also to prevent light haloing exiting towards the fourth face (F4) due to the opaque area extending 5 cm beyond the wall 17 in the injection border.

[0415] Figure 10 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit of a motor vehicle 301 in a third embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall. Figure 10' shows a schematic front view of the glass unit of Figure 10.

[0416] This third embodiment differs from the first embodiment 201 firstly in that two other diode modules 4',5' are added in two rear holes 17' near the rear lateral edge 20' of the glazing in particular roof.

[0417] A first opaque element 82' in the form of a peripheral lateral black band serves both to mask the two front holes and to act as an anti-halo, the band protruding 5cm from the walls 17 of the two front holes near the front lateral edge 20.

[0418] Various forms of internal opaque and anti-halo element can be used.

[0419] For example, a second opaque element 820 in the form of a peripheral black rectangle serves both to mask a rear hole and as an anti-halation device, the rectangle extending 5cm beyond the wall of the first rear hole and therefore present in the injection rim

[0420] A third opaque 85' element in the form of a peripheral black disc serves both to mask the second rear hole and to act as an anti-halo, the black disc protruding 5cm from the wall of the second rear hole and therefore present in the injection rim.

[0421] Each of the first, second, and third opaque elements is an opaque area of ​​the optical insulating layer. Alternatively, this opaque area, forming internal masking and / or anti-halation of the optical insulating layer, is two disjointed opaque peripheral bands or even an opaque frame that can extend to the edge of the second sheet and even cover all or part of that edge.

[0422] Extraction patterns 6 are for example of several forms, forming signage or not, for example pictogram for internal signage in the case of a windscreen or side window (or roof).

[0423] Fig. 11 represents a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 401 in a fourth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall.

[0424] This fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment 301 firstly in that additional diode modules are not necessarily added. The lamination interlayer comprises, between the second face 12 and the optical insulating layer 31, a top adhesive layer 91, for example thermoplastic such as PVB (preferably with plasticizers) of approximately 0.4 mm thickness or OCA (of any refractive index, in particular greater than ni), top adhesive layer 91 tinted or colorless.

[0425] The first sheet of glass 1 may remain tinted (VG10 etc) or be colorless.

[0426] The opaque 83' internal and anti-halo zone (band or disc or rectangle etc.) of the The optical insulating layer is in adhesive contact with this upper layer and with the cover and the third face 13 /

[0427] Alternatively, another material can be chosen for this opaque area.

[0428] Figure 12 represents a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass unit of a motor vehicle 501 in a fifth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall.

[0429] This embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment 401 firstly in that the upper adhesive layer 91 has an opaque peripheral area for masking the hole 84'.

[0430] The fourth face 14 has an internal masking layer 7', for example a black enamel which is anti-halo 89 at the injection edge for 5cm. The ITO-based layer is optionally omitted.

[0431] Another light extraction element 6' has been added on face 14.

[0432] Figure 13 shows a schematic side-section view of laminated glazing luminous motor vehicle 601 in a sixth embodiment by injection of light through an internal glass wall.

[0433] This embodiment differs from the third embodiment 301 firstly in that the fourth face 14 has an internal masking layer 7' for example a black enamel which is anti halo 89, 89' at the injection edge over 5cm for front rear holes.

[0434] The optical insulating layer 31 is locally tinted 84' to form a masking element for the front and rear holes.

[0435] To add extraction zones, a light-extracting film 60 was inserted between the optical insulating layer 31 and the third face 13.

[0436] The optical extractor film 60 guides light into the lower adhesive layer 92, in particular a polymer film with a thickness of 100 to 300 µm having diffusing areas 6' on any principal face. A frame adhesive layer 92' is also present around the perimeter of the optical extractor film 60, for example, based on PVB like the lower adhesive layer.

[0437] Fig. 14 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glass of a motor vehicle 102 in a first embodiment by injection of light passing through the glass 2.

[0438] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment 100 by the injection of light and the localization of the light source 4.

[0439] Diodes 4 (here front-emitting) on ​​a support 5 are opposite (or offset) the fourth main face 14 and optical coupling with the second sheet 2 is done via a light redirection element for guidance, local such as a redirecting optical film 9, on the side of the third main face (or fourth main face) facing the internal masking layer 7.

[0440] For example, it is a prismatic polymer film with prisms 93 and a flat part 94 glued or fixed by suction to the third face and of thickness between 100 and 300pm covered by the optical insulating layer 31. The film forms a longitudinal band like the linear type light source 4 along a longitudinal edge of the roof for example.

[0441] An opaque masking element 85 is within the interlayer 3 under the internal masking layer 7. It forms a longitudinal band 85.

[0442] Fig. 15 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing of a motor vehicle 202 in a second embodiment by injection of light passing through the glass 2. Fig. 15' represents a schematic front view of the glazing of Fig. 15.

[0443] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment 100 in that a local and peripheral area 86 of the optical insulating layer 31 is opaque (black) serves both as a masking of the light source 4 and as an anti-halo extending from the inner edge of the director film 9 by 5cm.

[0444] More precisely, we doubled the means by adding another source 4', another redirecting film 9' and another masking zone 86 along the other longitudinal edge 10'.

[0445] Fig. 16 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 302 in a third embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0446] This embodiment 302 differs from the last embodiment 202 in that the optical insulating layer is framed by a peripheral sealing layer 90 in particular with an opaque masking zone 87 and we have a part 87' of the optical insulating layer which is opaque (black) and forms an anti-halo element protruding from the inner edge of the director film 9 by 5cm.

[0447] Fig. 17 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 402 in a fourth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0448] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment 102 firstly in that the ITO-based layer has a 15' space at the light source 4. A top adhesive layer 91, for example based on PVB, carrying a PVB-based coating and opaque 87', has been added for masking.

[0449] Fig. 18 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 502 in a fifth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0450] This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment 402 firstly in that the ITO 15-based layer does not have a spacing at the light source 4. The optical insulating layer locally has an opaque area 87' used for masking and antihalo extending from the inner edge of the director film 9 by 5cm.

[0451] Fig. 19 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 602 in a sixth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0452] This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment 502 firstly in that the optical insulating layer has a local opaque zone 88' serving only as an antihalation layer, extending 5 cm beyond the inner edge of the director film 9. The upper adhesive layer has a local opaque zone 89 serving for masking.

[0453] Fig. 20 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 702 in a seventh embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0454] This embodiment differs from the preceding fourth embodiment 402 by two additions under the optical insulator layer 31 - a 60 extraction film (as already described) with a 6' diffusing layer - an inner adhesive layer for example PVB (or TPU if sheet 2 is PC).

[0455] The fourth side 14 has a black anti-halo layer 89 extending 5cm from the inner edge of the director film 9; it is an area of ​​an inner masking layer 7' with a spacing 70' at the diodes 4.

[0456] An internal anti-halation element can be added on the third face extending 5cm beyond the inner edge of the director film 9.

[0457] Fig. 21 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated automotive glazing 802 in an eighth embodiment by injection of light passing through a glass.

[0458] This embodiment 802 differs from the fifth embodiment firstly in that the ITO-based layer has a cutout at the light source 4 and the fourth face 14 has a black anti-halation layer 89 extending 5 cm beyond the inner edge of the director film 9. The opaque internal masking layer 89' is a sealing frame surrounding the upper adhesive layer 91 and the optical insulator layer 3 (with its optional black local area 88' forming an anti-halation layer).

Claims

Demands

1. Luminous vehicle glazing, particularly for road vehicles (100 to 802), comprising: - laminated glazing, preferably curved, comprising: - a first sheet (1), of mineral or organic glass, with a first principal face (11) and a second principal face (12) - a second sheet (2), of mineral or organic glass, with a third bare or coated principal face (13) and a fourth principal face (14), the second sheet having a refractive index n0 of at least 1.5 in the visible spectrum - a polymer laminate interlayer (3) in adhesive contact with the second bare or coated face and with the third bare or coated face - between the second and third faces, an optical insulating layer (3, 31), optically isolating the second sheet from the first sheet, with a refractive index ni in the visible spectrum, and with n0-nl which is at least 0.04 in the visible spectrum, optical insulating layer having a thickness of at least 500nm,- preferably a light source (4) in optical coupling with the second sheet forming a light guide, - preferably means for extracting guided light (6) in the second sheet, characterized in that the optical insulating layer is an adhesive layer of cross-linked polymer material, forming all or part of the lamination interlayer.

2. Light-up vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim characterized in that the optical insulating layer is in adhesive contact with the third face or with an underlying adhesive layer called lower (92) made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer with a refractive index n2 greater than ni in the visible and / or the optical insulating layer is preferably in adhesive contact with the second face or with an overlying adhesive layer called upper (91) made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer and in adhesive contact with the second face.

3. Illuminated vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-linked polymer material of the optical insulating layer and / or of an upper or lower adhesive layer of the cross-linked polymer laminate interlayer, is chosen from polyacrylate-based polymers, in particular urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate, polysiloxanes, silicone, in particular polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy polymer or polyepoxides, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester and in particular the crosslinked polymer material of the optical insulating layer is preferably chosen from an acrylate-based polymer, in particular urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate or silicone-based, and the polymer further having a fluorinated function.

4. Light-up vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the optical insulating layer is tinted and / or an upper adhesive layer of the lamination interlayer, made of thermoplastic material or cross-linked polymer, is tinted.

5. Light-filled vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that at least one optical film (60) is between the optical insulating layer and the third face, and even in contact with the optical insulating layer, and in that the optical film, in particular polymer, is chosen from: - an extractor film, forming a means of extracting guided light into the second sheet or into a layer underlying the optical insulating layer - and / or a redirector film, local, forming means of redirecting light into the second sheet of glass from a light source (4) on the fourth face or even offset from the glazing.

6. Light-up vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the optical insulating layer, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face, is a coating on a polymer support (32), in particular thermoplastic and preferably of a thickness of at least 30pm, and the other main face of the support optionally comprising another cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (33) in contact with the second face or with a polymer layer, in particular thermoplastic and adhesive upper layer of the lamination interlayer.

7. Luminous vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optical insulating layer, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face and / or an upper or lower adhesive layer of crosslinked polymer of the lamination interlayer, is a crosslinked polymer-based film, in particular of less than 30pm, chosen from: - pressure-sensitive film, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face, and preferably chosen from polymers based on acrylate, urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or silicone - a so-called post-adhesive film of polymer partially photo-crosslinked before assembly and photo-crosslinked after assembly, and preferably based on acrylate.

8. Vehicle luminous glazing according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the outer edge or edge of the optical insulating layer and even of the lamination interlayer, is offset from the clear glass, in particular optical insulating layer extending under an internal peripheral masking layer between the second face and the optical insulating layer.

9. Illuminated vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that a so-called framing layer surrounds the perimeter of the optical insulating layer, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive layer or cross-linked polymer and in contact with the optical insulating layer and even possibly in adhesive contact with the third face and even with the second face, in particular framing layer offset by a clear window.

10. Vehicle luminous glazing according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer (1) between the third face and the second face, and even covering the perimeter of the optical insulating layer, in particular in contact with the second main face, in particular defining a clear window and in that it optionally comprises in particular when the second sheet is an inner glazing, an internal, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth main face, in particular congruent with or of a width less than the width of the internal masking layer.

11. Illuminated vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a peripheral opaque element (80 to 85) between the second and third faces and even between an internal masking layer and the third face, in particular internal masking of a light injection zone via a hole in the second light-guide sheet, preferably the inner glazing, or of a light source on the fourth face, the second The sheet is preferably an interior glazing and forms a light guide.

12. Illuminated vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim characterized in that the internal opaque element is a layer in particular a locally opaque zone of the optical insulating layer or of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer such as a lower adhesive layer under the optical insulating layer or a top adhesive layer on the optical insulating layer or a framing layer around the perimeter of the optical insulating layer or even of a film in particular a polymer inserted within the lamination interlayer.

13. Vehicle light glazing according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a peripheral light source, in particular under an internal masking layer, in optical coupling with the second sheet forming a light guide, preferably the inner glazing and in that it comprises an opaque anti-halo element at the edge of a light injection zone in the guide, in contact with the third face, preferably of a width of no more than 10cm and / or in that it comprises another opaque anti-halo element on the fourth face facing an edge of a light injection zone in the guide, preferably of a width of no more than 10cm.

14. Vehicle luminous glazing according to the preceding claim characterized in that the internal opaque anti-halo element has a refractive index n' 1 in the visible such that nO-n' 1 is at least 0.04 in the visible and even at least 0.1 and in that the absolute value difference n' 1-nl is at most 0.04 in the visible and even at most 0.

01.

15. Illuminated vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that light is injected from a light source optically coupled to the second light-guided sheet, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, by: 1) a slice of the second glass sheet; 2) or a wall of a hole in the second glass sheet, in particular a hole offset from a clear pane, facing an internal masking layer; 3) or a light redirection element, such as a local optical redirection film, on the third or fourth principal surface, the light source then being opposite or offset from the fourth principal surface, in particular direct optical coupling or via optics, in particular a light source and element of redirecting light offset from a clear window, facing an internal masking layer.

16. Luminous vehicle glazing, in particular road glazing, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sheet is the outer sheet, the glazing is selected from a roof, a windscreen, a side window, or in that the first sheet is the inner sheet, the glazing is selected from a windscreen, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing, in particular the outer sheet is made of mineral glass.

17. A vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, incorporating at least one luminous glazing according to one of the preceding claims.

18. A method for manufacturing luminous vehicle glazing, in particular road glazing, according to any one of claims 1 to 16 comprising: - an assembly of the first sheet of glass, the lamination interlayer comprising at least the optical insulating layer and the second sheet of glass, the optical insulating layer being a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film in partially photocrosslinked polymer material before assembly or a coating on a polymer support, - a lamination comprising degassing and positive pressure.

19. A method for manufacturing luminous vehicle glazing, in particular road glazing, according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising an assembly of the first sheet of glass, the lamination interlayer comprising at least the optical insulating layer and the second sheet of glass, the method comprising, before assembly, the deposition of the optical insulating layer on the second and / or first sheet of glass and preferably a photocrosslinking.

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