Device for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, intended for the detection of the presence of at least one analyte in said biological sample

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, intended for the detection of the presence of at least one analyte in said biological sample. The rapid analysis device (1) comprises a housing (2) and a cap (8) defining an internal volume (8') suitable for enclosing an absorbent block (7). The cap (8) has at least one through-hole (81) opening into said internal volume (8') and adapted for the introduction of a liquid reagent (R) into the internal volume (8') of the cap (8). Figure for the abstract: 4

Description

Title of the invention: Device for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, intended for the detection of the presence of at least one analyte in said biological sample Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of devices for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, for example a saliva sample. State of the art

[0002] A rapid diagnostic test, called a "rapid screening test", is a test which makes it possible to quickly establish (in a few minutes) the presence of at least one analyte of interest in a biological sample.

[0003] This approach classically uses the phenomena of chemical reactions by immunochromatography on strips (also called "lateral flow test") which produce a particular color allowing the result to be interpreted immediately.

[0004] This technique has the advantage of being simple, quick, and inexpensive. Such tests can also be used in the doctor's office, at the patient's bedside, or in the field.

[0005] Some sampling techniques require several steps to transfer the biological sample from a sampling device to the strip. This is the case, for example, with salivary biological samples.

[0006] However, it is always interesting to propose solutions that allow the analysis of a biological sample directly from the sampling device, in particular in order to limit handling and the risk of contamination. Presentation of the invention

[0007] In order to remedy the aforementioned drawback of the prior art, the present invention proposes a device for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, for example a salivary biological sample, intended for the detection of the presence of at least one analyte in said biological sample.

[0008] More specifically, the rapid analysis device according to the invention comprises a housing which includes:

[0009] - a location intended to receive a chromatographic strip designed for detect the presence of said at least one analyte, advantageously an immunochromatographic strip, and

[0010] - a base equipped with an absorbent block adapted to collect said sample biological.

[0011] The location and the absorbing block are in fluidic communication.

[0012] And, according to the invention, said rapid analysis device comprises a de- cap limiting an internal volume suitable for enveloping the absorbent block.

[0013] The housing and the cap cooperate together by means of assembly means allowing the cap to be moved between two positions:

[0014] - a first position in which said cap is moved away from said block absorbent, particularly useful for collecting said biological sample, and

[0015] - a second position, in which said absorbent block is advantageously housed without being compressed, within the internal volume of said cap.

[0016] And the cap has at least one through orifice which opens into said internal volume and which is adapted for the introduction of a liquid reagent into the internal volume of the cap in said second position.

[0017] Such a rapid analysis device according to the invention has the advantage of enclosing the absorbent block after the sampling operation, which ensures optimal user safety against any contamination.

[0018] The rapid analysis device according to the invention also has the advantage of allowing the user to apply a liquid reagent to the absorbent block wrapped by the cap (without having to remove the cap to release the absorbent block).

[0019] Other non-limiting and advantageous features of the product according to the invention, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations, are as follows:

[0020] - the absorbent block comprises two parts: an upstream part, secured with the base and a downstream part, projecting from said base;

[0021] - the absorbent block has an elongated shape with a lateral surface; the cap includes at least one side wall forming a skirt, intended to face the side surface of said absorbent block; and said at least one through orifice is provided in said at least one side wall of said cap; preferably, the absorbent block has a parallelepiped shape having two front faces, the cap includes two front walls intended to face, in said second position, said two front faces of the absorbent block, and said at least one through orifice is provided in one of the two front walls of said cap;

[0022] - the base comprises an external surface having at least one groove and / or a rib, to serve as a tooth clip and / or elastic interlocking means for the cap in the first position and / or the second position;

[0023] - the assembly means consist of removable assembly means of the cap relative to the housing, which housing includes removable means for receiving the cap, for example the base of the absorbent block and / or an additional support element, separate from said base;

[0024] - the assembly means consist of fixed assembly means of the cap relative to the housing, which fixed assembly means advantageously consist of assembly means conferring a degree of freedom, advantageously in pivoting and / or translation, of the cap relative to the housing;

[0025] - the housing has a generally elongated shape defining a longitudinal axis and comprising two ends, and one of said ends comprises said base equipped with said absorbent block.

[0026] The present invention further relates to a system for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, intended for the detection of the presence of at least one analyte in said biological sample, for example a salivary biological sample.

[0027] The rapid analysis system comprises:

[0028] - said rapid analysis device according to the invention, and

[0029] - a liquid reagent, for example a migration buffer or a complementary reagent commentary for sample processing or a specific chemical / biochemical or immunological functionality.

[0030] The present invention further relates to a method for the rapid analysis of a biological sample using a rapid analysis device according to the invention.

[0031] The process comprises:

[0032] - a maneuver of the cap from the first position to the second position, then

[0033] - the introduction of the appropriate volume of liquid reagent through said at least one opening of the cap in said second position.

[0034] Of course, the various features, variants, and embodiments of the invention can be combined in various ways, provided they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. Detailed description of the invention

[0035] In addition, various other features of the invention become apparent from the attached description made with reference to the drawings which illustrate non-limiting embodiments of the invention and where:

[0036] [Fig-1] is a general and perspective view of a rapid analysis device according to the invention in which the removable cap is in a second position (the absorbent block being housed in the internal volume of the cap);

[0037] [Fig.2] is a general and perspective view of a rapid analysis device according to the invention in which the cap is in a first position (the cap is moved away from the absorbent block):

[0038] [Fig.3] is a general view, according to a longitudinal section plane, of the rapid analysis device according to [Fig.1];

[0039] [Fig.4] is a general view illustrating, schematically, the implementation of the rapid device according to [Fig.1];

[0040] [Fig.5] is a general view of another rapid analysis device according to the invention in which the removable cap is movable between an additional support element, separate from the base (A) and said base of the absorbing block (B);

[0041] [Fig.6] is a general view of another rapid analysis device according to the invention in which the cap, which is fixed, is movable in translation relative to the housing;

[0042] [Fig.7] is a general view of another rapid analysis device according to the invention in which the cap, which is not removable, is rotatable relative to the housing.

[0043] It should be noted that, in these figures, the structural and / or functional elements common to the different variants may have the same references.

[0044] Of course, various other modifications can be made to the invention within the scope of the annexed claims.

[0045] According to the invention, the device 1 for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, also called "rapid analysis device 1", is intended for the detection of the presence of at least one analyte in a biological sample.

[0046] As described below in relation to the figures, the rapid analysis device 1 according to the invention comprises a housing 2 which includes:

[0047] - a location 3 intended to receive a chromatographic strip 5 designed to detect the presence of said analyte, advantageously an immunochromatographic strip, and

[0048] - a base 6 equipped with an absorbent block 7 adapted to collect the sample biological.

[0049] Generally, location 3 and absorbing block 7 are in fluidic communication.

[0050] And, according to the invention, the rapid analysis device 1 includes a cap 8 delimiting an internal volume 8' suitable for enveloping the absorbent block 7.

[0051] The housing 2 and the cap 8 cooperate together by means of assembly means 9 allowing the cap 8 to be moved between two positions:

[0052] - a first position in which the cap 8 is moved away from the block absorbent 7, particularly useful for collecting the biological sample ([Fig.2]), and

[0053] - a second position, in which the absorbent block 7 is housed (advantageously without being compressed) in the internal volume 8' of the cap 8 (figures 1 and 3).

[0054] And the cap 8 has at least one through orifice 81 which opens into the internal volume 8' and which is adapted for the introduction of a liquid reagent into the internal volume 8' of the cap 8 in the second position mentioned above. Generality

[0055] By "detection" we thus advantageously mean the qualitative determination (advantageously the presence or absence), or even quantitative determination, of one or more analytes in a biological sample.

[0056] By "analyte" is meant any chemical, biochemical, or biological entity that one wishes to detect in a biological sample.

[0057] This chemical entity advantageously consists of an entity from the living world, preferably from the plant world or the animal world, preferably still present in the human being.

[0058] Among the analytes detected by the system and method according to the present invention, we will mention in particular proteins, peptides, antibodies, hormones, steroids, antigens derived from infectious agents or tumor cells, infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses or parasites, nucleic acids (DNA or RNA), therapeutic compounds, drugs or antibiotics.

[0059] The term "infectious agent" preferably means:

[0060] - viruses, in particular viruses responsible for pneumonia, advantageously Coronaviridae, preferably Orthocoronavirinae or coronavirus,

[0061] - parasites, for example parasites of the genus Plasmodium.

[0062] By “coronavirus”, we include SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2.

[0063] The term “biological sample” advantageously means any sample taken on an individual (human or animal in particular) and in which the analyte is sought.

[0064] This biological sample may in particular be any biological or bodily fluid, and preferably a salivary biological sample or salivary swab (saliva is a biological fluid secreted by the salivary glands, inside the mouth).

[0065] By “biological sample”, we also include surface samples, etc. for the detection of biomarkers (bacteria, viruses, DNA, RNA, proteins, chemical / biochemical substances, etc.).

[0066] The liquid sample may also have been obtained directly, or indirectly, from a biological or bodily fluid.

[0067] The sample can also be a liquid extract of a solid sample, for example excrement, food products, tissue and organ samples, biopsy samples, etc. Housing

[0068] Preferably, the housing 2 has a generally elongated shape defining a longitudinal axis 2'.

[0069] The housing 2 advantageously comprises two ends 2a, 2b:

[0070] - a first end 2a which advantageously comprises the base 6 receiving the absorbent block 7, and

[0071] - a second end 2b, opposite said first end 2a.

[0072] In general, the housing 2 is advantageously of a general parallelepiped shape, forming a cassette.

[0073] The location 3 of the housing 2 advantageously comprises two front walls 31, 32 (a rear wall 31 and a front wall 32) between which the chromatographic strip 5 is attached.

[0074] The front walls 31, 32 include in particular support structures ([Fig.3]), adapted to carry the chromatographic strip 5 so as to optimize continuous capillary diffusion.

[0075] The front wall 32 advantageously includes a reading window 321 opposite which a capture zone for the chromatographic strip 5 is intended to be positioned.

[0076] The base 6 of the housing 2 advantageously has an external surface 61 having at least one groove and / or rib (here a groove).

[0077] Such an external surface 61 can serve as a clamping tooth and / or elastic interlocking means for the cap 8 in the first position and / or the second position. Absorbent block

[0078] Generally, the absorbent block 7 is for example made of a material chosen from among sponges of natural or synthetic origin (cotton, silicone, rubber, cellulose, etc.).

[0079] The absorbent block 7 is made of an inert absorbent material, for example a wadding or foam made of cellulose fibers.

[0080] The absorbent block 7 has a capacity to absorb any liquid placed in contact with it and to return at least part of the previously absorbed liquid onto the chromatographic strip 5.

[0081] The absorbing block 7 advantageously comprises a longitudinal axis 7'.

[0082] Preferably, the longitudinal axis 7' of the absorbing block 7 is parallel (preferably coaxial) to the longitudinal axis 2' of the housing 2.

[0083] As illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, the absorbent block 7 comprises two parts:

[0084] - an upstream part 71, secured to the base 6, and

[0085] - a downstream part 72, projecting (preferably erect, including in a wet state) compared to base 6.

[0086] The upstream part 71 is advantageously encircled by the base 6. This upstream part 71 is advantageously in continuous capillary contact with an upstream end of the chromatographic strip 5.

[0087] In general, the absorbent block 7 has an elongated shape with a lateral surface 75.

[0088] The absorbent block 7 advantageously has a general shape of a tab or of platinum.

[0089] Preferably, the absorbent block 7 has a parallelepiped shape comprising a lateral surface 75 having in particular:

[0090] - two front faces 751, advantageously in continuity with the front walls 31, 32 of case 2, and

[0091] - two transverse faces 752. Cap

[0092] The cap 8 includes at least one side wall 85 forming a skirt, intended to come into contact with the side surface 75 of the absorbent block 7.

[0093] Said at least one through orifice 81 is provided in said at least one side wall 85 of the cap 8.

[0094] Preferably, this cap 8 has a general parallelepiped shape.

[0095] Preferably, the side wall 85 of the cap comprises:

[0096] - two front walls 851 intended to come, in the second position, opposite the two front faces 751 of the absorbent block 7, and

[0097] - at least one transverse wall 852 (advantageously a transverse wall or two transverse walls) intended to come, in the second position, opposite a transverse face 752 of the absorbing block 7.

[0098] And said at least one through orifice 81 is advantageously provided in one of the two front walls 851 of the cap 8.

[0099] Said at least one through orifice 81 thus opens advantageously opposite a front face 751 of the absorbing block 7.

[0100] According to an embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 or 7, the side wall 85 further advantageously comprises:

[0101] - a first free border 853, through which the internal volume opens 8', and

[0102] - a second border 854 connected to a terminal wall 86, closing the volume internal 8'.

[0103] According to one embodiment illustrated in [Fig.6], the side wall 85 further advantageously comprises two free edges 853, 854. Assembly methods

[0104] The assembly means 9 (allowing the cap 8 to be moved between the two positions mentioned above) can take various forms.

[0105] According to one embodiment illustrated through figures 1 to 5, the assembly means 9 advantageously consist of assembly means 9 removable of the cap 8 relative to the housing 2.

[0106] The housing 2 and the cap 8 then cooperate by means of assembly means 9 removable.

[0107] For this purpose, the housing 2 then advantageously includes removable receiving means 91 which are adapted to the removable receiving of the cap 8 (advantageously by fitting or snap-fitting).

[0108] These removable receiving means 91 are, for example, formed by:

[0109] - the base 6 of the absorbent block 7 (Figures 1 to 4) and / or

[0110] - an additional support element 911, separate from the base 6, preferably provided at level of a second end 2b of the housing 2 ([Fig.5]).

[0111] The fitting, or coupling, is advantageously carried out through the first free edge 853 of the cap 8 through which the internal volume 8' opens.

[0112] For example, the base 6 forms the removable receiving means 91 allowing the second position in which the absorbent block 7 is housed (advantageously without being compressed) in the internal volume 8' of the cap 8.

[0113] In this case, according to the embodiment illustrated in figures 1 to 4, the cap 8 is separated from the housing 2 to obtain the first position.

[0114] Again in this case, according to the embodiment illustrated in [Fig.5], the cap 8 is attached, advantageously by fitting or snapping, to the additional support member 911 of the housing 2 to obtain the first position.

[0115] According to another embodiment illustrated through figures 6 and 7, the assembly means 9 advantageously consist of assembly means 92, 93 which are fixed to the cap 8 relative to the housing 2.

[0116] The fixed assembly means 9 advantageously consist of assembly means 9 giving a degree of freedom to the cap 8 with respect to the housing 2.

[0117] Preferably, the cap 8 is movable relative to the housing 2 between the two positions:

[0118] - the first position in which the cap 8 is moved away from the block absorbing 7 and, advantageously, is located at position 3 intended to receive the chromatographic strip 5, and

[0119] - the second position in which the cap 8 is moved away from location 3 for wrapping the absorbent block 7 (advantageously without being compressed) in its internal volume 8'.

[0120] The assembly means 9 are advantageously chosen from among the assembly means 92 conferring a degree of freedom in translation ([Fig.6]) and / or the assembly means 93 conferring a degree of freedom in pivoting ([Fig.7]).

[0121] According to the embodiment illustrated in [Fig.6], the cap 8 consists of a sheath, here comprising two front walls 851 and two transverse walls 852.

[0122] This cap 8 is open at its two edges 853, 854.

[0123] The cap 8 is guided in translation along the location 3, parallel to the longitudinal axis 2' of the housing 2.

[0124] According to the embodiment illustrated in [Fig.7], the cap 8 consists of a sheath, here comprising two front walls 851 and a terminal wall 86.

[0125] A first free edge 853 cooperates with the location 3 by means of the assembly means 9, 93 having a degree of freedom in pivoting.

[0126] These assembly means 9, 93 include for example a cylindrical trunnion / pin pair, at the level of each of the front walls 851 of the cap 8 and of each of the front walls 31, 32 of the housing 2.

[0127] The cap 8 is guided in rotation, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 2' of the housing 2. Chromatographic strip

[0128] The chromatographic strip 5, brought into position 3 of the housing 2 and also called "capillary diffusion means", advantageously an immunochromatographic strip, is designed to detect the presence of said at least one analyte.

[0129] These chromatographic strips 5 are formed of any means constituting or acting as a continuous capillary diffusion unit, by lateral migration (i.e. perpendicular to the thickness of the capillary material(s) used for capillary diffusion).

[0130] This capillary diffusion means advantageously consists of a porous solid support allowing the migration of a liquid by simple capillary diffusion.

[0131] The porosity of this support allows capillary diffusion (or lateral migration) of the sample and / or reagents in liquid or wet state.

[0132] Such capillary diffusion methods are very widely used, particularly in all lateral migration immunochromatography techniques.

[0133] Such a chromatographic strip 5 here consists of a support elongated along the direction and / or sense of capillary diffusion (lateral migration).

[0134] The chromatographic strip 5 may consist of:

[0135] - a single capillary or porous material, or

[0136] - several different capillary or porous elements or materials, suitably arranged in relation to each other (for example by overlapping), to obtain a continuity of capillary flow from one element or material to another, according to the direction of capillary diffusion.

[0137] Such a chromatographic strip 5 determines a direction and sense of capillary diffusion of any liquid which is received or deposited at an upstream end, and which then moves towards a downstream end of the chromatographic strip 5.

[0138] By way of example, the chromatographic strip 5 can be made of various immunochromatographic supports, for example cellulose, nylon, nitro- cellulose, polyethylene or fiberglass.

[0139] The chromatographic strip 5 comprises different successive zones, in the direction of capillary migration from upstream to downstream, namely at least:

[0140] - a deposit area, intended to receive the biological sample,

[0141] - a release zone comprising at least one detection reagent conjugated with a visible and / or measurable marker, said detection reagent being capable of moving as a consequence of the migration of the sample along the chromatographic strip 5, and

[0142] - at least one capture zone which includes at least one capture reagent, im mobilized on the chromatographic strip 5.

[0143] Generally, the release and capture zones advantageously consist of a transverse line or band (extending perpendicularly to the direction of migration), having for example a width of between 1 and 2 mm, and a surface area of ​​between 3 and 5 mm2.

[0144] Generally, the "detection reagent" or "capture reagent" consists of any chemical, biochemical or biological entity that is capable of binding specifically to form a complex enabling the determination of said analyte in the liquid sample.

[0145] The detection reagent and / or the capture reagent are further referred to as "binding" reagents.

[0146] Such binding reagents, allowing the detection of at least one analyte in the liquid sample, are well known and can be custom-selected for the implementation of the invention.

[0147] These binding reagents are advantageously chosen from those which are capable of binding specifically with said analyte and / or of binding specifically to each other.

[0148] By “bind” or “bond” we mean any strong bond, for example covalent, but also any weak bond, for example of the antigen / antibody or analyte / anti-analyte type.

[0149] The binding reagents are advantageously chosen from antibodies, antigens or nucleic acids.

[0150] The analyte and the binding reagent thus typically form a pair capable of binding specifically to each other, such as for example a ligand / anti-ligand pair, an antigen / antibody pair, a DNA / RNA pair or a DNA / DNA pair.

[0151] The detection reagent(s) are advantageously conjugated to a visible and / or measurable marker, advantageously a particulate marker.

[0152] By “visible and / or measurable marker” means any marking allowing direct or indirect detection by the naked eye, or with the aid of a device, due to the emission of a signal at the level of said at least one capture zone.

[0153] The signal is for example fluorescence, coloration, the presence of an isotope, or a magnetic signal.

[0154] Examples include coloured particulate markers such as colloidal gold, or fluorescent markers, coloured latex particles, fluorescent latex particles and particles conjugated to avidin and streptavidin.

[0155] Particulate markers, coloured or fluorescent, thus consist of small particles insoluble in water and which therefore form suspensions, dispersions or solutions, in liquid phase.

[0156] Among the markers allowing direct observation with the naked eye, dextran-type markers should also be mentioned (Hansen TM, IVD Technology 4, 35-40, 2003). The binding reagent is then conjugated to a dextran chain (a polysaccharide derivative) bearing fluorophores.

[0157] The markers may also consist of enzymes (alkaline phosphatase or AP, horseradish peroxidase or HRP, in particular), dyes or chemiluminescent compounds (in particular fluorescein isothiocyanate or FITC).

[0158] For its part, in the capture zone, the analyte-specific capture reagent is immobilized on the solid support according to techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0159] This capture reagent is immobilized in such a way that it is not mobile in the wet state.

[0160] This immobilization can be achieved for example by absorption or by covalent coupling. Rapid analysis system

[0161] The present invention further relates to the system for the rapid analysis of a biological sample.

[0162] Such a rapid analysis system includes:

[0163] - the rapid analysis device 1 according to the invention, and

[0164] - a liquid reagent R (shown schematically in [Fig. 4]), for example a migration buffer or a complementary reagent for sample processing or a specific chemical / biochemical or immunological functionality.

[0165] Method for the rapid analysis of a biological sample

[0166] The present invention further relates to a method for the rapid analysis of a biological sample using a rapid analysis device 1 according to the invention.

[0167] Previously, the cap 8 is maneuvered into a first position so as to release the absorbent block 7 and to collect the biological sample ([Fig.4], A. and B.).

[0168] This process then comprises, after collection of the biological sample, the following steps:

[0169] - a maneuver of the cap 8 from the first position to the second position, so as to protect the absorbent block 7 ([Fig.4], B. and C.), then

[0170] - the introduction of the appropriate volume of liquid reagent R through said at least one orifice passing through 81 of the cap 8 in its second position ([Fig.4], C. and D.).

[0171] The biological sample then migrates along the length of the chromatographic strip 5.

[0172] The result of the analysis can be read through the reading window 321 opposite which the capture area of ​​the chromatographic strip 5 is intended to be positioned ([Fig.4]. D.).

Claims

Demands

1. A device for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, intended for the detection of the presence of at least one analyte in said biological sample, which rapid analysis device (1) comprises a housing (2) which includes: - a location (3) for receiving a chromatographic strip (5) designed to detect the presence of said at least one analyte, advantageously an immunochromatographic strip, and - a base (6) equipped with an absorbent block (7) adapted to collect said biological sample, which location (3) and which absorbent block (7) are in fluidic communication, characterized in that said rapid analysis device (1) comprises a cap (8) delimiting an internal volume (8') suitable for enclosing the absorbent block (7),which housing (2) and which cap (8) cooperate together by means of assembly means (9) permitting maneuvering of said cap (8) between two positions: - a first position in which said cap (8) is moved away from said absorbent block (7), useful in particular for collecting said biological sample, and - a second position, in which said absorbent block (7) is housed in the internal volume (8') of said cap (8), and in that said cap (8) has at least one through-hole (81) which opens into said internal volume (8') and which is adapted for the introduction of a liquid reagent (R) into the internal volume (8') of the cap (8) in said second position.

2. Rapid analysis device, according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorbing block (7) comprises two parts: - an upstream part (71), attached to the base (6), and - a downstream part (72), projecting relative to said base (6).

3. Rapid analysis device, according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the absorbent block (7) has an elongated shape having a lateral surface (75), in that the cap (8) has at least one lateral wall (85) forming a skirt, intended to come into contact with the lateral surface (75) said absorbent block (7), and in that said at least one through orifice (81) is provided in said at least one side wall (85) of said cap (8).

4. Rapid analysis device, according to claim 3, characterized in that the absorbent block (7) has a parallelepiped shape comprising two front faces (751), in that the cap (8) comprises two front walls (851) intended to come, in said second position, opposite said two front faces (751) of the absorbent block (7), and in that said at least one through orifice (81) is provided in one of the two front walls (851) of said cap (8).

5. Rapid analysis device, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base (6) has an external surface (61) having at least one groove and / or rib, to serve as a clip and / or elastic interlocking means for the cap (8) in the first position and / or the second position.

6. Rapid analysis device, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the assembly means (9) consist of removable assembly means (9, 91) of the cap (8) relative to the housing (2), which housing (2) includes removable receiving means (91) of the cap (8), for example: - the base (6) of the absorbing block (7) and / or - an additional support element, separate from said base (6).

7. Rapid analysis device, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the assembly means (9) consist of fixed assembly means (9, 92, 93) of the cap (8) relative to the housing (2), which fixed assembly means (9, 92, 93) advantageously consist of assembly means (9) conferring a degree of freedom, advantageously in pivoting and / or translation, of the cap (8) relative to the housing (2).

8. Rapid analysis device, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the housing (2) has a generally elongated shape defining a longitudinal axis (2') and having two ends (2a, 2b), in that one of said ends (2a, 2b) has said base (6) equipped with said absorbing block (7).

9. System for the rapid analysis of a biological sample, intended for the detection of the presence of at least one analyte in said biological sample, for example a salivary biological sample, which rapid analysis system comprises: - said rapid analysis device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and - a liquid reagent (R), for example a migration buffer or a complementary reagent for sample processing or a specific chemical / biochemical or immunological functionality.

10. A method for the rapid analysis of a biological sample using a rapid analysis device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which method comprises: - maneuvering the cap (8) from the first position to the second position, and then - introducing the appropriate volume of liquid reagent (R) through said at least one through-hole (81) of the cap (8) in said second position.

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