Case with injectable sheath

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for creating a barrier between a first wall (9) and a second wall by introducing a filling material into a sheath (2). According to the invention, the device is a pre-assembled kit (100) comprising: - a casing with a housing having a cavity open on one side and delimited by an open edge; - at least one bore through the bottom of the housing; and - a closed sheath (2) placed in the housing, the sheath having at least one opening in fluidic communication with said at least one bore, the dimensions of the sheath being chosen so that before filling it can be entirely contained within the housing without protrusion, and that after filling, the sheath protrudes from the housing. Figure for the abstract: Fig 5b

Description

Title of the invention: Case with injectable sheath

[0001] The invention relates to a device for producing a barrier between a first wall and a second wall by introducing a filling material into a sheath. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a prefabricated element obtained by molding and provided with a device according to the invention, in particular for manufacturing a tunnel segment, the prefabricated element having at least one face on which the housing opens and a second face. Technical field

[0002] To build a tunnel, a gallery must be excavated, which is then lined with a tube formed from a succession of rings made up of voussoirs. The voussoirs are prefabricated elements curved in an arc of a circle, generally obtained by casting in reinforced concrete. The voussoirs are either prefabricated and transported by truck to the installation site, or manufactured directly on site. There remains an annular void between the ring made up of voussoirs and the excavated ground, which must be filled with a more or less permeable material. When the tunnel is built in hard rock ground, it is sometimes necessary to create caissons in this annular space to prevent water from spreading all the way along. For this, it is known to manufacture waterproof barriers on the extrados of certain rings.

[0003] These barriers are usually made of fabric sheaths designed and made to measure. They are installed on the extrados of the voussoirs. After a complete ring made up of a plurality of voussoirs has been put in place, the sheaths are filled by injecting a cement grout, through one or more injection points. The initially folded sheath unfolds during filling to fit, on the one hand, the extrados of the voussoir ring and, on the other hand, the excavated ground by matching its irregularities. These sealing barriers are therefore placed in a radial plane relative to the axis of the tunnel.

[0004] Before injection, the folded sheath is positioned on the extrados of the segment. The size of the folded sheath must be as small as possible. To prevent it from being torn off when the tunnel boring machine's scales pass through, it is common to place it in a groove provided for this purpose in the extrados of the segment. The sheath is mechanically fixed to the segment, for example by eyelet strips and concrete screws, Velcro® type strips, or by straps. To protect the fabric of the sheath placed in the groove when the tunnel boring machine's scales pass through, and thus prevent it from being torn, a protective strip is often provided on the upper part of the folded sheath. Technical problem

[0005] However, it has proven costly and time-consuming to make engravings in the extrados of the voussoirs, then to manually place the folded ducts there. The installation of the ducts is done either on the site where the voussoirs are manufactured after they have been removed from the mold, or on the tunnel construction site. It turns out that the implementation of the ducts is a delicate operation and is often the source of poor results in use, because the operators on site do not take great care during installation. This can be explained either by a lack of preparation, resources or means, or because the operators are poorly trained or inexperienced. The damage observed is: - a seal not obtained in the contact zones at the ends of the sheath; - the formation of jamming linked to poor deployment of the sheath; - the formation of twists linked to poor installation of the sheath; - leaks at the injection point, linked to a poor intrados / sheath interface (lack of tightening). The objective of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to facilitate the installation of a sealing sheath. Statement of the invention

[0006] This objective is achieved in accordance with the invention because the device is a pre-assembled kit comprising - a case provided with a housing having a cavity open on one side and delimited by an open edge; - at least one hole passing through the bottom of the housing; and - a closed sheath placed in the housing, the sheath being provided with at least one opening in fluid communication with said at least one bore, the dimensions of the sheath being chosen so that before filling it can be entirely contained in the housing without being out of line, and that after filling, the sheath protrudes from the housing. The workshop pre-assembly of the kit makes it possible to guarantee correct positioning of the sheath in the case, which guarantees correct deployment of the sheath during injection of the filling material.

[0007] The sheath is preferably fixed to the case by fixing means, preferably by a Velcro® type self-gripping strip. This fixing is not in itself essential, but it facilitates the handling and transport of the kit.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, - the case is provided with a bottom wall and a belt made up of two longitudinal walls and two side walls, - the longitudinal walls preferably forming a substantially right angle with the bottom wall, and / or - the side walls preferably forming an obtuse angle with the bottom wall; - a seal preferably being provided on the outer face of the belt, which seal goes around the belt, and / or - a groove preferably being made in the outer face of the belt to place a sealing gasket.

[0009] It is preferable to provide a case flange around the open edge of the housing, - a molding seal preferably being placed on the upper face of the case flange located in the extension of the inner face of the housing, said molding seal going around the case flange, - said molding seal preferably being placed in a groove made on the upper face of the case flange.

[0010] Stiffening means may be provided to stiffen the case. The stiffening means are preferably made in the form of bosses made on the outer face of the case housing, in particular on the outer face of a bottom wall of the housing.

[0011] The drilling may be carried out in a recess of the housing facing outwards, preferably a recess in a bottom wall of the housing.

[0012] An injection pipe is preferably provided, the first end of which opens into the bore and the other end of which projects from the case, a non-return valve being able to be provided in said injection pipe.

[0013] The injection line may comprise - an injection sleeve, a first part of which passes through the bore and the opening of the sheath so that it projects into the latter, and a second part of which projects out of the case on the side opposite the open edge of the housing; and - a ring, preferably a nut ring, located inside the sheath and fixed, preferably by screwing, on the first part of the injection sleeve, - the ring preferably being provided with a ring flange to wedge the edge of the opening of the sheath against the bottom of the housing.

[0014] The sheath is for example made of a tubular piece made of flexible material, preferably fabric, closed at its two ends, - the sheath preferably being folded, in particular over its entire length so as to form at least one bellows, preferably two bellows, and - each bellows is preferably held in place by retaining means which can easily break under the effect of a product injected into the sheath, in particular by breaking wires; and / or - the ends of the sheath are preferably folded to form an end bellows.

[0015] A protective strip may be provided on the sheath to protect it when it is placed in the housing.

[0016] The device is particularly well suited to a tunnel segment. In this case, the housing may have a longitudinal extension and a transverse extension, the longitudinal extension of the bottom of the housing having the shape of an arc of a circle concentric with the arc of a circle forming the extrados of the segment for which it is intended, and in that the opening of the housing, and a flange surrounding the opening of the housing when there is one, has / have the same shape as the extrados of the segment for which the device is intended.

[0017] The device can be placed in the extrados of a voussoir, preferably with the outer face of the bottom of the case in contact with the reinforcement of the voussoir.

[0018] The method of the invention is characterized by the following steps: - the pre-assembled device according to the invention is prepared by providing the pre-assembled device, if it is not already provided with: - an injection line - a first end of which opens into the hole in the case and is in fluid communication with the opening in the sheath, and - the second end of which is sufficiently far from the case to be able to open onto the second face of the prefabricated element; and - if desired, a seal placed on the outer face of the case, in particular in a circular groove made around the case, the seal preferably being a hydro-inflating seal; - the device is placed in a mold so that its housing and the second end of the injection pipe are not in contact with the interior of the mold; - the mold is closed; - the material making up the prefabricated element is injected or poured into the mold; - the mold is opened and the prefabricated element with the device anchored inside is removed from the mold.

[0019] The injection line can be made by fixing a gripping sleeve on an injection sleeve already included in the pre-assembled device. Brief description of the drawings

[0020] The invention is described in more detail with the aid of the following figures which show: [Fig.l]: a case according to a first model, seen (a) in perspective, (b) from the front, (c) from the side and (d) from above; [Fig.2]: a second case of the invention similar to the case of [Fig.l], but of larger dimensions (a) seen before assembly and (b) seen assembled; [Fig.3]: an example of a voussoir fitted with a kit equipped with the case of [Fig.l] and from which the sheath has been removed; [Fig.4]: a kit anchored in a voussoir and including the case of [Fig.l] and a inwardly folded sheath shown schematically, (a) in cross-section along plane A of [Fig.3] and (b) in longitudinal section along plane B of [Fig.3] at the end of the case; [Fig.5]: a sectional view along plane B of the case of [Fig.l] anchored in a voussoir and equipped with an injection device, (a) in overall view and (b) according to an enlargement of the device for injection; [Fig.6]: the deployed sheath seen (a) in cross section along plane A, and (b) in longitudinal section along plane B; [Fig.7]: two voussoirs of different sizes (a) according to individual views, and (b) assembled to form a tunnel tube ring; [Fig.8]: a schematic view of a variant of the voussoir of figure 5a further equipped with a secondary inspection and injection device; [Fig.9]: a case of the invention according to a simpler embodiment. Detailed description

[0021] The invention relates to a kit (100) comprising a case (1, 1', 1”) in which a sealing sheath (2) is housed. This kit is intended to be anchored on the extrados (91) of a voussoir (9).

[0022] Several examples of cases are presented in the figures, namely a first case (1) described in detail, a second case (1') distinguished from the first essentially by its greater longitudinal extension, and a third case (1”) simpler than the first two. The same elements bear the same numbers and are followed by a sign “'” or “”” when they relate to the second or third case respectively.

[0023] The kit (100) and the cases (1, 1', 1'”) are shown in the figures with their opening facing upwards. Spatial references such as "top" / "bottom" or "upper" / "lower" have only a relative value in relation to the representations in the attached figures. It goes without saying that depending on the position of the voussoir in the ring forming the tunnel tube, the kit and its case may take other positions than those shown in the figures, as is clearly visible in figure 7b for example. Consequently, what is at the top in the position shown in the figures will not necessarily be so during use.

[0024] The case consists of a bottom wall (11) surrounded on its upper side by a belt (12) formed of two longitudinal walls (121) and two side walls (122). The bottom wall (11) and the belt (12) form a housing (19) open upwards, that is to say on the side opposite the bottom wall (11). In other words, the housing forms a cavity open on one side and delimited by an open edge. The case could also have a trough shape, for example semi-cylindrical, where the longitudinal walls extend the bottom wall, which may itself be curved, without forming junction angles. The same could apply to the side walls in the extension of the bottom wall.

[0025] The bottom wall (11) is preferably curved in its longitudinal extension and straight in its lateral extension as is clearly visible for example in Figure 1b and the respectively. In this case, the radius of curvature of the bottom wall (11) is preferably adapted to the radius of curvature of the extrados (91) of the voussoir (9). Consequently, the circular arc defining the bottom wall and the circular arc defining the extrados of the voussoir can be substantially concentric.

[0026] It is preferable that the longitudinal walls (121) form with the bottom wall an angle close to the right angle, or deviate only slightly from the right angle, in particular towards the outside. The sheath is thus well retained in the case, even when the tunnel boring machine scales pass through. The upper edge of the longitudinal walls (121) is preferably curved and its radius of curvature can correspond substantially to that of the extrados (91) of the segment. The lower edge of the longitudinal walls (121) has the same radius of curvature as the bottom wall (11) which it extends.

[0027] The side walls (122) preferably form an obtuse angle with the bottom wall (11), so that seen in longitudinal section along the plane (B) visible in [Fig. 3], the case flares away from the bottom wall (see figures 4b and 5a for example). The angle is for example between 135° and 140°.

[0028] A case flange (13) directed towards the outside of the case can extend the belt (12) opposite the bottom wall (11). This case flange preferably has a shape allowing it to be flush with its upper face with the extrados (91) of the voussoir as is clearly visible in Figures 4a and 5b for example.

[0029] A bore (111) passes through the bottom wall (11), preferably in its center. The bore (111) may be located in a recess (112) of the bottom wall which is directed towards the outside of the housing. In this case, the bore (111) is located at a point lower and further from the open edge of the housing than the part of the bottom wall which surrounds the recess. The recess may have a height of 15 mm for example.

[0030] To stiffen the case (1, 1'), stiffening means can be provided. In the examples shown in the figures, these stiffening means are in the form of bosses (113) distributed regularly on the bottom wall (11). These bosses (113) are made by ribs directed downwards, that is to say towards the outside of the case, so as not to encroach on the interior space (19) available for the sheath. To save material, these ribs are hollow so that the thickness of the bottom wall does not vary, or only very little, over its entire extension. The ribs extend transversely, that is to say parallel to the side walls (122). In addition, or Alternatively, one or more longitudinal bosses can be provided, i.e. parallel to the side walls. More generally, the stiffening means can take other forms. In the examples shown in the figures, the bosses are arranged every 6°, relative to the center of the arc of a circle defining the curvature of the bottom wall. They have a height of 15 mm for example.

[0031] In order to ensure a better seal between the case and the voussoir, and to prevent water from penetrating at the interface between these two elements, it is provided in an alternative embodiment to place a hydro-inflating seal (123a) on the outer face of the belt (12). This seal is especially useful when the kit (100) is in direct contact with the reinforcement of the voussoir. For this, it is possible to provide on the outer face of the belt (12) a first circular groove (123) going completely around the belt. This first groove (123) can have a depth of the order of one millimeter. To prevent the hydro-inflating seal from inflating prematurely in a humid environment during storage, it is preferable to place it in the groove (123) not during assembly of the kit, but on the site of manufacture of the voussoir, before the kit (100) is put into the mold.

[0032] Similarly, to ensure a seal between the covers of the voussoir mold and the case when the mold is closed and the concrete is injected into the mold, it is preferable to provide a molding joint (131a) going around the housing (19). In the example presented here, the molding joint (131a) is placed in a second groove (131) made on the upper face of the case flange (13), a face which is in the extension of the inner face of the housing (19). This prevents the penetration of concrete laitance into the kit (100) during concreting of the voussoir. The molding joint is for example a foam joint with a section of 15x5 mm. The groove (131) has for example a depth of one millimeter.

[0033] In order to be able to inject a cement grout, or any other suitable material, into the sheath to form the sealing barrier between the ring of voussoirs and the wall (8) of the gallery, it is necessary to provide an injection device (3) which opens into the sheath (2) and which forms an injection conduit. This injection device consists in the example presented in the figures, in particular in figure 5b, of a first part (31, 32) mounted on the case during its assembly, and of a second part (34, 35) mounted on the first before its placement in the voussoir mold.

[0034] The first part of the injection device comprises an injection sleeve (31) whose upper part (311) opens into the housing (19) and into the sheath (2) by passing through the bore (111), and whose lower part (312) projects downwards from the outer face of the bottom wall (11). A shoulder (313) serves as a support on the outer face of the bottom wall and prevents the injection sleeve from penetrating further into the housing (19) and the sheath (2). The upper part (311) is provided with a thread exterior. The injection sleeve (31) is fixed to the bottom wall (11) by a nut ring (32) placed in the sheath and provided with an internal thread corresponding to the external thread of the upper part (311) of the injection sleeve. The nut ring (32) is provided in the lower part with a ring flange (321) which serves to block the sheath (2) as will be explained below.

[0035] It is understood that the opening of the sheath is in fluid communication with the piercing of the case via the injection sleeve (31) and the nut ring (32).

[0036] A non-return valve (33) may be provided. It may, for example, be screwed into the injection sleeve (31) which will be provided with an internal thread for this purpose. The non-return valve shown as an example in the figures is of the elastomer plastic valve type.

[0037] If the injection sleeve (31) is too short and its free end opposite the bottom wall (11) cannot be flush with the intrados of the segment, a gripping sleeve (34) can be placed on this free end of the injection sleeve (31) before the kit (100) is placed in the segment mold. The free end of the gripping sleeve, the end opposite the injection sleeve, is located at the intrados (92) of the segment (9). A recess can surround this end to facilitate its access while allowing it not to protrude from the intrados (92) of the segment. A fireman's sheath (35) can be placed to line the outer face of the injection sleeve (31) which projects under the bottom wall (11). It provides the interface between the injection sleeve (31) and the gripping sleeve (34).Additional fastening means, in particular in the form of clamps such as Serflex®, can be added between the injection sleeve and the gripping sleeve to ensure their retention. The gripping sleeve may only be fixed to the injection sleeve when the kit is placed in the segment mold. However, the injection sleeve (31) and the nut ring (32) should be installed during assembly of the kit. The injection devices are designed and adapted to each configuration and design of segments.

[0038] The kit is pre-assembled before being delivered to the molding site of the voussoirs. The pre-assembled kit is provided with a sheath (2) placed in the housing (19) of the case (1). The sheath (2) is generally made of a fabric tube, for example polyamide, closed at its two ends and provided with an opening for the injection of the cement grout. To fit in the housing, the sheath can be folded in an accordion along its entire length. To facilitate the deployment of the sheath, it is for example flattened and its two longitudinal edges (21) are pleated in an accordion, forming two bellows with several folds as is clearly visible in Figure 4a. The folds are held in shape by retaining means which can easily give way under the pressure of the cement grout injected into the sheath. These retaining means can be consisting for example of breaking wires (22). To ensure good contact between two successive sheaths filled with cement grout, the sheaths are generally slightly longer than the cases, especially when the cases are themselves shorter than the voussoirs (9) as is the case in the examples presented here. In this case, it is preferable that the ends of the accordion-folded sheath are themselves accordion-folded, forming end bellows (27) as is clearly visible in Figure 4b.

[0039] The sheath is fixed to the case by fixing means. These fixing means are constituted in the present example by a Velcro® type self-gripping strip (23). For example, the hook strip (231) can be fixed to the case by gluing, while the velvet strip (232) can be sewn onto the lower face (24) of the folded sheath which faces the bottom wall (11). Other fixing means can be envisaged, such as gluing, fixing by eyelet strip, clipping, etc. The sheath folded and fixed in the case is entirely contained in the housing, without being out of line, that is to say without protruding from the open edge of the housing of the case.

[0040] A protective strip (26) can be fixed, for example sewn, on the upper face (25) of the folded sheath which is opposite the opening of the kit. This protective strip serves to protect the fabric of the sheath when the tunnel boring machine scales pass over it and to prevent it from tearing. The protective strip (26) is made for example from a truck tarpaulin type fabric. Rather than being sewn onto the sheath, the protective strip can be removably fixed to the case by clipping, by hook and loop strip or by any other suitable means. In such a case for example, it would be possible to dispense with the means for fixing the sheath (2) in the case.

[0041] The opening in the sheath (2) is provided for the passage of the upper part (311) of the injection sleeve (31). The ring-nut (32) is placed inside the sheath and presses with its ring flange (321) on the edge of the opening of the sheath as is clearly visible in Figure 5b.

[0042] The case (1), the sheath (2) folded and fixed to the case, as well as the injection sleeve (31) fixed with the nut-ring (32) together form a pre-assembled unit: the kit (100). Such kits can be delivered to the sites where the voussoirs are molded. It is much easier to put the sheath in place in the housing of a case when the operator is in a workshop, than to ask the workers responsible for molding the voussoirs or their assembly in the tunnel tube to put it in an engraving made in the center of a voussoir already molded.

[0043] A voussoir is generally provided with a reinforcement (94) around which the concrete is poured. This reinforcement is generally metallic, but it can also be made of other materials, and in particular of composite material. In the current zone, the coating, that is to say the thickness of concrete between the extrados of the voussoir and the reinforcement, is around 60 mm. This coating thickness is variable and depends in particular on the country, the exposure of the tunnel, regulations, etc. When the duct is placed traditionally in a recess, this should not be too deep to leave a sufficient thickness of concrete between the bottom of the recess and the reinforcement. With the invention, it is possible to place the casing directly on the reinforcement, because the casing acts as a protective barrier. Water infiltration in the gap between the casing (1, 1', 1”) and the recess formed in the segment by the casing is accentuated by the phenomenon of post-shrinkage of the concrete. The hydro-swelling seal has the advantage of being able to adapt over time. Thanks to the casing and the seal, it is therefore possible to have a deeper housing than with a recess.

[0044] Before molding, it is necessary, if necessary, to mount the gripping sleeve (34) and the fireman's sheath (35) to provide a conduit for injecting the cement into the sheath. Similarly, the hydro-swelling seal (123a) must be placed in the groove (123) if it has not already been done. For molding the voussoir, the reinforcement (94) is placed in the mold, the kit (100) is then placed in abutment on the reinforcement as is clearly visible for example in Figure 5a. The kit presses on the reinforcement (94) with its bosses (113) which play not only the role of stiffening means, but also that of spacer. The kit can be fixed to the reinforcement (94) to prevent it from moving in the mold during the injection of the concrete. The mold covers are closed on either side of the kit by pressing the mold seal (131a) sufficiently tightly to prevent concrete laitance from entering the case (1). The concrete is then poured into the mold.After casting, the kit remains anchored to the concrete.

[0045] In order to be able to produce the sealing barrier, it is first necessary to place several voussoirs end to end, each equipped with a kit (100) of the invention, so as to form a ring like that shown in [Fig.7]. Generally, there are at least two different types of voussoirs in such a ring. The ring shown in [Fig.7] comprises four segments fitted with a kit made with a large case (1”), and one segment fitted with a kit made with a small case (1). After the ring has been put in place, a supply of pressurized cement grout (or any other desired filling product) is connected to the free end of the gripping sleeve (34) which opens into the intrados (92) of the segment (9). The cement grout is injected into the sheath via the gripping sleeve (34), the injection sleeve (31) and the nut-ring (32). The sheath unfolds under the pressure of the cement grout, tearing off the wires to be broken (22) one after the other.The sheath swells until it touches the wall (8) of the gallery, whose shape it follows. This is shown schematically in Figure 6a. When the injected cement grout (29) reaches the ends of the sheath (27), these in turn unfold. The flared shape of the side walls (122) of the case facilitates the deployment of the ends of the sheath. These ends . deploy towards the lateral ends of the segment and come into contact with the already filled end of the sheath of the adjacent segment so as to ensure the continuity of the sealing barrier. Figure 6b schematically represents this situation. After filling the sheath, the pressurized cement grout inlet is removed and a sealing plug can be placed in the injection sleeve or the gripping sleeve, in particular by screwing.

[0046] It is also possible to provide a secondary inspection and injection device which makes it possible, on the one hand, to inspect the overlap zones between two successive filled sheaths, and on the other hand, to inject a material to fill any deployment defects in the sheaths. The material to be injected may be cement grout, a resin, polyurethane foam, or any other suitable material. The secondary inspection and injection device may consist of at least one, preferably two, secondary conduits (41) preferably arranged outside the case. The first end of the secondary conduits opens onto the intrados of the voussoir, preferably in line with the gripping sleeve (34), and the second end opens onto the extrados of the voussoir at the ends of the case, in the sheath overlap zone.

[0047] The person skilled in the art understands that the kit could consist of a very simple case (1”) consisting only of a bottom wall (11”) and a belt (12”), without a boss and / or without a case flange (13”). Similarly, it would be possible to dispense with the hydro-inflating seal and the molding seal. It would also be possible to dispense with the grooves (123, 131) for the seals and to place them on their respective wall without any particular measure.

[0048] The case can be made of thermoformed plastic. Generally, a thickness of about 5 mm is sufficient. However, other materials are also possible, including waterproof cardboard, metal such as galvanized sheets or metal profiles, wood, plywood or chipboard, by 3D printing, etc. For a tube with a radius of 2,450 mm, two types of cases can be provided, one having an angular longitudinal extension of 36.8° and the other an angular longitudinal extension of 80.8°, and two types of corresponding supports. When the longitudinal extension of the case is quite large, it may be useful for the case (1') to be in two pieces (1a, 1b) assembled together. This is, for example, the case (1') shown in [Fig.2].

[0049] The invention is presented here using the example of a tunnel. The kit could however be used for other applications which require the formation of a barrier in a space located between two adjacent walls by means of a sheath to be filled from the outside with a product to be injected. This could for example be two building walls. The product to be injected is not necessarily cement grout or concrete. This can be a plastic material or expanding foam, for example. Rather than forming a barrier, the expanded and injected sheath can be used to wedge one part into another, for example (caulking sheath).

[0050] The advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the sheath is pre-installed in the factory and the kit is ready for use. Its installation in the voussoir mold does not impact the manufacturing rate, quite the contrary, because the delicate installation of the sheath in the engraving is eliminated. Pre-installation in the workshop makes it possible to define the implementation procedures, in an industrial and monitored manner. The personnel are trained in these operations.

[0051] List of references 100 Device for making a barrier / Kit 1, 1', 1” Housing Case 11 Back wall 111 Drilling 112 Recess 113 Bosses 12 Belt 121 Longitudinal walls 122 Side walls 123 Groove for hydro-inflating seal 123a Hydro-inflating seal 13 Case Flask 131 Groove for molding joint 131a Molding joint 19 Housing 2 Sheath 21 Pleated side edges in gusset 22 Means of restraint / Breaking wires) 23 Fixing methods / Velcro strip 231 First hook and loop strip / Hook and loop strip) 232 Second Velcro strip / Velvet strip) 24 Underside of the accordion-folded sheath 25 Upper face of the accordion-folded sheath 26 Protective strip 27 Side edges of the accordion-folded sheath 29 Injected cement grout 3 Injection device 31 Injection socket 311 Upper part of the injection socket 312 Lower part of the injection socket 313 Shoulder 32 Ring nut 321 Ring flange 33 Check valve 34 Gripping socket 35 Firefighter Sheath 4 Secondary inspection and injection device 41 Secondary pipes 8 Gallery wall 9 You evening 91 Extrados of the voussoir 92 Intrados of the voussoir 93 Obviously left by the case 94 Armature

Claims

Claims

1. Device for producing a barrier between a first wall (9) and a second wall (8) by introducing a filling material (29) into a sheath (2), characterized in that the device is a pre-assembled kit (100) to be placed in a mold for a prefabricated element obtained by molding, which kit comprises - a case (1, 1', 1”) provided with a housing (19) having a cavity open on one side and delimited by an open edge; - at least one bore (111) passing through the bottom of the housing; and - a sheath (2) closed and placed in the housing (19), the sheath being provided with at least one opening in fluid communication with said at least one bore (111), the dimensions of the sheath being chosen so that before filling it can be entirely contained in the housing without being out of alignment, and that after filling, the sheath protrudes from the housing.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath (2) is fixed to the case (1) by fixing means, preferably by a Velcro® type self-gripping strip (23).

3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the case (1, 1', 1”) is provided with a bottom wall (11) and a belt (12) consisting of two longitudinal walls (121) and two side walls (122), - the longitudinal walls (121) preferably forming a substantially right angle with the bottom wall (11), and / or - the side walls (122) preferably forming an obtuse angle with the bottom wall (11); - a seal (123a) preferably being provided on the outer face of the belt going around the belt (12), and / or a groove (123) preferably being made in the outer face of the belt (12) for placing a seal (123a).

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a case flange (13) is provided around the open edge of the housing (19), - a molding seal (131a) being preferably placed on the upper face of the case flange (13) located in the extension of the inner face of the housing, said molding seal going around the case flange, - said molding seal (131a) preferably being placed in a groove (131) made on the upper face of the case flange (13).

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that stiffening means are provided for stiffening the case (1, 1'), the stiffening means preferably being produced in the form of bosses produced on the outer face of the housing of the case, in particular on the outer face of a bottom wall (11) of the housing.

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bore (111) is made in a recess (112) of the housing facing outwards, preferably a recess (112) of a bottom wall (11) of the housing.

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an injection pipe (3) is provided, the first end of which opens into the bore (111) and the other end of which projects from the case (1, 1', 1”), a non-return valve (33) being able to be provided in the injection pipe.

8. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the injection pipe comprises - an injection sleeve (31) of which a first part (311) passes through the bore (111) and the opening of the sheath (2) so that it projects into the latter, and of which a second part (312) projects out of the case (1, 1', 1”) on the side opposite the open edge of the housing (19); and - a ring, preferably a nut ring (32), located inside the sheath (2) and fixed, preferably by screwing, on the first part (311) of the injection sleeve, - the ring preferably being provided with a ring flange (321) for wedging the edge of the opening of the sheath against the bottom of the housing (19).

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath (2) is constituted by a tubular piece of flexible material, preferably fabric, closed at its two ends, - the sheath (2) being preferably folded, in particular over its entire length so as to form at least one bellows, preferably two bellows (21), and in that - each bellows is preferably held in place by retaining means which can easily break under the effect of a product injected into the sheath, in particular by breaking threads (22); and / or - the ends of the sheath are preferably folded to form an end bellows (27).

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a protective strip (26) is provided on the sheath (2) to protect it when it is placed in the housing (19).

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device is intended for a tunnel segment (9), and in that the housing has a longitudinal extension and a transverse extension, the longitudinal extension of the bottom of the housing having the shape of an arc of a circle concentric with the arc of a circle forming the extrados of the segment for which it is intended, and in that the opening of the housing, and a flange (13) surrounding the opening of the housing (19) when there is one, has / have the same shape as the extrados of the segment for which the device is intended.

12. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is placed in the extrados of a voussoir (9), preferably with the outer face of the bottom of the case (1, 1', 1”) in contact with the frame (94) of the voussoir.

13. Method for manufacturing a prefabricated element obtained by molding and provided with a device according to one of claims 1 to 11, in particular for manufacturing a segment (9) for a tunnel, the prefabricated element having at least a first face (91) on which a housing for a sheath opens and a second face (92), characterized in that - the preassembled device (100) according to one of the preceding claims is prepared by providing the preassembled device, if it is not already provided with one, with: - an injection pipe - a first end of which opens into the bore (111) of the case and is in fluid communication with the opening of the sheath, and - the second end of which is sufficiently distant from the case (1, 1', 1”) to be able to open onto the second face (92) of the prefabricated element;and - if desired, a seal (123a) placed on the outer face of the case, in particular in a circular groove (123) made around the case, the seal (123a) preferably being a hydro-swelling seal; - the device (100) is placed in a mold so that its housing (19) and the second end of the injection pipe (3) are not; in contact with the interior of the mold, and that its housing (19) opens on the first face (91) so that the sheath can unfold by introducing a filling material (29) to form a barrier between the prefabricated element obtained by molding and provided with the device (100) and a second wall (8), - the mold is closed, - the material making up the prefabricated element is injected or poured into the mold, - the mold is opened and the prefabricated element with the device anchored inside is removed from the mold.

14. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the injection pipe is produced by fixing a gripping sleeve (34) on an injection sleeve (31) already included in the pre-assembled device.

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