Metallic module and manufacturing process for such a metallic module.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a final metal module (21) from a first metal element (11) and a second metal element (13). The manufacturing method comprises a step (E3) of placing the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) in an assembly mold (1) comprising a second mold part (5); a step (E4) of fixing the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) by brazing or welding, carried out locally at at least one through-hole (7) in the second mold part (5), thus forming an intermediate metal module (19); and a compression step (E5) in which the assembly mold (1) compresses the intermediate metal module (19) to form the final metal module (21). The invention also relates to a final metal module (21) obtained by such a manufacturing method. Figure 2

Description

Title of the invention: Metallic module and method for manufacturing such a metallic module. Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of manufacturing processes for metallic modules.

[0002] More particularly, the invention relates to the manufacture of such metallic modules by the assembly of two metallic parts by welding or localized brazing. State of the art

[0003] To join two metal parts together, it is known in the prior art to use localized brazing or welding methods. In this case, the two metal parts are positioned relative to each other, and the brazing or welding is carried out between two areas relatively close to each of the two parts. Generally, these parts are brought into contact with each other to achieve such a welded or brazed joint.

[0004] These methods have the advantage of guaranteeing good mechanical resistance of the metal assembly thus produced, while allowing the part to be welded or brazed only in a predetermined area.

[0005] Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding process that joins two parts by bringing them to a localized, slurry-like state using a rotating pin and shoulder. The welding system utilizes the heat generated by the coaxial pin and shoulder rotating at high speed along the contact line between the parts to be welded, causing the materials to soften and become slurry-like. The pin then penetrates the joint line and intimately mixes the materials in an operation similar to forging or extrusion. The complete assembly is achieved as the pin progresses, gradually traversing the entire area to be welded.

[0006] Although this process gives satisfactory results in the welding process, it cannot overcome the non-uniformity of the temperature distribution during welding and therefore the generation of residual stresses.

[0007] A reduction in the thermal gradient during welding can be achieved by friction stir welding with a stationary shoulder (FSW - SSFSW). The system consists of a rotating pin and a fixed shoulder. This fixed shoulder can absorb a large amount of heat, which reduces the formation of residual stresses, without, however, completely eliminating them.

[0008] Thus, regardless of the assembly process used, residual stresses persist, and generally lead to the formation of distortions in the metal which induce a deformation of the resulting metallic modulus.

[0009] To relieve these residual stresses, it is known in the prior art to perform post-weld operations, such as thermomechanical post-treatments. These post-treatments can include thermal or mechanical stress relieving, surface treatment, or post-weld rolling. These operations increase the total time required to manufacture the metal module. Therefore, there is a need to develop a manufacturing process that enables the formation of a mechanically robust metal module more quickly and at a lower cost.

[0010] Object and invention

[0011] The present invention aims to provide a solution that addresses all or part of the aforementioned problems.

[0012] This goal can be achieved through the implementation of a manufacturing process for a final metallic module comprising: - a supply stage in which a first metallic element and a second metallic element are supplied; - a provisioning step in which an assembly mold is made available, the assembly mold comprising a first mold part and a second mold part, the first mold part and the second mold part defining between them a receiving housing intended to receive the first metal element and the second metal element, the second mold part further comprising at least one through opening, provided through said second mold part; - a setup step in which the first metal element and the second metal element are put in place and contained in the receiving housing, the first metal element and the second metal element being held together by the first mold part and by the second mold part; - a fixing step implemented after the placement step, in which the first metal element and the second metal element are joined together by brazing or welding, said brazing or welding being implemented locally at the level of at least one through opening of the second part of the mold, so as to braze or weld together the first metal element and the second metal element on a fixing portion, thus forming an intermediate metal module; - a compression step in which the assembly mold compresses the intermediate metal module at least at the level of the fixing portion, the result of the compression step being the final metal module.

[0013] The provisions described above allow for a method of manufacturing a final metal module with improved mechanical properties. The use of local brazing or welding when the first and second metal elements are held together prevents distortions from occurring during the formation of the intermediate metal module. Furthermore, the compression step releases residual stresses formed locally around the attachment area during the welding or brazing process.

[0014] The manufacturing process may also have one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the receiving housing internally defines a cavity in which the first and second metal elements are entirely contained. Thus, the cavity defined by the receiving housing also defines the external envelope of the final metal module.

[0016] It is well understood that the fixing step is implemented when the first metal element and the second metal element are held together.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the fixing step is carried out after the placement step.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the compression step is carried out after the fixing step.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the compression step is carried out during the fixing step.

[0020] According to one embodiment, during the provisioning stage, the assembly mold is a one-piece mold.

[0021] In other words, the first mold part and the second mold part are part of the same piece. For example, the assembly mold is a hollow mold internally defining the receiving housing.

[0022] In this way, the assembly mold has improved mechanical strength. According to this embodiment, the placement step is carried out by inserting the first metal element and the second metal element into the receiving housing.

[0023] According to one embodiment, during the provisioning step, the first mold part and the second mold part are two separate parts.

[0024] Thus, the assembly mold can hold the first metal element and the second metal element together when they have a complex shape.

[0025] According to one embodiment, during the provisioning step, the assembly mold comprises metallic material such as steel or stainless steel, or a ceramic or composite material.

[0026] In this way, it is possible to form a mold exhibiting high mechanical resistance, at a lower cost.

[0027] According to one embodiment, during the provisioning stage, the receiving housing has at least one curved portion.

[0028] In this way, the assembly mold is adapted to form a final metal module having at least one portion of curved shape.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the fixing step is carried out by friction stir welding, or by friction stir welding with a stationary shoulder.

[0030] Advantageously, friction stir welding (FSW), as it is commonly known, produces welds of excellent metallurgical and mechanical quality. Thus, and synergistically, using friction stir welding during the fastening stage after the positioning stage allows for the benefit of weld quality while limiting distortion in the parts. The compression stage also helps to release the high residual stresses generated by this type of welding.

[0031] The use of stationary shoulder friction stir welding, or SSFSW according to the established Anglo-Saxon terminology, allows one to benefit from the advantages associated with friction stir welding, while presenting a lower generation of residual stresses due to the presence of the stationary shoulder of the friction stir welding tool with a stationary shoulder.

[0032] According to one embodiment, during the fixing step, the stationary shoulder may include at least one preheating device configured to perform heating of the fixing portion after or during friction stir welding with a stationary shoulder.

[0033] According to one embodiment, said at least one preheating device comprises a heating coil disposed in front of the pin of the welding apparatus in the direction of welding.

[0034] According to one embodiment, said at least one preheating device may include two heating coils arranged on either side of the pin of the welding apparatus.

[0035] According to one embodiment, at least one preheating device is configured to apply a preheating temperature between 150°C and 200°C. Such a preheating temperature is particularly suitable for 7000 series aluminum alloys, as the yield strength of these aluminum alloys is considerably reduced above this temperature. The arrangements described above make it possible to reduce the maximum temperature generated by pin friction, which effectively reduces distortion of the welded parts.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the fastening step may include a cooling step, in which a cooling device cools the fastened portion after welding has been completed. This helps to minimize distortion problems.

[0037] According to one embodiment, during the setup step, the first mold part and the second mold part are compressed against each other, so as to keep the first metal element and the second metal element together by compression.

[0038] For example, during the setup stage, the first mold part and the second mold part are assembled together by screwing, bolting, or riveting, or any other means.

[0039] In this way, it is possible to guarantee effective retention of the first metal element and the second metal element, in particular if they have complex geometric shapes.

[0040] According to one embodiment, during the provisioning step, the assembly mold includes a compression part, and during the compression step, said compression part is applied at the level of the fixing portion, so as to compress the intermediate metal module.

[0041] Generally, the compression part is separate from the first mold part and / or the second mold part.

[0042] In this way, it is possible to carry out the compression step at the level of the fixing portion, around which the most residual stresses remain.

[0043] According to one embodiment, the compression step includes the removal of the second mold part, then the application of the compression part at least at the level of the fixing portion, the compression step being implemented by compressing the compression part towards the first mold part.

[0044] The arrangements described above allow the use of a compression portion with a simpler geometry, for example a solid compression portion. Thus, the manufacture of the assembly mold, and in particular of the compression portion, is simple and economical.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the compression part completely closes the receiving housing when it is applied towards the first mold part during the compression step.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the compression part has a compression zone having a shape complementary to the shape of at least one through opening, the compression step being implemented by applying said compression zone to the level of at least one through opening and by compressing the compression part, and the second mold part towards the first mold part.

[0047] It is therefore well understood that the compression zone of the compression part is inserted into at least one through opening to perform the compression of the fixing portion during the compression step.

[0048] Advantageously, the use of a compression part comprising a compression zone having a shape complementary to at least one through opening makes it possible to limit the amount of material used to make the compression part.

[0049] According to one embodiment, during the compression step, the compression part compresses the intermediate metal module at the level of the fixing portion.

[0050] According to one embodiment, during the compression step, the compression part and / or the second mold part compresses the intermediate metal module at the level of the fixing portion.

[0051] The arrangements described above allow the compression step to be carried out while the intermediate metal module is held in the receiving housing by the first mold part and the second mold part.

[0052] According to one embodiment, the first metallic element and / or the second metallic element comprises aluminum.

[0053] In other words, this metallic element is made of aluminum or comprises an aluminum alloy.

[0054] More generally, said at least one metallic element is a metallic material having a low melting point. Thus, the welding attachment step is easy to perform. By "low melting point" is meant a metallic material having a melting temperature less than or equal to 800°C and in particular between 600°C and 800°C.

[0055] In the case where the assembly mold is a ceramic mold, said at least one metallic element may comprise any metallic material suitable for the production of metallic parts.

[0056] According to one embodiment, said at least one metallic element comprises titanium, copper, nickel, magnesium, steel, or stainless steel. However, said at least one metallic element may comprise any type of metal that can be locally welded or brazed.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the second metallic element may comprise a material different from that of the first metallic element.

[0058] According to one embodiment, during the placement step, the first metal element and the second metal element are arranged next to each other.

[0059] For example, the first metal element and the second metal element are arranged next to each other along at least one direction oriented transversely to a direction along which a thickness of the final metal module is defined.

[0060] Thus, during the fixing stage, the first metal element and the second metal element are brazed or welded edge to edge.

[0061] According to one embodiment, during the placement step, the first metal element and the second metal element are at least partially superimposed.

[0062] Thus, during the fastening step, the first metal element and the second metal element are brazed or welded through the material. By "welding or brazing through the material," it is understood that the welding or brazing is carried out through the thickness of the first metal element and / or the second metal element.

[0063] According to one embodiment, the fastening step is carried out such that a weld thickness, measured by the thickness of a metal element chosen from the first and second metal elements, is slightly greater than half the thickness of said metal element. In this way, it is possible to reduce the thermal gradient in the direction of the thickness of the metal element, thereby reducing distortions of said metal element. "Slightly" means "within 5%".

[0064] The object of the invention can also be achieved through the implementation of a final metallic module obtained by a manufacturing process as described above.

[0065] Brief description of the drawings

[0066] Other aspects, objectives, advantages and features of the invention will become clearer upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, given by way of non-limiting example, and made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0067] [Fig-1] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of certain steps in the process of manufacture according to two particular embodiments of the invention.

[0068] [Fig.2] Fig.2 is a schematic view of certain steps in the manufacturing process according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

[0069] [Fig.3] The [Fig.3] is a schematic view of certain steps of the manufacturing process according to a particular embodiment of the invention. Detailed description

[0070] In the figures and throughout the description, the same reference numerals represent identical or similar elements. Furthermore, the various elements are not drawn to scale in order to enhance the clarity of the figures. Moreover, the different embodiments and variations are not mutually exclusive and may be combined.

[0071] As illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a final metal module 21, such as a heat exchanger. The invention also relates to a final metal module 21 obtained by such a manufacturing method.

[0072] As can be seen in [Fig. 1], the manufacturing process first comprises a supply step E1 in which a first metal element 11 and a second metal element 13 are supplied. By "metal element" is meant a metal part intended to be assembled with another metal part to form the final metal module 21. The first metal element 11 and / or the second metal element 13 may comprise a metallic material having a low melting point, that is to say, a material having a melting temperature below 800°C, or between 600°C and 800°C, such as aluminum. In other words, this metal element is made of aluminum or comprises an aluminum alloy. Alternatively, said metal element may comprise titanium, copper, nickel, magnesium, steel, or stainless steel.In this way, welding or brazing, as described later with reference to step E4, is easy to perform. However, it is well understood that a person skilled in the art can adapt the manufacturing process for any metal component that includes a type of metal that can be welded or brazed locally. Furthermore, the material of the second metal component may be different from that of the first metal component.

[0073] The manufacturing process also includes a provisioning step E2 in which an assembly mold 1 is provided. For example, the assembly mold 1 may comprise a metallic material such as steel or stainless steel, but it may also comprise a ceramic or composite material. In this way, it is possible to form an assembly mold 1 with high mechanical strength at a lower cost.

[0074] The assembly mold 1 comprises a first mold part 3 and a second mold part 5 which define between them a receiving cavity 4 intended for The receiving housing 4 receives the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13. Generally, the receiving housing 4 internally defines a cavity in which the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 can be fully contained. Thus, the cavity defined by the receiving housing 4 also defines the external envelope of the final metal module 21.

[0075] According to an alternative (not shown), the first mold part 3 and the second mold part 5 may be part of the same piece, so that the assembly mold 1 is a single-piece mold. For example, the assembly mold 1 may be a hollow mold internally defining the receiving cavity 4. In this way, the assembly mold 1 has improved mechanical strength.

[0076] However, it may be advantageous for the first mold part 3 and the second mold part 5 to be two separate pieces during the E2 preparation step. Thus, as we will see later, the assembly mold 1 can hold the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 together when they have a complex shape. Figure 1 illustrates two distinct embodiments, one with a relatively straight prismatic assembly mold 1, and the other with an assembly mold 1 having at least one curve. According to this second embodiment, the first mold part 3 includes a curved portion. It is also possible for the second mold part 5 to include a curved portion. Thus, the receiving cavity 4 formed by the first mold part 3 and the second mold part 5 has at least one curved portion.The assembly mold 1 is thus capable of forming a final curved metal module 21.

[0077] As can be seen in the figures, the second mold part 5 includes at least one through opening 7, formed through said second mold part 5. This through opening 7 can define a passage through the material constituting the second mold part 5. Depending on the variant considered, it is possible that the second mold part 5 includes a single through opening 7, for example extending along a length of the final metal module 21. Alternatively, the second mold part 5 can include a plurality of through openings 7 corresponding to several distinct areas through which welding or brazing can be carried out.

[0078] With reference now to figures 2 and 3, the manufacturing process includes a placement step E3 in which the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are placed and contained in the receiving housing 4.

[0079] Generally, during this setup step E3, the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are arranged relative to each other The other is positioned in a manner substantially identical to that in which they will form the final metal module 21. Thus, depending on the type of final metal module 21 manufactured, during the setup step E3, the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are arranged side by side. For example, the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are arranged side by side along at least one direction oriented transversely to a direction along which a thickness of the final metal module 21 is defined. Alternatively, and as shown in Figures 2 and 3, during the setup step E3, the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are at least partially overlapped.

[0080] During the setup step E3, the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are held together by the first mold part 3 and by the second mold part 5.

[0081] According to one variant where the assembly mold 1 is a one-piece mold, the setup step E3 can be implemented by inserting the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 inside the receiving housing 4.

[0082] Alternatively, and as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, during the setup step E3, the first mold part 3 and the second mold part 5 are compressed against each other so as to hold the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 together by compression. For example, during the setup step E3, the first mold part 3 and the second mold part 5 are joined together by screwing, bolting, riveting, or any other means. In this way, it is possible to ensure effective retention of the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13, particularly if they have complex geometric shapes.

[0083] The manufacturing process then includes a fastening step E4 carried out after the positioning step E3, in which the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are joined together by brazing or welding. This brazing or welding is carried out locally at at least one through opening 7 of the second mold part 5, so as to braze or weld together the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 on a fastening portion 15, thus forming an intermediate metal module 19. Depending on the type of final metal module 21 manufactured, the fastening portion 15 may be continuous. However, it is also possible that the fastening portion 15 comprises several disjointed fastening portions 15.In general, the fixing portion(s) 15 correspond to areas of the first metal element 11, or of the second metal element 13 opposite. some or of each through opening of the second mold part 5. Advantageously, the fixing step E4 is implemented when the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are held together.

[0084] According to an unshown embodiment in which the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are arranged side by side during the positioning step E3, the fastening step E4 can be carried out so as to braze or weld the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 edge to edge. Alternatively, and as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, when the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are superimposed during the positioning step E3, then during the fastening step E4, the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 can be brazed or welded through the material. By "welding or brazing through the material," it is understood that the welding or brazing is carried out through the thickness of the first metal element 11 and / or the second metal element 13.

[0085] According to one embodiment, the fastening step E4 can be carried out such that a weld thickness, measured according to the thickness of a metal element selected from the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13, is slightly greater than half the thickness of said metal element. In this way, it is possible to reduce the thermal gradient in the direction of the thickness of the metal element, thereby reducing distortions of said metal element. By "slightly" is meant "within 5%".

[0086] Advantageously, the fastening step E4 can be carried out by friction stir welding, or by friction stir welding with a stationary shoulder. Friction stir welding (FSW), as it is commonly known, produces welds of excellent metallurgical and mechanical quality. Thus, and synergistically, the use of friction stir welding during the fastening step E4, following the positioning step E3, allows for the benefit of high-quality welds while minimizing distortion in the parts.The use of stationary shoulder friction stir welding (SSFSW), according to the established Anglo-Saxon terminology, allows one to benefit from the advantages associated with friction stir welding, while presenting a lower generation of residual stresses due to the presence of the stationary shoulder of the friction stir welding tool.

[0087] According to one embodiment, during the fastening step E4, the stationary shoulder may include at least one preheating device configured to heat the fastening portion 15 after or during welding by friction stir welding with a stationary shoulder. For example, said at least one preheating device comprises a heating coil arranged in front of the pin of the friction stir welding apparatus with a stationary shoulder in the welding direction. Alternatively, said at least one preheating device may comprise two heating coils arranged on either side of the pin of the friction stir welding apparatus with a stationary shoulder. Advantageously, it may be provided that the at least one preheating device is configured to apply a preheating temperature between 150°C and 200°C, which is a preheating temperature particularly suitable for 7000 series aluminum alloys. Indeed, the yield strength of these aluminum alloys is considerably reduced above this temperature.The previously described provisions make it possible to reduce the maximum temperature generated by the friction of the pin, which effectively reduces distortions in the welded parts.

[0088] According to one embodiment, the fastening step E4 may include a cooling step (not shown), in which a cooling device cools the fastening portion 15 after welding has been completed. This helps to minimize distortion problems.

[0089] The manufacturing process finally includes a compression step E5 carried out during or after the fixing step E4, in which the assembly mold 1 compresses the intermediate metal module 19 at least at the fixing portion 15, the result of the compression step E5 being the final metal module 21. The arrangements described above make it possible to carry out the compression step E5 while the intermediate metal module 19 is held in the receiving housing 4 by the first mold part 3 and the second mold part 5.

[0090] As can be seen in Figures 2 and 3, the assembly mold 1 may include a compression portion 17, generally separate from the first mold portion 3 and / or the second mold portion 5. Thus, during the compression step E5, said compression portion 17 is applied at the fixing portion 15, so as to compress the intermediate metal modulus 19. In other words, during the compression step E5, the compression portion 17 compresses the intermediate metal modulus 19 at the fixing portion 15. It is also possible that during the compression step E5, the compression portion 17 and the second mold portion 5 compress the intermediate metal modulus 19 at the fixing portion 15. In this way, it is possible to carry out the compression step E5 at least at the fixing portion 15, around which the most residual stresses remain.

[0091] According to the variant illustrated in [Fig. 2], the compression portion 17 has a compression zone with a shape complementary to that of at least one through-hole 7. In this case, the compression step E5 is carried out by applying said compression zone to the at least one through-hole 7, and by compressing the compression portion 17 and the second mold portion 5 towards the first mold portion 3. It is therefore clear that the compression zone of the compression portion 17 is inserted into the at least one through-hole 7 to compress the fastening portion 15 during the compression step E5. Advantageously, using a compression portion 17 comprising a compression zone with a shape complementary to that of at least one through-hole 7 makes it possible to limit the amount of material used to produce the compression portion 17.

[0092] Alternatively, and as shown in [Fig. 3], the compression step E5 comprises the removal of the second mold part 5 and then the application of the compression part 17 at least at the level of the fastening portion 15. In this case, the compression step E5 is implemented by compressing the compression part 17 towards the first mold part 3. The arrangements described above allow the use of a compression part 17 with a simpler geometry, for example, a solid compression part 17. The manufacture of the assembly mold 1, and in particular of the compression part 17, is simple and economical.

[0093] According to these two embodiments, it is possible that the compression part 17 completely closes the receiving housing 4 when it is applied towards the first mold part 3 during the compression step E5.

[0094] All the arrangements described above make it possible to propose a method for manufacturing a final metal module 21 with improved mechanical properties. The implementation of local brazing or welding when the first metal element 11 and the second metal element 13 are held together prevents the creation of distortions during the formation of the intermediate metal module 19. Furthermore, the implementation of the compression step E5 releases the residual stresses formed locally around the attachment portion 15 during the welding or brazing process.

Claims

1. Demands Method for manufacturing a final metallic module (21) comprising: • a supply step (El) in which a first metallic element (11) and a second metallic element (13) are supplied; • a provisioning step (E2) in which an assembly mold (1) is made available, the assembly mold (1) comprising a first mold part (3) and a second mold part (5), the first mold part (3) and the second mold part (5) defining between them a receiving housing (4) intended to receive the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13), the second mold part (5) further comprising at least one through opening (7), provided through said second mold part (5); • a setting-up step (E3) in which the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) are set up and contained in the receiving housing (4), the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) being held together by the first mold part (3) and by the second mold part (5); • a fixing step (E4) implemented after the positioning step (E3), in which the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) are joined together by brazing or welding, said brazing or welding being carried out locally at the level of at least one through opening (7) of the second mold part (5), so as to braze or weld together the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) on a fixing portion (15), thus forming an intermediate metal module (19); • a compression step (E5) in which the assembly mold (1) compresses the intermediate metal module (19) at least at the level of the fixing portion (15), the compression step (E5) being carried out while the module intermediate metallic (19) is maintained in the receiving housing (4), the result of the compression step (E5) being the final metallic module (21).

2. A manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the provisioning step (E2), the first mold part (3) and the second mold part (5) are two separate parts.

3. A manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein in the provisioning step (E2), the assembly mold (1) comprises steel or stainless steel.

4. A manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein during the provisioning step (E2), the receiving housing (4) has at least one curved portion.

5. A manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fixing step (E4) is carried out by friction stir welding, or by friction stir welding with a stationary shoulder.

6. A manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein during the setup step (E3), the first mold part (3) and the second mold part (5) are compressed against each other, so as to keep the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) together by compression.

7. A manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the provisioning step (E2), the assembly mold (1) includes a compression portion (17), and wherein in the compression step (E5), said compression portion (17) is applied at the fixing portion (15), so as to compress the intermediate metal module (19).

8. A manufacturing method according to claim 7 and claim 2, wherein the compression step (E5) comprises the removal of the second mold part (5) and then the application of the compression part (17) at least at the level of the fixing portion (15), the compression step (E5) being carried out by compressing the compression part (17) towards the first mold part (3).

9. A manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein the compression part (17) has a compression zone having a shape complementary to the shape of at least one through opening (7), the compression step (E5) being implemented by applying said compression zone to the at least one through opening (7) and by compressing the compression part (17), and the second mold part (5) towards the first mold part (3).

10. A manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein during the setup step (E3), the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) are arranged next to each other.

11. A manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein during the setup step (E3), the first metal element (11) and the second metal element (13) are at least partially superimposed.

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