A method for sealing a surface comprising the application of at least one epoxy resin and at least one thermoplastic resin.

Abstract

Method for sealing a surface comprising the application of at least one epoxy resin and at least one thermoplastic resin. The present invention relates to a method for sealing a surface comprising the following successive steps: a) optionally applying to said surface a layer a) of a composition A comprising at least one epoxy resin; b) applying at least one layer b) comprising fibers and at least one composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin; c) optionally applying a layer c) of a composition C comprising at least one epoxy resin; d) applying a layer d) of a composition D comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

Description

Title of the invention: A method for sealing a surface comprising the application of at least one epoxy resin and at least one thermoplastic resin

[0001] The present invention relates to a method of treating a surface comprising the application of compositions comprising at least one epoxy resin and a composition comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0002] To avoid any water-related problems in various structures, such as leaks, flooding, etc., it is essential to create perfectly watertight structures. Examples of such structures include swimming pools and associated equipment. Specifically, it is necessary to ensure the watertightness of the foundation slab, the wall, the coping stones, the expansion joints separating the pool from the surrounding deck, as well as ancillary rooms such as toilets, changing rooms, and showers. Other examples of such structures include retention tanks, etc.

[0003] The waterproofing of these structures, such as swimming pools, can be achieved by first depositing a glass-epoxy composite followed by the depositing of one or more thermosetting resins, with or without fillers to ensure the role of floor covering and finish, or by tiling.

[0004] However, thermosetting resins for this use in finishing may present a number of disadvantages.

[0005] In particular, they must be resistant to blistering, although not all of them necessarily are. Thermosetting resins chosen from polyesters are a good example. Furthermore, they must be UV resistant and are therefore generally solvent-based. This results in a strong odor and a slow drying time, requiring a long waiting period of approximately 7 days before they can be put back into service. In addition, thermosetting resins used for finishing discolor over time when exposed to chlorinated water. The thermosetting resin layer must therefore be regularly renewed, involving several steps, such as sanding, vacuuming, reapplication of the thermosetting resin, and a drying time of 7 days, etc. All these steps are time-consuming.

[0006] Thus, this technical solution is not satisfactory.

[0007] There is therefore a real need to develop a surface sealing process that not only provides a coating with excellent sealing properties, but also overcomes the above disadvantages, in particular to provide a coating that ensures a robust finish and rapid return to service.

[0008] The present invention therefore relates firstly to a method for sealing a surface comprising the following successive steps:

[0009] a) optionally apply to said surface at least one layer a) of a composition A comprising at least one epoxy resin;

[0010] b) apply at least one layer b) comprising fibres and at least one composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin;

[0011] c) optionally apply at least one layer c) of a composition C comprising at least one epoxy resin;

[0012] d) apply a layer d) of a composition D comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0013] The process according to the invention ensures the surface is watertight. Furthermore, the coating obtained by the process according to the invention provides a robust finish and allows for a rapid return to service. In particular, the process according to the invention involves applying layer d) of a composition comprising at least one thermoplastic resin, which offers improved chemical resistance, particularly to chlorine, a significantly shorter return-to-service time than prior art solutions, and enhanced mechanical properties, particularly with regard to tensile strength and deformation at break.

[0014] Other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the invention will become even clearer upon reading the description.

[0015] In what follows, and unless otherwise indicated, the bounds of a domain of values ​​are included in that domain, in particular in the expressions "between" and "ranging from ... to ...".

[0016] Furthermore, the expression "at least one" used in this description is equivalent to the expression "one or more".

[0017] Furthermore, "a charge can be added to a layer" means a charge that comes into contact with said layer. In particular, this may mean, for example, that the layer is sprinkled with charge and / or that the charge is incorporated into the layer.

[0018] As previously stated, the method according to the invention is a method for sealing a surface.

[0019] According to optional step a), a layer of composition A comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied to said surface.

[0020] Preferably, only composition A is applied.

[0021] According to a particular embodiment, composition A is applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by projection.

[0022] According to a particular embodiment, the epoxy resin of composition A and / or composition B and / or composition C is chosen from bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether and their mixture.

[0023] Advantageously, composition A and / or composition B and / or composition C further comprise at least one crosslinking agent.

[0024] Furthermore, the fibers applied with composition A can be chosen from glass, carbon, aramid, basalt, polyethylene, metal, natural fibers, hybrid fibers and mixtures thereof.

[0025] According to one embodiment, at least one charge can be added to layer a).

[0026] Said filler can be chosen from mineral fillers which can be chosen from silica, quartz, marble, corundum, calcium silicate, and mixtures thereof, preferably silica.

[0027] According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the process according to the invention includes step a), that is to say, according to this particular embodiment, step a) is not optional.

[0028] Furthermore, as indicated previously, according to step b), at least one layer b) comprising fibers and at least one composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin, is applied.

[0029] According to a first embodiment, a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, followed by the laying of fibers in the form of a reinforcing reinforcement, optionally followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin, preferably followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin.

[0030] Thus, in this first embodiment, and according to a specific embodiment, a first composition B is applied, followed by the placement of at least one reinforcing mesh. In this specific embodiment, the first composition B is the only composition B that is applied.

[0031] According to another specific embodiment, a first composition B is applied, followed by the placement of at least one reinforcing mesh, followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin. This latter embodiment is preferred of the two specific embodiments.

[0032] Advantageously, the reinforcing frame comprises webs selected from webs based on glass fibers, carbon, aramid, basalt, polyethylene, metal, natural fibers, or hybrid fibers, preferably from webs based on glass fibers.

[0033] The first composition B and the second composition B may be different or identical. Preferably, they are identical.

[0034] According to a second embodiment, a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, said first composition B being applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by projection, optionally followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin, preferably followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin.

[0035] Thus, in this second embodiment, and according to a specific embodiment, a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, said first composition B being applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by spraying. In this specific embodiment, the first composition B is the only composition B that is applied.

[0036] According to another specific embodiment, a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, said first composition B being applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by spraying, followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin. This latter method is preferred of the two specific embodiments.

[0037] Advantageously, in this second embodiment, the applied fibers are chosen from glass, carbon, aramid, basalt, polyethylene, metal, natural fibers, hybrid fibers and their mixtures.

[0038] The first composition B and the second composition B may be different or identical. Preferably, they are identical.

[0039] According to a particular embodiment, at least one filler can be added to layer b). The filler can be chosen from those indicated above, preferably silica.

[0040] As previously stated, according to step c), at least one layer c) of a composition C comprising at least one epoxy resin may optionally be applied.

[0041] According to a particular embodiment, at least one charge can be added to layer c), before step d).

[0042] Said filler can be chosen from mineral fillers which can be chosen from silica, quartz, marble, corundum, calcium silicate, and mixtures thereof, preferably silica.

[0043] According to step d) of the process according to the invention, a layer d) of a composition D comprising at least one thermoplastic resin is applied.

[0044] According to a particular embodiment, the thermoplastic resin is chosen from polyethylene homopolymers, polypropylene homopolymers, polyamide homopolymers, ethylene / propylene copolymers and their mixtures, preferably from polyethylene homopolymers.

[0045] Advantageously, at least one filler can be added to composition D. The filler can be chosen from those indicated above, preferably silica.

[0046] Preferably, the process according to the invention may further include a step e): applying to layer d) a layer e) of a composition E comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0047] Advantageously, at least one filler can be added to composition E. The filler can be chosen from those indicated above, preferably silica.

[0048] Preferably, the process according to the invention may further include a step f): applying to layer e) a layer of a composition F comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0049] Advantageously, at least one filler can be added to composition F. The filler can be chosen from those indicated above, preferably silica.

[0050] Compositions D, E and F may be identical or different.

[0051] According to a particular embodiment, no charge is added to composition D, at least one charge is added to composition E and no charge is added to composition F. Step a)

[0052] As indicated above, according to step a) of the process according to the invention, a layer of a composition A comprising at least one epoxy resin is optionally applied to said surface.

[0053] Preferably, said surface is a concrete surface or a plastic material surface.

[0054] According to one embodiment, only composition A can be applied. In this In this embodiment, composition A can be applied manually with a roller or using an application machine.

[0055] The manual application temperature of composition A is advantageously greater than or equal to 5°C, and preferably this temperature ranges from 10 to 40°C.

[0056] Alternatively, composition A can be applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by projection, for example using a spray gun.

[0057] The projection temperature of composition A can range from 15°C to 90°C, preferably this temperature ranges from 35°C to 80°C.

[0058] Epoxy resins usable according to the present invention may be resins resulting from the reaction between one or more bisphenol compounds, such as bisphenol A, bisphenol E, bisphenol F and their mixtures; with one or more epoxides, such as epichlorohydrin, β-methyl epichlorohydrin and their mixtures.

[0059] Preferably, the epoxy resin(s) are chosen from bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (DGEBF) and their mixture.

[0060] Composition A may further comprise one or more crosslinking agents.

[0061] The crosslinking agents may be chosen from common agents such as aliphatic or aromatic polyamines, acid anhydrides, imidazoles, polymercaptans, polyamides, and mixtures thereof.

[0062] Preferably, the crosslinking agent(s) are chosen from among modified polyamides, aliphatic polyamines and mixtures thereof.

[0063] The crosslinking agent may be present in composition A in an amount expressed as an equivalent number of active hydrogen atoms within the amino group (or other group carrying active hydrogen, depending on the nature of the crosslinking agent used) ranging from 0.8 to 1.2, and preferably from 0.9 to 1.1 for an equivalent in epoxy group present in the epoxy resin.

[0064] The weight ratio between the total quantity of the epoxy resin(s) and the total quantity of the crosslinking agent(s) present in composition A, preferably goes from 0.1 to 10, and even better from 1 to 2.

[0065] Composition A may also include one or more additives such as reactive or non-reactive solvents, mineral fillers, rheological agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0066] Advantageously, the total quantity of composition A, applied to the surface during step a), ranges from 100 to 800 g.m2, preferably from 200 to 600 g.m2, more preferably from 200 to 500 g.m2. Typically, it can be 400 g.m2.

[0067] According to a particular embodiment, the fibers applied with composition A are selected from glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, polyethylene fibers, metal fibers, natural fibers, hybrid fibers and mixtures thereof.

[0068] Advantageously, the length of the projected fibers ranges from 10 mm to 40 mm.

[0069] The fibers are cut by a cutter from yarns made up of several filaments. Advantageously, one to three yarns can be projected simultaneously. It is thus possible to project yarns of different materials at the same time, such as glass and basalt. For a yarn, the cutting speed is advantageously between 1.5 m / s and 15 m / s, preferably between 3 m / s and 9 m / s. The quantity of fibers projected depends on the Tex of the yarns, expressed in g / km, and the number of yarns fed into the cutter (1 to 3).

[0070] The quantity of projected fibers preferably ranges from 200 g / m2 to 900 g / m2.

[0071] Advantageously, the weight ratio between the quantity of fiber and the total quantity composition A ranges from 0.1 to 0.75.

[0072] The process according to the present invention may optionally include at least one smearing step after step a) when composition A is applied simultaneously with fibers. Fibers, and more particularly glass fibers, may tend to stand upright. Such a smearing step thus makes it possible to smooth the surface before applying the additional layers.

[0073] Charges can be added to layer a), before step b).

[0074] These fillers can be chosen from among the mineral fillers that can be chosen from silica, quartz, marble, corundum, calcium silicate, and mixtures thereof, preferably silica.

[0075] According to a first embodiment, the particle size of the silica ranges from 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.01 to 1 mm.

[0076] Preferably, the silica is added while the layer of composition A is fresh (i.e. not yet dry) in order to ensure greater mechanical adhesion.

[0077] According to a particular embodiment, silica can be added in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 3 kg, preferably from 0.5 to 2 kg, more preferably from 1 to 2 kg for 0.4 kg of epoxy resin as defined above. Preliminary step to step a)

[0078] According to a preferred embodiment, the surface is prepared before step a). For the purposes of the present invention, "prepared surface" means a surface that can be treated, in particular, by diamond grinding, shot blasting, hydroblasting, planing, or mechanical or chemical stripping, etc. The preparation method can be adapted according to the nature of the surface. Generally, it is an operation aimed at obtaining a surface free of laitance, burrs, dirt, etc. In other words, it is a surface cleaning operation before the application of composition A. This preparation can be followed by dust extraction for operations that generate dust.

[0079] For the purposes of this invention, "sandblasting" means a method for projecting aggregates onto a surface, particularly a concrete surface, using compressed air. Preferably, the size of the aggregates ranges from 0.5 to 2 mm.

[0080] For the purposes of this invention, "shot blasting" refers to a process consisting of projecting steel balls onto a surface, particularly a concrete surface, using centrifugal force. The diameters of the steel balls used advantageously range from 0.7 to 2 mm.

[0081] This step of preparing the surface to be sealed allows for better anchoring of the composition layer A. Step b)

[0082] Furthermore, according to step b), at least one layer b) comprising fibers and at least one composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied.

[0083] According to a first embodiment, and according to a specific embodiment, a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, followed by the application of fibers in the form of a reinforcing mesh. In this specific embodiment, the first composition B is the only composition B that is applied.

[0084] According to a preferred embodiment, the first composition B is applied manually with a roller or using an application machine.

[0085] The manual application temperature of the first composition B is advantageously greater than or equal to 5°C, and preferably this temperature ranges from 10 to 40°C.

[0086] The epoxy resins usable in the first composition B can be the same resins as those used in composition A.

[0087] Preferably, the epoxy resin(s) are chosen from bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (DGEBF) and their mixture.

[0088] The first composition B may further comprise one or more crosslinking agents. The characteristics concerning the crosslinking agents described above also apply to composition B(s).

[0089] In particular, the crosslinking agents in the first composition B may be the same crosslinking agents as those in composition A.

[0090] Preferably, the crosslinking agent(s) are chosen from among modified polyamides, aliphatic polyamines and mixtures thereof.

[0091] The crosslinking agent may be present in the first composition B in an amount expressed as an equivalent number of active hydrogen atoms within the amino group (or other group carrying active hydrogen, depending on the nature of the crosslinking agent used) ranging from 0.8 to 1.2, and preferably from 0.9 to 1.1 for an equivalent in epoxy group present in the epoxy resin.

[0092] The weight ratio between the total quantity of the epoxy resin(s) and the total quantity of the crosslinking agent(s) present in the first composition B, preferably goes from 0.1 to 10, and even better from 1 to 2.

[0093] The first composition B may also include one or more additives such as reactive or non-reactive solvents, mineral fillers, rheological agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0094] Advantageously, the total quantity of first composition B applied ranges from 400 to 1200 g.m2, preferably from 600 to 1000 g.m2, more preferably from 700 to 900 gm2. Typically, it can be 800 g.m2.

[0095] Then, as indicated above, a reinforcing frame is then laid.

[0096] This reinforcing structure allows in particular better resistance to surface cracking.

[0097] The reinforcing structure usable in the present invention may comprise one or more layers, themselves comprising fibers laid against each other without gaps. The layers may be laid one on top of the other and held together by a final seam. Preferably, they are not woven.

[0098] According to a preferred embodiment, the fibers are inclined relative to each other. More preferably, this inclination ranges from 70 to 110°, and even better from 80 to 100°.

[0099] Such an assembly of the fibers provides good drapability to the reinforcing mesh. Because this mesh is more deformable, it adapts and adheres more easily to the surface to be sealed.

[0100] More particularly, the layers of the reinforcing reinforcement(s) are chosen from layers based on glass fibers, carbon, aramid, basalt, polyethylene, metal, natural fibers or hybrid fibers, preferably from layers based on glass fibers.

[0101] Advantageously, the basis weight of the reinforcing mesh(s) is greater than or equal to 200 g / m², preferably ranging from 250 to 900 g / m²

[0102] The manual application temperature of the first composition B is advantageously greater than or equal to 5°C, and preferably this temperature ranges from 10 to 40°C.

[0103] According to another specific embodiment, a first composition B is applied, followed by the laying of at least one reinforcing frame, followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin.

[0104] This last mode is preferred among the two specific embodiments.

[0105] The first composition B and the second composition B may be different or They are identical. Preferably, they are identical.

[0106] All the characteristics indicated above for the first composition B are valid for the second composition B, with the exception of the total quantity applied, if applicable.

[0107] Advantageously, the total quantity of second composition B ranges from 400 to 1200 g.m2, preferably from 400 to 800 gm2, more preferably from 500 to 700 g.m2. Typically, it can be 600 gm2.

[0108] Preferably, at least one charge, such as those indicated above, can be added afterwards.

[0109] According to a second embodiment, and according to a specific embodiment, a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, said first composition B being applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by projection, for example using a spray gun. In this specific method, the first composition B is the only composition B that is applied.

[0110] In this embodiment, the projection temperature of the first composition B can range from 15°C to 90°C, preferably this temperature ranges from 35°C to 80°C.

[0111] As in the first embodiment, the epoxy resins that can be used can be the same resins as those used in composition A. Preferably, the epoxy resin(s) are chosen from bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (DGEBF) and their mixture.

[0112] As in the first embodiment, the first composition B may further comprise one or more crosslinking agents. The characteristics concerning the crosslinking agents described above also apply to the first composition B.

[0113] The first composition B may also include one or more additives such as reactive or non-reactive solvents, mineral fillers, rheological agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0114] Advantageously, in this second embodiment, the total quantity of first composition B applied ranges from 400 to 2500 g.m2, preferably from 1200 to 2000 g.m2, more preferably from 1500 to 1900 g.m2. Typically, it can be 1800 gm2.

[0115] Advantageously, in this preferred embodiment, the fibers applied with the first composition B are chosen from glass, carbon, aramid, basalt, polyethylene, metal, natural fibers, hybrid fibers and mixtures thereof.

[0116] Advantageously, the length of the projected fibers ranges from 10 mm to 40 mm.

[0117] The fibers can be cut in a manner similar to that described above.

[0118] The quantity of projected fibers preferably ranges from 200 g / m2 to 1500 g / m2, typically it can be 800 g / m2.

[0119] Advantageously, the weight ratio between the quantity of fibers and the total quantity of first composition B ranges from 0.1 to 0.75.

[0120] In this second embodiment, and according to another specific embodiment, a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, said first composition B being applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by spraying, for example using a spray gun, followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin. This latter embodiment is preferred of the two specific embodiments.

[0121] Advantageously, in this second embodiment, the applied fibers are chosen from glass, carbon, aramid, basalt, polyethylene, metal, natural fibers, hybrid fibers and mixtures thereof.

[0122] The first composition B and the second composition B may be different or identical. Preferably, they are identical.

[0123] In this second embodiment, a scrimping step, as described above, can be carried out at the end of step b).

[0124] According to a particular embodiment, a BB composition comprising at least one epoxy resin can be applied after the scrimping step. Preferably, only the BB composition is applied.

[0125] Preferably, at least one charge, such as those indicated above, can be added afterwards.

[0126] According to a first embodiment, the particle size of the silica ranges from 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.01 to 1 mm.

[0127] Preferably, the filler, such as silica, is added while the layer of composition B is fresh (i.e. not yet dry) in order to ensure greater mechanical adhesion.

[0128] According to a particular embodiment, the filler, such as silica, can be added in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 3 kg, preferably from 0.5 to 2 kg, more preferably from 1 to 2 kg for 1.8 kg of epoxy resin as defined above. Step c)

[0129] According to step c) of the process according to the invention, a layer c) of a composition C comprising at least one epoxy resin may optionally be applied.

[0130] According to a particular embodiment, at least one charge can be added to layer c). Said charge can be those as indicated above.

[0131] According to a preferred embodiment, in the first alternative, composition C is applied manually with a roller, squeegee or using an application machine.

[0132] The epoxy resins usable in composition C can be the same resins as those used in compositions A and / or B.

[0133] Preferably, the epoxy resin(s) are chosen from bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (DGEBF) and their mixture.

[0134] Composition C may further comprise one or more crosslinking agents. The characteristics concerning the crosslinking agents described above also apply to composition C.

[0135] Composition C may also include one or more additives such as reactive or non-reactive solvents, mineral fillers, rheological agents, and mixtures thereof.

[0136] Advantageously, the total quantity of composition C, applied to the reinforcing reinforcement, ranges from 200 to 2000 g.m2, preferably from 400 to 1200 g.m2, more preferably from 600 to 1000 gm2. Typically, it can be 900 g.m2.

[0137] According to a first embodiment, the particle size of the silica ranges from 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.01 to 1 mm.

[0138] Preferably, the filler, such as silica, is added while the composition layer C is fresh (i.e. not yet dry) in order to ensure greater mechanical adhesion.

[0139] According to a particular embodiment, the filler, such as silica, can be added in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 3 kg, preferably from 0.5 to 2 kg, more preferably from 1 to 2 kg for 0.6 kg of epoxy resin as defined above.

[0140] Preferably, the method according to the invention includes step c). Thus, preferably, the method according to the invention is a method for sealing a surface comprising the following successive steps:

[0141] a) optionally apply to said surface a layer a) of a composition A comprising at least one epoxy resin;

[0142] b) apply at least one layer b) comprising fibres and at least one composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin;

[0143] c) apply a layer c) of a composition C comprising at least one epoxy resin;

[0144] d) apply a layer d) of a composition D comprising at least one thermoplastic resin. Drying

[0145] The process according to the present invention may optionally include further at least one polymerization (or drying) step.

[0146] For the purposes of this invention, "polymerization step" means, in particular, a polymerization step of a resin, a step in which a temperature of 5 to 40°C is applied, preferably 10 to 30°C, for a period of 2 to 36 hours, with a relative humidity of less than 90%, for example 0 to 90% and without the presence of water.

[0147] In particular, the process of the invention may include a polymerization step after step a), and / or after step b), and / or after step c), as defined above. Step d)

[0148] As indicated above, according to step d) of the process according to the invention, a layer of a composition D comprising at least one thermoplastic resin is then applied.

[0149] Advantageously, the thermoplastic resin is selected from polyethylene homopolymers, polypropylene homopolymers, polyamide homopolymers, ethylene / propylene copolymers and mixtures thereof, preferably from polyethylene homopolymers.

[0150] Preferably, composition D comprising at least one thermoplastic resin is applied by spraying, for example using a torch gun operating on a gas, such as propane.

[0151] Said torch gun produces a flame that can reach up to 1 m. The flame can be cone-shaped. At the center of this flame cone, the thermoplastic resin, which can be in powder form, is projected using a remote compressor. With the heat of the flame cone, the resin can change from a powdery state to a liquid or semi-liquid under the effect of heat, and solidify on the intended substrate.

[0152] According to a particular embodiment, a filler, such as those indicated above, in particular silica, is added to composition D, and then composition D can be applied by projection.

[0153] This addition of silica makes it possible to obtain roughness.

[0154] The particle size of the silica can range from 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.01 to 1 mm, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.6 mm.

[0155] According to a particular embodiment, the filler, such as silica, can be added in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 2 kg, preferably from 200 to 400 g, for 600 g of thermoplastic resin as defined above.

[0156] Advantageously, the total quantity of composition D ranges from 50 to 300 g.m2, preferably from 100 to 200 g.m2.

[0157] According to a particular embodiment, composition D can be projected at a pressure ranging from 0.5 to 3 bar, preferably from 1 to 2 bar, for example at a pressure of 1.5 bar.

[0158] The air pressure at the compressor can range from 5 to 10 bar, preferably from 6 to 9 bar, for example 7.5 bar.

[0159] The gas pressure can range from 0.5 to 4 bars, preferably from 1 to 3 bars, for example 2.5 bars.

[0160] According to a preferred embodiment, the process according to the invention further comprises a step e): applying to layer d) a layer e) of a composition E comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0161] The thermoplastic resin may be identical to the thermoplastic resin in composition D. Preferably, it is chosen from polyethylene homopolymers.

[0162] In the same way as before, composition E is preferably applied by projection, for example using a torch gun operating on a gas, such as propane.

[0163] According to a particular embodiment, a filler, such as those indicated above, in particular silica, can be added to composition E, and then composition E can be applied by projection.

[0164] The particle size of the silica can range from 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.01 to 1 mm.

[0165] According to a particular embodiment, the filler, such as silica, can be added in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 2 kg, preferably from 200 to 400 g, for 600 g of thermoplastic resin as defined above.

[0166] Advantageously, the total quantity of composition E ranges from 50 to 300 g.m2, preferably from 100 to 200 g.m2.

[0167] According to a particular embodiment, composition E can be projected at a pressure ranging from 0.5 to 3 bar, preferably from 0.5 to 2 bar, for example at a pressure of 1 bar.

[0168] According to a preferred mode, the projection pressure of composition E is lower than the projection pressure of composition D.

[0169] The compressor air and gas pressures mentioned above in the context of the application of composition D may be valid in the context of the application of composition E.

[0170] According to a particular embodiment, a flame pass alone without composition comprising at least one thermoplastic resin can be carried out before projection of composition E.

[0171] This passage of flame alone makes it possible to heat layer d) in order to allow the fusion of layers d) and e).

[0172] Advantageously, composition E is applied to layer d) after hardening and cooling of said layer d). Hardening and cooling can be observed by touch.

[0173] According to a particular embodiment, a flame pass alone without composition comprising at least a thermoplastic resin can be carried out after projection of composition E.

[0174] According to a preferred embodiment, the process according to the invention further comprises a step f): applying to layer e) a layer of a composition F comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0175] The thermoplastic resin may be identical to the thermoplastic resin in compositions D and / or E. Preferably, it is chosen from polyethylene homopolymers.

[0176] In the same way as before, composition F is preferably applied by projection, for example using a torch gun operating on a gas, such as propane.

[0177] According to a particular embodiment, a filler, such as those indicated above, in particular silica, can be added to composition E, and then composition E can be applied by projection.

[0178] The particle size of the silica can range from 0.1 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.1 to 1 mm.

[0179] According to a particular embodiment, the filler, such as silica, can be added in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 2 kg, preferably from 200 to 400 g, for 600 g of thermoplastic resin as defined above.

[0180] Advantageously, the total quantity of composition F ranges from 50 to 300 g.m2, preferably from 100 to 200 g.m2.

[0181] According to a particular embodiment, composition F can be projected at a pressure ranging from 0.2 to 3 bar, preferably from 0.5 to 2 bar, for example at a pressure of 0.5 bar.

[0182] According to a preferred mode, the projection pressure of composition F is lower than the projection pressure of composition D. Preferably, the projection pressure of composition F is lower than that of composition E.

[0183] The compressor air and gas pressures mentioned above in the context of the application of composition D may be valid in the context of the application of composition F.

[0184] According to a particular embodiment, a flame pass alone without composition comprising at least one thermoplastic resin can be carried out before projection of composition F.

[0185] This passage of flame alone makes it possible to heat layer e) in order to allow the fusion of layers e) and f).

[0186] Advantageously, composition F is applied to layer e) after hardening of said layer e). Hardening can be observed by touch.

[0187] Advantageously, the methods according to the invention may further include a step g): applying to layer e) a layer of a composition G comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0188] Advantageously, the methods according to the invention may further include a step h): applying to layer e) a layer of composition H comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0189] The embodiments described for compositions E and F may be valid for compositions G and H.

[0190] Thus, the methods according to the invention include at least step d) and may include steps d) to h).

[0191] According to a preferred embodiment, the methods according to the invention comprise steps d), e) and f).

[0192] The following examples serve to illustrate the invention without, however, being limiting in nature. Examples

[0193] Measurement of strain at break and stress at break

[0194] The measurements were taken by tensile tests, which determine the elastic stresses and breaking properties. Unless otherwise specified, they are carried out in accordance with French standard NF EN ISO 527. In particular, the tensile tests were performed using a Shimadzu AGX tensile testing machine with a force sensor of 10 kN ± 0.05 N. The test speed was 2 mm / min, and the distance between the jaws was 150 mm. The breaking stresses (expressed in MPa) and the breaking strains (elongations at break) (expressed as a percentage) were measured. All these tensile measurements were carried out under normal conditions of temperature (23°C) and humidity (50 ± 10%). Example 1

[0195] Two treatments of a surface in a plastic material (HDPE 1000 plate) according to two different processes are carried out, referred to hereafter as process PI, and process P2.

[0196] According to process PI, a first composition B comprising an epoxy resin is applied, then a fiberglass reinforcing mesh is laid, and then a second composition B comprising an epoxy resin is applied. Silica is added to the second composition B. The second composition B is then coated with silica to refusal.

[0197] Process P2 includes the same application steps as process 1 and further includes the application of a composition D comprising at least one thermoplastic resin, the application of a composition E comprising at least one thermoplastic resin and the application of a composition F comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

[0198] The time between each application is 24 hours, except for the time between the application of layers D and E, and E and F, which is 10 minutes.

[0199] Thus, process PI comprises only step b). It is a comparative process. Process P2 comprises at least steps b) and d). It is a process according to the invention.

[0200] The two processes are summarized in Table 1 below:

[0201] [Tables 1] PI Processes (comparative) P2 (invention) Step b) First composition B (1) Glass fiber reinforcement (2) Second composition B® First composition B (1) Glass fiber reinforcement (2) Second composition B (3) Step d) - Composition D (4) Step e) - Composition E (4) Step f) - Composition F (4)

[0202] (1): first composition B comprising an epoxy resin sold under the trade name “ETANPRIM SH®” (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether) applied at a rate of 800 g / m2 (weight);

[0203] (2): Reinforcing frame sold under the trade name VP45;

[0204] (3): second composition B comprising an epoxy resin sold under the trade name “ETANPRIM SH®” applied at a rate of 800 g / m2 and sprinkled with silica (silica particle size of 0.4 to 0.9 mm);

[0205] (4): Identical compositions D, E and F comprising a thermoplastic resin (polyethylene homopolymers).

[0206] Test specimens are then obtained after cutting with a saw, with a width of 50 mm and a length of 250 mm.

[0207] The results are summarized in Table 2 below.

[0208] [Tables2] Processes Tensile strength (MPa) Strain at break (%) PI (comparative) 18.7 5.6 P2(invention) 21.1 6.1

[0209] Thus, the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a composite seal that does not degrade. The process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a composite exhibiting improved tensile strength and improved deformation at break. Example 2

[0210] A treatment of a concrete surface according to a process according to the invention is carried out, hereinafter referred to as process P3.

[0211] The P3 process comprises at least the steps as summarized in Table 3 below:

[0212] [Tables3] Process P3 (invention) Step a) Composition A (5) Step b) First composition B (6) Glass fiber reinforcement (2) Second composition B (7) Step c) Composition C (8) Step d) Composition D (9) Step e) Composition E (10) Step f) Composition F (11)

[0213] (5): composition A comprising an epoxy resin sold under the name commercial “ETANPRIM SH®” (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether) applied at a rate of 400 g / m2;

[0214] (6): first composition B comprising an epoxy resin sold under the trade name “ETANPRIM SH-V®” (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether) applied at a rate of 800 g / m2;

[0215] (7): second composition B comprising an epoxy resin sold under the trade name “ETANPRIM SH-V®” applied at a rate of 600 g / m2 and sprinkled to refusal with silica (silica particle size of 0.4 to 0.9 mm);

[0216] (8): composition C comprising an epoxy resin sold under the name commercial “STRATILAC EL V2®” (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether) applied at a rate of 1000 g / m2 and sprinkled with silica (silica particle size of 0.1 to 0.35 mm);

[0217] (9): Compositions D comprising a thermoplastic resin (homopolymers of polyethylene) applied at a rate of 200 g / m2;

[0218] (10): Compositions E comprising a thermoplastic resin (homopolymers of polyethylene) applied at a rate of 150 g / m2;

[0219] (11): Compositions F comprising a thermoplastic resin (homopolymers of polyethylene) applied at a rate of 100 g / m2.

[0220] The process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a watertight coating with a coating which makes it possible to ensure a robust finish and a quick return to service.

[0221] Furthermore, the resulting coating is uniform and has excellent aesthetic appeal. Therefore, the feasibility of the process according to the invention is validated.

Claims

Demands

1. A method for sealing a surface comprising the following successive steps: a) optionally applying to said surface a layer a) of a composition A comprising at least one epoxy resin; b) applying at least one layer b) comprising fibers and at least one composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin, followed by a polymerization step, a step during which a temperature ranging from 5 to 40°C is applied; c) optionally applying a layer c) of a composition C comprising at least one epoxy resin; d) applying a layer d) of a composition D comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, during step a), only composition A is applied.

3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that composition A is applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by projection.

4. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the epoxy resin of composition A and / or composition B and / or composition C is selected from bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether and their mixture.

5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that composition A and / or composition B and / or composition C further comprises at least one crosslinking agent.

6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, followed by the laying of fibers in the form of a reinforcing mesh, optionally followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin, preferably followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin.

7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the reinforcing mesh comprises layers selected from layers based on glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, polyethylene fibers, of metal, natural fibers, or hybrid fibers, preferably from fiberglass-based blankets.

8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a first composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin is applied, said first composition B being applied simultaneously with fibers, preferably by spraying, optionally followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin, preferably followed by the application of a second composition B comprising at least one epoxy resin.

9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the applied fibers are selected from glass, carbon, aramid, basalt, polyethylene, metal, natural fibers, hybrid fibers and mixtures thereof.

10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one charge is added to layer c), before step d).

11. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermoplastic resin is selected from polyethylene homopolymers, polypropylene homopolymers, polyamide homopolymers, ethylene / propylene copolymers and mixtures thereof, preferably from polyethylene homopolymers.

12. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a step e): applying to layer d) a layer e) of a composition E comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.

13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises a step f): applying to layer e) a layer of composition F comprising at least one thermoplastic resin.