Stove

Abstract

The stove comprises a combustion chamber (5), a peripheral body (18) external to the combustion chamber (5), made of a heat-accumulating material, an air duct (23) which extends from a fresh air inlet to an outlet which opens into the combustion chamber (5). The air duct (23) comprises a first portion (25) in heat exchange with the combustion chamber (5) and the heat-accumulating material and which conducts the fresh air downwards to the level of the lower portion of the heat-accumulating material, and a second portion (27) downstream of the first portion (25), in contact with the heat-accumulating material and which conducts the fresh air upwards towards the outlet. Figure for abstract: figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Stove FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to stoves. TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of domestic heating, it is known to use a stove comprising a combustion chamber. An air duct is provided to bring fresh air into the combustion chamber, where it participates in the combustion of a fuel. The burnt gases are evacuated through a chimney. The gas circuit is typically implemented by natural draft. Some stoves also include a heat accumulator material. This is heated by the combustion chamber, stores the heat, and releases it slowly, particularly once combustion is complete.

[0003] Document WO2013 / 126,021 is an example of a stove comprising a duct in which fresh air is first guided upwards in a front duct, then descends between the exhaust chimney and the front duct, before being introduced into the combustion chamber. Preheating of the fresh air is then obtained, when it descends towards the combustion chamber while being close to the exhaust chimney. This preheating improves combustion. An insulating layer is arranged between the heat-accumulating material and the front duct.

[0004] We are always looking to improve the performance of stoves. Summary of the invention

[0005] Thus, the invention relates to a stove comprising: - a combustion chamber comprising a lower support surface adapted to receive fuel, - at least one peripheral body external to the combustion chamber, and comprising a heat accumulating material, the heat accumulating material extending, in a vertical direction, from a lower portion located below the level of the lower support surface of the combustion chamber to an upper portion located above the level of the lower support surface of the combustion chamber, - at least one air duct extending from a fresh air inlet to an outlet opening into the combustion chamber, characterized in that the at least one air duct comprises at least a first portion in heat exchange with the combustion chamber and the heat accumulating material and conducting the fresh air downwards to the level of the lower portion of the heat accumulating material, and a second portion downstream of the first portion, in contact with the heat accumulating material and conducting the fresh air upwards towards the outlet opening into the combustion chamber.

[0006] Thanks to these arrangements, the heated fresh air is used to heat the heat storage material, which improves the thermal efficiency of the stove. In addition, this heating is clean, because it is carried out by fresh air, and not by combustion gases, which are dirty. Therefore, this improvement is achieved without requiring an increase in maintenance.

[0007] According to different aspects, it is possible to provide one and / or the other of the characteristics below taken alone or in combination.

[0008] According to one embodiment, the air duct comprises at least one intermediate portion arranged between the first portion and the second portion and conducting fresh air from the first portion to the second portion.

[0009] According to one embodiment, the intermediate portion is in heat exchange with the heat accumulating material.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the air duct comprises at least one initial portion upstream of the first portion, conducting fresh air from the air inlet to the first portion.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the initial portion is in heat exchange with the combustion chamber and the heat accumulating material.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the combustion chamber comprises a front face, in which the stove comprises a rear face opposite said front face, and in which the fresh air inlet is arranged in said rear face.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the initial portion extends from the rear face to the front face and the intermediate portion from the front face to the rear face.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the stove comprises a foot intended to rest on a floor, and in which the first portion extends to the level of the foot.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the air duct is nested between the combustion chamber and the heat accumulating material.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the air duct is a first air duct, the stove comprising at least one second air duct extending from a fresh air inlet to an outlet opening into the combustion chamber, and comprising at least a first portion of second air duct in contact with the heat accumulating material and conducting fresh air downwards to the level of the lower portion of the heat accumulating material, and a second portion of second air duct downstream of the first portion of second air duct, in contact with the heat accumulating material and conducting fresh air nine upwards towards the outlet opening into the combustion chamber. Brief description of the drawings

[0017] Embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, briefly described below:

[0018] [Fig-1] is a perspective view of a stove according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0019] [Fig.2] is a perspective view in cross section in a vertical plane of the stove of [Fig.l].

[0020] [Fig.3] is a functional perspective diagram of the stove of [Fig.l], the heat accumulating bodies have been removed.

[0021] In the drawings, like references designate identical or similar objects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] For this invention, in which gravity plays a role, the stove 1 is shown in its normal intended conditions of use. The stove 1 includes a foot 2, intended to be placed on a horizontal floor (not shown). The stove 1 extends vertically upward from the foot 2. The terms "bottom", "top", "lower", "upper", "above" and "below" are used herein with reference to this orientation of the stove 1.

[0023] As visible in [Fig.l], the stove 1 comprises a front face 3. The front face 3 is intended to be oriented towards a volume to be heated in a living room. As will be described later, the front face 3 may comprise a translucent surface allowing an external observer to see the combustion. The front face 3 may also comprise functional interfaces with the user, which will be described in more detail later.

[0024] The stove 1 has a rear face 4 opposite the front face 3. Typically, the rear face 4 may be close to a wall of the living room, and facing towards it, when the stove is installed.

[0025] The stove 1 can be fixed in any suitable manner, for example to the floor, to the wall arranged close to its rear face and / or to the ceiling.

[0026] The stove 1 comprises a combustion chamber 5. As seen in [Fig.l], the combustion chamber 5 is arranged well above the ground. The combustion chamber 5 comprises a casing 6, most often metallic, which can withstand high temperatures and the combustion taking place in the combustion chamber 5. The casing 6 comprises a lower wall 7, peripheral walls 8, and an upper wall 9. The lower wall 7 is arranged well above the ground.

[0027] The combustion chamber 5 may also comprise a door 10. The door 10 comprises an opening 11 hinged on a frame in any suitable manner. The door 10 is arranged on the front face 3 of the stove. The opening 11 comprises a translucent surface 12, for example transparent, glazed, allowing an observer to see the interior of the combustion chamber 5 through it.

[0028] The door 10 can alternately take an open configuration, in which a user can access the interior of the combustion chamber 5, for example to place fuel therein, for example wooden logs, and a closed configuration, in which a user cannot access the interior of the combustion chamber.

[0029] The combustion chamber 5 comprises a support surface 13 on which the fuel is arranged for combustion. The support surface 13 is located above the lower wall 7. The space 14 between the support surface 13 and the inner wall 7 may comprise a drawer (not shown) mounted to move relative to the casing 6 of the combustion chamber 5. This drawer can receive the ashes resulting from the combustion, and be moved and detached from the casing 6 in order to evacuate the ashes from the stove.

[0030] The combustion chamber 5 comprises openings 15 for the inlet of fresh air into the combustion chamber 5. [Fig.2] shows these openings 15 arranged in a row in the rear peripheral wall 8 of the combustion chamber 5, however other arrangements are possible.

[0031] The combustion chamber 5 also comprises an opening 16 for discharging the combustion gases. The opening 16 is for example arranged in the upper wall 9 of the combustion chamber. It is assembled to a chimney (not shown).

[0032] The support surface 13 is arranged at a height relative to the floor of the dwelling. The height is, for example, between 30 centimeters (cm) and 1 meter (m). This height makes it possible to heat the room at a height suitable for the dwelling and for living therein.

[0033] As visible in [Fig.l], a niche 17 can be provided under the combustion chamber 5 to store the fuel there while waiting to be introduced into the combustion chamber 5.

[0034] The stove 1 also comprises one or more bodies 18 made of a heat-accumulating material. By "heat-accumulating material" is meant here a material capable of storing the heat produced in the combustion chamber, and releasing it slowly, in particular by radiation, notably once combustion is complete. Such a material comprises for example ceramic, raw earth, earthenware, bricks, soapstone, steatite or refractory concrete. The term "heat accumulator" is used in relation to the other materials constituting the stove, in particular the metal casing 6, which cools rapidly. quickly once combustion is complete.

[0035] A body 18 made of a heat-accumulating material is presented here. However, as a variant, the body 18 could only be partially made of such a heat-accumulating material, provided that the body 18 as a whole provides this function of accumulating and slowly releasing heat. The body 18 can be made in one piece or in several components assembled together and / or assembled to other components of the stove.

[0036] The body 18 is external to the combustion chamber 5. In the embodiment shown, two bodies 18 are used that are symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane of the stove 1. Thus, the two bodies 18 extend laterally from the peripheral lateral walls 8 of the enclosure 6. Due to the symmetry of this embodiment, only one body 18 will be described here, the description of the other body 18 being able to be obtained by symmetry. In addition, a cap 18s can be provided, also made of accumulator material, and overhanging the combustion chamber 5. Other arrangements or implementations are possible.

[0037] As can be seen in [Fig.l] or [Fig.2], the body 18 extends, in the vertical direction, over the entire height of the stove. More precisely, the body 18 extends vertically from a lower level NI8i to an upper level N 18s. The lower level NI8i is close to the ground, in any case below the level, or even largely below the level N13 of the support surface 13. According to one embodiment, the body 18 is not in contact with the ground, in the normal configuration of the stove 1. The upper level N 18s is located above the level of the upper wall 9 of the combustion chamber 5. The term "lower portion" of the body 18 refers to the part of the body 18 extending between the lower level N18i and the level of the support surface 13, that is to say arranged, in the vertical direction, below the level where combustion takes place.The "upper portion" of the body 18 is the part of the body 18 extending above the level of the support surface 13, that is to say arranged, in the vertical direction, at the level and above the level where combustion takes place.

[0038] The body 18 has, for example, a profiled geometry along the vertical direction. That is to say, the horizontal section of the body 18 is substantially constant along the vertical axis. The section may deviate from the constant to accommodate a constituent component of the stove, or for other reasons.

[0039] The body 18 is arranged so as to allow a significant heat exchange with the combustion chamber 5. For example, the body 18 is in contact with the combustion chamber 5. For example, the inner face 19 of the body 18 is in contact with the outer face 20 of the lateral peripheral wall 8 of the combustion chamber 5.

[0040] The body 18 is fixed in any suitable manner to the combustion chamber 5. For example, the body 18 is fixed to the combustion chamber 5 by an upper sheet 21 and a lower sheet 22.

[0041] The stove 1 comprises an air duct 23 extending from a fresh air inlet (not visible in the figures) to an outlet opening into the combustion chamber 5. The air flow in the air duct 23 is by natural draft when the stove is lit. The terms "upstream" and "downstream" are used with reference to the flow of fresh air from the air inlet to the outlet opening into the combustion chamber 5.

[0042] The air duct 23 is essentially arranged interposed between the combustion chamber 5 and the body 18. For example, it is nested between the combustion chamber 5 and the body 18, in particular by having a complementary section of the body 18, of the combustion chamber 5, and / or of both.

[0043] The fresh air inlet is for example connected to air outside the room in which the stove 1 is installed, for example by drilling through the exterior wall of the dwelling if the stove is close to this wall, or through the floor to access the basement.

[0044] As visible in [Fig. 3], the air duct 23 may comprise an initial portion 24. The initial portion 24 extends from the air inlet to above the combustion chamber 5, for example to the rear of the combustion chamber, then above the combustion chamber 5 from the rear to the front.

[0045] The air duct 23 comprises a first portion 25 downstream of the initial portion 24, extending downwards from the initial portion 24 disposed above the combustion chamber 5 to the level of the lower portion of the body 18.

[0046] The air duct 23 comprises an intermediate portion 26 downstream of the first portion 25. The intermediate portion 26 extends for example horizontally from front to rear.

[0047] The air duct 23 comprises a second portion 27 downstream of the intermediate portion 26, extending upwards from the intermediate portion 26 arranged at the level of the lower portion of the body 18 to at least at the level of the combustion chamber 5.

[0048] The air duct 23 may comprise a downstream portion, which connects the second portion 27 to the outlet opening into the interior of the combustion chamber 5.

[0049] For example, the downstream portion can guide fresh air to above the translucent surface 12, which has the additional effect of sweeping it with an air flow and reducing its fouling due to combustion.

[0050] Other geometries than that shown are possible for the air duct, from the moment when the heated air is conducted to descend below the level of the support surface 13 then rise above it.

[0051] The stove may also include a system 28 for adjusting the incoming air flows. The adjustment system 28 may comprise a primary adjustment system 29 adapted to allow the flow of primary air entering the combustion chamber to be regulated without passing through the air duct 23. This flow of primary air is typically used for starting combustion.

[0052] The adjustment system 28 may comprise a secondary adjustment system 30 adapted to allow regulation of the secondary air flow entering the combustion chamber via the air duct 23. This secondary air flow is typically used when the combustion has a continuous rhythm.

[0053] The product just described can operate as follows. First, the user opens the door 10, installs fuel, triggers the ignition and closes the door 10.

[0054] Fresh air enters the combustion chamber 5 via the primary circuit, and the combustion gases are discharged through the chimney. The combustion heats the body 18, at least at the level of the combustion chamber.

[0055] During combustion, and if necessary following actuation of the secondary adjustment system 30, the fresh air enters the pipe 23, and circulates downwards in the first portion 25. In the upper part of the first portion 25, the air is heated by the combustion chamber 5. In the lower part of the first portion 25, the hot air heats the lower portion of the body 18. In the intermediate portion 26, then in the lower part of the second portion 27, the hot air heats the lower portion of the body 18. This results in additional heating of the lower portion of the body 18 by the clean fresh air circulating in the pipe 23.

[0056] In the upper part of the second portion 27, the air is again heated by the combustion chamber 5, so as to enter the combustion chamber 5 hot.

[0057] If the stove comprises an initial portion 24, the fresh air can also be heated by the combustion chamber 5 therein.

[0058] The invention is also applicable to a stove not comprising a door 10 for placing fuel in the combustion chamber, for example a stove in which the fuel is automatically dosed into the combustion chamber from a reserve. List of reference signs

[0059] 1: stove

[0060] 2: foot

[0061] 3: front face

[0062] 4: back face

[0063] 5: combustion chamber

[0064] 6: envelope

[0065] 7: lower wall

[0066] 8: peripheral wall

[0067] 9: upper wall

[0068] 10: door

[0069] 11: opening

[0070] 12: translucent surface

[0071] 13: support surface

[0072] 14: space

[0073] 15: openings

[0074] 16: evacuation opening

[0075] 17: niche

[0076] 18: body

[0077] 18s: headdress

[0078] 19: inner face

[0079] 20: upper face

[0080] 21: upper sheet

[0081] 22: lower sheet metal

[0082] 23: air duct

[0083] 24: initial portion

[0084] 25: first portion

[0085] 26: intermediate portion

[0086] 27: second portion

[0087] 28: adjustment system

Claims

Claims

1. Stove comprising: - a combustion chamber (5) comprising a lower support surface (13) adapted to receive a fuel, - at least one peripheral body (18) external to the combustion chamber (5), and comprising a heat accumulating material, the heat accumulating material extending, in a vertical direction, from a lower portion located below the level (N 13) of the lower support surface (13) of the combustion chamber (5) to an upper portion located above the level (N13) of the lower support surface (13) of the combustion chamber, - at least one air duct (23) extending from a fresh air inlet to an outlet opening into the combustion chamber (5),characterized in that the at least one air duct (23) comprises at least a first portion (25) in heat exchange with the combustion chamber (5) and the heat accumulating material and conducting the fresh air downwards to the level of the lower portion of the heat accumulating material, and a second portion (27) downstream of the first portion (25), in contact with the heat accumulating material and conducting the fresh air upwards towards the outlet opening into the combustion chamber (5).,

2. A stove according to claim 1, wherein the air duct comprises at least one intermediate portion (26) disposed between the first portion (25) and the second portion (27) and conducting fresh air from the first portion (25) to the second portion (27).

3. Stove according to claim 2, in which the intermediate portion (26) is in heat exchange with the heat accumulating material.

4. Stove according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the air duct (23) comprises at least one initial portion (24) upstream of the first portion (25), conducting the fresh air from the air inlet to the first portion (25).

5. Stove according to claim 4, wherein the initial portion (24) is in heat exchange with the combustion chamber (5) and the heat accumulating material.

6. Stove according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the combustion chamber (5) comprises a front face (3), wherein the stove comprises a rear face (4) opposite said front face (3), and in in which the fresh air inlet is arranged in said rear face.

7. A stove according to claims 2, 4 and 6 or a claim dependent thereon, wherein the initial portion (24) extends from the rear face (4) to the front face (3) and the intermediate portion (26) from the front face (3) to the rear face (4).

8. Stove according to one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a foot (2) intended to rest on a floor, and in which the first portion (25) extends to the level of the foot.

9. Stove according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the air duct (23) is nested between the combustion chamber (5) and the heat accumulating material.

10. Stove according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the air duct (23) is a first air duct, the stove comprising at least one second air duct (23) extending from a fresh air inlet to an outlet opening into the combustion chamber (5), and comprising at least a first portion (25) of second air duct in contact with the heat accumulating material and conducting fresh air downwards to the level of the lower portion of the heat accumulating material, and a second portion (27) of second air duct downstream of the first portion of second air duct, in contact with the heat accumulating material and conducting fresh air upwards towards the outlet opening into the combustion chamber.

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