Construction including at least one easily maintained enclosed space and at least one partition wall penetration device

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction comprising a floor and a ceiling as well as: at least one enclosed space (3) extending at least from the floor to the ceiling and into which at least one technical equipment and / or at least one network (4) opens, at least one sanitary appliance or a water feature (1) located outside the enclosed space (3) and connected to the technical equipment and / or the network through at least one partition (2) of the enclosed space (3), and it is particular in that it comprises at least one partition (6) device (6) capable of connecting both to said sanitary appliance(s) or to said water feature(s) (1) and to said technical equipment(s) and / or to said network(s) (4). In concrete terms, this construction can be a hospital, a nursing home, a retirement or health home, an apartment building, an office, a detached house, etc.

Description

Title of the invention: Construction comprising at least one easily maintained enclosed space and at least one partition wall penetration device

[0001] The invention relates to a construction comprising one or more easily maintained enclosed space(s) and one or more partition crossing devices for these enclosed spaces, which are presented as one or more integrated "sanitary module(s)".

[0002] This construction may be a hospital, a nursing home, a retirement or health home, a residential building, an office, a detached house, etc. Background of the invention

[0003] All of the aforementioned buildings have sanitary fixtures and installations that use water. These fixtures and systems discharge wastewater, slightly polluted water, greywater, or blackwater from toilets. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention proposes the assignment of a "specific sanitary module" to each sanitary appliance and to each system using water.

[0005] The most common sanitary fixtures include: washbasins, showers, bathtubs, toilets.

[0006] Systems that use water will be referred to hereafter as "water points". They relate, more particularly, to sinks, dishwashers, washing machines, dryers, cleaning and washing systems.

[0007] More specifically, the invention relates to a construction according to the following statement 1:

[0008] L- Construction comprising a floor and a ceiling as well as: - at least one enclosed space extending at least from floor to ceiling and into which at least one piece of technical equipment and / or at least one network opens, - at least one sanitary appliance or water feature located outside the enclosed space and connected to the technical equipment and / or the network through at least one partition wall of the enclosed space,

[0009] this construction being distinguished in that it includes at least one partition penetration device capable of connecting both to said sanitary appliance(s) or to said water room(s) and to said technical equipment(s) and / or to said network(s).

[0010] Advantageous features of the construction of the aforementioned statement 1 are indicated in the following statements 2 to 11:

[0011] 2.- Construction according to statement 1, in which the crossing device of the partition includes at least:

[0012] - a cylindrical through-part having a thread at each of its ends and having an annular support portion,

[0013] - a cylindrical termination piece, one end of which comprises a annular part and which includes a thread adapted to cooperate with the thread of one end of the cylindrical through piece,

[0014] - a cylindrical elbow piece adapted to connect to the cylindrical through piece And

[0015] - a cylindrical connecting piece suitable for direct or indirect connection, on one side, to the angled cylindrical piece and on the other, to a water supply or a wastewater pipe.

[0016] 3.- Easy maintenance construction according to statement 2, in which the device of The partition wall crossing also includes:

[0017] - a tube with an inner diameter greater than that of the cylindrical through-piece and outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the annular part of the end piece,

[0018] - a washer (41) whose outer diameter is greater than the outer diameter said tube (34) and the lower diameter is less than the inner diameter of said tube,

[0019] and in which the annular part (94) of the cylindrical through piece has an outside diameter which is greater than the inside diameter of the washer.

[0020] 4.- Construction according to statement 2 or 3, in which the end of the tube is connects to one end of the elbow by means of a nut and the other end of the elbow connects to the cylindrical connecting piece by means of a nut.

[0021] 5.- Construction according to statement 2, in which the annular support part of the a cylindrical through piece is located at the end of this piece having the thread cooperating with the thread of the end piece.

[0022] 6.- Construction according to statement 2 or 5, in which the cylindrical piece of fitting is connected to the wastewater pipe by means of a T-shaped fitting having a first end intended to make a connection with the cylindrical connecting piece, a second end intended to make a connection with a connecting piece to a bath water outlet and a third end intended to make a connection with an elbow connecting to the wastewater pipe.

[0023] 7.- Construction according to statement 1, in which the crossing device of the partition includes at least:

[0024] - a drain plug having a threaded end,

[0025] - a cylindrical fixing piece having a thread suitable for cooperating with the end threaded drain plug,

[0026] - an intermediate piece suitable for being placed at least partially between the piece cylindrical fixing and the drain plug,

[0027] - a grid-forming piece suitable for being inserted into the cylindrical fixing piece And

[0028] - a cylindrical part forming a housing having

[0029] - a central cylindrical part having a longitudinal axis,

[0030] - an angled and inclined end terminating in a flat, annular rim of which the plane is parallel to the longitudinal axis,

[0031] - a support part partially surrounding the central cylindrical part and whose bottom is flat and parallel to the flat and annular rim.

[0032] 8-. Construction according to statement 7, in which the drain plug is a part cylindrical connecting piece having an elbow at each of its ends, one of these ends being flared and threaded to cooperate with the cylindrical fixing piece.

[0033] 9.- Construction according to statement 7 or 8, in which the intermediate piece is a shower tray.

[0034] 10.- Construction according to statement 7 or 8, in which the intermediate piece is a washer.

[0035] 11.- Construction according to one of statements 1 to 10, comprising a siphon composed of at least the following elements:

[0036] - a removable fitting with nut and seal that allows the siphon to be disconnected to the special bulkhead penetration device,

[0037] - a manual or automatic siphon cleaning pad,

[0038] - a manual cleaning pad for the drop column,

[0039] - a pair, placed on the drain column, which ensures its connection to the siphon, connection made watertight thanks to a flexible seal.

[0040] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a partition wall penetration device according to the following statement 12:

[0041] 12.- Partition wall penetration device for a construction according to statement 1, including at least: - a cylindrical through-piece provided with a thread at each of its ends and having an annular support portion, - a cylindrical end piece, one end of which comprises an annular portion and which has a thread suitable for cooperating with the thread of one end of the cylindrical through piece, - a cylindrical angled part having a thread suitable for cooperating with the thread at the other end of the cylindrical through-part and - a cylindrical fitting for connecting to a water supply or a wastewater pipe.

[0042] According to yet another aspect, the invention relates to a partition wall penetration device according to the following statement 13:

[0043] 13.- Partition wall penetration device for a construction according to statement 1, including at least:

[0044] - a drain plug having a threaded end,

[0045] - a cylindrical fixing piece having a thread adapted to cooperate with the end threaded drain plug,

[0046] - an intermediate piece suitable for being placed between the cylindrical fixing piece and the crowded,

[0047] - a grid-forming piece suitable for being inserted into the cylindrical fixing piece And

[0048] - a cylindrical part forming a housing having - a central cylindrical part having a longitudinal axis, - a bent and inclined end terminating in a flat, annular rim whose plane is parallel to the longitudinal axis, - a support part partially surrounding the central cylindrical part, the bottom of which is flat and parallel to the flat, annular rim.

[0049] Finally, the invention further relates to a method according to the following statement 14:

[0050] 14. - Method for carrying out a construction according to one of statements 1 to 11, including the installation of at least one partition penetration device according to statement 12 or 13, connecting this device, on one side of the partition, to the said sanitary appliance(s) or to the said water room(s) and, on the other side of the partition, to the said technical equipment(s) and / or to the said network(s).

[0051] Other features and advantages of the invention will now be described in detail in the following exposition, which is given with reference to the accompanying figures, which schematically represent:

[0052] [Fig.l]: a schematic diagram;

[0053] [Fig.2]: a hospital room according to the invention;

[0054] [Fig.3]: an apartment in a residential building according to the invention;

[0055] [Fig.3bis]: a ground floor according to the invention;

[0056] [Fig.4]: a floor according to the invention;

[0057] [Fig.5]: a vertical section of an enclosed space;

[0058] [Fig.6]: a vertical section of a partition penetration by a device according to the invention;

[0059] [Fig.7]: a vertical section along AA of [Fig.6], of a nut of the device of the [Fig.6];

[0060] [Fig.8]: a vertical section along BB of [Fig.6], of another nut of the device of [Fig.6];

[0061] [Fig.9]: a vertical section of the partition penetration by another device according to the invention;

[0062] [Fig. 10]: a vertical section of the enclosed space showing another device according to the invention;

[0063] [Fig.1Bis]: a horizontal section with respect to [Fig. 10];

[0064] [Fig.1Oter]: a section along line AA of [Fig.1Obis];

[0065] [Fig. 11]: a special part according to the invention in front view;

[0066] [Fig. 12]: the special part of [Fig. 11] in right view;

[0067] [Fig. 13]: the special part of [Fig. 11] in position in a construction;

[0068] [Fig. 14]: a vertical section of an enclosed space;

[0069] [Fig. 15]: a vertical section of an enclosed space;

[0070] [Fig. 16]: a siphon according to the invention; and

[0071] [Fig. 17]: an automated toilet cleaning device. Detailed description of the invention General composition of a sanitary module:

[0072] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram, in horizontal section, where one distinguishes the three parts that make up a sanitary module, namely:

[0073] - firstly: a sanitary appliance or a water point 1 located against or very near of a partition wall 2 of the construction.

[0074] - secondly: an enclosed space 3, at the rear of the partition 2, in which find:

[0075] - all hot water, cold water and other networks and circuits, and

[0076] - the wastewater disposal, including the siphon of the sanitary appliance or point water,

[0077] - all sanitary equipment, electrical networks, automation systems,

[0078] electrical, electronic, pneumatic, hydraulic, sensors,

[0079] measuring, control devices;

[0080] knowing that the enclosed space preferably extends over the entire height of the floor, including the thickness of the floor and that of the ceiling and that access to the networks and equipment 4 of this enclosed space 3 is through one or more doors 5 at any floor height; - thirdly: special partition crossing devices 6 which directly connect the sanitary appliance or water point 1 to the networks and equipment 4 of the enclosed space 3, through the partition 2.

[0081] These devices are designed so that their accessibility, assembly, and disassembly are possible from the enclosed space 3.

[0082] The devices according to the invention relate in particular to:

[0083] - the passage through the partition, by a water circuit, or by any other fluid circuit;

[0084] - the passage through the partition by a wastewater drain pipe;

[0085] - the connection, from a shower tray, to the siphon 68, and to the wastewater downpipe;

[0086] - the connection, of a floor cleaning and washing water outlet and of walls of a water feature, at the siphon and the drain column;

[0087] - the connection, from a bathtub drain, to the siphon 68 and to the drain stack; and

[0088] - an automated toilet siphon cleaning device.

[0089] Each device is designed to adapt to the characteristics of the water supplies of the appliances or water points, and to the characteristics of the networks of the enclosed space 3.

[0090] The placement of sanitary modules in the construction plans is defined from the first studies of the project by the designer of the work.

[0091] It provides easy access to each enclosed space 3 of the sanitary modules, by any person.

[0092] This accessibility makes it possible to intervene, at any time, on all the elements that make up the sanitary modules, including special devices.

[0093] In the case of a multi-story building, the sanitary modules dedicated to the same type of appliance are placed vertically side by side. The enclosed spaces 3 then form a rectangular column that runs from the basement, where the networks and circuits connect to the general networks and circuits, to the roof, where the vents expel the stale air from the drain stacks to the outside of the building.

[0094] A sanitary module can likewise be associated with another module when the devices concerned are close to each other on the same floor. In this case, the two enclosed spaces become one, and the cold water, hot water, and other circuits, the various equipment, and the drain stack for both devices can be shared, if and only if their wastewater discharges are compatible.

[0095] This is the case, for example, of a sink and a dishwasher in a kitchen.

[0096] The devices designed adapt to all materials commonly used for the construction of partitions; preferably, plaster tiles of 5 to 10 centimeters, cellular concrete tiles, special plasterboards of 13 millimeters fixed to metal or wood structures.

[0097] EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION TO DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTIONS

[0098] The following are examples of the installation of sanitary modules in three types of construction: the sanitary facilities of a hospital room, the sanitary facilities and water points of an apartment in a residential building, the sanitary facilities and water points of a detached house.

[0099] The water points retained in these constructions are generally limited to the sink, the dishwasher, the washing machine, for the apartment and the individual house, to the floor and wall cleaning system, for the hospital room.

[0100] Each application is presented with a description followed by a plan of the sanitary facilities and water points.

[0101] Note that the layouts of the sanitary modules used in the examples given may be designed differently. They are left to the discretion of the designer of the structures. Hospital room

[0102] Fig. 2 represents a hospital room fitted out according to the construction rules published by the MNH, Mutuelle Nationale des Hospitaliers, and health and social professionals.

[0103] It accommodates disabled people, hence the large spaces provided for wheelchair access.

[0104] The room is divided into two parts: the bed area and the bathroom area.

[0105] In the sanitary facilities relevant to the application of the present invention, it is provided:

[0106] - a module 8, specific to the washbasin,

[0107] - a module 9, specific to shower 21,

[0108] - a module 10, specific to the recovery of water from washing floors and walls and

[0109] - a module 11, specific to toilets.

[0110] Sanitary modules 9 and 10 are adjoining. The enclosed spaces 3 merge to to form a single common space. The water discharged into these two modules is compatible. Therefore, there is only one drop column.

[0111] Access to the enclosed spaces of modules 9, 10 and 11 is from the access corridor to the upstairs bedrooms.

[0112] Access to the washbasin is provided inside the sanitary facilities. Apartment in a residential building

[0113] Figure [Fig.3] attached to this device gives an example of the application of the present invention in the layout of sanitary facilities and water points in an apartment in a residential building.

[0114] In this example of sanitary module layout, the sink and dishwasher are located against a partition wall that separates the kitchen from the bathroom.

[0115] The proposed arrangement of sanitary facilities and water points results in five sanitary modules: - a module 12, specific to toilets. - a module 13, specific to the washbasin. - a module 14, specific to the shower. - a module 15, specific to the sink and washing machine. - a module 16, specific to the washing machine, which has, in common with the module 15, the same the same drop column, since their wastewater is compatible (grey water).

[0116] Access to enclosed spaces 3 of these five sanitary modules is from inside the bathroom. Detached house

[0117] Fig. 3bis represents a ground floor of a detached house comprising modules 12 to 16 as previously described.

[0118] Fig. 4 represents a plan view of the sanitary facilities and water points on the floor of a detached house.

[0119] The [Fig.5], represents in vertical section the enclosed space 3 open common to all the sanitary modules provided in the house.

[0120] Returning to [Fig.4], we can see that in the open enclosed space 3, the networks, circuits and equipment are fixed - by pegs and clamps - against the partitions which surround this large enclosed space 3.

[0121] The proposed arrangement for the sanitary fixtures and water points in the house allows access to these networks, circuits and equipment in this large enclosed space.

[0122] Special devices integrated into the partitions directly connect the appliances and water points to the sanitary circuit networks and equipment.

[0123] The proposed layout of the bathrooms in this house results in the following list of sanitary modules:

[0124] On the ground floor, we find the same as in the apartment building in [Fig.3bis]: - a module 12 specifically for toilets, - a module 13 specific to the washbasin, - a module 14 specifically for the shower, - a module 15 specifically for the sink, - a module 16 specific here to the dishwasher, which discharges its wastewater onto a common drop column that receives wastewater from module 15.

[0125] On the floor shown in [Fig.4], there are: - a module 17 specific to a washbasin, - a module 18 specifically for toilets, - a module 19 specific to shower 21, - a module 20 which this time is specific to the washbasin, located inside the shower room.

[0126] The vertical section of [Fig. 5] shows that it is possible to install, in the enclosed space 3, other house networks, such as the MVHR (Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery) 22, the heating 27, the electrical networks 24, the gas networks 25, or the fiber optic network. Or, alternatively, a heat pump or a gas boiler.

[0127] All these networks are connected to the general networks and circuits which are located underground, in a channel 26 provided for this purpose.

[0128] On [Fig.5] also, reference number 28 designates the roof, number 29, the floor slab, 30, removable plates, 31, a floor covering, 32, the ground floor slab and 33, the crawl space. SPECIAL DEVICES

[0129] The descriptions of the special devices that form part of the invention are presented below, namely: - a device for passing water pipes through partitions, - a partition wall penetration device for the drain pipes wastewater, - a device for draining water from a shower tray, - a device for draining water from a bathtub, - a system for draining water used to clean the floors and walls of a bathroom and - an automated toilet siphon cleaning device.

[0130] Device for passing through partition by water circuits.

[0131] This device directly connects the taps of a sanitary appliance, or of a system which uses water, to the hot and cold water supply networks, as well as to any other water supply, which is located in the enclosed space 3 of the module.

[0132] The components of this device ensure the continuity of water flow. They can be assembled, disassembled, and replaced from within the enclosed space. These operations are carried out without requiring intervention on any other part of the building or its fixtures.

[0133] This device is shown in vertical section in [Fig.6]. They show the water supply of a wall tap, with a diameter of 3 / 4 inch.

[0134] Other devices made on the same principle are designed to adapt, on the one hand, to different types of tap or any other system using water, and, on the other hand, to the diameters of water circuits located in the enclosed space.

[0135] This device is shown in [Fig. 6]. It consists of:

[0136] - of a PVC tube 34 sealed in partition 2,

[0137] - of a special tubular main piece made of brass 35, which ensures the circulation of The water pipe has one end threaded male or female 36 depending on the fitting provided on the tap, and another end, threaded male 37. It connects, in the space closed 3, to a 90° elbow 42 having female or male ends 38,39, itself connected to the water supply network. This special part 35 cooperates with a nut-shaped part 40, in section AA on [Fig.7]. This feature allows the fixing of this special part 35 in the partition 2, by screwing the part 40 onto the end 36 of the part 35. The part 35 has, on the side of its end 37, a shoulder 94, visible in section BB on [Fig.8];

[0138] - of a washer 41 on which the shoulder 94 rests and which transmits the force of tightening,

[0139] - the end 37 of the tube 35 connects to the end 38 of the elbow 42 by means of a nut removable 44;

[0140] - the end 39 of the elbow 42 connects to the supply network via a copper pipe 43 connecting to the water supply riser, to which it is fixed by another removable nut 45. This removable nut 35 allows the device to be disconnected from the enclosed space's water supply network. Implementation of this device:

[0141] The implementation of this device requires:

[0142] - sealing the PVC pipe 34 in partition 2,

[0143] - the assembly of the special part 35 and the elbow 42 and the mounting of the washer 32 on special part 35,

[0144] - the placement of this assembly inside the tube 34, and its fixing in partition 2, by tightening the special part 40, which has a hexagonal-shaped section for this purpose and

[0145] - the connection of the elbow 42 to the copper tube 43 connected to a supply of water.

[0146] Installing the wall-mounted tap requires the use of two special devices, one for cold water and the other for hot water. The tap is connected to these two devices by means of an eccentric S-shaped fitting.

[0147] The dismantling of these devices is carried out in the reverse order of the assembly operations described above.

[0148] Device for passing wastewater drainage pipes through a partition

[0149] This device directly connects the wastewater outlet of a sanitary appliance or water point to the odor trap and the drainage network located in the enclosed space of a sanitary module.

[0150] This device is shown in [Fig. 9], which provides a vertical cross-section of a device that is integrated into a 40 mm diameter appliance drain. The same construction principle applies to a drain device of a different diameter.

[0151] Such a device consists of:

[0152] - of a special metal part 46, sealed in partition 2. It has several notches, for example 4 threaded rods on the side of the water feature, that is to say on the side opposite the enclosed space 3;

[0153] - of a rubber-based seal 47, which has the function of sealing the space included between part 46 and the PVC drain pipe 48 of the sanitary appliance or water point. This joint has 4 holes drilled to receive the threaded rods of the special part 46;

[0154] - of a washer 49, made of chrome-plated metal, which is also pierced with 4 holes for the threaded rods through special part 46;

[0155] - of 4 nuts 50 fitted with PVC covers for fixing the seal 47 and the washer 49 on piece 46;

[0156] - the wastewater drain pipe 48 of the appliance has a threaded end male 51 to connect to the drain of the sanitary appliance or water point, and a female threaded end 52 for its connection by screwing to the elbow 53 in the enclosed space 3;

[0157] - this 53° to 90° elbow is removable and allows for the separation of the device and the assembly consisting of the siphon and the wastewater downpipe.

[0158] Note that for devices with a diameter of 80 or 100 millimeters, the special part 46 can be made of PVC and the method of fixing the washer and the seal can be changed. Implementation of this device

[0159] The implementation of this device requires:

[0160] - the sealing of the special part 46 in the partition 2, by sealing with plaster or by injection of chemical product,

[0161] - the installation of the seal 47 and the washer 49,

[0162] - tightening the seal 47 and the washer 49 by the 4 nuts 50,

[0163] - the fixing of the removable elbow 53 to the siphon of the construction. Special device under a shower tray

[0164] This device directly connects the drain outlet of a shower tray to the assembly formed by the siphon and the wastewater downpipe, located within the enclosed space of the module. It allows for easy installation and removal of the shower tray drain from within the enclosed space.

[0165] This device is shown in Figures 10, 1Obis and 1Oter. It consists of ([Fig. 10]):

[0166] - of a reservation 54 made in the thickness of the floor 55 during the execution of the structural work,

[0167] - of a special part 56 forming a housing preferably made of PVC, detailed on the Figures 11 and 12. The design of this special part allows, as shown in the [Fig.10], the free entry and exit of the drain from the enclosed space of the sanitary module,

[0168] - of a drain 57, threaded on the shower tray side 60, with a 90° elbow 58, and a pipe 59 which connects it to the wastewater drainage network, visible on [Fig.1bis],

[0169] - of a threaded part 61, which fixes the drain 57 to the shower tray 60; the sealing of This connection is ensured by a joint 62 placed between the two parts 57 and 61,

[0170] - the elbow 58 is preferably made of PVC, it is removable and ensures disconnection of the drain 57 and the entire assembly, siphon and wastewater downpipe. This separation allows the installation, removal and reinstallation of the drain 57, without interfering with any other part of the building or its fittings.

[0171] - of a removable grid 63, which is positioned in part 61; its design allows, During cleaning or maintenance of drain 57, it is extremely easy to handle for removal and replacement. Details of special part 56

[0172] Special part 56 can be seen in detail in figures 11 and 12.

[0173] This is a cylindrical part forming a housing having - a central cylindrical part 105 having a longitudinal axis 102, - a bent and inclined end 100 terminating in a flat and annular rim 101 whose plane is parallel to the longitudinal axis 102, - a support part 103 partially surrounding the central cylindrical part 105 and whose bottom 104 is flat and parallel to the flat and annular rim 101.

[0174] Returning to [Fig.10], we see that the special part 56 is suitable for receiving almost the entire drain plug 57.

[0175] The flared end 106 of the drain 57 is provided to fit into the angled and inclined end 100, while the main tubular part 107 of the drain 57 is received in the cylindrical central part 105 of the special part 56.

[0176] Fig. 13 represents the special part 56 seen from the right in position under a shower tray 60 in the recess 54 made in the floor 55 and resting on the wedges 65. The flat and annular rim 101 is flush with a floor covering 108. Description of the implementation of this system

[0177] The implementation of a shower tray, and of the device according to our invention, is done in two stages.

[0178] Here are the operations to be planned. First step:

[0179] The general contractor makes the reservation 54 in the reinforced concrete floor, following the detailed plans of the architect and the reinforced concrete engineer who then integrate them into the execution plan of the floor. Second stage:

[0180] The plumbing company carries out the implementation of the system in the reservation and installation of the 60 shower tray. These operations require: 1. the placement, on shims 65, of the special part 56 in the recess 54. These shims 65 of adapted thicknesses ensure the correct slope of flow 69 of the wastewater which circulates in the drain 57, and, above all, ensure a precise position of the upper face of the part 56 on which the shower tray 60 will rest, which acts as an intermediate part; 2. the execution of the filling of the space located between the part 56 and the reservation 54 with mortar of form 64; 3. the installation of the shower tray 60, on the one hand, on the masonry part in mortar 64, and, on the other hand, on the piece 56, by inserting a sealing joint 66; 4. The installation of the assembly consisting of the drain 57, onto which a sealing gasket 62 will be glued, and the 90-degree elbow 58, which is glued to the drain 57. This operation requires two workers; one, in the enclosed space, positions the drain 57 inside the part 56, by slightly rotating it, under the shower tray 60; this operation is shown in [Fig. 10], which shows the drain 57 in its initial position and its final position; it is facilitated by the shape of the part 56 in the tubular cross profiles and the longitudinal profile, which guide the drain 57 into its final position; the other worker, in the shower space, screws the threaded part 61 onto the drain 57, which is held firmly by the worker in the enclosed space; This screwing is done using a special key which rests on lugs located inside the threaded part 61; 5. the installation of the removable grid 63; and 6. Connecting the 90-degree elbow 58 to the siphon 68 using the removable nut 67, visible in figures lObis and lOter. Dismantling this device

[0181] Disassembly of the device is carried out by operations performed in the reverse order of the assembly operations. Only one worker is required for this. Indeed, the drain 57 can be disassembled by unscrewing the threaded part 61, and then by loosening the removable nut 67 of the 90-degree elbow 58, which will release the drain 57 / elbow 58 assembly.

[0182] The other operations require only one worker. Bathtub drainage system

[0183] This device directly connects the outlet and overflow of the bathtub to the siphon and the wastewater drainage system located in the enclosed space.

[0184] This device passes through a large hole made in the partition. This hole allows the assembly consisting of the bathtub drain pipe and the overflow pipe to be mounted and dismounted.

[0185] A metal frame structures the hole in the partition.

[0186] Figure 14 shows this device in vertical section. It is incorporated under the bathtub and in the space created through the partition 2 by the metal frame 70.

[0187] This device consists of two sets:

[0188] A first assembly, consisting of special parts which may be made of brass and PVC, which includes:

[0189] - a special part 71, connected to the water outlet of the bathtub,

[0190] - a special part 72, which fixes the special part 72 to the bathtub by screwing. This The part has 73 stubs that allow this screwing operation, and

[0191] - a sealing gasket 74, located between these two parts.

[0192] A second assembly consisting of special parts, PVC pipe and fittings, and comprising:

[0193] - a special part 75, connected to the overflow water outlet of the bathtub 85,

[0194] - a special part 76, which fixes one end 110 of the special part 75 to the bathtub, by screwing; this part has stubs 77 which allow this screwing operation;

[0195] - a sealing gasket 78, located between these two parts;

[0196] - a 90° elbow 79, screwed onto another end 113 of the special part 75;

[0197] - an overflow drain connection pipe 80, one end of which has a pressure fitting 81 which allows screwing and disconnection at the elbow 79, and another end 23, screwed to a T fitting 82;

[0198] - the T-fitting 82 is screwed onto the special part 71, onto the cylindrical part of fitting or pipe 80 and on an elbow 83;

[0199] - this 90° elbow 83 is fitted with a nut 84, which allows for disconnection from the entire system, including the siphon and the wastewater drainage network or wastewater pipe, located in enclosed space 3 of the sanitary module. Implementation of this system:

[0200] The two assemblies that make up this device are assembled either on site or, more advantageously, in a workshop. This assembly brings together all the elements located between the 90° elbow 83 and the tub 85.

[0201] This assembly is then fixed under and against the bathtub 85, incorporating the sealing gaskets 74, using the special parts 72 and 76. The last element, the T-fitting 82, located in the enclosed space 3, is connected, using the elbow 83 with nut 84, to the siphon / wastewater downpipe assembly.

[0202] Wastewater disposal device for a wet room, relating either to rooms where floors and walls need cleaning, or to open shower areas

[0203] This device is shown in [Fig. 15]. It directly connects the wastewater outlet of a body of water to the siphon, and then to the downpipe.

[0204] It consists of all the components of the device under a shower tray described in relation to Figures 10 to 13. It differs from them only in the connection of this device to the floor waterproofing system of the bathroom under consideration. This connection handles the link between the drain and the waterproofing.

[0205] This water feature can be a room where we want to clean the floors and walls with water (for example with a water jet).

[0206] It can also be a room with an "open shower space". In this case, it is a space with sloping shapes, waterproofing and flooring installed in situ.

[0207] This space can be made up of either: - a PVC-based shower system, - of a ceramic or similar coating, or - a natural stone covering, including a thin acoustic underlay and a waterproofing allowing direct installation of glued tiles and installation on a floating support.

[0208] This type of space applies, for example, to walk-in showers, hospital rooms or nursing homes.

[0209] Principle of connecting the drain to the floor sealing system of the room:

[0210] This drain fitting 57 to the sealing system is detailed in the section longitudinal of the device of [Fig. 15]. This figure shows this fitting designed for a room space with PVC-based flooring.

[0211] Regardless of the flooring system planned for the bathroom, this fitting provides: - a first waterproofing layer 86 and - an intermediate piece 87, here in the form of a metal washer placed on this first waterproofing layer. This piece transmits the forces supported by the drain 57 to the mortar 64 and then to the floor 55; the profile of this intermediate piece 87, in vertical section, is designed to adapt to the planned flooring system in the bathroom. This is particularly true for those with a top layer of natural stone; - a second layer of waterproofing 88. Implementation of this system

[0212] The implementation of this device is, as a whole, identical to that of the device under a shower tray.

[0213] The following operations are added: - the insertion of the metal part 87 between the two sealing layers 86 and 88; and - the fixing of the drain 57, with its sealing gasket 62, to the metal part 87, using the special threaded part 61.

[0214] These two operations ensure the watertightness of the whole consisting of the floor system of the water feature and the wastewater evacuation device. Automated toilet cleaning device

[0215] This device, visible in [Fig. 17], allows the automation of the cleaning of the siphon installed on the wastewater drainage network 112. It is of particular interest to the one in the WC, where black water circulates.

[0216] The basis of this mechanism is a double-acting, electrically operated cylinder 111. It is powered from a cabinet located within the enclosed space of the sanitary module. This cabinet contains all the electrical and electronic components necessary for powering the electric cylinder 111, as well as for controlling and programming the valves that open and close the water circuits.

[0217] The metal structure, which supports this cylinder 111, is modified to adapt to the fixing system provided by the manufacturer of this equipment. Implementation of this system

[0218] The implementation of this device presents no difficulty.

[0219] All of its components, including the electrical cabinet, are manufactured in the workshop. The plumbing contractor, after fixing the siphon in the enclosed space of the sanitary module, will have no difficulty installing it.

[0220] Electrical connections are made by the electrician. Description of a siphon

[0221] In the present invention, the siphon is placed in the enclosed space of the sanitary module. It collects wastewater from the special device or water point and discharges it into the wastewater downpipe.

[0222] The siphon 68 is adapted to the diameter of the appliance drain or that of the water point.

[0223] Fig. 16 shows a siphon with a diameter of 40 millimeters. It is shown in vertical section. Made from a single piece of PVC, it can have a different shape in the horizontal plane and adapt to the width of the enclosed space of the module.

[0224] A siphon comprises the following elements:

[0225] - a detachable fitting 89 with nut and seal which allows the disconnection of the siphon with special partition wall penetration device,

[0226] - a siphon cleaning pad 90, which can be operated either manually, by by rodding or using a shower head, or automatically with high-pressure water,

[0227] - a manual cleaning pad 91 for the drop column 92. This pad serves, also, to remove any blockage formed in the wastewater downpipe,

[0228] - a 93-way fitting, placed on the downpipe, which ensures its connection to the siphon 68; A flexible seal ensures the watertightness of this connection. Installing the siphon

[0229] The siphon is fixed against the wall of the enclosed space of the module by means of plugs and clamps.

[0230] The assembly or disassembly of the siphon is easily carried out, at one of its ends, by the fitting 89 with movable nut, and, at the other end, at the drop column, by the flexible joint connection of the 93 fitting. ORIGINALITY AND ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[0231] The originality of the present invention lies in the creation of "sanitary modules" assigned to each sanitary appliance and each water point in a building. Indeed, this arrangement provides access to all components of the sanitary installations and to all other appliances or systems that use water.

[0232] In these sanitary modules, all elements, including the components of the special devices just described, are designed to be, at all times, visible, mountable, dismountable, remountable, replaceable, and easy to maintain. This is achieved without having to intervene on any other part of the building or its fittings.

[0233] This accessibility and design of installations does not exist in any current construction, whether old or new, because in these, at least part, if not all, of the networks and circuits are embedded in the walls, partitions and floors.

[0234] However, networks and circuits age, and the risks of leaks or loss of watertightness of pipes become increasingly higher over time.

[0235] These risks are largely neglected or ignored during the preparation of the plans for the structure by the designer, the project manager, the architect, the manager or future owner of the structure. The possibility of easily carrying out maintenance or repairs on future sanitary installations is therefore not studied.

[0236] And we know that if sanitary facilities and water points were not planned during the initial construction phase, it is subsequently impossible to make them accessible. Indeed, these installations were mostly carried out at the discretion of the plumbing company, which had no other option than to run the pipes and conduits through the partitions, walls, and floors.

[0237] It should be noted that in the event of a leak in a pipe or circuit embedded in a wall, partition, or floor, it is known that if it is small, it may not be immediately noticeable. And, if this situation persists, it will encourage an attack of the wood by dry rot or deterioration of the building materials.

[0238] In all cases, a leak detection service will be required by a specialist using sophisticated equipment. This will involve demolition of either the floor or the ceiling, repair of the leak, and reconstruction of the floor or ceiling to its original condition. This repair will necessarily take place inside the dwelling, causing significant disruption and preventing the occupants from fully enjoying their living space. The estimated cost in France is between €2,000 and €3,000.

[0239] On the contrary, the present invention allows for regular inspection of sanitary installations. For example, for nursing homes, regulations are imposed specifying a frequency of inspection of these installations at less than 5 years, with the diagnosis to be recorded in the building's maintenance log.

[0240] The ability to access these facilities, obtained by the present invention, gives the manager, the owner, and any person total control of the sanitary facilities and water points, and the ability to act immediately as soon as there is a leak.

[0241] For example, a regulated pressurized water network can be provided for cleaning the appliances, floors and walls of a bathroom, running through the enclosed space of a sanitary module and supplying a spray cleaning system. This greatly facilitates the task of the cleaning staff.

[0242] This possibility, with total control of sanitary installations, makes it possible to obtain optimal aseptication of a sensitive water room, such as hospital sanitary facilities or those of health homes.

[0243] The facility manager can, at any time, equip these sanitary installations with sensors placed in the enclosed spaces of the modules, and with centralized management of the information obtained. They can then monitor and know, for each sanitary appliance or water point, the consumption of hot water, cold water, or the quantities of wastewater discharged.

[0244] This monitoring enables automated leak detection, for example using an alarm trigger that will precisely identify the circuit concerned. This will allow for rapid intervention on that circuit.

[0245] The intervention will take place in two stages:

[0246] - by acting on the manual or automatic valve located in the enclosed space which cuts off the water supply to the circuit in question.

[0247] - then, by calling the plumber who will easily work on the component(s) The source of the leak is a simple operation, since all components are accessible, removable, repairable or replaceable.

[0248] This intervention method is useful for clearing blockages that can occur in traps and drain pipes of appliances or systems, and in stacks. Traps located in enclosed spaces can be cleaned manually by hand-operated rod cleaning, with a shower nozzle, or by an automated system. Clearing a blockage in a wastewater drain or stack is done via an opening plug located on the trap. This is particularly useful for sinks, washbasins, dishwashers, and toilets, which discharge heavily contaminated wastewater.

[0249] The speed and ease of intervention results, on the one hand, in a reduction of the cost of the repair, and, on the other hand, in the limitation, to the maximum, of water losses.

[0250] A fundamental advantage, because we know that regulations will evolve towards stricter standards. In particular, due to the climate change predicted for the coming years.

[0251] The present invention also has the ability, through the creation of enclosed spaces, to adapt to technical developments and future innovations. For example, it is possible to add automation systems, sensors, change components, regulate water flow rates, optimize water and material savings, and secure the installations.

[0252] In the enclosed spaces of sanitary modules, a wastewater recycling system can be installed, either initially or after construction, after the wastewater has undergone treatment. This water will be used for cleaning the appliances as well as the floors and walls of a room that requires special treatment.

[0253] Furthermore, enclosed spaces facilitate the use of PEX (cross-linked polyethylene). This material is less expensive than copper, which is currently the most commonly used. Indeed, in enclosed spaces, pipes and fittings are protected from UV radiation and predators, and can expand freely. They can be monitored periodically and replaced if necessary.

[0254] From an aesthetic point of view, the present invention eliminates, throughout the construction, any view of the networks, circuits, and equipment since they are at the interior of the sanitary units. The installations can therefore be made with less expensive, and thus less refined, materials. For example, sink drains can be made of PVC instead of chrome-plated brass.

[0255] The present invention makes it possible to study software which allows, for each sanitary appliance or water point, the establishment of their detailed execution plans, as well as the list of components of the sanitary installations, before the start of construction.

[0256] The present invention also makes it possible to produce, in the workshop, parts, or even assemblies of installations, which facilitates assembly and reduces the time required for their implementation on the construction site.

[0257] During construction, the plumbing company can thus intervene quickly in enclosed spaces, while disturbing as little as possible the other trades that are working at the same time on the project.

[0258] Other networks, such as those for lighting appliances, bathroom ventilation, and others, can be installed within the enclosed spaces of sanitary modules. This is even more relevant in the case of the common enclosed space of a detached house.

[0259] Finally, it is possible to apply the present invention to other networks, such as fiber optic networks, or computer circuits that can be integrated into a module that serves office floors. Other formulations of the invention

[0260] 1 - "Sanitary module" at least one story high, assigned to a device A sanitary or water-using appliance located against, or near, a partition wall, and comprising: firstly, the appliance itself; secondly, an enclosed space behind the partition wall containing all the networks, circuits, and equipment associated with the appliance; and thirdly, special devices located between the appliance, including its valves, and the enclosed space. These devices allow for a direct connection of the appliance to the networks, circuits, and equipment.

[0261] 2 - "Sanitary modules" specific to the same type of device which have the possibility to be juxtaposed between floors to form a continuous space, from the basement, where the networks and circuits connect to the general networks and circuits, up to the roof from which the vents emerge.

[0262] 3 - "Sanitary module" which can be associated with another module when the devices The sanitary facilities or water points in question are close to each other. In this case, the hot and cold water supply circuits, other circuits, and equipment can be shared. Furthermore, there will only be one wastewater drainpipe if, and only if, the two are compatible. This is the case, for example, with a sink and a dishwasher placed side by side in a kitchen.

[0263] 4 - "Sanitary modules" allowing complete control of the whole sanitary facilities and water points in a building. And, thus, the possibility of achieving total sanitization of sanitary facilities. This possibility is fundamental in hospitals, nursing homes, convalescent homes, and facilities for the elderly.

[0264] 4bis - "Sanitary Modules" allowing the integration of UV-C (ultraviolet C-index) water sterilization modules. These modules eliminate microorganisms found in water, including microbes, viruses, bacteria, and fungi, in an environmentally friendly way, and eliminate those that can cause diarrheal diseases. These modules are integrated into enclosed spaces, as close as possible to water users. This UV-C water decontamination is particularly sought after in the medical and healthcare sectors. It will become essential in the hotel and restaurant industry.

[0265] 5 - "Sanitary modules" having special devices which directly connect appliances, including their valves, to their networks, circuits and equipment.

[0266] 6 - "Sanitary module" having an enclosed space which provides access to all elements of the module, by any person or craftsman, with its full-height floor doors.

[0267] This accessibility feature allows:

[0268] - to reach all the constituent elements of the special devices. To be able to They can be easily assembled, disassembled, and replaced without altering any part of the building or its fixtures.

[0269] - to reach all the constituent elements of the networks, circuits and equipment of the modules, and

[0270] - to be able to assemble, disassemble, reassemble, replace, maintain, and inspect them, modify them, in whole or in part.

[0271] 7 - "Sanitary modules" allowing any person to see, in detail, all the The components that make them up. This has the advantage of being able to immediately detect a water leak, locate it, and stop it in minimal time by activating the safety valves installed in enclosed spaces. But also, to monitor the evolution of these components over time and to carry out periodic checks.

[0272] 8 - "Sanitary modules" having enclosed spaces which allow their constituent elements in compliance with new regulations, such as the foreseeable tightening imposed by general water pollution and climate change.

[0273] 9 - "Sanitary modules" allowing the addition, within enclosed spaces, Technical cabinets, sensors, control devices, automation systems, cabling, and complementary equipment. And also, the creation of new circuits, such as those for rainwater or wastewater recycling after their Treatments. Waters that can be used for cleaning appliances, drains, floors and walls in wet rooms.

[0274] 10 - "Sanitary modules" including the design and position of the siphons in the Enclosed spaces allow for their maintenance as well as that of wastewater downpipes, and allow for the easy removal of an obstruction (blockage) of these pipes, by manual rodding or by regulated pressure water jet.

[0275] 11 - "Sanitary modules" allowing for production in PER (Polyethylene) material High-density cross-linked polyethylene (HDPE) is used to construct the components of water circuits. Indeed, within enclosed spaces, these circuits benefit from conditions favorable to their lifespan; namely, they are protected from UV radiation and predators, and they have the capacity to expand, since they are not embedded. Furthermore, their components can be easily monitored, disassembled, repaired, and replaced, in whole or in part.

[0276] 12 - "Sanitary modules" whose design allows them to be assigned by a manufacturer to one, several or all of the sanitary fixtures in the building.

[0277] 13 - "Sanitary modules" characterized by their integration into a building, from the initial project studies, by the designer, architect, project manager, or future owner.

[0278] 14- “Sanitary modules” specific to showers, having a special device, placed under the shower tray, which allows free assembly and disassembly of the drain from the enclosed space.

[0279] 15 - "Sanitary modules" assigned to toilets, having a special device designed for automated siphon cleaning, using high-pressure water.

[0280] 16 - "Sanitary modules" allowing the establishment, from the design stage of the structure, The precise plans of the networks, circuits and equipment of the sanitary installations and water points. And, thus, to be able to produce them in the workshop, in their entirety or in sub-assemblies.

[0281] 17 - "Sanitary modules" allowing for standardization of the elements which Since they are not visible, their appearance plays no role. Only their good working quality and durability matter.

[0282] 18 - "Sanitary modules" enabling the design of software for executing plans, networks, circuits and equipment of sanitary appliances and water points.

[0283] 19 - "Sanitary modules" following all the points above, allowing to to produce kits of sub-assemblies of networks, circuits or equipment, adapted to the different specific sanitary modules.

[0284] 20 - "Sanitary modules" with an enclosed space, in which can be installed other networks, such as those for lighting sanitary fixtures or water points, ventilation, fiber optics, as well as computer circuits, and others.

Claims

Demands

1. A structure comprising a floor and a ceiling and: - at least one enclosed space (3) extending at least from the floor to the ceiling and into which open at least one technical device and / or at least one network (4), - at least one sanitary appliance or water feature (1) located outside the enclosed space (3) and connected to the technical device and / or the network through at least one partition (2) of the enclosed space (3), - at least one partition penetration device (6) capable of connecting both to said sanitary appliance(s) or to said water feature(s) (1) and to said technical device(s) and / or to said network(s) (4), this partition penetration device (6) comprising at least: - a drain (57) having a threaded end (106), - a cylindrical fixing piece (61) having a thread suitable for cooperating with the threaded end (106) of the drain plug (57), - an intermediate piece (60,87) suitable for being placed at least partially between the cylindrical fixing piece (61) and the drain (57), - a grid-forming piece (63) suitable for being inserted into the cylindrical fixing piece (61) and - a cylindrical housing-forming piece (56) having - a cylindrical central part (105) having a longitudinal axis (102), - an angled and inclined end (100) terminating in a flat and annular rim (101) whose plane is parallel to the longitudinal axis (102), - a support-forming part (103) partially surrounding the cylindrical central part (105) and whose bottom (104) is flat and parallel to the flat and annular rim (101).

2. Construction according to claim 1, wherein the drain (57) is a cylindrical connecting piece having an elbow at each of its ends, one (106) of these ends being flared and threaded to cooperate with the cylindrical fixing piece (61).

3. Construction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate piece is a shower tray (60).

4. Construction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate piece is a washer (87).

5. Construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a siphon (68) composed of at least the following elements: - a removable fitting (89) with nut and seal which allows the siphon to be separated from the special partition crossing device, - a pad (90) for manual or automatic cleaning of the siphon, - a pad (91) for manual cleaning of the waste stack (92), - a Y-fitting (93), placed on the waste stack (92), which ensures its connection to the siphon, the connection being made watertight by means of a flexible seal.

6. Method of carrying out a construction according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the installation of the device(s) (6) for passing through the partition (2) by connecting this or these devices), on one side of the partition (2), to said sanitary appliance(s) or to said water room(s) (1) and, on the other side of the partition (2), to said technical equipment(s) and / or to said network(s) (4).

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