ILLUMINABLE VEHICLE WINDOW ELEMENT AND VEHICLE WITH SUCH A WINDOW ELEMENT

Abstract

One aspect of the invention relates to an illuminable glazed vehicle element comprising a guiding layer and a reflective light redirection element, wherein the light redirection element has a characteristic width ranging from 0.9L to 3L, where L corresponds to the rebound length of a light ray in the guiding layer. Figure to be published with the abstract: Figure 1a

Description

Title of the invention: ILLUMINABLE VEHICLE WINDOW ELEMENT AND VEHICLE WITH SUCH A WINDOW ELEMENT

[0001] The technical field of the invention is that of illuminateable laminated glazing for vehicles.

[0002] In particular, the invention relates to an illuminable vehicle glazing, in particular a motor vehicle glazing, intended to be illuminated by a light source.

[0003] For example, application WO2023 / 144282 describes a vehicle glazing that can be illuminated by guiding and extracting light. The light emitted by a light source located on the passenger compartment side opposite the inner pane is redirected by a light-redirecting element, which is a prismatic reflective film within the glazing.

[0004] However, it has been observed that a luminous halo can appear in and around an area of ​​the glazing where light is injected. This halo can take various forms, such as concentric circles or a repetition of lines. Such a halo is undesirable because it can detract from the aesthetics of the illuminated glazing when the light source is switched on, reducing the effectiveness of the lighting, or even causing discomfort to the user.

[0005] There is therefore a need to improve vehicle glazing. One aspect of the invention relates to an illuminable glazed element of a vehicle, particularly a road vehicle (fixed or opening, such as a roof, side window, especially rear window, rear window, windshield, particularly for cars but also trucks, public transport such as buses, coaches, etc.), comprising laminated glazing, preferably curved, transparent, and preferably with at least one central clear section, comprising:

[0006] - a first transparent sheet, made of mineral glass (clear or tinted), having a first main face Fl Fl (intended to face outwards from the vehicle), a second main face F2 opposite the first main face Fl (optionally coated with a transparent functional coating (in the clear part of the glass, in particular a transparent functional coating with a thickness of at most 1pm or 200nm) and even a first layer), the first sheet being intended to form an outer pane of glass; in particular for a road vehicle (automobile) and even a car, preferably with a thickness of at most 4mm, or even at most 2.5mm, even at most 2.2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm - and even with a thickness of at least 0.7mm, for example with a refractive index nv of at least 1.5 in the visible spectrum

[0007] - a second transparent sheet made of mineral glass (preferably extra clear) or in polymer, having a third main face F3 (oriented towards face F2), a fourth main face F4 opposite the third main face F3 (and a second slice - aligned or offset from the first slice, in particular recessed-); in particular a second sheet with a thickness of at least 0.7mm (to promote light guidance), possibly less than that of the first sheet of glass, even by no more than 2.2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm- or even by no more than 1.3mm or by no more than 1mm, the total thickness of the first and second sheets preferably being strictly less than 5 or 4mm, even 3.7mm),

[0008] - between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, a polymer laminate interlayer in particular comprising a lower interlayer in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a transparent functional coating on the third main face F3 and optionally: an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 or with a transparent functional coating on the second main face F2, and even an additional interlayer between the upper and lower interlayers, and / or a frame layer surrounding an electrically controllable device and / or surrounding a functional polymer film, forming for example a substrate with a functional coating (functional film or electrically controllable device encapsulated in the laminate interlayer between the upper interlayer and the additional interlayer); and

[0009] - (preferably along a first edge of the glazing for example longitudinal) a light redirection reflector element on the third main face F3, particularly at the periphery of the laminated glazing, the light redirection element being a prismatic reflector element comprising reflector prisms preferably (oriented towards the third main face F3 or towards the second main face F2), capable of redirecting light from a light source (elongated, collimated, of low divergence), preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, positioned (particularly in relation to the laminated glazing) on ​​the fourth main face F4; optionally, particularly along a second edge of the glazing, for example longitudinal opposite to the first edge, another light redirection reflector element and another light source (thus doubling the injection and redirection means on both sides of the view).

[0010] The laminated glazing comprises a light guide extending opposite the second principal face F2, the light guide comprising a guiding layer including at least the second sheet (and sometimes the lower interlayer), the guiding layer comprising an inner surface and an opposing outer surface, the outer surface being on the side of the fourth principal face F4, in particular the layer of guidance being capable of guiding at least a part of light rays redirected along a principal direction of propagation (by total internal reflection).

[0011] The light redirection element has a characteristic width preferably taken from the inner (longitudinal) edge of the light redirection element, ranging from 0.9L to 3L, where L corresponds to a bounce length of a light ray guided in the light guide, that is to say a length between two successive points of incidence of a light ray guided on a surface, between the inner surface and the outer surface of the guiding layer (preferably the inner surface), the two successive points of incidence being located downstream of the light redirection element with respect to the main direction of propagation.

[0012] L is preferably defined by ignoring refraction, which has a negligible effect.

[0013] Preferably, the light ray used to define the bounce length can be a light ray in total internal reflection with one of the two surfaces of the light guide layer that provides the largest bounce length L.

[0014] The light redirection element or prismatic reflector element (preferably in one or more connected portions) can be elongated (preferably perpendicular to the direction of propagation), thus having a length and a width (preferably parallel to the direction of propagation). The light redirection element, for example, is rectangular in shape in the plane of the glazing. The prismatic element thus has an inner (longitudinal) edge and an outer (longitudinal) edge, the outermost of the two edges.

[0015] By "characteristic width", it is understood that a width of at least a portion (called hereinafter "useful portion") of the prismatic element, the useful portion corresponding to a portion of the prismatic element comprising a part illuminated when the light source is on and a front part (outside the light injection zone), adjacent to the illuminated part and downstream (in the direction of light propagation) of the illuminated portion.More precisely, the useful portion is delimited by a useful outer edge (the outermost of the two useful edges) and a useful inner edge (the innermost of the two useful edges). The useful inner edge is located downstream of the useful outer edge in the direction of propagation. The useful inner edge corresponds to the inner edge of the prismatic element (also forming the inner edge of the dark area), while the useful outer edge corresponds to an outer edge of the portion of the prismatic element that is illuminated when the light source is switched on. Thus, depending on how the prismatic element is positioned relative to the light source, the characteristic width can be the total width of the prismatic element, or the total width of the prismatic element minus the width of a portion. rear (outside the light injection zone), upstream in the direction of light propagation from the illuminated part.

[0016] It is noted that increasing the width of the prismatic element is not straightforward, as this reduces the amount of guided light, the very amount that one seeks to optimize. In practice, the prior art light redirection element is such that a light ray, after passing through the second sheet, being reflected by the light redirection element, and then reflected again at the fourth face F4, must not reach the light redirection element again. Indeed, in order to optimize light guiding, the width of the light redirection element is limited to avoid a double bounce of a light ray off the element, since such a light ray is directly extracted and does not contribute to guiding.

[0017] One could further limit the formation of the light halo described above by positioning an opaque, light-absorbing layer at a light injection point in the light guide, between the outer glass sheet and the light guide. This would absorb the light rays that could cause this halo effect while maintaining the prismatic element width optimized for guiding. However, this absorbing layer would absorb light rays, called "useful light rays," which would otherwise have been guided into the light guide and thus extracted from the light guide to an area to be illuminated by the light extraction means.

[0018] On the contrary, the present invention proposes a range of values ​​for the characteristic width of the prismatic element which makes it possible to maximize the quantity of useful light rays that can be guided and then extracted from the light guide, while minimizing the presence of halo.

[0019] In one or more embodiments, the second sheet has a refractive index ni of at least 1.5 and even at most 2.2 or even at most 1.65, the guide layer has a minimum refractive index ncmin, the light guide comprises an inner sheath layer between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, the inner sheath layer having a refractive index ngl strictly less than ncmin, the guide layer being in contact with the inner sheath layer, the light guide optionally comprises an outer sheath layer opposite the inner sheath layer, on the side of the fourth main face F4, and having a refractive index ng2 strictly less than ncmin, the rebound length L is equal to:

[0020] L = 2xElxtan(0RT)

[0021] with:

[0022] 0RT = arcsin(ngM / ncmin) in particular representing a limit angle of internal total reflection for the guiding layer

[0023] where:

[0024] El is a thickness of the guidance layer downstream of the light redirection element with respect to the main direction of propagation;

[0025] ngM corresponds to a maximum between ng[ and ng2 when the light guide includes an outer sheath layer, and to ng[ and when the light guide does not include an outer sheath layer (free face F4), in particular ngi (and even ngM) is equal to n3.

[0026] In the description, the refractive indices are taken in the visible spectrum. In the description, the expression "between" two values ​​includes both of those values ​​(boundaries).

[0027] In one or more embodiments, the second sheet has a refractive index ni in the visible at least equal to 1.5. In particular, the refractive index in the visible of the second sheet may be between 1.5 and 2.2, for example between 1.5 and 1.7.

[0028] Thus, one aspect of the invention relates to an illuminable glazed element of a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, comprising laminated glazing, preferably curved, transparent, the laminated glazing comprising:

[0029] - a first transparent sheet of mineral glass, having a first face main face Fl, a second main face F2 opposite the first main face Fl (and a first slice), the first sheet being intended to form an outer glass;

[0030] - a second transparent sheet, made of mineral glass or polymer, having a third main face F3, a fourth main face F4 opposite the third main face F3 (and a second slice);

[0031] - between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, a polymer laminate interlayer, in particular comprising a lower interlayer in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the third main face F3 and optionally: an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 or with a functional transparent coating on the second main face F2, an additional interlayer between the upper and lower interlayers, a frame layer surrounding an electrically controllable device and / or a functional polymer film forming a substrate with a functional coating; and

[0032] - a light redirection element reflector on the third main face F3, particularly around the perimeter of the laminated glass, the light redirection element being a prismatic reflecting element comprising reflecting prisms (oriented towards the third main face F3 or towards the second main face F2), capable of redirecting light from a light source (elongated, collimated, of low divergence), preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, positioned (opposite the laminated glazing) on ​​the fourth main face F4 (coupled to the light redirection element, positioned for the injection of light);

[0033] the laminated glazing comprising a light guide extending opposite the second main face F2, the light guide comprising a guiding layer comprising at least the second sheet, the guiding layer comprising an internal surface and an opposite external surface, the external surface being on the side of the fourth main face F4, in particular the guiding layer being capable of guiding at least a portion of light rays redirected (by the light redirection element) along a principal direction of propagation by total internal reflection.

[0034] The second sheet has a refractive index ni of at least 1.5 and even of at most 2.2 or even of at most 1.65, the guide layer has a minimum refractive index ncmin, the light guide includes an inner sheath layer between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, the inner sheath layer having a refractive index ngl strictly less than ncmin, the guide layer being in contact with the inner sheath layer, the light guide optionally includes an outer sheath layer opposite the inner sheath layer, on the side of the fourth main face F4, and having a refractive index ng2 strictly less than ncmin;

[0035] The light redirection element (in particular elongated and even linear, with an internal longitudinal edge and an external longitudinal edge, the most peripheral of the two edges), has a characteristic width preferably taken from the internal edge (most central edge) of the light redirection element, ranging from 0.9L to 3L;

[0036] in which a length L (assimilated to the aforementioned rebound length) is equal to:

[0037] L = 2xElxtan(0RT)

[0038] with:

[0039] 0RT = arcsin(ngM / ncmin) in particular representing a limit angle of total internal reflection for the guiding layer

[0040] where:

[0041] El is a thickness of the guidance layer downstream of the light redirection element with respect to the main direction of propagation;

[0042] ngM corresponds to a maximum between ng[ and ng2 when the light guide includes an outer sheath layer, and to ng[ when the light guide does not include an outer sheath layer, in particular ngi (and even ngM) is equal to n3.

[0043] In one or more embodiments the characteristic width of the light redirection element corresponds to a total width W of the light redirection element.

[0044] Alternatively, the light redirection element extends (laterally) between an outer edge and an inner edge, the inner edge being located downstream of the outer edge in a principal direction of light propagation in the light guide, the laminated glazing comprises, in the fourth principal face F4, an illumination portion (by the light source), preferably the illumination portion corresponding to the full width at half maximum of the luminance or illuminance distribution in the plane of face F4, the illumination portion extending (laterally) between an outer end and an inner end, the inner end being located downstream of the outer end in the principal direction of light propagation (in the light guide), the characteristic width of the light redirection element corresponds to a width Wp of a portion of the light redirection element,the portion of the light redirection element being delimited by a first end located opposite the outer end of the illuminated portion and a second end corresponding to the inner edge of the light redirection element.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the characteristic width is greater than L or 1.25L, and preferably less than or equal to 2L.

[0046] In one or more embodiments, the laminated glazing includes, in the fourth main face F4, an illumination portion (by the light source) of width D, preferably the illumination portion corresponding to the width at half height of the luminance or illuminance distribution in the plane of the face F4, the characteristic width is less than or equal to L+D.

[0047] The laminated glazing preferably comprises at least one means for extracting guided light into the guiding layer, particularly into a clear area of ​​the glazing (central zone), in particular in the form of a diffusing coating preferably on the inner surface side of the guiding layer (for example, in contact with face F3 or between face F3 and face F2 and at a distance from these faces). Alternatively or cumulatively, the second sheet may include diffusing elements (by laser engraving) or be textured or bonded to a textured diffusing element.

[0048] For example, the light redirection element may be a reflective prismatic element (film) comprising reflective prisms oriented towards the third principal face F3 or towards the second principal face F2 and even with an opposite so-called smooth (flat) face, preferably a smooth face and / or reflective prisms in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer. The light redirection element may be a reflective prismatic film comprising a carrier film (in particular PET) and a layer, in particular a textured organic layer forming the prisms, surmounted by a layer reflective (conformal deposition). The prismatic film can be flexible to adapt to the curvature of the glazing. The refractive index of the prismatic film is, for example, 1.52 to 1.58. The refractive index of the carrier film (e.g., PET) and / or the textured layer (e.g., acrylate) is, for example, 1.52 to 1.58. In particular, the reflective prisms are oriented towards the third principal face F3 and in adhesive contact with a local (transparent) adhesive; in particular, the light redirection element can be a reflective prismatic film comprising a carrier film, possibly tinted (e.g., opaque PET), and a textured layer, in particular, forming the prisms, topped with a reflective layer (conformal deposition).

[0049] In some embodiments, the reflecting prisms have an inclined face (redirecting, therefore receiving and redirecting the light) forming an angle of 30° to 50° with the smooth face of the reflecting prismatic element (with the plane of the reflecting prismatic element). The inclined surfaces of the prisms are, in particular, formed in the micrometer range. The length of the inclined faces (in cross-section) of the prisms is, for example, preferably from 10 µm to 250 µm, in particular preferably from 20 µm to 100 µm, for example approximately 30 µm. And / or the prisms may have a height of at least 1 µm and preferably of at most 100, 50, or 30 µm. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the prismatic element is a flexible polymer (or metallic) film. The film, in particular prismatic polymer or prism substrate (prismatic layer, organic for example) can be less than 200qm thick, 100qm, 80qm or 50qm thick and even at least 30qm thick.If the reflecting prisms are oriented towards the third face F3, the substrate film can be tinted and even opaque or opacified. For example, it is a tinted and even opaque (black) PET carrying the reflecting prisms. Preferably, the reflecting prismatic element has a total thickness of at most 500 sq m, or even 400 sq m, 200 sq m, or 100 sq m, and even at least 30 sq m.

[0050] In one embodiment of the invention, the prismatic element is a rigid (micro)textured plate, in particular made of glass, metal or plastic, for example it is a (micro)textured aluminium plate or a transparent (micro)textured plate with a reflective layer.

[0051] The glazed element may include an optical module carrying the light source; for example, the optical module may be fixed to a peripheral seal, a profiled seal of the glazing (polymer encapsulation, etc.) and / or to face F4 (outside the light injection zone). The optical module may have a face oriented towards face F4 that is substantially horizontal.

[0052] In certain configurations, for the above ranges of values ​​of the characteristic width of the light redirection element, an outgoing light can be observed on the F4 face downstream of the light source (downstream of the area injection) or even downstream of the optical module. This outgoing light is therefore visible from the vehicle and can be bothersome.

[0053] Also, in one or more embodiments, the light redirection element extends (laterally) between an outer (longitudinal) edge and an inner (longitudinal) edge, the inner edge being located downstream of the outer edge in the main direction of light propagation, the glazed element further comprising an absorbing element (black, with a molecular coloring agent, etc.), opposite the light redirection element and on the fourth main face F4 side (outside the injection zone) in particular elongated (perpendicular to the direction of propagation), and even which is a linear band.

[0054] The absorbing element extends (laterally) over a portion comprising a main portion delimited by a first edge and a second edge downstream of the first edge in the direction of propagation, the second edge being located opposite the inner edge of the light redirection element. The first edge is offset from the light injection zone (and from the illumination portion, in particular opposite the inner end of the illumination portion), and in particular the first edge being located opposite an inner end of an optical module carrying the light source or facing said optical module.

[0055] The absorbing element may comprise at least one of the following elements in its main part:

[0056] - (preferably) an absorbent layer, in particular a film, in particular a polymer, absorbent and / or an absorbent coating (in particular organic ink, preferably with a molecular absorbent coloring agent) or absorbent adhesive layer (e.g., pressure-sensitive), in optical contact (layer, film or coating, in physical contact or bonded by a transparent adhesive layer) with the fourth principal face F4, in particular all or part (preferably predominantly) offset from an optical module carrying the light source, in particular the first edge being located opposite an internal end of an optical module carrying the light source in the propagation direction

[0057] - (and / or) an absorbent compressive element (foam etc.) or an adhesive layer absorbing (e.g., pressure-sensitive), sandwiched between an optical module carrying the light source and the fourth face F4

[0058] - (and / or) an absorbent element (flexible or rigid sheet, opaque, polymer etc) which is spaced from the fourth main face F4, in particular part or integral with the optical module carrying the light source, in particular part of the opaque housing of the module.

[0059] In particular, the portion over which the absorbing element extends further comprises an external portion, the main portion being downstream of the external portion in the direction of propagation, the outer portion preferably having a width Wk of at most 2 mm.

[0060] In particular, the portion over which the absorbing element extends includes an internal portion, facing a module carrying the light source, adjacent and upstream of the main portion or forming part of the main portion, the internal portion preferably having a width Wlb of at most 5 mm in particular when the absorbing element is an absorbing layer in optical contact with the fourth face F4.

[0061] In one or more embodiments, the absorbing element, in particular its main part, comprises (in whole or in part) an absorbing layer (film, coating), possibly adhesive (and linked to a support film), in contact with the fourth main face F4 or absorbing layer (film, coating) linked to the fourth main face F4 by an adhesive layer (in particular transparent).

[0062] For example, the adhesive layer may be a transparent, full-surface bonding layer. In this case, the refractive index nH of the absorbent layer and / or the adhesive layer is preferably less than or equal to nGM, for example, a layer of crosslinked adhesive material, particularly acrylate-based. The adhesive layer is then preferably an OCA (optical clear adhesive) layer, and even, for example, a PSA (pressure sensitive adhesive). For example, nGM corresponds to n3 and, in particular, is the index of a PVB-based layer. The absorbent layer may comprise (or even be) an opaque polymer film (PET, etc.).

[0063] Alternatively, the absorbent layer comprises (or is) an absorbent adhesive layer (e.g., OCA, in particular acrylate, with a molecular coloring agent, in particular PSA) self-adhesive film or on a support, for example, transparent, polymer, or paper. The absorbent adhesive layer may be at least 500 nm thick, or even at least 800 nm, or even at least 1 µm thick.

[0064] In one or more embodiments, the glazed element further comprises, on the fourth principal face F4, an external coating that reflects infrared radiation (transparent in the visible spectrum, in particular forming a low-emissivity layer). The absorbing element comprises an absorbing layer in contact with the external coating or bonded to the external coating by an adhesive layer (transparent, for example, OCA). The absorbing element may be an opaque adhesive tape, for example, black (such as black Scotch tape), or a flexible substrate (fabric, foam paper, poly(vinyl chloride) PVC, polyethylene PET, etc.) coated with an adhesive layer, for example, OCA or PSA. In this case, with the external coating, the refractive index nH of the absorbing layer and / or the adhesive layer may be arbitrary.

[0065] The glazed element may be available with or without the light source. In one or more embodiments, the glazed element comprises the (elongated) light source, in particular an array of light-emitting diodes (diode strip), preferably having a divergence of at most 8°, positioned on the fourth principal face F4, for example facing the light redirection element or more broadly optically coupled to the light redirection element. The light source (each diode) has a principal emission direction relative to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 of at most 30°, for example emitting a cone of light with angles within [22° ± 4°], or even within [22° ± 2°].

[0066] In an embodiment with the light source, the angle of the principal emission direction of the light source (diodes) with the normal to the plane of the glazing (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably at most 30° and even 25°, preferably with a divergence of at most 8°. In particular, the principal emission direction with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with an angle in the range of 22° ± 4°, or even in the range of 22° ± 2°. Preferably, a collimator can be inserted between the light source and face F4. The light source can be oblique to the plane of the glazing, to face F4. The prisms can have an inclined (redirecting) face with an angle of 35° to 50°, in particular 40° to 50°, with the smooth face.

[0067] In another embodiment with the light source, the angle of the principal direction of emission of the light source with the normal to the plane (i.e., the angle of incidence) is preferably 0° ± 5°, preferably with a divergence of at most 8°. In particular, the principal direction of emission with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 emits a cone of light with angles in the range [0° ± 4°], or even in [0° ± 2°]. Preferably, a collimator can be interposed between the light source and face F4. The light source can be (approximately) parallel to the plane of the glazing. The prisms can have an inclined (redirecting) face with an angle of 30° to 40°, in particular 35° to 40°, with the smooth face.

[0068] Preferably, a collimator is located between the light source and face F4. In the simplest case, the collimator is a type of converging lens, with the light source preferably positioned at its focal point. The collimator can be made of glass or transparent plastic, particularly polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The collimator is preferably attached to an optical module that carries the light source. If the light source is designed as a (linear) arrangement of LEDs, a separate collimator can be provided for each LED. However, it is preferable to use a common collimator for all the LEDs. For example, In the case of a linear LED array, a collimator in the form of a strip can be used, the length of which is at least equal to the length of the LED array. The exit face of the collimator can be substantially horizontal.

[0069] In one or more embodiments, the polymer laminate interlayer comprises a lower interlayer in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the main face F3, preferably based on clear or tinted PVB, preferably with a refractive index n3 strictly less than 1.52, in particular ranging from 1.48 to 1.49. The light guide comprises an inner sheath layer between the second main face F2 and the third main face F3, the guide layer being in contact with the inner sheath layer. The inner sheath layer comprises (in particular only) the lower interlayer layer, and the guide layer comprises the second sheet. Optionally, the guide layer comprises only the second sheet or the second sheet and a transparent and reflective (low-emissivity) layer.

[0070] In one or more embodiments, the polymer laminate interlayer comprises a lower interlayer in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the main face F3, preferably PVB-based (clear), an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 or with a functional transparent coating (solar control, etc.) on the second main face F2, the guiding layer comprises the second sheet and the lower interlayer (or even a low-emissivity coating), the laminated glazing further comprises:

[0071] - an optical insulating layer, transparent, for example of thickness Ei submillimeter and at least 400 nm, extending opposite the second principal face F2, having a refractive index n; ;

[0072] the second sheet has a refractive index nb the lower intercalated layer has a refractive index n3 strictly less than 1.52 in particular ranging from 1.48 to 1.49, with n; < n3 < ni and for example such that (ni - n;) > 0.4;

[0073] The laminated glazing comprises a coated substrate, between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, comprising:

[0074] - a transparent film, made of a material, preferably polymeric, distinct from a fluoropolymer, with a main front face Fa oriented towards face F2 (possibly in adhesive contact with the upper interlayer) and a main rear face Fb opposite (in adhesive contact with the lower interlayer), of submillimeter thickness Ef;

[0075] - the optical insulating layer which is an optical insulating coating, made of comprising a matrix, on one of the main front faces Fa or rear faces Fb (preferably), called the coated face, and an edge.

[0076] In one or more embodiments with the coated substrate, the lamination interlayer comprises an additional interlayer between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, and the coated substrate being sandwiched between the lower interlayer and the additional interlayer.

[0077] In one or more embodiments, the polymer laminate interlayer comprises a lower interlayer, in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the third main face F3 and an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 or with a functional transparent coating on the second main face F2, the laminated glazing further comprises, between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, an electro-controllable device, in particular with diffusion and / or variable tint, in particular PDLC, DDPDLC, GH, or electrochromic, comprising an electroactive layer between a front electroconductive support on the second main face F2 and a rear electroconductive support on the third main face F3, or a photovoltaic device,preferably in optical contact with the upper and lower intercalated layers.

[0078] According to one characteristic, an electro-controllable device is a liquid crystal cell preferably incorporating dichroic dyes or is an electrochromic layer, in particular the liquid crystal cell is a so-called "GH" (for "Guest-Host" in English) host-guest cell or a polymer-based cell such as a PDLC (for "Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal" in English), or a PNLC (for "Polymer Network Liquid Crystal" in English) or a PSLC (for "Polymer stabilized liquid crystal") or a DDPDLC (for "Dye-Doped Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal" in English) cell.

[0079] A DDPDLC cell exhibits a discontinuous phase of microscopic liquid crystal (LC) droplets within the continuous polymer matrix phase. The shapes, dimensions, and distribution of the microscopic droplets depend on numerous physicochemical parameters (and the phase separation process used). When switched off, the DDPDLC scatters light in OFF mode due to the presence of microdroplets with a refractive index different from that of the polymer matrix. The DDPDLC also absorbs light due to the presence of dichroic dyes in the LC phase. The combination of these two properties results in a dark and hazy (opaque) appearance. When switched on, the dyes and LC are oriented perpendicular to the film plane, and therefore the light is not (or Slightly diffused, the refractive index matches that of the polymer matrix, the absorption cross-section is low, resulting in a transparent and clear appearance. Examples of DDPDLC cells are described in patent application CN117567875.

[0080] A liquid crystal cell called a guest host cell (or GH), with variable color (light to dark state and vice versa), comprises an electroactive layer comprising a liquid volume of liquid crystals mixed with dichroic dyes (dissolved), electroactive layer between a support, in particular dielectric and transparent, upper (electrode) comprising an upper electrode in particular transparent, surmounted by an upper alignment layer and a lower (electrode) support in particular dielectric and transparent comprising a lower electrode in particular transparent surmounted by a lower alignment layer, the electroactive layer being between the lower and upper alignment layers, the lower support being closer to the F3 face than the upper support, in particular the guest host cell being surrounded by an interlayer laminated frame layer (based on PVB).A host / guest cell is advantageous because it offers a very fast switching time, strong contrast between light and dark states, low blur, and a neutral tint.

[0081] In one or more embodiments, the glazed element comprises at least one of the following functional elements:

[0082] - an opaque, peripheral internal masking layer between the second face main face F2 and the third main face F3 (outside the light guide), and even covering a perimeter of the optical insulating coating and even of the coated substrate and / or the electro-controllable device, in particular in contact with the second main face F2, defining a clear window;

[0083] - possibly an inner, peripheral, opaque masking layer on the fourth principal face F4, in particular congruent with or less than the width of the internal masking layer; and upstream of the injection zone

[0084] - an internal peripheral opaque element between the second main face F2 and the light redirection element, forming internal masking of the light source and / or the light redirection element;

[0085] - an external (transparent) coating, reflecting infrared radiation, such as a stacking with a transparent conductive oxide layer, on the fourth face F4 of the second sheet;

[0086] - an internal (transparent) coating, reflecting infrared radiation such as a stacking of one or more silver layers, on the second main face F2 on the first sheet, clear, or on an additional film in particular polymer or on a main face of an upper electrode support, of an electro-controllable device, main face oriented towards the second main face F2;

[0087] - an optical barrier layer with a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the first sheet, topped with an infrared-reflecting external coating, such as a transparent conductive oxide layer stack, on the fourth face F4 of the second sheet.

[0088] Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, comprising a glazed element as defined above.

[0089] The invention and its various applications will be better understood by reading the following description and examining the accompanying figures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0090] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description, which can be read in conjunction with the figures. These figures are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0091] Figures la, le, Id represent a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0092] Fig. 1b represents a detail of the light redirection element of a glazed element according to Fig. 1a.

[0093] Fig. 1e represents a glazed element according to the embodiment of Fig. 1a, the glazed element being a vehicle roof.

[0094] Figures If and Ig illustrate curves representing the quantities of fleeing and guided light as a function of the width of the light redirection element.

[0095] Fig. Ih represents the ratio of guided light to spilling light as a function of the width W of the light redirection element.

[0096] Fig. 2a represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0097] [Fig.2b] represents a glazed element according to the embodiment of [Fig.2a].

[0098] Figures 3 to 6 show a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to other embodiments of the invention.

[0099] Fig. 7a represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0100] Fig. 7f represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0101] Figures 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e represent different examples of electrically controllable devices for the glazed element of [Fig.7a] or [Fig.7f].

[0102] Figures 8 to 17 represent a schematic cross-sectional view of a glazed element according to other embodiments of the invention involving an anti-outgoing light absorbing element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0103] Figure 1a shows a schematic cross-sectional view, here lateral, of a glazed element 100 that can be illuminated by injecting and redirecting light, in one embodiment of the invention. The illuminationable glazed element could be, for example, a laminated glass car roof, but the invention is not limited to this example. It should be noted that the elements shown in Figure 1a, as in all figures, are not drawn to scale, to facilitate the visibility of these elements and the understanding of the invention.

[0104] The glazed element 100 of [Fig. 1a] comprises a curved laminated glazing which includes:

[0105] - a first sheet of glass 1, for example rectangular (of dimensions 1600x1100 mm for example), with a tinted composition (VENUS VG10 or TSA 4+ glass marketed by Saint-Gobain Glass with a light transmission or TL of approximately 28%), for example, with a thickness of 2.1 mm, with a first main face 11 corresponding to face Fl, a second main face 12 called face F2, and an edge (longitudinal slices 10 and 10'), the face F2 of which is possibly coated with a transparent functional coating (for example, a heating element), or even face Fl; or alternatively, clear glass with an infrared-reflective coating (silver stacking) forming solar control

[0106] - a second transparent sheet 2, preferably mineral glass, here likewise shape and dimensions that the first sheet 1, forming internal glazing, passenger compartment side, having a third main face 13 or face F3 and a fourth main face 14 or face F4, and an edge (longitudinal slices 20 and 20'), for example a sheet of soda-lime silicate glass, extra clear such as Diamant glass marketed by the Saint-Gobain Glass company with a TL of at least 91%, of a thickness equal for example to 2.9 mm, glass with a refractive index of 1.52 at 600 nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95 mm, or Sunmax glass of 2.05 mm; and

[0107] - between face F2 and face F3, a transparent lamination interlayer 3, with a 30 slice here longitudinal aligned or possibly offset from the longitudinal slices 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore set back).

[0108] The lamination interlayer 3 comprises at least one interlayer 32, called the lower interlayer 32, of PVB (with plasticizers, at least 10% by weight and at most 30%, or even 20%), clear (as transparent as possible and with as few optical defects as possible), 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm thick (in one or two sheets) in adhesive contact with face F3, with a refractive index n3 of approximately 1.48 at 600 nm, for example PVB with a TL of 99.9%. Alternatively, the lower interlayer 32 is based on PVB with no or few plasticizers (in particular less than 5% by weight), in particular Kuraray SkyViera film or Optical grade Thin Film, for example with a thickness of at most 100 µm or 25 µm. Alternatively, the lower interlayer 32 is based on a cross-linked polymer adhesive material, in particular a polyacrylate adhesive film or adhesive silicone film, in particular of at least 30 pm, or it is an adhesive coating (polyacrylate, etc.) obtained by deposition on the third face F3.

[0109] The glazed element 100 further comprises an internal masking layer 5 (optional) forming a masking frame delimiting a glazed area 50 (daylight), for example rectangular with straight edges (see [Fig. 1e]). For example, the internal masking layer 5 is:

[0110] - a black enamel on face F2; or

[0111] - a black ink, on one of the faces of the upper intercalated layer of preferably face oriented towards face F2, ink preferably based on PVB with black pigments if upper interlayer layer 31 PVB.

[0112] In some embodiments, the glazed element 100 may include another masking layer (not shown in [Fig. 1a]), referred to as the inner, peripheral, opaque masking layer, on the fourth main face F4. In particular, the inner masking layer may be congruent with or narrower than the width of the inner masking layer 5 and absent in the injection zone and even opposite the light redirection element.

[0113] For the light function, the glazed element 100 further comprises, preferably masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 5, an optical module 40 comprising a light source 4, for example light-emitting diodes (here front-emitting) mounted on a support for example a printed circuit board (PCB), arranged opposite (or offset) the fourth main face F4 14.

[0114] The module 40 may also carry a collimator (in particular common to the diodes) and comprising a preferably opaque housing 41 (black etc.) can, for example, be fixed to the glazing by means of a mechanical fastener. The module can be in optical contact with the glazing by means of a foam (see element 23 of [Fig. 13]). The collimator can also be fixed (to face F4.

[0115] In particular, the light source 4 may be laterally emitting. Alternatively, the light source 4 may be one or more primary sources (diodes, etc.) directly coupled to a waveguide. White or colored diodes may be chosen for ambient lighting, reading lighting, etc. Several rows of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, around the entire periphery) may be provided, driven independently and even in different colors.

[0116] According to embodiments, the optical module 40 may be part of the glazed element, or may be a separate element from the glazed element.

[0117] In addition, the laminated glass element 100 includes, on the third main face side F3 13, a local, peripheral light redirection element 8, which is a prismatic reflective film 8 for example of rectangular shape in the plane of the glazing.

[0118] The prismatic film of [Fig. 1b] extends between an external longitudinal edge 80 and an internal longitudinal edge 80', the external edge 80 being located upstream of the internal edge 80' in the direction of propagation of the light rays (denoted P), with:

[0119] - a flat part 81 (substrate for example PET preferably of no more than 100 µm) glued or fixed by suction to the third face F3 13; and

[0120] - a textured layer (by embossing, etc.), partially or even fully textured, forming prisms 82 which become reflectors by a reflective layer 83, for example metallic (by conformal deposition on the prismatic textured surface).

[0121] Here the prismatic reflective film 8 is glued by an adhesive 60 onto the third main face F3. It can also be held by suction.

[0122] The (micro)prisms are schematically in cross-section in the form of inclined faces forming right triangles, but the angle of the inclined faces can be adjusted to better redirect towards the extraction means.

[0123] For example, the reflective prismatic film 8 comprises a transparent thermoplastic film, for example based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (reinforced resin for example by UV), and a metallic layer (conformal deposit, for example aluminium) enables the formation of the reflective prisms.

[0124] The reflective prismatic film 8 is in adhesive contact, here with the lower interlayer 32.

[0125] Alternatively, the prismatic reflective film 8 is a monolithic polymer film, for example preformed, on which the reflective layer 83 or a textured metallic film is applied.

[0126] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the laminated glass element 100 may include one or more light extraction means 6 for directing light to a desired location. In the example of [Fig. 1a], the light extraction means 6 are positioned on the third face F3 13. Other positions are possible for the light extraction means 6 (see Figures 5, 6 or 7a, for example), and these positions may optionally be combined.

[0127] The light from the light source 4 is refracted in the second glass 2, in the prismatic reflector film 8, and then redirected at a given angle towards the light extraction means 6. The light rays propagate by total internal reflection at face F4 14, and:

[0128] - for some, by total internal reflection at the interface of the intercalated layer lower laminate 32 and second sheet 2 up to the light extraction means 6 (via the face side surface F3 13);

[0129] - and even for others at the interface of the lower laminated interlayer 32 and an optical insulation layer 7, and reach the light extraction means 6 via the face-side surface F2 12) (case of figures 5, 6, 7a).

[0130] Thus, the glazed element includes a light guide inside which the light rays from the light source 4 are guided. This waveguide extends in relation to face F2 and is delimited by an external surface and an internal surface opposite each other, the external surface being located on the side of face F4 14.

[0131] The light guide comprises, between the inner and outer surfaces, a guiding layer (or "guiding core layer" or "core layer") within which at least a portion of the light rays propagate along a principal propagation direction P by total internal reflection. The guiding layer comprises at least the second sheet 2.

[0132] The light guide further includes, in contact with the guiding layer, an internal sheath layer located between the face F2 12 and the face F3 13. The internal sheath layer corresponds for example to the lower intercalated layer 32 or an optical isolation layer (layer 7, [Fig.5] or 7a for example).

[0133] Optionally, the guidance layer may include an IR-reflecting coating positioned on the F4 14 face, like layer 17 shown in the example in [Fig.2a].

[0134] The means for extracting light 6 may be diffusing elements, for example patterns made using diffusing ink, as transparent as possible if desired, and in the clear glass.

[0135] The means of light extraction 6 are, for example, extended or point geometric patterns, in particular with a width of no more than 10 mm to avoid any shadowing phenomenon.

[0136] For example, the distance between the light extraction means 6 and the light source 4 (or the prismatic reflector film 8) is at least 10 mm or 40 mm.

[0137] For example, the light extraction means 6 comprise a diffusing coating (a network of disjointed and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with face F3 13 and covering at most 40% of the clear glass area to promote adhesion with the second sheet 2. The diffusing coating is deposited on face F3 13 (for example, a semi-transparent enamel) or on the main face of the lower PVB layer 32 oriented towards face F3 (when the lamination interlayer 3 includes a lower interlayer 32, as in the example in [Fig. 2a]). The diffusing coating is polymeric or mineral and can be deposited by liquid means (by inkjet, screen printing, etc.).

[0138] For example, the diffusing coating is on face F3 13 (or even F4 14 or on a film 7' described later), for example with an acrylate matrix, preferably with a refractive index greater than or equal to nb with TiO2 particles of at least 100 nm in diameter and preferably of no more than 1 pm or 400 nm. It is 10 pm to 100 pm thick, or even 50 pm. The diffusing coating (for example, based on PVB with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm in diameter) is alternately deposited on the face of PVB 32 oriented towards face F3.

[0139] In an alternative described in relation to [Fig. 5], the diffusing coating (for example, based on PVB with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm in diameter) is deposited on the face of the PVB 32 oriented towards the face F2, and is then in contact with the optical insulating coating 7 (or in contact with the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) or is deposited on the optical insulating coating 7. For example, the diffusing coating (network of disjointed and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with the optical insulating coating 7 (or the back face of the film 7' if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) covers at most 50% of the clear glass to promote the adhesion of the optical insulating coating (or the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) with the lower interlayer 32.

[0140] The glazed element 100 may have a plurality of light extraction means 6 corresponding to respective extraction zones, in particular of given geometry (rectangular, square, round, ...). As an alternative to a diffusing coating (enamel, ink, screen-printed or inkjet-printed, etc.), the light extraction means 6 may be a film, locally applied or bonded locally to the third face F3 or even the fourth face F4 (prismatic film or film with a diffusing or mass-diffusing layer).

[0141] As shown in the partial view of [Fig. 1], the light source 4 illuminates the face F4 14 over an illumination area of ​​width D. In this example, the light source 4 is collimated or of low divergence, having a principal emission direction forming a mean angle α with respect to a normal to the fourth principal face F4 14. It is noted that it is not always possible to obtain perfectly collimated light, and that there may be a difference between the angle α of the outermost ray and the angle α2 of the innermost ray. The mean angle α may thus correspond to the average of the angles associated with the different rays emanating from the light source 4. For example, the mean angle α may be between 20° and 30°. Such a collimated light source 4 may have a divergence of at most 8°, in particular between 1° and 4°.

[0142] The illumination portion is delimited by an external end Di and an internal end D2, the internal end D2 being located downstream of the external end Di with respect to the direction P of propagation of light in the glazed element 100.

[0143] The light redirection element 8 has a total width W such that W = Wa + Wp, where:

[0144] Wa corresponds to the distance between the outer edge 80 of the light redirection element 8 and the outer end DI of the illuminated portion of face F4 14. This distance Wa may be zero. This distance Wa may also be strictly positive, or even such that the light redirection element 8 extends, on its outer edge 80, to the longitudinal slice 30 of the lamination layer 3. For example, and without limitation, Wa may be between 1 mm and 3 mm, for example equal to 2 mm; and

[0145] Wp corresponds to the distance between the outer end Di of the illumination portion of face F4 14 and the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element 8.

[0146] According to one or more embodiments of the invention, the light redirection element 8 has a width W ranging from 0.9L to 3L, where L represents the length of a bounce of a light ray inside the light guide: 0.9L < W < 3L.

[0147] This length L is illustrated in the partial view of element 100 shown in [Fig. 1d]. The second sheet 2 has a visible refractive index ni of at least 1.5, for example, at most 2.2, or even at most 1.65. The guide layer has a minimum visible refractive index denoted ncmin, which corresponds to the minimum of the refractive indices of the guide layer components (second glass 2 and possibly a lower interlayer 32). It is noted that in the absence of additional layers in the guide layer, ncmin is equal to ni. The inner cladding layer has a refractive index ngl strictly less than ncmin. The optional outer cladding layer has a refractive index ng2 strictly less than ncmin. In the absence of an outer cladding layer, ng2 corresponds to the refractive index of air.

[0148] The limiting angle of total internal reflection 0RT, shown in [Fig.la], is defined by the relation: 0RT = arcsin(ngM / ncmin), where ngM is the maximum refractive index among ng[ and ng2: ngM = max(ngl ; ng2 ).

[0149] As shown in [Fig. Id], noting El the thickness of the light guide downstream of the light redirection element 8, the length of a bounce L downstream of the light redirection element 8 inside the light guide corresponds to the distance between a point of incidence h of a light ray from the light source 4 on the surface of the guide layer on the F3 side (downstream of the light redirection element 8) therefore at the interface with the internal guide layer 3, and the next point of incidence I2 of the same light ray when it hits the surface of the guide layer on the F3 side.

[0150] This rebound length L can be approximated by the relation: L = 2xElxtan(0RT).

[0151] It is noted that, according to the embodiment, the guiding layer may comprise the second glass 2 only, or the second glass 2 and the lower interlayer 32 (in the presence of an optical insulating coating 7). Thus, according to the embodiment, the thickness El may correspond to the thickness of the second glass 2, or to the thickness of the second glass 2 and the lower interlayer 32.

[0152] As mentioned above, in one or more embodiments, the width W of the light redirection element 8 is such that: 0.9L < W < 3L.

[0153] In particular, the width W of the light redirection element 8 can be such that 0.9L < W < 2L, or even such that L < W < 2L or such that 1.25L < W < 2L.

[0154] Light leakage and the formation of a light halo on an area of ​​the laminated glass element near the light source 4 have been observed on the currently used glazed laminates.

[0155] The inventors of the present invention attributed this problem to the fact that some of the light was reflected at an angle slightly less than the internal total internal reflection angle, and thus escaped into the interlayer 3 or 32, where an absorbent top layer diffuses and extracts the stray light, thereby causing leakage. For example, the absorbent layer may be a tinted PVB or an electroactive layer in a PDLC polymer matrix, or any other layer having at least one defect.

[0156] The inventors determined that the formation of such a halo could be avoided or greatly reduced by increasing the width of the light redirection element 8. It is noted that increasing the width of the light redirection element is, at first glance, counterintuitive to a person skilled in the art, because it reduces the amount of guided light.

[0157] In particular, the inventors of the present invention have focused on the problem of the optimal width of the light redirection element, which represents the best compromise between reducing or even eliminating the light halo (by limiting the amount of light that leaks out of the light guide) and good guidance of the light rays in the light guide.

[0158] The inventors have thus determined that the ranges of values ​​indicated above for the width of the light redirection element 8 constitute a good compromise between a reduction of the light halo and good light guidance.

[0159] It is noted that the above ranges of values ​​do not depend on the light source 4 used, and are optimal ranges of values ​​for any type of light source 4, thus allowing series production of the glazed laminated elements 100, regardless of the light source with which they are intended to be associated.

[0160] In certain embodiments, the ranges of values ​​can be refined according to the light source 4 intended to illuminate the glazed element 100. Such embodiments can be used in particular when the properties of the light source 4 intended to illuminate the glazed element 100 and its positioning relative to the glazed element 100 are known.

[0161] Thus, in embodiments of the invention, the light redirection element 8 is such that Wp ranges from 0.9L to 3L: 0.9L < Wp < 3L. In particular, the light redirection element 8 can be such that 0.9L < Wp < 2L, or even such that L < Wp < 2L or such that 1.25L < Wp < 2L.

[0162] In other embodiments, the maximum value for the width W or the width Wp of the light redirection element 8 may be equal to L+D, with D defined above with reference to [Fig. 1].

[0163] In certain embodiments, the width of the light redirection element 8 can therefore be chosen such that 0.9L < W < L+D, in particular such that L < W < L+D, or even such that 1.25L < W < L+D.

[0164] Alternatively, the width of the light redirection element 8 can be chosen such that 0.9L < Wp < L+D, in particular such that L < Wp < L+D, or even such that 1.25L < Wp < L+D.

[0165] Fig. 1a represents a schematic view of a glazed element according to Fig. 1a, in which the glazed element is a vehicle roof. The vehicle can be, for example, a car.

[0166] The glazed roof 100 of [Fig. 1] includes an internal masking layer 5 forming a masking frame delimiting a glazed area 50 (daylight), here rectangular with straight edges. Any local modification of the edges 50 is possible (gradient of points, wider area, etc.), and other shapes for the glazed area 50 are possible. The glazed roof 100 has a length L1 in the longitudinal direction X and a width L2 along the transverse direction Y (orthogonal to the longitudinal direction X). The transverse direction Y corresponds to the principal direction P of light propagation in the light guide. The glazed roof 100 also includes a module carrying a light source 4 forming a longitudinal band along a longitudinal edge 10, 20 of the glazed roof 100 (parallel to the edges or at an angle, in particular with inclined edges, trapezoidal glazing, etc.).The prismatic film 8 also forms a longitudinal band (bar), notably rectangular, of width W. The glazed roof 100 further includes three light extraction means 6 in the form of longitudinal bands arranged side by side. Of course, the extraction means 6 can have another shape (square, pattern, etc.) and be more or less numerous.

[0167] In this example, the glazed element 100 is a rectangular, curved (along one or more directions) laminated car roof 100. In particular, for a fixed roof (canopy), the width L2 is from 85 cm to 1.4 m and the length L1 is from 75 cm to 1.65 m. The dimensions of the internal masking layer can be such that:

[0168] - the masking width at the front (side edge towards the driver's seat) is by example of 10 to 40 cm;

[0169] - the masking width at the rear (rear side edge towards the passenger seats) rear) is, for example, 5 to 25 cm; and

[0170] - the masking width on the long sides (longitudinal edges) is, for example, 5 to 20 cm, identical or different width for the two long sides.

[0171] Figures If and Ig illustrate curves representing the quantities of leakage light (for [Fig. If]) and guided light (for [Fig. Ig]) as a function of the width W of the light redirection element (with W = Wa + Wp, and Wa fixed at 2 mm), in a glazed element 200 such as that of [Fig. I2a]. The x-axis corresponds to the width W of the light redirection element 8. The y-axis corresponds to the percentage of leakage light (for [Fig. If]) and the percentage of guided light (for [Fig. Ig]). In these two figures, the CR area corresponds to the range of values ​​of a prismatic element optimizing guidance, for the width W of the light redirection element 8. The NR area corresponds to the range of values ​​between L and D+L for the width W of the light redirection element 8 according to the invention.

[0172] It can be observed that, in the NR zone according to the invention, there is little loss of guided light compared to the gain in terms of leakage light. For example, by increasing the width of the light redirection element 8 from 18 mm (value in the CR range) to 31 mm (value in the NR range of the invention), the guided light is lost by only 25%, while the amount of leakage light is divided by approximately 4.

[0173] Fig. Ih represents the ratio of guided light to spilling light as a function of the width W of the light redirection element 8, obtained for the values ​​in Figures I1 and I1g. The CR and NR zones are defined in the same way as in Figures I1 and I1g.

[0174] It can be seen in [Fig. lg] that the ratio of guided light to leakage light increases rapidly as the width W of the light redirection element 8 increases. Beyond the upper limit of the NR value range, the leakage light decreases much more slowly and the ratio of guided light to leakage light flattens out.

[0175] Fig. 2a represents a glazed element 200 according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0176] This embodiment differs from that of [Fig. 1a] in that the glazed element 200 comprises a layer 17 of an IR-reflective coating on face F4 14, forming a low-emissivity layer. This layer 17 may be a thin layer of metal or metal oxide applied to face F4 14. In this configuration, the layer 17 belongs to the light guide layer. Furthermore, a second 40' module carrying a second light source 4' and a second light redirection element 8' are placed on the side of the second longitudinal edge 10', 20'.

[0177] Figure [Fig. 2b] represents a schematic view of a glazed element according to Figure [Fig. 2a], in in which the glazed element is a vehicle roof. The vehicle could be, for example, a car. Compared to the vehicle roof of [Fig. 1e], the glazed roof 200 of [Fig. 2b] includes a second optical module carrying a second light source 4' forming a second longitudinal band at the edge 10', 20'. The glazed roof 200 of [Fig. 2b] further includes a second prismatic film 8' also forming a longitudinal band of width W at the edge 10', 20'.

[0178] It is noted that, in all embodiments, the light redirection element 8 can be a single element, or a plurality of elements joined end-to-end (i.e., placed end to end without discontinuity), as shown in [Fig. 3]. The glazed element 300 of [Fig. 3] differs from the glazed element 100 of [Fig. 1a] in that the light redirection element 8 comprises two light redirection elements 8a and 8b placed side by side. Each light redirection element can be as shown in [Fig. 1b]. In this configuration, it is understood that the width W is defined for the assembly formed by the prismatic elements 8a, 8b placed end-to-end. The same applies to the distance Wp.

[0179] Furthermore, compared to the glazed element 100 of [Fig. 1a], the glazed element 300 of [Fig. 3] comprises a protective layer 17', with a low refractive index, facing F4 14, which can serve, in particular, to protect against the effects of scratches or fingerprints. In this configuration, the layer 17' does not belong to the light guide layer; it is an external guide layer, and the light rays are reflected at the interface between the second sheet 2 and the layer 17'. Examples of such a layer include those described in application WO2024 / 089162.

[0180] In certain embodiments, a low-refractive-index layer 17' may be covered with a transparent IR-reflective coating 17 (the low-index layer 17' being between layer 17 and the second sheet 2). The layer 17' optically isolates layer 17 from the external surface of the waveguide. Examples of such a layer include those described in application WO2024 / 089161.

[0181] Figure 4 shows a partial view of a glazed element 400 according to another mode of realization of the invention.

[0182] The vitreous element 400 of [Fig.4] differs from the vitreous element 200 of [Fig.2a] in that the light redirection element 8 is a reversed reflective prismatic film glued to the face F3 13 with a transparent optical adhesive 84 with a predetermined refractive index.

[0183] Fig. 5 represents a partial view of a glazed element 500 according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0184] Compared to the glazed element 100 of [Fig.1a], the lamination interlayer 3 of the glazed element 500 of [Fig.5] comprises, in addition to the lower interlayer layer 32, an upper interlayer layer 31, in particular thermoplastic, here based on PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight), of 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm (in one or two sheets) in adhesive contact on the face F2 12, clear or in a tinted variant, for example tinted grey of TL equal to 27%.

[0185] The upper interlayer 31 is positioned on the second face side F2 12 and the lower interlayer 32 is positioned on the third face side F3 13.

[0186] In the glazed element 500 of [Fig. 5], the light redirection element 8 is an inverted prismatic film positioned at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the upper interlayer 31. The light redirection element 8 is here an inverted reflective prismatic film bonded via the lower interlayer 32 or, alternatively, as in the previous [Fig. 4], via a local adhesive to face F3. Similar to the glazed element 200 of [Fig. 2a], the glazed element 500 of [Fig. 5] comprises a layer 17 reflecting IR on face F4 14, forming a low-emissivity layer.

[0187] The glass element 500 further comprises a substrate coated with a low-index layer 7, positioned at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the upper interlayer 31, attached to the light redirection element 8, downstream of the light redirection element 8. The optical isolation layer, in particular, increases the amount of light in the waveguide. Typically, the optical isolation layer 7 has a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the interlayer 32. The coated substrate therefore comprises an optical isolation coating 7 on one of the front faces Fa 71' (oriented towards face F2), or alternatively on the rear face Fb 72' (oriented towards faces F3) as shown here, referred to as the coated (or deposition) face of a transparent film 7', preferably polymeric and preferably distinct from a fluoropolymer.The coated substrate is sandwiched between the upper interlayer 31 and the lower interlayer 32, extends throughout the clear glass and beyond, its edge 70, 70' being under the masking layer 5.

[0188] The optical insulating coating 7 is made of a material, preferably a polymer, comprising a matrix of submillimeter thickness Ei, at least 400 nm and preferably 500 nm or 800 nm, and an edge 70 optionally recessed from the edge of the film 70' without compromising the optical insulating function. The optical insulating coating may be directly applied or applied over a functional sub-layer (barrier, etc.), transparent to the film 7'.

[0189] The 7' film is transparent but can be tinted.

[0190] The optical insulating coating 7 is transparent and even as transparent as possible and can be tinted.

[0191] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with said n2 index, preferably of at most 1.42 and even at least 1.35, the matrix preferably being among polyacrylate-based polymers with a fluorinated function, in particular urethane acrylate, fluorourethane acrylate, or fluorosilicone acrylate. The thickness is preferably at most 10 µm, 5 µm, or 2 µm and at least 800 nm.

[0192] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating comprises a matrix with a refractive index n2m greater than n2 and less than nh, and preferably with n2m of at most 1.48 (and n2 preferably of at most 1.42 and even of at least 1.35), and comprising (nano)poroses and / or low-index and / or porous, hollow (nano)particles with a refractive index less than nb, in particular hollow ones, with a size of at most 300 nm or even 100 nm, for example hollow silica nanoparticles. The thickness is preferably at most 10 pm or 5 pm and at least 800 nm.

[0193] The matrix is ​​crosslinked or thermoplastic, in particular chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, PVB or minerals, especially silica. A polymer matrix based on polyacrylate, polyurethane or even polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, or polyester is preferred.

[0194] Alternatively, the film 7' is an ultra-thin glass and / or the coating 7 is porous silica.

[0195] To avoid creases and undulations, preferably the coated substrate can be in an area of ​​the roof having a curvature, a limited sphericity, in particular with a radius of curvature of at least 1.5 m. For example, slice 70 can be sufficiently far from the slice of sheets 1, 2. The masking width on the sides and / or front and rear can be adjusted (increased) for this purpose.

[0196] For example, the transparent 7' film is a clear PET of less than 200 pm, in particular 100 pm or 75 pm, with a TL of about 90% or more.

[0197] In the embodiment of [Fig. 5], the guidance layer comprises the IR-reflecting coating 17, the second sheet 2, and the lower interlayer 32. Thus, the thickness El of the guidance layer corresponds to the total thickness of these three elements, as shown in [Fig. 5]. The length of a bounce L downstream of the light redirection element 8 inside the light guide corresponds to the distance between a point of incidence h of a light ray from the light source 4 on the surface of the guidance layer at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the coating 7 (downstream of the light redirection element 8), and the next point of incidence I2 of the same light ray as it bounces back the surface of the guide layer at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the coating 7.

[0198] In the glazed element 500 of [Fig.5], the light extraction means 6 are, for example, absorbing patterns printed on the coating 7. Alternatively, these patterns can be printed on either of the main faces of the lower interlayer 32, or on the face F3 13.

[0199] Fig. 6 represents a glazed element 600 according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0200] Similar to the glazed element 500 of [Fig.5], the lamination interlayer 3 of the glazed element 600 of [Fig.6] comprises a lower interlayer 32 and an upper interlayer 31. Unlike [Fig.5], the light redirection element 8 of the glazed element 600 is positioned at the interface between the second glass 2 and the lower interlayer 32.

[0201] The glazed element 600 of [Fig. 6] also includes a coated substrate 7, 7', arranged sandwiched between the upper interlayer 31 and the lower interlayer 32. The coated substrate is recessed from the edges 10, 10', 20, 20' of the sheets 1, 2, in particular by at least 10 mm. The transparent film and even the coated substrate are here less than 200 µm thick, or even at most 100 µm, and are protected at their periphery by one or both of the lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 (in particular, by thinning during lamination). If the upper interlayer is clear, the interface between the two lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 may be indistinguishable.

[0202] In the embodiment of [Fig. 6], the reflecting prisms of the prismatic element 8 are arranged on face F2, at the interface between the lower interlayer 32 and the second sheet 2. In addition, the element 600 is devoid of the IR-reflecting coating layer 17 on face F4 14. The light extraction means 6 are positioned here on face F4 14, towards the outside of the glazed element 600.

[0203] The prismatic reflective film 8 is, in the example of [Fig.6], under the coated substrate 7, 7'. As a precaution, to avoid stray light passing through the film and even the masking layer 5, it is possible to optionally add an internal opaque element 5' opposite the prismatic film 8 (of the same width and not exceeding the internal edge 80' of the film 8), here an opaque (black) ink on the front face 71' of the film 7' or a black PET film glued or placed on top.

[0204] Fig. 7a represents a glazed element 700 according to another embodiment.

[0205] The glazed element 700 differs from the glazed element 600 of [Fig. 6] in that it comprises, between the upper interlayer 31 and the additional interlayer 33, an electrically controllable device 9, here with variable diffusion and even with variable tint, the additional interlayer 33 being, for example, preferably tinted, grey, including tinted or clear PVB. Device 9 is, for example, a liquid crystal cell: GH, PDLC, PDLC with dichroic dye.

[0206] The thickness of the device 9 being, for example, 0.4 mm, an intermediate frame layer 34, 0.38 mm thick, based on PVB, is added, which may be clear, tinted, or even opaque. The edges of the device 9 are under the internal masking layer 5.

[0207] For example, the blur in the diffusing state of the roof with device 9 is at least 80%.

[0208] The coated substrate 7', 7 is then in adhesive contact with the interlayer additional 33 and the lower intercalated layer 32.

[0209] Outside the injection zone, the edge of the device 9 is at least 10 mm or 15 mm from the edge of the glazing. The internal masking frame layer 5 (opaque PVB, for example) is of a width adapted accordingly and can extend to be flush with the edge of the glazing.

[0210] The outer glass 1 is clear, in particular a 2.1 mm Planiclear glass with an IR-reflecting coating 18 (silver stacking) on ​​face F2 12, the whole having a TL 71.8% (91% without the coating 18).

[0211] Preferably a reflective coating IR 17 is facing F4.

[0212] As shown in Figures 7b to 7e, the device 9 may include:

[0213] - an upper support 91 (polymer in particular PET or glass) with a coating upper electroconductor 92 (for example ITO) second side face F2;

[0214] - a lower support 91' (polymer, in particular PET or glass) with a coating lower electroconductor 92' (e.g., ITO) third side face F3; and

[0215] - an electroactive layer 93, which is preferably liquid crystal based by example in a polymer matrix (PDLC in English).

[0216] Preferably, if made of glass, one or both supports 91 and 91' are made of chemically tempered glass. Each of the supports 91 and 91' has a thickness of less than 1000 µm, in particular between 25 µm and 700 µm, preferably less than 300 µm, or even less than 200 µm or 100 µm. The glass thickness of each support is sufficiently thin to provide the device 9 with film-like flexibility when bonding the liquid crystal cell to the glass sheets 1 and 2, especially when the latter are curved. In particular, the glass thickness of each of the supports 91 and 91' is such that each glass support has a minimum radius of curvature that is at least on the order of 600 mm and can even be as low as 200 mm.

[0217] Preferably, the lower support and the lower electrode extend beyond the upper edge in a first protruding zone and the upper support and the upper electrode extend beyond the lower edge in a second protruding zone opposite the first protruding zone (see Figures 7b and 7c).

[0218] In these first and second salient zones, current supply strips 90 are added to the electrodes for the electrical supply.

[0219] The electroconductive coatings 92, 92' at the periphery are not covered by the electroactive layer 93 and are positioned along the current-carrying strips 90 for power supply. In particular, the supports 91, 91' protrude on two opposite sides.

[0220] The device 9 further includes glass spacers 93' in contact with respectively the first and second electroconductive coatings 92 and 92' and the electroactive layer 93.

[0221] The glazed element 700 may further comprise a barrier element 94, at the periphery of the device 9, separating the electroactive layer from the lamination interlayer, here of barrier elements 31, 32 and 33, on the periphery of the electroactive layer. For example, the barrier element may comprise PET polymer strips that are bonded or in contact.

[0222] Figures 7b to 7e represent different cases of barrier element 94.

[0223] In [Fig.7b], the barrier element 94 here is external, comprising here a pair of coupled polymer barrier films, notably without plasticizers, for example PET films:

[0224] - covering all or part of the first protruding area and even extending onto the face upper Fs and / or extending to the rear face Fb;

[0225] - covering all or part of the second protruding area and extending over the rear face and even extending to the upper surface.

[0226] In particular, it consists of two polymer barrier films: a first film which is a polymer frame (PET), notably of Z-section (three portions 941, 942, 943), coupled to a second film 944 which is a frame of rectangular section.

[0227] In [Fig.7c], it is a 94', 94 joint which covers the first and second protruding areas, for example polymer, in particular epoxy resin or silicone.

[0228] In [Fig. 7d], an internal peripheral seal 95, 95' provides the seal for the liquid crystal cell 6, for example a polymer, in particular made of epoxy resin or silicone. The internal seal 95 is, for example, 5 mm.

[0229] On [Fig.7e], the peripheral sealing joint 95, 95' is external to the two supports 91 and 91'.

[0230] Of course, all the location and arrangement configurations for the prismatic reflector film already described in the previous figures can be used again, in particular one or more reversed prismatic reflector films (with or without coated substrate, under the coated substrate or adjacent).

[0231] Alternatively, device 9 can be replaced by an electrochromic device or a tinted functional PET film or one with an electroconductive coating, in particular for solar control).

[0232] It is noted that, in the glazed element 700 of [Fig. 7a], the coated substrate 7', 7, the peripheral internal opaque element 5', and the additional interlayer 33 are optional. Thus, in some embodiments, these elements may not be present, as in the glazed element 700' shown in [Fig. 7f]. The electrically controllable devices 9 shown in Figures 7b to 7e are compatible with the glazed element 700' of [Fig. 7f].

[0233] Device 9 can be a single element (in one block) or a plurality of disjoint elements.

[0234] In some embodiments, the electrically controllable device 9 can be replaced by a photovoltaic device comprising one or more photovoltaic cells.

[0235] As mentioned previously, the ranges of values ​​indicated above for the width of the light redirection element 8 make it possible to significantly limit, or even completely eliminate, the appearance of a light halo. However, using a larger light redirection element 8 can cause double reflections on the light redirection element. To limit this effect, it is possible, in certain embodiments, to add an opacifying element 19 (or "masking element" or "absorbing element") on the F4 face side 14, of a given width opposite the light redirection element 8 (and outside the injection zone).This element 19 extends linearly (for example rectangular in shape) longitudinally (perpendicular to the propagation axis). It is noted that the opacifying element 19 may include over all or part of its width (depending on the propagation direction) an opacifying film (self-supporting) possibly adhesive or an opacifying coating (on the face F4 directly or on a bonding layer).

[0236] In the following it is assumed that the module 40 extends between an external end and an internal end 43, the internal end 43 being located downstream of the external end in a direction P of propagation of light (which is also the transverse direction Y, cf. [Fig. le]).

[0237] As shown in Figures 8 to 17, the opacifying element 19 is positioned opposite the face F4 14 so as to cover at least a portion, on the side of face F4, extending between the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element 8 and at least the inner end 43 of the optical module 40. This portion has a width denoted Wp. Thus, the opacifying element 19 has a width at least equal to Wp.

[0238] The opacifying element 19 has a light transmission (LT) of less than or equal to 30%, and preferably less than or equal to 10%. In preferred embodiments, the optical density of the opacifying element 19 may be greater than 1, or even greater than 2, or even greater than 3.

[0239] The opacifying element 19 may be a coating (ink, enamel, etc.), in particular of a dark color (black or grey for example) or an opaque film (for example black or tinted), for example made of polymer, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or a foam having the desired opacifying properties. In some embodiments, the opacifying element 19 may be an absorbent layer comprising a continuous coating in optical contact with the fourth main face F4 14, and may further comprise a decorative coating in the form of a set of decorative patterns.

[0240] In certain embodiments, the opacifying element 19 may be in contact with the external surface of the guiding layer, such as face F4 (Figures 8 to 10 and 12 to 15). Its refractive index is preferably lower than the maximum of the refractive index ngi of the inner sheath layer and the refractive index ng2 of the optional outer sheath layer. In particular, the refractive index of the opacifying element 19 may be lower than the refractive index ngi of the inner sheath layer. For example, if the inner sheath layer is made of PVB with a refractive index between 1.48 and 1.49, the index of the opacifying element may be less than 1.49, preferably less than 1.485, and preferably less than 1.48.

[0241] In embodiments ([Fig. 11], 12, 13, 16 and 17), the opacifying element 19 can be separated from the face F4 by one or more separating layers (which may optionally be transparent).

[0242] In the embodiments of Figures 8 to 17, the glazed element has a structure similar to the glazed element 200 of [Fig. 2a]. It is understood that the embodiments of Figures 8 to 17 are compatible with the embodiments of Figures 2a, 3 to 6, 7a and 7f.

[0243] In embodiments of Figures 8 and 9, the glazed elements 800, 900 comprise an opacifying element 19 of width Wp. Thus, the opacifying element 19 covers only the portion extending from the inner end 43 of the optical module 40 to the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element. Furthermore, in embodiments of Figures 8 and 9, the opacifying element is positioned on the IR-reflecting coating 17. For example, the opacifying element 19 may be a coating (ink, etc.), particularly one of a dark color (black or gray, for example), or a self-adhesive film applied face F4 14 to the IR-reflecting coating 17.

[0244] In Figures 8 and 9, the outer edge 80' of the light redirection element 8 and the outer end 43 of the optical module 40 are positioned opposite each other. Optionally, the outer end of the light element 43 is offset towards the interior of the glazing (i.e., in the direction of light propagation) relative to the outer edge 80' of the light redirection element 8. For example, this offset may be on the order of a few millimeters, for example, between 1 mm and 10 mm, or between 1 mm and 5 mm, or even between 1 mm and 3 mm. In particular, the outer edge 80' of the light redirection element can be aligned with the outer end Di of the illuminated portion (see [Fig. 1e]). The glazed element 900 differs from the glazed element 800 in that the reflecting prisms are oriented towards face F2.

[0245] On the glazed element 1000 of [Fig. 10], the IR reflective coating 17 is absent (removed etc.) over a portion extending from the inner end 43 of the optical module 40 to the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element 8, and the opacifying element 19, for example in layer (mono or multilayer), a self-adhesive film or a coating, is positioned on the second glass 2, at the place where the IR reflective coating 17 is absent (or even dissolved by the opacifying element 19).

[0246] On the glazed element 1100 of [Fig. 11], the opacifying element 19 is fixed to the IR-reflecting coating layer 17 by an adhesive element 22. The opacifying element can be, for example, an opaque film (e.g. black), for example made of polymer, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a molecular coloring agent, or an adhesive tape, such as Scotch tape, opaque (e.g. black).

[0247] On the glazed element 1200 of [Fig. 12], the opacifying element 19 comprises three parts 191, 192, and 193 of respective widths Wia, W1, and Wib (with one of the two widths Wk or Wib possibly being zero). In these embodiments, the opacifying element 19 extends beyond the area of ​​size Wi extending between the inner end 43 of the optical module 40 and the inner edge 80' of the light redirection element 8. Preferably, the width W[a is chosen so that the free end of the portion 191 of the opacifying element 9 is located downstream with respect to the inner end D2 of the illumination portion (see [Fig. 11]), so as not to reduce the width D of the illumination portion.

[0248] On the glazed element 1300 of [Fig. 13], a compressible element 23, here a foam element 23 in particular made of opaque material, is arranged upstream of the opacifying element 19 (in layer), between the optical module 40 (downstream of the injection zone, of the illumination portion) and the IR-reflecting coating 17. For example, the foam element 23 can be pressed against the face F4, and in contact with the optical module 40. Preferably the foam element 23 is such that its external end (i.e. the upstream end, in the direction of propagation of light) is located downstream with respect to the internal end D2 of the illumination portion (see [Fig. 11]), so as not to reduce the width D of the illumination portion.

[0249] The compressible element 23, particularly made of opaque material, can advantageously be held by compression between the optical module 40 and the face F4 by means of compression retention. The compressible element 23 can be a The element is made of an elastic material, for example an elastomer, in particular a thermoplastic elastomer or a foam. The compressible element 23 is attached to the optical module by any known means, for example by means of a suitable adhesive.

[0250] It is understood that the compression element 23 is compatible with all embodiments of the present invention.

[0251] On the glazed element 1400 of [Fig. 14], the opacifying element 19 comprises three parts 191, 192 and 193 of respective widths Wk, W1 and Wib (with Wib possibly zero), and the foam element 23 in particular of opaque material covers the part 191 of the opacifying element 19.

[0252] On the glazed element 1500 of [Fig. 15], the foam element (or at least part of the foam element) is made of opaque material and sufficiently extended to form the opacifying element 19. It stops or possibly extends beyond the inner edge 80 of the light redirecting element 8.

[0253] In Figures 8 to 15, the opacifying element 19 is in contact with the fourth face F4 14 or bonded to the fourth face F4 14 by an adhesive bonding layer. In the presence of the IR-reflective coating 17, the refractive index nH of the absorbing layer and / or the adhesive layer can be arbitrary. In the absence of an IR-reflective coating 17, the refractive index nH of the absorbing layer and / or the adhesive layer is preferably less than or equal to nGM-

[0254] On the glazed element 1600 of [Fig. 16], the foam element 23 is pressed against face F4, between face F4 and the optical module 40, preferably so as not to extend into the injection zone, and therefore offset from the light source (from the inner edge of width D). The opacifying element 19 comprises an opaque plate positioned below the optical module 40 and extending laterally downstream in the propagation direction. Alternatively, the opacifying element 19 is positioned between the optical module 40 and face F4 and extends laterally downstream in the propagation direction. It may stop at, or extend beyond, the inner edge 80 of the light redirection element 8.

[0255] On the glazed element 1700 of [Fig. 17], the foam element 23 is arranged as in [Fig. 17], and the opacifying element 19 is fixed to the optical module 40, so as to extend the optical module 40 at least over the distance Wi defined previously. Alternatively, the opacifying element is a part of the optical module 40 (sufficiently extended, opaque).

[0256] Thus, it is understood that the opacifying element 19 can be, according to the embodiments: affixed to the face F4 14 of the glazing (directly or indirectly), integral (or part) of the optical module 40. It can be integral (or part) of the vehicle.

[0257] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of example. It extends to other variants.

Claims

1. Demands Illuminatable glazed element of a vehicle, particularly a road vehicle, comprising laminated glazing (100), the laminated glazing (100) comprising: - a first sheet (1), transparent, made of mineral glass, having a first main face Fl (11), a second main face F2 opposite (12) to the first main face Fl, the first sheet (1) being intended to form an outer glass; - a second sheet (2), transparent, made of mineral glass or polymer, having a third main face F3 (13), a fourth main face F4 (14) opposite the third main face F3 (13); - between the second main face F2 (12) and the third main face F3 (13), an interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) of polymer lamination; And - a light redirection element (8) reflector on the third main face F3 (13), the light redirection element (8) being a prismatic reflector element comprising reflector prisms, particularly suitable for redirecting light from a light source (4) positioned on the fourth main face F4 (14); the laminated glazing (100) comprising a light guide extending opposite the second principal face F2 (12), the light guide comprising a guiding layer comprising at least the second sheet (2), the guiding layer comprising an internal surface and an opposite external surface, the external surface being on the side of the fourth principal face F4 (14), the guiding layer being capable of guiding at least a portion of light rays redirected along a principal direction of propagation; in which the light redirection element (8) has a characteristic width, ranging from 0.9L to 3L, where L corresponds to a rebound length of a light ray guided in the light guide, i.e., a length between two successive points of incidence of a guided light ray on a surface, among the inner and outer surfaces of the guiding layer, the two points of incidence successive being located downstream of the light redirection element (8) with respect to the main direction of propagation.

2. A glazed element according to claim 1, wherein the second sheet has a refractive index ni of at least 1.5, wherein the guide layer has a minimum refractive index ncmin, wherein the light guide comprises an inner sheath layer (32, 5) between the second main face F2 (12) and the third main face F3 (13), the inner sheath layer (32, 5) having a refractive index ngl strictly less than ncmin, the guide layer being in contact with the inner sheath layer, wherein the light guide optionally comprises an outer sheath layer (17) opposite the inner sheath layer, on the side of the fourth main face F4 (14), and having a refractive index ng2 strictly less than ncmin,in which the bounce length L is equal to: L = 2xElxtan(0RT) with: 0RT = arcsin(ngM / ncmin) where: El is a thickness of the guiding layer downstream of the light redirection element (8) with respect to the main propagation direction; ngM corresponds to a maximum between ng[ and ng2 when the light guide includes an outer cladding layer, and corresponds to ng[ when the light guide does not include an outer cladding layer.

3. Glazed element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the characteristic width of the light redirection element (8) corresponds to a total width W of the light redirection element (8).

4. A glazed element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light redirection element extends between an outer edge (80) and an inner edge (80'), the inner edge (80') being located downstream of the outer edge (80) in the principal direction of light propagation, wherein the laminated glazing comprises, on the fourth principal face F4 (14), an illumination portion, the illumination portion extending between an outer end and an inner end, the inner end being located downstream of the outer end in the principal direction of light propagation, wherein the width characteristic of the light redirection element (8) corresponds to a width Wp of a portion of the light redirection element, the portion of the light redirection element being delimited by a first end located opposite the external end of the illumination portion and a second end corresponding to the internal edge (80') of the light redirection element (8).

5. Glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the characteristic width is greater than L or 1.25L, and preferably less than or equal to 2L.

6. Glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the laminated glazing comprises, in fourth principal face F4 (14), an illumination portion of width D, wherein the characteristic width is less than or equal to L+D.

7. A glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light redirection element extends between an outer edge (80) and an inner edge (80'), the inner edge (80') being located downstream of the outer edge (80) in the principal direction of light propagation, the glazed element further comprising an absorbing element (19), opposite the light redirection element (8) and on the fourth principal face F4 (14), the absorbing element (19) extending over a portion comprising a principal portion delimited by a first edge and a second edge downstream of the first edge in the direction of propagation, the second edge being located opposite the inner edge (80') of the light redirection element and in particular the first edge being located opposite an inner end of an optical module carrying the light source (4) or facing said optical module.

8. A glazed element according to claim 7, wherein the absorbing element (19) comprises at least one of the following elements in its principal part: - an absorbing layer in optical contact with the fourth principal face F4, in particular all or part offset from an optical module carrying the light source, in particular the first edge being located opposite an internal end of an optical module (40) carrying the light source (4) in the propagation direction - an absorbing compressive element or an absorbing adhesive layer, sandwiched between an optical module carrying the light source and the fourth face F4 - an absorbing element spaced from the fourth main face, in particular part of or integral with an optical module carrying the light source.

9. A glazed element according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the portion over which the absorbing element (19) extends further comprises an external portion, the main portion being downstream of the external portion in the principal direction of propagation, the external portion preferably having a length Wk of at most 2 mm and / or the portion over which the absorbing element extends comprises an internal portion, facing a light source carrier module, adjacent and upstream of the main portion or forming part of the main portion, the internal portion preferably having a width Wlb of at most 5 mm in particular when the absorbing element is an absorbing layer in optical contact with the fourth face F4.

10. Glazed element according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the absorbing element (19) comprises an absorbing layer in contact with the fourth main face F4 or linked to the fourth main face F4 by an adhesive layer (22).

11. Glazed element according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the glazed element further comprises, on the fourth principal face F4 (14), an external coating, reflecting infrared (17), in particular forming a low emissivity layer, the absorbing element (19) is an absorbing layer in contact with the external coating (17) or an absorbing layer bonded to the external coating (17) by an adhesive layer (22).

12. Glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the light source in particular an array of light-emitting diodes, preferably having a divergence of no more than 8°, positioned on the fourth main face F4 (14) and preferably the laminated glazing comprises at least one means for extracting guided light in the guide layer, preferably on the inner surface side of the guide layer, in particular in the form of a diffusing coating.

13. A glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) comprises a lower interlayer (32), in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the main face F3, in which the light guide includes an inner sheath layer between the second main face F2 (12) and the third main face F3 (13), the guide layer being in contact with the inner sheath layer, in which the guide layer includes the second sheet (2), in which the inner sheath layer includes the lower interlayer (32).

14. A glazed element according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) comprises a lower interlayer (32) in adhesive contact with the third principal face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the third principal face F3, wherein the polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) comprises an upper interlayer in adhesive contact with the second principal face F2 or with a functional transparent coating on the second principal face F2, wherein the guiding layer comprises the second sheet (2) and the lower interlayer (32), wherein the laminated glazing further comprises: - a transparent optical insulating layer (7), for example of submillimeter thickness Ei and of at least 400 nm, extending opposite the second principal face F2 (12), having a refractive index n; ;in which the second sheet has a refractive index n^ in which the laminated glazing comprises a coated substrate, between the upper interlayer and the lower interlayer, comprising: - a transparent film (7'), made of a material, preferably polymeric, distinct from a fluoropolymer, with a front principal face Fa (71') oriented towards the face F2 and an opposite rear principal face Fb (72'), of submillimeter thickness Ef; - the optical insulating layer which is an optical insulating coating (7), on one of the front principal faces Fa (71') or rear principal faces Fb (72'), called the coated face, and an edge (70).;

15. A glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer laminate interlayer (3, 31, 32, 33, 34) comprises a lower interlayer layer (32), in adhesive contact with the third main face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the third main face F3 and an upper interlayer (31) in adhesive contact with the second main face F2 (12) or with a functional transparent coating on the second main face F2 (12), in which the laminated glazing further comprises, between the upper interlayer (31) and the lower interlayer (32), an electro-controllable device (9), in particular a diffusion and / or variable tint device, in particular PDLC, DDPDLC, GH comprising an electroactive layer between a front electroconductive support on the second main face F2 and a rear electroconductive support on the third main face F3, or a photovoltaic device, preferably an electro-controllable or photovoltaic device in optical contact with the upper interlayer (31) and the lower interlayer (32).

16. Glazed element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the laminated glazing comprises at least one of the following functional elements: - an internal peripheral masking layer (5), opaque, in contact with the second main face F2 (12); - an internal peripheral opaque element (5') between the second main face F2 (12) and the light redirection element (8), forming internal masking of the light source (4) and / or the light redirection element (8); - an external coating (17), reflecting infrared, such as a transparent conductive oxide layer stack, on the fourth face F4 of the second sheet (2); - an internal coating (18), reflecting infrared, such as a stack of one or more silver layers, on the second main face F2 on the first sheet (1), or on an additional polymer film or on a main face of an upper electrode support, of an electro-controllable device, in particular with diffusion and / or variable shade, main face oriented towards the second main face F2 (12)

17. Vehicle, in particular road vehicle, comprising a glazed element according to one of the preceding claims.

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