Method for locating user equipment around a vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for locating user equipment around a motor vehicle, comprising in particular the steps of receiving (E4A), by the left antenna of a specific communication module, a signal sent by the user equipment, calculating (E5A) the strength of the signal received by the left antenna, receiving (E4B), by the right antenna of a specific communication module, a signal sent by the user equipment, calculating (E5B) the strength of the signal received by the right antenna, and determining (E7) the location of the user equipment from the distances estimated for at least two generic communication modules, each weighted by its corresponding weighted quality index. Figure for the abstract: Figure 2

Description

Title of the invention: Method for locating user equipment around a vehicle technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the automotive field and more particularly concerns a method of locating a user's equipment around a motor vehicle, as well as a vehicle implementing this method and a system comprising such a vehicle and a user's equipment. Previous technique

[0002] In a motor vehicle, it is known to locate or pre-locate user equipment, for example a key, badge or smartphone, using Bluetooth technology, and in particular Bluetooth Channel Sounding technology.

[0003] A known solution for estimating the distance between the vehicle and the user equipment consists of establishing communication with the user equipment and measuring the strength of the signals received from the user equipment, the distance being proportional to the measured strength. This method can sometimes prove inaccurate because the signal strength varies according to their paths, which can differ depending on signal reflections.

[0004] Another known solution is to establish communication with the user's equipment and calculate the time of flight of the signals, with the distance deduced from the round-trip time because the signal speed is known. This method can sometimes prove inaccurate in Bluetooth Channel Sounding because the signal bandwidth is too narrow.

[0005] Another known solution involves establishing communication with the user equipment and determining the phase of the signals sent by the user equipment. This is followed by determining the average phase slope as a function of the signal frequency on the channels used in the Bluetooth Channel Sounding protocol, or by applying a specific algorithm to the determined phase values, for example, a MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) type algorithm, which is known per se. However, this type of solution can sometimes prove inaccurate.

[0006] In addition, in all known solutions, low sensitivity of the receiver used in the vehicle, environmental noise or frequency desynchronization between the transmitter and the receiver can lead to increased inaccuracy of measurements made on the signals.

[0007] A simple, reliable and effective solution that would at least partially remedy these drawbacks would therefore be advantageous. Description of the invention

[0008] To this end, the invention first relates to a method for locating user equipment around a motor vehicle, said vehicle comprising at least four communication modules designated "generic", of which at least two are mounted in the left part of the vehicle and at least two are mounted in the right part of the vehicle, and a communication module designated "specific", each generic communication module comprising at least one antenna, for example a single antenna or a variety of antennas, and being configured to communicate with said user equipment, the specific communication module being mounted on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and comprising a first antenna designated "left" and a second antenna designated "right", said left antenna being configured to radiate at 180° covering the left part of the vehicle,said right antenna being configured to radiate at 180° covering the right side of the vehicle, the specific communication module being configured to communicate with said user equipment, said method comprising the steps of: ,

[0009] - reception of a signal emitted by the user equipment by at least two generic communication modules, including a first generic communication module and a second generic communication module,

[0010] - estimation, for each generic communication module, of a distance of the user equipment in relation to the center of the vehicle,

[0011] - calculation of a received signal quality index for each communication module generic, including a first index of signal quality received by the first generic communication module and a second index of signal quality received by the second generic communication module,

[0012] - reception, by the left antenna of the specific communication module, of a signal sent by the user's equipment,

[0013] - calculation of the power of the signal received by the left antenna,

[0014] - reception, by the right antenna of the specific communication module, of a signal sent by the user's equipment,

[0015] - calculation of the power of the signal received by the right antenna,

[0016] - if the power of the signal received from the left antenna is greater than the power of the signal received from the right antenna, weighted by a first coefficient of the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) located in the left part of the vehicle and weighted by a second coefficient of the indices of quality calculated for the generic communication module(s) located in the right-hand side of the vehicle, the first coefficient being greater than the second coefficient,

[0017] - if the power of the signal received from the right antenna is greater than the power of the signal received from the left antenna, weighted by the first coefficient of the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) located in the right part of the vehicle and weighted by the second coefficient of the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) located in the left part of the vehicle,

[0018] - Determining the location of user equipment from distances estimated for at least two generic communication modules, each weighted by its corresponding weighted quality index.

[0019] The method according to the invention makes it possible to weight the quality indicators according to whether the user equipment is on the right or left side of the vehicle in order to improve the weight of the locations calculated for each generic communication module located on the same side of the vehicle and thus improve the overall location of the user equipment relative to the vehicle.

[0020] Preferably, the first coefficient is equal to 1 and the second coefficient is equal to 0.5. These values ​​could be different depending on the weight that one wishes to give to the quality indicators of the communication module(s) located on the same side of the vehicle as the user equipment.

[0021] Preferably, the determination of the location of the user equipment is carried out by bilateration and tracking for two generic communication modules or by trilateration for three generic communication modules, in a manner known per se.

[0022] The invention also relates to a computer program product characterized in that it comprises a set of program code instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, configure the processor(s) to implement a process as described above.

[0023] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising at least four communication modules designated "generic", of which at least two are mounted in the left part of the vehicle and at least two are mounted in the right part of the vehicle, and a communication module designated "specific", each generic communication module comprising at least one antenna and being configured to communicate with said user equipment, the specific communication module being mounted in the center of the vehicle and comprising a first antenna designated "left" and a second antenna designated "right", said left antenna being configured to radiate at 180° covering the left part of the vehicle, said right antenna being configured to radiate at 180° covering the right side of the vehicle, the specific communication module being configured to communicate with said user equipment, said vehicle being configured to:

[0024] - receive a signal emitted by the user equipment by at least two modules generic communication modules, including a first generic communication module and a second generic communication module,

[0025] - to estimate, for each generic communication module, a distance of the user equipment in relation to the center of the vehicle,

[0026] - calculate a received signal quality index for each communication module generic, including a first index of signal quality received by the first generic communication module and a second index of signal quality received by the second generic communication module,

[0027] - receive, via the left antenna of the specific communication module, a signal sent by the user's equipment,

[0028] - calculate the power of the signal received by the left antenna,

[0029] - receive, via the right antenna of the specific communication module, a signal sent by the user's equipment,

[0030] - calculate the power of the signal received by the right antenna,

[0031] - if the power of the signal received from the left antenna is greater than the power of the signal received from the right antenna, weight by a first coefficient the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) located in the left part of the vehicle and weight by a second coefficient the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) located in the right part of the vehicle, the first coefficient being greater than the second coefficient,

[0032] - if the power of the signal received from the right antenna is greater than the power of the signal received from the left antenna, weight by the first coefficient the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) located in the right part of the vehicle and weight by the second coefficient the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) located in the left part of the vehicle,

[0033] - determine the location of the user equipment from the distances estimated for at least two generic communication modules, each weighted by its corresponding weighted quality index.

[0034] Advantageously, the specific communication module is unique and mounted on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, for example in the center of the vehicle.

[0035] Alternatively, the specific communication module may be in two parts, each comprising at least one antenna and mounted symmetrically. relative to the vehicle's longitudinal axis, with identical radiation patterns oriented respectively to the left and right of the vehicle, or alternatively, the specific communication module can be in two parts, each comprising at least one antenna and mounted asymmetrically relative to the vehicle's longitudinal axis, with radiation patterns oriented respectively to the left and right of the vehicle that compensate for each other. These different configurations allow for balancing the left / right distances; otherwise, the signal could be perceived as stronger on one side despite a greater distance.

[0036] According to one aspect of the invention, each generic communication module comprises a single antenna.

[0037] Preferably, the first coefficient is equal to 1 and the second coefficient is equal to 0.5.

[0038] Preferably, the vehicle is configured to determine the location of the user equipment by bilateration for two generic communication modules or by trilateration for three generic communication modules.

[0039] The invention also relates to a communication system comprising a vehicle as described above and user equipment configured to emit signals to the generic communication modules and the vehicle-specific communication module. Brief description of the drawings

[0040] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description. This description is purely illustrative and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0041] [Fig-1] Fig.1 schematically illustrates one embodiment of the system according to the invention.

[0042] [Fig.2] Fig.2 schematically illustrates one embodiment of the process according to the invention. Description of the implementation methods

[0043] Fig. 1 illustrates an example of system 1 according to the invention.

[0044] System 1 comprises a motor vehicle 10 and user equipment 20.

[0045] The vehicle 10 comprises four communication modules designated "generic". 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR, of which two 110GAV and 110GAR are mounted in the left part of the vehicle, one generic 110GAV communication module in the front left and one generic 110GAR communication module in the rear left, and two 110DAV and 110DAR are mounted in the right part of the vehicle, one module generic communication module 110DAV at the front right and a generic communication module 110DAR at the rear right.

[0046] In this example, each generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR includes an antenna or a diversity of antennas and is configured to communicate with user equipment 20, for example using the Bluetooth or Ultra Wide Band (UWB) protocol.

[0047] The vehicle 10 also includes a communication module designated "specific" 120, mounted on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle 10.

[0048] In this example, the specific communication module 120 is mounted substantially in the center of the vehicle 1 and includes a first antenna designated "left" 120G and a second antenna designated "right" 120D.

[0049] The left antenna 120G is configured to radiate at 180° covering the left side of the vehicle 10. The right antenna 120D is configured to radiate at 180° covering the right side of the vehicle 10.

[0050] The specific communication module 120 is configured to communicate with the user equipment, for example using the Bluetooth or Ultra Wide Band (UWB) protocol.

[0051] The vehicle 10 is configured to estimate, for each generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR receiving signals from user equipment 20 (i.e. being within the radio coverage of user equipment 20), a distance LGAV, LGAR, LDAV, LDAR from user equipment 20 to the center of vehicle 10. The distance estimation can be done by analyzing the phase variation between the transmitted and received signals, within the framework of the BLE Channel Sounding protocol.

[0052] This distance estimation can be performed by each of the generic communication modules 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR or by an electronic control unit 130 of the vehicle 10 with which each of the generic communication modules 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, HODAR can communicate, for example via a wired communication network 140 of the vehicle 10 or wirelessly by air waves (for example radio frequencies or microwaves).

[0053] The vehicle 10 is configured to calculate, for each generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR receiving signals from user equipment 20, a quality index IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR of the signal received by each generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR.

[0054] The vehicle 10 is configured to calculate the power, preferably the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), of an emitted signal by user equipment 20 and received by left antenna 120G and to calculate the power (preferably the RSSI) of a signal emitted by user equipment 20 and received by right antenna 120D.

[0055] The vehicle 10 is configured so that, when the signal strength received from the left antenna 120G is greater than the signal strength received from the right antenna 120D, the quality indices IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR calculated for the generic communication modules 110GAV, 110GAR that have received signals from the user equipment 20 and are located in the left part of the vehicle 10 are weighted by a first coefficient Cl, and the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) 110DAV, 110DAR that have received signals from the user equipment 20 and are located in the right part of the vehicle are weighted by a second coefficient C2, the first coefficient Cl being greater than the second coefficient C2. Preferably, the first coefficient Cl is equal to 1 and the second coefficient C2 is equal to 0.5.

[0056] The vehicle 10 is configured so that, when the power of the signal received from the right antenna 120D is greater than the power of the signal received from the left antenna 120G, weighting by the first coefficient Cl the quality indices IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR calculated for the generic communication modules 110DAV, 110DAR having received signals from the user equipment 20 and being located in the right part of the vehicle 10 and weighting by the second coefficient C2 the quality indices IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, calculated for the generic communication modules 110GAV, 110GAR having received signals from the user equipment 20 and being located in the left part of the vehicle 10.

[0057] The vehicle 10 is configured to determine the location of the user equipment 20 from the estimated distances, for example by bilateration or trilateration known in themselves, for at least two generic communication modules 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR each weighted by its corresponding quality index IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR, weighted beforehand by the first coefficient Cl (for the generic communication modules 110GAV front left and 110GAR rear left) or the second coefficient C2 (for the generic communication module 10DAV front right).

[0058] Preferably, the vehicle 10 is configured to determine the location of the user equipment 20 by bilateration when only two generic communication modules 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR have received signals from the user equipment 20 or by trilateration when at least three generic communication modules 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, HODAR have received signals from the user equipment 20.

[0059] When processing data, in particular calculation data, the electronic control unit 130, each generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR and the specific communication module 120 include a processor capable of implementing a set of instructions to perform these functions.

[0060] Example of implementation

[0061] An example of an implementation of the invention will now be described with reference to [Fig.2],

[0062] In a step El, at least two generic communication modules receive a signal emitted by the user equipment 20. In the example of [Fig.l], the generic communication module 110GAV front left, the generic communication module 110GAR rear left and the generic communication module 110DAV front right receive signals from the user equipment 20.

[0063] For each generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV having received signals from user equipment 20, a distance LGAV, LGAR, LD AV of the user equipment 20 is estimated relative to the center of the vehicle 10 in a step E2, by the generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV itself or by the electronic control unit 130.

[0064] For each generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV having received signals from user equipment 20, a quality index IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV of the received signal is calculated in a step E3, by the generic communication module 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV itself or by the electronic control unit 130.

[0065] The left antenna 120G of the specific communication module 120 receives a signal sent by the user equipment 20 in a step E4A then the power of said signal received by the left antenna 120G is calculated in a step E5A, by the specific communication module 120 or by the electronic control unit 130.

[0066] The right antenna 120D of the specific communication module 120 receives a signal sent by the user equipment 20 in a step E4B and then the power of said signal received by the right antenna 120D is calculated in a step E5B, by the specific communication module 120 or by the electronic control unit 130.

[0067] When the signal strength received from the left antenna 120G is greater than the signal strength received from the right antenna 120D, in step E6A, a weighting by the first coefficient Cl of the calculated quality indices IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR is performed for the generic communication modules 110GAV front left and 110GAR rear left that received signals from the user equipment 20 and are located in the left part of the vehicle 10, and a weighting by the second coefficient C2 of the calculated quality index IQ_DAV is performed for the generic communication module 110DAV front right located in the right part of the vehicle 10 is performed. These calculations can be performed by the generic communication module 120 or by the electronic control unit 130.

[0068] When the signal strength received from the right antenna 120D is greater than the signal strength received from the left antenna 120G, in step E6B, the quality index IQ_DAV calculated for the generic communication module 110DAV located in the right part of the vehicle 10 is weighted by the first coefficient Cl, and the quality indices IQ_GAV and IQ_GAR calculated for the generic communication modules 110GAV and 110GAR located in the left part of the vehicle 1 are weighted by the second coefficient C2. Again, these calculations can be performed by the generic communication module 120 or by the electronic control unit 130.

[0069] Finally, in a step E7, the LUE location of the user equipment 20 is performed by trilateration calculation from the LGAV, LGAR, LD AV distances estimated for the three generic communication modules 110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, each weighted by its corresponding quality index IQ-GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, already weighted by its corresponding coefficient:

[0070] [Math.l] (C lx£GA V+C ïxLGAR+C2xLDAV) 11 —■

[0071] These calculations can be performed by the generic communication module 120 or by the electronic control unit 130.

[0072] The invention therefore makes it possible to weight the quality indicators calculated for each generic communication module according to whether the user equipment 20 is on the left or right of the vehicle 10 in order to increase the weight of the estimated distance for the generic communication modules located on the side of the user equipment 20 and thus improve the accuracy of the overall location of the user equipment 20.

Claims

1. Demands Method for locating user equipment (20) around a motor vehicle (1), said vehicle (1) comprising at least four communication modules designated "generic" (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), of which at least two (110GAV, 110GAR) are mounted in the left part of the vehicle (10) and at least two (110DAV, 110DAR) are mounted in the right part of the vehicle (10), and a communication module designated "specific" (120), each generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) comprising an antenna and being configured to communicate with said user equipment (20), the specific communication module (120) being mounted on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle (1) and comprising a first antenna designated "left" (120G) and a second antenna designated "right" (120D), said left antenna (120G) being configured to radiate at 180° covering the left side of the vehicle (10),said right antenna (120D) being configured to radiate at 180° covering the right side of the vehicle (10), the specific communication module (120) being configured to communicate with said user equipment (20), said method comprising the steps of:, - reception (El) of a signal emitted by the user equipment (20) by at least two generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), including a first generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) and a second generic communication module ((110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), - estimation (E2), for each generic communication module ((110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), of a distance from the user equipment (20) to the center of the vehicle (10), - calculation (E3) of a quality index (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) of the signal received for each generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), including a first quality index (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) of the signal received by the first generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) and a second quality index (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) of the signal received by the second generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), - reception (E4A), by the left antenna (120G) of the specific communication module (120), of a signal sent by the user equipment (20), - calculation (E5A) of the signal power received by the left antenna (120G), - reception (E4B), by the right antenna (120D) of the specific communication module (120), of a signal sent by the user equipment (20), - calculation (E5B) of the signal power received by the right antenna (120D), - if the power of the signal received from the left antenna (120G) is greater than the power of the signal received from the right antenna (120D), (E6A) weighting by a first coefficient (Cl) of the quality indices (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR) calculated for the generic communication module(s) (110GAV, 110GAR) located in the left part of the vehicle (10) and weighting by a second coefficient (C2) of the quality indices (IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) calculated for the generic communication module(s) (110DAV, 110DAR) located in the right part of the vehicle (10), the first coefficient (Cl) being greater than the second coefficient (C2), - if the power of the signal received from the right antenna (120D) is greater than the power of the signal received from the left antenna (120G), (E6B) weighting by the first coefficient (Cl) of the quality indices (IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) calculated for the generic communication module(s) (110DAV, 110DAR) located in the right part of the vehicle (10) and weighting by the second coefficient (C2) of the quality indices (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR) calculated for the generic communication module(s) (110GAV, 110GAR) located in the left part of the vehicle (10), - determination (E7) of the location of the user equipment (20) from the distances estimated for at least two generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) each weighted by its corresponding weighted quality index (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR).

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the first coefficient (Cl) is equal to 1 and the second coefficient (C2) is equal to 0.

5.

3. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the determination of the location of the user equipment (20) is carried out by bilateration for two generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) or by trilateration for three generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR).

4. Product computer program characterized in that it comprises a set of program code instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, configure the processor(s) to implement a method according to any one of the preceding claims.

5. A motor vehicle (10) comprising at least four communication modules designated "generic" (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), of which at least two (110GAV, 110GAR) are mounted in the left part of the vehicle (10) and at least two (110DAV, 110DAR) are mounted in the right part of the vehicle (10), and one communication module designated "specific" (120), each generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) comprising an antenna and being configured to communicate with said user equipment (20), the specific communication module (120) being mounted in the center of the vehicle (10) and comprising a first antenna designated "left" (120G) and a second antenna designated "right" (120D), said left antenna (120G) being configured to radiate at 180° covering the left side of the vehicle (10), said right antenna (120D) being configured to radiate at 180° covering the right side of the vehicle (10),the specific communication module (120) being configured to communicate with said user equipment (20), said vehicle (10) being configured to: - receive a signal emitted by the user equipment (20) by at least two generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), of which a first generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) and a second generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), - estimate, for each generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), a distance from the user equipment (20) to the center of the vehicle (10), - calculate a quality index (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) of the received signal for each generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), including a first quality index (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) of the signal received by the first generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) and a second quality index (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) of the signal received by the second generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR), - receive, via the left antenna (120G) of the specific communication module (120), a signal sent by the user equipment (20), - calculate the signal strength received by the left antenna (120G), - receive, by the right antenna (120D) of the specific communication module (120), a signal sent by the user equipment (20), - calculate the signal strength received by the right antenna (120D), - if the signal strength received from the left antenna (120G) is greater than the signal strength received from the right antenna (120D), weight by a first coefficient (Cl) the quality indices (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR) calculated for the generic communication module(s) (110GAV, 110GAR) located in the left part of the vehicle (10) and weight by a second coefficient (C2) the quality indices (IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR) calculated for the generic communication module(s) (110DAV, 110DAR) located in the right part of the vehicle (10), the first coefficient (Cl) being greater than the second coefficient (C2), - if the signal strength received from the right antenna (120D) is greater than the signal strength received from the left antenna (120G), weight the quality indices calculated for the generic communication module(s) (10DAV, 10DAR) located in the right part of the vehicle (10) by the first coefficient (Cl) and weight the quality indices (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR) calculated for the module(s) by the second coefficient (C2) generic communication (110GAV, 110GAR) located in the left part of the vehicle (10), - determine the location of the user equipment (20) from the estimated distances for at least two generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) each weighted by its corresponding weighted quality index (IQ_GAV, IQ_GAR, IQ_DAV, IQ_DAR).

6. Vehicle (10) according to the preceding claim, in which the specific communication module (120) is mounted in the center of the vehicle (10).

7. Vehicle (10) according to any one of claims 5 or 6, wherein each generic communication module (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) comprises a single antenna.

8. Vehicle (10) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the first coefficient (Cl) is equal to 1 and the second coefficient (C2) is equal to 0.

5.

9. Vehicle (10) according to any one of claims 5 to 8, said vehicle (10) being configured to determine the location of user equipment (20) by bilateration for two generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) or by trilateration for three generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR).

10. Communication system (1) comprising a vehicle (10) according to any one of claims 5 to 9 and a user equipment (20) configured to transmit signals to the generic communication modules (110GAV, 110GAR, 110DAV, 110DAR) and the specific communication module (120) of the vehicle (10).