LONG-DISTANCE UNDERWATER POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Abstract

The power supply system includes at least one terminal power source (210) electrically connected to a plurality of branch nodes (220) by a main track cable (240) to which the terminal power source can supply a constant current. The plurality of branch nodes (220) are connected respectively to at least one corresponding load node (230), and each branch node and its corresponding load node are connected to the submarine grounding line. The branch nodes can convert a constant current transmitted by the main track cable into a constant voltage current and supply the constant voltage current to the load nodes. Thus, the branch nodes allow the constant current supplied by the terminal power source to be converted to better power the load nodes and to provide a return current by grounding. Figure 2

Description

Title of the invention: LONG-DISTANCE UNDERWATER POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM technical field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of underwater power supply, in particular a long-distance underwater power supply system. TECHNICAL CONTEXT

[0002] The underwater observation network is an observation platform used in Earth sciences, by installing a terminal station on land near the coast and installing various underwater scientific observation instruments. These instruments connect the equipment at the land-based terminal station to the scientific observation instruments via submarine cables, providing continuous power and data transmission. On this platform, various observation and detection instruments can operate uninterrupted for extended periods under the terminal station's power supply conditions, and continuously transmit detection data to the communication equipment at the land-based terminal station via optical fibers.

[0003] Currently, power supply solutions for an underwater observation network are divided into two main types: constant voltage and constant current. Constant voltage power supply generally involves a terminal station power supply generating a high-voltage direct current, which underwater equipment then converts to the operating voltage required by the instruments using a high-voltage power supply. Constant current power supply generally involves a terminal station power supply generating a direct current, which the underwater equipment then converts to the voltage it requires.

[0004] However, in constant voltage power supply mode, the design of the high-voltage power source is complicated, and faults caused by the power source will affect all powered equipment. Furthermore, the high voltage will inevitably introduce significant noise and interference to post-floor equipment, necessitating additional filtering measures for the post-floor equipment and thus affecting the reliability of the power supply system. Constant current power supply mode is limited by losses due to submarine cables, and the total voltage required for the equipment will not exceed The maximum output voltage of the terminal station's power supply equipment is insufficient, making it only suitable for powering low- and medium-power equipment on the main submarine cable, but unsuitable for long-distance, multi-node underwater observation networks. Therefore, providing a stable and reliable power supply to long-distance, multi-node underwater observation networks is an urgent problem to solve. Description of the invention

[0005] A long-distance subsea power supply system is provided in the embodiments of this application, intended to solve the problem of the low stability and low reliability of power supply systems when powered by long-distance multi-node subsea power supply systems.

[0006] The long-distance underwater power supply system provided in the embodiments of this application is used in an underwater observation system, the underwater observation system comprises a plurality of load nodes, and the power supply system comprises at least one terminal power supply and a plurality of branch nodes, wherein the terminal power supply is electrically connected to the plurality of branch nodes successively via a main track cable, and the terminal power supply is configured to provide a constant current to the main track cable;The plurality of branch nodes are connected respectively to the load nodes corresponding to the branch nodes; one branch node corresponds to at least one load node, and the branch node is electrically connected to the load node via a branch track cable; each branch node and each load node are respectively connected to a submarine ground line, and the branch nodes and the load nodes corresponding to the branch nodes generate a return current through the submarine ground line; the branch nodes are configured to convert a constant current transmitted by the main track cable into a constant voltage current and supply the constant voltage current to the load nodes.

[0007] Thus, the branch nodes make it possible to convert a constant current supplied by the terminal power source in order to better supply the load nodes and to achieve a return current by grounding, which reduces the wiring between the branch nodes and the load nodes, reduces the cost of long-distance power supply and reduces the problem of power supply stability degradation caused by cable damage.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, the terminal power supply comprises a plurality of power supply modules. These modules are connected in series, and a positive terminal of one of the power supply modules is electrically connected to the main track cable. Thus, a constant current is supplied to the terminal power supply by the plurality of power supply modules, increasing the output current, increasing the redundancy of the power supply, and increasing the stability of the power supply system.

[0009] In one possible embodiment, the terminal power supply further comprises a plurality of first bypass modules, the plurality of first bypass modules correspond one-to-one with the plurality of power supply modules, and the first bypass modules are electrically connected between positive pole terminals and negative pole terminals of the power supply modules corresponding to the first bypass modules; the first bypass module is configured so that: in response to an output anomaly of the corresponding power supply module, the first bypass module goes into a connected state to short-circuit the positive pole terminal and the negative pole terminal of the corresponding power supply module;The output anomaly includes the fact that the output current value of the power supply module is outside the predefined range of the power supply module current. Thus, the first bypass module can be used to isolate faults that occur in the power supply module, in order to prevent the faulty power supply module from affecting the output stability of the terminal power supply and to improve the reliability of the power supply.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the plurality of power supply modules are configured to adjust the output current value within a predefined range, such that the output voltage and output power of each power supply module are identical. Thus, the output power of each power supply module can be distributed uniformly, preventing heat concentration and enabling long-term service of the terminal power supply.

[0011] In one possible embodiment, the branch node comprises at least one constant current to constant voltage conversion module, a first terminal and a second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module are electrically connected to the main track cable, a third terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module is electrically connected to the load node via the branch track cable, and A fourth terminal of the constant current-to-constant voltage converter module is electrically connected to the subsea ground line. The constant current-to-constant voltage converter module is configured to receive, via either the first or second terminal, a constant current supplied by the terminal power source, and to convert this constant current into a predefined constant voltage current before supplying it to the load node through the third terminal. Thus, the constant current can be processed at the bypass node and converted into a constant voltage current, thereby adapting to the operating voltage and power rating of the load node, improving the diversity of equipment accessing the power system, and enabling the power system to adapt to long-distance, multi-node power supply scenarios.

[0012] In one possible embodiment, the bypass node further comprises a first isolation module and at least one second bypass module; the first isolation module is disposed between the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module and the main track cable, and the first isolation module is configured to disconnect the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module from the main track cable in response to a fault in the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module or the load node; the fault includes short circuit, open circuit, and ground fault occurring in the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module and the corresponding load node; the second bypass module is disposed on the main track cable,One terminal of the second bypass module is connected to the first terminal of the constant current to constant voltage converter module through the first isolation module, and the other terminal of the second bypass module is connected to the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage converter module through the first isolation module. The second bypass module is configured to connect the main track cable electrically to the first and second terminals of the constant current to constant voltage converter module in response to a fault in the constant current to constant voltage converter module or load node. Thus, faulty bypass or load nodes can be isolated, preventing faults on a branch line from affecting the power supply to the main track cables, thereby improving power supply stability.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the constant current to constant voltage conversion module comprises an input circuit, a conversion circuit, and an output circuit. The input circuit is electrically connected to the first and second terminals, and the input circuit is configured to receive and filter, through the first or second terminal, the constant current transmitted by the cable. The main circuit; the conversion circuit is electrically connected to the input and output circuits respectively, and the conversion circuit is configured to convert the constant current filtered by the input circuit into a constant voltage current; the output circuit is electrically connected to the third terminal, and the output circuit is configured to filter the constant voltage current generated by the conversion circuit and export it through the third terminal. Thus, a constant current can be converted into a constant voltage current to suit the needs of the load nodes, so that the power supply system can power various load nodes according to their different requirements.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the conversion circuit comprises a switching circuit, a main power transformer, and a rectifier circuit. The switching circuit is electrically connected to the input circuit and the main power transformer, respectively, and the rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the main power transformer and the output circuit, respectively. The main power transformer is placed on an electrically insulating strip. Thus, an input current can be handled and crosstalk reduced by means of the electrically insulating strip, thereby ensuring electrical safety in the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion process.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, the switching circuit topology comprises either a full-bridge or a half-bridge topology; the switching circuit includes a switching transistor, which is either an insulated-gate bipolar transistor or a semiconductor metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. Thus, the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion process can be controlled to provide the required constant voltage current and control the output current power by defining the structure, in order to better meet the operating requirements of the corresponding load node.

[0016] In one possible embodiment, the constant current to constant voltage conversion module further comprises a feedback circuit and a control circuit. The control circuit is disposed between the input circuit and the conversion circuit, and the feedback circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the conversion circuit and to the control circuit, respectively. The feedback circuit is configured to generate a feedback signal in response to the output voltage of the conversion circuit and send this feedback signal to the control circuit. The control circuit is configured to generate a control signal in response to the feedback signal and send this control signal to the conversion circuit. Thus, feedback and control of the conversion module via the constant voltage output current are possible, so that the conversion module Constant current at constant voltage can maintain an output state, thus improving the stability of the power supply to the load nodes.

[0017] In one possible embodiment, the branch node is electrically connected to the load node via a branch track cable, and if the number of load nodes corresponding to the branch node is greater than or equal to two, the load nodes may be connected in series and / or in parallel on the branch track cable corresponding to the branch node; the input voltage of each load node is less than or equal to the constant voltage current supplied by the branch node, and the input power of each load node is less than or equal to the constant voltage current power supplied by the branch node.Thus, a plurality of load nodes can be connected to a single branch line to power them simultaneously, so that different load nodes can access the power supply system, thereby increasing the application scenarios of the power supply system.

[0018] In one possible embodiment, the load node comprises at least one load equipment and a second isolation module; the load equipment is electrically connected to the branch track cable, and the second isolation module is disposed on the branch track cable which is electrically connected to the load equipment; the second isolation module is configured so that: in response to a fault in the load equipment, the second isolation module disconnects the load equipment from the branch track cable to stop the operation of the faulty load equipment; the fault includes short circuit, open circuit and ground fault which occur in the load equipment.Thus, the power supply to the charging equipment in the charging nodes can be controlled, and when some of the charging equipment in the charging nodes is faulty, the other charging equipment in the charging nodes can still operate normally thanks to separate isolation, which increases the reliability of the power supply by the power supply system.

[0019] In one possible embodiment, if the load node is a mobile load node, the bypass node comprises a first constant current to constant voltage conversion module, the load node comprises a second constant current to constant voltage conversion module, and the first and second constant current to constant voltage conversion modules can be electromagnetically coupled to establish a connection between the bypass node and the load node; the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module is electrically connected to a load device in the node. The first constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module is configured to convert the constant current received by the bypass node into a corresponding magnetic field. The second constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module is configured to couple in response to the magnetic field generated by the first module and generate a corresponding constant voltage current based on the magnetic field to power the charging equipment. Thus, the mobile charging node can be powered, the application scenarios of the power system are expanded, and the reliability of the power system is improved.

[0020] In one possible embodiment, if the number of terminal power sources is greater than or equal to two, the terminal power sources comprise at least one first terminal power source and at least one second terminal power source, the first terminal power source and the second terminal power source are both electrically connected to the main track cable, and the output polarity of the first terminal power source is the inverse of that of the second terminal power source.Thus, a power supply is possible using a plurality of terminal power sources, which increases the redundancy of the power supply and reduces the output load of a single terminal power source, thereby reducing faults caused by long-term high-load operation and improving the operating stability of the terminal power source.

[0021] A long-distance power supply system is provided in the embodiments of this application, which supplies electrical power through terminal power sources providing a constant current. In this system, branch nodes are connected to load nodes, and the branch nodes can convert the constant current to supply the corresponding load nodes with a constant voltage current. Furthermore, the branch nodes are connected to the submarine grounding line, so that the power supply system can achieve a return current by grounding. This reduces the cabling between the branch nodes and the load nodes, lowers the cost of the long-distance power supply, and mitigates the problem of power supply stability degradation caused by cable damage. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0022] The technical solution to this application will become clearer during the detailed description of the figures attached to the embodiments, and Obviously, variations of the figures can be obtained by the skilled craftsman without creative work.

[0023] [Fig.1] is a structural diagram of a power supply system for an underwater observation network;

[0024] [Fig.2] is a structural diagram of an underwater power supply system long distance provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] [Fig.3] is a structural diagram of another power supply system long-range submarine provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] [Fig.4] is a structural diagram of a terminal power supply provided in the methods of implementing this request;

[0027] [Fig.5] is a diagram of the current value and the voltage value or the power of the output current supplied in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] [Fig.6] is a structural diagram of a derivation node provided in the modes of fulfillment of this request;

[0029] [Fig.7] is a structural diagram of another derivation node provided in the modes of fulfilling this request;

[0030] [Fig.8] is a structural diagram of a constant current conversion module constant voltage supplied in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] [Fig.9] is a structural diagram of another constant current conversion module in constant voltage supplied in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] [Fig. 10] is a structural diagram of a reaction circuit and a control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] [Fig. 11] is a structural diagram of a load node provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] [Fig. 12] is a diagram of the connection method between a branch node and a load node provided in one embodiment of the present application; and

[0035] [Fig. 13] is a diagram of the connection between another branch node and a load node provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application shall be described clearly and in detail by the following description with reference to the attached figures.

[0037] In the context of this application, unless otherwise indicated, “ / ” means “or”, for example, A / B can mean A or B. The expression “and / or” here is simply a linking relationship between associated elements, indicating three possible relationships, by For example, A and / or B can mean the following three cases: A, A, and B, B. Furthermore, the expression "at least one" means one or more, and the expression "a plurality" means two or more. The terms "first" and "second" do not limit the number or order of execution, and the terms "first" and "second" do not necessarily mean two different elements.

[0038] It should also be understood that, in the present application, unless otherwise clearly indicated or specified, the term "connection" may be an electrical connection, a communication connection or a mechanical connection; furthermore, the term "connection" may be a direct link or an indirect link via an intermediate means.

[0039] It should be noted that in this application, the expressions "by way of example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. In this application, any embodiment or design solution described as "by way of example" or "for example" should not be considered as being preferred or more advantageous compared to other embodiments or design solutions. More specifically, the expressions "by way of example" or "for example" are used only to represent a concept in a concrete way.

[0040] The underwater observation network is an observation platform used in Earth sciences, in which fiber optic cables, base stations, underwater monitoring equipment, and control instruments are connected and used to establish a series of underwater monitoring stations, thus forming an underwater network system capable of performing long-term, real-time detection, data transmission, sample collection and analysis, and in-situ experiments on the seabed. This system can achieve all-weather, long-term, dynamic, and real-time in-situ observation of seawater layers, seabed layers, and underwater rock layers, and provide important supporting data for scientific research, environmental protection, early warning of disasters, and other fields.

[0041] Since the equipment in the underwater observation network generally requires a continuous electrical supply to maintain its operation, the power supply system for the underwater observation network is an essential and important component of the network. Currently, power supply solutions for an underwater observation network are divided into two main types: constant voltage and constant current. The constant voltage power supply generally consists of a The power supply equipment at a terminal station generates a high-voltage direct current (DC), and subsea equipment must convert this DC to the operating voltage required by the instruments using a high-voltage power supply. The constant-current power supply mode typically involves the terminal station's power supply equipment generating DC, and the subsea equipment converting this DC to the voltage it requires.

[0042] Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a power supply system for an underwater observation network.

[0043] As shown in [Fig. 1], a power supply system that powers the underwater observation network can include an onboard power supply unit 110, a main track cable 120, a diverter 130 and a branch track cable 140. In which the onboard power supply unit 110 is disposed onboard to provide current, the main track cable 120 is electrically connected to the onboard power supply unit 110, the diverter 130 is disposed on the main track cable 120, the branch track cable 140 is electrically connected to the diverter 130 and the branch track cable 140 can obtain a supply current from the main track cable 120 through the diverter 130 to power the observation equipment 150 in the underwater observation network.

[0044] By way of example, the onboard power supply equipment 110 may be a constant voltage power supply or a constant current power supply, and a transformer may be provided in the observation equipment 150 to receive a constant voltage current or a constant current transmitted through the branch track cable 140 and convert the supply current voltage into the operating voltage required by the observation equipment 150 to power the observation equipment 150.

[0045] Since the observation equipment 150 in the underwater observation network can be arranged in different positions, its distribution distance can be considerable from the power supply equipment 110, and since the current, which is limited by the transmission performance and the distance of the main cable 120 and the branch cable 140, is lost significantly during the transmission process, in constant voltage power supply mode, a high-voltage direct current is generally used for the power supply; for example, the voltage can be 15 kV. Correspondingly, although the high-voltage power supply can reduce the loss in the transmission process, the design of the high-voltage power supply is complicated, and faults caused by the power supply will affect all the powered equipment; moreover, High voltage will inevitably bring serious noise and interference to the observation equipment 150, necessitating additional design of filtering measures for the observation equipment 150, affecting the reliability of the power supply system.

[0046] And if the onboard power supply equipment 110 is a constant current power supply equipment, a loss will be caused by the cables in the transmission process, moreover, the total voltage required for the observation equipment 150 in the power supply system will not exceed the maximum output voltage of the onboard power supply equipment 110, which is only suitable for powering low and medium power equipment, but is not suitable for long-distance multi-node underwater observation networks.

[0047] In order to solve the above problem, the present application provides a long-distance submarine power supply system, which can provide a constant current to the main track cables using a constant current power source and power loads by converting a constant current from the main track cables into a constant voltage current through the branch nodes, moreover, which can achieve a return current by grounding the branch nodes and the load nodes, reducing the wiring for the power supply system and improving the reliability of the long-distance power supply.

[0048] Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a long-distance underwater power supply system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0049] As shown in [Fig.2], the long-range underwater power supply system provided in the embodiments of this application comprises at least one terminal power supply 210 and a plurality of bypass nodes 220, in order to supply respectively a plurality of load nodes 230 of the underwater observation system.

[0050] Taking the example of a single terminal power supply 210 provided in the system, as shown in [Fig.2], the terminal power supply 210 is electrically connected to the plurality of branch nodes 220 successively via a main track cable 240, and the plurality of branch nodes 220 are connected respectively to the corresponding load nodes 230, so that the terminal power supply 210 can supply current to the main track cable 240, in order to supply the load nodes 230 through the branch nodes 220.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, the output current of the terminal power supply 210 is a constant current, i.e., the terminal power supply 210 is a constant current power supply. And the branch node 220 can convert a constant current transmitted by the cable of main track 240 in constant voltage current, and transmit the converted constant voltage current to the load node 230, thus supplying the load node 230.

[0052] Furthermore, taking the example of an electrical connection between the branch node 220 and the load node 230 via a cable, the cable disposed between the branch node 220 and the load node 230 can be a branch track cable 250 of the power supply system, and one branch node 220 corresponds to at least one load node 230, so that the branch node 220 can be connected to one or more load nodes 230 via a branch track cable 250.

[0053] It should be understood that, when a branch node 220 is electrically connected to a load node 230, the electrical connection can be made in various ways, for example a double-cable electrical connection or a bipolar cable electrical connection, and the specific mode of electrical connection between the branch node 220 and the load node 230 via the branch track cable 250 will not be specified in the embodiments of this application.

[0054] In certain embodiments of the present application, each branch node 220 is connected to the subsea grounding line 260, and the branch node 220 can carry the return current of the power supply system by grounding the branch node 220. Thus, a branch node 220 can be electrically connected to a load node 230 via a branch track cable 250, and the branch track cable 250 can be a conventional single-core cable for subsea power supply, which reduces the amount of cable used, avoids the problem of tangling subsea cables for long-distance power supply, and furthermore, compared to two-core cable, the conductive and insulating layers are not necessarily required for single-core cable, thus reducing the cost of long-distance power supply to the power supply system.

[0055] It should be understood that each 220 branch node and the corresponding 230 load node are arranged in a co-located manner for grounding, so that the 220 branch node and the corresponding 230 load node can form a loop, which reduces the amount of power cables, reduces the cost of long-distance power supply and reduces the problem of poor power supply stability caused by cable damage.

[0056] Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of another long-distance underwater power supply system provided in embodiments of the present application.

[0057] A plurality of terminal power sources 210 may be provided in the power supply system, where the number of terminal power sources 210 is greater than or equal to two, the terminal power sources 210 comprise at least one first terminal power source and at least one second terminal power source, the first terminal power source and the second terminal power source are both electrically connected to the main track cable 240, and the output polarity of the first terminal power source is the inverse of that of the second terminal power source.

[0058] By way of example, two terminal power supplies 210 may be arranged in the power supply system. As shown in [Fig. 3], the power supply system may include a terminal power supply 210a and a terminal power supply 210b, in which the terminal power supply 210a may serve as the first terminal power supply, the terminal power supply 210b may serve as the second terminal power supply, the terminal power supply 210a and the terminal power supply 210b are arranged at two ends of the main track cable 240 respectively, and the output polarity of the terminal power supply 210a is the reverse of that of the terminal power supply 210b.

[0059] When two terminal power sources 210 are disposed in the power supply system, if both terminal power sources 210 are operating normally, each of the two terminal power sources 210 will produce 50% of the system voltage and 50% of the total power; if one of the terminal power sources 210 is severely defective, the power supply from the severely defective terminal power source 210 may be cut off; the other terminal power source 210 will supply 100% of the system voltage and 100% of the total power.

[0060] It should be noted that the structure having a plurality of terminal power sources 210 is only one possible implementation of the present application, and the connection method between the plurality of terminal power sources 210 and the main track cable 240 will not be specified in the present application.

[0061] Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a terminal power supply provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0062] As shown in [Fig. 4], the terminal power supply 210 of the power supply system may comprise a plurality of power supply modules 211, and the plurality of power supply modules are connected in series, in which the positive pole terminal of one of the power supply modules 211 serves as the output terminal of the terminal power supply 210 and is electrically connected to the 240 main track cable to provide a constant current to the 240 main track cable.

[0063] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the power supply module 211 also provides a constant current, so that the terminal power supply 210 can supply a corresponding constant current at its output terminal. Furthermore, a plurality of power supply modules 211 connected in series can provide a constant current at a higher voltage, thereby increasing the output power of the terminal power supply 210.

[0064] In embodiments of the present application, when the power supply modules 211 supply a current, the current value of the output current can be adjusted within a predefined current range, so that the output voltage and output power of each power supply module 211 are identical, which increases the output consistency of the terminal power supply 210 and also facilitates the adjustment of the output voltage to balance the output powers between the plurality of power supply modules 211 by precisely adjusting the output current, avoids heat concentration, and further promotes the stable and reliable long-term operation of the terminal power supply 210.

[0065] The [Fig.5] is a diagram of the current value and the voltage value or power of the output current provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0066] As shown in [Fig.5], in the embodiments of the present application, the predefined current range can be from 95% to 100% of the set current of the output current of the terminal power supply 210, noting the set current of the output current of the terminal power supply 210 as Io, the output current of the power supply module 211 can be adjusted in a range of 95%xI0 to Io.

[0067] It should be understood that the setpoint current of the terminal power supply 210 is the predefined value of the output current of the terminal power supply 210 when the output voltage is the maximum output voltage Umax or when the power is the maximum output power Pmax in the output state. For example, if the setpoint current Io is 2A, the adjustment range for the output current value of the power supply module 211 is from 1.9A to 2A.

[0068] In certain embodiments of the present application, the adjustment range of the output current value of the power supply module 211 may also be other values, for example, 97% to 100% of the indicated current Io. It should be noted that the setpoint current Io and the adjustment range of the output current value of the power supply module 211 above are the values ​​and ranges given by way of example in this application, and that the specific value of the setpoint current Io and the specific adjustment range of the output current value of the power supply module 211 may also be other values ​​and will not be specified in the embodiments of this application.

[0069] Taking the example of the terminal power supply 210 shown in [Fig.4], the terminal power supply 210 can be provided with three power supply modules 211, namely a power supply module 211a, a power supply module 211b and a power supply module 211c.In which the power supply module 211a, the power supply module 211b and the power supply module 21le are arranged in series, the negative output terminal of the power supply module 21la is electrically connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply module 211b, the negative output terminal of the power supply module 211b is electrically connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply module 21le, the negative output terminal of the power supply module 21le is grounded and the positive output terminal of the power supply module 21la is the output terminal of the terminal power supply 210. Thus, the stability of the output of the terminal power supply 210 is improved by connecting the power supply modules 211 in series.

[0070] Furthermore, the terminal power supply 210 may further comprise a plurality of first branch modules 212, the plurality of first branch modules 212 correspond in a one-to-one manner to the plurality of power supply modules 211, and the first branch modules 212 are electrically connected between the positive pole terminals (i.e. the positive output pole in the preceding embodiments) and the negative pole terminals (i.e. the negative output pole in the preceding embodiments) of the power supply modules 211 corresponding to the first branch modules 212.

[0071] Taking the example of the terminal power supply 210 which comprises three power supply modules 211, the terminal power supply 210 may comprise three first branch modules 212, namely a first branch module 212a, a first branch module 212b and a first branch module 212c. In which, two ends of the first branch module 212a are electrically connected to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the power supply module 211a respectively, and two ends of the first branch module 212b are electrically connected to the positive output terminal and to the negative output pole of the power supply module 211b respectively, and two ends of the first bypass module 212c are electrically connected to the positive output pole and the negative output pole of the power supply module 211c respectively.

[0072] By way of example, the first bypass module 212 may be a switching structure with a triggering structure such as a switch, a diode or a transistor, when the power source modules 211 are all in a normal operating state, each first bypass module 212 is in a disconnected state, so that the output current can pass through each power source module 211 successively when the power source modules 211 are connected in series.

[0073] When the power supply module 211 corresponding to one of the first branch modules 212 has an output anomaly, the first branch module 212 goes into a connected state to short-circuit the positive output pole and the negative output pole of the power supply module 211 corresponding to the first branch module 212, which prevents the output current of the other power supply modules 211 from passing through the power supply module 211 with the output anomaly and isolates the power supply module 211 with the output anomaly, thus increasing the stability of the output of the terminal power supply 210.

[0074] It should be understood that the output anomaly of the power supply module 211 includes the fact that the current value of the output current of the power supply module 211 is outside the predefined range of the current of the power supply module 211, taking the example of the range of the output current value of the power supply module 211 above of 95%xI0 to Iq, when the output current value of the power supply module 211 detected by the first bypass module 212 is not in this range, the positive output pole and the negative output pole of the power supply module 211 may be short-circuited to short-circuit the power supply module 211.

[0075] Furthermore, the first bypass module 212 can define a trigger current or a trigger voltage. When the output of the power supply module 211 is normal, the first bypass module 212 will not be triggered and therefore remains in a disconnected state. In this case, the power supply module 211 can normally supply an output current. When the output of the power supply module 211 is abnormal, the first bypass module 212 responds to the output anomaly; its positive and negative output terminals are connected outside the power supply module 211, thus putting the power supply module 211 above short-circuited to prevent any output anomaly from terminal power supply 210.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first bypass module 212 can also monitor in real time the output of the corresponding power supply module 211, for example monitor its output current, in order to control the power supply module 211. When the first bypass module 212 detects that the output current value of the power supply module 211 connected to it is not within the predefined current range, the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the power supply module 211 can be connected outside the power supply module 211, thereby isolating the power supply module and preventing the unstable output current from affecting the output of the terminal power supply 210.

[0077] By way of example, taking the case of an output anomaly of the power supply module 211b, the first bypass module 212b, when it detects an output anomaly of the power supply module 211b or is triggered by the output current of the power supply module 211b, connects the bypass channel on which the first bypass module 212b is located, so as to connect the positive output terminals and the negative output terminals of the power supply module 211b outside of the power supply module 211, so that the output currents of the power supply module 211a and the power supply module 211e do not pass through the power supply module 211b, thus isolating the power supply module 211b and preventing the power supply module 211 from exhibiting an output anomaly does not affect the stable output of the terminal power supply 210..

[0078] It should be noted that the structure of the first derivation module 212 in the preceding embodiments is only by way of example of the first derivation module 212 of the present application, the first derivation module 212 may also be other structures capable of performing the above functions, and the structure of the first derivation module 212 will not be specified in the embodiments of the present application.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, the arrangement of the power supply module 211 and the first bypass module 212 makes the power supply by the terminal power supply 210 more stable and reduces the probability of the problem occurring during the operation of the terminal power supply 210.

[0080] In certain embodiments of this application, where the power supply system comprises a plurality of terminal power sources 210, the output polarity of the terminal power source 210 can be switched by defining the structural parameters. As shown in [Fig.3], taking the example of the power system provided with two terminal power sources 210 as power source, the two terminal power sources 210, the main track cable 240 and the branch nodes 220 connected to the main track cable 240 constitute a main power supply track, and when a plurality of power source modules 211 in the terminal power source 210 are connected in series to provide a current, a polarity switching module 213 is also disposed at the connection between the power source module 211 and the main track cable 240, in order to switch the polarities of the two terminal power sources 210 constituting the main power supply track to meet the power supply demands.

[0081] By way of example, the polarity switching module 213 may include a polarity selector switch 2131, a first disconnector 2132, a second disconnector 2133, and a bypass switch 2134, wherein, when the two terminal power supplies 210 are in normal operation, the first disconnector 2132 and the second disconnector 2133 are in a connected state, and the bypass switch 2134 is in a disconnected state; furthermore, one terminal power supply 210 is switched to the positive polarity output through the polarity selector switch 2131, and the other terminal power supply 210 is switched to the negative polarity output through the polarity selector switch, so that the output current supplied by the plurality of power supply modules 211 can smoothly enter the main track cable 240.It should be noted that, when two 210 terminal power supplies are operating normally, each of the two 210 terminal power supplies produces 50% of the system voltage and 50% of the total power.

[0082] When one of the terminal power supplies 210 is severely faulty, the first disconnector 2132 and the second disconnector 2133 will be disconnected and the corresponding bypass switch 2134 will be connected, in order to isolate the faulty terminal power supply 210 and prevent any influence on the power supply from the power system. In this case, the other terminal power supply 210 of the power system provides 100% of the system voltage and 100% of the total power.

[0083] It should be noted that a serious fault in the terminal power supply 210 includes short circuit, open circuit and ground fault occurring in all power supply modules 211 of the terminal power supply 210, or short circuit, open circuit and ground fault occurring in the entire power supply terminal 210, the fault which occurs only in a small number of power supply modules 211 of the terminal power supply 210 will not trigger the action of the first disconnector 2132, the second disconnector 2133 and the bypass switch 2134, when a small number of power supply modules 211 are faulty, a treatment will be carried out by the first bypass module 212 in the embodiment above and is not repeated here.

[0084] In embodiments of the present application, by arranging a plurality of terminal power sources 210, the output power of a single terminal power source 210 is reduced, the redundancy of the power supply system is improved, the problem of poor power supply stability caused by faults of a single terminal power source 210 is reduced and the stability of the long-distance power supply is improved.

[0085] Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a derivation node provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0086] In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal power supply 210 provides a constant current to the main track cable 240 to supply the load node 230 connected to the branch node 220; in order to increase the efficiency of the power supply, the branch node 220 can convert a constant current transmitted by the main track cable 240 into a constant voltage current to supply the load node 230.

[0087] In certain embodiments of the present application, as shown in [Fig.6], the branch node 220 may include at least one constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221, the first terminal and second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 are electrically connected to the main track cable 240, the third terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 is electrically connected to the load node 230 via the branch track cable 250, and the fourth terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 is electrically connected to the submarine ground line 260.

[0088] Thus, the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 can receive a constant current supplied by the terminal power source 210 through the first or second terminal, and convert the constant current into a predefined constant voltage current and supply it to the load node 230 through the third terminal, the predefined voltage being identical to the operating voltage of the load node 230.

[0089] It should be understood that because there is a difference in operating voltage and power between the load nodes 230 connected to the different branch nodes 220, the voltage value of the constant voltage current supplied by the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 in each branch node 220 can be adjusted with the connected load nodes 230, in order to provide an appropriate current to each load node 230 to power it.

[0090] Furthermore, the branch node 220 further comprises a first isolation module 222 and at least one second branch module 223, and the number of second branch modules 223 in a branch node 220 depends on the number of constant current to constant voltage conversion modules 221 in the branch node 220. In certain embodiments of the present application, if the number of constant current to constant voltage conversion modules 221 in the branch node 220 is n, when n is equal to 1, the number of second branch modules 223 in the branch node 220 is also n, and when n is greater than 1, the number of second branch modules 223 in the branch node 220 is n+1.

[0091] In embodiments of the present application, the first isolation module 222 is used to connect or disconnect the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 from the main track cable 240, and the second branch module 223 is used to electrically connect the main track cable 240 to the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 after the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 is disconnected from the main track cable 240, in order to prevent faults in the branch node 220 from affecting the power supply to other stations on the main track cable 240.

[0092] In particular, the first isolation module 222 can be arranged between the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 and the main track cable 240, and the first isolation module 222 can be connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221, which allows, when a fault occurs on the branch track, the fault to be isolated in time, thus avoiding the influence on the power supply to other equipment of the underwater observation network by the power supply system.As an example, the first isolation module 222 can be a switching module disposed between the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 and the main track cable 240; this switching module can control the connection and disconnection between the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 and the main track cable 240 in response to the operating states of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 and the load node 230.

[0093] In certain embodiments of the present application, the first isolation module 222 may receive operating status information from the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 and the load node 230, in order to isolate faults in time when the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 or the load node 230 is faulty, by way of example, faults of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 or the load node 230 include short circuit, open circuit and ground fault which occur in the corresponding constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 or load node 230.

[0094] Thus, the first isolation module 222 can, once it has received fault information from the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 or the load node 230, disconnect the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 from the main track cable 240, in order to isolate the faulty node and improve the stability of the power supply.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, if the number of second branch modules 223 is one, the second branch module 223 can be arranged on the main track cable 240, one terminal of the second branch module 223 is connected to the first terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 through the first isolation module 222, and the other terminal of the second branch module 223 is connected to the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 through the first isolation module 222. Thus, once the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 is isolated by the first isolation module 222, the main track cable 240 is connected, thereby avoiding the problem of transmission interruption of the main track cable 240 after isolation.

[0096] In some embodiments, the second branch module 223 can also receive operating status information from the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 and the load node 230, in order to put the main track cable 240 connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 into connection when the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 or the load node 230 is defective, thus improving the efficiency of the handling of faults of the branch node 220.

[0097] Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of another derivation node provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0098] In some embodiments, the branch node 220 may comprise a plurality of constant current to constant voltage conversion modules 221 and a plurality of second branch modules 223, thus, by arranging the equipment redundant, when one of the constant current to constant voltage conversion modules 221 in the bypass node 220 is defective, the load node 230 can still be powered and the stability of the power supply by the power supply system is improved.

[0099] As shown in [Fig.7], the branch node 220 is provided with a constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a and a constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b, in which the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b is a redundant backup device for the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a, and in some embodiments, the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a may also be a redundant backup device for the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b, which will not be specified in this application.

[0100] The second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a is electrically connected to the first terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b, the first terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a is electrically connected to the main track cable 240 through the first isolation module 222, and the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b is electrically connected to the main track cable 240 through the first isolation module 222. Thus, the input of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a is identical to that of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b and the first isolation module 222 is capable of isolating faults.

[0101] In embodiments of the present application, where the branch node 220 is provided with two constant current to constant voltage conversion modules 221, the branch node 220 is provided with three second branch modules 223, namely a second branch module 223a, a second branch module 223b and a second branch module 223c. In which, the second branch module 223a is disposed on the main track cable 240, one terminal of the second branch module 223a is connected to the first terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a, and the other terminal of the second branch module 223a is connected to the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b.

[0102] And the second bypass module 223b is disposed between the first terminal and the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a, and the second bypass module 223c is disposed between the first terminal and the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b. When the branch node 220 is operating normally, the first isolation module 222 is in the connected state, and the second branch module 223a, the second branch module 223b and the second branch module 223c are all three in the disconnected state.

[0103] For example, when the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a is defective and the second bypass module 223b has detected this defect, the second bypass module 223b can connect the first terminal and the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a and thus isolate the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a, so that the defective constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221a does not affect the constant current conversion by the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b.

[0104] Similarly, when the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b is defective, the second bypass module 223c can respond to isolate the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221b, in order to prevent the fault from affecting the constant current conversion.

[0105] Furthermore, if the load node 230 connected to the branch node 220 is defective or if the constant current to constant voltage conversion modules 221a and 221b are both defective, in this case, the first isolation module 222 in the branch node 220 can respond to the fault by disconnecting the constant current to constant voltage conversion modules 221a and 221b from the main track cable 240, and the second branch module 223a can respond to the fault by putting the main track cable 240 in the branch node 220 into connection, thus preventing the fault from affecting the other branch nodes 220 on the main track cable 240.

[0106] The [Fig.8] is a structural diagram of a constant current to constant voltage conversion module provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0107] As shown in [Fig.8], the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 can include an input circuit 2211, a conversion circuit 2212 and an output circuit 2213, in which the input circuit 2211 is a circuit for receiving a constant current transmitted by the main track cable 240, the conversion circuit 2212 is a circuit for converting the constant current and the output circuit 2213 is a circuit for processing the constant voltage current obtained by the conversion and exporting it.

[0108] In particular, the input circuit 2211 is electrically connected to the first and second terminals of the constant current-to-constant voltage converter module 221, and the input circuit 2211 can receive and filter, through the first or second terminal of the constant current-to-constant voltage converter module constant 221, the constant current transmitted by the main track cable 240. The output terminal of the input circuit 2211 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the conversion circuit 2212, the output terminal of the conversion circuit 2212 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the output circuit 2213, and the input terminal of the conversion circuit 2212 receives a constant current filtered by the input circuit 2211, then converts it into a constant voltage current and supplies the constant voltage current to the output circuit 2213.

[0109] Simultaneously, once the output circuit 2213 receives the constant voltage current, it can also filter the constant voltage current to process the constant voltage current, thus improving the stability of the power supply. The output circuit 2213 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the constant voltage-to-constant current converter module 221 to transmit the filtered constant voltage current to the corresponding load node 230 via the third terminal of the constant voltage-to-constant current converter module 221. The output circuit 2213 can also be electrically connected to the fourth terminal of the constant voltage-to-constant current converter module 221 to achieve grounding.

[0110] In certain embodiments of the present application, as shown in [Fig.8], the conversion circuit 2212 may comprise a switching circuit 2212a, a main power transformer 2212b and a rectifier circuit 2212c, wherein the switching circuit 2212a may serve as the input terminal of the conversion circuit 2212 and is electrically connected to the input circuit 2211 and the main power transformer 2212b respectively, in order to receive a constant current and transmit it to the main power transformer 2212b for conversion, and the rectifier circuit 2212c is electrically connected to the main power transformer 2212b and the output circuit 2213 respectively, in order to rectify the current to constant voltage converted by the main power transformer 2212b and transmit it to the output circuit 2213.

[0111] It should be understood that the main power transformer 2212b comprises a primary side and a secondary side, the primary side being the electrical power input terminal of the transformer, and in the embodiments of this application, the primary side of the main power transformer 2212b is electrically connected to the switching circuit 2212a. And the secondary side is the electrical power output terminal of the transformer, and in the embodiments of this application, the secondary side of the main power transformer 2212b is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 2212c.

[0112] Furthermore, the primary side can transmit electrical energy from the power source to the transformer and convert electrical energy into energy magnetic under the effect of the phenomenon of magnetic induction, and the secondary side can transmit the electrical energy converted by the transformer to a load, in order to achieve the efficient use and distribution of electrical energy.

[0113] It can be seen from the structure of the transformer that, no direct contact exists between the primary and secondary sides, the electrical energy is transmitted by magnetic induction, therefore, the main power transformer 2212b is arranged on an electrical insulation strip, and the standard of insulation withstand voltage of the electrical insulation strip is specified according to the maximum operating voltage of the power supply system, and in the embodiments of the present application, the maximum operating voltage can be the maximum operating voltage of the terminal power supply 210 or the maximum voltage of the constant current to constant voltage converted by the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221, taking the higher of the two values.Thus, the fault caused by breakdown due to voltage on the high-voltage side of the transformer will be avoided, the electrical safety of the 221 constant current to constant voltage conversion module in normal operation is guaranteed, crosstalk between the signals on the primary and secondary sides will be avoided, and the operating stability of the 221 constant current to constant voltage conversion module will be improved.

[0114] In the embodiments of the present application, the operating voltages and operating powers of the load nodes 230 connected to the bypass node 220 are different, therefore the constant current to constant voltage conversion modules 221 for the conversion also have different structures, which allows the different constant voltage currents to be supplied using the same constant current.

[0115] As shown in [Fig. 8], the switching circuit 2212a comprises a plurality of switching transistors that form a switching circuit 2212a to control the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module 221. By way of example, the switching transistor is capable of adjusting the output voltage of the conversion circuit 2212 by adjusting the duty cycle via PWM (pulse-width modulation) control. In embodiments of this application, the duty cycle refers to the ratio of the time of the high-level pulse in a pulse cycle to the total cycle time; for example, a duty cycle of 50% refers to the time of the high-level pulse in a pulse cycle representing half of the total cycle time.

[0116] Taking the example of the conversion circuit 2212 corresponding to the high-power constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221, the switching circuit 2212a may comprise four switching transistors, The topological structure of the 2212a switching circuit is a full bridge topology. It should be noted that the high-power 221 constant current to constant voltage conversion module refers to the 221 constant current to constant voltage conversion module with a power rating of 1 kW or higher. The full bridge topology is a bridge structure formed by four identical switching transistors connected to each other. These four switching transistors are connected in diagonal pairs, with each pair forming a group. They are connected in series to the upper and lower ends of the primary side of the 2212b main power transformer, respectively, for the 2212a switching circuit.

[0117] In certain embodiments, the topological structure of the switching circuit 2212a may also be a phase-shifted full-bridge topology or a series resonant topology. The control method for the phase-shifted full-bridge topology consists of the upper and lower transistors of the different bridge arms being in the same switching state with a 50% duty cycle, and the output voltage being adjusted by adjusting the phases of the upper and lower transistors of the bridge arms. The control method for the series resonant topology consists of the upper and lower transistors of the different bridge arms being in complementary states with each other and each having a 50% duty cycle, and the output voltage being adjusted by adjusting the switching frequency. The specific topological structure of the switching circuit 2212a will not be specified in this application.

[0118] Furthermore, in embodiments of the present application, the rectifier element in the rectifier circuit 2212c may be a diode or a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), and the topological structure of the rectifier circuit 2212c may be a full bridge topological structure.

[0119] It should be noted that in the 2212a switching circuit with a full-bridge topology structure, the switching transistor may be an IGBT (Insulate-Gate Bipolar Transistor), and in embodiments of the present application, the switching transistor may also be other structures capable of performing the above functions, and the specific type of switching transistor will not be specified in the present application.

[0120] The [Fig.9] is a structural diagram of another constant current to constant voltage conversion module provided in embodiments of the present application.

[0121] Given that there are many observation devices in the underwater observation network and that the rated powers of the devices Given the different observation conditions, scenarios exist in which the rated power of the load node 230 connected to the branch node 220 is low. In these scenarios, the high-power constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 is not usable. In some embodiments of this application, as shown in [Fig. 9], if the rated power of the load node 230 connected to the branch node 220 is low, the number of switching transistors in the switching circuit 2212a in the branch node 220 can be two, and the topological structure of the switching circuit 2212a can be a half-bridge topology.

[0122] In particular, the half-bridge topology consists of two switching transistors (namely Q1 and Q2 in [Fig. 9]) and a capacitor. These two switching transistors operate alternately, which is equivalent to the output power of two switching power supplies. By way of example, taking a MOSFET as the switching transistor, the S (source) poles of Q1 and Q2 are connected to different potential points respectively; for example, the S pole of Q1 is connected to the transformer and the S pole of Q2 is grounded, in order to achieve alternating connection and disconnection.

[0123] It should be understood that the control mode of the 2212a switching circuit with a half-bridge topological structure is the same as that of the 2212a switching circuit with a full-bridge topological structure, and that the output voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle by PWM control.

[0124] In embodiments of the present application, the rectifier element in the rectifier circuit 2212c may be a diode or a MOSFET, and the rectifier circuit 2212c may be a total rectifier circuit, i.e. one terminals of the two rectifier elements are connected to the upper and lower ends of the secondary side of the main power transformer 2212b respectively, and the other terminals of the two rectifier elements are electrically connected to the output circuit 2213, in order to rectify the constant voltage current supplied by the main power transformer 2212b.

[0125] The [Fig. 10] is a structural diagram of a reaction circuit and a control circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0126] In the embodiments of the present application, as shown in [Fig. 10], the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 further comprises a feedback circuit 2214 and a control circuit 2215. The control circuit 2215 is disposed between the input circuit 2211 and the conversion circuit 2212, and the control circuit 2215 is used to receive control signals to control the conversion circuit 2212. Taking the example of the structure of the conversion circuit 2212 in the preceding embodiments, the circuit of The 2215 control can control the output of the 2212 conversion circuit by changing the duty cycle of the signal input to the 2212 conversion circuit.

[0127] Furthermore, the feedback circuit 2214 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the conversion circuit 2212 and to the control circuit 2215 respectively, in order to receive the constant voltage current supplied by the conversion circuit 2212 and generate, depending on the output of the conversion circuit 2212, a corresponding feedback signal and send it to the control circuit 2215, thus providing feedback on the output of the conversion circuit 2212, so that the control circuit 2215 activates the conversion circuit 2212 according to the feedback signal, thus, once the control circuit 2215 has received the feedback signal, it generates a control signal in response to the feedback signal and sends the control signal to the switching circuit 2212a in the conversion circuit 2212.

[0128] It should be understood that the feedback circuit 2214 must process the signal sent by the conversion circuit 2212 before the generation of the corresponding feedback signal.As an example, in order to perform the above function of generating the feedback signal, the feedback circuit 2214 is provided with an output voltage signal processing circuit, a pulse modulation circuit, a transformer circuit and a signal filter rectifier circuit. The output voltage signal processing circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the conversion circuit 2212. The pulse modulation circuit and the output voltage signal processing circuit are electrically connected to the primary side of the transformer circuit respectively, and the secondary side of the transformer circuit is electrically connected to the signal filter rectifier circuit. The signal filter rectifier circuit is also electrically connected to the control circuit 2215 to send a feedback signal to the control circuit 2215.

[0129] In which, the output voltage signal processing circuit consists mainly of an operational amplifier for proportionally converting the output voltage into a feedback signal, and the pulse modulation circuit modulates the output voltage signal of the conversion circuit 2212 by receiving a pulse signal at 50% duty cycle, in order to modulate the signal into an alternating current signal at 50% duty cycle and transmit it to the secondary side of the transformer circuit through the transformer circuit. The filter rectifier circuit restores the modulated signal at 50% duty cycle into a linear output voltage feedback signal and provides it to the corresponding control circuit 2215, and the control circuit 2215 receives the output voltage feedback signal and sends a drive signal to the switching circuit 2212a according to the different topologies.

[0130] It should be noted that the primary side of the transformer circuit is connected to the secondary side of the main power transformer 2212b via the rectifier circuit 2212c, and that the secondary side of the transformer circuit is connected to the primary side of the main power transformer 2212b via the control circuit 2215 and the switching circuit 2212a, therefore, for the main power transformer 2212b, the direction of signal transmission in the feedback circuit 2214 is in fact a direction of feedback signal transmission from the secondary side of the main power transformer 2212b to the primary side.

[0131] Furthermore, in addition to voltage conversion in the feedback circuit 2214, the transformer circuit also provides electrical isolation between the primary and secondary sides. In particular, it should be noted that, in embodiments of the present invention, the main power transformer 2212b, the transformer circuit, and the other transformers involved in electrical isolation between the primary and secondary sides are all located on the electrical insulation strip, and the insulation withstand voltage standard is designed as the maximum operating voltage of the system, so that the electrical safety of the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module 221 during normal operation is ensured and crosstalk between the signals on the primary and secondary sides is avoided.

[0132] The [Fig. 11] is a structural diagram of a load node provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0133] The bypass node 220 can generate a constant voltage current corresponding to the constant current using the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221, then the bypass node 220 is connected to the corresponding load node 230 and transmits the constant voltage current obtained by the conversion to the load node 230, in order to power the load node 230.

[0134] As shown in [Fig. 11], the load node 230 comprises at least one load equipment 231 and a second insulation module 232, in a scenario in which the branch node 220 is connected to the load node 230 via the branch track cable 250, the load equipment 231 is electrically connected to the branch track cable 250, and the second insulation module 232 is disposed on the branch track cable electrically connected to the load equipment 231.

[0135] When the charging equipment 231 is faulty, the second isolation module 232, in response to the fault, disconnects the faulty charging equipment 231 from the branch circuit cable 250, in order to isolate the faulty charging equipment 231, thus preventing further damage to the charging equipment 231 caused by the power supply. electrical power is supplied by the power system, while avoiding any influence on the power supply to other load nodes 230 and to the charging equipment 231 by the power system. In the embodiments of this application, a fault in the charging equipment 231 includes short circuits, open circuits, and ground faults occurring in the charging equipment 231.

[0136] As shown in [Fig. 11] (a), only one charging equipment 231 can be disposed in a charging node 230, thus the number of second isolation modules 232 disposed at the connection position between the charging equipment 231 and the branch track cable 250 is also one, and the second isolation module 232 can monitor the operating status of the charging equipment 231 to acquire information on the occurrence of a fault in the charging equipment 231. When the second isolation module 232 has detected that a fault occurs in the charging equipment 231, it disconnects the charging equipment 231 from the branch track cable 250, in order to isolate the faulty charging equipment 231.

[0137] In some embodiments, a load node 230 may comprise a plurality of load equipment 231, the load equipment 231 may be arranged in parallel in the load node 230 and, consequently, the load node 230 must be provided with second isolation modules 232 whose number is equal to the number of load equipment 231, in order to isolate respectively the defective equipment when the faults occur in different load equipment 231.

[0138] As shown in [Fig. 11] (b), two charging equipment 231 can be arranged in a charging node 230, namely charging equipment 231a and charging equipment 231b, with charging equipment 231a and charging equipment 231b arranged in parallel. A second isolation module 232a is disposed at the connection position between the charging equipment 231a and the branch track cable 250, a second isolation module 232b is disposed at the connection position between the charging equipment 231b and the branch track cable 250, the second isolation module 232a is adapted to monitor the operating status of the charging equipment 231a and the second isolation module 232b is adapted to monitor the operating status of the charging equipment 231b.When the second isolation module 232a or the second isolation module 232b has detected that a fault occurs in the corresponding charging equipment 231, it disconnects the corresponding charging equipment 231 from the branch track cable 250, in order to isolate the faulty charging equipment 231 from the power supply system to avoid the problem of poor power supply stability caused by faults in the charging equipment 231.

[0139] In certain embodiments of the present application, the first isolation module 222 and the second bypass module 223 in the bypass node 220 can acquire the operating state of the load node 230 based on the state of the second isolation module 232, and then adjust the connection state between the bypass node 220 and the main track cable 240. For example, if it is detected that each second isolation module 232 connected to the bypass node 220 is in a disconnected state, this means that all the load equipment 231 connected to the bypass node 220 is faulty; in this case, it is appropriate to cut off the power supply to the load equipment to improve the overall stability of the power supply by the power supply system.

[0140] It should be understood that the first isolation module 222 and the second bypass module 223 can acquire the operating state of the load node 230 depending on the state of the second isolation module 232, or acquire the operating state of the load node by directly detecting the load equipment 231, which will not be specified in this application.

[0141] The [Fig. 12] is a diagram of the connection method between a branch node and a load node provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0142] In certain embodiments of the present application, the branch node 220 can be electrically connected to the load node 230 via the branch track cable 250, and the load node 230 can be energized through the branch track cable 250. As shown in [Fig. 12] (a), the branch node 220 is electrically connected to one of the load nodes 230 via the branch track cable 250, and the constant voltage current converted by the branch node 220 is transmitted through the branch track cable 250 to the load node 230 to energize the load node 230.

[0143] In some other embodiments of the present application, there are also scenarios in which the number of load nodes 230 corresponding to the branch node 220 is greater than or equal to two, as shown in [Fig. 12] (b), where the number of load nodes 230 connected to the branch node 220 is two, the load nodes 230 can be connected in parallel on the branch track cable 250 corresponding to the branch node 220, in order to receive a constant current supplied by the branch node 220, in this case, the input voltage of each load node 230 is less than or equal to the voltage of the constant voltage current supplied by the branch node 220, and the input power of each load node 230 is less than or equal to the power of the constant voltage current supplied by the branch node 220.

[0144] In certain other embodiments of the present application, as shown in [Fig. 12] (c), a branch node 220 can be connected to two load nodes 230 or more. For example, load node 230a is electrically connected to branch node 220 via branch track cable 250, and load nodes 230b and 230c are electrically connected to load node 230a respectively, so that load nodes 230b and 230c can receive a constant voltage current supplied by branch node 220 via branch track cable 250 and load node 230a. In embodiments of this application, where one branch node 220 corresponds to a plurality of load nodes 230, the plurality of load nodes 230 are all arranged in a co-located manner, thus constituting a power supply loop.

[0145] It should be noted that the plurality of load nodes 230 can be connected in series on a branch track cable 250 connected to a branch node 220, and the connection between the plurality of load nodes 230 and a branch node 220 will not be specified in this application.

[0146] The [Fig. 13] is a diagram of the connection method between another branch node and a load node provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0147] Since mobile observation equipment may be provided in the underwater observation system, the movement of the mobile load node 230 will be limited when it connects to the branch node 220 via the branch track cable 250, a better observation effect cannot be obtained, therefore, in some other embodiments of the present application, the transmission of electrical energy between the load node 230 and the branch node 220 may also be achieved by indirect connection.

[0148] As shown in [Fig. 13], when the load node 230 is a mobile load node, the bypass node 220 includes a first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224, the load node 230 may include a second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233, and the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224 and the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233 may be electromagnetically coupled for the connection between the bypass node 220 and the load node 230.

[0149] In which, the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233 is electrically connected to a load device 231 in the load node 230, the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224 can convert the constant current received by the bypass node 220 into the corresponding magnetic field, and the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233 can, after the second conversion module constant current to constant voltage 233 was coupled to the magnetic field generated by the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224, generating a corresponding constant voltage current as a function of the magnetic field in order to power the charging equipment 231.

[0150] It should be understood that the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224 and the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233 cooperate to realize the functions of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 above, therefore the structures of the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224 and the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233 are similar to that of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 in the previous embodiments.In particular, the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224 can be the components of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 connected to the primary side of the main power transformer 2212b via a cable, i.e. the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224 can perform the functions of the primary side of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221.And the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233 can be the components of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221 connected to the secondary side of the main power transformer 2212b via a cable, i.e. the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233 can perform the functions of the secondary side of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module 221, and the structures and achievable functions of the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224 and the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233 will not be described in this application.

[0151] Thus, once the mobile charging node 230 has moved into the electromagnetic coupling range of the bypass node 220, the transmission of electrical energy is carried out by the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module 224 and the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module 233, thereby achieving wireless transmission of electrical energy, which completes the access modes of the charging node 230 and allows the power supply system to power the mobile equipment of the underwater observation network.

[0152] By reading the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and simplicity of description, the division of the above functional modules is described by way of example, and in the In real-world applications, the distribution of the above functions can be supplemented by different functional modules as needed; that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0153] In the various embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic; for instance, the division of modules or units is merely a division of logical functions, and other divisions exist for actual implementations. For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or certain features may be ignored or not implemented. On the other hand, the mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections of the devices or units via interfaces, which may be electrical, mechanical, or otherwise.

[0154] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated; the components illustrated as units may be one or more physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may also be distributed across a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be chosen according to the actual needs to achieve the objective of the solutions in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0155] The above description is only the specific implementation forms of this application; instead, to limit the scope of protection of this application, any modifications or replacements in the technical framework disclosed by this application must be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application must be subject to the scope of protection claimed by the claims.

Claims

Demands

1. Long-range underwater power supply system, characterized in that it is used in an underwater observation system, the underwater observation system comprising a plurality of load nodes (230), and the power supply system comprising at least one terminal power source (210) and a plurality of branch nodes, in which, - the terminal power source is electrically connected to the plurality of branch nodes (220) successively via a main track cable (240), and the terminal power source is configured to supply a constant current to the main track cable;- the plurality of branch nodes (220) are connected respectively to the load nodes (230) corresponding to the branch nodes (220), one branch node corresponds to at least one load node, and the branch node is electrically connected to the load node via a branch track cable, each branch node and each load node are respectively connected to a submarine ground line, and the branch nodes and the load nodes corresponding to the branch nodes generate a return current through the submarine ground line; - the branch nodes (220) are configured to convert a constant current transmitted by the main track cable (240) into a constant voltage current and supply the constant voltage current to the load nodes (230).

2. Long-distance underwater power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that - the terminal power supply (210) comprises a plurality of power supply modules (211), the plurality of power supply modules are connected in series and a positive pole terminal of one of the power supply modules is electrically connected to the main track cable.

3. Long-range underwater power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that - the terminal power supply (210) further comprises a plurality of first bypass modules (212), the plurality The first bypass modules correspond one-to-one with the plurality of power source modules (211), and the first bypass modules are electrically connected between positive pole terminals and negative pole terminals of the power source modules corresponding to the first bypass modules; - the first bypass module (212) is configured so that: in response to an output anomaly of the corresponding power source module, the first bypass module goes into a connection state to short-circuit the positive pole terminal and the negative pole terminal of the corresponding power source module; the output anomaly including the fact that the value of the output current of the power source module is outside a predefined range of the power source module current.

4. Long-range underwater power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, - the plurality of power supply modules (211) are configured to adjust the current value of the output current within the predefined range of current at output, so that the output voltage and output power of each power supply module are identical.

5. A long-distance subsea power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: - the branch node (220) comprises at least one constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module (221), a first terminal and a second terminal of the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module are electrically connected to the main track cable (240), a third terminal of the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module is electrically connected to the load node via the branch track cable, and a fourth terminal of the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module is electrically connected to the subsea grounding line; - the constant current-to-constant voltage conversion module is configured to receive, through the first or second terminal, a constant current supplied by the power source terminal, and convert the constant current into a predefined constant voltage current and supply it to the load node through the third terminal.

6. Long-distance subsea power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that, - the branch node (220) further comprises a first isolation module (222) and at least a second branch module (223); - the first isolation module (222) is disposed between the constant current to constant voltage conversion module (221) and the main track cable, and the first isolation module is configured to disconnect the constant current to constant voltage conversion module from the main track cable in response to a fault in the constant current to constant voltage conversion module or the load node, the fault comprising short circuit, open circuit and ground fault occurring in the constant current to constant voltage conversion module and the corresponding load node;- the second bypass module (223) is arranged on the main track cable (240), one terminal of the second bypass module is connected to the first terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module through the first isolation module, and the other terminal of the second bypass module is connected to the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module through the first isolation module, and the second bypass module is configured to put the main track cable electrically connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module in connection in response to a fault of the constant current to constant voltage conversion module or the load node.;

7. Long-range underwater power supply system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: - the constant current to constant voltage conversion module (221) comprises an input circuit (2211), a conversion circuit (2212), and an output circuit (2213); the input circuit is electrically connected to the first and second terminals, and the input circuit is configured to receive and filter, through the first or second terminal, the constant current transmitted by the main track cable; - the conversion circuit is electrically connected to the input circuit and the output circuit respectively, and the conversion circuit is configured to, in response to the constant current filtered by the input circuit, convert the constant current into a constant voltage current; - the output circuit is electrically connected to the third terminal, and the output circuit is configured to filter the constant voltage current generated by the conversion circuit and export it through the third terminal.

8. Long-range underwater power supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that, - the conversion circuit (2212) comprises a switching circuit (2212a), a main power transformer (2212b) and a rectifier circuit (2212c), the switching circuit is electrically connected to the input circuit and the main power transformer respectively, the rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the main power transformer and the output circuit respectively, and the main power transformer is disposed on an electrically insulated strip.

9. Long-range underwater power supply system according to claim 8, characterized in that, - a topological structure of the switching circuit (2212a) comprises one of the full-bridge topology and the half-bridge topology; - the switching circuit comprises a switching transistor, which is one of the insulated-gate bipolar transistor and the semiconductor metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

10. Long-range underwater power supply system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, - the constant current to constant voltage conversion module (221) further comprises a feedback circuit (2214) and a control circuit (2215), the control circuit is disposed between the input circuit and the conversion circuit, and the feedback circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the conversion circuit and to the control circuit respectively; - the feedback circuit is configured to, in response to the output voltage of the conversion circuit, generate a feedback signal and send the feedback signal to the control circuit; and - the control circuit is configured to, in response to the feedback signal, generate a control signal and send the control signal to the conversion circuit.

11. Long-distance subsea power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, if the number of load nodes (230) corresponding to the branch node is greater than or equal to two, the load nodes are connected in series and / or in parallel on the branch track cable (250) corresponding to the branch node; the input voltage of each load node is less than or equal to the constant voltage current supplied by the branch node, and the input power of each load node is less than or equal to the constant voltage current power supplied by the branch node.

12. A long-distance subsea power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: - the load node (230) comprises at least one load unit (231) and a second isolation module (232), the load unit is electrically connected to the branch line cable, and the second isolation module is disposed on the branch line cable which is electrically connected to the load unit; - the second isolation module (232) is configured so that: in response to a fault in the load unit, the second isolation module disconnects the load unit from the branch line cable to stop the operation of the faulty load unit; the fault includes short circuit, open circuit and ground fault occurring in the load unit.

13. Long-distance underwater power supply system according to claim 12, characterized in that, - if the load node (230) is a mobile load node, the bypass node (220) comprises a first constant current to constant voltage conversion module (224), the load node includes a second constant current to constant voltage conversion module (233), and the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module and the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module are electromagnetically coupled to make a connection between the bypass node and the load node; the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module is electrically connected to a load equipment in the load node; - the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module is configured to convert the constant current received by the bypass node into the corresponding magnetic field;- the second constant current to constant voltage conversion module is configured to perform coupling in response to the magnetic field generated by the first constant current to constant voltage conversion module and generate a corresponding constant voltage current as a function of the magnetic field in order to power the charging equipment.

14. Long-range underwater power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, if the number of terminal power sources (210) is greater than or equal to two, the terminal power sources comprise at least one first terminal power source and at least one second terminal power source, the first terminal power source and the second terminal power source are both electrically connected to the main track cable (240), and the output polarity of the first terminal power source is the inverse of that of the second terminal power source.

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