Mechanical jar, method and system

Abstract

A mechanical jar including a housing, a piston disposed in the housing and responsive to applied fluid pressure to move in a first direction relative to the housing, a biasing arrangement disposed in

Description

03 02 25 CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application No. 17 / 412629, filed 5 on August 26, 2021, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the resource recovery and fluid sequestration industries, tools sometimes become stuck. “Jars” are known as a concept and employ various complicated mechanical 10 means or energetic material means, for example, to generate the “jar” near a stuck component in the hopes that the stuck component will free up. While various known mechanisms work for the purpose, there are many distinct situations and conditions that generate the need for ajar and there are not always devices known that can be used in such situations. Accordingly, the art will well receive additional alternative jar mechanisms 15 to provide a broader range of utilities. SUMMARY

[0003] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mechanical jar as claimed in claim 1. 20

[0004] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for jarring a component downhole as claimed in claim 7.

[0005] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wellbore system as claimed in claim 10. 25 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] The following descriptions should not be considered limiting in any way. With reference to the accompanying drawings, like elements are numbered alike:

[0007] Figure 1 is a section view of ajar in a resting position as disclosed herein;

[0008] Figure 2 is a section view of the same jar as illustrated in Figure 1 but in a 30 pressure activated position;

[0009] Figure 3 is again the same jar but illustrated in a set position;

[0010] Figure 4 is the same jar in a released position; and

[0011] Figure 5 is a view of a wellbore system including the jar disclosed herein. 03 02 25 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and method are presented herein by way of exemplification and not limitation with reference to the Figures. 5

[0013] Referring to Figure 1, a mechanical jar 10 is illustrated in a resting position. The jar 10 includes a housing 12, within which is disposed a movable piston 14. The piston 14 is movable based upon application of fluid pressure through a port 16 and also movable based upon force provided by a biasing arrangement 18. The piston 14 may be cycled back and forth by applying fluid pressure to the port 16, which compresses the biasing 10 arrangement 18 to some degree and then by reducing the applied pressure to the port 16 to allow the biasing arrangement 18 to force the piston 14 back to its resting position (or beyond under circumstances discussed below). Application of fluid pressure and reduction thereof is an operating principle both for initial setting of the jar and for ultimate actuation of the jar. This will become clear below. 15

[0014] An incrementing feature 20 is included. The incrementing feature is interactive with the jar to dictate a number of pressure events before the jar is settable. This allows for other anticipated well operations prior to actuation of the jar. The incrementing feature is a J-slot. With an incrementing feature, a specific pattern of pressure events may be employed to “address” the jar 10 and allow it to move into a set position. Incrementing 20 features operating in this way for other tools are known to the industry and therefore require no specific teaching.

[0015] Referring to Figure 2, pressure is being applied to the port 16. It is evident in the illustration that the piston 14 has moved to the left in the Figure compressing, to a degree, the biasing arrangement 18. It will also be appreciated that the piston 14 is connected to a 25 connector 22 that interacts with the incrementing feature 20 and dictates when the piston 14 may be moved all the way to the left or all the way to the right of the figure. The force of the compressed biasing arrangement 18 is now available to force the piston 14 back toward the right of the figure when the applied pressure through port 16 is reduced. The sequence may need to occur several times prior to the incrementing feature allowing a full stroke of the 30 piston 14 and thereby actuation of the jar depending upon how many increments and what type of incrementing the incrementing feature 20 dictates. Once the preselected increments have been reached, and the piston 14 is free to move through its full stroke, the force stored in the biasing arrangement 18 is applied to the piston and through the piston 14 to a restraint 24. The restraint 24 is configured to hold a portion of available force applied by the biasing 03 02 25 arrangement 18 but not all of the force. This is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. More specifically, it is to be understood that the restraint 24 is configured to release at a threshold amount of force that is lower than the total amount of force that can be applied by the biasing arrangement 18. Stated alternately, the jar 10 is always configured with greater force 5 capability in the biasing arrangement 18 than restraining capability of the restraint 24. This can be accomplished through the use of shear members, collets, rupture member, etc. as the restraint 24. For example, the force available from biasing arrangement 18 may be 100 lbs (45.4 kg) and the restraint may be configured to release at 80 lbs (36.3 kg). In such situation, force will build on the restraint until it reaches its release threshold and then the force would 10 be suddenly released. It is the sudden release that provides the utility of the presently disclosed mechanical jar 10. The sudden release allows an operator to provide an impact force with one of the piston 14, connector 22, or a component attached thereto to a target component (not shown) that may be stuck. The jar herein is simple and reliable and if the restraint 24 is a resettable type such as a collet, then the jar may be used more than once 15 without being tripped out of the borehole.

[0016] Referring to Figure 5, a wellbore system 30 is illustrated. The system 30 includes a borehole 32 in a subsurface formation 34. A string 36 is disposed in the borehole 32. A mechanical jar 10 is disposed within or as a part of the string 36.

[0017] The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and similar referents in the 20 context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Further, it should be noted that the terms “first,” “second,” and the like herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms “about”, “substantially” and “generally” 25 are intended to include the degree of error associated with measurement of the particular quantity based upon the equipment available at the time of filing the application. For example, “about” and / or “substantially” and / or “generally” can include a range of ± 8% or 5%, or 2% of a given value.

[0018] The teachings of the present disclosure may be used in a variety of well 30 operations. Illustrative well operations include, but are not limited to drilling, hydraulic fracturing, stimulation, cleaning, etc.

[0019] While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this 5 invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims. Also, in the drawings and the description, there have been disclosed exemplary embodiments of the invention and, although specific terms may have been employed, they are unless otherwise stated used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention therefore not being so limited. 10 03 02 25 03 02 25

Claims

1. A mechanical j ar (10) characterized by:a housing (12);a piston (14) disposed in the housing (12) and responsive to applied fluid pressure to move in a first direction relative to the housing (12);a biasing arrangement (18) disposed in the housing (12) and configured to bias the piston (14) in a second direction opposite the first direction;a restraint (24) configured to prevent movement of the piston (14) in the second direction until a threshold force is applied to the restraint by the piston (14), whereafter the piston (14) suddenly moves in the second direction; andan incrementing feature (20) preventing movement of the piston (14) in the first direction until a selected number of pressure events is received by the incrementing feature (20), wherein the incrementing feature (20) is a J-slot.

2. The mechanical jar (10) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the piston (14) includes a connection member (22) connected to the incrementing feature (20).

3. The mechanical jar (10) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the biasing arrangement (18) is a spring.

4. The mechanical jar (10) as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the restraint (24) is a shear member.

5. The mechanical jar (10) as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the restraint (24) is a rupture member.

6. The mechanical jar (10) as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the restraint (24) is a collet.

7. A method for jarring a component downhole characterized by:running a mechanical jar (10) as claimed in any preceding claim into proximity to a component to be jarred;pressuring up on the jar (10);applying biasing arrangement force (18) through the piston (14) to the restraint (24) in the housing (12);causing release of the restraint (24); andsuddenly releasing the biasing arrangement (18) force.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7 further including cycling pressure up events to cycle the incrementing feature (20) associated with the mechanical jar (10).

9. The method as claimed in claim 7 or 8 further including impacting a target using the suddenly released biasing arrangement (18) force.

10. A wellbore system (30) characterized by:a borehole (32) in a subsurface formation (34);a string (36) disposed in the borehole (32);a mechanical jar (10) as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6 disposed within or as a part of the string (36).03 02 25

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