Automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power, and control method therefor

Abstract

An automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power, and a control method therefor. The photovoltaic device comprises a light converging and collecting device, wherein the light converg

Description

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of solar power generation, and in particular relates to an automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power, which may automatically track a sunlight direction without needing external power, and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solar photovoltaic power generation, as a clean energy generation method, has been used more widely, a light collecting effect of a fixed photovoltaic panel is often affected by changes of factors such as a daily sunlight angle and sunlight angles in different seasons of a year, and a specific change in each place is different. If the fixed photovoltaic panel is used, solar energy often cannot be fully and effectively utilized. Chinese patent CN106972815A discloses an intelligent-type high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation device for a power system, and a main structure of the device comprises a pedestal, a supporting column and a plurality of power generation assemblies, wherein the power generation assembly comprises a fixed plate, a supporting plate, a circular ring, two lifting units and two power generation units, the lifting unit is in transmission connection with the supporting plate, the lifting unit is in transmission connection with the circular ring, the power generation unit comprises a bottom plate, an air pump, a solar panel and a plurality of supporting units, and the supporting unit comprises an air pipe, an air cylinder, a piston, a cross rod, a vertical rod, a first sliding ring and a frame. The intelligent-type high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation device for the power system detects a light direction by a photometry unit, and adjusts heights of the supporting units to change an angle of the solar panel to fully absorb sunlight. However, the adjustment refers to completing direction adjustment of a concentrator plate by a plurality of driving motors, which needs input external power to make the motors act, so that the structure is complicated and the reliability is low. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide an automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power, which may make a solar panel automatically track a sunlight direction without needing external power to improve power generation efficiency, and another objective of the present disclosure is to provide a method for controlling the device.

[0004] The objective of the present disclosure is achieved as follows: an automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power comprises a light concentrating and collecting apparatus, wherein the light concentrating and collecting apparatus comprises a concentrator plate, a plurality of solar panels are installed on the concentrator plate, the concentrator plate is installed on a support by an adjusting apparatus, a light detecting cover is installed in a position without any influence on photometry outside the light concentrating and collecting apparatus, a plurality of photometer plates are arranged on the photometer hood, and the photometer plates transmit detection information to a control system; and the adjusting apparatus comprises an illuminator, and the illuminator is connected with a luffing cylinder and a rotary cylinder respectively by a pneumatic control valve and an air supply pipe.

[0005] The illuminator has a transparent structure, a transparent cover is arranged on the illuminator, and a concentrator wing is further installed on the illuminator.

[0006] A safety valve and a one-way air supply valve are installed on the illuminator.

[0007] The one-way air supply valve is communicated with the illuminator, an air supply valve cover plate of the one-way air supply valve is connected with a valve body of the one-way air supply valve through a hinge point, the valve body is provided with an air supply valve orifice, and a hinge point return spring is arranged at the hinge point for resetting the air supply valve cover plate.

[0008] One end of the rotary cylinder is installed on the support, and the other end of the rotary cylinder is connected with a rotary platform.

[0009] One end of the luffing cylinder is connected with the rotary platform, and the other end of the luffing cylinder is connected with the concentrator plate.

[0010] The rotary platform is installed on an upper portion of the support through a rotating hinge.

[0011] A high-pressure tank is arranged in the illuminator, and the pneumatic control valve is communicated with the high-pressure tank; a second one-way air exchange valve is arranged between the high-pressure tank and an interior of the illuminator; and an insulation layer is arranged outside the high-pressure tank.

[0012] The light detecting cover is installed on a foundation platform through the support, a signal transceiver, a control box and a storage battery are matched with and installed on the foundation platform, and the signal transceiver, the control box and the storage battery are connected with the illuminator through a power supply circuit or a signal line. The light detecting cover has a hemispherical structure, and is provided with the plurality of small blocky photometer plates, and each photometer plate has a unique position number and an independent light sensing system in the system.

[0013] The pneumatic control valve mainly consists of a solenoid valve, a valve seat, a valve rod, a return spring and a valve core, the valve core cooperates with an air passage by the return spring in a normally closed manner, and the pneumatic control valve is further provided with a signal transceiver, a frequency modulation rectifier and a battery, and used for communication signal transmission and power supply in a working process.

[0014] The luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder are matched and provided with a stroke encoder, a return spring, a signal transceiver and a program-controlled exhaust valve, the stroke encoder is used for precise stroke control, the return spring and the program-controlled exhaust valve are used for cylinder exhaust and piston return, and the signal transceiver is used for signal reception and transmission.

[0015] A method for controlling the automatically adjustable photovoltaic device without external power comprises the following steps of: step 1): determining control parameters through photometry: transmitting an illumination orientation parameter currently detected by the light detecting cover to the control system, carrying out comparison, analysis and calculation in combination with current angle and position parameters of the concentrator plate by the control system to determine parameters to be adjusted for the concentrator plate, and accurately determining lengths to be adjusted for the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder; step 2): generating an air pressure: heating air inside the illuminator by sunlight passing through the transparent cover of the illuminator, assisting in light concentrating by the concentrator wings on two sides of the illuminatorto further reflect and gather the sunlight into the transparent cover to jointly heat air in the illuminator, and heating sealed air in the illuminator by the sunlight in the above manner to increase the air pressure in the illuminator; step 3): transmitting the air pressure: accurately controlling the air with the increased air pressure in the illuminator by the control system to pass through the pneumatic control valve, and conveying the high-pressure air to the luffing cylinder or the rotary cylinder under control of the control system; step 4): controlling the concentrator plate: receiving the high-pressure air from the pneumatic control valve by the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder, and then respectively controlling the concentrator plate and the rotary platform to rotate according to data analyzed, compared and calculated by the control system to control a direction of the concentrator plate to better collect the sunlight;

[0016] step 5): controlling automatic air compensation: when the air inside the illuminator leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than an outside atmospheric pressure, automatically pushing the air supply valve cover plate of the air compensating valve open for air compensation; and when internal and external air pressures are balanced, automatically closing the air supply valve cover plate under an action of the hinge point return spring 16 to achieve the purpose of automatic air compensation; and

[0017] step 6): controlling safety: further arranging the safety valve on an upper portion of the illuminator, and when the air pressure in the illuminator is too high, releasing the pressure to ensure the safety.

[0018] The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power and the control method thereof provided by the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects. (1) The present disclosure adopts a novel illuminator design without external power: the transparent illuminator is arranged on the support of the light concentrating and collecting apparatus or other positions convenient for light collection, which is convenient for sunlight to pass through the transparent cover to heat the air inside the illuminator; meanwhile, the arc-shaped concentrator wings are arranged on two sides of a shell of the illuminator to further reflect and gather the sunlight into the transparent coverto further heat the air inside the illuminator; air or other suitable gas is sealed inside the illuminator in a sealed manner, and the sealed gas in the illuminator is heated by the sunlight, so that the air pressure in the illuminator is increased; under the control of the pneumatic control valve, the high-pressure gas is stored in the high-pressure pipe first, and then conveyed to the luffing cylinder or the rotary cylinder under control of the control system for controlling the concentrator plate, so that the sunlight may be better collected; and under the irradiation of the sunlight during the day, an action of the concentrator plate is controlled after the air pressure in the illuminator is increased, under reduced temperature at the night, the air pressure in the illuminator is decreased, and under the control of the pneumatic control valve of the control system, the concentrator plate returns to an initial orientation of daily sun rise to collect morning sunlight to realize program-controlled automatic control every day and recycling.

[0019] (2) According to the safety design of the illuminator, the illuminator is further provided with the one-way air supply valve, and by arranging the hinge point, the hinge point return spring, the air supply valve cover plate and other components, when the air inside the illuminator leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than an outside atmospheric pressure, the air supply valve cover plate of the air compensating valve can be automatically pushed open for automatic air compensation due to the higher outside atmospheric pressure; and after internal and external air pressures are balanced, the air supply valve cover plate is automatically closed under an action of the hinge point return spring to achieve the effect of automatic air compensation. The upper portion of the illuminator is further provided with the safety valve, and when the air pressure in the illuminator is too high, the pressure is released to ensure the safety. Compared with a traditional sealed inflatable air tank, this design does not need manual air compensation, realizes automatic air compensation, is simple in operation and maintenance, and greatly reduces a workload.

[0020] (3) The adjusting apparatus is convenient and simple. The present disclosure simply and reliably realizes a position change of a solar photovoltaic panel by the luffing cylinder, the pneumatic control valve, the rotary cylinder, the rotary platform, the rotating hinge and other components, so that the solar panel always corresponds to the sunlight, thus improving power generation efficiency.

[0021] To sum up, in the present disclosure, by utilizing the illuminator and other components, only solar energy is used without other external energy sources to realize the position change of the solar photovoltaic panel, which improves the power generation efficiency, reduces the maintenance cost, shows the optimal energy-saving effect, and realize high practicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The present disclosure is further described hereinafter with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0023] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is a schematic installation diagram of the present disclosure; FIG. 3 is a front view of an illuminator of the present disclosure; FIG. 4 is a side view of the illuminator of the present disclosure; FIG. 5 is a front view of a one-way air supply valve of the present disclosure; FIG. 6 is a side view of the one-way air supply valve of the present disclosure; FIG. 7 is a principle diagram of a pneumatic control valve of the present disclosure; and FIG. 8 is a principle diagram of a luffing cylinder and a rotary cylinder of the present disclosure.

[0024] In the drawings, 1: concentrator plate; 2: support; 3: solar panel; 4: photometer hood; 5: illuminator; 6: pneumatic control valve; 7: air supply pipe; 8: luffing cylinder; 9: rotary cylinder; 10: transparent cover; 11: concentrator wing; 12: safety valve; 13: one-way air supply valve; 14: air supply valve cover plate; 15: hinge point; 16: hinge point return spring; 17: air supply valve orifice; 18: rotary platform; 19: rotating hinge; 20: high-pressure tank; 21: insulation layer; 22: second oneway air supply valve; 23: control box; 24: signal transceiver; 25: storage battery; 26: solenoid valve stem; 27: valve seat; 28: valve core; 29: solenoid valve; 30: return spring; 31: air passage; 32: frequency modulation rectifier; 33: battery; 34: stroke encoder; 35: piston; 36: piston return spring; 37: program-controlled exhaust valve; 38: intake valve; 39: photometer plate; a: outer wall of illuminator; and b: foundation platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiment: An automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power mainly comprises a light concentrating and collecting apparatus, an adjusting apparatus, a light detecting apparatus and a system control apparatus.

[0026] The light concentrating and collecting apparatus mainly comprises a photovoltaic collecting apparatus, which mainly comprises a concentrator plate 1, a support 2, and the like.

[0027] The adjusting apparatus is an angle and amplitude adjusting apparatus of the photovoltaic collecting apparatus, and mainly comprises an illuminator 5, a luffing cylinder 8, a pneumatic control valve 6, a rotary cylinder 9, a rotary platform 18, a rotating hinge 19, and the like. The illuminator 5 mainly comprises a concentrator wing 11, a transparent cover 10, a safety valve 12, an one-way air supply valve 13, a high-pressure tank 20, a second one-way air supply valve 22 and the like, and automatic pressurized driving is formed through illumination.

[0028] The light detecting apparatus is a light detecting and analyzing apparatus, which mainly comprises a light detecting cover 4, a support 2 and the like, and a large number of solar panels arranged on the light detecting cover 4, as well as a signal transceiver, a control box, a storage battery and the like which are arranged on and matched with the light detecting cover 4.

[0029] The system control apparatus is composed of a local control system, a remote control system, a built-in analysis and calculation program, and the like.

[0030] The specific structure is as follows: an automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power comprises a light concentrating apparatus which comprises a concentrator plate 1. A plurality of solar panels 3 are installed on the concentrator plate 1, and the concentrator plate 1 is installed on a support 2 through an adjusting apparatus. A photometer hood 4 is installed in a position without any influence on photometry outside the light concentrating and collecting apparatus, a plurality of photometer plates 39 are arranged on the light concentrating cover 4, and the photometer plates 39 transmit detection information to a control system. The adjusting apparatus comprises an illuminator 5, and the illuminator 5 is connected with a luffing cylinder 8 and a rotary cylinder 9 respectively by an air supply pipe 7 through a pneumatic control valve 6.

[0031] The illuminator 5 and the high-pressure tank 20 are arranged in an integrated way. The illuminator 5 and the high-pressure tank 20 are separated by a partition plate, and the partition plate is provided with a one-way air supply valve, which restricts air from flowing from the illuminator 5 to the high-pressure tank only in one direction and cannot compensate air in an opposite direction, which means that, when an air pressure in the illuminator 5 is higher than that in the high-pressure tank, air may be compensated to the high-pressure tank, but when the air pressure in the high-pressure tank is higher than that in the illuminator 5, air cannot be compensated to the illuminator 5. A structure of the one-way air supply valve is consistent with that of a one-way air supply valve 13 arranged on the transparent cover of the illuminator 5. An insulation layer is arranged outside the high-pressure tank, so that the air in the high-pressure tank can keep warm and maintain pressure. A volume of the high-pressure tank is designed according to adjustment requirements of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder, and an air storage capacity can meet the adjustment requirements of the concentrator plate, the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder for at least 3 days.

[0032] The pneumatic control valve 6 is of a solenoid valve body structure, and a return spring is arranged on a valve core. Components such as a signal transceiver, a frequency modulation rectifier, a battery and the like are further arranged outside the valve body.

[0033] Internal structures of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder are similar, except for a cylinder body, a piston and a piston rod and air inlet which are similar to ordinary cylinders, there are also innovative apparatuses such as a pull-rope stroke encoder, a return spring, a program-controlled exhaust valve, and a signal transceiver. The return spring is used to assist the piston to return, and the stroke encoder is used to accurately determine a stroke position of the piston. On the basis of receiving a control signal of the remote control system by the signal transceiver, an air inlet control valve is connected to the air inlet and a program-controlled exhaust valve is connected to an air outlet, which accurately controls the air inlet and exhaust by receiving the signal through the signal transceiver. The illuminator 5 in the present disclosure is of a transparent structure, which may be designed to be wholly or partially transparent. The illuminator 5 is provided with a transparent cover 10, and a concentrator wing 11 is further installed on the illuminator 5. The concentrator wing is arc-shaped to further reflect and gather sunlight into the transparent cover and further heat the air in the illuminator 5.

[0034] The high-pressure tank 20 is arranged in the illuminator 5, and the pneumatic valve 6 is communicated with the high-pressure tank 20. A second one-way air supply valve 22 is arranged between the high-pressure tank 20 and an interior of the illuminator 5. The air from the illuminator 5 can be injected into the high-pressure tank 20 in one direction. An insulation layer 21 is arranged outside a tank body of the high-pressure tank 20 to play a role of heat preservation and pressure maintenance.

[0035] The safety valve 12 and the one-way air supply valve 13 are installed on the illuminator 5. The one-way air supply valve 13 is communicated with the illuminator 5, and an air supply valve cover plate 14 of the one-way air supply valve 13 is connected with the valve body of the one-way air supply valve 13 through a hinge point 15. The valve body is provided with an air supply valve orifice 17, and the hinge point 15 is provided with a hinge point return spring 16 for resetting the air supply valve cover plate 14.

[0036] A function of the safety valve 12 is that once the pressure in the illuminator 5 is too high, the pressure may be released through the safety valve 12 to ensure the normal and safe operation of the illuminator 5.

[0037] One end of the rotary cylinder 9 of the present disclosure is installed on the support 2, and the other end of the rotary cylinder 9 is connected with the rotary platform 18. One end of the luffing cylinder 8 is connected with the rotary platform 18, and the other end of the luffing cylinder 8 is connected with the condenser plate 1. The corn platform 18 is installed on an upper portion of the support 2 through a rotating hinge 19. A direction of the solar panel is controlled by the rotary platform 18, the luffing cylinder 8 and the rotary cylinder 9.

[0038] A working principle of the present disclosure is as follows. A general principle of the present disclosure is to carry out photometric measuring in real time every day through the arc-shaped photometer hood 4 to perceive the best illumination direction every day or every time period, and to automatically control the pneumatic valve of the concentrator plate in combination with the calculation of the built-in program of the system control device to further adjust an amplitude and an angle of the concentrator plate to realize optimization of a light collecting angle.

[0039] (1) Working principle of the photometer hood 4: The photometer hood 4 adopts a hemispherical structure with a cambered surface, so that sunlight in all directions can be conveniently received. A large number of small blocky photometer plates are arranged above the hemispherical structure, and each photometer plate has a unique position number and independent photosensitive system thereof in the system. When the direction of the sunlight changes, one or several photometer plates can receive the sunlight, thus displaying orientation and number of the photometer plate in the control system. Combining with the comparison of sunlight intensity of each plate, the orientation of the sun and the illumination intensity at the current day can be accurately judged. Based on these measured data, after systematic calculation and analysis, the adjusting apparatus is controlled to adjust the orientation of the light concentrating and collecting apparatus to achieve best power generation effect.

[0040] As shown in fig. 2, a control box 23 of the control system is powered by a storage battery 25. The storage battery 25 is charged by the solar panel 3. The signal transceiver 24 is used for wireless transmission of data and information between the photometer hood 4 and the remote control system, and the control box 23 is used for frequency modulation and rectification of power generated by solar energy in the photometer hood 4 and storing the power in the storage battery 25 to facilitate power utilization of the control box and the signal transceiver. The power in the storage battery may also supply power to other systems besides the photometer hood 4 in the patent.

[0041] (2) Adjustment of the orientation of the lighting gathering and collecting apparatus: According to the orientation of the sun determined by the photometer hood 4, the system controls the adjusting apparatus of the light concentrating and collecting apparatus to adjust, which is specifically as follows: on one hand, the pneumatic valve provides pneumatic power for the rotary cylinder to push the rotary platform to rotate and drive the concentrator plate on the rotary platform to rotate; on the other hand, the pneumatic valve provides pneumatic power for the luffing cylinder, which pushes the concentrator plate to oscillate in a luffing manner to adjust the direction. Through the above adjustment, it is ensured that the concentrator plate can be aligned with the direction of the sun in time and ensure the maximization of sunlight.

[0042] (3) Acquisition of the air pressure of the pneumatic valve: A shell part is made of a pressure-bearing transparent cover to make the illuminator 5, which is convenient for the sunlight to pass through the transparent cover 10 to heat the air inside the illuminator 5. Meanwhile, the arc-shaped concentrator wings may also be arranged on two sides of the shell to further reflect and gather the sunlight into the transparent cover to further heat the air inside the illuminator 5. Air or other suitable gas is sealed inside the illuminator in a sealed manner. After the sealed gas in the illuminator 5 is heated by the sunlight through the above manner, the air pressure in the illuminator 5 is increased. When the gas inside the illuminator 5 is heated to be higher than the pressure inside the high-pressure tank 20, the high-pressure gas enters the high-pressure tank 20 for storage through the second one-way air supply valve 22 on the partition plate, and the insulation layer 21 outside the high-pressure tank can effectively keep the temperature, thereby ensuring the pressure inside the tank.

[0043] The pneumatic valve 6 is communicated with the high-pressure tank 20. Through the control of the pneumatic valve 6, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure tank is transported to the luffing cylinder or the rotary cylinder under the control of the control system, and the concentrator plate is controlled to better collect the sunlight following the angle change of the sun, and under the irradiation of sunlight during the day. The pneumatic valve 6 adopts a return spring normally closed pneumatic valve, which can effectively save the energy of the control valve. When the concentrator plate needs to be adjusted and controlled, the valve rod 26 and the valve seat 27 of the solenoid valve 29 are attracted. After the valve core 28 is opened, the gas in the high-pressure tank enters the luffing cylinder or the rotary cylinder.

[0044] The patent gives priority to the structure that the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder are respectively provided with an air supply path and a pneumatic control valve to avoid interference with the air control supply of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder. When the luffing cylinder or the rotary cylinder moves in place, the signal transceiver 24 receives an instruction of the control system and stops supplying power to the solenoid valve of the pneumatic control valve. After power failure, the return spring 30 of the valve core 28 pushes the valve core to close an air passage 31 to stop the air supply randomly, and the valve core is in a normally closed state. A small amount of power required for the operation of the pneumatic valve is supplied by a small number of solar panels on the concentrator plate, and the power on these small number of solar panels is adjusted by a frequency modulation rectifier 32 attached to the pneumatic valve and stored in a battery 33 for later use. When the battery 33 does not need to be charged, these small number of solar panels still participate in the overall power generation of the concentrator plate and uniformly transmit electric energy to the outside.

[0045] According to the control instruction of the control system, the air in the high-pressure tank controls the actions of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder, i.e., controls the actions of the concentrator plate. The luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder are provided with a cable-type stroke encoder 34. The stroke encoder 34 adopts a wired encoder or other encoder, and the encoder can accurately control the actions of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder. When the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder are telescopic, the stroke encoder 34 accurately measures expansion and contraction of the air cylinder along with expansion and contraction of a pull rope, and a clockwork is arranged in the stroke encoder to realize tension tightening and automatic retraction. When required expansion and contraction of the air cylinder calculated and determined by the control system is achieved, the pneumatic valve is closed. In this way, the accurate control of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder can be realized.

[0046] The patent also has the function of automatically returning the angle of the concentrator plate 1. According to the program setting of the remote control system, the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder automatically return at night according to an initial position during the day, so that the concentrator plate 1 is at the best lighting angle before sunrise in the morning. The luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder are fed with air through an intake valve 38, and piston return springs 36 are arranged on pistons 35 of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder. When a set night returning time is reached, programmed exhaust valves 37 on exhaust ports of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder are opened regularly, and the internal air pressures of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder are reduced. Under the pull of the return force of the piston return springs 36, the pistons 35 slowly return, and the air is discharged from the air cylinder along a pipeline and enters the illuminator 5. During the exhaust resetting process, the stroke encoder 34 measures positions of the pistons synchronously and accurately. When the pistons of the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder return to the best position in the morning, the program-controlled exhaust valves 37 are closed. In other words, after the daytime work, the concentrator plate 1 can automatically return to the initial position where the sun rises every day to collect the sunlight in the morning, so that the light concentrating can be automatically controlled and recycled under the program control every day.

[0047] The one-way air supply valve 13 is further arranged on the illuminator 5. By arranging the hinge point 15, the hinge point return spring 16, the air supply valve cover plate 14 and other components, when the air inside the illuminator 5 leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than an outside atmospheric pressure, the air supply valve cover plate 14 of the air compensating valve can be automatically pushed open for automatic air compensation due to the higher outside atmospheric pressure. After internal and external air pressures are balanced, the air supply valve cover plate is automatically closed under an action of the hinge point return spring to achieve the effect of automatic air compensation. The illuminator 5 is further provided with the safety valve 12. When the air pressure in the illuminator 5 is too high, the pressure is released to ensure the safety. Compared with a traditional sealed inflatable air tank, this design does not need manual air compensation, realizes automatic air compensation, is simple in operation and maintenance, and greatly reduces a workload.

[0048] In another technical solution, an electrothermal air heating device is additionally provided to the high-pressure tank to increase supply of high-pressure air.

[0049] (4) Principle of the control system: Through the software in the control system, the patent reasonably combines and systematically controls the various systems of the light concentrating and collecting apparatus, the adjusting apparatus and the photometric measuring principle, effectively forming the functions of information sharing, linkage of control functions and systematic management. The patent can realize local control and remote control through the local control system and the remote control system.

[0050] The present disclosure comprises the following specific working steps of: step 1): determining control parameters through photometry: transmitting an illumination orientation parameter currently measured by the photometer hood 4 to the control system, carrying out comparison, analysis and calculation in combination with current angle and position parameters of the concentrator plate by the control system to determine parameters to be adjusted for the concentrator plate, and accurately determining lengths to be adjusted for the luffing cylinder and the rotary cylinder;

[0051] step 2): generating an air pressure: heating air inside the illuminator 5 by sunlight passing through the transparent cover of the illuminator 5, assisting in light concentrating by the concentrator wings 11 on two sides of the illuminator 5 to further reflect and gather the sunlight into the transparent cover 10 to jointly heat air in the illuminator 5, heating sealed air in the illuminator 5 by the sunlight in the above manner to increase the air pressure in the illuminator 5, and storing the high-pressure air in the high-pressure tank 20;

[0052] step 3): transmitting the air pressure: accurately controlling the air with the increased air pressure in the illuminator 5 by the control system to pass through the pneumatic control valve 6, and conveying the high-pressure air to the luffing cylinder 8 or the rotary cylinder 9 from the high-pressure tank 20 through the pneumatic control valve, the air supply pipe and the like under control of the control system;

[0053] step 4): controlling the concentrator plate: receiving the high-pressure air from the pneumatic control valve 6 by the luffing cylinder 8 and the rotary cylinder 9, and then respectively controlling the concentrator plate 1 and the rotary platform 18 to rotate according to data analyzed, compared and calculated by the control system to control a direction of the concentrator plate 1 to better collect the sunlight;

[0054] step 5): controlling automatic air compensation: when the air inside the illuminator 5 leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than an outside atmospheric pressure, automatically pushing the air supply valve cover plate 14 of the air compensating valve 13 open for air compensation; and when internal and external air pressures are balanced, automatically closing the air supply valve cover plate 14 under an action of the hinge point return spring 16 to achieve the purpose of automatic air compensation; and step 6): controlling safety: further arranging the safety valve 12 on an upper portion of the illuminator 5, and when the air pressure in the illuminator 5 is too high, releasing the pressure to ensure the safety.

[0055] Advantages of the patent.

[0056] (1) Strong innovation. The patent embodies strong innovation from the perspective of the photometer hood 4 and the illuminator 5, embodies the whole process and systematic innovation, and has strict innovative ideas.

[0057] (2) Exquisite design. The patent embodies exquisite design in many perspectives, such as the working principle of the photometer hood 4, which ensures the optimal utilization of light energy. The illuminator 5 only uses solar energy, and does not need external energy, which embodies the optimal energy-saving effect.

[0058] (3) Accurate control. The patent embodies precise control in many perspectives, and the precise control is realized through the accurate acquisition of the illumination information by the photometer hood 4 and the control program, and many details are designed accurately and reasonably.

[0059] (4) Simple and practical. The patent strives to be simple and practical in design, and makes every effort to simplify the complex, and meanwhile, makes the structure simplest and most practical. All details are designed reasonably and simply, so the patent has strong practicality.

Claims

1. An automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power, characterized by comprising a light concentrating and collecting apparatus, wherein the light concentrating and collecting apparatus comprises a concentrator plate (1), a plurality of solar panels (3) are installed on the concentrator plate (1), the concentrator plate (1) is installed on a support (2) by an adjusting apparatus, a light detecting cover (4) is installed in a position without any influence on photometry outside the light concentrating and collecting apparatus, a plurality of photometer plates (39) are arranged on the light detecting cover (4), and the photometer plates (39) transmit detection information to a control system; and the adjusting apparatus comprises an illuminator (5), and the illuminator (5) is connected with a luffing cylinder (8) and a rotary cylinder (9) respectively by an air supply pipe (7) through a pneumatic control valve (6).

2. The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that the illuminator (5) has a transparent structure, a transparent cover (10) is arranged on the illuminator (5), and a concentrator wing (11) is further installed on the illuminator (5).

3. The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that a safety valve (12) and a one-way air supply valve (13) are installed on the illuminator (5).

4. The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 3, characterized in that the one-way air supply valve (13) is communicated with the illuminator (5), an air supply valve cover plate (14) of the one-way air supply valve (13) is connected with a valve body of the one-way air supply valve (13) through a hinge point (15), the valve body is provided with an air supply valve orifice (17), and a hinge point return spring (16) is arranged at the hinge point (15) for resetting the air supply valve cover plate (14).

5. The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the rotary cylinder (9) is installed on the support (2), and the other end of the rotary cylinder (9) is connected with a rotary platform (18); one end of the luffing cylinder (8) is connected with the rotary platform (18), and the other end of the luffing cylinder (8) is connected with the concentrator plate (1); and the rotary platform (18) is installed on an upper portion of the support (2) through a rotating hinge (19).

6. The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that a high-pressure tank (20) is arranged in the illuminator (5), and the pneumatic control valve (6) is communicated with the high-pressure tank (20); a second one-way air supply valve (22) is arranged between the high-pressure tank (20) and an interior of the illuminator (5); andan insulation layer (21) is arranged outside the high-pressure tank (20).

7. The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that the light detecting cover (4) is installed on a foundation platform (b) through the support (2), a signal transceiver (24), a control box (23) and a storage battery (25) are matched with and installed on the foundation platform (b), and the signal transceiver (24), the control box (23) and the storage battery (25) are connected with the illuminator (5) through a power supply circuit or a signal line; and the light detecting cover (4) has a hemispherical structure, and is provided with the plurality of small blocky photometer plates (39), and each photometer plate (39) has a unique position number and an independent light sensing system in the system.

8. The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic control valve (6) mainly consists of a solenoid valve (29), a valve seat (27), a valve rod (26), a return spring (30) and a valve core (28), the valve core (28) cooperates with an air passage (31) by the return spring (30) in a normally closed manner, and the pneumatic control valve (6) is further provided with a signal transceiver (24), a frequency modulation rectifier (32) and a battery (33), and used for communication signal transmission and power supply in a working process.

9. The automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to claim 1, characterized in that the luffing cylinder (8) and the rotary cylinder (9) are matched and provided with a stroke encoder (34), a return spring (36), a signal transceiver (24) and a program-controlled exhaust valve (37), the stroke encoder (34) is used for precise stroke control, the return spring (36) and the program-controlled exhaust valve (37) are used for cylinder exhaust and piston return, and the signal transceiver (24) is used for signal reception and transmission.

10. A method for controlling an automatic adjustment photovoltaic device without external power according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps of:step 1): determining control parameters through photometry:transmitting an illumination orientation parameter currently detected by the light detecting cover (4) to the control system, carrying out comparison, analysis and calculation in combination with current angle and position parameters of the concentrator plate (1) by the control system to determine parameters to be adjusted for the concentrator plate (1), and accurately determining lengths to be adjusted for the luffing cylinder (8) and the rotary cylinder (9);step 2): generating an air pressure:heating air inside the illuminator (5) by sunlight passing through the transparent cover of the illuminator (5), assisting in light concentrating by the concentrator wings (11) on two sides of the illuminator (5)to further reflect and gather the sunlight into the transparent cover (10) to jointly heatair in the illuminator (5), and heating sealed air in the illuminator (5) by the sunlight in the above manner to increase the air pressure in the illuminator (5);step 3): transmitting the air pressure:accurately controlling the air with the increased air pressure in the illuminator (5) by the control system to pass through the pneumatic control valve (6), and conveying the high-pressure air to the luffing cylinder (8) or the rotary cylinder (9) under control of the control system;step 4): controlling the concentrator plate (1):receiving the high-pressure air from the pneumatic control valve (6) by the luffing cylinder (8) and the rotary cylinder (9), and then respectively controlling the concentrator plate (1) and the rotary platform (18) to rotate according to data analyzed, compared and calculated by the control system to control a direction of the concentrator plate (1) to better collect the sunlight;step 5): controlling automatic air compensation: when the air inside the illuminator (5) leaks due to recycling and the air pressure is lower than an outside atmospheric pressure, automatically pushing the air supply valve cover plate (14) of the air compensating valve (13) open for air compensation; and when internal and external air pressures are balanced, automatically closing the air supply valve cover plate (14) under an action of the hinge point return spring (16) to achieve the purpose of automatic air compensation; andstep 6): controlling safety: further arranging the safety valve (12) on an upper portion of the illuminator (5), and when the air pressure in the illuminator (5) is too high, releasing the pressure to ensure the safety.A. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTERH02S20 / 32(2014.01)i; G05D3 / 12(2006.01)i; G05D3 / 00(2006.01)iAccording to International Patent Classification (IPC) or to both national classification and IPCB. FIELDS SEARCHEDMinimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols) IPC:H02S,G05DDocumentation searched other than minimum documentation to the extent that such documents are included in the fields searchedElectronic data base consulted during the international search (name of data base and, where practicable, search terms used)code, gas, measur+, detect+, spring, locat+, sun, solar, temperature, rotat+DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANTCategory* Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to claim No. PX CN 116094436 A (CHINA THREE GORGES CORP, et al.) 09 May 2023 (2023-05-09) description, paragraphs [0025]-[0059], and figures 1-8 1-10 Y CN 103034239 A (LI XIANQIANG) 10 April 2013 (2013-04-10) description, paragraphs [0016] and [0017], and figures 1-4 1-10 Y CN 101662240 A (BEIJING AOTENGXUNDA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.) 03 March 2010 (2010-03-03) 1-10 description, page 2, third-to-last paragraph, page 3, last paragraph, and figures 1 and 2 A CN 102563191 A (SHENZHEN LEMAN OIL &GAS TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.) 11 July 2012 (2012-07-11) entire document 1-10 A CN 105889577 A (CHONGQING YANZHAO AUTOMOBILE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.) 24 August 2016 (2016-08-24) 1-10 entire document A CN 106787103 A (SUN YONG) 31 May 2017 (2017-05-31) entire document 1-10 — — —| | Further documents are listed in the continuation of Box C.annex.* Special categories of cited documents: “T” later document published after the international filing date or priority “A” document defining the general state of the art which is not considered date and not in conflict with the application but cited to understand the to be of particular relevance principle or theory underlying the invention “D” document cited by the applicant in die international application “X” document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be “E" earlier application orpatent but published on or after the international considered novel or cannot be considered to involve an inventive step filing date when the document is taken alone •SL” document which may throw doubts on priority claim(s) or which is “Y” document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be cited to establish the publication date of another citation or other considered to involve an inventive step when the document is special reason (as specified) combined with one or more other such documents, such combination “O” document referring to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition or other being obvious to a person skilled in the art means document member of the same patent family “P” document published prior to the international filing date but later than the priority date claimed Date of the actual completion of the international search 26 September 2023 Date of mailing of the international search report 10 October 2023 Name and mailing address of the ISA / CN China National Intellectual Property Administration (ISA / CN) China No. 6, Xitucheng Road, Jimenqiao, Haidian District, Beijing 100088 Authorized officer Telephone No.C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANTCategory* Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to claim No. A CN 110971182 A (TONGREN FANNENG MOBILE ENERGY CO., LTD.) 07 April 2020 (2020-04-07) entire document 1-10 A US 2014209146 Al (RAON TECH CO., LTD.) 31 July 2014 (2014-07-31) entire document 1-10International application No.PCT / CN2023 / 106645Patent document cited in search report Publication date (day / month / year) Patent family member)s) Publication date (day / month / year) CN 116094436 A 09 May 2023 None CN 103034239 A 10 April 2013 None CN 101662240 A 03 March 2010 None CN 102563191 A 11 July 2012 None CN 105889577 A 24 August 2016 None CN 106787103 A 31 May 2017 None CN 110971182 A 07 April 2020 None US 2014209146 Al 31 July 2014 WO 2013032099 Al 07 March 2013

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