Hydraulic mount having a stop shell, and production method for such a hydraulic mount stop shell

Abstract

A hydraulic bearing having core 4, sleeve 6, and two stop shells 8 therebetween, each shell 8 supporting a stopper 10 and having an aperture 12 into which stopper 10 projects under radial load. The ap

Description

19 08r25 The invention relates to a hydraulic mount having a stop shell according to claim 1 and to a production method for such a hydraulic mount stop shell according to claim 9. Hydraulic running gear mounts with radial damping are known from practical experience. During the braking of the vehicle, these are sometimes exposed to high radial loads. To absorb these high loads, such running gear mounts can be fitted with end stops. These end stops can consist of a stopper supported elastically in a shell of the running gear mount. This shell can comprise a passage opening, through which the stopper can move at high loads. 25 DE 102008058239 B4, for example, discloses a hydraulic running gear mount that has such stoppers in shells. A known and low-cost production method for such shells is injection moulding of plastics. However, injection moulding of plastics inevitably leads to a disadvantageous weld line at the pas-30 sage opening. This weld line weakens the structure of the shell, and therefore it may break under the high loads. Also known in practice are metal shells which are milled from a solid in order to avoid the weld line mentioned. However, such metal shells have a high weight, can be produced only with a lot 35 of effort and are furthermore very expensive. It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a hydraulic mount having stop shells which is developed further in respect of the abovementioned disadvantages. In addition, the intention is to propose a production method for such hydraulic mount stop shells. 19Q8 25 The main features of the invention are indicated in claims 1 and 9. Refinements are the subject matter of the dependent claims. 5 According to the invention, the proposal is therefore for a hydraulic mount, which has a central longitudinal axis, comprising a core, a sleeve, which surrounds the core, at least two hydraulic mount stop shells between the core and the sleeve, one stop stopper for each hydraulic mount stop shell, which is supported on the hydraulic mount stop shell and is arranged radially on the outside with respect to the core, wherein each hydraulic mount stop shell comprises at least one 10 aperture in the radial direction, which is delimited by a peripheral edge region, wherein the corresponding stop stopper is arranged in such a way as to be able to project into this aperture when subjected to loading in the radial direction, wherein the aperture is an aperture produced by means of a separating method, and / or the aperture has fibre ends of the fibre-plastic composite at the peripheral surface machined by means of the separating method, and at least two 15 chambers, which can be filled or are filled with a hydraulic fluid and are connected fluidically to one another via a channel, wherein each hydraulic mount stop shell is formed from a fibre-plastic composite, wherein each hydraulic mount stop shell is an injection-moulded part or an extruded part. 0 The hydraulic mount stop shell as an injection-moulded part or an extruded part makes it possible to avoid the disadvantageous weld line at the aperture since the component according to the invention enables the aperture to be produced by a separating method without damaging the half-shell. This is because, if the aperture were produced by a fracturing or machining process and were to cross a weld line, this would lead to an inhomogeneity in the fracture pattern and / or 25 fibre distribution and / or fibre orientation. Surprisingly, it has been found that extrusion, which is not usually used for components of the size of a hydraulic mount stop shell, is particularly suitable for the production of particularly highly stressed hydraulic mount stop shells. This applies especially when extruding semi-fin-30 ished thermoplastic products. Such semi-finished thermoplastic products for extrusion processes have previously been semi-finished products of the order of one square metre. The components which are produced by means of extrusion, e.g. front ends for vehicles, are therefore normally of a similar size. In order then to produce components of the size of hydraulic mount stop shells, which are a few square centimetres in size, the large semi-finished products 35 must be cut into small sheets before insertion into the press, after which these sheets are inserted into the individual cavity or individual cavities. As an alternative, a large semi-finished product is inserted into a large multi-cavity press mould, from which a very large number of components can then be moulded in a single press operation. In the latter case, however, each 19Q8 25 individual component must then be mechanically extracted in a precise manner from the moulded plate at the outer periphery of the plate. In both cases, significant costs arise for mechanical separation work, and therefore components of the size of a hydraulic mount stop shell are typically injection moulded. 5 The aperture in each hydraulic mount stop shell is an aperture produced by means of a separating method, and / or the aperture has fibre ends of the fibre-plastic composite at its peripheral surface machined by means of a separating method. The aperture can be an aperture made by separating it out. The aperture has an inner peripheral surface. The peripheral surface can be 10 formed by the peripheral edge region. Producing the aperture by a separating method may result in the presence of open, sheared or cut fibre ends in the peripheral surface. However, this occasional disadvantage is to the benefit of lower production costs since, as a result, it is possible here to dispense with complex and expensive methods of producing the aperture. It is namely conceivable, in the assembled state, in which the hydraulic mount stop shell is installed 15 in the hydraulic mount, for the peripheral surface to simply be covered by the elastomer body that is vulcanized on at that location, making it easy to prevent any fibre ends that are present there from causing damage to the stop stopper as it enters the aperture. Separation can be accomplished, for example, by punching, breaking, fine blanking and / or mill-0 ing. Separation can lead to a fracture surface or fracture edge in the aperture. The fracture surface or fracture edge can be situated on the inner peripheral surface of the aperture. Admittedly, punching and fine blanking are inexpensive. However, the advantage of milling lies in the production of a clean aperture and in preventing failure of the fibre matrix bonding at the fracture surface or the inner peripheral surface of the aperture. Moreover, milling leads to a cleaner cut 25 through the fibres, and therefore there is less fibre pull-out in the cut surface than with the production of the fracture surface by punching, breaking or fine blanking. The aperture can be a milled aperture, or an inner peripheral surface of the aperture can be a milled inner peripheral surface. If the fibre is no longer completely in the matrix after punching, but separations between the fibre and the matrix have taken place at the fracture surface, the fluid in the hydraulic 30 mount can penetrate more easily into the plastic matrix by means of a capillary effect. This would promote polymer decomposition by means of hydrolysis (in interaction with the glycol, particularly when using a glycol-water mixture); the component would potentially fail more quickly. Forming the aperture by separating it out has the advantage of easily being able to demonstrate that the aperture does not contain or cross a weld line. 35 The injection-moulded part can have a central or diaphragm gate, or can be produced therewith. The central or diaphragm gate can be located in the aperture. Both production methods are identifiable from the hydraulic mount stop shells. In both variants, fibre-reinforced polymer flows 19Q8 25 out of the region of the aperture into the remaining component volume. In both methods, the aperture can be produced mechanically by separation after the plastic moulding and subsequent solidification of the component. Consequently, there is a visible punching burr or peripheral structures that indicate mechanical reworking, e.g. due to breaking or milling, around the aper- 5 ture. As a point of very particular significance, this avoids the disadvantages of weld line formation associated with injection moulding involving a pinpoint gate or gates. In accordance with a further development, the average preferential direction of the fibres can deviate by a maximum of 45° from the peripheral direction in the entire peripheral edge region 10 along the peripheral direction of the aperture. Here, the peripheral edge region can be defined as the component volume which extends up to a millimetre from the surface of the aperture into the component. Alternatively or in addition, fibres in the peripheral edge region can follow the profile of the aperture in the peripheral direction and thereby form a fibre frame. 15 The hydraulic mounts can have the shape of a bushing. The hydraulic mount stop shells can each be half-shells. The average preferential direction can apply to all the fibres in the peripheral edge region. The use of a fibre-plastic composite for the hydraulic mount stop shell helps to avoid disadvantageous weld lines. Each hydraulic mount stop shell can be free of weld lines. The use of a fibre-plastic composite for the hydraulic mount stop shell furthermore helps to re-0 duce weight and lower costs in comparison with known hydraulic mount stop shells made from a metal. Each hydraulic mount stop shell can consist entirely of the fibre-plastic composite. Each hydraulic mount stop shell can be formed integrally from the fibre-plastic composite. Each hydraulic mount stop shell can have a wall thickness which is in the range of 3 mm to 5 mm. The wall thickness can correspond to the diameter of a largest imaginary sphere that can fit into 25 the hydraulic mount stop shell. The wall thickness can be different from the thickness of the peripheral edge region. The fibres have the intended direction or orientation in the peripheral edge region. The fibres in the peripheral edge region can follow the profile of the aperture in the peripheral direction. By 30 virtue of their orientation, the fibres in the peripheral edge region can form a fibre frame which surrounds and / or reinforces the aperture, preferably directly. It has namely been recognized that a fibre orientation which follows the peripheral direction of the aperture leads to a considerable increase in strength in the region of the aperture. As a result, the hydraulic mount stop shells can bear high loads. By virtue of the orientation of the fibres in the peripheral edge region, it is 35 possible to establish there a fibre concentration which is higher than in other regions of the hydraulic mount stop shell, and this also contributes to increasing strength. 19Q8 25 The "average preferential direction of the fibres" can apply to all the fibres in the peripheral edge region. The preferential direction of each fibre in the peripheral edge region can refer to an adjacent location in the peripheral surface of the aperture. 5 Each fibre can be symbolized mathematically as a vector. Each vector can be adjacent to a corresponding location in the peripheral surface of the aperture. The peripheral direction can run through this location in the peripheral surface. This location can have a tangent. The tangent can characterize the course of the peripheral direction at this location. A corresponding angle can be created between the vector and the tangent. The angle indication in degrees (°) can re- 10 fer to an angle in a central surface of the corresponding hydraulic mount stop shell. The central surface can extend along the planar extent of the hydraulic mount stop shell. The deviation of the average preferential direction of the fibres in the peripheral edge region by a maximum of 45° also helps to avoid weld lines, which usually have a perpendicular preferen- 15 tial orientation of the fibres with respect to a peripheral direction of an aperture. If the preferential direction of the fibres deviates by a maximum of 45° from the peripheral direction in the peripheral edge region, the majority of the fibres lie in the peripheral direction. Thus, the edge can bear particularly high loads and no significant stress concentrations due to local fibre inhomogeneities, e.g. due to weld lines, occur. It is conceivable that the average preferential direction of 0 the fibres deviates by a maximum of 30° from the peripheral direction, preferably by a maximum of 15°. The hydraulic mount can comprise two stopper means. Each stopper means can comprise a stop stopper, a hydraulic mount stop shell and an elastomer body connecting the stop stopper 25 and the stop shell, preferably consisting thereof, wherein the stop stopper can enter the aperture and / or can pass through the aperture in the direction of a load path under a load. According to another conceivable refinement, the hydraulic mount stop shells can also be produced by injection moulding long glass fibres. This can be accomplished with a diaphragm gate 30 or a central gate. During the plasticization of the plastic in the injection unit and the subsequent injection, the fibre length is reduced, however, and therefore the fibre lengths that can be achieved in the component are at best 8 mm; the mean fibre lengths are generally even below 5 mm. 35 It is conceivable that continuous fibres are at least 50 mm long, and long glass fibres have a length of between 10 mm and 50 mm. The lengths can apply to the fibre-plastic composite before injection moulding or extrusion. 19Q8 25 The highest strength, stiffness and toughness requirements on a hydraulic mount stop shell can preferably be met by the use of long fibres as a reinforcement of semi-finished products for extrusion. In this case, fibre lengths of up to 50 mm can easily be achieved and processed. In some cases, even semi-finished products reinforced with continuous fibres, e.g. GMT semi-fin-5 ished products, can be used, although care should be taken to ensure that the plasticized semifinished products still have sufficiently good flow properties, despite the long fibres. During the pressing process, plasticized semi-finished product can be pressed outwards out of the region of the aperture, resulting in preferential orientation of the fibres in the peripheral direction of the aperture to match the stresses. This results in significant advantages in the mechanical proper-10 ties, which can compensate or overcompensate for the disadvantages of the higher costs involved in the separation processes. According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the wall thickness of the hydraulic mount stop shells and / or the thickness of the peripheral edge region can be formed by 15 plastics material (thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic) displaced during the extrusion process. A very tough peripheral edge region is formed by this means. This is because it is possible, by means of an extrusion process, to displace plastics material outwards out of the region of the aperture into the peripheral edge region, said material coming to be arranged with the fibres in the peripheral direction of the aperture, without forming a weld line. 0 According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the hydraulic mount stop shells can each be a GMT extruded part (GMT = glass-mat reinforced thermoplastic), an extruded part consisting of a thermoplastic semi-finished product containing fibre bundles or individual fibres of up to 60 mm in length or an SMC extruded part (SMC = sheet moulding compound). 25 According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the peripheral edge region can comprise alignment fibres. Alignment fibres may already be pre-aligned, e.g. by using a semifinished fibre product which is positioned to match the aperture, ensuring that the orientation of the fibres corresponds to the peripheral direction. Alignment fibres can be oriented after the fact 30 (e.g. after insertion into the mould) (subsequent orientation). The alignment fibres can thus have an orientation that may differ from an initial orientation of the fibres when introduced into a mould. The initial orientation of the fibres can be modified in order to establish the average preferential direction of the fibres along the peripheral direction of the aperture in the entire peripheral edge region, with a maximum deviation 45°. Subsequent orientation is discernible in the hy-35 draulic mount stop shell: for example, the fibres or alignment fibres can form a fibre frame in the peripheral edge region. 19Q8 25 According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the hydraulic mount stop shells can comprise randomly ordered fibres in some region or regions. It is conceivable for there to be a random fibre orientation outside the peripheral edge regions. The random fibre orientation may be present everywhere or, alternatively, at least in part, outside the peripheral edge re-5 gions. This enables the hydraulic mount half-shells to be produced from semi-finished fibre products containing randomly ordered fibres. According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the hydraulic mount stop shells can additionally comprise randomly ordered fibres in some region or regions. It is conceivable 10 for there to be an ordered fibre orientation outside the peripheral edge regions, at least in part. As a result, the hydraulic mount stop shells can also be produced from a combination of semifinished fibre products containing unoriented fibres and semi-finished fibre products containing oriented fibres (e.g. woven fabric and / or tapes). Semi-finished fibre products containing oriented fibres can add additional woven plies and can serve as an additional reinforcement. 5 According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the peripheral edge region can have a width, preferably a continuous width in the peripheral direction of the aperture, of at most 1 mm. The width can apply transversely to the radial direction of the hydraulic mount. A suitably wide peripheral edge region or fibre frame can thus be provided. Starting from the aperture, the 0 peripheral edge region can therefore extend over a given distance of a maximum of 1 mm into the hydraulic mount stop shells on each side of the aperture. According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the aperture can have a fracture surface or fracture edge. The fracture surface or fracture edge can be located on the inner 25 peripheral surface of the aperture. The fracture surface or fracture edge can extend over the entire height and / or the entire periphery of the inner peripheral surface. It is conceivable that the peripheral surface of the aperture is formed by the fracture surface or fracture edge, preferably exclusively thereby. 30 According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the peripheral edge region can form the fracture surface or fracture edge. According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the peripheral edge region can have a thickness in the range of 0.1 mm to 1 mm, preferably between 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm. The 35 thickness can apply parallel to the radial direction of the hydraulic mount. The thickness of the peripheral edge region can correspond to the wall thickness of the hydraulic mount stop shell and / or to the thickness of the fracture surface or fracture edge. As a result, there is material present in the region of the subsequent aperture during the production of the hydraulic mount stop 19Q8 25 shell, and it can flow through there, this material being thicker than known separating skins in the parting plane of an injection mould. Material that is present there can be removed by means of the separation process. 5 According to one conceivable refinement of the hydraulic mount, the fracture surface or fracture edge can have a thickness in the range of 0.1 mm to 1 mm, preferably between 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm. The thickness can apply parallel to the radial direction of the hydraulic mount. As a result, there is material present in the region of the subsequent aperture during the production of the hydraulic mount stop shell, and it can flow through there, this material being thicker than known 10 separating skins in the parting plane of an injection mould. Material that is present there can be removed by means of the separation process. According to one refinement of the hydraulic mount, each hydraulic mount stop shell can be free of weld lines. The hydraulic mount stop shell in the form of an injection-moulded part or ex-15 truded part makes it possible to avoid the disadvantageous weld line. According to one refinement of the hydraulic mount, the aperture can have a uniform fibre-break and / or fibre-cut pattern over the entire periphery on its inner peripheral surface. The fibre-break pattern can extend over the thickness of the fracture surface or fracture edge. 0 According to one refinement of the hydraulic mount, the hydraulic mount stop shells can each be produced from a semi-finished fibre-plastic composite product which, in respect of its volume, consists of at least 75%, preferably at least 85%, as a further preference entirely, either of a semi-finished thermoplastic composite, reinforced with long glass fibres, in the form of a plate 25 and / or a three-dimensional body, or of a semi-finished composite consisting of a curable polymer resin reinforced with long glass fibres. The advantage with such high quantities (percentages by volume) is that the structural strength of the hydraulic mount stop shells can be set by means of the semi-finished product. Moreover, the semi-finished product is, as a further advantage, suitable for moulding, e.g. by extrusion. 30 According to one refinement of the hydraulic mount, the fibres of the peripheral edge region can be oriented in the peripheral direction of the aperture. Preferably, more than 50% of the fibres of the peripheral edge region are aligned in the peripheral direction of the aperture, as a further preference more than 75%. This leads to a particularly high strength and stiffness and can 35 serve for the formation of a fibre frame which surrounds and / or reinforces the aperture, preferably directly. 19Q8 25 According to one refinement of the hydraulic mount, the mean fibre length of the fibres of the hydraulic mount stop shells can be greater than 5 mm, preferably greater than 10 mm, as a further preference greater than 40 mm. Fibres of such a length in the hydraulic mount stop shells help to provide strength and stiffness, especially in the peripheral edge region, and also in the 5 formation of a fibre frame. As a result, particularly high forces can be introduced into the fibres. Moreover, although fibre breaks may occur in the fracture surface, there will be little or no fibre pull-out from the matrix. It is conceivable that all or most of the fibres in the semi-finished fibreplastic composite will have a length of 1 inch (25.4 mm), 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) or 2 inches (50.8 mm) or a mixture thereof. 10 According to one refinement of the hydraulic mount, a ratio of the fibre length to fibre thickness of the fibres of the hydraulic mount stop shells can be at least 500:1, preferably 50000:1. It has been found that this ratio is suitable for further strengthening the hydraulic mount stop shells. 15 According to one refinement of the hydraulic mount, each hydraulic mount stop shell can have a surface projection of less than 100 mm x 100 mm. It has been found that even components of this size can be formed by a fibre-plastic composite with a stated fibre orientation according to the invention. This size furthermore has the advantage that conventional moulds can be used to enable a large number of hydraulic mount stop shells according to the invention to be produced 0 simultaneously by means of a single semi-finished product and in one extrusion cycle. According to one refinement of the hydraulic mount, the hydraulic mount stop shells can be of elastomer-free design on the outer periphery, and / or can have a separating edge or a separating burr and can be supported on an elastomer covering of a supporting cage of the hydraulic 25 mount. The hydraulic mount stop shell can have an outer peripheral trim with a rough surface, which is particularly well suited to fixing in the hydraulic mount. This is due to the fact that the hydraulic mount stop shells can be arranged within a window of the supporting cage. This supporting cage, in turn, can be embedded in elastomer, preferably partially. The hydraulic mount stop shells can therefore be supported around the outer periphery on the elastomer covering of 30 the supporting cage, wherein the rough outer peripheral surface of the hydraulic mount stop shell then has the effect of minimizing slippage of the supporting cage within its clamping seat. It is therefore advantageous if the rough outer trim of the hydraulic mount stop shells according to the invention is in contact, at least in some region or regions, with the elastomer covering of the cage or can be arranged there. 35 According to the invention, a method for producing a hydraulic mount stop shell according to the disclosure is furthermore proposed, comprising the following steps: 19Q8 25 - providing a mould, - arranging a semi-finished fibre-plastic composite in the mould, - closing the mould and extruding the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite. 5 The advantages already described above in respect of the hydraulic mount are also obtained analogously in the method, these being incorporated by reference. The mould can have at least one cavity, preferably a plurality of cavities. Surprisingly, it has been found that extrusion methods that are known per se are suitable for forming even components of relatively small size from a fibre-plastic composite with the stated fibre orientation. The arrangement of the semi-finished 10 fibre-plastic composite leads to an initial orientation of the fibres. The method can be an extrusion method. After compression moulding and / or cooling and / or separation, a hydraulic mount stop shell can have been created. The wall thickness of the hydraulic mount stop shell and / or the thickness of the peripheral edge region can be formed completely by the plastic displaced during the compression moulding. 15 According to one conceivable refinement, the method can comprise the step of prefabricating the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite, wherein the step of prefabrication comprises the following subsidiary step: - separating semi-finished fibre-plastic composite segments out of a semi-finished fibre- 0 plastic composite. In this case, the subsequent step of "arrangement in the mould" can be "arrangement of a plurality of semi-finished fibre-plastic composite segments" in the mould. It is conceivable that the volume of each semi-finished fibre-plastic composite segment corresponds at least to the vol-25 ume of the hydraulic mount stop shell produced therefrom, preferably including the material to be separated out in the envisaged aperture. According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the mould can be a multi-cavity mould. A hydraulic mount stop shell can be produced in each cavity. 30 According to one conceivable refinement of the method, separation of semi-finished fibre-plastic composite segments out of a semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can be accomplished by means of cutting. 35 According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the segment / segments can be dimensioned and / or separated in such a way that they can be positioned completely in the cavity / cavi-ties. Thus, the segment / segments does / do not project beyond the edge of the cavity / cavities. 19Q8 25 According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the segment / segments can be less than 100 mm x 100 mm. The dimensions relate to the separated segment before "arrangement in the mould". 5 According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the segment / segments can have a thickness of at most 15 mm, preferably of at most 8 mm. The dimensions relate to the separated segment before "arrangement in the mould". According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the step of "arrangement in the mould" 10 can be performed in such a way that the segment / segments is / are positioned completely in the cavity / cavities. According to one conceivable refinement, the prefabrication can comprise the further subsidiary step of: 15 - stacking a plurality of semi-finished fibre-plastic segments. In this case, the subsequent step of "arrangement in the mould" can be "arrangement of a plurality of semi-finished fibre-plastic composite segments" in the mould. The stacking produces a stack of a plurality of semi-finished fibre-plastic composite segments. It is conceivable that the 0 volume of each semi-finished fibre-plastic composite segment stack corresponds at least to the volume of the hydraulic mount stop shell produced therefrom, preferably including the material to be separated out in the envisaged aperture. According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the step of "arrangement in the mould" 25 can comprise arrangement of a semi-finished fibre-plastic composite which covers a plurality of cavities. Thus, no separation of semi-finished fibre-plastic composite segments out of the semifinished fibre-plastic composite takes place. After the step of "extrusion of the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite", the hydraulic mount stop shells can then be released, milled out or broken out at their outer edge. It is thereby possible to achieve production advantages since a 30 large semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can be inserted more easily and more quickly into the mould than many smaller segments. According to one refinement of the method, the step of closing the mould can comprise the subsidiary step of displacing fibres out of a region in which the aperture is provided into a peripheral 35 edge or peripheral edge region delimiting the aperture. In this case, the fibres can align them selves along the peripheral direction of the aperture. Thus, the initial orientation of the fibres can be changed when the mould is closed in order to produce reorientation. The mould can comprise a ram which, when closed, can force plastics material outwards out of the region of the 19Q8 25 (subsequent) aperture into the peripheral edge region. During this process, the fibres can also rearrange themselves in the peripheral direction of the aperture (reorientation) without forming a weld line. 5 According to one refinement of the method, a step of plasticizing the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can take place before the step of displacement, thus enabling the semi-finished fibreplastic composite to be deformed during the step of displacement. Plasticization should be understood to mean the transition from the solid to a deformable or fluid state in order to facilitate or enable further processing. If such a semi-finished fibre-plastic composite is plasticized before 10 arrangement in the mould and only then arranged in the mould, the fibres can be reoriented particularly well in the peripheral direction by the closure of the mould. This enables a particularly stable fibre frame to be formed. According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the semi-finished fibre-plastic compo-15 site can comprise a thermoplastic matrix with bundles of long glass fibres and / or unoriented continuous fibres, or can comprise such a matrix. It is suitable particularly for producing a stable fibre frame around the peripheral edge region. According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the semi-finished fibre-plastic compo-0 site can be placed in the mould in such a way that fibres are arranged in the region in which the aperture is provided, or project into said region. This arrangement can have the effect that the fibres in the peripheral edge region are those fibres which have been displaced from the region in which the aperture is provided. 25 According to one conceivable refinement of the method, the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can be free from a prefabricated hole in the region in which the aperture is provided. It is thereby possible to dispense with corresponding production of the hole. According to one refinement of the method, a step of making an aperture by means of a sepa-30 rating method can take place after the step of compression moulding and / or curing. Separation can be accomplished by punching or fine blanking, for example. Methods of this kind are inexpensive. Separation can be accomplished by milling, for example. The advantage of milling is the clean peripheral aperture surface that can be produced in this way, and the prevention of failure in the fibre matrix bonding at the fracture surface or fracture edge. This is because milling 35 prevents the fibres from no longer being completely in the polymer matrix in the peripheral surface of the aperture. In this case, there may be separations between the fibre and the matrix at the fracture surface or fracture edge, thus enabling the fluid in the hydraulic mount to penetrate more easily into the plastics matrix by means of a capillary effect. This would promote polymer decomposition by means of hydrolysis (in interaction with the glycol, particularly when using a glycol-water mixture); the component would potentially fail more quickly. Forming the aperture by separating it out has the advantage of easily being able to demonstrate that the aperture does not contain or cross a weld line. Also conceivable is a method for producing a stopper means comprising the following steps: - providing a hydraulic mount stop shell according to the disclosure, - providing a stop stopper according to the disclosure, - arranging the hydraulic mount stop shell and the stop stopper in a vulcanization cavity, - filling the vulcanization cavity with a rubber in a gap between the hydraulic mount stop shell and the stop stopper, - wherein the rubber covers the peripheral surface of the aperture, preferably at least the fracture surface or fracture edge, more preferably completely, - vulcanization and removal of the stopper means from the mould. The advantages already described above in respect of the hydraulic mount and in respect of the method for producing a hydraulic mount stop shell are also obtained analogously in the method for producing a stopper means, these being incorporated by reference. To enable the fibre ends in the peripheral surface and / or defects produced by the separation process, or surface defects, to be permitted, the peripheral surface of the aperture can advantageously be covered with elastomer. If a plurality of corresponding components is disclosed, refinements and advantages which are described only for one of the components apply as it were also to the other corresponding components. Further features, details and advantages of the invention will emerge from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a hydraulic mount according to the invention in an exploded view; Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a hydraulic mount stop shell; Fig. 3a shows a side view of a hydraulic mount stop shell; Fig. 3b shows a plan view of a hydraulic mount stop shell, and Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a hydraulic mount stop shell with a fibre ply. 19Q8 25 In the figures, elements that are identical or correspond to one another are each denoted by the same reference signs and are therefore not described again, unless expedient to do so. To avoid repetitions, features that have already been described are not described again and can be applied to all elements with the same or mutually corresponding reference signs, unless explic- 5 itly excluded. The disclosures in the entire description can be applied mutatis mutandis to identical parts with the same reference signs or the same component designations. The position indications, e.g. top, bottom, lateral etc. selected in the description also relate to the figure immediately being described or illustrated and can be applied mutatis mutandis to the new position if there is a change in position. Moreover, individual features or combinations of features in the 10 different exemplary embodiments shown and described may also represent independent inventive solutions or solutions according to the invention. Fig. 1 shows a hydraulic mount 2, which has a central longitudinal axis Z in the longitudinal direction. It comprises a central core 4, a sleeve 6, which surrounds the core 4 at the outer pe- 15 riphery, and two stopper means 18. The stopper means 18 are arranged diametrically with respect to the central longitudinal axis Z. Each stopper means 18 comprises a hydraulic mount stop shell 8, which is positioned between the core 4 and the sleeve 6, a stop stopper 10, which is positioned between the stop stopper 10 and the core 4, and an elastomer body 32, which supports the stop stopper 10 elastically on the hydraulic mount stop shell 8. 0 Each hydraulic mount stop shell 8 is formed by a fibre-plastic composite, is free of weld lines and has an aperture 12 in the radial direction R, wherein the radial direction R is perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis Z. Moreover, each hydraulic mount stop shell 8 is of elastomer-free design on the outer periphery and has a surface projection of less than 100 mm x 100 mm. 25 The aperture 12 is delimited by a peripheral edge region 20 having an inner peripheral surface 24. The inner peripheral surface 24 has a fracture surface or fracture edge 25 or is formed therefrom. The stop stopper 10 is arranged in such a way as to be able to project into this aperture 12 when subjected to loading in the radial direction R. Each hydraulic mount stop shell 8 can have a wall thickness W which is in the range of 3 mm to 5 mm. The wall thickness W cor- 30 responds to the diameter of the largest imaginary sphere K that can fit into the hydraulic mount stop shell 8. The hydraulic mount 2 furthermore comprises at least two chambers 14, 16, which can be filled or are filled with a hydraulic fluid and are connected fluidically to one another via a channel. 35 Also included is a supporting cage 26, which comprises an elastomer covering 28. Each hydraulic mount stop shell 8 is supported at the outer periphery on the supporting cage 26. 19Q8 25 A preferred fibre ply of a hydraulic mount stop shell 8 is shown in principle in Fig. 4. The hydraulic mount stop shell 8 can be an above-described hydraulic mount stop shell 8. The peripheral edge region 20 has a thickness S which can be at most 1 mm. The thickness S is parallel to the radial direction R. The peripheral edge region 20 furthermore has a width B20 in the range of 1 5 mm to 10 mm. The inner peripheral surface 24 of the peripheral edge region 20 has a fracture surface or fracture edge 25 or is formed therefrom. It is apparent that the hydraulic mount half-shell 8 comprises fibres 34, wherein a largely randomly ordered fibre orientation is present outside the peripheral edge region 20. In the semi-fin-10 ished fibre-plastic composite or before the production of the hydraulic mount stop shell 8, all these fibres 34 can be in a randomly ordered orientation. After the production of the hydraulic mount stop shell 8, the fibres 34 can comprise displaced fibres 30 and alignment fibres 22, as explained below. 15 In addition, ordered fibre orientation is also entirely conceivable outside the peripheral edge region 20. Aligned fibres are present in the peripheral edge region 20. Aligned fibres can be referred to as alignment fibres 22. A large proportion of the fibres in the peripheral edge region 20 follows the profile of the aperture 12 in its peripheral direction II. Along the peripheral direction II, the average preferential direction of the fibres 34 in the overall peripheral edge region 20 de-0 viates by a maximum of 45° from the peripheral direction II. More fibres are therefore oriented in the peripheral direction II than perpendicularly thereto. The angle indication is given in a central surface ZF of the corresponding hydraulic mount stop shell 8, as Fig. 3a shows. Fibres 34 which run parallel to the peripheral direction II have an angle of 0° with respect thereto. Fibres 34 which run perpendicularly to the peripheral direction II have an angle of 90° with respect 25 thereto. Each fibre 34 can be symbolized mathematically by a vector V, which can be seen by way of example for a fibre 34 on the right-hand side of the aperture 12 in Fig. 4. This fibre 34 or its vector V is adjacent to a location S24 in the peripheral surface 24 of the aperture 12. A tangent T 30 passes through this location S24. A corresponding angle in space, in this case 0°, can be set up between the vector V and the tangent T. The angle indication in degrees (°) can refer to an angle in a central surface of the corresponding hydraulic mount stop shell. By virtue of their orientation, the fibres 34 in the peripheral edge region 20 which follow the pro-35 file of the aperture 12 in the peripheral direction II thus form a fibre frame 36 which directly surrounds and reinforces the aperture 12. The fibre concentration in the peripheral edge region 20 is higher than in other regions of the hydraulic mount stop shell 8. More than 50% of the fibres of the peripheral edge region are aligned in the peripheral direction II of the aperture 12, i.e. 19Q8 25 they enclose an angle of less than 45° with the tangent T. The average fibre length of the fibreplastic composite is greater than 5 mm. A ratio of fibre length to fibre thickness of the fibres is at least 500:1. Producing the aperture 12 by a separating method results in the presence of open, sheared or cut fibre ends 38 in the peripheral surface 24. 5 The hydraulic mount stop shells 8 can each be produced from a semi-finished fibre-plastic composite which, in respect of its volume, consists of at least 75% either of a semi-finished thermoplastic composite, reinforced with long glass fibres or continuous fibres, in the form of a plate and / or a three-dimensional body, or of a semi-finished composite consisting of a curable poly-10 mer resin reinforced with long glass fibres. With reference to Fig. 4, the hydraulic mount stop shells 8 can be produced by means of the following method, which can be an extrusion method. First of all, a mould having a cavity can be provided. A semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can then be arranged in the mould. Here, the 15 semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can be prefabricated in such a way that it does not project beyond the edge of the cavity and, at the same time, corresponds to the volume of the finished half-shell with the aperture to be punched out. The semi-finished fibre-plastic composite is therefore smaller than 100 mm x 100 mm, wherein its thickness is no greater than 15 mm, preferably no thicker than 8 mm. It is also possible to stack a plurality of prefabricated semi-finished 0 products. This can be followed by closure of the mould and compression moulding of the semifinished fibre-plastic composite. Before the subsequent step of displacement, a step of plasticization of the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can take place. The step of closing the mould can comprise the subsidiary step of displacing fibres 30 out of a region B12 in which the aperture 12 is provided into the peripheral edge region 20. After the step of compression moulding 25 and / or curing, a step of making the aperture 12 by means of a separating method can take place. After separation, a hydraulic mount stop shell 8 has been created. The arrangement of the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite leads to an initial orientation of the fibres of the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite. Displacement of the fibres 30 from the region 30 B12 of the aperture 12 into the peripheral edge region 20 leads to reorientation of these fibres. The corresponding fibres 30 are reoriented; they may be referred to as alignment fibres 22. The displacement of the fibres 30 can take place along displacement arrows P. The semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can be a thermoplastic matrix with unoriented continu-35 ous fibres 34. The semi-finished fibre-plastic composite can be placed in the mould in such a way that fibres 34 are arranged in the region B12 in which the aperture 12 is provided, or project into said region. The invention is not restricted to the embodiments described above but can be modified in a variety of ways. All the features and advantages that emerge from the claims, the description and the drawing, including design details, spatial arrangements and method steps, may be essential to the invention either in themselves or in a very wide variety of combinations. 5 The scope of the invention includes all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the claims and / or the figures. To avoid repetitions, features disclosed in respect of the device should be deemed to be also 10 disclosed and claimable in respect of the method. Likewise, features disclosed in respect of the method should be deemed to be disclosed and claimable in respect of the device. 19 08 25 List of reference signs 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 B12 B20 K P R S S24 T U V w z ZF hydraulic mount core sleeve hydraulic mount stop shell stop stopper aperture chamber chamber stopper means peripheral edge region alignment fibres peripheral surface fracture edge supporting cage elastomer covering fibre elastomer fibre fibre frame fibre end region width sphere displacement arrow radial direction thickness location tangent peripheral direction vector wall thickness central longitudinal axis central surface 19Q8 25

Claims

1. Hydraulic mount (2), which has a central longitudinal axis (Z), comprising5 a core (4),a sleeve (6), which surrounds the core (4),at least two hydraulic mount stop shells (8) between the core (4) and the sleeve (6), one stop stopper (10) for each hydraulic mount stop shell (8), which is supported on the hydraulic mount stop shell (8) and is arranged radially on the outside with respect to the10 core (4),wherein each hydraulic mount stop shell (8) comprises at least one aperture (12) in the radial direction (R), which is delimited by a peripheral edge region (20), wherein the corresponding stop stopper (10) is arranged in such a way as to be able to project into this aperture (12) when subjected to loading in the radial direction (R), wherein the aperture15 (12) is an aperture produced by means of a separating method, and / or the aperture (12)has fibre ends (38) of the fibre-plastic composite at the peripheral surface (24) machined by means of the separating method, and at least two chambers (14, 16), which can be filled or are filled with a hydraulic fluid and are connected fluidically to one another via a channel, wherein each hydraulic mount stop shell (8) is formed from a fibre-plastic com-0 posite, wherein each hydraulic mount stop shell (8) is an injection-moulded part or an extruded part.

2. Hydraulic mount (2) according to Claim 1, characterized in that each hydraulic mount stop shell (8) is free of weld lines.

53. Hydraulic mount (2) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aperture has a uniform fibre-break and / or fibre-cut pattern over the entire periphery on its inner peripheral surface.30 4. Hydraulic mount (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that thehydraulic mount stop shells (8) are each produced from a semi-finished fibre-plastic composite which, in respect of its volume, consists of at least 75% either of a semi-finished thermoplastic composite, reinforced with long glass fibres, in the form of a plate and / or a three-dimensional body, or of a semi-finished composite consisting of a curable polymer35 resin reinforced with long glass fibres.

5. Hydraulic mount (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibres of the peripheral edge region (20) are oriented in the peripheral direction (II).19 08 256. Hydraulic mount (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mean fibre length of the fibres of the hydraulic mount stop shell (8) is greater than 5 mm, preferably greater than 10 mm.

57. Hydraulic mount (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic mount stop shells (8) have a surface projection of less than 100 mm x 100 mm.

8. Hydraulic mount (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the 10 hydraulic mount stop shells (8) are of elastomer-free design on the outer periphery,and / or have a separating edge or a separating burr and are supported on an elastomer covering (28) of a supporting cage (26) of the hydraulic mount (2).

9. Method for producing a hydraulic mount stop shell (8) comprising the following steps: 5 - providing a mould, - arranging a semi-finished fibre-plastic composite in the mould, - closing the mould and extruding the semi-finished fibre-plastic composite.0 10. Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the step of closing the mould comprises the subsidiary step of displacing fibres (30) out of a region (B) in which the aperture (12) is provided into a peripheral edge (20) delimiting the aperture (12).

11. Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that a step of plasticizing the semi-fin-25 ished fibre-plastic composite takes place before the step of displacement, thus enablingthe semi-finished fibre-plastic composite to be deformed during the step of displacement.

12. Method according to one of preceding Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that a step of making an aperture (12) by means of a separating method takes place after the step of 30 compression moulding and / or curing.

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