Vacuum insulation panel

Abstract

To improve fire-protecting performance in a part of a vacuum insulation panel subject to mechanical load.SOLUTION: A heat-resistant vacuum insulation panel 1 includes two heat-resistant protective layers 5, 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The invention relates to a vacuum insulation panel having the features set forth in the preamble of claim 1 .

[0002] Vacuum insulation panels are used, for example, for high performance insulation of refrigeration and freezing appliances and for insulation of shipping containers for temperature-sensitive cargo or as a retrofit heat shield in building renovations.

[0003] Vacuum insulation panels typically have a planar core made of open-pore material and a packaging that tightly, completely and airtightly encloses this core on all sides, making it possible to evacuate the space inside the packaging and thus bring the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel to very low values.

[0004] DE 10 2016 013 199 A1, which forms the starting point of the present invention, discloses such a vacuum insulation panel.

[0005] For certain applications, such as those in civil engineering or vehicle construction, high fire protection requirements must be met. Therefore, in the design described in DE 10 2016 013 199 A1, the vacuum insulation panel is provided with an additional protective layer, which comprises a heat-resistant material and is arranged on the outside at least in certain areas in order to meet the fire protection requirements.

[0006] The heat-resistant protective layer essentially consists of mica particles fixed in place with a binder. For optimal handling, the mica particles are applied to and fixed on a planar support material, in particular a woven glass fabric. The binder used is a synthetic resin or synthetic rubber.

[0007] The mica particles are bonded to either the inner layer or the outer layer, or to both the inner and outer layers, by a binder. However, the binder does not completely penetrate into the layer containing the mica particles. Therefore, the mica particles are only bonded to each other by weak van der Waals bonds in the center of the heat-resistant layer. Therefore, in actual use, the heat-resistant layer has a low bond strength (cohesion strength), especially a bond strength lower than 0.1 N / mm2.

[0008] If the vacuum insulation panel is mechanically attached, for example by gripping it, the low bond strength (cohesion) of the heat-resistant protective layer is not an issue because only small shear and / or peel forces are exerted on the vacuum insulation panel packaging or the heat-resistant protective layer.

[0009] In particular, when the vacuum insulation panel is fixed by adhesion or bonding and / or when an object is fixed to the heat-resistant protective layer of the vacuum insulation panel by adhesion or bonding, delamination of the heat-resistant protective layer and / or cohesive failure of the heat-resistant protective layer may occur in actual use because the peel and / or shear forces that occur cannot be absorbed by the heat-resistant protective layer. This effect increases as the thickness of the layers that form the heat-resistant protective layer and / or the number of layers that form the heat-resistant protective layer increases.

[0010] Against this background, the problem underlying the present invention is to provide an improved vacuum insulation panel with a heat-resistant packaging, which in particular provides improved fire protection and / or is able to absorb greater peel and / or shear forces.

[0011] The above problem is solved by a vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1. Advantageous configurations and refinements are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0012] The vacuum insulation panel preferably comprises a core made of an open-pore material and an airtight packaging surrounding the core, preferably in this case the packaging has an airtight barrier layer, an optional intermediate layer, and further has a first heat-resistant protective layer at least in a predetermined area, preferably over the entire surface.

[0013] In this vacuum insulation panel, the packaging has - in particular in addition to the first heat-resistant protective layer - a second heat-resistant protective layer at least in a predetermined area, preferably at least on the edge of the packaging and / or on the tab portion of the vacuum insulation panel, or over the entire surface.

[0014] The second heat resistant protective layer preferably forms the outermost layer or exterior of the vacuum insulation panel or package, at least in predetermined areas.

[0015] Preferably, the second heat-resistant protective layer is arranged - in particular in an isotropic manner, at the edge of the vacuum insulation panel or packaging and / or at the tab of the vacuum insulation panel - outside the barrier layer, outside the optional intermediate layer, outside the first heat-resistant protective layer and / or outside the cover layer located outside the first heat-resistant protective layer.

[0016] The second heat-resistant protective layer improves the fire protection and mechanical stability / load resistance of the vacuum insulation panel or package compared to the prior art or to vacuum insulation panels with only one heat-resistant protective layer. In particular, the fire protection of the vacuum insulation panel is improved. Furthermore, due to the second heat-resistant protective layer, greater peel and / or shear forces can be absorbed.

[0017] The first heat-resistant protective layer (hereinafter always referred to as "first protective layer") serves in particular to improve the heat resistance of the vacuum insulation panel or to meet the fire protection requirements imposed on the vacuum insulation panel.

[0018] The second heat-resistant protective layer (hereinafter always referred to as "second protective layer") certainly serves to improve the heat resistance of the vacuum insulation panel or to meet the fire protection requirements imposed on the vacuum insulation panel, but in addition to this it is desirable that the second protective layer protects the first protective layer from external influences and thereby improves the mechanical stability / load-bearing capacity of the vacuum insulation panel or packaging.

[0019] Preferably, the second heat-resistant protective layer has increased mechanical stability / load-bearing capacity compared to the first protective layer.

[0020] In particular, the second protective layer is stronger, more rigid, harder, more thermally conductive and / or less elastic than the first protective layer, especially at high temperatures, e.g., above 200°C, 400°C or 600°C.

[0021] Preferably, the first protective layer is formed as a sheet and / or the second protective layer is formed as a paint, in particular an intumescent fireproof paint.

[0022] Preferably, the second protective layer uniformly distributes the forces or pressures acting on it, in particular the high surface loads that arise on small contact areas, for example when fixing by adhesive or cohesion, to the first protective layer or to the interface between the second protective layer and one or more layers directly adjacent to the second protective layer.

[0023] The second protective layer may form the exterior of the vacuum insulation panel in a predetermined area, partially, or entirely, or may be positioned outside the barrier layer, outside the optional intermediate layer, outside the first protective layer, and / or outside the optional cover layer.

[0024] Preferably, the second protective layer is arranged at least in the outer regions of the vacuum insulation panel which are particularly exposed to high peel and / or shear forces and / or high heat input due to fire.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second protective layer is arranged or applied (deposited, painted, superimposed) at least or exclusively on the tab section or overlap area of ​​the vacuum insulation panel and / or covers / protects the tab section or overlap area from the outside. Preferably, applying (depositing, painting, superimposing) the second protective layer on the tab section or overlap area increases the mechanical load-bearing capacity and fire protection of the vacuum insulation panel. It has been found that solutions known from the prior art with only one protective layer have reduced fire protection, especially in the tab section or overlap area.

[0026] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the second protective layer is provided at least or exclusively on the edge or end side or marginal region of the vacuum insulation panel or packaging and / or the second protective layer forms the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel or packaging at least or exclusively on the edge or end side or marginal region.

[0027] In particular, the second protective layer may form an edge protector for the vacuum insulation panel or package.

[0028] In the edge regions, for example, the vacuum insulation panel is more likely to be damaged by high friction forces.

[0029] Depending on manufacturing conditions, the vacuum insulation panel may have a tab or an area where the layers of the packaging overlap (hereinafter referred to as "overlap area"). Similarly, damage to the overlapping layers, particularly delamination, may occur more frequently in the tab or overlap area. Further differences between the first and second protective layers and / or special properties of the second protective layer relative to the first protective layer and vice versa, particularly with regard to their material properties, are described below. However, this list is not necessarily exhaustive.

[0030] The second protective layer preferably has a greater bond strength than the first protective layer.

[0031] The second protective layer preferably has an adhesion strength to one or more layers directly adjacent to the second protective layer that is greater than the adhesion strength of the first protective layer to one or more layers directly adjacent to the first protective layer.

[0032] Bond strength in the present invention is generally expressed in terms of the force per unit area that must be applied to cause the internal bond of one layer, i.e., fracture within the layer or ply failure.

[0033] Adhesion strength in the present invention is generally expressed in terms of the force per unit area that must be applied to cause bonding at the interface of two layers, i.e., separation of the two layers or failure of the interface.

[0034] As already mentioned, the second protective layer has a higher strength, particularly bending strength, puncture strength and / or abrasion strength, than the first protective layer, a higher rigidity, particularly bending rigidity, a higher hardness and / or a higher thermal conductivity than the first protective layer.

[0035] The strength of a material in the present invention is generally expressed by the stress that a part made of the material has when it breaks under a tensile load. To measure the strength of a material, a part made of the material is used that is uniform in terms of geometric shape, dimensions, and force application surface. Preferably, the strength of a material is determined by the method described in DIN EN ISO 527-1:2019.

[0036] The flexural strength of a material in the present invention generally refers to the stress that a part made of the material experiences when subjected to a bending load and fails. To measure the flexural strength of a material, a part made of the material is used that is uniform in terms of geometric shape, dimensions, and bending surface. Preferably, the flexural strength of a material is determined by the method described in DIN EN ISO 14125:2011-05.

[0037] The abrasion resistance of a material in the present invention is generally expressed by the resistance of the surface of the material to mechanical load, particularly friction. Preferably, when a friction load is applied using a constant pressing pressure, the same lateral friction force, and the same friction body, a layer with higher abrasion resistance has a smaller geometric layer removal and / or molar layer removal than a layer with lower abrasion resistance. Preferably, the abrasion resistance of a material is determined by the method described in DIN EN ISO 10545-7:1999-03.

[0038] The puncture strength of a material in the present invention generally refers to the stability of the material against point mechanical loads, for example from sharp objects. Preferably, the puncture strength of a material is determined by the method described in DIN EN 14477:2004-06.

[0039] The thermal conductivity of a material in the present invention is generally expressed by the rate at which the temperatures of two heat sinks approach each other when they are separated from each other by the material.

[0040] The use of the second protective layer allows the first protective layer of the vacuum insulation panel to be thinner than in the case of vacuum insulation panels in which only one protective layer is used, without compromising the heat / fire resistance of the package, thus reducing production costs.

[0041] Preferably, fire protection in the present invention is understood to mean any measure that prevents and / or delays the outbreak and spread of fire or fire damage and / or prevents the outbreak and spread of fire or fire damage.

[0042] Preferably, the fire protection requirements imposed on the vacuum insulation panel are met if it can correspond to class B1, preferably A2, in particular A1, of DIN 4102-1:1998-05 and / or if the prerequisites / characteristics according to AITM 2.0053, AITM 2.0007B, AITM 3.0005 and / or AITM 2.0006 are fulfilled.

[0043] Preferably, the terms fire resistance, heat resistance, thermal load capacity / resistance and / or heat resistance are used synonymously.

[0044] Preferably, the second protective layer is materially bonded to one or more layers directly adjacent to the second protective layer.

[0045] Preferably, the second protective layer can be applied (deposited, painted, layered) as required, in particular in a single process step and / or in the final manufacturing step of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0046] Preferably, the second protective layer is applied or can be applied - in particular in an area, to the edge and / or tab portion of the vacuum insulation panel - by spray application, brush application, roll coating and / or roller application.

[0047] As already mentioned, the second protective layer is preferably formed as a paint and / or the first protective layer is preferably formed as a sheet.

[0048] The first protective layer and / or the second protective layer may be formed in a single layer or in multiple layers, for example by multiple spray coatings, brush coatings, roll coatings, roller coatings and / or wrappings.

[0049] Due to the different properties and / or configuration of the protective layers, the protective layers, especially when arranged in a precise manner relative to one another, can cooperate synergistically, particularly advantageously in terms of the thermal load-bearing / resistance of the packaging, in terms of the mechanical load-bearing / resistance of the packaging and / or in terms of the manufacturing costs of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0050] For example, the packaging may have a first protective layer, especially primarily in areas or sections where there is a high heat introduction into the vacuum insulation panel, for example in the event of a fire. Alternatively or additionally, the packaging may have a second protective layer in areas or sections where high peel and / or shear forces act on the vacuum insulation panel.

[0051] In a first embodiment or first arrangement variant, the second protective layer is arranged, at least in certain areas or over the entire surface, preferably directly on the outside of the first protective layer or on the side of the first protective layer facing away from the core, i.e. in this embodiment or arrangement variant, the second protective layer forms the outermost layer or the outside of the vacuum insulation panel or packaging.

[0052] As already mentioned, the second protective layer preferably, in particular in the first arrangement variant, distributes evenly the forces acting on the second protective layer, in particular the high surface loads that arise, for example, when fixing by adhesion or cohesion to small contact surfaces, to the directly adjacent layers, in particular the first protective layer.

[0053] In this way, in the first arrangement variant, the surface load acting on the first protective layer is reduced, so that greater peel and / or shear forces can be absorbed compared to the vacuum insulation panel disclosed in DE 10 2016 013 199 A1.

[0054] Preferably, the first arrangement variant results in slower delamination of the first protective layer and / or no delamination of the first protective layer at all compared to the vacuum insulation panel disclosed in DE 10 2016 013 199 A1.

[0055] In a second embodiment or second arrangement variant, a second protective layer is arranged, at least in certain areas or over the entire surface, preferably directly on the outside of the barrier layer and / or on the outside of the optional intermediate layer.

[0056] Therefore, in the second embodiment or second arrangement variant, the packaging body does not have the first protective layer at least in a predetermined area.

[0057] Preferably, in the second embodiment or second arrangement, the surface load that can be absorbed by the vacuum insulation panel without breaking is increased compared to the first arrangement, and therefore the second arrangement is particularly suitable for areas where very high peel and / or shear forces act on the vacuum insulation panel or package, for example in areas where two vacuum insulation panels are glued or adhered to each other.

[0058] The first and second arrangement variants may be combined with each other, in particular in such a case that the vacuum insulation panel has the first arrangement variant in a given area, for example on the flat side, or has both the first and second protective layers, and the second arrangement variant in a given area, for example on the end side, or has only the second protective layer.

[0059] In particular, in areas of the vacuum insulation panel to which one or more other vacuum insulation panels or objects are fixed on the outside, only the second arrangement variant or the second protective layer may be provided, preferably in order to achieve the largest possible surface load that can be absorbed by the vacuum insulation panel without destruction.

[0060] In areas of the vacuum insulation panel that form the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel and / or assembly in the normal use state of the vacuum insulation panel or in the assembled state of the vacuum insulation panel, an increased degree of heat resistance is preferably achieved by providing a first arrangement variant or both a first and a second protective layer.

[0061] The first protective layer, like the second protective layer, may be arranged, in selected areas, or partially or entirely, on the outside of the barrier layer and / or on the outside of the intermediate layer, and may in particular be glued or adhered.

[0062] As already mentioned, the first protective layer is preferably formed as a sheet which is wrapped and / or glued or adhered around the vacuum insulation panel or core or barrier layer partially, completely or overlapping during the manufacturing process.

[0063] In a particularly preferred embodiment, a second protective layer is provided or applied at least in the overlapping area of ​​the first protective layer formed as a sheet, in particular thereby fixing the overlapping sheet or sheet portion of the first protective layer.

[0064] It is specifically intended that when the first protective layer is partially deposited (deposited, painted, superimposed), the second protective layer secures the individual sheet portions at the edges.

[0065] Preferably, when the first protective layer is partially applied (deposited, coated, superimposed), the areas of the packaging body where the packaging body does not have the first protective layer are equipped with a second protective layer or such areas are filled with the second protective layer, in particular in this case the second protective layer is arranged directly on the barrier layer or intermediate layer in these areas.

[0066] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first protective layer is applied (deposited, painted, superimposed) in a pattern, for example in the form of stripes, dots or a mesh.

[0067] Preferably, the patterned application (deposition, painting, or layering) of the first protective layer allows for high bond strength, especially on the large exterior surfaces of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0068] Preferably, a pattern-wise applied (deposited, painted, superimposed) first protective layer is covered, filled and / or stabilized by a second protective layer.

[0069] Preferably, in areas where the second protective layer fills the pattern of the first protective layer, there is direct contact between the second protective layer and the barrier layer and / or intermediate layer.

[0070] Such an embodiment advantageously has a high bond strength and additionally meets the fire protection requirements imposed on vacuum insulation panels.

[0071] Furthermore, the first protective layer applied (deposited, painted, superimposed) in a pattern and the second protective layer filling this pattern increase the surface roughness on the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel and therefore the adhesion potential - for example, of adhesive tape, sticky tape or other attachment means.

[0072] The aspects and features of the present invention listed above and those described below can be realized separately and independently from one another, but can also be realized in any combination.

[0073] Further advantages, features, characteristics and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the appended claims and the preferred embodiments described below in conjunction with the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0074] [Figure 1]1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of the edge area of ​​a proposed vacuum insulation panel. [Figure 2] 2 is an enlarged view showing the area indicated by the dashed line in the vacuum insulation panel shown in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the overlap area of ​​a proposed vacuum insulation panel. [Figure 4] 1 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of a proposed vacuum insulation panel with folded tab portions. FIG. [Figure 5] 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a schematic representation of another embodiment of the proposed vacuum insulation panel.

[0075] In these drawings, which are partially not to scale and are only schematic, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts, components and devices, in which case the same or corresponding advantages and properties are obtained even if repeated description is omitted.

[0076] In the following, the basic structure of the proposed vacuum insulation panel 1 will first be explained with reference to Figures 1 and 2. Figures 3 and 4 show special areas of the vacuum insulation panel 1. Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the vacuum insulation panel 1.

[0077] The partial cross-sectional view shown in Figure 1 shows the edge area of ​​the proposed vacuum insulation panel 1 according to a first embodiment. Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of the area indicated by the dashed dotted line of the vacuum insulation panel 1 shown in Figure 1.

[0078] However, the following description relating to the embodiment shown in Figures 1-4 also applies correspondingly to the embodiment shown in Figure 5, and vice versa. In particular, the embodiment shown in Figures 1-4 may have one, some, or all of the features of the embodiment shown in Figure 5, and vice versa.

[0079] The proposed vacuum insulation panel 1 may have different shapes and / or dimensions.

[0080] Typically, the vacuum insulation panel 1 is formed as a plate. However, the vacuum insulation panel 1 may be curved, angled, and / or have a thickness that varies across the length and / or width of the vacuum insulation panel.

[0081] Preferably, the vacuum insulation panel 1 comprises a core 2 and an especially multi-layered packaging 3. The packaging 3 covers the core 2 from the outside, on all sides and / or completely.

[0082] The packaging 3 may form a tab, in particular in the edge region or at each end of the vacuum insulation panel 1. Figure 1 shows the tab formed by the packaging 3, which has not (yet) been folded / applied to the vacuum insulation panel 1.

[0083] To reduce the thermal conductivity of the core 2 or the vacuum insulation panel 1 or to improve the insulating properties of the vacuum insulation panel 1, the core 2 is evacuated or evacuable.

[0084] Preferably, the core 2 comprises or consists of an open-pore material such as a microporous silicate powder.

[0085] Particularly preferably, the core is formed as described in paragraphs 3 to 7 of DE 10 2016 013 199 A1.

[0086] Preferably, the vacuum insulation panel 1, in particular the packaging 3, has an airtight barrier layer 4, in particular in this case, by means of which the evacuated state of the core 2 is maintained.

[0087] In the present invention, the term "airtight" particularly refers to -10 mbar*l / s, especially 10 -9 greater than mbar*l / s and / or 10 -7 Smaller than mbar*l / s, especially 10 -8This can be interpreted as a permeability value smaller than mbar*l / s. The permeability value is preferably determined for water vapor permeability and air permeability at the molecular level, as described in DIN 53380-3:1998 DE.

[0088] Particularly preferred are those having an air permeability of 20 mbar*l / (m 2 *y) or 6mbar*l / (m 2 *y), particularly preferably at least substantially 2 mbar*l / (m 2 *y) and / or a water vapor transmission rate of 0.05g / (m 2 *day) or 0.03g / (m 2 *day), particularly preferably at least substantially 0.02 g / (m 2 *day), the layer is said to be airtight. These permeabilities are measured by conventional, commonly used measuring methods.

[0089] The barrier layer 4 is preferably formed as a thin metallization or metal sheet or other sheet, and in particular comprises or consists of aluminum.

[0090] Preferably, the barrier layer 4 has a thickness of more than 5 μm, 10 μm or 30 μm and / or less than 100 μm or 70 μm. In particular, the barrier layer 4 has a thickness of at least substantially 50 μm.

[0091] Preferably, the barrier layer 4 is made up of or formed from two or more layer parts or sheet pieces, in particular in this case, these layer parts or sheet pieces extend in the circumferential direction and are abutted against one another and / or overlap and abut against one another and / or are hermetically joined to one another.

[0092] The barrier layer 4 is preferably disposed directly or indirectly on the core 2 .

[0093] Preferably, the barrier layer 4 covers the core 2 completely, in particular hermetically.

[0094] Preferably, the packaging body 3 has a first heat-resistant protective layer 5 at least in a predetermined area, in particular over the entire surface, and / or a second heat-resistant protective layer 6 at least in a predetermined area, in particular over the entire surface.

[0095] As already explained at the beginning, the vacuum insulation panel 1 achieves improved mechanical stability / load bearing / resistance compared to the prior art, in particular a higher peel force and / or shear force absorption and / or improved thermal stability / load bearing / resistance or improved fire protection of the vacuum insulation panel 1.

[0096] Optionally, the vacuum insulation panel 1 or package 3 has an inner layer 7, a sealing layer 8, an intermediate layer 9 and / or a cover layer 10, preferably in this case the inner layer 7 and / or the sealing layer 8 are arranged between the barrier layer 4 and the core 2, and / or the intermediate layer 9 is arranged between the core 2, the inner layer 7, the sealing layer 8 and / or the barrier layer 4 on the one hand and the first heat-resistant protective layer 5, the cover layer 10 and / or the second heat-resistant protective layer 6 on the other hand.

[0097] Individual layers or all layers of the vacuum insulation panel 1, in particular the first heat-resistant protective layer 5 and / or the second heat-resistant protective layer 6 (respectively), may be constructed in a single layer or in a multi-layer.

[0098] DE 10 2016 013 199 A1 describes several possible configurations of the packaging body 3, to which reference is made herein. In particular, the packaging body 3 may be configured as disclosed on pages 4 and 5 of DE 10 2016 013 199 A1, apart from the additional second protective layer 6.

[0099] Preferably, the first heat-resistant protective layer 5 (hereinafter referred to as “first protective layer 5 ”) has particularly good thermal stability / load-bearing / resistance compared to the second heat-resistant protective layer 6 .

[0100] Preferably, the second heat-resistant protective layer 6 (hereinafter referred to as “second protective layer 6 ”) has particularly good mechanical stability / load-bearing / resistance compared to the first protective layer 5 .

[0101] The first protective layer 5 and / or the second protective layer 6 are preferably arranged - directly or indirectly - on the outside of the barrier layer 4, on the outside of the inner layer 7, on the outside of the sealing layer 8, on the outside of the intermediate layer 9 and / or on the outside of the cover layer 10.

[0102] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 is disposed externally of the first protective layer 5 and / or externally of the optional cover layer 10 .

[0103] In particular, the second protective layer 6 forms—at least in certain areas—the outermost layer of the vacuum insulation panel 1 or packaging 3 .

[0104] Suitable arrangements of the first protective layer 5, the second protective layer 6, the inner layer 7, the sealing layer 8, the intermediate layer 9 and / or the cover layer 10 will be described in more detail below.

[0105] Further differences between the first and second protective layers 5 and 6 and / or special properties of the second protective layer 6 relative to the first protective layer 5 and vice versa, particularly with regard to their material properties, are now described, although this list is not necessarily exhaustive.

[0106] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 and / or the second protective layer 6 comprises or consists of a heat-resistant material.

[0107] The first protective layer 5 and the second protective layer 6 are preferably made from different heat-resistant (basic) materials, as will be explained in more detail below. However, it is also possible in principle for the first protective layer 5 and the second protective layer 6 to be made from the same heat-resistant (basic) material and / or to differ (only) in additives such as fillers.

[0108] In the present invention, the term "heat resistant" or "fire resistant" is preferably understood as the (thermal) stability / load bearing / resistance or resistance of a material or part to high temperatures, in particular temperatures above 250° C., 450° C. or 700° C., preferably for times longer than 5, 10 or 30 minutes. The terms "heat resistant" and "fire resistant" may preferably be understood as synonyms and are therefore interchangeable.

[0109] A material or part, in particular the first protective layer 5 and / or the second protective layer 6, is in particular heat-resistant / fire-resistant when it maintains its properties, such as bonded state (cohesion), shape, strength, thermal conductivity or the like, at use temperatures above 250°C, preferably above 450°C, in particular above 700°C, preferably for a time longer than 5, 10 or 30 minutes, or does not change its properties so significantly that it is no longer suitable for the desired use (in this case, protection of the vacuum insulation panel 1, preferably all layers and / or materials covered by the protective layer 5 or protective layer 6, in particular the core 2 and / or barrier layer 4).

[0110] Preferably, a material or component, in particular the vacuum insulation panel 1, the first protective layer 5 and / or the second protective layer 6, is heat-resistant / fire-resistant if it fulfills the requirements for the fire behavior of building materials and components according to DIN 4102-2|1977-09 and / or the fire resistance test according to DIN EN 1363-1|2020-05, in particular the requirements for fire resistance times of F30, F60, F90, F120 or F180 of one of these standards and / or the prerequisites / properties according to AITM 2.0053, AITM 2.0007B, AITM 3.0005 and / or AITM 2.0006.

[0111] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the first protective layer 5 and the thermal conductivity of the second protective layer 6 are different.

[0112] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the second protective layer 6 is higher than the thermal conductivity of the first protective layer 5 by a factor of more than 1.5, in particular by a factor of more than 2.

[0113] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the second protective layer 6 is greater than 0.001 W / (m*K), preferably greater than 0.01 W / (m*K) or 0.02 W / (m*K), and / or less than 1 W / (m*K), preferably less than 0.3 W / (m*K) or 0.1 W / (m*K).

[0114] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the first protective layer 5 is greater than 0.0005 W / (m*K), preferably greater than 0.001 W / (m*K), and / or less than 0.1 W / (m*K), preferably less than 0.05 W / (m*K).

[0115] The first protective layer 5 has a longer fire resistance time than the second protective layer 6 .

[0116] Preferably, the fire resistance time of the first protective layer 5 is 1.5 times, in particular 2 times, greater than the fire resistance time of the second protective layer 6 .

[0117] The thermal conductivity of the protective layer 5 or 6 is preferably decisive for the fire resistance time, since the greater the thermal conductivity, the shorter the time it takes for the protective layer 5 or 6 to release enough heat to an adjacent layer that the adjacent layer will ignite and / or be destroyed.

[0118] Due to the first protective layer 5 having a lower thermal conductivity than the second protective layer 6, the use of the first protective layer 5 in the present invention is advantageous in order to meet particularly high fire protection requirements.

[0119] Preferably, the material effort required to meet a particular fire protection requirement, in particular in terms of volume, amount of material, total cost for material, thickness and / or weight, is less for the first protective layer 5 than for the second protective layer 6.

[0120] Therefore, to meet fire protection requirements, it may be more economical to form the first protective layer 5 to the thickness required for this than to form the second protective layer 6 to the thickness required for this.

[0121] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 has a thickness of 5 g / m 2 Larger than 25g / m 2 and / or 200 g / m 2 Smaller than 100g / m 2 It has a smaller weight per unit area than

[0122] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has a thickness of 5 g / m 2 Larger than 50g / m 2 and / or 1000g / m 2 Smaller than 500g / m 2 It has a smaller weight per unit area than

[0123] Preferably, the weight per unit area of ​​the first protective layer 5 is greater than the weight per unit area of ​​the second protective layer 6 by a factor greater than 1.5, in particular by a factor greater than 2.

[0124] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has a thickness of 50 g / m 3 Larger than 150g / m 3 greater than and / or 500g / m 3 Smaller than 300g / m 3 It has a density less than

[0125] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 has a thickness greater than 0.02 mm, in particular greater than 0.05 mm, and / or less than 1 mm, in particular less than 0.15 mm.

[0126] Preferably, the thickness of the first protective layer 5 is greater than the thickness of the (unfoamed) second protective layer 6 by a factor of more than 1.5, in particular by a factor of more than 2.

[0127] The thickness of the second protective layer 6 or the change in thickness of the second protective layer 6 due to heat introduction will be described later.

[0128] As already explained, the first protective layer 5 and / or the second protective layer 6 may be formed or painted only over a predetermined area, only partially, or over the entire surface.

[0129] The first protective layer 5 and / or the second protective layer 6 may cover the directly adjacent layers, in particular the barrier layer 4, the intermediate layer 9 and / or the cover layer 10, i.e. only over a certain area, or only partially, or completely.

[0130] It has been found that when two protective layers 5 or 6 are used, one or both of the protective layers 5 or 6 may be provided only over a certain area or only partially in order to meet the fire protection requirements.

[0131] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 covers a large part of the vacuum insulation panel 1, in particular the barrier layer 4 and / or the intermediate layer 9, particularly preferably more than 60%, in particular more than 70% and / or less than 98%, in particular less than 95%.

[0132] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 forms the majority of the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel 1 or packaging 3, preferably more than 60%, in particular more than 70% and / or less than 98%, in particular less than 95%.

[0133] As already mentioned, the second protective layer 6 is formed to protect the first protective layer 5 against external mechanical influences or to uniformly distribute forces acting on the first protective layer 5. In particular, the second protective layer 6 is more rigid and / or stronger than the first protective layer 5.

[0134] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 is arranged externally, in particular directly, on the first protective layer 5 .

[0135] Preferably, the puncture strength of the second protective layer 6, in particular the puncture strength of the second protective layer 6 according to DIN EN 14477:2004-06, is greater than 10 N, preferably greater than 15 N and / or less than 100 N, preferably less than 50 N.

[0136] Preferably, the bending stiffness of the second protective layer 6 is greater than the bending stiffness of the first protective layer 5 by a factor of more than 1.5, in particular by a factor of more than 2.

[0137] Preferably, the bending stiffness of the first protective layer 5 is 0.01 N*mm 2 greater than 0.05N*mm 2 and / or greater than 10N*mm 2 smaller than 5N*mm 2 is smaller than.

[0138] Preferably, the bending stiffness of the second protective layer 6 is 0.1 N*mm 2 greater than 0.5N*mm 2 greater than and / or 20N*mm 2 is smaller than 15N*mm 2 is smaller than.

[0139] The high bending stiffness of the second protective layer 6 allows for uniform distribution of forces or surface loads. Preferably, by proper sizing and / or positioning of the second protective layer 6, the forces or surface loads acting on the first protective layer 5 can be reduced to an extent that does not destroy the first protective layer 5.

[0140] Preferably, the use of the second protective layer 6 increases the peel and / or shear forces that can be absorbed by the vacuum insulation panel 1 without failure.

[0141] Preferably, the peel and / or shear forces that can be absorbed by the vacuum insulation panel 1 without destruction are increased by a factor of 1.5, in particular by a factor of 2, compared to the vacuum insulation panel disclosed in DE 102016013199 A1.

[0142] Preferably, the vacuum insulation panel 1 can absorb peel and / or shear forces of more than 50 N, preferably more than 100 N, particularly preferably more than 150 N, without breaking.

[0143] Preferably, the vacuum insulation panel 1 has a resistance of 10 N / m 2 greater than 50 N / m 2 more preferably greater than 100 N / m 2 It can absorb a surface load greater than 1000kJ / s without failure.

[0144] Preferably, the bonding strength of the second protective layer 6 is greater than that of the first protective layer 5 by a factor of more than 1.5, in particular by a factor of more than 2.

[0145] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has a resistance of 0.01 N / mm2 greater than 0.1N / mm 2 and / or greater than 150N / mm 2 Smaller than 100N / mm 2 has a bond strength less than

[0146] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 has a resistance of 0.005 N / mm 2 greater than 0.05N / mm 2 greater than and / or 75N / mm 2 Smaller than 50N / mm 2 has a bond strength less than

[0147] Preferably, the adhesion strength of the second protective layer 6 to one or more layers directly adjacent to the second protective layer 6, in particular the first protective layer 5 and / or the cover layer 10, is greater by a factor of more than 1.5, in particular by a factor of more than 2, than the adhesion strength of the first protective layer 5 to one or more layers directly adjacent to the first protective layer 5, in particular the cover layer 10, the intermediate layer 9 and / or the barrier layer 4.

[0148] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has a surface tension of 0.01 N / mm 2 relative to one or more layers directly adjacent to the second protective layer 6, in particular the first protective layer 5 and / or the cover layer 10. 2 greater than 0.1N / mm 2 and / or greater than 150N / mm 2 Smaller than 100N / mm 2 It has a smaller adhesive strength than

[0149] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 has a surface tension of 0.005 N / mm 2 relative to one or more layers directly adjacent to the first protective layer 5, in particular the cover layer 10, the intermediate layer 9 and / or the barrier layer 4. 2 greater than 0.05N / mm 2 greater than and / or 75N / mm 2 Smaller than 50N / mm 2 It has a smaller adhesive strength than

[0150] Generally, the bond between the layers in each region of the vacuum insulation panel 1 or package 3 is only as strong as the minimum adhesion and / or bonding strength of one and / or two layers, although this condition can be relativized by the specific layer arrangement.

[0151] The first protective layer 5 is preferably more elastic than the second protective layer 6 .

[0152] Preferably, when the mechanical stresses acting on the first protective layer 5 and the second protective layer 6 are equal, the relative and / or absolute strain of the first protective layer 5 is greater than in the second protective layer 6 by a factor greater than 1.5, in particular by a factor greater than 2.

[0153] Preferably, the modulus of elasticity of the second protective layer 6 is greater than the modulus of elasticity of the first protective layer 5 by a factor of more than 1.5, in particular by a factor of more than 2.

[0154] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 has an elastic modulus greater than 1 MPa, in particular greater than 5 MPa, and / or less than 10 GPa, in particular less than 5 GPa.

[0155] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has an elastic modulus greater than 2 MPa, in particular greater than 10 MPa, and / or less than 20 GPa, in particular less than 10 GPa.

[0156] In the present invention, the elastic modulus of a material is generally expressed as the ratio between the applied uniaxial mechanical stress and the relative strain of the material in the direction of the applied mechanical stress. To measure the elastic modulus of a material, a part made of a material that is uniform in terms of geometric shape, dimensions, and stress acting surface is used. Preferably, the elastic modulus of a material is determined using the method described in DIN EN ISO 527-1:2012-06.

[0157] Preferably, the vacuum insulation panel 1 or the packaging 3 has on the outside or in each area of ​​its outer surface one of the protective layers 5 or 6 which protect the vacuum insulation panel 1 from heat or heat introduction.

[0158] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 forms the outer or outermost layer of the vacuum insulation panel 1 or packaging body 3 in areas where the first protective layer 5 of the packaging body 3 is not present, and the first protective layer 5 forms the outer or outermost layer of the vacuum insulation panel 1 or packaging body 3 in areas where the second protective layer 6 of the packaging body 3 is not present.

[0159] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 is provided at least in (outer) areas of the vacuum insulation panel 1 or packaging 3 where particularly high peel and / or shear forces act on the vacuum insulation panel 1 .

[0160] In particular, the second protective layer 6 is provided on (at least) the end face side, edge portion and / or tab portion of the vacuum insulation panel 1.

[0161] As particularly shown in FIG. 1, the second protective layer 6 is provided on (at least) the tab portion formed by the packaging body 3, and particularly preferably on the (outer) edge of the tab portion formed by the packaging body 3.

[0162] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 has a different material from the second protective layer 6 or the first protective layer 5 consists of a different material from the second protective layer 6 .

[0163] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 is formed as a sheet, in particular an independently handleable sheet, in particular an adhesive or self-adhesive sheet, and / or a heavy sheet, and / or is formed by wrapping it around the barrier layer 4 and / or the intermediate layer 9 one or more times.

[0164] Particularly preferably, the first protective layer 5 is fixed or bonded to the barrier layer 4 and / or the intermediate layer 9 in a materially connected manner, in particular by gluing or cohesion.

[0165] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 comprises or consists of mica particles 5A, in particular in this case the mica particles 5A comprise or consist of phlogopite and / or muscovite as material.

[0166] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 has a planar support material 5B, and in this particular case, the mica particles 5A are adhered (deposited, coated, or superimposed) to and fixed on this planar support material 5B.

[0167] The support material 5B preferably comprises or consists of a woven or knitted glass fiber fabric or sheet, particularly preferably a sheet made of plastic, in particular polyethylene terephthalate.

[0168] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 or support material 5B has a thickness of less than 100 μm, in particular less than 80 μm, and / or more than 1 μm, in particular more than 5 μm.

[0169] Preferably, the mica particles 5A are fixed in advance to the planar support material 5B with a binder.

[0170] The support material 5B preferably forms the inside of the first protective layer 5 or forms the side of the first protective layer 5 facing the core 2. The mica particles 5A fixed in a binder preferably form the outside of the first protective layer 5 or forms the side of the first protective layer 5 facing away from the core 2.

[0171] In addition to or as an alternative to the mica particles 5A, the first protective layer 5 may comprise an organic phosphinate, and in particular in this case the first protective layer 5 comprises a polymer resin as a support material for the organic phosphinate.

[0172] As already explained, the second protective layer 6 is preferably arranged or attached to the outside of the first protective layer 5, or arranged or attached to the outside of the first protective layer 5. Therefore, the second protective layer 6 particularly preferably serves as an additional fixing means for the mica particles 5A of the first protective layer 5.

[0173] In this way, the mechanical stability / load-bearing capacity and thus the lifespan of the first protective layer 5 or the vacuum insulation panel 1 are increased.

[0174] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 comprises mica particles, phlogopite, muscovite, H2O admixtures, inorganic substances such as salts and / or oxides, glass fibres (without organic components) and / or expandable materials such as expanded graphite.

[0175] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 is a paint or adhesive, pressure sensitive adhesive, adhesive tape, heavy sheet or foam, in particular based on mica particles, phlogopite, muscovite and / or expandable materials, such as expanded graphite.

[0176] Particularly preferably, the second protective layer 6 is an intumescent (fireproof) paint, in particular with mica particles, phlogopite, muscovite, H2O admixtures, inorganic substances such as salts and / or oxides, glass fibres (without organic components) and / or expandable graphite.

[0177] The second protective layer 6 may be formed essentially in the same manner as the first protective layer 5 and / or may be made from the same material as the first protective layer 5 .

[0178] In particular, the second protective layer 6 may comprise or consist of mica particles, preferably in this case the mica particles have phlogopite and / or muscovite as material or consist of phlogopite and / or muscovite.

[0179] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 is materially and / or inseparably connected to the adjacent layers, in particular the first protective layer 5, the intermediate layer 9 and / or the cover layer 10.

[0180] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 blends with the adjacent layer or layers, in particular the first protective layer 5, the intermediate layer 9 and / or the cover layer 10, in the interface region.

[0181] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 can be or has been applied partially, preferably over the entire surface, to the first protective layer 5 and / or the barrier layer 4 by spraying, brushing, roll coating, roller coating, dipping and / or coating.

[0182] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 can be applied in a point-like manner, in particular in a single process step.

[0183] For example, the second protective layer 6 is provided on the outside of the tab portion and / or edge portion of the vacuum insulation panel 1, which in particular enables or improves the fire resistance of one or more tab portions and / or edge portions of the vacuum insulation panel 1.

[0184] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 is in a liquid state when it is applied (when it is formed into a film, when it is applied, when it is layered).

[0185] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has, in the liquid state or during application (deposition, coating, layering), a (dynamic) viscosity of greater than 10 mPa*s, in particular greater than 200 mPa*s, and / or less than 65000 mPa*s, in particular less than 6500 mPa*s, in particular at an ambient temperature of 25°C.

[0186] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has, in the liquid state or during application (deposition, coating, laying) - especially at an ambient temperature of 25°C - a (dynamic) viscosity of more than 5 DIN-sec, especially more than 8 DIN-sec, and / or less than 40 DIN-sec, especially less than 35 DIN-sec, preferably in this case the viscosity being measured according to DIN EN ISO 2431:2020-02.

[0187] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 comprises or consists of a material that changes its volume under the action of heat, in particular the second protective layer 6 is expansile.

[0188] In the present invention, the term "intumescent" generally means - particularly in relation to fire protection - the deliberate increase in volume (expanding, stretching, swelling) of a substance in order to obtain properties that aid in fire protection.

[0189] Preferably, the expansion is based on the intercalation of molecules between lattice planes, where the intercalated molecules preferably evaporate under the action of heat, thereby expanding the crystal lattice.

[0190] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has as its material or consists of expanded graphite.

[0191] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has a thickness—in its original state or in its unheated / unstretched / unfoamed state—greater than 0.001 mm, in particular greater than 0.05 mm, and / or less than 1 mm, in particular less than 0.3 mm.

[0192] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 has a thickness in the heated / stretched / foamed state of more than 0.1 mm, in particular more than 0.5 mm or 1 mm, and / or less than 15 mm, in particular less than 9 mm.

[0193] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 increases in thickness by the action of heat or stretching / foaming by more than 30%, in particular by more than 50% and / or by less than 300%, in particular by less than 200%.

[0194] Preferably, the relative changes in the geometric dimensions of the second protective layer 6, in particular the thickness, height and width, are anisotropic due to the stretching / expansion of this second protective layer 6. Preferably, the greatest relative changes in the geometric dimensions of the second protective layer 6 are achieved by stretching / expansion of the second protective layer 6 in directions oriented at least substantially perpendicular to the main extension plane of the second protective layer 6.

[0195] Preferably, the two protective layers 5, 6 increase the lifespan of the vacuum insulation panel 1.

[0196] Preferably, these two protective layers 5, 6 improve the water vapor barrier properties of the vacuum insulation panel 1. Due to the higher water vapor barrier properties, the inner layers are exposed to less external degradation processes.

[0197] A suitable arrangement of the first protective layer 5, the second protective layer 6, the inner layer 7, the sealing layer 8, the intermediate layer 9 and / or the cover layer 10 is described in detail below.

[0198] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 and / or the second protective layer 6 are arranged outside the barrier layer 4 in at least one region, as already mentioned.

[0199] The first protective layer 5 and / or the second protective layer 6 do not necessarily have to be arranged directly on the exterior of the barrier layer 4. Additionally and / or alternatively, the protective layers 5, 6 may be arranged on the exterior of the inner layer 7, on the exterior of the sealing layer 8, on the exterior of the intermediate layer 9, and / or on the exterior of the cover layer 10.

[0200] Figure 2 shows in detail a possible layer structure of the packaging 3. The packaging 3 is shown in a simplified form in the other figures for reasons of clarity, but may have one, several or all of the layers shown in Figure 2.

[0201] According to a first arrangement variant, the second protective layer 6 is arranged directly on the outside of the first protective layer 5, in particular on the side of the first protective layer 5 facing away from the core 2.

[0202] This first arrangement variant preferably results in a reduction of the surface load acting on the first protective layer 5. In particular, the second protective layer 6 can equalize or distribute the (point-like) load over the first protective layer 5.

[0203] The reduced load on the first protective layer 5 preferably delays the occurrence of delamination of the first protective layer 5 and / or prevents delamination from occurring at all.

[0204] According to the second arrangement variant, the second protective layer 6 is arranged directly outside the barrier layer 4, in particular on the side of the barrier layer 4 opposite the core 2, which in particular increases the surface load that can be absorbed by the vacuum insulation panel 1 without destruction compared to the positioning according to the first arrangement variant.

[0205] Preferably, the second protective layer 6 forms the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel 1 at least in the edge region and / or end side of the vacuum insulation panel 1, and / or the second protective layer 6 is provided at least in the edge region and / or end side of the vacuum insulation panel 1.

[0206] In particular, the second protective layer 6 may form an edge protection for the vacuum insulation panel 1, i.e. in the edge region, where the vacuum insulation panel 1 is usually more susceptible to damage.

[0207] Both arrangement variants described above may also be combined with one another, for example in the edge region of the vacuum insulation panel 1.

[0208] 2, on the flat side, at least on the edge side or at the edge of the vacuum insulation panel 1, both the first protective layer 5 and the second protective layer 6 are present. On the end side, preferably only the second protective layer 6 is provided or the second protective layer 6 is directly attached to the barrier layer 4 or to the optional intermediate layer 9.

[0209] In an assembled state (not shown), multiple vacuum insulation panels 1 can be fastened to one another at their end faces, in particular so that they flush, preferably completely, surround an object, for example a wall, or insulate this object from the outside.

[0210] Therefore, a large surface load or a large peel force and / or shear force may act on each vacuum insulation panel 1 at the end face side or in the fixing region.

[0211] In contrast, the heat input into the vacuum insulation panel 1 is less at the edge sides or in the fixing areas than at the flat sides of the vacuum insulation panel 1 .

[0212] Therefore, as already explained, the end sides or fixing areas of the vacuum insulation panel 1 are optimized in terms of mechanical stability / load-bearing capacity / resistance by using exclusively the second protective layer 6 or by removing the first protective layer 5.

[0213] Preferably, on the end faces or in the fixing region, the second protective layer 6 is arranged directly on the barrier layer 4 or on the optional intermediate layer 9. In particular, on the end faces or in the fixing region, only the second protective layer 6 of the two protective layers 5, 6 is provided, i.e., the second arrangement variant is adopted.

[0214] Preferably, the area forming the flat side or outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel 1 is optimized in terms of thermal stability / load bearing / resistance.

[0215] In particular, both the first protective layer 5 and the second protective layer 6 are provided on the flat or planar outer side of the vacuum insulation panel 1, ie the first arrangement variant is adopted.

[0216] The structure of the packaging body 3 may therefore be adapted for each region - depending on the intended use of the vacuum insulation panel 1 .

[0217] The intermediate layer 9 already mentioned is preferably used for protection of the barrier layer 4 .

[0218] Preferably, the intermediate layer 9 comprises or consists of polyethylene terephthalate.

[0219] Preferably, the intermediate layer 9 is arranged directly on the side of the barrier layer 4 opposite the core 2 and / or on the side of the first protective layer 5 facing the core 2 and / or on the side of the second protective layer 6 facing the core.

[0220] Preferably, the intermediate layer 9 has a thickness less than 50 μm and / or greater than 1 μm.

[0221] Preferably, the sealing layer 8 seals the layer portions or sheet pieces of the barrier layer 4 in a particularly airtight manner.

[0222] Preferably, the sealing layer 8 comprises or consists of a plastic, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene or an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.

[0223] Preferably, the sealing layer 8 has a thickness of less than 100 μm or 70 μm and / or more than 10 μm, in particular more than 20 μm. In particular, the sealing layer 8 has a thickness of at least substantially 50 μm.

[0224] The sealing layer 8 is preferably arranged on the side of the barrier layer 4 facing the core, in particular directly.

[0225] The sealing layer 8 is in direct contact with the core 2 and / or in contact with the side of the barrier layer 4 facing towards the core 2 .

[0226] Preferably, the inner layer 7 prevents leakage of the core material at the start of production of the vacuum insulation panel 1, especially if the core material is microporous.

[0227] Preferably, the inner layer 7 comprises or consists of a woven or knitted plastic fabric or paper, which materials are extremely well suited for the functions previously described.

[0228] Preferably, the inner layer 7 has a thickness of less than 100 μm, in particular less than 80 μm, and / or greater than 1 μm, in particular greater than 5 μm.

[0229] Preferably, the inner layer 7 is arranged on the side of the barrier layer 4 facing towards the core 2 and / or on the side of the sealing layer 8 facing towards the core 2 .

[0230] Preferably, the cover layer 10 prevents and / or makes it difficult for the wrapper 3 to tear during the action of fire.

[0231] Preferably, the mica particles 5A of the first protective layer 5 are covered with a cover layer 10.

[0232] Preferably, the cover layer 10 comprises or consists of glass fibers.

[0233] Preferably, the cover layer 10 is disposed directly on the side of the first protective layer 5 opposite the core 2 .

[0234] Optionally, the second protective layer 6 functions as a cover layer 10 .

[0235] As shown schematically in FIG. 3, the first protective layer 5, particularly when formed as a sheet, may be applied (deposited, coated, superimposed) in a partially overlapping manner or may have at least one overlapping region.

[0236] Preferably, the overlapping sheet portions of the first protective layer 5 are fixed to one another at their interface, in particular with a heat / fire resistant adhesive or pressure sensitive adhesive.

[0237] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 formed as a sheet is directly connected in a material-connecting manner to the adjacent layers on the inside and / or outside.

[0238] Preferably, the overlap region of the first protective layer 5 is covered or reinforced by the second protective layer 6, in particular so that the overlap region is protected against external mechanical influences or delamination is prevented.

[0239] Particularly preferably, the second protective layer 6 is directly bonded or glued or adhered to the first protective layer 5 in the overlap region.

[0240] As already explained at the beginning, the vacuum insulation panel 1, in particular the packaging body 3, may have or form one or more tab portions, and preferably in this case the tab portions are folded / folded back so as to fit closely against the vacuum insulation panel 1, in particular the end face side of the vacuum insulation panel 1, and particularly in this case the vacuum insulation panel 1 or packaging body 3 does not have or form any overhanging areas, as shown in Figure 4.

[0241] The tab portion may have the first protective layer 5 only partially on the side opposite the core 2 .

[0242] Preferably, the tab portion is wholly or partly covered or reinforced by a second protective layer 6 and / or glued or adhered thereto.

[0243] As explained in connection with Figure 1, preferably at least the (outer) edge of the tab portion is provided with the second protective layer 6. However, as shown in Figure 4, it is also possible for the tab portion to be covered externally over its entire surface by the second protective layer 6.

[0244] Furthermore, the second protective layer 6 may at least partially fill any undercuts, gaps, cavities or the like formed by the tab portions, in particular in this case reducing the risk of the tab portions peeling off at this point and / or the risk of the vacuum insulation panel 1 being damaged at this point.

[0245] 5 shows another preferred embodiment of the vacuum insulation panel 1. In this embodiment, the first protective layer 5 is provided only in certain areas, or in particular does not completely cover the barrier layer 4.

[0246] Preferably, the first protective layer 5 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is applied (deposited, painted, superimposed) only partially, in particular in a pattern, preferably in the form of stripes, dots, a mesh or another pattern.

[0247] Preferably, the entire packaging body 3 has the first protective layer 5 applied (film-deposited, painted, superimposed) partially and / or in a pattern. However, it is also possible that only the flat side or outer surface of the packaging body 3 or the vacuum insulation panel 1 has the first protective layer 5 applied (film-deposited, painted, superimposed) partially and / or in a pattern.

[0248] Preferably, the deposited (deposited, painted, superimposed) first protective layer 5 is fixed and / or buried and / or completely covered by the second protective layer 6 .

[0249] In particular, the second protective layer 6 stabilizes the pattern of the first protective layer 5 .

[0250] Optionally, the second protective layer 6 is (also) applied only partially, in particular in a pattern, preferably in the form of stripes, dots, a mesh or another pattern.

[0251] Preferably, when the second protective layer 6 and the first protective layer 5 are applied (deposited, coated, or superimposed) in a pattern, the packaging body 3 has at least one protective layer 5, 6 in any area.

[0252] Preferably, in the areas where the second protective layer 6 fills the free space or gaps of the first protective layer 5, direct contact occurs between the second protective layer 6 and the barrier layer 4 and / or intermediate layer 9.

[0253] This structure advantageously increases the surface roughness of the outer side of the vacuum insulation panel 1, and in particular in this case the outer sides of several vacuum insulation panels 1 can be fixed to one another, in particular glued or adhered to one another.

[0254] Furthermore, the mechanical stability / load-bearing capacity of the packaging 3 is increased without the fire resistance / fire protection of the vacuum insulation panel 1 being excessively compromised.

[0255] The individual features and aspects of the present invention can be combined in any combination, but can also be realized separately and independently from one another. [Explanation of symbols]

[0256] 1. Vacuum insulation panel 2 cores 3 Packaging 4 Barrier Layer 5 First protective layer 5A Mica particles 5B Support material 6 Second layer of protection 7 Inner layer 8 Sealing Layer 9. Middle Class 10 Cover Layer

Claims

1. A vacuum insulation panel (1) comprising a core (2) made of an open-pore material and an airtight envelope (3) completely enclosing the core (2) on all sides, The packaging (3) has an airtight barrier layer (4), A vacuum insulation panel (1), wherein the packaging body (3) has a first heat-resistant material at least in a predetermined region, preferably over the entire surface, or a first protective layer (5) made of a first heat-resistant material, and the first protective layer (5) is arranged outside the barrier layer (4) and / or outside an intermediate layer (9) located outside the barrier layer (4), the packaging body (3) has a second heat-resistant material at least in a predetermined area, preferably over the entire surface, and / or has a second protective layer (6) made of a second heat-resistant material, the second protective layer (6) is disposed outside the barrier layer (4), and / or outside the intermediate layer (9) located outside the barrier layer (4), and / or outside the first protective layer (5), and / or outside the cover layer (10) located outside the first protective layer (5); A vacuum insulation panel (1).

2. 2. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the first protective layer (5) comprises mica particles (5A), in particular in this case the mica particles (5A) comprise or consist of phlogopite and / or muscovite as material.

3. 3. A vacuum insulation panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the mica particles (5A) of the first protective layer (5) are applied to and fixed on a surface-shaped support material (5B), in particular on a woven or knitted glass fiber fabric or on a plastic sheet, in particular on a sheet comprising polyethylene terephthalate, preferably in this case the mica particles (5A) are fixed or pre-fixed to the surface-shaped support material (5B) by means of a binder.

4. 4. A vacuum insulation panel according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the mica particles (5A) of the first protective layer (5) are covered by an outer cover layer (10) which prevents or at least makes it difficult for the packaging (3) to tear in the event of fire, preferably in this case the cover layer (10) comprising glass fibre.

5. 2. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second protective layer (6) covers the first protective layer (5) in the edge and / or overlap areas and / or the packaging (3) and / or the vacuum insulation panel (1) have the second protective layer (6) in the edge and / or overlap areas.

6. 2. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, wherein the first protective layer (5) is arranged only in a predetermined area outside the barrier layer (4) and / or outside an intermediate layer (9) located outside the barrier layer (4), and the packaging body (3) has the second protective layer (6) in areas where the first protective layer (6) is not present.

7. 2. Vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second protective layer (6) can be or has been applied by spraying, brushing, roll coating, roller coating, dipping and / or coating.

8. 2. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, wherein the second protective layer (6) is liquid when applied, preferably with a viscosity greater than 10 mPa*s, in particular greater than 200 mPa*s, and / or less than 65,000 mPa*s, in particular less than 6,500 mPa*s.

9. 2. Vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second protective layer (6) comprises or consists of a material that changes its volume under the action of heat and / or the second protective layer (6) is expansible.

10. 2. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, wherein the second protective layer (6) is a paint, an adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, an adhesive tape, a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, or a foam.

11. 2. Vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second protective layer (6) has as its material expanded graphite or consists of expanded graphite.

12. 2. Vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second protective layer (6) has a thickness greater than 0.001 mm, preferably greater than 0.05 mm, and / or less than 1 mm, preferably less than 0.3 mm.

13. 2. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, wherein the second protective layer (6) comprises one material and / or several materials different from the first protective layer (5) and / or consists of one material and / or several materials different from the first protective layer (5).

14. The second protective layer (6) has a higher bond strength and / or adhesion strength than the first protective layer (5), preferably 0.01 N / mm ２ greater than 0.1 N / mm ２ and / or greater than 150 N / mm ２ less than 100 N / mm ２ 2. The vacuum insulation panel of claim 1, wherein the vacuum insulation panel has a bonding strength and / or adhesive strength less than 1000 MPa.

15. 2. The vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, wherein the first protective layer (5) is formed as an independently handleable sheet and is preferably connected to the barrier layer (4), the intermediate layer (9), the cover layer (10) and / or the second protective layer (6) in a material-connecting manner and / or is applied to them, preferably in a partially overlapping manner.

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