Power console for surgical tool including transformer incorporating current source for generating matched current to offset parasitic capacitance

Abstract

To provide an electric surgical tool system having a matched current source for reducing leakage current.SOLUTION: Provided is a control console for a powered surgical tool that includes a transformer 250 with secondary winding 264 across which a tool drive signal is generated. In the transformer, a matched current source that consists of leakage control winding 246 and a capacitor is arranged. The current supplied by the matched current source at least partially cancels out leakage current that may be present.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] FIELD OF THEINVENTION The present invention relates generally to a power console that provides drive signals to a powered surgical tool. The power console of the present invention includes a transformer with a built-in matched current source. , which generates a current that matches the parasitic current to minimize leakage current. [Background technology]

[0002] A powered surgical tool system can generally be thought of as having three basic components: The control assembly operates the second component of the system, i.e., the power generator. The power generator typically generates a drive signal having the characteristics required to drive the The electric energy is converted into another form of energy. The types of energy are mechanical energy, thermal energy (heat), and photon energy ( The third component of the tool system is the energy applicator. The energy applicator is a device that uses energy generated by a power generator to perform a specific therapeutic procedure. The tool system receives the energy generated by the force and applies this energy to the target tissue. Some devices are designed to apply electrical energy that is directed at the target tissue. In this type of system, the power generator is essentially a conductor through which A drive signal is applied to the exposed electrode through which electrical current is delivered to the tissue. , the electrodes will function as energy applicators.

[0003] However, many surgical tool systems have a handpiece as an integral part. At a minimum, the handpiece is a physical configuration designed to be held by the practitioner. The handpiece is an element from which the energy applicator extends. The power generator is contained within the handpiece. The stem includes an ultrasonic surgical tool system. The handpiece of the system includes: The power generator consists of one or more drivers. Each driver is connected to the power supply for the AC signal. The horn is mechanically tightly coupled to the driver. A tip that functions as an applicator extends distally from the horn. This produces an amplified vibration in the horn and therefore the tip. The tip vibrates against the tissue. This results in electrocautery, i.e., removal, of tissue.

[0004] An inherent characteristic that many powered surgical tool systems share with other powered assemblies is the parasitic The capacitance that arises in the components of these systems is called parasitic capacitance. This capacitance exists across two components. The raw current will flow through one of these components. For example, if the handpiece is C When equipped with a power generating unit to which a driving signal is applied, the metal structural elements of the handpiece and the Parasitic currents occur due to parasitic capacitance between the power generating unit in the handpiece and the current flowing through it. This parasitic current flows through the metal structural elements. This parasitic current is known as leakage current. Leakage currents flow through system components (not used for their intended purpose) It is an unintended flow of electrical current.

[0005] For patient safety reasons, powered surgical tool handpieces must be earth / grounded. If the handpiece is connected to the If applied to a patient, leakage current would theoretically flow through the patient to this ground. Currents from these sources can adversely affect the function of the patient's own organs and tissues. Surgical tool systems having handpieces intended for general patient application typically include: Designed to ensure normal leakage current draw is less than 100μA. A surgical tool system having a handpiece intended for application to cardiac tissue is Typically, they must be designed for normal leakage current draw of less than 10 μA. These requirements are based on the IEC 60601 medical design standard. The 60601 standard requires that electrical equipment be designed to ensure that leakage currents are kept below these maximum values. A process for testing the surgical tools is also described.

[0006] A further requirement is that for safety reasons, tools that come into contact with the patient must be connected to ground. This requirement means that if some power is taken from other sources, When pressure is applied to the patient, the tool does not function as a ground connection, so current It will not flow through

[0007] A number of methods are used to reduce leakage current flow from powered surgical handpieces. One method is to reduce the parasitic capacitance, thereby suppressing the parasitic current flow. If the tool is an ultrasonic handpiece, the parasitic capacitance is the A driver and a horn, which is a mechanical component that is intended to be vibrated by the driver. The impedance can be reduced by providing an electrically insulating disk between the The drawback with these disk installations is that they are difficult to remove from the driver and the horn and chip. This mechanical damping reduces the efficiency of the handpiece. The rate will decrease.

[0008] A second method for reducing leakage current flow is to provide matched current sources. The source is adapted to apply electrical current to a low conductor associated with the handpiece power generating unit. This matching current is ideally opposite in direction and magnitude to the parasitic current present in the high-side conductor. The matching currents cancel the parasitic currents. Ideally, the leakage currents are zero. The contribution of parasitic currents to the leakage current is eliminated. The leakage current consists mainly of parasitic currents. Thus, parasitic current cancellation effectively eliminates the flow of leakage current from the handpiece through the patient. This will result in the elimination of

[0009] The matched current source is formed from two components. The first of these components is , and auxiliary windings built into the transformer that is part of the control assembly. The second is a capacitor that is different from the transformer.

[0010] The above type of assembly provides a matching voltage to cancel leakage currents flowing through the high side conductor. However, in this case, it is effectively a second configuration of a current source. A Y-type capacitor is used as a component. The maximum voltage that can occur in a Y-type capacitor is typically Typically, it is less than 250 VAC. The voltage present on the conductors of many ultrasonic handpieces is In this case, it exceeds 1000VAC. Therefore, a matching current is required to reduce the magnitude of the leakage current. Providing a surgical tool system with an ultrasonic driver having a It has been done.

[0011] Providing a powered surgical tool system having a matched current source for reducing leakage currents - Patents.com A further difficulty with this is that it is difficult to regulate the current drawn from this source. This can cause the tool system to enter a state where the parasitic and matching currents are not substantially equal. If the handpiece is exposed to this condition, leakage current may exceed acceptable levels. This creates the possibility of leakage to the patient. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The present invention relates to a new and useful power console for a surgical tool system. serves as the system's assembly that provides the drive signal to the system's power generating unit. More specifically, the power console of the surgical tool system of the present invention is a self-contained, matched current The inverter includes a transformer having a power source.

[0013] The power console of the present invention provides the drive power applied to the power generating unit of the system handpiece. The input signal is a transformer that functions as a component of the console that outputs the dynamic signal. , is applied to the primary winding of the transformer. The signal that appears on the secondary winding of the transformer is the drive signal.

[0014] The transformer also includes a matched current source, which ensures that the drive signal is consistent with the dynamics of the tool system. The parasitic capacitance and magnitude between the high-side conductor and the power generating unit when applied to the power generating unit are substantially The matched current source comprises a winding and a capacitor. The winding is called the leakage control winding. One end of the leakage control winding is connected to ground. The capacitor is connected in series between the free end of the leakage control winding and the low conductor. .

[0015] Typically, the capacitors in a matched current source consist of at least one capacitor wound around the transformer winding. The conductive wrap is one plate of the capacitor. It works like this.

[0016] In some aspects of the invention, the transformer includes a second conductor wrap disposed around the winding. This second wrap, in some forms of the invention, is a second wrap of the capacitor. In some configurations of this aspect of the invention, this second conductor wrap The electrically conductive material layer acts as a shield over the wound layer or layers.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, a portion of one of the windings is connected to a second portion of the capacitor of the matched current source. In some configurations of this aspect of the invention, at least one of the secondary windings Another portion functions as the second plate of the capacitor. The leakage current winding acts as the second plate of the capacitor.

[0018] In some aspects of the invention, the leakage current winding is comprised of multiple sub-windings. One or more switches connect these sub-windings together. Thus, the voltage, and hence the current, produced by a matched current source will be equal to the given Therefore, the voltage supplied by the matched current sources is set to The level of current can be selectively set. This allows the transformer to be integrated into the During console manufacturing, the current levels provided by the matched current sources are adjusted to be substantially equal to the parasitic currents. In some configurations of the present invention, This ability to set the level of current provided by the matched current sources allows for significantly different A single console provides drive signals for handpieces that require a drive signal of 100 MHz. It will be possible to provide the number.

[0019] In many aspects of the invention, the transformer also includes a sense winding. The signal developed in the sense winding is , which is used by other components of the system as a signal representative of the voltage of the drive signal. In some versions of the invention that include a winding, the sense winding is connected to the leakage control winding.

[0020] Some of the powered surgical tool systems of the present invention are ultrasonic tool systems. The tool system includes one or more drivers. The drivers control the power generation of the system. When an AC signal is applied to these drivers, the The drivers expand and contract periodically. The chip is mechanically connected to these drivers. The expansion / contraction of the driver induces vibrations in the tip, which then penetrates into the patient's tissue. This allows the vibrations to have the appropriate therapeutic effect on this tissue.

[0021] The inventions related to this application are pointed out with particularity in the claims. Further features and advantages will be understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It will be possible. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates the basic components of a powered surgical tool system incorporating features of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram of the mechanical components of the tool, i.e., the handpiece, of the system. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the basic electrical components of both the control console and handpiece of the system. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic diagram of a transformer in a control console, a handpiece, and a patient to which the handpiece is applied. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first transformer of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the transformer of FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second transformer of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the transformer of FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a third transformer of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the transformer of FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fourth transformer of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] A powered surgical tool system 40 of the present invention will now be described generally with reference to FIGS. The system 40 includes a handpiece 310. The handpiece 310 includes an ultra Thus, in this aspect of the invention, system 40 is an ultrasonic surgical tool. The handpiece 310 is a tubular, tubular, and cylindrical handpiece that forms the proximal end of the handpiece. (The term "proximal" refers to the It was understood that the term "handpiece" refers to the side of the handpiece that faces the practitioner holding the handpiece from the site where the handpiece acts. The term "distal" refers to the area from the practitioner toward the area where the handpiece acts. (The term "body" should be understood to mean the side that is actually held by the medical practitioner.) This is part of end piece 310.

[0024] One or more vibrating piezoelectric drivers 324 are disposed within the shell 312 (four in total). In FIG. 2, the handpiece shell 312 is a The internal components of 310 are not shown to be exposed. Each driver 324 is It is made of a material that undergoes momentary expansion or contraction when pressure is applied to the driver. These expansions / contractions occur along the long axis of the driver 324, i.e., the proximal and distal faces of the driver. A pair of leads 328 extend from each driver 324. (Only two leads are shown in FIG. 2.) Lead 328 is the driver The handpiece 324 is attached to the proximal and distal surfaces of the opposite sides of the handpiece 324. Many, but not all, handpieces 310 include a disk-shaped piezoelectric dryer. The drivers 324 are stacked end-to-end and Leads 328 provide a voltage in the form of a drive signal to driver 324. In FIG. 2, the driver 324 is a component of the system 40 for applying This is shown as being spaced apart for ease of illustration of these components. In practice, the drivers 324 are in close contact with each other.

[0025] The driver 324 converts electrical energy applied to the driver into mechanical power. The driver 324 thus cooperates to control the (mechanical) The device will function as a (power) generator.

[0026] A post 330 extends longitudinally through the driver 324. A post 330 passes through the driver 324 along the same axis as the long axis of the driver. A through hole (not shown) is provided in the driver 324. The post 330 is The driver 324 protrudes outward from both the driver 324 located on the first side and the driver 324 located on the most distal side. is.

[0027] A proximal end mass 320 is disposed adjacent to the proximal face of the proximal-most driver 324. The exposed proximal end section of post 330 is fixedly attached to mass 320. If post 330 has threads, mass 320 is considered a nut. good.

[0028] A horn 334 extends forward from the distal face of the distal-most driver 324. Although not shown, an insulating disk is disposed between the distal driver 324 and the horn 334. Horn 334 may have a proximal end with a diameter approximately equal to the diameter of driver 324. From the driver 324 toward the distal front, the horn 334 decreases in diameter. The exposed distal end section of post 330 is attached to horn 334. If post 330 has a thread, the horn base can receive post 330. The handpiece 310 may have a threaded hole (not shown) for threading. The driver 324 laminate is configured to be compressed between the proximal end mass 320 and the horn 334. It has been made.

[0029] A tip 430 extends forward from the distal end of the horn 334. A barrel 336 Extending forward from horn 334 is a linkage assembly, represented by , removably retaining tip 340 to horn 340 and thus the remainder of handpiece 310. The structure of the coupling assembly is not part of this invention. 40 includes an elongated stem 342. The stem 342 is held in place through a coupling assembly. The stem 342 is the portion of the tip that is attached to the handpiece shell 334. 312. The tip 340 has a head 344 at the distal end of a stem 342. Some tip heads 344 have a smooth surface. There is also a head 344 having teeth 346 formed thereon. The geometry of the head 344 is The tip head 344 is attached to the area of ​​the patient where the procedure is to be performed. In FIG. 1, the tip head 344 is the portion of the handpiece 310 that acts on the tissue. It is shown as acting on an area of ​​380.

[0030] Some tip heads 344 are designed to directly act on hard tissue, e.g., bone. When such a tip is reciprocated, the teeth move in a similar manner to the conventional saw blade. It cuts tissue in the same way that a knife cuts tissue.

[0031] A sleeve 350 is typically disposed over the tip stem 342. The head 350 typically extends from where the stem 342 is attached to the horn 334. The tip 34 extends approximately 0.5 cm proximal to the tip 344. 0 and sleeve 350 cooperate to form a sleeve that is in contact with the outer surface of the tip and the surrounding inner surface of the sleeve. The sleeve 350 is configured to define a fluid conduit extending between the The conduit has a fitting 352 adjacent the proximal end of the sleeve that extends into the conduit. The distal end of the sleeve 350 is open. When the handpiece 310 is used, the irrigation solution is The fluid flows downstream through the sleeve from the reeve attachment and is discharged adjacent the tip head 344. In some embodiments of the system, the fluid is directed to the tip head mechanical The irrigation solution acts as a medium for transmitting the target signal to the tissue. It also serves as a heat sink for thermal energy generated by the tip head as a result of vibration. It works.

[0032] Although not shown, the handpiece post 330, horn 334, and tip 340 may be In many cases, the chip head is formed with conduits. These conduits cooperate to The handpiece 310 defines a fluid path from the nozzle 344 to the proximal end of the handpiece 310. Upon actuation, suction is applied to these conduits. This suction allows irrigation fluid to flow through the tip. The fluid is expelled through sleeve 350 away from the site of action. The debris that is removed is the debris that is generated as a result of the actuation of the tip 340. The tissue is also removed by the suction. The tip head 344 is retracted toward the tissue. This improves the transmission of mechanical vibrations from the tip head to the tissue.

[0033] The handpiece 310 of the system 40 capable of producing suction may be an aspirator or is also called an ultrasonic aspirator.

[0034] The handpiece 310 also includes a memory 338, which is shown as a block in FIG. The memory 338 contains data describing the characteristics of the handpiece. The memory may be in the form of an EPROM, EEPROM, or RFID tag. The memory 338 stores a data item that identifies the handpiece 310. The memory 338 stores the drive signal applied to the handpiece driver 324. Most handpieces 310 of the present invention also include data describing the characteristics of the The data stored in the memory includes the data required for the handpiece 310 to be manufactured. The device has a memory that can store data. The device can read data from the memory and write data to the memory. To facilitate writing data, additional components not shown are attached to the handpiece. These components include conductors, exposed contacts / contact pins, coils / antennas, etc. The device may comprise one or more of a power supply, a power amplifier, a power supply voltage regulator ...

[0035] 1 and 3, a control console 50 which is also part of the system 40 of the present invention will now be described. The control console 50 includes a cable 310 connected to a handpiece 310. A driving signal is supplied through the handpiece 310. In embodiments of the invention that are pieces, the cables 304 and The handpiece 310 is assembled as a single unit. At any given moment, the same drive signal is applied to each driver 324. Upon application of a drive signal, these drivers simultaneously and cyclically expand and contract. The driver 324 stack is often 1 cm to 5 cm long. The distance of travel, or amplitude, of a single expansion / contraction cycle of the driver is 1μ The horn 334 amplifies this movement. The distal end of tip 334, and thus tip head 344, is fully extended from a fully contracted position. When the object moves to the target position, it typically moves up to 1000 μm, but in most cases, it moves up to 500 μm or less. In the tip 340, the tip stem 342 is expanded / retracted in the longitudinal direction. Some are further designed so that the retraction also induces a rotational movement of the head 344. Rotational motion is sometimes called torsional motion. When actuated to cause vibration, head 344 is considered to be vibrating.

[0036] Components within a control console 50 shown diagrammatically in FIG. The power supply 52 outputs a DC voltage, and the magnitude of the DC voltage is configurable. The voltage is typically between 25 VDC and 250 VDC. All voltages are set based on the POWER_SUPPLY_CONTROL (PS_CNTRL) signal applied to the power supply. The signal output by the power supply 52 is applied to the center tap of the primary winding 252 of the transformer 250. The ends of the transformer primary winding 252 are connected to a linear amplifier 58. The transformer 58 applies an AC signal that varies in both potential and frequency across the transformer primary winding 252. The BASE signal applied to the amplifier 58 as a control signal is output by the amplifier 58. The system 40 includes an ultrasonic handpiece 310. In an embodiment of the present invention, the AC signal applied to the primary winding is between 10 kHz and 100 kHz. The signal has a peak-to-peak voltage of at least 200V and Preferably it has a peak-to-peak voltage of at least 300V.

[0037] The structure of power supply 52 and linear amplifier 58 form no part of the present invention. Further understanding of the subassembly is provided in International Patent Application No. PCT / US2016 / 031651 ( International Patent Application Publication No. 2016 / 183084A1 / U.S. Patent Application Publication No. No. 60 / 2007, filed on Nov. 13, 2007. These documents are expressly incorporated herein by reference. This is to be included.

[0038] An AC signal applied to the primary winding 252 of the transformer 250 is converted into an A This signal, which appears on the secondary winding of the transformer 250, is transmitted through the cable 304. The drive signal is applied to the handpiece driver 324 by the ultrasonic driver 324. In aspects of the invention used to operate a motor, this drive signal will typically be at least Both have a voltage of 500VAC, and often have a voltage of at least 1000VAC.

[0039] The transformer 250 includes a sense winding 256. The sense winding 256 is also called a regenerative coil. The voltage of the signal developed in the sense winding 256 is applied to the voltage measurement circuit 66. Based on the signal developed in the sense winding 256, the circuit 66 determines the drive voltage applied to the driver 324. A signal Vs representing the magnitude and phase of the potential of the motion signal is generated. A coil 86 is disposed adjacent to one of the conductors extending from the transformer secondary winding 264. The signal developed in the coil 86 is applied to a current measuring circuit 68. The circuit 68 The current i of the drive signal supplied to the dope driver 324 S A signal representing the magnitude and phase of Generate.

[0040] Signals representing the voltage and current of the drive signal applied to the handpiece 310 are sent to the control console. The control console 50 also includes a memory reader 78. The memory reader 78 can read the data in the handpiece memory 338. The structure of the memory reader 78 is complementary to the handpiece memory 338. Therefore, the memory reader can read the data in the EPROM or EEPROM. or an assembly capable of interrogating and reading data on an RFID tag. The data read from the memory 338 can be used to transmit the drive signal to the handheld. In the embodiment of the invention where the memory is read via the conductors supplying the The data read by the reader 78 is printed to a processor 80. will be added.

[0041] An on / off switch is connected to the control console 50. The on / off switch is embodied by a foot pedal 54. The state of the pedal 54 The state of the system 40 is monitored by the processor 80. The on / off switch A foot pedal 5 is a user-actuated control member that adjusts the on / off state. 4 is shown as part of a foot pedal assembly that includes multiple pedals. Additional pedals are used to control devices such as pumps, suction pumps, or lights. These auxiliary devices do not form part of the present invention.

[0042] The control console 50 is shown as having a slide switch 56. Like pedal 54, the state of switch 56 is monitored by processor 80. The tip 56 is operable by the practitioner to control the magnitude of the vibration amplitude of the tip head 344. The foot pedal 54 and switch 56 provide on / off commands and The amplitude setting command and the amplitude setting command are generally representative of the means for setting the amplitude setting command. In some configurations, a single control member may serve both of these functions. Specifically, system 40 starts the system when the lever or foot pedal is first pressed. The actuator is configured to subject the tip head to a vibration cycle having a relatively small amplitude. As a result of holding down the lever or foot pedal, the control console may The drive signal applied to the handpiece is reset, which causes the tip head 344 to move The vibration cycle is then subjected to a large amplitude vibration.

[0043] A display 82 is incorporated within the control console 50. The image is shown as being generated by a processor 80. A display 82 The information presented above includes information identifying the handpiece and, if possible, the tip, and the system and information describing the characteristics of the rate of operation of the display 82. In these embodiments of the invention, the display 82 may be a single-pane display. by pressing the image of a button located at Although not shown, an interface between the display 82 and the processor 80 may be provided. The processing components facilitate the display of images on a display and the input of instructions into a processor. It becomes easier.

[0044] Processor 80 regulates the output of the drive signals from control console 40. The practitioner control inputs on which the actuator signal is based are the state of the on / off pedal 54 and The state of the slide switch 56. The command input through the display 82 is The characteristics of the drive signal may also be used to control the settings of the handpiece. The drive signal may be set based on data read from the memory 338. Used by the console as a feedback signal to further contribute to the setting of the drive signal. Based on these multiple inputs, the processor 80 generates a signal that controls the drive signal. These signals correspond to the POWER SUPPLY CONTROL signal and amplification This is the BASE signal applied to amplifier 58.

[0045] The theory of operation of the transformer 250 of the present invention may be understood by reference to FIG. The electrically active components of the transformer 250 and the drive signals generated by them are applied 2 is a schematic diagram of the components. The transformer is shown as having a core 270. As shown in FIG. 3, the transformer 250 includes a primary winding 252 on the left side of the core 270. It should be understood that both ends of the primary winding 252 are connected to the linear amplifier 58. The voltage output by source 52 is applied to the center tap of primary winding 252. To reduce clutter, the sense winding 256 is not shown in FIG.

[0046] As shown, the secondary winding 264 is in series with the primary winding 252 on the right side of the core 270. In FIG. 4, drivers 324 are arranged in close opposition to their electrical equivalents, That is, the capacitor C D Resistance R HP But the capacitor C D Parallel to The resistor R HP The handpiece 310 and the tip 34 It represents the mechanical equivalent of a zero impedance. This impedance is actually a The conductor 278 is connected to the console 50, the cable 304, and the high-side conductor in the handpiece 310, and connects the secondary winding 264 to the driver 32. 4. Conductor 284 is connected to the low side between driver 324 and secondary winding 264. conductor, i.e., the return conductor. Current i HP flows between the secondary winding 264 and the driver. The current i HP is the voltage of the drive signal and the impedance of the handpiece, i.e. Capacitor C D and the mechanical equivalent of impedance R HP The impedance of a parallel circuit consisting of It is a function of

[0047] Also shown in Figure 4 is what is considered to be a circuit representing the human body for purposes of leakage current analysis and testing. This circuit is based on the standard contained in IEC60601. , consists of a parallel circuit with two branches. The first branch of the circuit is connected to the resistor R T1 is The second branch of the model is the capacitor C T A second resistor R in parallel with T2 This model In Dell, the surgical tool acts on one end of this circuit. The other end of the circuit is earth / ground. The current flowing from the surgical instrument to the tissue to prevent tissue damage is That is, the leakage current through this circuit i L should be zero. Current i HP is the driving signal As a result of the signal, all of it flows from the high conductor 278 through the driver 324. Then, the current i flows through the low voltage conductor and back. HP is the leakage current i L Contributing to do not have.

[0048] The path through which the drive signal is applied from the secondary winding 264 to the driver 324 is defined by the parasitic capacitance These capacitances are connected in series with each other by a capacitor C PH and C PL and The capacitor C PH ,C PL and the conductors and grounds to which they are connected. The nodes are shown as dashed components because they do not physically exist in the circuit. Because the capacitor C PH and C PL The junction is connected to earth / ground. A capacitor C connected to the high conductor 278 PH The high conductor and earth / ground The capacitance CP connected to the lower conductor 284 represents the parasitic capacitance between the PL is low It represents the parasitic capacitance between the side conductor 284 and earth / ground.

[0049] The presence of these parasitic capacitances causes parasitic currents to flow through the conductive elements of system 40. Specifically, the capacitor C PH The parasitic current through PH It is. Capacitor C PL The parasitic current through PL If these parasitic currents flow through the low conductor 284, these currents will be the leakage current i L Form a component of Again, to prevent tissue damage, the current i L is zero or less It should be understood that the value should be kept as close to zero as possible.

[0050] To prevent parasitic currents from flowing through the low-side conductor 284, a variable matching current source is provided across the transformer 250. This current source is connected to the low conductor 284 via a matching current i M Generate The matching current i M is the high-side capacitance C PH The current i that exists due to PH and size are the same and in opposite directions. This matching current i M The application of the voltage is applied to the tissue 3 through the conductor 284. This has two effects on the parasitic currents flowing through 80. First, the matching current i M is the parasitic current i PH Since it is equal or substantially equal to the parasitic current i PH is the current applied to the tissue i L The effect of the present invention on the presence of For clarity, if the matching current i MThe parasitic current (leakage current is the same as that of the transformer 250) If the matching current i M is effectively the parasitic current i PH It is considered to be equal to 250 IEC 60601. A console 50 that is part of a surgical tool system 40 that must comply with body floatation standards. If the matching current is included in the parasitic current i PH Less than 100μA If the transformer 250 is within the range of IEC 606, it is considered to be substantially equal to the parasitic current. 01 Cardiac Floating Standards must be met by the Surgical Tool System 40, which is part of the console. If the matching current is included in the parasitic current i PH 10μA If it were within a pair, it would be considered to be substantially equal to the parasitic current.

[0051] matching current i M The presence of the low-side parasitic current i PL Specifically, the matching current i M is the high-side parasitic current i PH Since it is essentially equal to the parasitic capacitance C PL The voltage across the As a result of this voltage equilibrium, the leakage current i L Low side to Raw current i PL The contribution of, if any, is very small.

[0052] The matching current comes from two components: the leakage control winding 246 and the capacitor 248. Both of these components are contained within the transformer 250. is essentially the leakage current i even though the parasitic current is not completely L Since it consists of One end of the leakage control winding 246 is connected to ground. The capacitor 248 is connected in series between the free end of the leakage control winding 246 and the low-side conductor 284. The voltage developed across winding 246 varies with the voltage applied to primary winding 252. Thus, the matched current source formed by winding 246 and capacitor 248 acts as a variable voltage source It can be regarded as:

[0053] In Figure 4, the console ground is connected to earth / ground. This connection is made via a capacitor Cg, which is This is the parasitic capacitance between the console and earth / ground.

[0054] FIG. 5 shows the basic structure of a transformer 250 of the present invention. The core 270 is formed from an E-shaped core 270 formed from a base 272. Three parallel legs extend outwardly from the base 272. A first or central leg 274 extends outwardly from the center of the base 272. Transformer 250 is symmetrical about a long axis (horizontal axis in FIG. 5) that passes through center leg 274. It should be understood that outer legs 275 (one shown) extend outwardly from each end of the base. The windings 246, 252, 256, and 264 are wound around the center leg 274 and the outer legs It is contained within the boundary of a circle defined by 275 mutually facing inner faces.

[0055] The transformer 250 is configured such that the winding closest to the core center leg 274 is the primary winding 252. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the primary winding 252 has two winding layers. The winding layers are separated from each other by dielectric insulating wraps 276. As described below, the transformer 250 includes a number of insulating wraps 276. The wrap 276 is made of a polyethylene terephthalate resin sheet. One such resin is commercially available from Dupont Teijin Films under the trade name Mylar. The cup has a thickness of at least 0.005 mm, and in most cases at least 0.008 mm. The wraps 276 between the winding layers forming the primary winding 252 are disposed at the base 272 of the core 270. This is because the winding layers forming the primary winding 252 are not shown extending beyond The insulating layer located over the outer layer of the primary winding 256 indicates that the primary winding 256 is connected to the 276 extends over the entire length of the space defined by the core on which the windings are arranged. This is shown as a primary winding that is isolated from its outermost neighbors. This is to show that

[0056] A sense winding 256 is disposed directly over the primary winding 252. The sense winding 256 is Of the windings, the detection winding has the fewest number of turns. 252 is shown as consisting of a single layer of turns with a relatively small number of individual turns. In many embodiments of the present invention, the windings are wound in a circular fashion to ensure that the transformer 250 functions properly. The relative orientation of the sense windings 25 must be properly set. 6 is configured so that the winding direction of the primary winding 252 is the same as the winding direction of the primary winding 252.

[0057] An insulating layer 276 extends over the sense winding 256 .

[0058] A leakage control winding 246 is disposed over the sensing winding 256. In this example, the leakage control winding 246 has more turns than the sensing winding 256, and the primary winding 252 has more turns than the sensing winding 256. The wire forming the leakage control winding is wound around the core center leg 274 in a primary winding. The wire forming the winding 252 is wound in the opposite direction to that of the insulating layer 27. 6 extends over the leakage control winding 246.

[0059] An inner conductor wrap 280 is disposed around the insulating layer 276 which is disposed over the leakage control winding 246. The wrap 280 is formed from a conductive material such as copper and extends over at least It has a thickness of about 0.002 mm, and in most cases at least 0.003 mm. The wrap 280 and the conductor wraps 288, 290 described below are designed to be short-circuit-proof. This means that the two ends of the wrap should not be connected together. 276 is disposed over a conductor wrap 280 .

[0060] The secondary winding 264 is disposed over an insulating layer 276 which is disposed over an inner conductor wrap 280. The secondary winding typically has the most turns and is the largest of the windings in the transformer 250. 5, 7, and 9, the secondary winding 264 is symbolically shown having four winding layers. The transformer 250 is shown in FIG. 2. The transformer 250 has a primary winding 252 wound around a core center leg 274 and a secondary winding 256 wound around the core center leg 274. The wire is wound in a direction opposite to the direction in which the wire forming the insulating layer is wound. The edge layer 276 (one layer is labeled with a part number) is the core layer that runs the full length of the space within the core. They do not extend, but are interleaved with the turns of the secondary winding 264 as shown.

[0061] The console 50 is connected to the lower conductor 284 at the end of the wire forming the innermost layer of the secondary winding. The secondary winding 264 of the transformer 250 is connected to the core center leg 274. The primary winding 252 is wound around the primary winding 253 in the opposite direction to that in which the primary winding 252 is wound.

[0062] As shown, an insulating layer 276 covers the entire length of the outermost turns of the secondary winding 264. are placed.

[0063] A second conductor wrap 290 is disposed over the insulating layer 276 which is disposed over the secondary winding 264. An insulating layer 276 is disposed over the second conductor wrap 290.

[0064] With reference to FIG. 6, the electrical connections between the windings of the transformer 250 may be understood. As shown in the accompanying FIGS. 8 and 10, the primary winding 252 is actually configured as a bifilar winding. One end of each of the bifilars is connected to a variable power supply 52. The overlapping ends are connected to a linear amplifier 58, shown diagrammatically as two current sinks. is connected to

[0065] One end of the sense winding 256 is connected to an end of the leakage control winding 246. The free end of the sense winding 256 is connected to a voltage measuring circuit 6 6. The high free end of the leakage control winding 246 is attached to the inner conductor wrap 280. is connected to

[0066] The outer conductor wrap 290 is connected to the end of the secondary winding 264 that is connected to the low conductor 264. Thus, the outer conductor wrap 290 acts as an electromagnetic shield around the outside of the transformer windings. It functions as such.

[0067] As shown in FIGS. 5, 7 and 9, the low conductor 284 is connected to the shield 306. This shield 306 is within the cable 304. The high conductor 278 is connected to the shield 306. It penetrates through.

[0068] When the system 40 of the present invention is activated, the control console 50 applies an AC voltage to the primary winding. The electric field resulting from this voltage causes the other windings 246, 256, and 264 to The voltage induced in the secondary winding 264 is supplied to the handpiece driver as a drive signal. The voltage developed in the sense winding 256 is used as a measure of the voltage of the drive signal. The voltage is applied to the voltage measuring circuit 66 .

[0069] The voltage developed in the leakage control winding 246 is applied to the inner conductor wrap 280. is 2 mm, and more preferably 1 mm, of adjacent inner layers of wire forming the secondary winding 264. The inner conductor wrap 280 is located within a distance of the insulating layer 276. Therefore, the inner conductor wrap 280 is separated from adjacent turns of the secondary winding. Adjacent turns of the winding and the insulating layer 276 therebetween form the components of the matched current source of the system 40. Ideally, the components that make up the system would function as a capacitor 248. The current generated by this current source is the current i that exists as a result of the high side parasitic capacitance. PH and size The leakage current i PH By offsetting The leakage current from the system into the tissue i L The flow of electricity is reduced, if not eliminated. become.

[0070] A further feature of the transformer 250 of the present invention is that the voltage developed across the capacitor 248 is 500V, and more preferably at least 1 This means that the transformer 250 must be capable of supplying at least 500,000V. V, and more preferably at least 1000 V, is output through the secondary winding 264. The drive signals having these voltages are A power generating unit for a powered surgical tool, such as the ultrasonic handpiece 310 of the system 40. It is necessary to provide power.

[0071] FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative transformer 25 that may be incorporated within the control console 50 of the system 40 of the present invention. To minimize redundancy, the structure of the alternative transformer 250a and the following transformers are shown. The core, windings, and insulation layers associated with alternative transformers 250b and 250c, respectively, are described below. The identification numbers assigned to these sections shall be the same as those of the transformer 250 if these components are the same. In this case, the identification numbers are the same as the component identification numbers of the transformer 250. To minimize this, the insulation layers 276 between the layers of the primary winding and between the layers of the secondary winding are No part number is given in the

[0072] The transformer 250a has a central leg 274 of the core 270 as in the first embodiment of the present invention. The primary winding 252 is wound closest to the insulating layer 276. , which is disposed over the outer layer of the primary winding. An inner conductor wrap 280 surrounds the primary winding. The insulating layer 276 is disposed over the insulating layer 276 .

[0073] The inner conductor wrap 290 is surrounded by an insulating layer 276. The sense winding 256 is The inner conductor wrap 280 is wound around an insulating layer 276 which is wound around an inner conductor wrap 280. The wire forming the line 256 is wound in the same direction as the wire forming the primary winding 252. It is wrapped around.

[0074] The secondary winding 264 is disposed around an insulating layer 276 that is disposed over the sense winding 256. The transformer 250a has a secondary winding 264 formed by a wire that is connected to the primary winding. The insulating layer 276 is configured to be wound in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the wires. It is placed over the outer layer of wire that forms the secondary winding.

[0075] An outer conductor wrap 290 is disposed over the insulating layer 276 which is disposed over the secondary winding 276. An insulating layer 276 is disposed over the outer conductor wrap 290.

[0076] A leakage control winding 246 is disposed over the insulating layer surrounding the outer conductor wrap 290. The transformer 250a has a leakage control winding 246 wound in the opposite direction to the direction in which the primary winding 252 is wound. An insulating layer 276 is wound around the leakage control winding 246. 250a, thereby forming the outer casing of a winding subassembly integral with the transformer 250a. It becomes.

[0077] As can be seen from FIG. 8, the transformer 250a has an inner conductor wrap 280 around the leakage control winding 2. The low side of the leakage control winding 246 is connected to the high side terminal of the ground terminal 46. The low side of the sense winding 256 is also tied to ground. The high side of the winding is connected to a voltage measurement circuit 66 .

[0078] An outer conductor wrap 290 is connected to the low side of the secondary winding 264. The side is also connected to a shield 306 within the cable 304 .

[0079] Transformer 250a has an inner conductor wrap 280 as one plate of capacitor 248. The second plate of the capacitor 248 is connected to the first terminal of the secondary winding. The dielectric layers of the capacitor 248 are disposed around both sides of the sense winding 256. In this embodiment of the invention, the sense winding 256 is made up of a capacitor 2 The sense winding 256 is disposed between the two components of the transformer 250a forming the transformer 48. The resulting voltage is relatively low, typically less than 5% of the voltage across the secondary winding 264. This also results in a relatively low electric field around the sense winding 256. The presence of the sense winding 256 between the two components of 0a (forming the capacitor 248) This does not significantly affect the function of the capacitor 248. 248, even though the sensing winding 256 is placed between the plates of the capacitor, the leakage control winding 2 Combined with 46, the parasitic current i PH It is possible to generate a current that substantially matches the This means that:

[0080] The other conductor wrap 290 is made of windings 252, 256, 257, 259 disposed on the inside of the wrap 290. It acts as a shield covering 8.

[0081] This embodiment of the transformer 250a operates in a manner substantially identical to the manner in which the first transformer 250 operates. When an AC signal is applied to the primary winding 252, a drive signal is applied to the secondary winding 264. A voltage is also generated across leakage control winding 246. This voltage drives capacitor 248. When applied to the low conductor 284 through the high conductor, a current is generated in the low conductor. The parasitic current generated between the power supply and earth / ground is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. The matching current of is the contribution of this parasitic current to the leakage current applied to the tissue on which the handpiece acts. This will reduce, if not eliminate, the extent to which

[0082] A further feature of transformer 250a is that leakage control winding 246 is the outermost winding of the transformer. This is because the transformer is placed in position in the test fixture after all of the other windings are in place. This means that it is possible to apply a voltage to the primary winding and measure the current and By measuring the voltage, the current generated by the matched current source is determined to be the high side leakage current as much as possible. To ensure that the leakage control winding is matched to the The system can then determine whether the proposed method should be used to create the new metric.

[0083] A second alternative transformer 250b of the present invention will now be described, first with reference to FIG. Transformer 250b is similar to transformer 250 in that the primary winding 252 is closest to the core center leg 272. An insulating layer 276 is disposed around the primary winding 252. The sensing winding 256 is wrapped around an insulating layer 276 that is wrapped around the primary winding 252. The sense winding 256 is wound in the same direction as the primary winding 252. An insulating layer 276 is wrapped around the sense winding 256.

[0084] An inner conductor wrap 280 is disposed over the insulating layer 276 that is wrapped around the sense winding 256. An insulating layer 276 is disposed around the sensing winding 256. 4 is disposed over an insulating layer 276 which is disposed over the sense winding 256. 250b is configured such that the secondary winding 2645 is wound in the same direction as the primary winding 252. An insulating layer 276 is disposed over the secondary winding 264.

[0085] An intermediate conductor wrap 288 is disposed over the insulating layer 276 that is wrapped around the secondary winding 264. An insulating layer 276 is disposed over the intermediate conductor wrap 288. A conductor wrap 290 is disposed over the insulating layer 276 which is disposed over the intermediate conductor wrap 288. An insulating layer 276 is disposed over the outer conductor wrap 290.

[0086] A leakage control winding 246 is disposed over the insulating layer surrounding the outer conductor wrap 290. The leakage control winding 246 is wound in the same direction as the primary winding 252 is wound around the core center leg. An insulating layer 276 is wound around the leakage control winding 246 and Thus, it forms the outer shell of the winding subassembly integral with the transformer 250b.

[0087] Referring to FIG. 10, transformer 250b includes inner conductor wrap 280 and intermediate conductor wrap 290. 88 are both connected to the low side of the transformer secondary winding 264. Thus, The wraps 280 and 288 together form one plate of the capacitor 248. The outer conductor wrap 290 is connected to the high side of the leakage control winding 246. The wrap 290 forms the second plate of the capacitor 248 in the transformer 250b. The insulating layer 276 between the conductor wraps 288, 290 is part of the dielectric layer of the capacitor 248. It functions as such.

[0088] Transformer 250b is configured such that both plates of capacitor 248 are formed from conductor wrap. One of the plates, specifically the plate connected to the secondary winding 264, is In reality, the transformer 250 is made up of two conductor wraps 280 and 290. , compared to the capacitor 248 of transformer 250a, the capacitor 248 of transformer 250b has a This results in a high capacitance. PH Generates a current substantially equal to This allows the size of the leakage control winding to be reduced while still providing a matched current source that provides a

[0089] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third alternative transformer 250c that may be incorporated into the system 40 of the present invention. The transformer 250c includes the aforementioned windings 252, 258, 264 and conductor wraps 280, 288, 290. The windings 252, 258, 264 and conductor lines of the transformer 250c are The wraps 280, 288, and 290 are cores similar to the windings and conductor wraps of the transformer 250b. 270 are arranged in the same order relative to the central leg 274 of 270.

[0090] The difference between transformers 250b and 250c is that transformer 250c replaces the single leakage control winding. The feature is that it has three transformer controlled secondary windings 246a, 246b, and 246c. In general, the sub-windings 246a, 246b, and 246c are connected to the transformer 250b by a single winding 246. 252, 256, and 264 in the same manner as the winding 252 is disposed relative to the windings 252, 256, and 264 in the , 256, 264. In some, but not all, aspects of the invention, In this embodiment, the number of turns of wire forming the leakage control windings 246a, 246b, and 246c is equal to that of a single layer. The number of turns is the same as that of the leakage control winding 246a.

[0091] As can be seen in FIG. 11, the high side of the sense winding 256 is connected to the voltage measurement circuit 66. The low side of the sense winding 256 is connected to ground. Both 80 and 288 are tied to the low side of the secondary winding 264 .

[0092] A switch array 294 is integrated with the transformer 250c. is physically attached to the transformer 250c and physically isolated from the transformer 250c. Each of the secondary windings 246a, 246b, and 246c may be connected to a switch. The outer conductor wrap 290 is also connected to the switch array 294. The switch array 294 also has a connection to ground. A large number of switches (not shown) are arranged in the switch array 294. The switch in the array selects the high side of one of the secondary windings 246a, 246b, or 246c. The secondary winding is connected to the outer conductor wrap 290, the low side of the secondary winding is connected to the high side of the outer winding, and the secondary winding It is configured to connect the low side of one of the lines to ground.

[0093] Transformer 250c is similar to transformer 250b in that conductor wraps 280 and 288 are connected to capacitor 2 The conductor wrap 290 is configured to function as one plate of the conductor 48. It serves as the second plate of denser 248.

[0094] The transformer 250c selectively configures the switches to form the switch arrays 294, 296. By selectively setting the switches of the switch array 294, By this, one, two or three of the secondary windings 246a, 246b, and 246c (all A combination of these may be connected between the outer conductor wrap 290 and ground. Any one, two, or all of the secondary windings 246a, 246b, and 246c may be matched. This feature of the invention is intended to function as a leakage control winding for the current source. It is easy to adjust the 50c matched current source and the current i output by the current source M Ensure high side Parasitic capacitance C PH This adjustment can be made to be substantially equal to the resulting current. The process typically begins after the transformer 250c is assembled or after the transformer 250c is This is done after the rest of the sole 50 is attached.

[0095] The foregoing description is directed to specific embodiments of the invention. Alternative embodiments of the invention are described. The present invention may have different characteristics from those described above.

[0096] For example, features of the various aspects of the present invention may be combined with each other. Leakage control subwindings 246a, 246b, 246c of the transformer 250c and the switch array 29 4 may be incorporated within the transformers 250, 250a, and 250b.

[0097] The present invention provides a method for fabricating a multi-phase current source using a plurality of leakage control windings that are selectively connected to form a matched current source. In this embodiment, two, four or more individual windings may be arranged.

[0098] The structure of the components forming the invention may differ from the structure described. For example, Some embodiments of the present invention include E / I core assemblies, U core assemblies, U / I core assemblies, The transformer may include a transformer having an I-core or an I-assembly.

[0099] In some aspects of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a transformer with an internal sensing coil. do not have.

[0100] Other assemblies for forming the matched current source and integral capacitor 248 are possible. Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the conductor wrap is attached to the lower side of the secondary winding 264. The conductor wrap may be attached in close enough proximity to a portion of the high side of the leakage control winding 246. 248. The conductor wrap is then arranged such that it acts as one plate of the capacitor 248. A portion of the leakage control winding serves as the second plate of the capacitor 248. It's fine.

[0101] Similarly, in all aspects of the present invention, the console does not necessarily have to be connected to the center tap of this winding. By applying a voltage to the amplifier and periodically connecting the windings to ground, an AC voltage In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. An AC voltage source is provided which is the source of the AC signal applied across the transformer primary winding 252. Similarly, in all configurations of the present invention, the transformer may be The AC voltage applied to or induced in the transformer may be constant.

[0102] In most embodiments of the present invention, the transformer includes at least one conductor wrap. In all aspects of the present invention, the transformer does not necessarily have to have multiple conductor wraps. When a single conductor wrap is provided, the wrap may include, but is not limited to, , typically forming one plate of the capacitor 248 of the matched current source. If three conductor wraps are provided, it is not necessary that each wrap have a capacitor 248. The two wraps do not need to form part of one or more plates of the capacitor 248. A third wrap may form a shield. A transformer having five conductor wraps is also within the scope of the present invention. Specifically, the two wraps form the first plate of the capacitor 248, and the two The wrap forms the second plate of the capacitor 248, and the single wrap forms the outer Assemblies that act as a shield around the side windings are also within the scope of the present invention.

[0103] Similarly, the order of the windings 246, 252, 236, and 264 relative to the center of the core 270 is as follows: The order may differ from that listed.

[0104] Not all features may be included in all aspects of the invention. An alternative console of the invention may include a matched current source that is not fully integrated into the transformer. In some aspects of the present invention, the transformer includes a pair of leakage current windings 246a, 246b. , 246c and a switch for selectively connecting the windings together. In these embodiments, the capacitor 248 with the matched current source is separate from the transformer 250. It's fine.

[0105] Although not shown, in some embodiments of these aspects of the invention, a transistor Typically, FETs may function as the individual switches in switch array 294. Please understand this.

[0106] This feature includes a matched current source having a plurality of leakage current windings selectively connected together. It will be understood that the number of selectively connectable subwindings need not necessarily be three. In some embodiments of the present invention, only two secondary windings may be provided. In yet another embodiment, the number of sub-windings selectively connected together may be four or more. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for making a leakage control winding in which one of the plurality of secondary windings is always a secondary winding of the leakage control winding. The present invention may be configured as follows.

[0107] In most embodiments of the present invention, the conductor wraps that function as capacitor plates are The winding may extend 360° circumferentially around the underlying winding or windings. In some embodiments, the conductor layer does not extend completely around the winding or windings underneath. Alternatively, the conductor wrap may extend over an angle of more than 360° around the winding. Regardless of how far the wrap extends around the winding, both sides of the wrap may be electrically It should be understood that the conductors should not be directly connected to each other. This is to prevent shorting the conductor wraps. This is to

[0108] Similarly, a powered surgical tool to which a drive signal is provided by an embodiment of the console of the present invention may include: It is understood that the power generating unit is not limited to a tool having a set of ultrasonic transducers. It should be understood that another system of the present invention is a power generating unit of a tool that generates light (photon energy). Other systems of the invention may be configured as monopolar or The handpiece may include a bipolar electrode assembly. In the system, the conductors passing through the handpiece are considered the power generating unit. One or more electrodes are attached to the device to apply the energy. It works by applying an electric current to tissue. This current heats the tissue and induces the intended fusion. This results in removal or cauterization of tissue.

[0109] Additionally, the control console of the present invention and the transformer of the present invention may be used in devices other than powered surgical handpieces. Such a device may be used to apply an AC signal with a relatively low leakage current to the device. An example of such a device is a bipolar forceps. In this type of assembly, the tip of the forceps is considered the energy applicator of the handpiece. It transmits the AC signal to the tip. The conductors integral with the forceps arms are considered the power generating unit of the handpiece.

[0110] Therefore, it is the object of the appended claims to determine such features as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention. This includes all modifications and alterations.

Claims

1. A control controller for providing a drive signal to a power generating unit (324) of the surgical tool (310). A console (50), A primary winding (252) to which an AC voltage is applied and a secondary winding (264) to which a drive signal is induced. and a transformer (250, 250a, 250b, 250c) comprising: , which is applicable to the power generating unit (324) of the surgical tool (310). A transformer (250, 250a, 250b, 250c); a leakage control winding (246) for inducing a voltage by the AC signal applied to the primary winding; ) and a capacitor (248) connected between the leakage control winding and the transformer secondary winding. a matched current source comprising: a matched current source designed to generate a current that at least partially cancels the current; A control console (50) comprising: The leakage control winding (246) and the capacitor (248) of the matched current source are This is also in the transformer (250, 250a, 250a, 250c), and the capacitor , a layer of conductive material (280, 281) wound around at least one of the windings of the transformer 88, 290)。 At least one plate formed of Console (50).

2. The conductive material layer serves as a first plate of the matched current source capacitor (2480). Possible, The number of turns of one set of the windings of the transformer (250, 250a, 250b) is It serves as the second plate of a matched current source capacitor (248). The control console (50) of claim 1.

3. A set of turns of the secondary winding (264) is connected in front of the matched current source capacitor (248).

3. A control console according to claim 2, adapted to function as the second plate. ５０）。

4. A plurality of the conductive material layers (280, 288, 290) are provided on the transformer (250, 250a).

10. The coil winding of claim 1, wherein the coil winding is wound around the coil winding of the coil winding. A control console (50) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.

5. At least one layer of conductive material (280) is provided for supporting the matched current source capacitor (248). It acts as a rate At least one conductor other than the layer (280) serves as a plate of the matched current source. A layer of dielectric material (290) is connected to the lower side of the transformer secondary winding (264) and serves as a shield. It is designed to function as The control console (50) of claim 4.

6. At least one of the at least one conductive material layers (280, 288) is serves as a first plate of a capacitor (248); At least one conductor other than the layer that serves as the first plate of the matched current source. A layer of dielectric material (290) is connected to the low side of the transformer secondary winding (264) and the matching current The second plate of the source capacitor (248) is adapted to act as the second plate of said capacitor. There are, A control console (50) according to claim 3 or claim 4.

7. The layers of conductive material (280, 288) are connected to each other and the matched current source capacitors 4 to 10, which function as a single plate of the sensor (248).

6. A control console (50) as described in any one of claims 6 to 8.

8. A sensing winding (256) is disposed within the transformer (250, 250a, 150b, 250c). A control console (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 。

9. The sensing winding is located between the primary winding (252) and the secondary winding (264).

9. The control console (90) of claim 8.

10. The leakage control winding (246) is located outside the sensing winding (256), and the secondary winding 10. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the wire (264) is located outside the leakage control winding. Control console.

11. The leakage control winding (246) is located outside the primary winding (252). A control console (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The leakage control winding (246) is located outside the secondary winding (264). The control console according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 11. Lu (50).

13. The primary winding (252) has a center tap to which a DC voltage is applied; Both ends of the primary winding are connected to the primary winding to generate the AC voltage across the primary winding. connected to a circuit (115) that selectively couples both ends of the line to ground; A control console (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The leakage control winding is comprised of a number of sub-windings (246a, 246b, 246c). And, A set of switches (294, 296, 298) switch the sub-windings of the leakage control winding selectively connected together and for a given voltage applied to the primary winding (252), [0023] The leakage control winding is adapted to set a voltage across the leakage control winding. A control console (50) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. said conductor forming at least one plate of said matched current source capacitor (248) The material layers (280, 288, 290) are 0c) extending circumferentially around at least the winding of claim 1 to claim 14. A control console (50) as described in any one of the preceding claims.

16. The control console includes at least one driver (32) for an ultrasonic surgical tool (310). 4) configured to provide a drive signal for application to the 16. A control console (50) as described in any one of claims 15.

17. A control controller for providing a drive signal to a power generating unit (324) of the surgical instrument (310). A console (50), A primary winding (252) to which an AC voltage is applied and a secondary winding (264) to which a drive signal is induced. ) and a transformer (250c) comprising: a transformer (250c) adapted to apply a voltage to the power generating unit (324); a leakage control winding (246) for inducing a voltage by the AC signal applied to the primary winding; a, 246b, 246c) between the leakage control winding and the transformer secondary winding (265). and a capacitor (248) connected to at least partially compensating for leakage currents present in the drive signal applied to the surgical tool. a matched current source designed to generate a killing current; A control console (50) comprising: The leakage control winding is in the transformer and includes a number of sub-windings (246a, 246b, 246c), A switch array (294) switches the secondary windings to form the leakage control winding. and selectively connecting one or more of the capacitors (248) to ground. This allows for a given voltage applied to the transformer primary winding (252). By configuring the switch array so that the voltage across the leakage control winding is It is designed to be selectively set A control console (50).

18. The matched current source capacitor (248) is integrated into the transformer (250c). The control console (50) of claim 17.

19. 19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein a sensing winding (256) is disposed within the transformer. The control console (50) described herein.

20. The sense winding (256) is between the primary winding (252) and the secondary winding (264).

20. The control console (50) of claim 19, located at

21. The sub-windings (246a, 246b, 246c) of the leakage control winding are connected to the sensing winding The secondary winding (264) is located outside the leakage control winding.

21. A control console (50) according to claim 19 or claim 20,

22. The secondary windings (246a, 246b, 246c) of the leakage control winding are A control controller according to any one of claims 16 to 21, which is located outside the line. Sole (50).

23. The leakage control winding includes three sub-windings (246a, 246b, 246c).

23. A control console (50) as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 22.

24. The primary winding (252) has a center tap to which a DC voltage is applied; Both ends of the primary winding are connected to the primary winding to generate the AC voltage across the primary winding. connected to a circuit that selectively couples both ends of the line to ground; A control console according to any one of claims 16 to 23.

25. The control console includes at least one driver (32) for an ultrasonic surgical tool (310). 4) is configured to provide a drive signal for application to the 25. A control console (50) according to any one of claims 24.

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