FILTER SYSTEMS, FILTER ASSEMBLY MECHANISMS, AND FILTER ELEMENTS FOR USE THEREIN AND THEREWITH - Patent application

Abstract

Provided herein are filter elements, filter assembly systems, filter systems, methods of providing filter systems, and methods of assembling filter elements. The assembly systems may include a rapid-attach attachment member that slides axially along and threadably engages an assembly shank. Torque limiting features may be provided to limit the amount of load that may be applied to the filter element by the attachment member. Identifiers may be provided to properly fasten the attachment member. Clocking features and mechanisms may be provided to better balance the load on the sealing member.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This application relates generally to filter systems, filter elements and assembly mechanisms for filtration applications. [Background technology]

[0002] Filter systems often use replaceable filter elements that are replaced when damaged or when the filter element reaches the limit of its useful life (e.g., when the filter element becomes filled with particulates removed from the fluid being filtered). Portions of the filter system, such as the part of the filter system in which the filter element is assembled, or the mounting mechanism that secures the filter element within the filter system, are often reusable components.

[0003] Filter systems, such as air intake systems, often have an assembly having a threaded shaft extending through the end of a filter element. A mounting member, such as a nut or threaded handle, is attached to the end of the threaded shaft to secure the filter element to the assembly.

[0004] One such system where this type of filter assembly device is often employed is in the intake of a gas turbine, where a plurality of filter elements are assembled to the assembly device in the form of a tube sheet. An assembly yoke extends from the tube sheet and includes a threaded shaft for each of the filter elements to be assembled to the tube sheet. One intake system may have hundreds of individual filter elements.

[0005] Due to maintenance costs and downtime costs, or periods of reduced business production, it is beneficial to limit the amount of time required to remove an old filter element and then install a new filter element.

[0006] It is also desirable to ensure that the amount of load applied by the mounting members to the filter element is within a desired range: if the load is too high or too low, the seal between the filter element and the mounting device (e.g., tube sheet) may be compromised, resulting in fluid leakage or premature failure of the seal, leaving dirty fluid to bypass the filter element.

[0007] Furthermore, filter elements are often assembled in a cantilevered orientation and tube sheets are often assembled in a vertical orientation. Due to gravity, the cantilevered orientation can cause uneven forces on the sealing elements since the sealing force is not parallel to gravity. Instead, the vertical lower portion of the sealing body is often subjected to a higher force than the upper portion of the sealing body. This can require overloading the lower portion of the sealing body to obtain sufficient loading on the vertical upper portion of the sealing body, or due to loading on the upper portion of the sealing body in an attempt to obtain an adequate sealing force against the lower portion of the sealing body, or a combination of both.

[0008] Also, because of the way the filter elements are assembled and the closeness in which they are placed, it is often not possible to view the closure with the assembly device and visually inspect the extent to which the closure or closures are compressed. This problem can be exacerbated in systems where multiple filter element segments are axially stacked against each other with closures between the multiple filter element segments to form a single larger filter element.

[0009] Furthermore, it may be useful to prevent unauthorized filter elements from being used within the filter system to avoid the utilization of inferior or inappropriate filter elements.

[0010] Furthermore, due to the number of filter elements frequently utilized, the filter elements are often packed close together, restricting the flow space between adjacent filter elements. Applicants have determined that as filter elements are packed closer together, the space between filter elements is restricted, which may impede the air flow upstream of the system, thereby increasing the pressure drop across the system. Applicants have determined that reducing flow disturbance and flow separation may reduce flow restriction and turbulence around and through the filter elements, thus reducing pressure loss. This may allow for any one or any combination of smaller filter elements, fewer filter elements, more densely packed filter elements, or improved pressure performance of the overall system. Reducing flow separation from the upstream face of the filter elements may also improve the full utilization of all filter media of the filter elements. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] The present disclosure relates to improvements over the current state of the art and may result in one or more of the following: reduced service time, and / or improved repeatability in applying desired sealing loads to filter elements and associated seals, and / or alternative filter element spacing and / or sizes and designs. These and other advantages of the present invention, as well as further inventive features, will be apparent from the description of the invention provided herein. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] Provided herein are novel filter elements, filter assembly systems, filter systems, methods of providing filter systems, and methods of assembling filter elements.

[0013] In one example, a filter element is provided. The filter element is assembled to an assembly yoke extending from a tube sheet. The tube sheet has a flow opening therethrough. The assembly yoke has a threaded shank. A coupler threadably attached to the threaded shank secures the filter element to the threaded shank. The coupler includes an angled catch.

[0014] The filter element includes a filter media tube, a first end plate, a tube sheet closure, a compression member, and a first angled catch. The filter media tube extends axially between a first end and a second end. The filter media tube defines a central cavity sized to receive an assembly yoke therein. The first end plate acts on the filter media tube. The first end plate has an end plate opening therethrough, the end plate opening sized to receive a threaded shank of the assembly yoke therethrough. The tube sheet closure is adjacent the second end of the filter media tube and seals the filter media tube against the tube sheet and provides fluid communication between the central cavity and the flow opening. The tube sheet closure is axially compressible under a first minimum axial load. The compression member is supported by the first end plate. The compression member includes a compression region axially compressible under a second minimum axial load, the second minimum axial load being greater than the first minimum axial load. The first angled catch is radially offset from the center of the end plate opening.

[0015] In one example, the first angled catch and the compression region are configured such that the first angled catch and the angled catch of the coupler engage only when at least a desired load is applied by the coupler to the filter media tube.

[0016] In one example, the compression region of the compression member extends around the aperture through the compression member. The compression region is engageable for application of an axial load by an attachment member that is threadably attached to a portion of the screw shank that extends through the end plate aperture and the compression member aperture. However, in some examples, the compression region may not extend completely around the screw shank.

[0017] In one example, the compression member includes a sealing region that engages the screw shank and seals the screw shank to the first end plate upon assembly of the screw shank to prevent fluid from bypassing through the end plate opening. The sealing region may be formed integrally with the compression region, such as from a single continuous piece of material.

[0018] In one example, the first angled catch is secured at an angle to the first endplate. The first angled catch may be provided by the endplate or another structure that is clocked at an angle to the endplate. The first angled catch may be provided by a compression member.

[0019] In one example, the first angled catch is radially spaced from the compression region.

[0020] In one example, the compression region of the compression member is axially compressible upon application of a second minimum axial load toward a second end independent of the angled catch, in other words, compression of the compression region causes a greater degree of compression / axial deformation in the compression region than the angled catch that is radially offset from the compression region.

[0021] In one example, the angled catch and compression member are formed as part of a washer that is removably attached to the first endplate, and a clocking device is provided between the washer and the first endplate to angularly orient the washer to the first endplate about a central axis of the endplate opening.

[0022] In one example, the clocking arrangement may be provided by a portion of a washer extending through the endplate opening, the endplate opening and the portion of the washer having a non-circular mating perimeter.

[0023] In one example, the angled catch is permanently attached to the first endplate. The first endplate may define the angled catch, such as a molded or stamped portion of the first endplate. Alternatively, the angled catch may be a separate component that is permanently secured to the first endplate.

[0024] In one example, the compression member is permanently attached to the first endplate, for example, the compression member may be a remaining part of the endplate, and the compression member may be adhesively attached or otherwise bonded (chemically, mechanically welded) to the first endplate.

[0025] The compression member may be captured between various portions of the first endplate.

[0026] In one example, the first end plate is permanently attached to the filter media tube and forms part of, or is, an end cap that is attached to the filter media tube.

[0027] In one example, the end plate seal is inserted between the filter media tube and the first end plate. The first end plate is removable from the filter media tube and is reusable. The end plate seal may be permanently attached to the filter media tube, the first end plate, or may be separate from both the filter media tube and the first end plate.

[0028] In one example, the sealing region includes a helical wiper seal on an inner diameter of a compression member opening that extends through the compression member, the helical wiper seal corresponding (e.g., shape and size) to the threads of the screw shank.

[0029] In one example, the first angled catch is provided by a first washer member attached to the compression member and a second washer member radially offset from the first washer member. The second washer member covers the compression region and is axially engaged by an attachment member that is threadably attached to the threaded shank when assembled to the threaded shank. Loads for assembling the filter element are transferred from the attachment member through the second washer member to the filter element.

[0030] In one example, the first washer member and the second washer member are harder than the compression member.

[0031] In one example, the first washer member and the second washer member are metal and the compression member is rubber.

[0032] In one example, a filter assembly system is provided. The system includes a filter element. In a preferred example, the filter element is a filter element as generally described above. The filter assembly system includes an attachment member, which may take the form of a handle. The attachment member includes a lever and a coupler. The coupler includes a threaded hole, the threaded hole extending axially through a body of the coupler from one end of the coupler to the other end of the coupler. The coupler includes a clearance hole, the clearance hole extending axially through the body and intersecting the threaded hole at a non-parallel angle from the axis of the threaded hole. The clearance hole and the threaded hole are configured such that the coupler can be oriented to be received on a screw shank with the clearance hole extending along the axis of the screw shank, with the threads of the threaded hole not engaging the threads of the screw shank and not interfering with sliding movement of the coupler along the screw shank. The clearance hole and the threaded hole are configured such that the lever can be manipulated to pivot the coupler to an angular orientation in which the screw shank extends along the axis of the screw hole and the threads on the screw shank engage the threads on the screw hole. The lever can then be rotated, for example around the screw shank, to thread the coupler along the screw shank and secure the filter element.

[0033] In some instances, the lever compresses the compression area and the tube sheet seal.

[0034] In one example, the system includes a first angled catch, the first angled catch being radially offset from a center of the opening through which the screw shank extends. The first angled catch is directly or indirectly secured at an angle to the first end plate. The coupler has a second angled catch radially offset from an axis of the screw hole. When the coupler applies a desired load to the compression region, the compression region compresses a sufficient amount such that the second angled catch angularly abuts the first angled catch of the filter element, inhibiting continued angular motion of the coupler and increasing the load applied by the coupler to the filter element. When the coupler applies a load to the compression region less than the desired load, the second angled catch is axially offset from the first angled catch, such that continued rotation of the coupler does not cause the first angled catch to angularly abut the second angled catch.

[0035] In one example, the system includes three first angled catches spaced at equal angles such that the coupler requires no more than 120 degrees of rotation after the desired load is reached before the second angled catch engages one of the three first angled catches and inhibits continued rotation of the coupler, which may prevent significant overloading of the filter element.

[0036] In one example, the mounting member includes three equiangularly spaced levers.

[0037] In other examples, one or more catches may be provided and one or more levers may be provided.

[0038] In one example, the filter element includes one or more identifiers that identify when a sufficient load is applied to the filter element. In some examples, the identifier can be a feature molded into or on the filter element, with which the lever of the attachment member aligns when a sufficient load is applied. In some examples, the identifier is a shape of the filter element itself. For example, in a triangular cross-section filter element, the one or more levers may be oriented directly against one of the corners, rather than between adjacent corners, when the coupler is properly loaded against the filter element.

[0039] In one example, a filter system is provided. The filter system includes a filter assembly system, a filter element, a tube sheet, and an assembly yoke. The tube sheet has a flow opening in fluid communication with a central cavity of the filter media tube. The assembly yoke extends into the central cavity of the filter media tube. The assembly yoke includes a screw shank extending through the end plate opening. The coupler is threadably attached to the screw shank when the screw shank is aligned with the threaded hole of the coupler and is axially slidable along the screw shank when the clearance hole is aligned with the screw shank. The coupler is rotatable about the screw shank to increase the load on the filter element and compress the tube sheet seal against the tube sheet.

[0040] In one example, a method of assembling a filter element of a filter system is provided. The method includes assembling the filter element onto an assembly yoke having a screw shank extending through an end plate opening. The method includes aligning a clearance hole with the screw shank and sliding a coupler toward the filter element. The method includes pivoting the coupler to engage the screw hole with the screw shank. The method includes rotating the coupler to fasten the coupler to the filter element and compress the housing closure against the tube sheet.

[0041] In one example, the method includes rotating the coupler until a desired load is applied from the coupler to the compression region of the compression member, and if the first angled catch and the second angled catch are not in angled abutment when the desired load is reached, continuing to rotate the coupler until the first angled catch of the filter element angularly abuts the second angled catch of the coupler.

[0042] In one example, the first angled catch and the second angled catch are radially offset from a central axis of the screw shank.

[0043] In one example, when the desired load is reached, the coupler axially compresses the compression region sufficiently such that the second angled catch angularly abuts the first angled catch of the filter element, inhibiting continued angular movement of the coupler and increasing the load applied by the coupler to the filter element. In particular, the first and second angled catches may not immediately angularly abut, but may require several continued angular rotations of the coupler. When the coupler applies a load to the compression region less than the desired load, the second angled catch is axially displaced from the first angled catch, such that continued rotation of the coupler does not angularly abut the first angled catch against the second angled catch.

[0044] In one example, an assembly system is provided. The assembly system includes a screw shank, a seal, and an attachment member. The seal seals the filter element to the screw shank. The attachment member may be in the form of a handle. The attachment member includes a lever and a coupler. The coupler includes a threaded hole, the threaded hole extending axially through a body of the coupler from one end of the coupler to the other end. The coupler includes a clearance hole, the clearance hole extending axially through the body and intersecting the screw hole at a non-parallel angle from the axis of the threaded hole. The coupler can be oriented such that the clearance hole extends along the axis of the screw shank and is received on the screw shank with the threads of the threaded hole not engaging the threads of the screw shank and not interfering with sliding movement of the coupler along the screw shank. The lever can be operated to pivot the coupler to an angular orientation in which the screw shank extends along the axis of the screw hole and the threads on the screw shank engage with the threads on the screw hole, and the coupler can then be rotated to thread the coupler along the screw shank and compress the seal.

[0045] In one example, the assembly system includes a screw shank, a compression member, a first angled catch, and a second attachment member. The compression member has a compression region. The first angled catch is at a fixed angular orientation relative to the screw shank. The attachment member has a threaded hole engageable with threads of the screw hole. Rotation of the attachment member threads the attachment member along the screw shank and compresses the compression region to handle a load applied by the attachment member. The attachment member has a second angled catch. The first angled catch and the second angled catch angularly abut only after the attachment member applies a desired load to the compression region of the compression member. When the attachment member applies a load to the compression region that is less than the desired load, the second angled catch is axially offset from the first angled catch such that continued rotation of the coupler does not cause the first angled catch to angularly abut the second angled catch.

[0046] In one example, either three first angled catches or three second angled catches are provided, and after the desired load is reached, a rotation of 120 degrees or less of the mounting member is required for the first angled catches to angularly abut with the second angled catches.

[0047] In one example, a filter system is provided. The system includes a filter element as generally described above. The system includes a threaded shank extending through an end plate opening in the filter element. The attachment member has a threaded bore engageable with the threads of the threaded shank. Rotation of the attachment member may thread the attachment member along the threaded shank and compress the compression region. The attachment member has a second angled catch. The first angled catch and the second angled catch angularly abut only after the attachment member applies a desired axial load. Until the attachment member applies a desired axial load, the second angled catch is axially offset from the first angled catch such that continued rotation of the attachment member does not cause the first angled catch to angularly abut the second angled catch.

[0048] In one example, the attachment member includes a coupler having a body. The body of the coupler provides a threaded hole and a second angled catch.

[0049] In one example, the attachment member is in the form of a handle. The handle includes a lever and a coupler. The lever is in rotational engagement with the coupler such that the coupler rotates with the lever. The lever may be permanently or removably engaged with the coupler.

[0050] In one example, a method of assembling a filter element of a filter system is provided. The method includes assembling the filter element onto an assembly yoke having a screw shank extending through an end plate opening. The method includes rotating a coupler to fasten the coupler to the filter element and compress the housing closure against the tube sheet. Rotating the coupler includes rotating the coupler until a desired load is reached and the first angled catch and the second angled catch abut.

[0051] In one example, a filter element is provided that includes a plurality of interconnected panel sections. The plurality of interconnected panel sections form a tubular configuration surrounding a central cavity. The plurality of interconnected panel sections include at least a first panel section, a second panel section, and a third panel section. Each panel section includes a filter media panel and a filter media panel support member. The filter media panel has an inner surface and an outer surface. The filter media panel extends laterally between a first side and a second side. The first filter media panel support member defines a cavity that receives the filter media panel. The filter media panel support member defines a first wing portion adjacent the first side of the filter media panel and a second wing portion adjacent the second side of the filter media panel. The first wing portion of the first panel section is attached to the second wing portion of the second panel section, interconnecting the first panel section to the second panel section.

[0052] In one example, for each panel section, the filter media panel support member includes an inner support and an outer support. The inner support is adjacent to the inner surface. The inner support includes a first connection region adjacent to the first side and a second connection region adjacent to the second side. The outer support is adjacent to the outer surface, and the outer support includes a third connection region adjacent to the first side and a fourth connection region adjacent to the second side. The first connection region and the third connection region are secured together to form a first wing portion and secure the inner support and the outer support to each other. The second connection region and the fourth connection region are secured together to form a second wing portion and secure the inner support and the outer support to each other. A cavity for the panel section is formed between the inner support and the outer support.

[0053] In one example, for each panel section, a first portion of the filter media panel extends into the first wing portion and is sandwiched between the first and third connection regions, and a second portion of the filter media panel extends into the second wing portion and is sandwiched between the second and fourth connection regions.

[0054] In one example, the clip secures a first wing portion of a first panel section to a second wing portion of a second panel section, The clip may be plastically deformable to secure the wing portions together.

[0055] In one example, the clip is U-shaped.

[0056] In one example, for each panel section, one of the first connection region and the second connection region includes an outer extending section that extends outwardly and away from the first side, and the other of the first connection region or the second connection region includes an outer extending middle section and an inner extending end section that folds over the middle section to form a receiving slot therebetween. The outer extending section is received within the receiving slot.

[0057] In one example, for each panel section, the filter media panel has a flow face extending between a first side and a second side, and the first and second vane portions extend outwardly away from the corresponding first and second sides in a non-parallel, non-orthogonal orientation to the flow face.

[0058] In one example, for each panel section, the inner support includes a main panel adjacent the inner surface. A first connection area is connected to the main panel adjacent the first side and extends at an angle relative to the main panel, and a second connection area is connected to the main panel adjacent the second side and extends at an angle relative to the main panel. For each panel section, the outer support includes the main panel adjacent the outer surface, a first intermediate side section adjacent the first side and extending from the main panel toward the inner support, and a second intermediate side section adjacent the second side and extending inwardly from the main panel toward the inner support, a third connection area is provided by an end section extending outward from the first side at an angle relative to the inner surface, and a fourth connection area is provided by an end section extending outward from the second side at an angle relative to the inner surface.

[0059] In one example, each panel section is generally planar (e.g., has planar front and rear surfaces that may have a thickness therebetween), and the plurality of panel sections is three or more, and the interconnections of the panel sections form a generally polygonal cross-sectional shape.

[0060] In one example, the inner support is a single, unitary structure formed from a mesh material that allows airflow therethrough. The outer support is a single, unitary structure formed from a mesh material that allows airflow therethrough. Typically, the mesh has a higher porosity than the porosity of the media panel located between the inner and outer supports.

[0061] In one example, a first sealing member is attached to a first end of the plurality of panel segments, a second sealing member is attached to a second end of the plurality of panel segments, the first sealing member seals the first end of each filter media panel of the plurality of panel segments, and the second sealing member seals the second end of each filter media panel of the plurality of panel segments.

[0062] In one example, the first and second sealing members are molded into a plurality of panel sections, and the first filter media panel and the filter media panel support member are received within the first and second sealing members.

[0063] In one example, a filter element is provided that includes a filter media tube and a first sealing member. The filter media tube extends between a first end and a second end. In some, but not all, examples, the filter media tube may be provided by separate filter media panels operably attached to one another. In other examples, the filter media tube may be a continuous filter media piece. The first sealing member is attached to the first end of the filter media tube. The first sealing member is annular. The first sealing member includes an annular sealing rib that extends axially outwardly away from the filter media tube. The first sealing member includes a first annular abutment shoulder that extends axially outwardly away from the filter media tube. The first annular abutment shoulder is radially spaced from the annular sealing rib and defines a first passage therebetween.

[0064] In one example, an outermost end of the first annular abutment shoulder is positioned axially further from the filter media tube than an outermost end of the annular sealing rib.

[0065] In one example, the first sealing member includes a second annular abutment shoulder axially outwardly extending away from the filter media tube. The second annular abutment shoulder is radially spaced from the annular sealing rib to define a second passage therebetween. The annular sealing rib is radially disposed between the first annular abutment shoulder and the second annular abutment shoulder.

[0066] In one example, the first and second annular abutment shoulders extend axially outwardly further than the annular sealing rib such that an outermost end of the annular sealing rib is recessed axially inwardly relative to the outermost axial ends of the first and second annular abutment shoulders, and the first and second annular abutment shoulders form a receiving groove, such that the annular sealing rib provides a bottom of the groove and the shoulders define a mouth of the groove.

[0067] In one example, the axially outermost ends of the first shoulder and the second shoulder are the axially outermost extent of the first sealing member.

[0068] In one example, the filter media tube has a generally polygonal cross-sectional shape in a plane perpendicular to a central axis extending between the first end and the second end. The annular sealing rib includes a plurality of straight sides connected by corner regions. A radial thickness of the straight sides is greater than a radial thickness in the corner regions. The radial thickness of the straight sides may be measured perpendicular to the straight sides and at a center of the corner regions.

[0069] In one example, the average radial dimension of the outermost end of the first annular abutment shoulder is greater than the average radial dimension of the outermost end of the annular sealing rib.

[0070] In one example, a second sealing member is attached to the second end of the filter media tube. The second sealing member includes an annular sealing rib, a first annular surface radially outward of the annular sealing rib, and a second annular surface radially inward of the annular sealing rib. The annular sealing rib extends axially outwardly away from the filter media tube and extends axially outwardly beyond the first and second annular surfaces.

[0071] In one example, the outermost axial extent of the annular sealing rib of the second sealing member is the outermost axial extent of the second sealing member.

[0072] In one example, the first sealing member includes a second annular abutment shoulder extending axially outwardly away from the filter media tube. The second annular abutment shoulder is radially spaced from the annular sealing rib to define a first passageway therebetween. The axially outermost end of the annular sealing rib is spaced axially outwardly away from the filter media tube a greater distance than the axially outermost end of the first annular abutment shoulder. The axially outermost end of the annular sealing rib is spaced axially outwardly away from the filter media tube a greater distance than the axially outermost end of the second annular abutment shoulder.

[0073] In one example, the first annular abutment shoulder is spaced radially outwardly of an inner radial edge of the filter media of the filter media tube.

[0074] In one example, the radially inward surface of the first sealing member tapers at a first angle relative to the central axis of the filter media tube so that the radially inward surface moves further away from the central axis as one progresses axially away from the filter media tube. The filter media tube is a truncated cone and tapers at a second angle relative to the central axis so that the outer periphery of the filter media tube increases in radial dimension as one progresses from the second end toward the first end. The second angle is more parallel to the central axis than the first angle.

[0075] In one example, the cross-sectional shape of the filter media tube is generally polygonal in shape.

[0076] In one example, a filter element is provided that includes a filter media tube and a sealing member. The filter media tube extends axially between a first end and a second end. The filter media tube defines a central cavity. The filter media tube is frusto-conical and increases in radial dimension moving along a central axis from the second end toward the first end. The filter media tube extends at a first angle relative to the central axis. The filter media of the filter media tube has a radially innermost edge at the first end. A sealing member is attached to the first end of the filter media tube. The sealing member has a radially inward tapered inner surface. The tapered inner surface extends at a second angle relative to the central axis. The first angle is more parallel to the central axis than the second angle.

[0077] In one example, the first angle and the second angle are less than 90 degrees.

[0078] In one example, the axially outermost extent of the tapered inner surface of the sealing member that is spaced axially furthest from the first end of the filter media tube is disposed radially outward of the innermost edge at the first end.

[0079] In one example, the cross-sectional shape of the filter media tube and the first sealing member is generally polygonal. The polygonal shape of the sealing member defines a plurality of straight sides interconnected by a plurality of corner regions. The second angle is measured within a portion of the polygonal shape of the sealing member defined by the straight sides.

[0080] In one example, an angled portion of the radially inwardly facing surface of the sealing member extends at a third angle relative to the central axis, the third angle being more parallel to the central axis than the second angle.

[0081] In one example, a filter system is provided that includes a tube sheet and a filter element. The tube sheet has flow openings therethrough. The filter element is assembled to the tube sheet. The filter element includes a filter media tube that defines a central cavity. The filter media tube extends along a central axis between a first end and a second end. The first end is adjacent to the tube sheet. The filter element includes a first sealing member attached to the first end of the filter media tube. The first sealing member is annular and defines a flow opening in fluid communication with the central cavity. The first sealing member includes a radially inwardly facing surface. The radially inwardly facing surface tapers at a first angle relative to a central axis of the filter media tube such that the radially inwardly facing surface moves further away from the central axis as one progresses axially away from the filter media tube.

[0082] In one example, the filter media tube is a truncated cone that tapers relative to the central axis at a second angle such that the outer periphery of the filter media tube increases in radial dimension moving from the second end toward the first end, the second angle being more parallel to the central axis than the first angle.

[0083] In one example, the first end of the filter media tube defines an inner edge that is spaced radially inward of an outer periphery of the flow openings through the tube sheet.

[0084] In one example, the filter media tube has a plurality of first sides and the flow openings through the tube sheet have a plurality of second sides. The first sides and the second sides have an equal number of sides. Corresponding sides of the first sides and the second sides are parallel. An inner edge of the filter media tube extends at least along the plurality of first sides. An outer periphery of the flow openings through the tube sheet extends at least partially along the plurality of second sides.

[0085] In one example, the radially inward surface has a first surface edge spaced axially from the filter media tube, the first surface edge being radially spaced between an inner edge of the filter media tube and an outer periphery of the flow opening.

[0086] In one example, the radially inward surface has a second surface edge that is closer to the second end of the filter media tube than the first surface edge and that is spaced radially inward from the first surface edge.

[0087] In one example, the first sealing member has an axially facing abutment shoulder directed away from the filter media tube, and the first surface edge is formed at the intersection of the axially facing abutment shoulder and the radially inward surface.

[0088] In one example, the axial abutment shoulder abuts against the tube sheet when the filter element is assembled to the tube sheet.

[0089] In one example, a filter assembly is provided having a filter media tube and an end plate. The filter media tube extends between a first end and a second end and defines a central axis extending between the first end and the second end. The first end is an open end. The filter media has a thickness measured in a radial dimension. The end plate is axially biased toward or operably attached to the filter media tube and spans the open end. The end plate has an end face. An outer periphery of the end face defines a fairing.

[0090] In one example, the fairing is in the form of a surface having a curved contour.

[0091] In one example, the curved profile has a first portion tangent to a plane generally perpendicular to the central axis and a second portion axially closer to the filter media tube that is less tangent to the plane.

[0092] In one example, the curved profile is substantially at least a quarter circular profile.

[0093] In one example, the second portion is substantially tangent to a second plane that is approximately perpendicular to the first plane. The second portion is the radially outermost extent of the end plate.

[0094] In one example, the fairing is generally annular and surrounds an axial recess in the end plate, and the through hole extends axially through the end plate within the axial recess.

[0095] In one example, the end plate is formed integrally with the filtration media tube such that the end plate cannot be removed from the filtration media tube without destroying either the end plate or the filtration media tube, or both.

[0096] In one example, the end plate is removable from the filter media tube and reusable with a new filter media tube. The seal may be supported by the filter media tube with which it seals.

[0097] In one example, the radial dimension of the curved contour of the fairing is at least 25% of the radial dimension of the wall thickness of the filter media tube. The axial dimension of the curved contour of the fairing is at least 25% of the radial dimension of the wall thickness of the filter media tube.

[0098] In one example, the radius of curvature of the curved contour is at least 25% of the shortest distance between the edge of the endplate and the center of mass of the endplate, and more preferably is at least 30% of this distance.

[0099] In one example, the curved contour preferably extends radially outward to the uppermost outer edge of the panel section of the end plate and extends radially inward with a radial dimension that is at least 25% of the shortest distance between the edge of the end plate 130 and the center of mass of the end plate 130, and more preferably at least 30% of this distance.

[0100] In one example, the filter media tube has a polygonal cross-sectional shape.

[0101] In one example, a filter assembly is provided that includes a filter media tube and an end plate. The filter media tube extends between a first end and a second end and defines a central axis extending between the first end and the second end. The first end is an open end. The filter media has a thickness measured in a radial dimension. The end plate is axially biased toward or attached to the filter media tube and spans the open end. The end plate has an assembly opening extending axially therethrough. The assembly opening is radially offset from a center of the end plate.

[0102] In one example, the end plate has a generally polygonal cross-sectional perimeter shape in a plane generally perpendicular to the central axis, the polygonal shape being formed by a number of generally straight sides connected by a number of corners, and the assembly opening generally bisects one of the corners and is located along an axis extending through the center of the end plate.

[0103] In one example, the end plate has a generally triangular perimeter shape in a plane generally perpendicular to the central axis, the triangular shape being formed by a number of sides connected by a number of corners, and the center of the end plate being defined by the center of a circle defined by the corners.

[0104] In one example, the triangular perimeter shape is an equilateral triangle, with the assembly opening offset from the center of the end plate toward one of the corners along an axis that extends through the center of the end plate and bisects the corner toward which the assembly opening is offset.

[0105] In one example, the sealing member is attached to a first end of the filter media tube. The end plate is attached to or biased against a second end of the filter media tube. The end plate has a generally triangular perimeter shape in a plane generally perpendicular to the central axis. The triangular shape is formed by a plurality of sides connected by a plurality of corners. The center of the end plate is defined by the center of a circle defined by the corners. The sealing member has a generally triangular perimeter shape in a plane generally perpendicular to the central axis. The triangular shape is formed by a plurality of sides connected by a plurality of corners. The center of the sealing member is defined by the center of a circle defined by the corners. The center of the end plate is coaxial with the center of the sealing member and the central axis when the end plate is biased or attached against the filter media tube.

[0106] In one example, the filter media tube is generally frusto-conical with a larger dimension at a first end than at a second end.

[0107] In one example, a filter system is provided that includes a tube sheet and an assembly yoke. The tube sheet has a flow opening therethrough. The tube sheet is configured to be oriented in a vertical orientation. The assembly yoke extends outwardly from the tube sheet in a generally cantilevered orientation. The assembly yoke includes a first leg, a second leg, a third leg, and an assembly shank. The first leg has a first end assembled to the tube sheet at a first assembly location and a second end. The second leg has a first end assembled to the tube sheet at a second assembly location and a second end. The third leg has a first end assembled to the tube sheet at a third assembly location and a second end. The first assembly location, the second assembly location, and the third assembly location define a circle. The assembly location is operably connected to the first leg, the second leg, and the second end of the third leg. The assembly shank extends along an assembly axis that is generally perpendicular to the tube sheet and extends through the flow opening, the assembly axis not passing through a center of a circle defined by the first assembly location, the second assembly location, and the third assembly location.

[0108] In one example, the first mounting location is vertically above the second and third mounting locations, and the second mounting location is vertically between the first and third mounting locations and horizontally spaced apart from the first and third mounting locations.

[0109] In one example, the assembly shank is at least partially vertically positioned above the second assembly location.

[0110] In one example, the first mounting location and the third mounting location are coaxial on an axis parallel to gravity.

[0111] In one example, the mounting shank is positioned horizontally adjacent to an axis extending through the first mounting location and the third mounting location rather than the center of the circle.

[0112] In one example, the first leg has a first portion that is substantially straight and adjacent to the tube sheet and a first bend that is interposed between the first portion and the assembly shank. The straight portion and the first bend are in the same plane. The second leg has a first portion that is substantially straight and adjacent to the tube sheet and the first bend and the second bend. At least one of the first bend and the second bend is not in the same plane as the other of the first portion and the first bend and the second bend. The third leg has a first portion that is substantially straight and adjacent to the tube sheet and the first bend and the second bend. At least one of the first bend and the second bend is not in the same plane as the other of the first portion and the first bend and the second bend.

[0113] In one example, the assembly axis of the assembly shank is offset from the center of the circle towards the first leg.

[0114] In one example, the assembly axis is in a plane defined by the first assembly location, the center of the circle, and perpendicular to the tube sheet.

[0115] In one example, a filter element is provided having a tube sheet seal that axially seals the tube sheet when the filter element is assembled to an assembly shank of an assembly yoke, the tube sheet seal being generally polygonal in shape and including at least a first corner that receives the first leg, a second corner that receives the second leg, and a third corner that receives the third leg.

[0116] In one example, a filter element is provided having a filter media tube that defines a cavity that receives an assembly yoke in an assembled state, an end plate that is biased against or attached to the filter media tube, and an assembly opening that extends through the end plate in the assembled state and receives an assembly shank.

[0117] In one example, the end plate has a geometric center that is offset from the center of the assembly opening.

[0118] In one example, the geometric center is coaxial with the center of a circle along an axis perpendicular to the tube sheet.

[0119] In one example, the installation location defines a triangle. The tube sheet closure has a cross-sectional shape that is a similarly shaped triangle. During installation, the installation opening is positioned vertically above and horizontally offset from the geometric center of the triangle defined by the cross-sectional shape of the tube sheet closure.

[0120] In one example, the end plate has a generally triangular perimeter shape in a plane generally perpendicular to the central axis. The triangular shape is formed by a first side, a second side, and a third side connected by a first corner, a second corner, and a third corner. The center of the end plate is defined by the center of a circle defined by the first corner, the second corner, and the third corner. The assembly opening is offset from the center of the end plate.

[0121] In one example, the assembly opening is offset from a center of the end plate along an axis extending through the center of the end plate toward the first corner and bisects the first corner.

[0122] In one example, when assembled, the first corner is directly above and vertically offset from the third corner, and the first side extends between the first and third corners. The first side is vertically oriented and approximately parallel to gravity. The second corner is vertically inserted between the first and third corners but is laterally offset from the first and third corners and laterally offset from the first side.

[0123] In one example, the mounting opening is laterally offset from the center of the end plate toward the first side and laterally away from the second corner. The mounting opening is vertically offset upward from the center of the end plate.

[0124] In one example, a filter element is provided. The filter element is for use in a filter system including a tube sheet defining a flow opening therethrough. The tube sheet is configured to be oriented in a vertical orientation. The assembly yoke extends outwardly from the tube sheet in a generally cantilevered orientation. The assembly yoke includes a first assembly leg, a second assembly leg, and a third assembly leg assembled to a first assembly location, a second assembly location, and a third assembly location defining a circle. The assembly yoke includes an assembly shank operably connected to second ends of the first leg, the second leg, and the third leg. The assembly shank extends along an assembly axis, the assembly axis being generally perpendicular to the tube sheet and extending through the flow opening but not passing through a center of the circle. The filter element includes a filter media tube. The filter element includes a tube sheet seal operably attached to the filter media tube. The tube sheet seal axially seals the tube sheet when assembled to the assembly shank of the assembly yoke, The tube sheet seal is generally polygonal in shape and includes at least a first corner for receiving the first leg, a second corner for receiving the second leg, and a third corner for receiving the third leg, such that the tube sheet seal and filter media tube are oriented relative to the assembly yoke and the flow opening.

[0125] In one example, a filter element is provided. The filter element includes a first filter element section and a second filter element section. The first filter element section includes a first filter media tube extending between a first end and a second end. A first sealing member is attached to the first filter media tube. The first sealing member is annular. The first sealing member includes a first annular sealing rib extending axially outwardly away from the first filter media tube. The first sealing member includes a first annular abutment shoulder extending axially outwardly away from the first filter media tube. The first sealing member includes a second annular abutment shoulder extending axially outwardly away from the first filter media tube. The first annular abutment shoulder and the second annular abutment shoulder extend axially outwardly relative to the first filter media tube a distance greater than the first annular sealing rib. The first annular sealing rib is located radially between the first annular shoulder and the second annular shoulder. The second filter element section includes a second filter media tube extending between a first end and a second end. The second filter element section includes a second sealing member attached to the second filter media tube. The second sealing member includes a second annular sealing rib extending axially outwardly away from the second filter media tube. The second sealing member includes a third annular abutment shoulder extending axially outwardly away from the second filter media tube. The second sealing member includes a fourth annular abutment shoulder extending axially outwardly away from the second filter media tube. The second annular sealing rib extends axially outwardly relative to the second filter media tube a distance greater than the third annular abutment shoulder and the fourth annular abutment shoulder. The second annular sealing rib is located radially between the third annular shoulder and the fourth annular shoulder. The second annular sealing rib is axially received between the first annular shoulder and the second annular shoulder and axially abuts the first annular sealing rib.

[0126] In one example, the first sealing member defines an annular boundary for an opening therethrough. The second sealing member defines an annular boundary for an opening therethrough. A first cavity defined by the first tube of filter media is in fluid communication with a second cavity defined by the second tube of filter media through the openings in the first and second sealing members, such that the first and second cavities form a continuous cavity.

[0127] In one example, the first abutment shoulder, the second abutment shoulder, the third abutment shoulder and the fourth abutment shoulder, and the first sealing rib and the second sealing rib are configured such that the first abutment shoulder and the third abutment shoulder abut axially and the second abutment shoulder abut axially, and one or both of the first annular sealing rib or the second annular sealing rib must be compressed axially.

[0128] In one example, a filter element is provided that includes a first filter element section and a second filter element section. The first filter element section has a first filter media tube extending between a first end and a second end. A first sealing member is attached to the first filter media tube. The first sealing member is annular. The first sealing member includes a first annular sealing rib that extends axially outwardly away from the first filter media tube and has an axially outermost end. The first sealing member includes a first annular abutment shoulder that extends axially outwardly away from the first filter media tube and has an axially outermost end. The first sealing member includes a second annular abutment shoulder that extends axially outwardly away from the first filter media tube and has an axially outermost end. The axially outermost ends of the first annular abutment shoulder and the second annular abutment shoulder are axially disposed farther away from the first filter media tube than the axially outermost end of the first annular sealing rib. The first annular sealing rib is located radially between the first annular shoulder and the second annular shoulder. The second filter element section has a second filter media tube extending between a first end and a second end. The second sealing member is attached to the second filter media tube. The second sealing member includes a second annular sealing rib extending axially outwardly away from the second filter media tube and having an axially outermost end. The second sealing member includes a third annular abutment shoulder extending axially outwardly away from the second filter media tube. The second sealing member includes a fourth annular abutment shoulder extending axially outwardly away from the second filter media tube and having an axially outermost end. The axially outermost ends of the third annular abutment shoulder and the fourth annular abutment shoulder are located closer to the second filter media tube than the axially outermost end of the second annular sealing rib. The second annular sealing rib is located radially between the third annular shoulder and the fourth annular shoulder. The second annular sealing rib is axially received between the first annular abutment shoulder and the second annular abutment shoulder and axially abuts the first annular sealing rib.

[0129] In one example, the first abutment shoulder, the second abutment shoulder, the third abutment shoulder and the fourth abutment shoulder, and the first sealing rib and the second sealing rib are configured such that the first abutment shoulder and the third abutment shoulder abut axially and the second abutment shoulder abut axially, and one or both of the first annular sealing rib or the second annular sealing rib must be compressed axially.

[0130] In one example, an end plate is provided for assembling a filter element to a yoke of a tube sheet. The filter element has a sealing member defining an opening to a central cavity of the filter element. The end plate includes a main body having an outwardly facing surface. The main body has an assembly opening into which a portion of the yoke extends upon assembly. The end plate includes an annular sealing rib extending axially outward from the outwardly extending surface. The annular sealing rib extends around the periphery of the assembly opening.

[0131] In one example, the main body includes a first component and a second component. The second component provides an annular sealing rib and an outwardly facing surface. The outwardly facing surface has a radially inner edge and a radially outer edge defined by the second component. The annular sealing rib is laterally spaced from at least one of the inner edge and the outer edge such that a portion of the outwardly facing surface is disposed between at least one of the inner edge and the outer edge and the annular sealing rib.

[0132] In one example, the annular sealing rib is laterally spaced from both the inner edge and the outer edge such that a first portion of the outwardly facing surface is disposed between the inner edge and the annular sealing rib and a second portion of the outwardly facing surface is disposed between the outer edge and the annular sealing rib.

[0133] In one example, the second component is formed from a material that is less rigid than the first component.

[0134] In one example, the assembly opening is offset from the geometric center of the outer extending surface.

[0135] In one example, a portion of the first component extends axially into the annular sealing rib to provide increased stiffness to the annular sealing rib.

[0136] Other aspects, objects and advantageous features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0137] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0138] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a filter system according to one example of the present disclosure, with one filter element in an assembled state and one filter element in a removed and disassembled state. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the system of FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the filter element of FIG. 1 with the mounting member in a quick assembly or removal orientation. [Figure 4] 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the mounting member of FIG. 3, the mounting member pivoting to a fastened position prior to fastening; FIG. [Diagram 5] 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the mounting member of FIG. 4, which fastens and compresses the compression member; FIG. [Figure 6] 2 is an exploded view of the handle, washer assembly, mounting shank and end plate of the filter system of FIG. 1 which form the filter mounting system of the filter system of FIG. 1. [Figure 7] 2 is an exploded view of the handle, washer assembly, mounting shank and end plate of the filter system of FIG. 1 which form the filter mounting system of the filter system of FIG. 1. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a handle engaged with a torque-limiting component of a filter element. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a side view of the handle of the filter system of FIG. 1. [Figure 10]FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the handle of FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the handle and compression member in an uncompressed state. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a view of the handle and compression member of FIG. 11 in a compressed state. [Figure 13] 13 is a perspective view of another example of a filter element and handle. FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial view of the filter element and handle of FIG. 13 with the handle removed. [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is a partial perspective view of another example of a coupler that does not include a filter element and a lever. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 16. [Figure 18] FIG. 2 is a view of a filter element and an end plate to which the filter element is secured, with the end plate removed from the filter element and showing mating sealing features between the filter element and the end plate. [Figure 19] FIG. 2 is an exploded cross-sectional view of an end plate removed from a filter element section. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is an end view of a multiple panel portion of a filter media tube. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is an exploded view of the panel portion of FIG. 20. [Figure 22] 21 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the connection of two panel portions of the filter media tube of FIG. 20. FIG. [Diagram 23] FIG. 13 is an exploded cross-sectional view of two frusto-conical filter element segments showing their mating sealing features. [Figure 24] FIG. 13 is an exploded view showing the filter element spaced from the tube sheet and the tube sheet seal of the filter element. [Diagram 25] FIG. 2 is a perspective end view of a filter element section and its tube sheet closure; [Figure 26] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adapter that may be used with a filter element and tube sheet, the adapter providing an outlet fairing that improves the flow characteristics of an associated filter element. [Figure 27]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adapter that may be used with a filter element and tube sheet, the adapter providing an outlet fairing that improves the flow characteristics of an associated filter element. [Figure 28] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a filter system including multiple filter elements oriented in a cantilevered manner relative to a vertically oriented tube sheet. [Figure 29] FIG. 29 is a partial front view of the filter system of FIG. 28 showing a pair of filter elements assembled to a tube sheet. [Diagram 30] 29 is a front view of the assembly yoke of the filter system of FIG. 28 with the filter element removed, showing the offset orientation of the assembly shank of the assembly yoke and the curved configuration of the two legs of the assembly yoke. [Diagram 31] 30 is a side view of the assembly yoke of the filter system of FIG. 28 with the filter element removed, showing how the assembly shank is shifted vertically upward. [Diagram 32] 31 is a front view of an end plate for use with a filter element to secure the filter element to the mounting yoke of FIG. 30, the view showing the offset position of the mounting openings in the end plate. [Diagram 33] FIG. 33 is a view of the inner plate of the end plate of FIG. 32. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0139] Although the invention will be described in terms of specific preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0140] FIG. 1 partially illustrates a filter system 100 according to a first example of the present disclosure. The filter system 100 has particular application in bulk air filtration systems, such as a filter housing that may form the air intake of a gas turbine engine. The system includes a plurality of filter elements 102 that are assembled to an assembly device shown in the form of a tube sheet 104. An assembly yoke 106 (one shown in full detail in FIG. 1 ) is attached to or adjacent to the tube sheet 104 so as to secure the filter elements 102 to the tube sheet 104. An attachment member 108, shown in the form of a screw handle, secures the filter elements 102 to the corresponding assembly yoke 106.

[0141] Although only two filter elements 102 are shown, these systems typically have many, if not hundreds, of filter elements 102. Thus, small improvements associated with each filter element can provide significant benefits to the overall system (e.g., improved filtration, reduced pressure drop, improved sealing, or improved maintenance efficiency).

[0142] Generally, the filter element 102 is tubular defining an internal cavity. When assembled, an internal cavity 110 defined by the filter element 102 is in fluid communication with flow openings 112 extending through the tube sheet 104. A tube sheet seal 116 of the filter element 102 seals the internal cavity of the filter element 102 against the tube sheet such that fluid does not bypass between the filter element 102 and the tube sheet 104.

[0143] In the illustrated example, each filter element 102 includes a pair of filter element sections 118, 120 in a stacked orientation. Each filter element section 118, 120 includes a filter media section 119, 121 through which dirty fluid flows to remove particulates and / or other impurities entrained in the fluid to be filtered. In this example, the filter media sections 119, 121 form a filter media tube that is approximately triangular in cross section. The tube is also approximately a frustum of a cone such that the tube narrows in dimension as it progresses from the second end 126 toward the first end 124, e.g., away from the tube sheet 104.

[0144] In other embodiments, the tube need not be frusto-conical, but may have a constant cross-section along its entire length. Additionally, in other embodiments, the filter element 102 may be formed from a single cross-section. Additionally, other cross-sectional shapes are contemplated.

[0145] The filter element sections 118, 120 are formed from a plurality of individual filter media panels that combine to form a generally triangular cross section when viewed in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the filter element sections 118, 120 and the frusto-conical tube. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view through the filter element section 118. As shown, the filter element section 118 includes three individual panel sections 228 that are interconnected to one another. The panel sections 228 are generally flat panels having a trapezoidal perimeter. The trapezoidal perimeter is visible in FIG. 1. Typically, the trapezoidal perimeter is an isosceles trapezoid with parallel sides that are generally parallel to the tube and adjacent to a corresponding sealing member.

[0146] 20 and 21, each panel section 228 includes a media panel 230 and a media panel support member including an inner mesh support 232 and an outer mesh support 234. Clips in the form of U-shaped connectors 236 secure the wing portions of adjacent panel sections 228 together.

[0147] 21 and 22, the inner mesh support 232 and the outer mesh support 234 are folded over one another along with a portion 240 of the pleated media to secure the portions of the panel sections 228 together into a unit. The folding over of the vane portions of the media also provides an improved seal between adjacent panel sections 228.

[0148] In the illustrated example, the folded portions of the panel sections 228 form the wing portions of each panel section 228. These wing portions of adjacent panel sections 228 are then clipped or secured together using clips 236 to form the tubular filter element 102.

[0149] FIG. 21 is a partial view of two exploded panel sections 228, and FIG. 22 shows the two panel sections 228 after final assembly.

[0150] An inner mesh support 232 and an outer mesh support 234 wrap around the perimeter of filter media panel 230 to protect and support filter media panel 230. Each side (e.g., wing portion) of each panel section 228 is a mirror image of the other, so only one side (e.g., wing portion) needs to be described.

[0151] In this example, the inner mesh support 232 includes a main panel 242, a connection region 244 that includes a middle section 245, a bend 246, and an end section 247. The middle section 245 extends to the main panel at an angle, and the end section 247 is folded back over the middle section 245 by the bend 246. The folding back forms a receiving slot 251 between the middle section 245 and the end section 247.

[0152] The outer mesh support 234 has a main panel 248, an intermediate section 249, and an end section 250. The intermediate section 249 extends adjacent one side of the media panel toward the inner mesh support 232. The end section 250 extends outwardly from the side of the media at an angle relative to the main panel 242 of the inner mesh support 232. The end section 250 forms a connection region for the outer mesh support 234.

[0153] When assembled, connection regions 244 of outer mesh support 234 cooperate with connection regions 244 of inner mesh support 232 to secure inner mesh support 232 and outer mesh support 234 together. End sections 250 of outer mesh support 234 are received within receiving slots 251 of inner mesh support 232.

[0154] Main panel 242 is adjacent to inner surface 252 of media panel 230, and main panel 248 is adjacent to outer surface 253 of media panel 230. Main panels 242, 248 and inner surface 252 and outer surface 253 of media panel 230 are generally parallel.

[0155] The medial section 249 of the outer mesh support 234 is adjacent to a side 254 that typically, but not necessarily, extends perpendicularly between the inner surface 252 and the outer surface 253 of the media panel 230. The side 254 and the medial section 249 are generally parallel to one another.

[0156] When assembled, the intermediate section 245, the end section 247 and the end section 250 are generally parallel to one another. The end sections 247 and the end sections 250 generally extend at the same angle relative to the main panel 242 and the inner surface 252.

[0157] Referring to FIG. 22 , a first section 260 of end portion 240 of filter media panel 230 is captured between intermediate section 245 and end section 247, while a second section 261 of end portion 240 is captured between end section 247 and end section 250.

[0158] As each panel section 228 is formed, adjacent panel sections 228 are interconnected. To accomplish this interconnection, the middle sections 245 of the inner mesh supports 232 of each adjacent panel section 228 are placed adjacent one another and U-shaped connectors 236 are installed to secure the folded over regions of the panel sections 228 together. The U-shaped connectors may be crimped and plastically deformed to secure the components together.

[0159] In some embodiments, sealing material may be provided between adjacent wing portions, particularly between the middle section 245. The sealing material may be in the form of an adhesive. For example, hot melt or a urethane, such as urethane foam, may be utilized. Additionally, sealing material may be applied between the filter media and the inner and outer mesh supports 232 and 234, such as between the wing portions of the panel section 228 and the end portions 240 of the filter media. The addition of sealing material prevents or reduces leak paths.

[0160] The overlapping portions and U-shaped connectors of the panel sections 228 provide axial stiffness to the corresponding filter element sections 118, 120. The arrangement of the connectors 236 and portions of the mesh supports 232, 234 provide a high stiffness-to-weight ratio, thereby avoiding the need for separate structural members to accommodate the axial compressive forces required for assembly and / or sealing to the tube sheet 104.

[0161] Once the panel sections 228 are interconnected, various seals or other components that form the ends of the filter element sections 118 , 120 may be attached or molded to the panel sections 228 .

[0162] In some embodiments, the mesh supports 232, 234 are formed from steel mesh. The U-shaped connector 236 may be formed from extruded metal, and in particular, extruded steel.

[0163] Additionally, other cross-sectional shapes are contemplated, such as circular, rectangular, etc. Some shapes may provide certain benefits that are not provided to other shapes. In Figure 13, filter element 302 includes filter element segments 318, 320 having a circular cross-sectional shape. First filter element segment 318 has a constant outer diameter from one end to the other, while second filter element segment 320 has a frusto-conical configuration.

[0164] 1 and 23, a mating seal 122 is provided between the stacked filter element segments 118, 120 to prevent fluid bypass. Although not required in some instances, clocking features are provided to properly orient the stacked filter element segments 118, 120 at an appropriate angle and / or prevent relative angular movement between the stacked filter element segments 118, 120. In this instance, the clocking features are incorporated into the shape and contour of the mating components of the mating seal 122.

[0165] Still further, in other embodiments, the stacked filter element sections may be clocked directly to the tube sheet 104. For example, there may be mating projections and recesses provided by the filter element sections 120 and / or the tube sheet 104. Additionally, non-circular shaped filter elements may be used with projections or recesses formed in the tube sheet 104 for clocking purposes. Separate clocking adapters may be attached to the tube sheet 104 or assembly yoke 106 that clock the filter element sections 118, 120. It is also contemplated that round filter element sections 118, 120 may be clocked. In such cases, the clocking features may be provided on the axial ends or may project radially outward from the associated seals or end caps (if provided).

[0166] Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, the triangular shape of the mounting yoke 106 also provides for clocking of the filter element 102 relative to the tube sheet 104 and mounting yoke 106 .

[0167] Although this example shows stacked filter element sections 118, 120, other filter elements may incorporate a single section or three or more sections.

[0168] The filter element 102 extends longitudinally between a first end 124 and a second end 126. One end is provided in this example by each of the filter element segments 118, 120.

[0169] 1 and 2, an end plate 130 is provided at the first end 124. The end plate 130 includes an end plate aperture 132 (also referred to herein as an "assembly aperture"). A screw shank 134 of the assembly yoke 106 operably extends through the end plate 130, and in particular the end plate aperture 132, when the filter element 102 is assembled.

[0170] In this example, end plate 130 is reusable and is not permanently attached to filter element 102 (e.g., permanently attached to either filter element section 118 or 120). In other words, neither filter element 102 nor end plate 130 is damaged upon separation of the two components. Instead, end plate 136 is provided by first filter element section 118 and cooperates with end plate 130 such that end plate 130 is removably sealed to first filter element section 118 upon assembly of filter element 102.

[0171] 13 and 14 , in other embodiments, the end plate 330 may be permanently attached to the filter media of the first element 302. For example, the end plate 330 may be permanently attached to the filter media of the first filter element section 318, and the end plate may form an end cap on the end of the first filter element section 318.

[0172] 2 and the embodiments herein, the end plate 130 is formed from multiple components. The end plate 130 includes an outer shell 138 and an inner plate 140. The inner plate 140 is partially embedded within the outer shell 138. The outer shell 138 may be molded to the inner plate 140. The inner plate 140 optionally includes through holes (see, e.g., FIGS. 6 and 7) to allow material of the outer shell 138 to pass through the through holes and into the inner plate 140 during molding of the outer shell 138, allowing for improved engagement between the outer shell 138 and the inner plate 140. In some examples, the outer shell is urethane and is molded in a molten state. In some embodiments, the end plate 130 is a one-piece continuous component.

[0173] In one example, the inner plate 140 is formed from a metal, such as stamped metal, while the outer shell 138 is formed from a plastic or rubber. In one example, the outer shell may be formed from polyurethane. However, in other configurations, the outer shell 138 or the inner plate 140 may be formed from a plastic. Furthermore, in some configurations, the outer shell 138 is eliminated entirely, and only the inner plate 140 is provided.

[0174] In some examples, the end plate seal 136 may be formed by the shell 138 or the end plate. In further examples, the end plate seal 136 may be completely separate from the end plate 130 or the filter element 102.

[0175] In this example, the inner plate 140 provides increased stiffness to the end plate 130, allowing the axial load exerted by the handle 108 to be transferred to the filter element sections 118, 120, forcing the tube sheet seal 116 against the sealing surface of the tube sheet 104 surrounding the flow opening 112. This force also compresses other axial seals in the device.

[0176] Clocking features are provided between end plate 130 and first filter element section 118. In this example, the clocking features are provided by mating grooves 144 and protrusions 146 provided by end plate 130 (e.g., outer shell 138) and end plate seal 136 (see also FIG. 18 for these features). These components may be reversed in other embodiments. Additionally, other clocking features may be provided, such as multiple individual protrusions and recesses that may provide one or both of the mating components. Still further, the general shape of the filter elements (e.g., triangular perimeter in this example) may be used to clock the components relative to one another.

[0177] 18 and 19, the seal between the end plate 130 and the end plate seal 136 will be described in more detail. The projection 146 of the end plate 130 provides a first sealing rib 210 that projects axially from the body of the end plate providing an outwardly facing surface 212. The first sealing rib 210 is generally annular and forms a gasket. Notably, the annular shape does not have to be circular and may have other circumferential shapes. In this example, the first sealing rib 210 is generally triangular. The first sealing rib 210 is spaced radially inward from an outer edge 213 and spaced radially outward from an inner edge 214. The inner edge 214 is where the surface 212 meets the inner portion in the case of the inner plate 140. Thus, there is a portion of the surface 212 that is radially outward of the sealing rib 210 and a portion of the surface 212 that is radially inward of the sealing rib 210.

[0178] Again, the sealing rib 210, in this embodiment, is in the shape of an annular triangle, and thus has three sides shown as generally straight segments 215, with adjacent straight segments 215 interconnected by corresponding corner portions 216.

[0179] The straight sections 215 generally have a thickness T 1 that is greater than the thickness T 2 of the corner portions 216 .

[0180] 19 , the inner plate 140 has an outwardly extending flange portion 218 that generally extends along each side of the triangular perimeter of the inner plate 140 and the end plate 130. In this example, the flange portion 218 extends axially into the first sealing rib 210 and extends outwardly beyond the outwardly facing surface 212. This allows the inner plate 140, and in particular the flange portion 218, to provide increased rigidity relative to the first sealing rib 210.

[0181] In this embodiment, the end plate seal 136 is molded to the filter media of the first filter element section 118. The end plate seal 136 has cooperating structure that cooperates with the first sealing rib 210 and the outwardly facing surface 212 of the end plate .

[0182] 18, the end plate seal 136 has a second sealing rib 219 that is annularly triangular in shape when viewed in a plane generally perpendicular to the central axis of the filter element section. The triangular shape has straight sections 223 interconnected by corner portions 224. The annular configuration of the second sealing rib 219 forms a gasket. The shape and size of the second sealing rib 219 matches the shape and size of the first sealing rib 210 and provides a primary sealing interface between the first sealing rib 210 and the second sealing rib 219 when in an installed state.

[0183] 18 and 19, a pair of shoulders 220, 221 straddle the second sealing rib 219. Shoulder 220 is radially outward of second sealing rib 219, while shoulder 221 is radially inward of second sealing rib 219. Shoulders 220, 221 extend axially outward, e.g., farther away from the filtration media of first filter element section 118, than second sealing rib 219. This forms the above-identified groove 144 in the outward end of end plate seal 136.

[0184] In this example, the second sealing rib 219 is completely recessed against the shoulders 220, 221. The groove 144 is annular in this example.

[0185] Thus, in this example, end plate seal 136 may be considered the female component, while end plate 130 may be considered the male component. Again, this configuration may be reversed in other examples.

[0186] The first shoulder 220 and the second shoulder 221 are radially spaced from the second sealing rib 219 such that passages 225, 226 are formed between the first shoulder 220 and the second shoulder 221. The passages 225, 226 are annular and have a triangular shape. Preferably, adjacent walls of the shoulders 220, 221 and the second sealing rib 219 taper toward one another such that the passages 225, 226 become wider axially away from the filtration media of the first filter element section 118.

[0187] 18, the straight section 223 has a thickness T3 that is greater than the thickness T4 of the corner portion 224. Additionally, in some, but not all, embodiments, the thickness T1 of the rib 210 at the straight portion 215 is greater than the corresponding thickness T3, while the thickness T2 of the corner portion 216 is greater than the corresponding thickness T4. The smaller thickness T4 of the corner region 224 relative to thickness T3 reduces the local axial fastening force and allows the sealing rib 219 in the corner region 224 to be sufficiently compressed to prevent dirty fluids from bypassing.

[0188] 2, upon assembly, an axially oriented primary seal is formed between first sealing rib 210 and second sealing rib 219. Outer shoulders 220, 221 axially abut outer and inner portions of outwardly facing surface 212 to provide a gasket stop and a secondary sealing function. The abutment of shoulders 220, 221 with outwardly facing surface 212 also provides increased stability to the interface between end plate 130 and end plate seal 136.

[0189] In one example, the first sealing rib 210 extends axially from the outwardly facing surface 212 a greater distance than the second sealing rib 219 recesses inwardly against the shoulders 220, 221. This allows the sealing ribs 210, 219 to axially engage before the shoulders 220, 221 engage the outwardly facing surface 212. Thus, during assembly, one or both of the sealing ribs 210, 212 compress axially before engaging between the shoulders 220, 221 and the outwardly facing surface 212. Thus, when a user fastens the end plate 130 to the first filter element section 118, a noticeable tactile feedback is generated when the end plate 130 is fully seated against the first filter element section 118, and in particular the end plate seal 136.

[0190] The triangular shape of the sealing rib 210 and the groove 144 clock the end plate 130 to the end plate seal 136 and clock the end plate 130 to the filter element section 118 .

[0191] 1 and 23, the configuration of mating seal 122 between first filter element section 118 and second filter element section 120 is the same as the configuration between end plate 130 and end plate seal 136. Sealing arrangement 122 includes a first sealing member 262 that mates with a second sealing member 263.

[0192] A first sealing member 262 is provided by first filter element segment 118 and a second sealing member 263 is provided by second filter element segment 120. First sealing member 262 has the same mating structure as that provided by end plate 130 previously described. More specifically, first sealing member 262 includes a sealing rib 264 and abutment surfaces 265, 266.

[0193] However, unlike end plate 130, which is substantially impermeable because end plate 130 closes the end of filter element 102 by closing the end of filter element section 118, first sealing member 262 is annular and has opening 267 to allow fluid to flow between the interior cavity formed by filter element section 118 and filter element section 120.

[0194] The second sealing member 263 is substantially similar to the end plate seal 136, except that the second sealing member 263 may be of different dimensions due to the frusto-conical configuration of the filter element 102. The second sealing member 263 includes a sealing rib 268, shoulders 269, 270, and a recess 271 that forms an annular groove.

[0195] The seal 122 and cooperating axial abutment ribs, shoulders and surfaces provide improved stability between the end plate 130 and the end plate seal 136, as described above.

[0196] It should be noted that although the first sealing member 262 is shown to be the male component and the second sealing member 263 is shown to be the female component, these configurations may be reversed.

[0197] The mating relationship between the first sealing member 262 and the second sealing member 263 clocks the filter element sections 118, 120 together.

[0198] The male components, e.g., end plate 130 and first sealing member 262, are typically formed from a harder material than the female components, e.g., end plate gasket 136 and second sealing member 263. This allows for more predictable deformation of the sealing device components. More specifically, the less rigid sealing ribs of the female component compress first / prior to the harder sealing ribs of the male component. In some embodiments, the sealing ribs of the female component are configured to compress approximately half their axial height when the cooperating components are properly axially engaged with one another after assembly. This better ensures that a predetermined amount of axial compression is applied to the sealing ribs of the female component.

[0199] Tactile feedback can be provided to the operator because when the sealing ribs are properly compressed, the shoulders abut against the mating surfaces of the other components, increasing the resistance to further compression of the sealing device. The shoulders thus act as gasket stops, informing the user when the proper pressure has been reached and / or inhibiting over-compression of the sealing ribs.

[0200] At the end of the second filter element section 120 opposite the second sealing member 263 is the tube sheet closure 116. The tube sheet closure 116 includes a sealing rib 275 straddled by shoulders 276, 278. The sealing rib 275 is separated from the shoulders 276, 278 by passages 279, 280. Again, similar to the sealing ribs 210, 219 above, when an appropriate amount of axial compression is applied to the tube sheet closure 116, the sealing rib 275 is sufficiently compressed such that the shoulders 276, 278 abut the tube sheet 104 and act as gasket stops to inhibit further compression, e.g., over-compression, of the sealing rib 275.

[0201] Unlike the other sealing ribs 210, 219, the sealing rib 275 projects axially outwardly beyond the ends of the shoulders 276, 278 because the cooperating sealing surfaces of the tube sheet 104 are generally flat (see, e.g., FIG. 24).

[0202] However, it is contemplated that the sealing rib 275 may be recessed and the tube sheet 104 may provide a corresponding axial protrusion. This may further facilitate clocking of the filter element 102, and particularly the tube sheet seal 116, against the tube sheet 104.

[0203] 2 and 24, the radially inwardly facing surface 281 of the tube sheet closure 116 tapers radially inwardly as it progresses axially away from the tube sheet 104. In particular, the angle α1 of the radially inwardly facing surface 281 from an axis 282 perpendicular to the tube sheet 104 is typically greater than the angle α2 of the angular relationship of the side of the filter element section 120 to the axis 282. The angle α2 corresponds to the angle of the inner surface of the panel section 228 (e.g., the inner surface of the inner mesh support or the inner surface of the filter media) to the axis 282. The axis 282 is typically parallel to the central axis of the filter element 102.

[0204] In the illustrated example, the tube sheet seals 116 and flow openings 112 are configured such that an inner edge 283 of an end 284 of the media panel 230 closest to the tube sheet 104 is spaced radially inward of a corresponding side of the opening 112, as indicated by space R1 in FIG. 2. This is true on all three sides of the filter element 102. As shown in FIG. 24, therefore, dimension D1 of the opening 112 is greater than dimension D2 defined between opposing inner edges 283 of the ends 284 of the media panel 230.

[0205] The inclusion of the tapered surface 281 provides a fairing at the exit from the internal cavity of the filter element 102. This configuration provides some static pressure recovery. A different angle of angle α1, particularly a larger magnitude of taper, improves static pressure recovery. In a preferred example, angle α1 is at least 5 degrees, but less than 30 degrees. This tapered configuration allows the flow exiting the filter element 102 to diverge before reaching the tube sheet opening 112. This also reduces the wake extent of the airflow exiting the filter element and tube sheet 104. This provides an associated reduction in the total pressure drop across the filter element 102.

[0206] This results in a filter element with lower pressure drop for a given airflow, or higher airflow for a given pressure drop, which can result in several benefits, including but not limited to the use of fewer filter elements, more efficient filter media which can result in longer life for downstream components, higher power output by downstream components (such as turbines), or longer life by allowing a greater degree of pressure drop due to increased filter loading of impurities from the air flowing through the filter media.

[0207] By reducing the pressure loss associated with the system, airflow through the filter system can be increased, thus allowing a reduction in the number of filter elements 102 required for a given airflow rate.

[0208] An inner surface 287 of the tube sheet closure 116 in the corner region has an angle α3 (see FIG. 2) that is more parallel to the axis 282 than angle α1. This angle α3 is configured to promote a snug fit engagement between the corner region of the inner surface 287 and the legs 285 of the yoke 106. This promotes proper alignment (i.e., clocking) of the filter element section 120 relative to the aperture 112. In some embodiments, the corner region forms a band or pocket that receives and wraps around the legs of the yoke 106 during assembly.

[0209] 2 and 25, the tube sheet closure 116 includes a pocket 288 in each corner that receives a yoke bolt 289. In this example, the pocket 288 receives the head of the yoke bolt 289. By capturing the head of the yoke bolt 289 within the pocket 288, the tube sheet closure 116 restrains the yoke bolt 289 from moving backwards during use.

[0210] 2 and 24, the tapered region (e.g., tapered surface 281) is provided by tube sheet sealer 116, which is integrally formed with the remainder of filter element section 120, e.g., molded directly into panel section 228 or adhesively attached directly to panel section 228.

[0211] 26 and 27, in an alternative embodiment, a tapered outlet adapter 600 may be provided.

[0212] The outlet adapter 600 has a tube sheet end 602 that is substantially identical to the outlet end of the tube sheet closure 116 previously described. Thus, the tube sheet end 602 may include one or more shoulders of sealing ribs that act as gasket stops and pockets to receive the yoke bolts 289. Furthermore, the adapter 600 may have a tapered inner surface 604. However, in this example, the adapter is a separate component from the remainder of the filter element 102. This adapter is reusable with other filter element sections.

[0213] The filter element end 610 of the adapter 600 is configured similarly to the second gasket 263 already described and is configured to mate with a sealing body of a corresponding filter element / filter element segment that is similar to the first sealing member 262 provided by the filter element / filter element segment.

[0214] In other examples, the streamlined fairing, e.g., the convergent surface 604, may be provided by a component that forms part of the tube sheet 104. For example, the adapter 600 may be incorporated into or permanently affixed to the tube sheet 104.

[0215] The adapter 600 may be molded, pressed metal, 3D printed, polymer molded, or co-molded with a metal insert.

[0216] If the adapter 600 is a separate component, the corners of the adapter 600 may be configured similarly to the corner regions of the tube sheet seal 116 to provide a snug fit arrangement with the legs 285 of the filter assembly yoke 106 .

[0217] For pleated media, the media permeability, total media area, pleat size and spacing all affect the pressure drop across the media pack and therefore the relative distribution of pressure drop between the media pack and the filter framework. For the same filter element topology but different media packs, various adapters / fairings may be supplied or attached to the filter elements with various lengths, inlet or outlet areas depending on whether lower cost, lower pressure drop, or increased media area is desired. For example, cartridge filters and adapters with deeper media packs will have the same outlet openings and therefore similar outlet pressure drops as filters with shallower media packs and may utilize the same assembly equipment within the filter system.

[0218] Although the adapter is shown for use with triangular shaped filter elements, the adapter concepts are equally applicable to filters of various shapes, including but not limited to round or square cross-section filter elements.

[0219] In addition to the outlet end of the filter element 102 having a pressure reducing feature, such as a tapered inner surface of either the sealing member 116 or the adapter 600 that cooperates with the tube sheet 104, the end plate 130 includes a pressure reducing feature. Again, reducing the pressure loss of the air flowing through the system as it relates to airflow through the system may provide one or more of the benefits noted above.

[0220] If the filter elements 102 are placed closer together to reduce the size of the filter housing, or to increase the number of filter elements within the filter housing, or both, the filter framework and components of the system may interrupt the airflow approaching the filter media, creating drag and resulting in increased pressure loss.

[0221] Thus, the end face of the end plate 130 includes fairing features on its radially outermost periphery to help reduce airflow disturbances that tend to occur at the upstream end of the filter element 102, e.g., the end away from the tube sheet 104. Flow separation from this outer periphery is reduced or eliminated, and the flow entering the passage between two adjacent filters has a lower, more uniform velocity. This reduces drag and allows for more efficient use of the airflow to pass through the filter media adjacent the end plate 130. This instead of the airflow flowing around the end plate 130 and then first contacting the filter media at a location closer to the tube sheet 104, away from the end plate 130. This increases the amount of usable surface area of ​​the filter element 102, thereby reducing the pressure drop across the filter element 102 and extending the useful life of the filter element 102.

[0222] 2 and 3, in one example, the fairing of the end plate 130 is a curved profile incorporated into the outer periphery of the end plate 130, such as the adjacent arrow 650 shown. In the example shown, the curved profile 650 is effected by a semicircle, but may take other shapes, such as a quarter circle curved profile. In this example, the radially outer portion of the semicircle may be the only functional portion of the semicircle profile. The curved profile may not have a constant radius of curvature. Additionally, the curved profile may be a 180 degree (half circle) profile or a 90 degree (quarter circle) profile, as discussed above.

[0223] In a preferred example, the radius of curvature R2 of the curved contour 650 is at least 25% of the shortest distance between the edge of the endplate and the center of mass of the endplate, and more preferably at least 30% of this distance. The larger the radius of curvature R2, the less disturbance is caused to the airflow as it flows around the curved contour 650 of the endplate 130 by providing a smaller rate of change in the flow direction.

[0224] The center of mass may or may not pass through the center of the assembly opening through the end plate.

[0225] The curved contour 650 preferably extends radially outward to an uppermost outer edge 652 of the panel section 228 and extends radially inward, as indicated by a radial dimension R3 that is at least 25% of the shortest distance between the edge of the end plate 130 and the center of mass of the end plate 130, and more preferably at least 30% of this distance.

[0226] Also, the radius of curvature R2 of curved contour 650 is preferably at least 12%, and ideally 25%, of the distance between the outermost edge of endplate 130 and the parallel edge of the endplate on the next adjacent filter.

[0227] Also, preferably, the curved contour 650 is at least a quarter circle, so that the curved surface extends at least 90 degrees when the curved surface has a constant radius of curvature.

[0228] In some examples, the axial height H1 of the curved contour 650 is at least 25% of the thickness T5, and more preferably at least 50% of the thickness T5.

[0229] 2-4 , or may be formed by an end plate that is permanently attached to the filter element 102, such as by being adhesively attached or molded to the remainder of the filter element 102. In the illustrated example, the curved contour 650 and the associated fairing provided by the curved contour 650 are formed by the outer shell 138 of the end plate 130.

[0230] The curved contours can result from fabricated components, stamped metal parts, 3D printed parts, polymer molded parts, and components co-molded with metal inserts.

[0231] The inlet fairing may have notches or recesses to facilitate assembly and securing of the filter within the retaining frame or to the yoke 106. If the fairing is a separate, reusable component, the fairing may include seals or gaskets on the mating surfaces.

[0232] 2-5, a compression member 150, shown in the form of a washer, is inserted between the handle 108 and the end plate 130. In this example, the compression member 150 is inserted between the end plate 130 (specifically, the inner plate 140) and the screw shank 134 of the assembly yoke 106.

[0233] The compression member 150 in this example provides a first function of sealing the end plate 130 against the screw shank 134 of the assembly yoke 106 to prevent contaminating fluids from bypassing through the end plate opening 132. More specifically, the compression member 150 includes a sealing area 152, which may be referred to or provided as an individual seal. With further reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, the sealing area 152 is a helical wiper seal on the inner diameter of a hole 154, also referred to as the compression member opening through the compression member 150. The helical wiper seal is sized and configured to mate with the male threads 156 of the screw shank 134. Thus, the sealing area 152 is generally a threaded structure having several threads that mate with and are similar to the threads 156 of the screw shank 134.

[0234] In one example, the helical wiper seal (e.g., the threads of compression member 150) may be sized smaller than a typical mating thread that would otherwise mate with threads 156 to facilitate an improved seal between sealing region 152 and screw shank 134. In one example, the helical wiper seal engages with the inner diameter of the threads of screw shank 134 but is sized to have an increased outer diameter, thereby increasing compliance and allowing the helical wiper seal to flex and not shear as screw shank 134 passes through the inner diameter of bore 154.

[0235] In other examples, the inner diameter of the sealing region 152 may be sized such that the sealing region 152 simply deforms within the threads 156 to achieve a seal with the shank 134 .

[0236] In addition to sealing to the screw shank 134, the compression member 150 seals to the end plate 130. In this embodiment, the seal provided between the compression member 150 and the end plate 130 may be both an axial seal of the compression member 150 pressing against an outer surface 158 of the inner plate 140, and a radial seal between the portion of the inner plate 140 that forms the end plate opening 132 and an alignment projection 160 of the compression member 150 that extends through the end plate opening 132 (see, e.g., FIGS. 3 and 7 ).

[0237] In addition to the sealing function, the axial load is transferred from the handle 108 through the compression members 150 to the end plates 130 to secure the filter element 102 to the tube sheets 104 with good sealing engagement between the tube sheet seals 116 and the tube sheets 104 .

[0238] In one example, the compression member 150 is configured to provide torque identification and / or limiting to identify when a sufficient load is applied to the filter element 102 through the handle 108 and / or to prevent overloading the filter element 102 due to excessive torque being applied to the handle 108.

[0239] More specifically, the compression member 150 includes a compression region 162. The handle 108, and in particular the axial pressure region 164 of the handle 108, compresses the compression region 162 when the handle 108 is rotated to fasten the handle 108 against the filter element 102.

[0240] In one example, a desired amount of axial load is used to press the tube sheet sealer 116 against a corresponding sealing surface of the tube sheet 104 (see, e.g., FIG. 2). Over-tightening the handle 108 can over-compress the tube sheet sealer 116, leading to possible failure of the tube sheet sealer 116 or other components of the filter element 102. Under-tightening can result in improper seating of the filter element and allow for leak paths.

[0241] However, because the tube sheet seals 116 are not visible due to the size of the filter element 102 and its configuration on the tube sheet 104 during assembly of the filter element, the compression members 150 may provide a cue as to the moment when the desired load has been applied by the handle 108. Other cues are outlined below.

[0242] The compression region 162 is configured to compress when a desired load is applied to the compression member 150 by the handle 108. Thus, a user may visually observe compression of the compression member 150, such as at the compression region 162, to determine when a sufficient axial load has been applied.

[0243] In one example, the tube sheet sealer 116 has a first minimum axial load necessary to provide a desired seal to the tube sheet 104. The compression region 162 begins to compress under a second minimum axial load that is greater than the first minimum axial load. Thus, the compression region 162 does not begin to compress, at least in a significant manner (e.g., less than 20%) until a sufficient load is applied to the tube sheet sealer 116. Thus, if a user does not see evidence of compression of the compression member 150, such as in the compression region 162, the user knows that not enough force is being applied to the filter element, and in particular the tube sheet sealer 116.

[0244] In one example, the tube sheet sealer 116 is configured (e.g., size, shape, material properties, etc.) such that the tube sheet sealer 116 deforms upon a load less than the second minimum axial load such that the compression region 162 deforms before the load provided by the handle 108.

[0245] In some examples, the tube sheet sealer 116 is formed from a material that is softer than the material used to form the compression member 150, and in particular the compression region 162 of the compression member 150. For example, the durometer of the compression region 162 may be greater than the durometer of the tube sheet sealer 116.

[0246] In the illustrated example, a first washer member 166 and a second washer member 168 are attached to the compression member 150. The first washer member 166 is disposed radially inward of the second washer member 168. In this example, the first washer member 166 and the second washer member 168 are separate members formed from separate bodies of material such that the two components are not formed into a single continuous piece of material. The washer members 166, 168 may be formed from a metal such as steel or aluminum, or a plastic that is preferably harder than the material of the compression member 150.

[0247] The first washer member 166 is aligned with the compression region 162. Thus, the first washer member 166 and the compression region 162 have a similar radial spacing from a central axis 172 of the bore 154, which also coincides with the central axis of the screw shank 134.

[0248] The handle 108, and in particular the axial pressure region 164, presses axially and slides angularly against an outer surface 170 of the first washer member 166 when the handle 108 is tightened to secure the filter element 102 to the tube sheet 104, applying a load to the compression region 162 and compression member 150.

[0249] 4 to 5 illustrates the compression of compression region 162 as handle 108 is rotated to tighten filter element 102. As shown in FIG. 4, compression member 150 and compression region 162 are in an undeformed state and the handle presses axially against outer surface 170 of first washer member 166.

[0250] As the user rotates the handle 108 to tighten the assembly, the compression member 150 and its compression region 162 compress and deform. This is shown in FIG. 5. Notably, during this process, the first washer member 166 is displaced axially relative to the second washer member 168. This provides an initial visual indication that the desired amount of axial load is being approached. Additionally, in some embodiments, the compression region 162 is configured such that at the onset of axial displacement of the compression region, torque feedback to the installer should also increase.

[0251] The second washer member 168 functions to prevent over-tightening of the handle 108 and to prevent excessive loading on the filter element 102, and in particular, any of the seals within the filter element 102, and more particularly, the tube sheet seals 116.

[0252] The second washer member 168 defines a plurality of first angled catches 174 that are radially offset from the center of the end plate opening 132 (e.g., offset from the axis 172). The angled catches 174 define an abutment that engages the handle 108 upon application of a sufficient load to inhibit rotational movement of the handle 108.

[0253] The handle 108 includes a plurality of second angled catches 176 that angularly abut the first angled catch 174 to prevent continued angular rotation of the handle 108. The second angled catches 176 are axially offset from the axial pressure area 164 of the handle 108. Thus, as shown in FIG. 4, when the handle 108 initially abuts the top surface 170 of the first washer member 166, the second angled catch 176 is axially offset from the first angled catch 174 such that the catches 174, 176 do not abut or inhibit angular rotation of the handle 108.

[0254] Other axially offset orientations are contemplated. For example, the washer members 166, 168 may be axially offset rather than the axial pressure region 164 and the second angled catch 176. Alternatively, both the washer members 166, 168 and the axial pressure region 164 and the second angled catch 176 may be axially offset.

[0255] As the load increases due to increased fastening of the handle 108, the compression region 162 compresses independently of or at a greater rate than the portion of the compression member 150 adjacent the second washer member 168. Thus, the axial spacing / offset between the first angled catch 174 and the second angled catch 176 decreases as the load increases. When a desired amount of load is present, the compression region 162 may compress sufficiently such that the first angled catch 174 and the second angled catch 176 abut when angularly aligned. In this condition, continued rotation is inhibited.

[0256] 11 and 12, compression member 150 may have a shape change, such as in the form of a groove 165, between compression region 162 and region 163 (the radially outer region in this example) to support second washer member 168 and help isolate compression of compression region 162 from acting on second washer member 168.

[0257] Groove 165 separates compressed region 162 from region 163 to prevent or reduce shear forces between compressed region 162 and region 163 that may cause undesired compression of region 163 and axial displacement of second washer member 168. Alternatively, groove 165 may decouple (e.g., peel) second outer washer member 168 from compression member 150. Figure 11 shows compressed region 162 in an uncompressed state, and Figure 12 shows compressed region 162 in a compressed state.

[0258] In particular, a desired amount of loading may occur when the second angled catch 176 is angularly offset from the first angled catch, for example, angularly located between adjacent first angled catches 174. In this situation, the user rotates the handle 108 while the bottom of the angled catch 174 slides over the top surface 178 of the second washer member 168 until the first angled catch 174 and the second angled catch 176 abut. In this example, when properly aligned, the projections 180 that define the first angled catch 174 and the second angled catch 176 drop into lobes 182 or recesses formed in the second washer member 168 that form the first angled catch 174. This action allows the opposing catches 174, 176 to abut and inhibit further rotation allowing continued fastening of the handle 108. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view through second washer member 168 and handle 108 when sufficient load is generated to allow first angled catch 174 and second angled catch 176 to abut and allow protrusion 180 to drop into lobe 182.

[0259] During this process, torque feedback to the installer increases as the bottom of catch 174 slides on the top surface 178 of second washer member 168. The compression area continues to compress while handle 108 is still rotating relative to compression member 150. As angled catch 174 drops into lobe 180, some of the compression is released, providing noticeable feedback to the installer as the axial engagement between catch 174 and catch 176 increases.

[0260] Dropping the handle 108 into the lobe 182 may also provide tactile feedback to the operator that the proper load of the handle 108 against the filter element has been reached.

[0261] It should be noted that in this embodiment, compression member 150, and particularly portion 160, has a triangular cross-section that corresponds to the triangular cross-section of end plate 130, such that compression member 150, and attached second washer member 168, are clocked at an angle relative to end plate 130.

[0262] 9, the face of the projection 180 opposite the second angled catch 176 provides a tapered surface 181 that may assist in axially lifting the projection 180 from the lobe 182 when loosening the handle 108. The angle α of the tapered surface 181 may be sufficient to prevent premature loosening of the handle 108, such as due to vibration, but not require a user to use tools to loosen the handle 108.

[0263] Here, the load applied by the handle 108 is slightly greater than the minimum desired load. In this example, by using three first angled catches 174 and three second angled catches 176, each of the catches are evenly angularly spaced apart (e.g., 120 degrees apart), the amount of over-tightening after the desired load is reached is kept at an acceptable minimum.

[0264] The action of the projection 180 dropping into the lobe 182 of the second washer provides a further cue that the handle 108 has applied the appropriate level of load.

[0265] In particular, FIG. 13 shows a handle 308 having only two levers 386 .

[0266] 14 and 15, the coupler 388 in this design has an elliptical cross-sectional shape. The compression member 350, and particularly the second washer member 368, has an opening 371 with a corresponding elliptical shape. When a desired load is applied to sufficiently compress the compression area 362 and the corresponding elliptical shape is aligned, the coupler 388 can be dropped into the elliptical opening defined by the second washer member 368, providing a visual and tactile cue that the handle 308 is properly fastened.

[0267] In other examples, the filter element 102 may include one or more identifiers thereon that determine when a desired load has been applied. For example, as shown in FIGURE 1, the end plate 130, and in particular its shell 138, includes an identifier in the form of a triangle provided on the exterior surface of the shell 138. As shown in FIGURE 1, the lever of the handle 108 aligns with the triangle, providing a quick and easy visual cue that the handle 108 is properly fastened.

[0268] Furthermore, the non-circular shape of the filter element or its components, such as end plates 130, may provide a visual cue. In Figure 2, with the assembled filter element 102, it is clear that each lever of the handle extends towards a corner of the triangular shape of the filter element 102. This again provides a visual cue for quick and easy inspection to determine if the desired load has been reached.

[0269] In addition to and / or contrary to determining when the desired load has been reached, these visual cues may, at a minimum, indicate that the handle 108 has moved from its desired orientation. For example, if the handle 108 is known to have been initially fastened to a desired load, then if the handle 108 is not in the proper orientation relative to the visual identifiers / cues, the operator will immediately know that they need to verify the fastening of that particular filter element 102 / handle 108.

[0270] In this example, the rotation limiting feature provided by the second washer member 168 may be provided by the first end plate 130 or other components of the filter element 102 .

[0271] In this example, the second washer member 168 is angularly secured to the compression member 150, which is angularly secured to the first end plate 130, which is angularly secured to the filter element sections 118, 120, which are angularly secured to the assembly yoke 106. Thus, over-rotation of the handle 108 is not caused by rotation of the filter element 102, and excessive loading of the sealing elements within the system is not achieved.

[0272] As noted above, compression member 150 and first angled catch 174 are removable and reusable in this example. In other embodiments, compression member 150 and / or first angled catch 174 are permanently attached to end plate 130 and / or the remainder of filter element 102. End plate 130 may be a permanent or reusable component of filter element 102.

[0273] Additionally, the angled catch can be provided by other shaped structures or can be reversed, so that a protrusion is provided by the first element and a lobe or recess is provided by the handle. Other shapes such as apertures and pins can be used.

[0274] In addition to the features described above, the handle 108 is configured for quick attachment and release of the assembly yoke 106 from the screw shank 134. The handle 108 includes a number of levers 186 attached to couplers 188. In this example, the handle 108 is one unitary piece, with the levers 186 and couplers 188 formed from a continuous piece of material.

[0275] In some configurations, the lever(s) 186 and the coupler 188 are separate components that rotationally engage one another. In such configurations, after the lever 186 is used to fasten the coupler 188 to secure a filter element section to the yoke 106, the lever 186 may be used to secure an additional coupler 188 to another yoke 106 to secure another filter element section. Thus, a single lever component is needed for use with multiple couplers 188 throughout the system.

[0276] 16 and 17 show coupler 588 without a lever that secures filter element 502. In other words, the coupler and lever are not a single continuous component. In this example, coupler 588 has an outer periphery configured to be engaged by a tool that applies torque to coupler 588. In this example, the outer periphery of coupler 588 is similar to a hex nut. Thus, a lever is provided that is configured to rotationally engage coupler 588, although a lever is not shown.

[0277] In this example, coupler 588 has an elliptical perimeter and compression member 550 has an elliptical cavity that cooperates with the coupler's elliptical perimeter as described above in the example of Figures 13-15.

[0278] Returning to the previous example, the coupler 188 defines a threaded bore 190 extending axially through a body 191 of the coupler 188. The threads 192 of the threaded bore define a threaded bore axis 194 that is generally perpendicular to the axial pressure region 164 that applies pressure to the compression member 150 when securing the filter element 102 to the tube sheet 104. When the handle 108 is fastened onto the threaded shank 134, the threaded bore axis 194 is coincident with the central axis 172. This is shown in Figures 4 and 5.

[0279] In this example, the clearance hole 196 intersects the threaded hole 190. The clearance hole 196 defines a clearance hole axis 198 that extends at a non-parallel angle to the threaded hole axis 194. The clearance hole 196 is sized and configured such that the threads 192 of the threaded hole 190 do not engage the threads 156 of the shank 134 when the clearance hole axis 198 is aligned with the central axis 172. This is shown in FIG. 3. In this orientation, the handle can slide axially along the threaded shank 134 without being limited by resistance, as represented by arrow 200, and without the user having to rotate the handle 108 about the axis 172. This prevents the user from having to perform a traditional nut tightening, which can be time consuming.

[0280] In some examples, the angle between axis 198 and axis 194 is between 10 and 20 degrees, preferably between 11 and 17.5 degrees.

[0281] Thus, before fastening the handle or after sufficiently loosening the handle 108, the user may quickly assemble or remove the handle 108.

[0282] As shown in FIG. 3, when assembling the handle 108, the user aligns the clearance hole 196 with the threaded shank 134 and slides the handle 108 along the shank 134 until the handle 108 abuts the first washer member 166. Once in this position, as shown in FIG. 4, the user manipulates the handle 108 to pivot the handle 108 so that the threaded shank 134 aligns with the threaded hole 190 and the threads 192 engage the threads 156. The user may then rotate the handle 108 about the axis 172 to fasten the handle 108 to the filter element 102. In particular, when the handle 108 is fastened to the filter element, the axial pressure region 164 may engage the top surface 170 of the first washer member 166 and prevent the handle 108 from pivoting back to an orientation in which the clearance hole 196 is aligned with the threaded shank 134 (e.g., the axis 198 is aligned with the axis 172). Only after the user has rotated the handle 108 to loosen it may the handle be pivoted to the orientation of FIG. 3 and quickly slid off the shank 134 .

[0283] In a preferred configuration, the lead angle of threads 156 and 192 allows the handle 108 to move axially quickly along the threaded shank 134 such that limited angular rotation of the handle 108 is required to fasten the handle 108 to the filter element 102. This reduces the likelihood that the handle 108 will pivot back to the orientation of FIG. 3 before sufficient force is exerted between the axial pressure region 164 and the compression member 150 to maintain the handle 108 in the orientation of FIG. 4. In one example, only 2.5 rotations of the handle 108 are required to reach the desired axial load on the filter element 102.

[0284] However, in some embodiments, knurling or texturing may be provided to surface 170 to further prevent handle 108 from moving back or to prevent handle 108 from pivoting to the orientation of FIG.

[0285] In one example, this results in approximately 13 mm of movement of the handle 108 along the shank 134 .

[0286] This same thread pattern is used with the helical wiper seal described above.

[0287] Additionally, proprietary thread pitches may be provided.

[0288] In one example, the threads of the screw shank 134 are m12×2.5 mm, 5 mm lead, and 7.55 degree lead angle. The threads are based on an ISO 529 V-thread profile. The inside diameter of the male threads is 9.853 mm. The outside diameter of the male threads is 12.49 mm. The inside diameter of the female threads is 10.106 and the outside diameter of the female threads is 12.812 for the handle 108, nut 202 described below, and the helical wiper seal described above. The threads of the screw shank 134 may be custom threaded to aid in rapid compression of the filter gasket. Proprietary threads may further facilitate accurate assembly of the filter element into the system. However, use of standard thread configurations is also contemplated.

[0289] The over-fastening feature and the quick assembly / release feature of the above described configurations may be used together or independently of one another.

[0290] 1 and 2, in the illustrated example, the screw shank 134 is provided by a carriage bolt 201 that is assembled to a yoke in the form of a tripod 204. The tripod 204 is assembled to the tube sheet 104 and the carriage bolt 201 is assembled to the free end of the tripod 204. In other embodiments, the screw shank may be a rod that is attached directly to the tube sheet. The use of the carriage bolt 201 allows the carriage bolt 201 to be clocked relative to the tripod 204 so that the carriage bolt 201 does not rotate when the user is trying to fasten the handle 108.

[0291] In some examples, a proprietary nut 202 may be used to secure the carriage bolt 201 to the tripod 204. The proprietary nut 202 has an outer periphery that requires a keyed tool to tighten the nut 202 onto the carriage bolt 201. When the nut is torqued to up to 50 Nm, the only way it can be removed is by breaking it. This prevents a third party from using a different handle with a different thread pitch compared to the proprietary thread pitch used with the shank 134 described above.

[0292] Although the above system has been described with a quick assembly coupler 188, other systems may incorporate other benefits of the example, while simply using special nuts that do not incorporate the clearance holes of the coupler described above.

[0293] In some instances, it is contemplated that the entire coupler, lever, or handle may be permanently attached to the filter. For example, the coupler may be captured by the end plate 130 such that the coupler may rotate relative to the end plate but cannot be removed from the end plate 130.

[0294] FIG. 28 is an alternative view of the system 100, showing more filter elements 102. In FIG. 28, the system 100 has the filter elements 102 in a cantilever orientation relative to the tube sheet 104. The tube sheet 104 is oriented approximately vertically and parallel to gravity, shown as arrow 760. If the yoke of the system 100 were centered through the end plate 130 associated with the corresponding filter element 102, the force profile on the filter element 102 due to the cantilever orientation may cause sealing problems of the filter element 102 against the outer surface of the tube sheet 104. The triangular cross-sectional shape of the filter element 102 and the orientation as shown may further exacerbate the sealing problems because the sealing pressure at the vertical lower portion of the triangular seal may be different from the sealing pressure at the vertical upper portion of the triangular seal. This sealing problem is due to gravity not being parallel to the clamping force that secures the filter element 102 to the tube sheet 104.

[0295] 29 shows an end view of a portion of a further system 700 that attempts to compensate for sealing pressure imbalances and provide more uniform sealing pressures to the various seals in the system, particularly the tube sheet seals 116 of the filter element 102. Although only two filter elements are provided, this system 700 may incorporate any number of elements, as many as, fewer than, or more than system 100. To compensate for forces caused by gravity, the assembly yoke 706 is configured such that the center of a shank 734 of the assembly yoke 706 is offset from the center of an end plate 730 that secures the filter element 102 to the tube sheet 104.

[0296] Additionally, the center of the shank 734 is offset from the center of the filter element 102 .

[0297] 30 and 31, an alternative assembly yoke 706 is shown with the filter element 102 and end plate 730 removed. The shank 734 moves toward the top corner 727A of the tube sheet opening 112 along an axis 725A, which extends generally through the center 726 of the tube sheet opening 112 and the top corner 727A of the tube sheet opening 112. In some examples, the axis 725A bisects the corner 727A and passes through the center 726. As the axis 725A bisects the corner 727A and passes through the center 726, the shank 734 moves both vertically upward and horizontally relative to the center 726. In this example, the shank 734 moves toward the vertically oriented side 729A of the tube sheet opening 112.

[0298] In this example, the mounting yoke 706 includes three legs 785A, 785B, and 785C. The shank 734 moves horizontally away from the mounting location 731B of leg 785B and moves horizontally toward the mounting locations 731A, 731C of legs 785A and 785C. Additionally, the shank 734 moves vertically upward toward the mounting location 731A of leg 785A and moves vertically away from the mounting locations 731B and 731C of legs 785B and 785C.

[0299] In particular, center 726 is typically coaxial about an axis perpendicular to tube sheet 104, with the center of a circle defined by assembly locations 731A, 731B, 731C of legs 785A, 785B, 785C. Thus, center 726 may be used for any configuration of center.

[0300] When a user assembles the filter element 102 to the assembly yoke 706, the top leg 785A becomes the tension leg, the bottom leg 785C is the compression leg, and the vertical middle leg 785B is the neutral leg. Leg 785A is considered the tension leg because it acts in tension during service before fastening the filter element 102 to the tube sheet 104 while the filter element rests vertically on the assembly yoke 706 due to gravity. The bottom leg 785C is considered the compression leg because it is loaded in compression due to gravity during service before fastening the filter element 102 to the tube sheet. The middle leg 785B is referred to as the neutral leg because it generally provides lateral stability for the tension leg 785A and the compression leg 785C.

[0301] This off-center location of the assembly shank 734 and the associated configuration of the legs 785A, 785B, 785C redistributes the uneven gasket compression forces applied to the tube sheet closure 116 and shifts some of the load that would otherwise be applied due to the cantilevered configuration (e.g., associated with gravity) adjacent the bottom corner 727C (e.g., adjacent assembly location 731C) upward toward the top corner 727A (e.g., adjacent assembly location 731A).

[0302] In this example, each leg 785A, 785B, 785C has its own profile that provides load redistribution and an off-center location on the assembly shank 734. However, the legs are generally designed to mate with inner corners of the tube sheet sealers 116, as described above in connection with the assembly yoke 106, to provide clocking and proper seating of the filter element 102. Thus, each leg 785A, 785B, 785C, when beginning at the opposite end of the assembly shank 734, begins with a generally straight segment 733A, 733B, 733C.

[0303] Leg 785A has a bend 735A that is flat in a plane perpendicular to the tube sheet 104 and includes an axis 725A. This bend 735A allows the straight section 733A of leg 785A to extend outwardly from the tube sheet 104 in a more horizontal orientation (i.e., perpendicular to the tube sheet 104) than if leg 785A were straight between the flattened tip 737 and the tube sheet 104. The horizontal orientation of leg 785A improves stability and, when multiple filter element segments are used, helps guide and position the next assembled filter element segment when assembling the complete filter element.

[0304] The leg 785B has a more complex shape and has a first bend 735B, a second bend 735C, and a third bend 735D. The first bend 735B has a smaller radius than the second bend 735C and the third bend 735D. The first bend 735B is flat in that it lies in a plane defined by an axis 725B perpendicular to the tube sheet 104. The second bend 735C and the third bend 735D are non-flat and bend out of the plane defined by the axis 725B perpendicular to the tube sheet 104. These non-flat bends 735C, 735D are best seen in FIG. 30. Generally, the non-flat bends 735C, 735D in the leg 785B compensate for vertical displacement of the assembly shank 734.

[0305] Leg 785C generally mirrors leg 785B and has a first bend 735E, a second bend 735F, and a third leg 735G. The first bend 735B is flat in that it lies in a plane defined by an axis 725C perpendicular to the tube sheet 104. The second bend 735F and the third bend 735G are non-flat and bend out of the plane defined by the axis 725C perpendicular to the tube sheet 104. These non-flat bends 735F, 735G are best seen in FIG.

[0306] Preferably, the flattened tip 737 of leg 785A is the outermost tip and terminates on the other leg tips to maximize the stiffness of the assembly yoke 706 and better handle gravity loads. Preferably, all of the flattened tips are approximately parallel to each other and to the tube sheet 104, and the assembly shank 734 extends perpendicular to the flattened tips and the tube sheet 104.

[0307] 31, the length of straight segment 733A of leg 785A is longer than straight segments 733B, 733C. In a preferred embodiment, the length of straight segments 733A, 733B, 733C is such that straight segments 733A, 733B, 733C extend into the outermost filter element segment, e.g., filter element segment 118, and straight segments 733A, 733B, 733C mate with the innermost ends of the segments to provide proper clocking and location of the filter element segments by engaging the corners of any sealing components. However, this is not necessary in all instances.

[0308] Figure 32 shows the corresponding end plate 730, and Figure 33 shows the inner plate 732 of end plate 730. Figures 32 and 33 show that in addition to the assembly shank 734 of the assembly yoke 706 being offset toward the assembly location 733A of the leg 785A, the end plate opening 732 is similarly offset along an axis 725A toward the corresponding corner 745A of the end plate 730 and the inner plate 740 of the end plate 730. The axis 725A is approximately perpendicular to the opposite side of the corner 745A and generally bisects the corner 745A.

[0309] In one example, end plate 730 is reusable and filter element 102 is the same as that used in system 100, where end plate 730 allows for the use of the same filter element 102 in every configuration. In other embodiments, end plate 730 may be formed as an integral component with the remainder of the filter element or with one filter element section if the filter element is formed from multiple sections.

[0310] In a preferred embodiment, the straight sections 733A, 733B, 733C and tube sheet closure 116 are configured to mate with the straight sections 733A, 733B, 733C of the legs 785A, 785B, 785C at the inner periphery of the tube sheet closure 116, particularly the corners of the tube sheet closure 116. Again, this is done to improve fit stability and helps center the filter about the tube sheet opening 112.

[0311] By redistributing the load to provide a more uniform sealing pressure, all portions of the tube sheet closure 116 that the legs 785A, 785B, 785C compress more evenly at the same time, and similarly all portions of the tube sheet closure 116 that engage the tube sheet 104 compress more evenly at the same time. This uniform compression of the tube sheet closure 116 reduces the torque required to achieve sufficient tube sheet closure 116 compression. This uniform compression reduces or prevents over-compression of some portions of the tube sheet closure 116, under-compression of portions of the tube sheet closure 116, or a combination of both over-compression and under-compression of portions of the tube sheet closure 116.

[0312] When the assembly shank 734 is misaligned, the tension in the legs 785A, 785B, 785C that occurs when fastening the filter element 102 to the tube sheet 104 becomes non-uniform. Instead, a greater portion of the tension acts through the top leg 785A. This is due, in part, to the straighter profile of leg 785A. Combined with this configuration, the force reacting through the end plate 730 is transmitted along the axis of the filter element 102, but is misaligned upward toward the upper portion of the tube sheet seal 116 (and other seals). This redistribution of the load through the filter element 102 results in a more uniform compression of all seals.

[0313] All references cited in this specification, including publications, patent applications, and patents, are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference was individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and set forth in its entirety herein.

[0314] In the context of describing the present invention (particularly in the context of the claims that follow), the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents should be construed to include both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise specified by the context or clearly negated. The terms "comprising," "having," "including," and "containing" should be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning "including, but not limited to"), unless otherwise stated. The recitation of ranges of values ​​herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of individually referring to each separate value falling within that range, unless otherwise specified herein, and each separate value is incorporated herein as if each separate value were individually recited herein. The term "at least one of A and B" shall be understood to mean "A only, B only, or both A and B."

[0315] All methods described herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise specified or expressly denied by the context herein. The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (e.g., "etc.") provided herein is intended to provide a better understanding only and does not create a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. Language in this specification should be construed to indicate any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.

[0316] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention. Variations of these preferred embodiments will become apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The inventors anticipate that such variations will be adopted by those of skill in the art, and the inventors intend for the invention to be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, all combinations of the above-described elements in all possible variations of the invention are encompassed by the invention unless otherwise indicated by the context or expressly denied herein.

Claims

1. A filter element, the filter element comprising: a filter media tube extending axially between a first end and a second end and defining a central cavity, the filter media tube being frusto-conical and having a radial dimension increasing moving along a central axis from the second end toward the first end, the filter media tube extending at a first angle relative to the central axis, and a filter media of the filter media tube having a radially innermost edge at the first end; a sealing member attached to a first end of the filter tube; the sealing member having a radially inwardly tapered inner surface, the tapered inner surface extending at a second angle relative to the central axis; The first angle is more parallel to the central axis than the second angle.

2. the sealing member is annular, The sealing member is an annular sealing rib extending axially outwardly away from the filter media tube; a first annular abutment shoulder axially outwardly extending away from said filter media tube; 2. The filter element of claim 1, wherein said first annular abutment shoulder is radially spaced from said annular sealing rib and defines a first passage therebetween.

3. the sealing member includes a second annular abutment shoulder axially outwardly extending away from the filter media tube; the second annular abutment shoulder is radially spaced from the annular sealing rib and defines a second passage therebetween; The filter element of claim 2 , wherein the annular sealing rib is radially disposed between the first annular abutment shoulder and the second annular abutment shoulder.

4. the filter media tube has a generally polygonal cross-sectional shape in a plane perpendicular to a central axis extending between the first end and the second end; The filter element of claim 2 , wherein the annular sealing rib includes a plurality of straight sides connected by corner regions, the radial thickness of the straight sides being greater than the radial thickness of the corner regions.

5. the sealing member includes a second annular abutment shoulder axially outwardly extending away from the filter media tube, the second annular abutment shoulder radially spaced from the annular sealing rib and defining a first passage therebetween; an axially outermost end of the annular sealing rib is spaced axially outwardly away from the filtration media tube a distance greater than an axially outermost end of the first annular abutment shoulder; 3. The filter element of claim 2, wherein the axially outermost end of the annular sealing rib is spaced axially outwardly away from the filter media tube a greater distance than the axially outermost end of the second annular abutment shoulder.

6. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the first angle and the second angle are less than 90 degrees.

7. 2. The filter element of claim 1, wherein an axially outermost extent of the tapered inner surface of the sealing member is spaced axially furthest from the first end of the filter media tube and is disposed radially outward of the innermost edge at the first end.

8. The cross-sectional shape of the filter tube and the first sealing member is substantially polygonal, the polygonal shape of the sealing member defines a plurality of straight sides interconnected by a plurality of corner regions; The filter element of claim 7 , wherein the second angle is measured within a portion of the polygonal shape of the sealing member defined by straight sides.

9. an angled portion of the radially inward surface of the sealing member extends at a third angle relative to the central axis; The filter element of claim 8 , wherein the third angle is more parallel to the central axis than the second angle.

10. 1. A filter system, comprising: a tube sheet defining a flow opening therethrough; a filter element assembled to the tube sheet; The filter element comprises: a filter media tube defining a central cavity, the filter media tube extending along a central axis between a first end and a second end, the first end adjacent the tube sheet; a first sealing member attached to the first end of the filter tube; the first sealing member is annular and defines a flow opening in fluid communication with the central cavity, the first sealing member including a radially inward facing surface that tapers at a first angle relative to a central axis of the filter media tube such that the radially inward facing surface moves further away from the central axis upon progressing axially away from the filter media tube.

11. the filter media tube is frusto-conical and tapers at a second angle relative to the central axis such that an outer periphery of the filter media tube increases in radial dimension moving from the second end toward the first end; The filter system of claim 10 , wherein the second angle is more parallel to the central axis than the first angle.

12. the first end of the filter media tube defines an inner edge; The filter system of claim 10 , wherein the inner edge is spaced radially inward of an outer periphery of the flow openings through the tube sheet.

13. the filter media tube has a plurality of first sides and the flow openings through the tube sheet have a plurality of second sides, the plurality of first sides and the plurality of second sides have an equal number of sides, and corresponding sides of the first sides and the second sides are parallel; the inner edge of the filter media tube extends along at least the first sides; The filter system of claim 12 , wherein the perimeter of the flow openings through the tube sheet extends at least partially along the plurality of second sides.

14. the radially inward surface has a first surface edge axially spaced from the filter media tube; 13. The filter system of claim 12, wherein the first surface edge is radially spaced between the inner edge of the filter media tube and the outer periphery of the flow opening.

15. 15. The filter system of claim 14, wherein the radially inward surface has a second surface edge, the second surface edge being closer to the second end of the filter media tube than the first surface edge, and the second surface edge being spaced radially inward of the first surface edge.

16. 15. The filter system of claim 14, wherein the first sealing member has an axially oriented abutment shoulder, the axially oriented abutment shoulder being directed away from the filter media tube, and the first surface edge is formed at an intersection between the axially oriented abutment shoulder and the radially inward surface.

17. 17. The filter system of claim 16, wherein the axially oriented abutment shoulder abuts the tube sheet when the filter element is assembled to the tube sheet.

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