Hair color composition for reducing color fade

Abstract

A hair coloring composition for reducing fading and wash-off is disclosed. The composition comprises at least one hair coloring agent and at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized. Permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary hair coloring compositions can be formulated according to the techniques of the present disclosure.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present technology relates to hair color compositions for protecting dyed hair from fading or washing off. More specifically, the technology relates to the use of structured polymers in hair color compositions for protecting dyed hair color against repeated shampooing treatments. In one aspect, the structured polymer comprises a polyurethane backbone having one or more tethered amino groups laterally attached to the polyurethane backbone, the amino groups being tethered away (spaced apart) from the polymer backbone by at least two intervening atoms. [Background technology]

[0002] Hair coloring has become more and more popular in recent years. However, fading of artificial hair color has become a common problem and is a frequent complaint by consumers. Fading can occur as color washes off during shampoo washing procedures, or can be caused by environmental conditions, such as exposure to UV radiation. The washing process is the most important factor in hair color removal, while UV exposure only has a noticeable effect after 90 hours of intense irradiation. S. Marchioretto, "The Use of Silicones as a Color Lock Aid in Rinse-Off Hair Conditioners", J. of Cosmetic Science, 2003 Annual Scientific Meeting, pp. 130-131. Furthermore, surfactants present in shampoo formulations provide a wetting function that brings moisture to the hair shaft, thereby facilitating the removal of dye molecules that will be released during the water rinsing process.

[0003] Maintaining vibrant hair color and minimizing hair color fading is highly desirable in the hair care market. Hair dyes are most often used when individuals age and want to hide gray hair that occurs as a result of aging. The color fastness of dyes can vary widely. There are three general types of hair color: permanent, demi-permanent, semi-permanent, or temporary. The term "permanent" generally refers to oxidative hair color that imparts color while bleaching the melanin found in the hair shaft. In this process, a dye precursor is placed on the hair, penetrates the hair shaft, and is most typically oxidized with an oxidizing agent to provide the desired color to the hair. The dye composition is composed of two main components: oxidative dye precursors and couplers. Oxidative dye precursors and couplers, due to their low molecular weight and good water solubility, easily diffuse into the hair where the coupling or condensation reaction occurs. The colored products developed by the oxidizing agent remain trapped in the hair due to their higher molecular weight, relative insolubility in water, and affinity for absorption to the internal hair surface. The chemical oxidation process is carried out in the presence of a base. The base is an alkaline material that can be, for example, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide. It is well established that the use of these materials can damage the hair to some extent. The goal of such oxidative dyeing methods is permanence, which is difficult to achieve in practice. The color tends to fade over time, and a contributing factor to the fading is the lack of wash fastness. This means that the color tends to leach out of the hair after repeated washing. This results in a gradual fading or change in the applied color. Other factors such as ultraviolet light, combing, and perspiration also affect the color. Semi-permanent coloring compositions are a class of oxidative dye formulations that are less aggressive than permanent colors.

[0004] Oxidative hair color generally lasts for 4-6 weeks, however, it is common to notice fading in certain areas of hair within 2-3 weeks following the oxidation procedure.

[0005] Semi-permanent hair color generally provides a more lasting color than temporary dyes, but without the permanence of oxidative color. The dye types used in semi-permanent hair color have larger molecular sizes, which are too large to penetrate normal virgin hair shafts. However, such larger dye molecules easily penetrate porous and damaged hair, and are preferentially retained due to their larger size. Thus, the balance of small and large dye molecules found in many semi-permanent products provides a uniform color. Semi-permanent hair colorants consist of dyes and acids. The different dyes are acid dyes, basic dyes, metallized dyes, and disperse dyes. However, they only provide a temporary coloring effect that lasts for only a few shampoo cycles.

[0006] Temporary hair colors are often found in rinse form and typically last for one shampoo. Such hair colors are often used when special effects are desired (such as Halloween and St. Patrick's Day). Temporary colors are leave-in formulations formulated with pigments and dyes that simply coat the hair shaft with colorants that are too large to penetrate its outer surface. Temporary hair colorants consist of dyes and acids. The different dyes are acid dyes, basic dyes, metallized dyes, and disperse dyes. In individuals with damaged or porous hair, some penetration into the hair shaft may occur, but such color applications rarely last through more than one or two shampoo cycles.

[0007] As mentioned above, the artificial coloring of hair obtained by permanent, semi-permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary hair coloring methods may gradually fade with repeated washing / shampooing, leading to fading of the hair coloring over time. Prevention of fading / leaching is a very important requirement in the current hair coloring market. There is an increasing demand for hair care products designed to prevent or reduce fading during washing. There are several post-(post-coloring) applied anti-fading products on the market, including anti-fading treatments, shampoos, and conditioners. Although these shampoos and conditioners help prevent fading, they are designed to be applied after the hair has been colored with a hair coloring product, and therefore, consumers need to purchase and use additional products to reduce color loss or fading. Therefore, there is a need for a hair care composition that colors hair and maintains colorfastness through repeated washing cycles without the need for the use of post-coloring anti-fading products.The present technology provides a hair coloring composition that has good colorfastness to chemical agents (such as shampoos, conditioners, wave / straighteners, etc.) and natural agents (such as UV, pollution, sweat, etc.) by introducing an effective amount of at least one polyurethane polymer into the hair coloring composition. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0008] [Non-Patent Document 1] S. Marchioretto, "The Use of Silicones as a Color Lock Aid in Rinse-Off Hair Conditioners", J. of Cosmetic Science, 2003 Annual Scientific Meeting, pp. 130-131. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In one aspect, the disclosed technology provides hair color compositions that optimize color intensity and saturation (e.g., color deposition and / or spread on and within hair), resulting in lighter shades when applied to hair.

[0010] In one aspect, the disclosed technology provides hair color compositions that have increased resistance to fading and reduced wash-off as compared to conventionally formulated hair color compositions.

[0011] In one aspect, the disclosed technology provides hair color compositions that protect hair color substantivity (e.g., from fading and washing off) for at least 30 wash cycles.

[0012] In one aspect, the disclosed technology provides hair color compositions that maintain or improve hair conditioning properties, including wet and dry feel and tangle resistance.

[0013] In one embodiment, a hair care composition comprises, in a cosmetically acceptable carrier, at least one color-imparting compound (hair colorant) and at least one polymer comprising a polyurethane backbone having one or more tethered tertiary amino groups laterally attached to the polyurethane backbone, the tethered tertiary amino groups being spaced from the polyurethane backbone by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms.

[0014] In one embodiment, a hair care composition comprises, in a cosmetically acceptable carrier, at least one color-imparting compound (hair colorant) and at least one polymer comprising a polyurethane backbone having one or more tethered tertiary amino groups laterally attached to the polyurethane backbone, the tethered tertiary amino groups being spaced from the polyurethane backbone by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms, and the tertiary amino groups being neutralized.

[0015] In another aspect, the disclosed technology provides a process for coloring hair and retaining the color of the colored hair. The process includes applying a composition to hair, the composition comprising at least one hair coloring agent and at least one polymer comprising a polyurethane backbone, the at least one polymer having one or more tethered tertiary amino groups laterally attached to the polyurethane backbone, the tethered tertiary amino groups being spaced from the polyurethane backbone by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms. The method optionally includes rinsing the composition from the hair after the contact time.

[0016] In yet another aspect, the disclosed technology relates to the use of a polymer for imparting colorfastness to a hair care coloring composition by introducing into the hair care coloring composition a porosity of at least one polyurethane polymer comprising at least one polyurethane backbone having one or more tethered tertiary amino groups laterally attached to the polyurethane backbone, the tethered tertiary amino groups being spaced apart from the polyurethane backbone by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms.

[0017] In yet another aspect, the technology of the present disclosure relates to the use of a polymer for imparting colorfastness to a hair care coloring composition by introducing into the hair care coloring composition a porosity of at least one polyurethane polymer comprising at least one polyurethane backbone having one or more tethered tertiary amino groups laterally attached to the polyurethane backbone, the tethered tertiary amino groups being spaced apart from the polyurethane backbone by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms, and the tertiary amino groups being neutralized. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] In all aspects of the disclosed technology, all percentages are calculated by weight of the total composition. All ratios are expressed as weight ratios. All numerical ranges of amounts are inclusive and combinable unless otherwise stated.

[0019] The term "cosmetically acceptable" means that the compositions, formulations, or components described in the presently disclosed technology are suitable for contact with human keratinous tissue (e.g., hair, skin, and nails) without causing toxicity, incompatibility, instability, or allergic reactions. All compositions, formulations, components, and ingredients described herein are intended for direct application to keratinous tissue and are limited to those that are cosmetically acceptable.

[0020] The term "colorant" means a material intended to impart color to hair. Colorants include dyes, pigments, dye precursors, dye couplers, direct dyes, and mixtures thereof, including permanent dyes, semi-permanent dyes, and temporary dyes as generally known in the art. Hair colorants are described in the CTFA International Color Handbook, 2000, pp. 211-215. nd Edition, Micelle Press, England (1992) and Cosmetic Handbook, US Food and Drug Administration, FDA / IAS Booklet (1992), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0021] The term "tethered" amine group refers to the position of the amine group located away from the main polymer backbone. In such an arrangement, multiple amine groups are linked to the polymer backbone via spacers. This topology can be represented by the following diagram: [ka] where P designates the urethane polymer backbone, L is a link or spacer (tethering moiety), and NR2 is a tethered tertiary amine that can be neutralized with an acid or quaternized. Each R is generally, independently of the others, an alkyl group (e.g., 1-5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms) or an alkylamine that can include another tertiary amine group. Each L can be a linking group (substituted, linear, branched, cycloalkyl, aromatic, or combinations thereof, which can include urethane linkages, ester linkages, and can contain heteroatoms such as oxygen and nitrogen in addition to carbon). In a preferred and simple embodiment, L is generally an ethylene, propylene, or other alkylene group of 2-6, preferably 2-4, and most preferably 2 or 3 carbon atoms.

[0022] For selected embodiments and aspects of the disclosed technology, overlapping weight ranges are expressed for the various components and ingredients that may be included in the disclosed compositions, but the amount of each component in the disclosed compositions is selected from its disclosed range such that the sum of all components or ingredients in the composition totals 100 weight percent. The amounts used will vary depending on the purpose and characteristics of the desired product and can be readily determined by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0023] As disclosed herein, the hair care compositions contain a variety of conventional additives and adjuvants known in the art, some of which can serve multiple functions. For example, a particular component may be listed herein as an emollient, but can also function as an emulsifier, moisturizer, etc.

[0024] The hair care compositions of the disclosed technology may suitably comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of the components, elements, and process delineations described herein. The disclosed technology illustratively disclosed herein may suitably be practiced in the absence of any element not specifically disclosed herein.

[0025] The embodiments and aspects described herein may be combinable with other embodiments and / or aspects, even though not explicitly illustrated in combination.

[0026] An aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed technology relates to hair coloring compositions and methods of use. In one embodiment, the exemplary composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of: a) at least one hair coloring agent; and b) at least one polyurethane comprising a polyurethane backbone having one or more tethered tertiary amino groups laterally attached to the polyurethane backbone, the tethered tertiary amino groups being spaced apart from the polyurethane backbone by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms.

[0027] In one aspect, the tethered tertiary amino groups present on the polyurethane backbone are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized.

[0028] In one embodiment, the hair color composition comprises at least one hair coloring agent (dye) (a). The color fastness of the dyes varies widely. Thus, the dyes used to color the hair are classified as permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary. They are selected from permanent dyes, semi-permanent dyes, temporary dyes, and mixtures thereof. The type of dye used in the desired hair coloring formulation depends on the desired class of hair coloring product to be provided.

[0029] Permanent Hair Dye One of the most well-known and widely used coloring applications is the oxidation dyeing process. In this process, a dye is placed on the hair, penetrated into the hair, and oxidized, most typically with hydrogen peroxide, to give the hair the desired color. The dye composition is composed of two main components, which are oxidation dye precursors and dye couplers. Both components have low molecular weights, which allows them to penetrate the hair and polymerize in the presence of base and hydrogen peroxide to form the final higher molecular weight dye. The chemical reaction process in the presence of base and peroxide is a coupling or condensation reaction. The base is an alkalizing material that can be, for example, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.

[0030] Permanent and semi-permanent hair dyes are generally commercially available as two-component kits. One component contains the oxidative dye precursors and dye couplers in an alkaline liquid, gel, or cream base, and the other component is a stabilized solution of an oxidizing agent (e.g., hydrogen peroxide). The two components are mixed immediately prior to use. The mixture is then applied to the hair for a suitable period of time, generally 20-60 minutes, where the dye precursors and oxidizing agent diffuse into the hair shaft and color formation occurs following a series of chemical reactions.

[0031] Oxidation dye precursors are generally derived from aromatic compounds, such as benzene, substituted with at least two electron donor groups (e.g., NH2 and OH) located at the para and ortho positions of the ring. Oxidation hair dyes can be any oxidative hair dye precursors commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary oxidative dye precursors include, but are not limited to, 4-amino-m-cresol, 1-hydroxyethyl-4-5-diaminopyrazole sulfate, N,N,bis[2-hydroxyethyl]-p-phenylene-di-amine sulfate, hydroxyethyl-p-phenylene-di-amine sulfate, p-aminophenol, m-aminophenol, 3-methyl-4-aminophenol, p-methylaminophenol sulfate, p-phenylenediamine sulfate, tetraaminopyrimidine sulfate, toluene-2-5-diamine sulfate, and mixtures thereof.

[0032] In one embodiment, the amount of oxidative dye precursor in the permanent hair color composition ranges from about 0.0005 to about 20 wt.%, or from about 0.005 to 10 wt.%, or from about 0.05 to about 6 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0033] The dye coupler is derived from an aromatic compound, such as benzene, and contains an electron donating group (e.g., NH2 and OH) located at the meta position of the ring. The dye coupler can be any dye coupler commonly used in oxidation permanent hair dye products. Exemplary dye couplers include, but are not limited to, resorcinol, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene, 2-methyl-5-hydroxyethylaminophenol, 2-methylresorcinol, 5-amino-6-chloro-o-cresol, 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisole sulfate, 1-naptol, 2,4,diaminophenoxyethanol sulfate, m-aminophenol, phenylmethylpyrazolone, 4-chlororesorcinol, and mixtures thereof.

[0034] In one embodiment, the amount of dye coupler in the permanent hair color composition is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0001 to about 15 weight percent, or from about 0.0005 to about 10 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0035] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye composition includes an alkalizing agent. The alkalizing agent can be any alkalizing agent commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary alkalizing agents include ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, aminoethylpropanol, ethanolamines (e.g., monoethanolamine, diethanolamine), and mixtures thereof. The alkalizing agent is utilized in an amount sufficient to maintain the pH of the composition in the range of about 7 to about 12.

[0036] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye composition comprises a reducing agent. The reducing agent helps prevent premature reaction of the oxidative dye precursor with the dye coupler during storage, thereby improving the shelf life of these oxidative dye components. The reducing agent can be any reducing agent commonly used in permanent hair dye products. Suitable reducing agents include sodium sulfite, sodium hydrosulfite, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite, and mixtures thereof.

[0037] In one embodiment, the amount of reducing agent used ranges from about 0.0005 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0038] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye composition comprises an antioxidant. The antioxidant, together with the reducing agent, reduces premature reaction between the oxidative dye precursor and the dye coupler before adding the oxidizing agent before use. The antioxidant can be any antioxidant commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary antioxidants include sodium sulfite, sodium ascorbate, thioglycolic acid, ammonium thioglycolate, ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0039] In one embodiment, the amount of antioxidant utilized ranges from about 0.1 to about 3% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.

[0040] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye composition includes an oxidizing agent. The oxidizing agent facilitates the reaction between the oxidative dye precursor and the dye coupling agent to allow color development. The oxidizing agent can be any oxidizing agent commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary oxidizing agents include organic peroxides (e.g., hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, melamine peroxide), inorganic peroxides (e.g., sodium peroxide, sodium periodate, calcium peroxide, barium persilicate, persulfates, sodium bromate, perborates, melamine peroxide), alkali metal bromates, and ferricyanides, and mixtures thereof.

[0041] In one embodiment, the amount of oxidizing agent present in the permanent hair color composition ranges from about 0.0001 to about 25 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0042] In one embodiment, the permanent hair color composition may contain other hair dye components in addition to the oxidative dye precursors and dye couplers. In one embodiment, the other hair dye components are direct dyes. The direct dyes may be any direct dyes commonly used in oxidative permanent hair dye products. Exemplary direct dyes include 4-[4'-aminophenyl)-(4"-imino-2",5"-cyclohexadien-1"-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaminobenzene monohydrochloride (CI 42 510), 4-[4'-amino-3'-methylphenyl)-(4"-imino-3"-methyl-2",5"-cyclohexadien-1"-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaminobenzene monohydrochloride (CI 42 520), 4-hydroxypropylamino-3-nitrophenol, 4-amino-3-nitrophenol, 2-amino-6-chloro-4-nitrophenol, HC Blue 2, HC Yellow 4, HC Red 3, Disperse Violet 4, Disperse Black 9, HC Blue 7, HC Blue 12, HC Yellow 2, HC Yellow 12, Disperse Blue 3, Disperse violet 1, and mixtures thereof.

[0043] In one embodiment, the amount of direct dye present in the permanent hair color composition ranges from about 0.0001 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0044] In one embodiment, the permanent hair dye is formulated as a two-component system. Each component is packaged separately and mixed together immediately prior to use. One component (the dye component) contains an oxidation dye precursor, a dye coupling agent, and an alkalizing agent (e.g., ammonia), and the other component (the oxidation component) contains an oxidizing agent.

[0045] The dye component and the oxidation component can be formulated in any manner commonly used in oxidation permanent hair dye products. In one aspect, the oxidation dye component is formulated in the form of an emulsion, although other vehicles such as gels, pastes, solutions, and powders are utilized. In one aspect, the oxidation component can be formulated as an aqueous solution or in powder form, so long as the oxidation component is compatible for mixing with the dye component. Stabilizers can be used to stabilize the oxidation component depending on the type of stabilizer used. In general, peroxides are inherently unstable, especially in aqueous media. The stabilizer can be any stabilizer commonly used in oxidation permanent hair dye products. Exemplary stabilizers include sodium stannate, pentasodium pentetate, phenacetin, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

[0046] At least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized, can be incorporated into the dye component, the oxidation component, or both the dye and oxidation components of the two-part permanent dye system.

[0047] Semi-permanent hair dye "Semi-permanent" hair dyes directly color the hair without requiring an oxidation reaction to develop color. The semi-permanent dye can be any dye commonly used in semi-permanent dye products. Suitable semi-permanent dyes can be selected from basic dyes, HC dyes, acid dyes, direct dyes, disperse dyes, and mixtures thereof. Other nitroanilines suitable as semi-permanent dyes include 4-hydroxypropylamino-3-nitrophenol and N,N'-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-nitrophenylenediamine. Mixtures of dyes from any one of the aforementioned dye classes can be used to achieve the desired color or shade.

[0048] Suitable basic dyes include blue, brown, green, orange, red, and yellow. Suitable blues include Basic Blue 3, 6, 7, 9, 26, 41, 47, and 99. Suitable browns include Basic Brown 4, 16, and 17. Suitable greens include Basic Green 1 and 4. Suitable oranges include Basic Orange 1 and 2. Suitable reds include Basic Red 1, 2, 22, 46, 51, 76, and 118. Suitable purples include Basic Violet 1, 3, 4, 10, 11, 14, and 16. Suitable yellows include Basic Yellow 11, 28, and 57.

[0049] HC dyes include blue, brown, green, orange, red, purple, and yellow. Suitable blue colors include HC Blue 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14. Suitable brown colors include HC Brown 1 and 2. Suitable green colors include HC Green 1. Suitable orange colors include HC Orange 1, 2, 3, and 5. Suitable red colors include HC Red 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and 14. Suitable purple colors include HC Violet 1 and 2. Suitable yellow colors include HC Yellow 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 15.

[0050] The acid dyes are selected from black, blue, brown, green, orange, red, purple, and yellow. Examples of Acid Black are No. 1 and No. 52. Suitable blue colors include Acid Blue 1, 3, 9, 62, and 74. Examples of brown and green colors include Acid Brown 13 and Acid Green 1, 25, and 50, respectively. Suitable orange colors include Acid Orange 3, 6, 7, and 24. Suitable red colors include Acid Red 14, 18, 27, 33, 35, 51, 52, 73, 87, 92, 95, 184, and 195. Suitable purple colors include Acid Violet 9 and 43. Suitable yellow colors include Acid Yellow 1, 3, 23, and 73. Lakes of the aforementioned acid dyes are also useful in the present technology.

[0051] Suitable direct dyes include Direct Black 51, Direct Blue 86, Direct Red 23, 80, and 81; Direct Violet 48, and Direct Yellow 12.

[0052] Suitable disperse dyes include Disperse Black 9, Disperse Blue 1, 3, and 7; Disperse Brown 1, Disperse Orange 3, Disperse Red 11, 15, and 17; and Disperse Violet 1, 4, and 15.

[0053] In one embodiment, the semi-permanent dye is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0005 to about 20% by weight, or from about 0.005 to 10% by weight, or from about 0.05 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0054] The semi-permanent coloring composition may be formulated in any manner commonly used in semi-permanent hair dye products. In one embodiment, the semi-permanent dye composition is formulated in the form of a lotion, shampoo, mousse, and emulsion. These product forms must have a viscosity such that they do not run during application. The hair dyeing process is relatively simple, requiring a contact time of about 5 to about 40 minutes, followed by rinsing.

[0055] While many semi-permanent dyes have good water solubility, selected nitroaniline derived dyes may have low solubility in aqueous media and may require formulation in specific solvents such as benzyl alcohol, glycol, or glycol derivatives.

[0056] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized, can be directly incorporated into the semi-permanent dye composition.

[0057] temporary hair dye Temporary hair colorants include color rinses that provide color that lasts until the first shampoo. Temporary color-imparting ingredients generally have fairly high molecular weights and are unable to penetrate the hair shaft. These materials simply deposit on the hair fiber and are removed by subsequent shampooing. Traditionally, temporary hair coloring compositions are used when a cosmetic effect is desired for one day.

[0058] The temporary hair colorant may be any dye commonly used in temporary dye products. In one embodiment, the temporary colorant is selected from at least one pigment. As used herein, the term "pigment" refers to any pigment that imparts color to hair.

[0059] The at least one pigment that may be used may be selected from organic and / or mineral pigments known in the art, such as those described in Kirk-Othmer's Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology and Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry.

[0060] The at least one pigment may be in the form of a powder or a pigment paste. The pigment may be coated or uncoated.

[0061] The at least one pigment may be selected, for example, from mineral pigments, organic pigments, lakes, special effect pigments such as mother of pearl or glitter flakes, and mixtures thereof.

[0062] At least one pigment may be a mineral pigment. As used herein, the term "mineral pigment" refers to any pigment that meets the definition in the chapter on inorganic pigments in the Ullman Encyclopedia. Mineral pigments that may be useful in the present disclosure include iron oxide, chromium oxide, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate, and ferric blue.

[0063] Examples of colored mineral pigments include red pigments such as iron oxide, iron hydroxide, and iron titanate, inorganic brown pigments such as γ-iron oxide, inorganic yellow pigments such as yellow iron oxide and ocher, inorganic black pigments such as black iron oxide and carbon black, inorganic purple pigments such as manganese violet and cobalt violet, inorganic green pigments such as chromium hydroxide, chromium oxide, cobalt oxide, and cobalt titanate, inorganic blue pigments such as Prussian blue and Ultramarine Blue, Red No. 3, Red No. 104, Red No. 106, Red No. 201, Red No. 202, Red No. 204, Red No. 205, Red No. 220, Red No. 226, Red No. 227, Red No. 228, Red No. 230, Red No. 401, Red No. 505, Yellow No. 4, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 202, Yellow No. 203, Yellow No. 204, Yellow ...4, Yellow No. 205, Red No. 220, Red No. 226, Red pigments obtained by flaking tar-based dyes such as Yellow No. 204, Yellow No. 401, Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Blue No. 201, Blue No. 404, Green No. 3, Green No. 201, Green No. 204, Green No. 205, Orange No. 201, Orange No. 203, Orange No. 204, Orange No. 206, and Orange No. 207; pigments obtained by flaking natural pigments such as carminic acid, laccaic acid, carthamin, and brazilian; titanium oxide-coated mica, titanium mica, iron oxide-treated titanium mica, titanium oxide-coated mica, bismuth oxychloride, titanium oxide-coated bismuth oxychloride, titanium oxide-coated talc, titanium oxide-coated colored mica, and metal powder pigments such as aluminum, gold, silver, copper, platinum, and stainless steel, and mixtures thereof.

[0064] At least one pigment may be an organic pigment. As used herein, the term "organic pigment" refers to any pigment that meets the definition in the chapter on organic pigments in the Ullman Encyclopedia. For example, at least one organic pigment may be selected from nitroso, nitro, azo, xanthene, quinoline, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, metal complex, isoindolinone, isoindoline, quinacridone, perinone, perylene, diketopyrrolopyrrole, thioindigo, dioxazine, triphenylmethane, and quinophthalone compounds.

[0065] White or colored organic pigments include carmine, carbon black, aniline black, melanin, azo yellow, quinacridone, phthalocyanine blue, sorghum red, blue pigments organized in the Color Index under the reference numbers CI 42090, 69800, 69825, 73000, 74100, and 74160, yellow pigments organized in the Color Index under the reference numbers CI 11680, 11710, 15985, 19140, 20040, 21100, 21108, 47000, and 47005, green pigments organized in the Color Index under the reference numbers CI 61565, 61570, and 74260, orange pigments organized in the Color Index under the reference numbers CI 11725, 15510, 45370, and 71105, red pigments organized in the Color Index under the reference numbers CI In particular, the pigments may be selected from the red pigments of the types designated 12085, 12120, 12370, 12420, 12490, 14700, 15525, 15580, 15620, 15630, 15800, 15850, 15865, 15880, 17200, 26100, 45380, 45410, 58000, 73360, 73915 and 75470, as well as pigments obtained by oxidative polymerization of indole or phenol derivatives, as described in French Patent Publication No. 2 679 771.

[0066] Exemplary pigment pastes of organic pigments include Pigment Yellow 3 (CI 11710), Pigment Yellow 1 (CI 11680), Pigment Orange 43 (CI 71105), Pigment Red 4 (CI 12085), Pigment Red 5 (CI 12490), Pigment Violet 23 (CI 51319), Pigment Blue 15.1 (CI 74160), Pigment Green 7 (CI 74260), Pigment Black 7 (CI 77266), and mixtures thereof.

[0067] The at least one pigment according to the present technology may also be in the form of at least one composite pigment as described in EP 1 184 426. These composite pigments may for example be a compound of particles comprising a mineral core, at least one binder to ensure the binding of the organic pigment to the core, and at least one organic pigment at least partially covering the core.

[0068] Organic pigments can also be lakes. As used herein, the term "lake" means a dye adsorbed onto an insoluble particle, such that the mass obtained remains insoluble during use. The insoluble particle onto which the dye is adsorbed can be, for example, alumina, silica, calcium sodium borosilicate, calcium aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum. A non-limiting example of a lake is D&C Red 7 (CI 15 850:1).

[0069] Exemplary dyes include cochineal carmine, D&C Red 21 (CI 45 380), D&C Orange 5 (CI 45 370), D&C Red 27 (CI 45 410), D&C Orange 10 (CI 45 425), D&C Red 3 (CI 45 430), D&C Red 4 (CI 15 510), D&C Red 33 (CI 17 200), D&C Yellow 5 (CI 19 140), D&C Yellow 6 (CI 15 985), D&C Green (CI 61 570), D&C Yellow 1 O (CI 77 002), D&C Green 3 (CI 42 053), and D&C Blue 1 (CI 42 090).

[0070] At least one pigment may also be a special effect pigment. As used herein, the term "special effect pigment" refers to a pigment that generally produces a non-uniform colored appearance (characterized by a certain hue, a certain vivacity, and a certain brightness) that changes as a function of viewing conditions (light, temperature, viewing angle, etc.). They are therefore in contrast to white or colored pigments that give standard uniform opaque, translucent, or transparent shades. Some types of special effect pigments have low refractive index, such as fluorescent, photochromic, or thermochromic pigments, and high refractive index, such as nacre or glitter flakes.

[0071] Examples of special effect pigments include mica / red iron oxide, nacreous pigments such as mica coated with titanium or bismuth oxychloride, titanic mica with iron oxide, titanic mica with ferric blue or chromium oxide, colored nacreous pigments such as titanic mica with the organic pigments listed above, and nacreous pigments based on bismuth oxychloride. Exemplary nacreous pigments include mica-TiO2 lake, mica-TiO2, mica-Fe2O3, and mica-TiO2-Fe2O3.

[0072] In addition to nacre on a mica support, multi-layer pigments based on synthetic substrates such as alumina, silica, calcium sodium borosilicate, calcium aluminum borosilicate, and aluminum may be utilized.

[0073] Pigments with interference effects that are not fixed on a substrate, such as liquid crystals (Helicones™ HC from Material District) and holographic interference flakes. Special effect pigments also include fluorescent pigments, phosphorescent pigments, photochromic pigments, thermochromic pigments, and quantum dots.

[0074] The variety of pigments that can be used in the present invention makes it possible to obtain a wide range of colors and also optical effects such as metallic or interference effects.

[0075] In one embodiment, the particle size of the at least one pigment used in the cosmetic composition according to the present technology ranges from 10 nm to 200 μm, or from 20 nm to 80 μm, or from 30 nm to 50 μm.

[0076] In one embodiment, the at least one pigment may be dispersed in the temporary hair product via at least one dispersant. The at least one dispersant serves to protect the dispersed particles from flocculation or aggregation. The at least one dispersant may be a surfactant, an oligomer, a polymer, or a mixture of several thereof, having at least one functional group that has a strong affinity for the surface of the particles to be dispersed. For example, they may be physically or chemically bound to the surface of the at least one pigment. These dispersants also contain at least one functional group that is compatible with or soluble in the continuous medium. For example, 12-hydroxystearic acid esters of polyols such as glycerol or diglycerol and C8-C 20 Fatty acid esters, such as polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearate sold under the trade name Dehymyls™ PGPH by BASF, or polyhydroxystearic acid, such as that sold under the trade name Arlacel™ P100 by Croda, as well as mixtures thereof.

[0077] The pigment (colorant) is present in the temporary dye composition in an amount effective to dye hair. In one embodiment, the amount of pigment present in the temporary dye composition ranges from about 0.0005 to about 20% by weight, or from about 0.005 to 10% by weight, or from about 0.05 to about 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0078] The temporary coloring composition may be formulated in any manner commonly used in temporary hair dye products, hi one embodiment, the temporary dye composition is formulated in the form of a lotion, cream, gel, shampoo, mousse, and emulsion, or other suitable vehicle known to the skilled hair color formulator.

[0079] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized, can be incorporated directly into the temporary dye composition.

[0080] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane component (b) is (i) at least one polyisocyanate; (ii) at least one backbone polyamine, polyol, polymercaptan, and mixtures thereof having about two isocyanate-reactive hydrogens; (iii) the reaction product of at least one compound containing a tertiary nitrogen having two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen-containing substituents and a tethered tertiary amino group substituent, the tertiary amino group being spaced from the polyurethane backbone by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms.

[0081] In one embodiment, the tethered tertiary amino groups of at least one polyurethane component b) are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized.

[0082] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane b) having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized, is dispersed in water to form a polyurethane prepolymer dispersion.

[0083] In one embodiment, the partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized prepolymer aqueous dispersion is chain extended with a chain extender selected from water, inorganic or organic polyamines, low molecular weight polyols, and mixtures thereof.

[0084] Polyurethane components The polyurethane of the present technology is formed from at least one polyisocyanate and at least one NCO-reactive compound (isocyanate-reactive compound). Any compound that provides an active hydrogen source for reacting with isocyanate groups via the reaction of -NCO+HX→-NH-C(=O)-X can be used as the NCO-reactive compound in the present technology. Examples of active hydrogen compounds include, but are not limited to, polyols, polythiols, and polyamines. In addition, tethered tertiary amine groups are introduced into the polymer via monomers that contain at least two active hydrogen groups for reaction with isocyanates. Optionally, isocyanate-reactive chain extenders and water-dispersible monomers can be reacted into the polyurethane backbone.

[0085] In one aspect, the polyurethanes of the present technology are prepared as aqueous polyurethane dispersions utilizing well-known prepolymer methods.

[0086] Isocyanates Suitable polyisocyanates have an average of about two or more isocyanate groups per molecule, preferably an average of about two to about four isocyanate groups, and include aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic polyisocyanates, as well as their oligomerization products, used alone or in mixtures of two or more. In one embodiment, the polyisocyanates are selected from diisocyanates, although even monofunctional isocyanates can be used, for example, as molecular weight control agents.

[0087] Specific examples of suitable aliphatic polyisocyanates include α,ω-alkylene diisocyanates having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, such as hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methyl-1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, and the like. Polyisocyanates having fewer than 5 carbon atoms can be used, but are less preferred due to their high volatility and toxicity. Preferred aliphatic polyisocyanates include hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene-diisocyanate, and 2,4,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate.

[0088] Specific examples of suitable alicyclic polyisocyanates include dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, bis-(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, cyclohexane triisocyanate, isomers thereof, etc. Preferred alicyclic polyisocyanates include dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate.

[0089] Specific examples of suitable araliphatic polyisocyanates include m-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, p-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, 1,4-xylylene diisocyanate, 1,3-xylylene diisocyanate, etc. A preferred araliphatic polyisocyanate is tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate.

[0090] Examples of suitable aromatic polyisocyanates include diphenylmethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, tetrahydronaphthalene diisocyanate, biphenylene diisocyanate, dimethylbiphenylene diisocyanate, dichlorobiphenylene diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, isomers thereof, etc. In one aspect, the aromatic polyisocyanate includes 4,4'-diphenylmethylene diisocyanate and toluene diisocyanate.

[0091] Examples of suitable heterocyclic isocyanates include 5,5'-methylenebisfurfuryl isocyanate and 5,5'-isopropylidenebisfurfuryl isocyanate.

[0092] Active hydrogen-containing compounds The term "active hydrogen-containing" refers to a compound that is a source of active hydrogen and can react with an isocyanate group via the following reaction: -NCO+HX → -NH-C(=O)-X

[0093] Such compounds typically have a wide range of molecular weights, from 18 g / mol for water and 17 g / mol to about 10,000 g / mol for ammonia. They are usually divided into two subclasses according to their molecular weight: polyols with number average molecular weights of about 500-10,000 g / mol and chain extenders with molecular weights of 18-500 g / mol. The two extremes of the scale represent physical entities, with high molecular weight polyols contributing to the soft segments of the polyurethane and low molecular weight short chain extenders contributing to the hard segments.

[0094] Polyols and active hydrogen-containing compounds The term "polyol" in the context of the present technology refers to any high molecular weight product (M n>500 g / mol) and includes materials that have active hydrogens capable of reacting with isocyanates and have an average of about two or more hydroxyl or other NCO-reactive groups per molecule. Examples of moieties containing active hydrogens that will react with NCO groups (isocyanate groups) are hydroxyl, amino, and thiol groups.

[0095] Such long chain polyols include polyether, polyester, polycarbonate, and polycaprolactone polyols. Other examples of active hydrogen group-containing polymers include polyamides, polyesteramides, polyacetals, polythioethers, polysiloxanes, ethoxylated polysiloxanes, halogenated polyesters and polyethers, polybutadienes, hydrogenated polybutadienes, polyisoprenes, polyisobutylenes, alkyd-modified and polythioether polyols, hydroxyl-containing acrylic and methacrylic polymers and copolymers, hydroxyl-containing epoxies, and the like, and mixtures thereof. Combinations of different types of polyols may be used. In one aspect, the molecular weight (M n ) is in the range of more than 500 g / mol, or from about 650 g / mol to about 8000 g / mol, or from about 800 to about 4000 g / mol, or from about 1000 to about 3000 g / mol, or from about 1200 to about 2500 g / mol, or from about 1400 to about 2000 g / mol.

[0096] Polyether polyol Polyether polyols are obtained in a known manner by reacting starting compounds containing reactive hydrogen atoms, such as water or the diols described for preparing polyester polyols, with alkylene oxides, such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, epichlorohydrin, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the polyethers include polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) and poly(propylene glycol) (PPGs derived from 1,2-propanediol or 1,3-propanediol). Examples include Terathane® PTHF polyols from Invista and Acclaim™ PPG diols with lower monol content from Arco Chemical, and Cerenol™ bio-based PPG from DuPont. Cerenol™ bio-based PPG is derived from 1,3-propanediol.

[0097] In one aspect, the polyether polyol provides about 25 wt. %, more preferably less than about 15 wt. %, and most preferably less than about 5 wt. % poly(ethylene oxide) units in the backbone (main chain), based on the dry weight of the final polyurethane, since such main chain poly(ethylene oxide) units tend to cause swelling of the polyurethane particles in the aqueous polyurethane dispersion and also contribute to a decrease in tensile strength during use (wet or humid conditions) of articles made from the polyurethane dispersion.

[0098] Polyester polyol Polyester polyols are typically esterification products prepared by the reaction of an organic polycarboxylic acid or anhydride with a stoichiometric excess of a diol. Examples of polyols suitable for use in the reaction include polyglycol adipates, polyethylene terephthalate polyols, polycaprolactone polyols, orthophthalic polyols, sulfonated polyols, and the like, and mixtures thereof.

[0099] The diols used to make the polyester polyols can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic and include alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, and 2,3-butylene glycol, hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, and bisphenol A, cyclohexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol (1,4-bis-hydroxymethylcyclohexane), 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane ... Other glycols such as ethyl-1,3-pentanediol, 2-butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol, Versatic™ alcohol produced from CARDURA® E10P (Hexion), triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, caprolactone diol, dimerate diol, hydroxylated bisphenols, polyether glycols, halogenated diols, and mixtures thereof. In one aspect, the diols include ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexanediol, and neopentyl glycol.

[0100] Suitable carboxylic acids for use in making the polyester polyols include di- and tricarboxylic acids and anhydrides, such as maleic acid, maleic anhydride, succinic acid, glutaric acid, glutaric anhydride, adipic acid, suberic acid, pimelic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, chlorenic acid, 1,2,4-butane-tricarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, isomers of phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, fumaric acid, tetrabromophthalic anhydride and acid, dimer fatty acids such as oleic acid, and the like, and mixtures thereof. In one aspect, the polycarboxylic acids for use in making the polyester polyols include aliphatic or aromatic dibasic acids.

[0101] In one embodiment, the polyester polyol is a diol.Exemplary polyester diols include hexanediol neopentyl glycol adipate polyester diol, such as Piothane™ 67-3000HNA (Panolam Industries) and Piothane 67-1000HNA; and propylene glycol maleic anhydride adipate polyester diol, such as Piothane 50-1000OPMA; and hexanediol neopentyl glycol fumarate polyester diol, such as Piothane 67-500HNF.Other preferred polyester diols include Rucoflex™ S1015-35, S1040-35, and S-1040-110 (RUCO Polymer Corp.).

[0102] Polycarbonate polyol Polycarbonate polyols include those resulting from the reaction of diols such as 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and the like, and mixtures thereof, with diaryl carbonates such as diphenyl carbonate or phosgene.

[0103] Polysiloxane polyol Polysiloxane polyols are characterized by the presence of -R1R2SiO- repeat units that may contain alkyl or aryl groups, such as polydimethylsiloxane, poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-diphenylsiloxane), polydiphenylsiloxane, poly(methylphenyl)siloxane, etc., and combinations thereof. Examples include ethoxylated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) Y-17256 from Momentive Performance Materials, and side chain PDMS diol MCR-C61 from Gelest.

[0104] Polyacetal Polyacetals include compounds that can be prepared from the reaction of (A) an aldehyde, such as formaldehyde, with (B) a glycol, such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, ethoxylated 4,4'-dihydroxy-diphenyldimethylmethane, 1,6-hexanediol, etc. Polyacetals can also be prepared by the polymerization of cyclic acetals.

[0105] Polyesteramides and Polyamides Instead of long chain polyols, long chain amides can be used to prepare the isocyanate-terminated prepolymers. Suitable long chain amides include polyesteramides and polyamides, such as the predominantly linear condensation products obtained from the reaction of polybasic saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides with polybasic saturated or unsaturated amino alcohols, diamines, polyamines, and mixtures thereof.

[0106] Diamines and polyamines are among the preferred compounds useful in preparing the aforementioned polyesteramides and polyamides. Suitable diamines and polyamines include 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediamine, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine, 1,12-diaminododecane, 2-aminoethanol, 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-ethanol, piperazine, 2,5-dimethylpiperazine, 1-amino-3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane (isophoronediamine or IPDA), bis-(4-aminocyclohexane), ...cyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1, cyclohexyl)-methane, bis-(4-amino-3-methyl-cyclohexyl)-methane, 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-propylenediamine, hydrazine, urea, amino acid hydrazides, semicarbazide carboxylic acid hydrazides, bis-hydrazides and bis-semicarbazides, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, N,N,N-tris-(2-aminoethyl)amine, N-(2-piperazinoethyl)- Ethylenediamine, N,N-bis-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine, N,N,N'-tris-(2-aminoethyl)-ethylenediamine, N-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl]-N'-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-piperazinoethyl)-ethylenediamine, N,N-bis-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-piperazinoethyl)amine, N,N-bis-(2-piperazinoethyl)-amine, polyethyleneimine, iminobispropylamine, guanidine, melamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine, 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine, polyoxypropyleneamine, tetrapropylenepentamine, tripropylenetetramine, N,N-bis-(6-aminohexyl)amine, N,N'-bis-(3-aminopropyl)ethylenediamine, and 2,4-bis-(4'-aminobenzyl)-aniline, and mixtures thereof.Preferred diamines and polyamines include 1-amino-3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane (isophoronediamine or IPDA), bis-(4-aminocyclohexyl)-methane, bis-(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)-methane, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, and pentaethylenehexamine, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable diamines and polyamines include Jeffamine™ D-2000 and D-4000, which are amine-terminated polypropylene glycols differing only in molecular weight and available from Huntsman Chemical Company.

[0107] Polythiol In one embodiment, polythiol compounds can also be used to prepare isocyanate-terminated prepolymers.Typical examples of polythiol compounds represented by b include 1,2-ethanedithiol, propane-1,2-dithiol, n-hexane-1,6-dithiol, n-decane-1,10-dithiol, 1,3-cyclohexanedithiol, 1,4-cyclohexanedithiol, bis(2-mercaptoethyl)ether, 1,2-bis(mercaptomethylthio)benzene, 1,4-dimercaptobenzene, and bis(2-mercaptoethyl)sulfide.

[0108] NCO:OH ratio In one embodiment, the prepolymers produced by the present technology are isocyanate terminated, and thus the ratio of isocyanate equivalents to active hydrogens in the prepolymer typically ranges from about 1.3 / 1 to about 2.5 / 1, or from about 1.5 / 1 to about 2.1 / 1, or from about 1.7 / 1 to about 2 / 1.

[0109] If desired, OH-terminated prepolymers can also be made, in which case an access of OH equivalents to NCO is used.

[0110] Tethering monomer The polyurethanes of the present technology contain cationic groups tethered to the backbone. Such cationic groups include ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium groups. These groups can be incorporated into the polymer in ionic form or can be generated by post-neutralization (e.g., with acid) and / or post-quaternization of the corresponding nitrogen (e.g., with an alkyl halide), phosphorus, or sulfur moieties tethered from the polyurethane backbone. All combinations of the above groups, and combinations with nonionic stabilization, can be used. Anionic groups can also be incorporated into the polymer to generate zwitterionic compositions.

[0111] In one embodiment, the tethered cationic group-containing monomer reacts with other reactants to form a polyurethane through a conventional isocyanate reaction with the active hydrogen group present on the tethered tertiary amine monomer, such that when the monomer is incorporated into a polyurethane, the tertiary nitrogen atom is tethered away from the polyurethane backbone by at least two atoms in one aspect, and by at least three atoms in another aspect. In one aspect, the tethering atoms comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of carbon atoms.

[0112] In one embodiment, the monomer having a tethered tertiary amino group contains an average of two active hydrogen groups that participate in the construction of the polyurethane of the present technology.

[0113] Examples of tethered amine monomers include 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azanediyl)bis(ethan-1-ol) and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azanediyl)bis(propan-2-ol) (Jeffcat® DPA from Hunstman), represented by the following structure: [ka]

[0114] In one embodiment, the monomer having a tethered tertiary amino group may contain only one active hydrogen group. These monofunctional active hydrogen group-containing tethered monomers can be used as chain extenders or as components of polyester or polyether polyols in polyurethane synthesis. These monofunctional active hydrogen group-containing monomers can be used either in combination with the bifunctional tethered monomers described above or by themselves.

[0115] In one embodiment, a modification of the Michael addition reaction can produce a monofunctional active hydrogen tethered amine monomer when a hydroxyalkyl acrylate is reacted with an N,N-dialkyl alkylenediamine. Thus, the reaction of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate with N,N-dimethylpropylene diamine gives the following monomer: [ka]

[0116] In another embodiment, aminoalcohol monomers bearing a tethered tertiary amino group can be synthesized by reacting an oxirane (epoxide) with an asymmetric dialkyldiaminoalkylene as described above. [ka]

[0117] Tertiary amines can be neutralized with virtually any acid to make a cationic salt. Examples of acids include acetic acid, formic acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, boric acid, carbonic acid, perchloric acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, 2-carboxyethyl acrylate, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, glycine, alanine, leucine, norleucine, phenylalanine, serine, taurine, valine, α-aminobutyric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, benzoic acid, mercaptoacetic acid, salicylic acid, pivalic acid, chloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, citric acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, 1-sulfonaphthalene, tartaric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, o-, m-, and p-. Toluic acid, o-, m-, and p-aminobenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, methylbenzenesulfonic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, oleic acid, o-, m-, and p-chlorobenzoic acid, o-, m-, and p-bromobenzoic acid, anthranilic acid, o-, m-, and p-nitrobenzoic acid, adipic acid, caprylic acid, caproic acid, lauric acid, fluoroacetic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, methoxyacetic acid, dodecanesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, ethylbenzenesulfonic acid, octane sulfonic acid, hexanesulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.

[0118] In one aspect, the tertiary amine groups are neutralized before or during the polyurethane is partially dispersed in water. In one embodiment, the degree of neutralization of the tethered and / or terminal tertiary amine groups is greater than 10%, in another embodiment greater than 20, 25, or 30 mol %, and in a more preferred embodiment, the degree of neutralization is greater than 45 or 60 mol %. In one embodiment, at least 80, at least 85, at least 90, or at least 95 mol % of the tertiary amino groups are neutralized. Since multiple tertiary amino groups may inhibit the neutralization or quaternization of closely spaced adjacent tertiary amino groups, when specifying the percentage of quaternization or neutralization, it refers to the percentage of groups quaternized or neutralized at one or more nitrogen atoms of the tethered or terminal groups (not reducing the percentage of quaternization or neutralization due to inhibition of quaternization or neutralization by close physical proximity). In another embodiment, an excess of acid relative to the amine can be used.

[0119] Tertiary amines can be quaternized with any known quaternizing agent.In one aspect, the quaternizing agent is alkyl halide, aralkyl halide, dialkyl carbonate, dialkyl sulfate, and epoxide.In one aspect, the quaternizing agent includes methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, benzyl chloride, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, benzyl bromide, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, and epichlorohydrin.

[0120] In one aspect, the tertiary amine groups are quaternized to some extent. In one embodiment, the degree of quaternization of the tethered and / or terminal tertiary amine groups is greater than 10 mol%, or greater than 20, or greater than 25, or greater than 30, or greater than 45, or greater than 60 mol%. In one aspect, at least 80, or at least 85, or at least 90, or at least 95 mol% of the tertiary amino groups are quaternized.

[0121] A combination of quaternization and neutralization may be used.

[0122] The number of tethered tertiary amino groups can be from 0.1 to about 15 or 20 milliequivalents per gram of urethane polymer. In one embodiment, the lower limit is 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, or 0.6 milliequivalents per gram, and the upper limit is less than about 10, 8, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, or 1 milliequivalents per gram of urethane polymer. The number of tethered tertiary amino groups decreases as these groups are quaternized or neutralized with acid (which makes these groups more effective in colloidal stabilization of urethane dispersions in water). The number of tethered tertiary amino groups also decreases as nonionic and / or zwitterionic groups are added to the urethane polymer, supplementing the cationic stabilizing effect for colloidal stabilization of urethane dispersions in water. For the purpose of facilitating calculation of the amount of tethered tertiary amino groups for the above ranges, when there are multiple tethered tertiary amino groups in one tethered or terminal group from the urethane backbone, all of the tethered tertiary amino groups together are counted as a single tethered tertiary amino group. Tethered tertiary amino groups are counted the same regardless of whether they are quaternized or neutralized with an acid component. In one example that does not include any non-ionic colloid stabilizing moiety, the inventors found very effective colloid stabilization using only 0.87 milliequivalents of tethered tertiary amino groups per gram of urethane polymer.

[0123] Chain extender Chain extenders, such as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic diols or amines, having a molecular weight of 18 to 500 g / mol can optionally be used during the formation of the prepolymer and during the dispersion step of the process. Because the prepolymer is formed at high temperatures and generally in the absence of water, less reactive alcohol functionalities are preferred for the prepolymer chain extension to provide better control over temperature and mixing.

[0124] Meanwhile, during the dispersion stage of the process, the chain extender is competing with water for reaction with the remaining NCOs, in which case the more reactive amine functionality is desirable.

[0125] In one embodiment, no chain extender is used.

[0126] In one aspect, chain extenders selected from water, inorganic or organic polyamines having an average of about two or more primary and / or secondary amine groups, or combinations thereof, are suitable for use in the present technology. Organic amines suitable for use as chain extenders are the same diamines and polyamines described above as monomers for preparing polyesteramides and polyamides.

[0127] In one embodiment, the chain extender used to extend the prepolymer is selected from water, ethylenediamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0128] The amount of chain extender typically ranges from about 0.3 to about 1.1 equivalents based on available isocyanate.

[0129] Water dispersibility improving compound In one embodiment, at least one water-dispersibility enhancing compound (i.e., monomer) having at least one hydrophilic, ionic, or potentially ionic group is optionally included in the polyurethane polymers and prepolymers of the present technology to aid in the dispersion of the polymer / prepolymer in water. In one embodiment, a tethered amine monomer or a salt thereof is this water-dispersibility enhancing compound, and its content is sufficient to prepare a stable dispersion without additional measures.

[0130] In another embodiment, additional water-dispersibility enhancing compounds can be used, especially when the content of the tethered amine monomer or its salt is insufficient to prepare a stable dispersion without additional measures. These compounds can be nonionic, anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, or combinations thereof. For example, anionic groups such as carboxylic acid groups can be incorporated into the prepolymer in an inactive form and activated by a salt-forming compound such as a tethered amine compound or an additional tertiary amine. Typically, the carboxylic acid group can be represented by the general formula (HO): × Q(COOH) ywhere Q is a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical containing 1-12 carbon atoms, and x and y are 1-3. Examples of such hydroxycarboxylic acids include dimethylolpropanoic acid, dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA), citric acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, and the like, and mixtures thereof. Dihydroxy-carboxylic acids are more preferred, with dimethylolpropanoic acid and dimethylolbutanoic acid (DMBA) being most preferred. Carboxylic acids can be converted to cationic centers by post-polymerization reactions, such as, for example, reaction of an epoxy quaternary ammonium compound with the carboxylic acid group of dimethylolpropanoic acid.

[0131] Particularly interesting water-dispersibility enhancing compounds are side chain hydrophilic monomers. Some examples include alkylene oxide polymers and copolymers in which the alkylene oxide group has 2 to 10 carbon atoms, as shown, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,897,281, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0132] The amount of such pendant hydrophilic monomers can be as little as 10, or 6, or 3, or 2, or even 1% or less, based on the weight of the final polyurethane, if improved colloidal stability is desired, and as much as 20, or 30, or 40, or even 50% if water or polar solvent absorption properties are required.

[0133] Commercially available side chain hydrophilic monomers include Tegomer® D-3403 from Evonik, and Ymer N90, N120, and N180 from Perstorp.

[0134] catalyst Urethane prepolymers can be formed without the use of catalysts, but in some cases, catalysts can be used to reduce synthesis time or temperature. Examples of catalysts include organotin compounds, tertiary amines, and transition metal compounds. Specific examples of suitable catalysts include stannous octanoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, and tertiary amine compounds such as triethylamine and bis-(dimethylaminoethyl)ether, morpholine compounds such as β,β'-dimorpholinodiethylether, bismuth carboxylate, zinc bismuth carboxylate, iron(III) chloride, potassium octanoate, potassium acetate, and zirconium catalysts K-KAT® XC-9213 and K-KAT® 6212 manufactured by King Industries.

[0135] In one embodiment, the amount of catalyst used to form the prepolymer will typically be from about 5 to about 200 parts per million of the total weight of the prepolymer reactants.

[0136] solvent Any solvent that is non-reactive to any significant extent with respect to the urethane-forming reaction may be used in the present technology, but is not preferred because it introduces volatile organic components (VOCs). The use of a solvent may be desirable to reduce prepolymer viscosity, provide a heat sink, act as a reflux medium, and aid in film formation. Examples of solvents include substituted pyrrolidinones, amides, esters, ethers, ketone esters, ketones, glycol ether-esters, hydrogenated furans, tertiary alcohols, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and the like, and mixtures thereof.

[0137] Specific examples include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isobutyl heptyl ketone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methyl caprolactam, N-methyl valerolactam, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether formal, and dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether.

[0138] The amount of solvent can vary over a wide range depending on the properties of the polymer being produced. About 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of solvent per 100 parts by weight of prepolymer can be used.

[0139] In some cases, it is desirable to remove at least a portion of the solvent from the dispersion. This can be done using a solvent that has a lower boiling point than water. These solvents can be removed from the dispersion by, for example, distillation, vacuum distillation, isotropic distillation, and thin film evaporation.

[0140] Polymer preparation Aqueous dispersions of polyurethane particles are made in accordance with the present technology by forming a polyurethane prepolymer in the substantial absence of water and then dispersing the prepolymer in an aqueous medium. This can be done in any manner. Typically, the formation of the prepolymer is done by bulk or solution polymerization of the components of the prepolymer.

[0141] Once the polyurethane prepolymer mixture is formed, it is dispersed in an aqueous medium to form a dispersion or solution. Dispersing the prepolymer in an aqueous medium can be done by any conventional technique in the same manner as dispersing other polyurethane prepolymers made by bulk or solution polymerization in water. Typically, this is done by combining the prepolymer blend with water while mixing. The prepolymer can be neutralized and / or quaternized before being dispersed in water or immediately after being dispersed. Following neutralization and dispersion in water, the prepolymer is chain extended by reaction with at least one of water, inorganic or organic polyamines having an average of about two or more primary and / or secondary amine groups, polyalcohols, ureas, or combinations thereof.

[0142] In one embodiment, the neutralized and dispersed prepolymer is chain extended with water present in the dispersing medium.

[0143] In one aspect, the tethered polyurethane of the disclosed technology comprises:

[0144] (A) reacting (1) at least one polyisocyanate having an average of about two or more isocyanate groups selected from aliphatic diisocyanates, aromatic diisocyanates, araliphatic diisocyanates, and mixtures thereof; (2) at least one active hydrogen group-containing compound selected from polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polysiloxane polyols, polyacetals, polyester amides, polyester amides, polythiols, and mixtures thereof; and (3) at least one active hydrogen group-containing monomer having a tethered tertiary amine group to form a prepolymer;

[0145] (B) dispersing the prepolymer in water, optionally neutralizing the prepolymer if necessary, and chain extending the prepolymer by reaction with at least one of water, an inorganic or organic polyamine having an average of about two or more primary and / or secondary amine groups, a polyalcohol, urea, or a combination thereof.

[0146] When solvent polymerization is used, solvent and other volatile components can be optionally distilled off from the final dispersion if necessary.If prepolymer contains enough water-dispersibility-improving compounds (such as cationic and optional nonionic monomers) to form a stable dispersion without adding emulsifiers (surfactants), dispersions can be made without such compounds, i.e., if necessary, substantially free of surfactants.The advantage of this approach is that hair care products made from polyurethane exhibit lower water sensitivity, better film formation, and less foaming.

[0147] An additional advantage of the compositions of the present technology over compositions disclosed in the prior art is that the possible solids content is significantly higher. In one embodiment, the dispersions of the present technology typically have a total solids content (i.e., polyurethane solids) of at least about 20% by weight, or at least about 25% by weight, or at least about 30, 31.25, 35, or 40% by weight.

[0148] Aqueous dispersions of at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups that are partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized are relatively hydrophilic when dispersed in a continuous hair color formulation phase, and as the polymer dries, the neutralizing agent evaporates, the polymer reverts to its non-neutralized form, and the polymer becomes hydrophobic. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the polymer forms a hydrophobic film on / in the colored hair substrate, which fixes the colorant on or in the hair, thereby preventing the colorant from leaching out.

[0149] At least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized, is compatible with colorants commonly used in permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary hair coloring compositions.

[0150] In one embodiment, the at least one polyurethane having a tethered tertiary amino group is a polyurethane dispersion prepared from at least one cycloaliphatic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethered tertiary amino group monomer containing two active hydrogen groups, wherein the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

[0151] In one embodiment, the at least one polyurethane having a tethered tertiary amino group is a polyurethane dispersion prepared from a first cycloaliphatic diisocyanate, a second cycloaliphatic diisocyanate different from the first cycloaliphatic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethered tertiary amino group monomer containing two active hydrogen groups, wherein the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

[0152] In one embodiment, at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups is prepared by the polymerization of dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H 12 and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetrahydrofuran, at least one tethered tertiary amino group monomer selected from 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azanediyl)bis(ethan-1-ol) and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azanediyl)bis(propan-2-ol), and mixtures thereof, wherein the tertiary amino group is neutralized with acetic acid.

[0153] In one embodiment, the at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups is polyurethane-10 (INCI name), available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc.

[0154] The amount of at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized, ranges from about 0.004 to about 4 wt.%, or from about 0.2 to about 2.4 wt.%, or from about 0.3 to about 1.2 wt.% (active polymer basis) based on the total weight of the composition. Additionally, the cationic nature of the polymer provides conditioning properties to the polymer.

[0155] The hair color compositions of the present technology can be formulated to be delivered as shampoos, conditioners, rinses, lotions, emulsions, creams, foams, gels, sprays, mousses, pomades, oils, highlighters, powders, pastes, tablets, and waxes. The ingredients and techniques for formulating the permanent, semi-permanent, and temporary hair color products of the present technology are well known to hair color product formulators.

[0156] Supplementary components, additives and adjuvants Product formulations comprising a hair coloring agent and at least one polyurethane having tethered tertiary amino groups, which are optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized in accordance with the disclosed technology, may be combined with various auxiliary components, additives, and cosmetic adjuvants conventionally or commonly included in hair coloring compositions, including, but not limited to, acidifying or alkalizing pH adjusting agents (neutralizing agents) and buffering agents; auxiliary fixatives and film formers, such as nonionic, anionic, cationic, or amphoteric polymers of synthetic or natural origin; auxiliary rheology modifiers, such as viscosity-increasing polymeric natural and derivatized gums, resinous thickeners or gelling agents; additives, such as emulsifiers, emulsion stabilizers, waxes, dispersants, and viscosity control agents, such as solvents, electrolytes; antistatic agents, synthetic oils, ester oils, vegetable or animal oils, ceramides, cholesterol, lecithin, silicone oils, monomeric or polymeric tetrahydrofurans, ... auxiliary conditioning agents such as ammonium nitrile compounds and their derivatives, shine enhancers, moisturizers, emollients, humectants, lubricants, sunscreens; surfactants such as anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic surfactants, and silicone derivatives thereof; polymeric film modifiers (e.g., plasticizers), hair swelling agents (e.g., urea, isopropyl alcohol, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate), tackifiers, anti-blocking agents, wetting agents, and the like; product stabilizers and finishing agents such as chelating agents, opacifying agents, pearlescent agents, proteinaceous materials and their derivatives, vitamins and their derivatives, preservatives, fragrances, solubilizers, colorants (temporary or permanent), such as pigments and dyes, UV absorbers and filters; propellants (water-miscible or water-immiscible), such as fluorinated hydrocarbons, liquid volatile hydrocarbons, compressed gases; and mixtures thereof.

[0157] Auxiliary components, additives, and adjuvant ingredients, products, or materials that may be used in the hair coloring compositions disclosed herein are referred to by their international nomenclature, commonly referred to as the INCI name assigned to them by the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (hereinafter the INCI Dictionary) published by the Personal Care Products Council of Washington DC (formerly the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association) (as found in any edition thereof, e.g., 6th Edition, Vols. 1 and 2 (1995), or 7th and 8th Edition, Vols. 1-3 (1997, 2000)), or by their commonly used chemical names. Numerous commercial suppliers of the materials listed by INCI name, trade name, or both can be found in the INCI Dictionary and numerous trade publications, including, but not limited to, the 2001 McCutcheon's Directories, Volume 1: Emulsifiers & Detergents and Volume 2: Functional Materials (published by McCutcheon's Division), The Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co., Glen Rock, NJ (2001), and the 2001 Cosmetic Bench Reference, edition of Cosmetics & Toiletries®, 115(13) (published by Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL) (2001), the relevant disclosures of each are incorporated herein by reference.Such components and formulations of the compositions are also described in detail in well-known texts such as Cosmetics Science and Technology, First Edition (Sagarin (ed)) (published 1957), and Second Edition (Balsam, et al. (eds) (published 1972-74), and The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetics, Second Edition (deNavarre (ed)) (published 1975) and Third Edition (Schlossman (ed)) (published 2000) (both available from Allured Publishing Corporation); Rieger (ed), Harry's Cosmeticology, 8th Edition, Chemical Publishing, Co., Inc., New York, NY (2000), and various formulations are available to those skilled in the pharmaceutical arts, such as Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fourteenth Edition, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA (1970), the relevant disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0158] solvent The composition can be prepared as a water-free or water-based formulation. The composition may include a solvent in which the hair colorant is soluble / dispersible. The solvent may be selected from water, organic solvents, and combinations of water and organic solvents. Examples of organic solvents other than water include straight and branched chain alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, hexanol, glycols (e.g., 1,2-propanediol, bio-derived 1,3-propanediol), and aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, and the like. Other examples of non-aqueous solvents or diluents include silicones and silicone derivatives such as cyclomethicone, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; natural and synthetic oils and waxes, e.g., vegetable oils, plant oils, animal oils, essential oils, mineral oils, C7-C40 Examples include isoparaffin, alkyl carboxylates such as ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, ethyl lactate, jojoba oil, shark liver oil, etc. Some of the aforementioned non-aqueous cosolvents or diluents may also serve as conditioners and emulsifiers. However, for the purpose of calculating the weight basis in the composition, all liquids listed in this section are considered solvents / diluents.

[0159] Rheology modifiers (thickeners) To provide a composition that adheres well to hair fibers, the composition may include a rheology modifier or thickener that increases the overall viscosity of the composition. The Brookfield viscosity of the composition, measured at 20 rpm and room temperature (20-25° C.), when applied to hair, may be at least 400 mPa.s, or at least 1000 mPa.s, or at least 2000 mPa.s, or at least 3000 mPa.s, and may be up to 10,000 mPa.s.

[0160] To increase viscosity, the composition may include one or more rheology modifiers, which may be synthetic or natural.

[0161] For example, C 10 ~C 32 Aliphatic alcohols such as alcohols, e.g. C 12 ~C 22 Included are alcohols, natural oils, organic clay materials, and polymers of acrylic and / or methacrylic acid, such as carbomers. Exemplary natural oils include mineral oils (mainly C with minor amounts of cycloalkanes) that may be sold as liquid paraffins. 15 ~C 40 Straight and branched chain aliphatic alkanes. An exemplary organoclay thickener is disteardimonium hectorite.

[0162] Exemplary synthetic rheology modifiers include acrylic polymers and copolymers. One class of acrylic rheology modifiers is the carboxyl-functional alkali-swellable and alkali-soluble thickeners (ASTs) produced by free radical polymerization of acrylic acid alone or in combination with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The polymers can be synthesized by solvent / precipitation and emulsion polymerization techniques. Exemplary synthetic rheology modifiers in this class include homopolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, substituted acrylic acid, and salts of acrylic acid and substituted acrylic acid, and C1-C acrylic acid copolymers. 30 and copolymers polymerized from one or more monomers of alkyl esters. As defined herein, substituted acrylic acids contain substituents located on the α and / or β carbon atoms of the molecule, and in one aspect, the substituents are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1~4 The crosslinking agent is selected from alkyl, -CN, and -COOH. Optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, such as, for example, styrene, vinyl acetate, ethylene, butadiene, acrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof, can be copolymerized into the backbone. The aforementioned polymers are optionally crosslinked by monomers containing two or more moieties containing ethylenic unsaturation. In one embodiment, the crosslinking agent is selected from polyalkenyl polyethers of polyhydric alcohols containing at least two alkenyl ether groups per molecule. Other exemplary crosslinking agents are selected from allyl ethers of sucrose and allyl ethers of pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof. These polymers are more fully described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,087,445, U.S. Pat. No. 4,509,949, and U.S. Pat. No. 2,798,053.

[0163] In one embodiment, the AST rheology modifier or thickener is a crosslinked homopolymer polymerized from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, commonly referred to by the INCI name of Carbomer. Commercially available Carbomers include Carbopol™ polymers 934, 940, 941, 956, 980, and 996, as well as Carbopol Ultrez 10 and 30, Carbopol Clear, and Carbopol Style 2.0 polymers available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. In a further embodiment, the rheology modifier is a crosslinked homopolymer polymerized from acrylic acid, substituted acrylic acid, salts of acrylic acid, and salts of substituted acrylic acid, and a crosslinked homopolymer of one or more C acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. 10 ~C 30 and a second monomer selected from an alkyl acrylate ester. In one embodiment, the monomers can be polymerized in the presence of a steric stabilizer as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,288,814, incorporated herein by reference. Some of the aforementioned polymers are designated as Acrylates / C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymers under the INCI nomenclature and are commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Carbopol® 1342 and 1382, Carbopol® Ultrez 20 and 21, Carbopol® ETD 2020, and Pemulen® TR-1 and TR-2.

[0164] In another embodiment, the auxiliary rheology modifier can be a crosslinked linear poly(vinylamide / acrylic acid) copolymer as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,205,271, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0165] Another class of synthetic rheology modifiers suitable for use in the compositions include hydrophobically modified ASTs, commonly referred to as hydrophobically modified alkali-swellable and alkali-soluble emulsion (HASE) polymers. Typical HASE polymers are made up of a pH-sensitive or hydrophilic monomer (e.g., acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid), a hydrophobic monomer (e.g., C1-C2 of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid), and a hydroxypropyl monomer (e.g., ethyl acetate, ethyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl meth ... 30 The associative monomers are free radical addition polymers polymerized from an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable end group, a non-ionic hydrophilic midsection terminating in a hydrophobic end group. The non-ionic hydrophilic midsection comprises polyoxyalkylene groups, e.g., polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or mixed polyethylene oxide / polypropylene oxide segments. The terminal hydrophobic end groups are typically C8 to C9. 40 An aliphatic moiety. Exemplary aliphatic moieties are selected from linear and branched alkyl substituents, linear and branched alkenyl substituents, carbocyclic substituents, aryl substituents, aralkyl substituents, arylalkyl substituents, and alkylaryl substituents. In one aspect, the associative monomer is a polyethoxylated and / or polypropoxylated aliphatic alcohol (typically branched or unbranched C8-C 40 Polyethoxylated and / or polypropoxylated fatty alcohols can be prepared by condensation of C8 to C9 fatty acid monomers (containing an aliphatic moiety) with carboxylic acid groups (e.g., acrylic acid, methacrylic acid), unsaturated cyclic anhydride monomers (e.g., maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride), monoethylenically unsaturated monoisocyanates (e.g., α,α-dimethyl-m-isopropenyl benzyl isocyanate) or ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing hydroxyl groups (e.g., vinyl alcohol, allyl alcohol). ... 40 It is an ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide adduct of monoalcohol containing an aliphatic portion. C8-C40 Non-limiting examples of alcohols containing aliphatic moieties include capryl alcohol, isooctyl alcohol (2-ethylhexanol), pelargonic alcohol (1-nonanol), decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol (C 16 ~C 18 Monoalcohol mixture), stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, lignoceryl alcohol, ceryl alcohol, montanyl alcohol, melissyl, lacceryl alcohol, geddyl alcohol, and C2-C 20 Alkyl-substituted phenols (eg, nonylphenol) and the like.

[0166] Exemplary HASE polymers are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,657,175, 4,384,096, 4,464,524, 4,801,671, and 5,292,843. In addition, an extensive review of HASE polymers can be found in Gregory D. Shay, Chapter 25, "Alkali-Swellable and Alkali-Soluble Thickener Technology A Review", Polymers in Aqueous Media-Performance Through Association, Advances in Chemistry Series 223, J. Edward Glass (ed.), ACS, pp. 457-494, Division Polymeric Materials, Washington, DC (1989), the relevant disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Commercially available HASE polymers are sold by Dow Chemical under the trade names Aculyn® 22 (INCI Name: Acrylates / Steareth-20 Methacrylate Copolymer), Aculyn® 44 (INCI Name: PEG-150 / Decyl Alcohol / SMDI Copolymer), Aculyn 46® (INCI Name: PEG-150 Stearyl Alcohol / SMDI Copolymer), and Aculyn® 88 (INCI Name: Acrylates / Steareth-20 Methacrylate Crosspolymer), and by Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Chromapol™ 5 Polymer and Novethix™ L-10 (INCI Name: Acrylates / Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer).

[0167] In another embodiment, acid swellable associative polymers can be used with the hydrophobically modified cationic polymers of the disclosed technology. Such polymers generally have cationic and associative properties. These polymers are free radical addition polymers polymerized from a monomer mixture containing acid sensitive amino substituted hydrophilic monomers (e.g., dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates or (meth)acrylamides), associative monomers (defined above), lower alkyl (meth)acrylates, or other free radical polymerizable comonomers selected from hydroxyalkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, vinyl and / or allyl ethers of polyethylene glycol, vinyl and / or allyl ethers of polypropylene glycol, vinyl and / or allyl ethers of polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol esters of (meth)acrylic acid, polypropylene glycol esters of (meth)acrylic acid, polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol esters of (meth)acrylic acid, and combinations thereof. These polymers can be optionally crosslinked. Acid sensitive means that the amino substituents become cationic at low pH values, typically in the range of 0.5 to 6.5. An exemplary acid swellable associative polymer is Structure® Plus (INCI name: Acrylates / Aminoacrylates / C 10 ~C 30 and from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade name Carbopol® Aqua CC (INCI name: Polyacrylate-1 Crosspolymer). In one embodiment, the acid swellable polymer is one or more of C1-C5 alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, C1-C4 dialkylamino C1-C6 alkyl methacrylates, PEG / PPG-30 / 5 allyl ethers, PEG 20-25C ...4 alkyl methacrylates, PEG 20-25C alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, C1-C4 dialkylamino C1-C4 alkyl methacrylates, PEG 20-25C alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, C1-C4 dialkylamino C1-C4 alkyl methacrylates, PEG 20-25C alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic 10 ~C 30Alkyl ether methacrylate, copolymers of hydroxy C2-C6 alkyl methacrylate crosslinked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. Other useful acid swellable associative polymers are disclosed in US Pat. No. 7,378,479.

[0168] Hydrophobically modified alkoxylated methyl glucosides, such as PEG-120 methyl glucose dioleate, PEG-120 methyl glucose trioleate, and PEG-20 methyl glucose sesquistearate, available under the trade names Glucamate® DOE-120, Glucamate™ LT, Glucamate™ VLT, and Glucamate™ SSE-20, respectively, from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., are also suitable as rheology modifiers.

[0169] Polysaccharides obtained from the exudates of trees and shrubs, such as gum arabic, gum ghatti, and gum tragacanth, as well as pectins; seaweed extracts such as alginates and carrageenans (e.g., lambda, kappa, iota, and salts thereof); algae extracts such as agar; microbial polysaccharides such as xanthan, gellan, and wellan; cellulose ethers such as ethylhexyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxybutyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl cellulose cellulose ethers; polygalactomannans such as fenugreek gum, cassia gum, locust bean gum, tara gum, guar gum; starches such as corn starch, tapioca starch, rice starch, wheat starch, potato starch, and sorghum starch may also be used in the compositions herein as suitable rheology modifiers.

[0170] In one aspect, a suitable rheology modifier is fermentation derived cellulose (FDC). Fermentation derived cellulose (Diutan gum Sphingomonas fermentation extract) is a bio-based material obtained from microbial fermentation. Another naturally derived cellulose material suitable for use as a rheology modifier is microfibrous cellulose (MFC).

[0171] The rheology modifiers may be used alone or in combination and may be present in the composition at 0.001 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, on an active material basis, for example at least 0.1% by weight, or at least 1% by weight, for example up to 20% by weight, or up to 10% by weight, or up to 3% by weight.

[0172] Surfactants The hair care composition may also include one or more surfactants, such as anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

[0173] In one aspect of the present technology, suitable anionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, alkaryl sulfonate, α-olefin sulfonate, alkyl amido sulfonate, alkaryl polyether sulfate, alkyl amido ether sulfate, alkyl monoglyceryl ether sulfate, alkyl monoglyceride sulfate, alkyl monoglyceride sulfonate, alkyl succinate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl ether sulfosuccinate, alkyl sulfosuccinamate, alkyl amido sulfosuccinate; alkyl sulfoacetate, alkyl phosphate, alkyl ether phosphate, alkyl ether carboxylate, alkyl amido ether carboxylate, acyl lactylate, alkyl isethionate, acyl isethionate, carboxylate salt and amino acid derived surfactant, such as N-alkyl amino acid, N-acyl amino acid and alkyl peptide.Mixtures of these anionic surfactants are also useful.

[0174] In one aspect, the cationic portion of the surfactant is selected from sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, and alkanolammonium ions, such as monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium ions, and monoisopropylammonium, diisopropylammonium, and triisopropylammonium ions. In one embodiment, the alkyl and acyl groups of the surfactant contain from about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms in one aspect, from 8 to 22 carbon atoms in another aspect, and from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms in a further aspect, and may be unsaturated. The aryl group in the surfactant is selected from phenyl or benzyl. The ether-containing surfactant may contain from 1 to 10 ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units per surfactant molecule in one aspect, and from 1 to 3 ethylene oxide units per surfactant molecule in another aspect.

[0175] Examples of suitable anionic surfactants include laureth sulfate, trideceth sulfate, myreth sulfate, C ethoxylated with 1, 2, and 3 moles of ethylene oxide. 12 ~C 13 Palace Sulfate, C 12 ~C 14 Palace Sulfate and C 12 ~C 15 Sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, and ammonium salts of pareth sulfate; sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, ammonium, and triethanolammonium salts of lauryl sulfate, coco sulfate, tridecyl sulfate, myristyl sulfate, cetyl sulfate, cetearyl sulfate, stearyl sulfate, oleyl sulfate, and tallow sulfate; disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, C 12 ~C 14 Included are sodium olefin sulfonate, sodium laureth-6 carboxylate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, triethanolamine monolauryl phosphate, and fatty acid soaps including the sodium, potassium, ammonium, and triethanolamine salts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms.

[0176] In one aspect, the amino acid surfactant is selected from N-acyl amino acids of the formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms, R2 is H or a methyl group, and R3 is H, COO - M + , CH2COO - M + or COOH, n is 0 to 2, and X is COO - or SO3 -and M independently represents H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0177] In one embodiment, the N-acyl amino acid surfactants represented by the formula immediately above are derived from taurate, glutamate, alanine, alaninate, succosinate, aspartate, glycinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0178] Representative taurate surfactants fit the formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain containing from 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment, and from 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment; R2 is H or methyl; and M is H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0179] Non-limiting examples of taurate surfactants are potassium cocoyl taurate, potassium cocoyl methyl taurate, sodium caproyl methyl taurate, sodium cocoyl taurate, sodium lauroyl taurate, sodium cocoyl methyl taurate, sodium lauroyl methyl taurate, sodium myristoyl methyl taurate, sodium oleoyl methyl taurate, sodium palmitoyl methyl taurate, sodium stearoyl methyl taurate, and mixtures thereof.

[0180] Representative glutamate surfactants fit the formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, n is 0 to 2, and M is independently H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0181] Non-limiting examples of glutamate surfactants are dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, sodium capryloyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, sodium olivoyl glutamate, sodium palmitoyl glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, and mixtures thereof.

[0182] Representative alanine and alaninate surfactants fit the formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain containing from 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment, and from 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment; R2 is H or methyl; and M is H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0183] Non-limiting examples of alanine and alaninate surfactants are cocoyl methyl β-alanine, lauroyl β-alanine, lauroyl methyl β-alanine, myristoyl β-alanine, potassium lauroyl methyl β-alanine, sodium cocoyl alanine, sodium cocoyl methyl β-alanine, sodium myristoyl methyl β-alanine, and mixtures thereof.

[0184] Representative glycinate surfactants fit the formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment, and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and M is H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0185] Non-limiting examples of glycinate surfactants are sodium palmitoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium myristoyl glycinate, potassium lauroyl glycinate, potassium cocoyl glycinate, sodium stearoyl glycinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0186] Representative sarcosinate surfactants fit the formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain containing from 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment, and from 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and M is H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolamine.

[0187] Non-limiting examples of sarcosinate surfactants are potassium lauroyl sarcosinate, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, sodium palmitoyl sarcosinate, and mixtures thereof.

[0188] Representative aspartate surfactants fit the formula: [ka] In the formula, R1 is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain containing 7 to 17 carbon atoms in one embodiment, and 9 to 13 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and M is independently H, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.

[0189] Non-limiting examples of aspartate surfactants are sodium lauroyl aspartate, sodium myristoyl aspartate, sodium cocoyl aspartate, sodium caproyl aspartate, disodium lauroyl aspartate, disodium myristoyl aspartate, disodium cocoyl aspartate, disodium caproyl aspartate, potassium lauroyl aspartate, potassium myristoyl aspartate, potassium cocoyl aspartate, potassium caproyl aspartate, dipotassium lauroyl aspartate, dipotassium myristoyl aspartate, dipotassium cocoyl aspartate, dipotassium caproyl aspartate, and mixtures thereof.

[0190] The cationic surfactants present may act as conditioning agents and aid in the heating process by ensuring that the heating device moves smoothly over the hair fibers. Surfactants may also help to increase viscosity, but they are not considered rheology modifiers for purposes of describing the exemplary embodiments herein.

[0191] Cationic surfactant can be any cationic surfactant known or previously used in the technical field of aqueous surfactant composition.Suitable classes of cationic surfactant are alkylamines, alkylimidazolines, ethoxylated amines, quaternary compounds, and quaternary esters.In addition, alkylamine oxides can function as cationic surfactants at low pH.

[0192] Alkylamine surfactants are substituted or unsubstituted primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic C 12 ~C 22It may be an alkylamine, or in some cases a salt of a substance called "amidoamine". Examples of alkylamines and their salts include dimethylcocamine, dimethylpalmitamine, dioctylamine, dimethylstearamine, dimethylsoyamine, soyamine, myristylamine, tridecylamine, ethylstearylamine, N-tallowpropanediamine, ethoxylated stearylamine, dihydroxyethylstearylamine, arachidylbehenylamine, dimethyllauramine, stearylamine hydrochloride, soyamine chloride, stearylamine formate, N-tallowpropanediamine dichloride, and amodimethicone (INCI name for silicone polymer, blocked with amino functional groups such as aminoethylaminopropylsiloxane).

[0193] Examples of amidoamines and their salts include stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine citrate, palmitamidopropyl diethylamine, and cocamidopropyl dimethylamine lactate.

[0194] Examples of alkyl imidazoline surfactants include alkyl hydroxyethyl imidazolines such as stearyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, coco hydroxyethyl imidazoline, ethyl hydroxymethyl oleyl oxazoline, and the like.

[0195] Examples of ethoxylated amines include PEG-cocopolyamine, PEG-15 tallowamine, Quaternium-52, and the like.

[0196] Among the quaternary ammonium compounds useful as cationic surfactants, some have the general formula (R 5 R 6 R 7 R 8 N + )E - where R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8is independently selected from an aliphatic group having 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamide, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl group having 1 to about 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain; E - is a salt-forming anion such as one selected from halogen (e.g., chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and alkyl sulfate. The aliphatic groups can contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, other groups such as ether linkages, ester linkages, and amino groups. Longer chain aliphatic groups, e.g., those with about 12 or more carbon atoms (C in the alkyl chain), are preferred. 10 ~C 32 ) can be saturated or unsaturated. In one aspect, the aryl group is selected from phenyl and benzyl.

[0197] Exemplary quaternary ammonium surfactants include, but are not limited to, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (cetrimonium chloride), cetylpyridinium chloride, dicetyldimethylammonium chloride, dihexadecyldimethylammonium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, octadecyldimethylammonium chloride, dieicosyldimethylammonium chloride, didocosyldimethylammonium chloride, dihexadecyldimethylammonium chloride, dihexadecyldimethylammonium acetate, behenyltrimethylammonium chloride (behentrimonium chloride), benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, and di(cocoalkyl)dimethylammonium chloride, ditallowdimethylammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow)dimethylammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow)dimethylammonium acetate, ditallowdimethylammonium methylsulfate, ditallowdipropylammonium phosphate, and ditallowdimethylammonium nitrate.

[0198] At low pH, amine oxides can protonate and behave similarly to N-alkylamines. Examples include dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)amine oxide, dimethyltetradecylamine oxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide, behenamine oxide, cocamine oxide, decyltetradecylamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl C 12 ~C 15 , Alkoxypropylamine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl cocamine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl lauramine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl stearamine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl tallow amine oxide, Hydrogenated palm kernel amine oxide, Hydrogenated tallow amine oxide, Hydroxyethyl hydroxypropyl C 12 ~C 15 These include, but are not limited to, alkoxypropylamine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, cetylamine oxide, oleamidopropylamine oxide, oleamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, PEG-3 lauramine oxide, dimethyllauramine oxide, potassium trisphosphonomethylamine oxide, soyamidopropylamine oxide, cocamidopropylamine oxide, stearamine oxide, tallowamine tallowamine oxide, and mixtures thereof.

[0199] At low pH, amine oxides can protonate and behave similarly to N-alkylamines. Examples include dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)amine oxide, dimethyltetradecylamine oxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide, behenamine oxide, cocamine oxide, decyltetradecylamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl C 12 ~ 15, Alkoxypropylamine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl cocamine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl lauramine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl stearamine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl tallow amine oxide, Hydrogenated palm kernel amine oxide, Hydrogenated tallow amine oxide, Hydroxyethyl hydroxypropyl C 12 ~C 15 These include, but are not limited to, alkoxypropylamine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, cetylamine oxide, oleamidopropylamine oxide, oleamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, PEG-3 lauramine oxide, dimethyllauramine oxide, potassium trisphosphonomethylamine oxide, soyamidopropylamine oxide, cocamidopropylamine oxide, stearamine oxide, tallowamine tallowamine oxide, and mixtures thereof.

[0200] In one aspect of the present technology, suitable amphoteric surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkyl betaines, such as lauryl betaine; alkyl amido betaines, such as cocamidopropyl betaine and cocohexadecyl dimethyl betaine; alkyl amido sultaines, such as cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine; (mono- and di-) amphocarboxylates, such as sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium capryloamphoacetate, disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, disodium caprylamphodiacetate, disodium capryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, and disodium capryloamphodipropionate; and mixtures thereof.

[0201] The foregoing amphoteric surfactants (i.e., the betaines and sultaines are disclosed without a counterion) so that one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that under the pH conditions of the compositions containing the amphoteric surfactants, these surfactants are either electrically neutral by balancing the positive and negative charges or contain a counterion, such as an alkali metal, alkaline earth, or ammonium ion, as a charge-balancing moiety.

[0202] The nonionic surfactant can be any nonionic surfactant known or previously used in the art of aqueous surfactant compositions. Suitable nonionic surfactants include aliphatic (C6-C 18 ) primary or secondary straight or branched chain acids, alcohols, or phenols; alkyl ethoxylates; alkyl phenol alkoxylates (especially ethoxylates and mixed ethoxy / propoxy moieties); block alkylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols; alkylene oxide condensates of alkanols; and ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymers. Other suitable nonionic surfactants include mono- or dialkyl alkanolamides; alkyl polyglucosides (APGs); sorbitan fatty acid esters; polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters; polyoxyethylene sorbitol esters; polyoxyethylene acids, and polyoxyethylene alcohols. Other examples of suitable nonionic surfactants include coco monoethanolamide or coco diethanolamide, coco glucoside, decyl diglucoside, lauryl diglucoside, coco diglucoside, polysorbates 20, 40, 60, and 80, ethoxylated linear alcohols, cetearyl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, stearic acid, glyceryl stearate, PEG-100 stearate, laureth 7, and oleth 20.

[0203] In another embodiment, the nonionic surfactant includes alkoxylated methyl glucosides, such as methyl gluceth-10, methyl gluceth-20, PEG-20 methyl glucose ether, and PPG-10 methyl glucose ether, and PPG-20 methyl glucose ether, available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Glucam® E10, Glucam® E20, Glucam® P10, and Glucam® P20, respectively; hydrophobically modified alkoxylated methyl glucosides, such as PEG-120 methyl glucose dioleate, PEG-120 methyl glucose trioleate, and PEG-20 methyl glucose sesquistearate, available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Glucamate® DOE-120, Glucamate™ LT, Glucamate™ VLT, and Glucamate™ SSE-20, respectively, are also suitable. Other exemplary hydrophobically modified alkoxylated methyl glucosides are disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 6,573,375 and 6,727,357.

[0204] Other surfactants that can be utilized in the composition are described in more detail in WO 99 / 21530, U.S. Patent Nos. 3,929,678, 4,565,647, 5,720,964, and 5,858,948. In addition, suitable surfactants are also described in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents (North American and International Editions, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch).

[0205] The amount of surfactant utilized in compositions containing exemplary heat-activated agents can vary widely depending on the desired application, but the amount utilized in most cases will generally range from 1% to 80% by weight on an active material basis. For example, the surfactant can be present in the composition at a total concentration of 0.001 to 20% by weight, e.g., at least 0.1% by weight, on an active material basis.

[0206] Conditioning Agent Conditioning agents include any material that is used to provide specific conditioning benefits to hair, scalp, and / or skin.In hair treatment compositions, suitable conditioning agents are those that deliver one or more benefits related to gloss, softness, combability, antistatic properties, wet handling, damage, manageability, elasticity, and stickiness.Conditioning agents suitable for use in the hair coloring compositions of the present technology include relatively low molecular weight cationic compounds and cationic polymers, amphoteric polymers, silicones (e.g., silicone oils, cationic silicones, silicone gums, high refractive index silicones, and silicone resins), organic conditioning oils (e.g., hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, natural oils, and ester oils), and combinations thereof.

[0207] Cationic compounds are non-polymeric compounds that contain at least one cationic moiety or at least one moiety that can be ionized to form a cationic moiety. Typically, these cationic moieties are nitrogen-containing groups such as quaternary ammonium salts or protonated amino groups. The cationic protonated amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines. In one aspect, cationic conditioning agents include quaternary nitrogen-containing non-polymeric and polymeric materials well known in the art of hair conditioning. In one aspect, the auxiliary conditioning agent different from (a) is a compound of the general formula (R 75 )(R 76 )(R 77 )(R 78 )N + CA -where R 75 , R 76 , R 77 , and R 78 two of R are selected from alkyl groups containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms, or aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl groups having up to about 30 carbon atoms, with or without an ester group; 75 , R 76 , R 77 , and R 78 the remainder being independently selected from an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl group having up to about 4 carbon atoms; CA - is a salt-forming anion such as one selected from halogen (e.g., chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate, sulfate, alkyl sulfate, and alkyl sulfonate (e.g., methosulfate and ethosulfate) moieties. The alkyl groups can contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, ether and / or ester linkages, and other groups such as amino groups. Longer chain alkyl groups, e.g., those of about 12 carbon atoms or more, can be saturated or unsaturated or branched. In one embodiment, R 75 , R 76 , R 77 , and R 78 two of R are selected from alkyl groups containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms in one embodiment, 14 to 20 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and 16 to 18 carbon atoms in a further embodiment; 75 , R 76 , R 77 , and R 78 The remainder of R are independently selected from CH3, C2H5, C2H4OH, and mixtures thereof. 75 , R 76 , R 77 , and R 78Any two of CA and the nitrogen atom to which they are attached can be combined together to form a ring structure containing 5 to 6 carbon atoms, one of which can be optionally replaced with a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. - is a salt-forming anion selected from halogens (e.g., chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and alkyl sulfates (e.g., methosulfate, ethosulfate).

[0208] Non-limiting examples of dialkyl quaternary ammonium compounds include dicocodimonium chloride; dicocodimonium bromide; dimyristyldimonium chloride; dimyristyldimonium bromide; dicetyldimonium chloride; dicetyldimonium bromide; dicetylmethylbenzylmonium chloride; distearyldimonium chloride; distearyldimonium bromide; dimethyldi(hydrogenated tallow)monium chloride; hydroxypropylbisstearylmonium chloride; dis Tearyl methyl benzilmonium chloride;Dibehenyl / diarachidylidionium chloride;Dibehenyl / diarachidylidionium bromide;Dibehenyl dionium chloride;Dibehenyl dionium bromide;Dibehenyl dimonium methosulfate;Dibehenyl methyl benzilmonium chloride;Dihydrogenated tallow benzilmonium chloride;Dihydrogenated tallow ethyl hydroxyethyl monium methosulfate;Dihydrogenated tallow hydroxyethyl monium methosulfate;Di-C 12 ~C 15 Alkyldinium chloride; Di-C 12 ~C 18 Alkyldinium chloride; Di-C 14 ~C 18Dihydrogenated palmoyl ethyl hydroxyethyl monium methosulfate; dihydrogenated tallowamidoethyl hydroxyethyl monium chloride; dihydrogenated tallowamidoethyl hydroxyethyl monium methosulfate; dihydrogenated tallowamidoethyl hydroxyethyl monium methosulfate; dihydrogenated tallowoyl ethyl hydroxyethyl monium methosulfate; distearoyl ethyl hydroxyethyl monium methosulfate; and quaternium-82.

[0209] In one embodiment, the cationic compound has the general formula: 80 )(R 81 )(R 82 )(R 83 )N + CA - where R 80 is selected from an alkyl group containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl group containing up to about 22 carbon atoms; R 81 is selected from an alkyl group containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl group containing up to about 12 carbon atoms; R 82 and R 83 is independently selected from an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl group containing up to about 4 carbon atoms; CA -is a salt-forming anion such as, for example, halogens (e.g., chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and alkyl sulfates (e.g., methosulfate and ethosulfate). The alkyl groups can contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, other moieties such as ether linkages, ester linkages, and amino groups. The longer chain alkyl groups, e.g., those of about 12 or more, can be saturated or unsaturated and / or straight or branched chain. In one embodiment, R 80 is selected from non-functionalized alkyl groups containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms in one embodiment, 14 to 20 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and 16 to 18 carbon atoms in a further embodiment; R 81 is selected from non-functionalized alkyl groups containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms in one embodiment, 6 to 10 carbon atoms in another embodiment, and 8 carbon atoms in a further embodiment; R 82 and R 83 is independently selected from CH3, C2H5, C2H4OH, and mixtures thereof; CA - is selected from Cl, Br, CH3OSO3, C2H5OSO3, and mixtures thereof. 80 is a linear saturated non-functionalized alkyl group, and R 81 is a branched, saturated, non-functionalized alkyl group. 81 In another embodiment, the branched group of R is a linear saturated alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 81 is an alkyl group containing 2 carbon atoms.

[0210] Non-limiting examples of asymmetric dialkyl quaternized ammonium salt compounds include stearyl ethylhexyldionium chloride, stearyl ethylhexyldionium bromide; stearyl ethylhexyldimonium methosulfate; cetearyl ethylhexyldimonium methosulfate.

[0211] General descriptions of many quaternary nitrogen-containing compounds, their manufacturers, and their chemical properties can be found in the CTFA Dictionary and the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Vol. 1 and 2, 5th Ed. (Published by the Cosmetic Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Inc. (CTFA)) (1993), the relevant disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Names assigned to ingredients by CTFA or by the manufacturers are used for convenience.

[0212] Other non-limiting examples of quaternary ammonium compounds useful as auxiliary conditioning agents other than (a) include acetamidopropyltrimonium chloride, behenamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate, cetylmorpholinium ethosulfate, cocoamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate, dicetyldimonium chloride, hydroxyethylbehenamidopropyldimonium chloride, quaternium-18, quaternium-26, quaternium-27, quaternium-53, quaternium-63, quaternium-70, quaternium-72, quaternium-76, quaternium-87, PPG-9 diethylmonium chloride, PPG-25 diethylmonium chloride, PPG-40 stearalkonium chloride, isostearamidopropylethyldionium ethosulfate, and mixtures thereof.

[0213] In one embodiment, the auxiliary conditioning agent different from (a) is a quaternary nitrogen-containing ether-substituted ethoxylated alkyl glucoside compound represented by the formula: [ka] In the formula, R 86 represents C1-C5 alkyl, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, R 87 , R 88 , R 89 , and R 90 are independently hydrogen; C1-C22 Alkyl group; C2-C 22 Alkenyl group; -C(O)R 95 where R 95 But C5~C 21 Alkyl or C5-C 21 alkenyl, wherein R 87 , R 88 , R 89 , and R 90 represents a quaternary nitrogen moiety represented by the formula: [ka] In the formula, R 91 is C1-C5 alkylene, such as methylene, ethylene, propylene, or C1-C5 hydroxy-substituted alkylene, such as hydroxymethylene, hydroxyethylene, hydroxypropylene; R 92 , R 93 , and R 94 are independent, C1~C 22 Alkyl, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, decyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, behenyl; C6-C 10 Aryl, e.g., phenyl, tolyl, benzyl; X - is a salt-forming anion such as, for example, halogen, (e.g., chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and alkyl sulfates (e.g., methosulfate and ethosulfate), where the sum of s+t+u+v is in the range of about 1 to about 200, or about 5 to about 100, or about 8 to about 50, or about 10 to about 25.

[0214] In one embodiment, R 86 is a methyl group, and R 87 ~R 90 At least one of the substituents is a quaternary nitrogen-containing moiety, and the remaining R 87 ~R 90 The substituents are selected from hydrogen, R91 is hydroxyalkylene, R 92 ~R 94 Two of the R represent methyl and the other R is not methyl. 92 ~R 94 The remaining substituents are C 10 ~C 22 Alkyl or C 10 ~C 22 alkenyl groups.

[0215] Quaternary nitrogen-containing ether-substituted ethoxylated alkyl glucoside compounds as shown in the structure immediately above are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,138,043, which is incorporated herein by reference. In one embodiment, a suitable quaternary nitrogen-containing ether-substituted ethoxylated alkyl glucoside compound is lauryl methyl gluceth-10 hydroxypropyldimonium chloride, commercially available under the trade name Gluquat™ 125 from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc.

[0216] Cationic polymers are also useful as conditioning agents, either alone or in combination with other conditioning agents described herein. Suitable cationic polymers can be synthetically derived or natural polymers can be synthetically modified to contain cationic moieties. Polymeric quaternary ammonium partial salt-containing polymers can be prepared by polymerization of diallylamine, such as dialkyldiallylammonium salts, or copolymers thereof, where the alkyl group contains from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms in one embodiment, and methyl or ethyl in another embodiment. Copolymers containing quaternary moieties derived from dialkyldiallylammonium salts and anionic components derived from anionic monomers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are suitable conditioning agents. Also suitable are polyampholyte terpolymers having a cationic component prepared from a derivative of diallylamine, such as dimethyldiallylammonium salt, an anionic component derived from anionic monomers of acrylic acid or 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and a nonionic component derived from nonionic monomers of acrylamide. The preparation of such quaternary ammonium salt moiety-containing polymers can be found, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,288,770, 3,412,019, 4,772,462, and 5,275,809, the relevant disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0217] Non-limiting examples of such polymers can be used as described in the CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary / Handbook CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Ninth Ed., Cosmetic and Fragrance Assn., Inc., Washington DC (2002), incorporated herein by reference, via the CTFA website.

[0218] In one aspect, suitable cationic polymers include the chloride salts of the aforementioned quaternized homopolymers and copolymers in which the alkyl groups are methyl or ethyl, and are commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the Merquat® series of trademarks.

[0219] A homopolymer prepared from diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC), having the CTFA designation Polyquaternium-6, is available under the trademarks Merquat 100 and Merquat 106. A copolymer prepared from DADMAC and acrylamide, having the CTFA designation Polyquaternium-7, is sold under the trademark Merquat 550. Another copolymer prepared from DADMAC and acrylic acid, having the CTFA designation Polyquaternium-22, is sold under the trademark Merquat 280. The preparation of Polyquaternium-22 and related polymers is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,772,462, the relevant disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0220] Also useful are amphoteric terpolymers prepared from a nonionic component derived from acrylamide or methyl acrylate, a cationic component derived from DADMAC or methacrylamidopropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC), and an anionic component derived from acrylic acid or 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid or a combination of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. An amphoteric terpolymer prepared from acrylic acid, DADMAC, and acrylamide, having the CTFA name Polyquaternium-39, is available under the trademark Merquat Plus 3330. Another amphoteric terpolymer prepared from acrylic acid, methacrylamidopropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC), and methyl acrylate, having the CTFA name Polyquaternium-47, is available under the trademark Merquat 2001. Yet another amphoteric terpolymer prepared from acrylic acid, MAPTAC, and acrylamide, having the CTFA designation Polyquaternium-53, is available under the trademark Merquat 2003PR. The preparation of such terpolymers is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,275,809, the relevant disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0221] Other cationic polymers and copolymers suitable as conditioners in the hair coloring compositions of the disclosed technology are designated by the CTFA names Polyquaternium-4, Polyquaternium-11, Polyquaternium-16, Polyquaternium-22, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium-29, Polyquaternium-30, Polyquaternium-32, Polyquaternium-33, Polyquaternium-35, Polyquaternium-36, Polyquaternium-37, Polyquaternium-44, Polyquaternium-46, Polyquaternium-47, Polyquaternium-52, Polyquaternium-53, Polyquaternium-55, Polyquaternium-56, Polyquaternium-57, Polyquaternium-59, Polyquaternium-60, Polyquaternium-61, Polyquaternium-62, Polyquaternium-63, Polyquaternium-64, Polyquaternium-65, Polyquaternium-66, Polyquaternium-67, Polyquaternium-68, Polyquaternium-69, Polyquaternium-70, Polyquaternium-71, Polyquaternium-72, Polyquaternium-73, Polyquaternium-74, Polyquaternium-75, Polyquaternium-76, Polyquaternium-77, Polyquaternium-78, Polyquaternium-79, Polyquaternium-80, Polyquaternium-82, Polyquaternium-83, Polyquaternium-84, Polyquaternium-85, Polyquaternium-86, Polyquaternium-87, Polyquaternium-89, Polyquaternium-90, Polyquaternium-91, Polyquaternium-92, Polyquaternium-93, Polyquaternium-94, Polyquaternium-95, Polyquaternium-96, Polyquaternium-97, Polyquaternium-98, Polyquaternium-99, Polyquaternium-100, Poly Polyquaternium-59, Polyquaternium-61, Polyquaternium-64, Polyquaternium-65, Polyquaternium-67, Polyquaternium-69, Polyquaternium-70, Polyquaternium-71, Polyquaternium-72, Polyquaternium-73, Polyquaternium-74, Polyquaternium-76, Polyquaternium-77, Polyquaternium-78, Polyquaternium-79, Polyquaternium-80, Polyquaternium-81, Polyquaternium-82, Polyquaternium-84, Polyquaternium-85, Polyquaternium-87, and PEG-2-cocomonium chloride.

[0222] Exemplary cationically modified natural polymers suitable for use in hair coloring compositions include cationically modified polysaccharide polymers such as cationically modified cellulose, and cationically modified starch derivatives modified with quaternary ammonium halide moieties. An exemplary cationically modified cellulose polymer is a salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethylammonium substituted epoxide (CTFA, polyquaternium-10). Other suitable types of cationically modified cellulose include polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryldimethylammonium substituted epoxide (CTFA, polyquaternium-24). Cationically modified potato starch with the CTFA name starch hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trademark Sensomer™ CI-50.

[0223] Other suitable cationically modified natural polymers include cationic polygalactomannan derivatives such as guar gum derivatives and cassia gum derivatives, for example, CTFA: guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, and cassia hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is commercially available under the trade name Jaguar™ series and N-Hance series from Ashland Inc. Cassia hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is commercially available under the trade name Sensomer™ CT-250 and Sensomer™ CT-400 from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc.

[0224] In one embodiment, the polymeric cationic amphoteric polymer can be present at about 0.05 to about 5 wt.%, or about 0.1 to about 3 wt.%, or about 0.5 to about 2.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0225] silicone Silicone conditioning agents can include volatile silicones, non-volatile silicones, and mixtures thereof.When volatile silicones are present, they are typically used as a solvent or carrier for commercial forms of non-volatile silicone fluid conditioning agents, such as oils and gums and resins.Volatile silicone fluids are often included in conditioning packages to improve the effectiveness of silicone fluid deposition, or to improve the shine, luster, or gloss of hair.Volatile silicone materials are frequently included in formulations to improve sensory attributes (e.g., feel) for hair, scalp, and skin.

[0226] In one embodiment, the silicone conditioning agent is non-volatile, and includes silicone oils, gums, resins, and mixtures thereof. By non-volatile, it is meant that the silicone has a very low vapor pressure at ambient temperature conditions (e.g., less than 2 mmHg at 20°C). In one embodiment, the non-volatile silicone conditioning agent has a boiling point of greater than about 250°C, in another embodiment greater than about 260°C, and in a further embodiment greater than about 275°C. Background information on silicones, including a section that discusses silicone oils, gums, and resins, and their manufacture, can be found in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, vol. 15, 2d ed., pp 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989).

[0227] Silicone oil In one aspect, the silicone conditioning agent is a silicone oil selected from polyorganosiloxane materials. In one aspect, the polyorganosiloxane materials can be selected from polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylsiloxanes, polyalkylarylsiloxanes, hydroxyl-terminated polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylalkylsiloxanes, amino-functional polyalkylsiloxanes, quaternary-functional polyalkylsiloxanes, and mixtures thereof.

[0228] In one aspect, the silicone oil conditioning agent comprises a polyorganosiloxane represented by the formula: [ka] wherein B independently represents hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and phenoxy; R 40 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl, phenylmethyl, a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine; -R 41 -N(R 42 )CH2CH2N(R 42 )2; -R 41 -N(R42 )2; -R 41 -N + (R 42 )3CA - and -R 41 -N(R 42 )CH2CH2N + (R 42 )H2CA - represents a quaternary group selected from the group In the formula, R 41 is a straight or branched chain, hydroxyl substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or alkylene ether moiety containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms; R 42 is hydrogen, C1-C 20 alkyl (e.g., methyl), phenyl, or benzyl; q is an integer ranging from about 2 to about 8; and CA - is a halide ion selected from chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine, and x is an integer ranging from about 7 to about 8000, or from about 50 to about 5000, or from about 100 to about 3000, or from about 200 to about 1000.

[0229] In one aspect, the amino-functional polyalkylsiloxane can be represented by the formula: [ka] wherein B independently represents hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and phenoxy; R 40 teeth, -R 41 -N(R 42 )CH2CH2N(R 42 )2; -R 41 -N(R 42 )2; -R 41 -N + (R 42 )3CA - and -R 41 -N(R 42 )CH2CH2N + (R 42)H2CA - is selected from In the formula, R 41 is a straight or branched chain, hydroxyl substituted or unsubstituted alkylene or alkylene ether moiety containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms; R 42 is hydrogen, C1-C 20 alkyl (e.g., methyl), phenyl, or benzyl; CA - is a halide ion selected from chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine, and the sum of m+n ranges from about 7 to about 1000, or from about 50 to about 250, or from about 100 to about 200, with the proviso that neither m nor n is 0. In one embodiment, B is hydroxy and R 40 is -(CH2)3NH(CH2)3NH2. In another embodiment, B is methyl and R 40 is -(CH2)3NH(CH2)3NH2. In yet another embodiment, B is methyl and R 40 is -(CH2)3OCH2CH(OH)CH2N + (R 42 )3CA - where R 42 and CA - is as defined above.

[0230] The silicone oil conditioning agent can have a viscosity in the range of greater than about 25 to about 1,000,000 mPa·s, or from about 100 to about 600,000 mPa·s, or from about 1000 to about 100,000 mPa·s, or from about 2,000 to about 50,000 mPa·s, or from about 4,000 to about 40,000 mPa·s at 25° C. Viscosity is measured using a glass capillary viscometer as described in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM004, dated July 20, 1970. In one embodiment, the silicone oil has an average molecular weight of less than about 200,000 Daltons. The average molecular weight can range from about 400 to about 199,000, or from about 500 to about 150,000 daltons, or from about 1,000 to about 100,000 daltons, or from about 5,000 to about 65,000 daltons.

[0231] Exemplary silicone oil conditioning agents include, but are not limited to, polydimethylsiloxanes (dimethicones), polydiethylsiloxanes, polydimethylsiloxanes with terminal hydroxyl groups (dimethiconols), polymethylphenylsiloxanes, phenylmethylsiloxanes, amino-functional polydimethylsiloxanes (amodimethicones), and mixtures thereof.

[0232] Silicone gum Another silicone conditioning agent useful in the disclosed technology is the silicone gums. Silicone gums are polyorganosiloxane materials of the same general structure as the silicone oils described above, where B independently represents hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and phenoxy; R 40 independently represent methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl, phenylmethyl, and vinyl. The silicone gum has a viscosity of greater than 1,000,000 mPa·s measured at 25° C. The viscosity can be measured using a glass capillary viscometer as described above for the silicone oils. In one embodiment, the silicone gum has an average molecular weight of about 200,000 Daltons or greater. The molecular weight can typically range from about 200,000 to about 1,000,000 Daltons. It is recognized that the silicone gums described herein may also have some overlap with the silicone oils described above. This overlap is not intended as a limitation on any of these materials.

[0233] Suitable silicone gums for use in the silicone component of the hair coloring compositions of the disclosed technology are polydimethylsiloxanes (dimethicones), optionally having terminal groups such as hydroxyl (dimethiconol), polymethylvinylsiloxanes, polydiphenylsiloxanes, and mixtures thereof.

[0234] Silicone Resin Silicone resins can be included as silicone conditioning agents suitable for use in the compositions of the disclosed technology. These resins are crosslinked polysiloxanes. Crosslinking is introduced by incorporating mono- and / or di-functional silanes with tri- and tetra-functional silanes during the manufacture of silicone resins. As is well understood in the art, the degree of crosslinking required to produce a silicone resin varies depending on the specific silane units incorporated in the silicone resin. In general, silicone materials that have sufficient levels of tri- and tetra-functional siloxane monomer units (and therefore sufficient levels of crosslinking) so that they form a strong or hard film are considered silicone resins. The ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms indicates the level of crosslinking of a particular silicone material. Silicone materials that have at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom are generally silicone resins herein. In one embodiment, the ratio of oxygen atoms:silicon atoms is at least about 1.2:1.0. Silanes used in making silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl-, and methylvinyl-chlorosilane, as well as tetrachlorosilane, with the methyl-substituted silanes being the most commonly utilized.

[0235] Silicone materials and silicone resins can be identified according to an abbreviated nomenclature known to those skilled in the art as the "MDTQ" nomenclature. In this nomenclature system, silicones are described according to the presence of the various siloxane monomer units that make up the silicone. The "MDTQ" nomenclature is described in a publication entitled "Silicones: Preparation, Properties and Performance", Dow Corning Corporation, 2005, and in U.S. Patent No. 6,200,554.

[0236] Silicone materials and silicone resins can be identified according to an abbreviated nomenclature known to those skilled in the art as the "MDTQ" nomenclature. In this nomenclature system, silicones are described according to the presence of the various siloxane monomer units that make up the silicone. The "MDTQ" nomenclature is described in a publication entitled "Silicones: Preparation, Properties and Performance", Dow Corning Corporation, 2005, and in U.S. Patent No. 6,200,554.

[0237] Volatile Silicone The optional volatile silicones referred to above include linear polydimethylsiloxanes and cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes (cyclomethicones), and mixtures thereof. Volatile linear polydimethylsiloxanes (dimethicones) typically contain about 2 to about 9 silicon atoms, alternating with oxygen atoms in a linear arrangement. Each silicon atom is also substituted with two alkyl groups, such as, for example, methyl groups (the terminal silicon atom is substituted with three alkyl groups). Cyclomethicones typically contain about 3 to about 7, and in another embodiment about 3 to about 5, dimethyl-substituted silicon atoms, alternating with oxygen atoms, in a cyclic ring structure. The term "volatile" means that the silicone has a measurable vapor pressure, or a vapor pressure of at least 2 mm Hg at 20°C. Volatile silicones have a viscosity of 25 mPa·s or less, or about 0.65 to about 10 mPa·s, or about 1 to about 5 mPa·s, or about 1.5 to about 3.5 mPa·s at 25° C. Descriptions of linear and cyclic volatile silicones can be found in Todd and Byers, “Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics”, Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 91(1), pp. 27-32 (1976), and Kasprzak, “Volatile Silicones”, Soap / Cosmetics / Chemical Specialities, pp. 40-43 (December 1986).

[0238] Exemplary volatile linear dimethicones include, but are not limited to, hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, and blends thereof. Volatile linear dimethicones and dimethicone blends are commercially available from Dow Corning Corporation as Dow Corning 200® Fluid (e.g., product names 0.65 CST, 1 CST, 1.5 CST, and 2 CST) and Dow Corning® 2-1184 Fluid.

[0239] Exemplary volatile cyclomethicones are D4 cyclomethicone (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane), D5 cyclomethicone (decamethylcyclopentasiloxane), D6 cyclomethicone, and blends thereof (e.g., D4 / D5 and D5 / D6). Volatile cyclomethicones and cyclomethicone blends are commercially available from Momentive Performance Materials Inc. as SF1173, SF1202, SF1256, and SF1258 silicone fluids, and from Dow Corning Corporation as Dow Corning® 244, 245, 246, 345, and 1401 silicone fluids. Blends of volatile cyclomethicones and volatile linear dimethicones can also be used.

[0240] Dimethicone Copolyol Other suitable silicone oils include dimethicone copolyols, which are linear or branched copolymers of dimethylsiloxane (dimethicone) modified with alkylene oxide units. The alkylene oxide units can be arranged as random or block copolymers. A commonly useful class of dimethicone polyols are block copolymers having terminal and / or pendant blocks of polydimethylsiloxane and blocks of polyalkylene oxide, such as blocks of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or both. The polyalkylene oxide terminal hydroxyl groups can be esterified with C10-C22 fatty acids. An example of an esterified dimethicone copolyol is dimethicone PEG-7 isostearate, available under the trade name Silsence DW18 from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Dimethicone copolyols can be soluble or insoluble depending on the amount of polyalkylene oxide present in the dimethicone polymer and can be anionic, cationic, or nonionic in nature.

[0241] In one aspect, the amount of silicone conditioner in the composition of the present technology should be sufficient to provide the desired conditioning performance to the hair, and generally ranges from about 0.01 to about 20 wt%, or from about 0.05 to about 15 wt%, or from about 0.1 wt% to about 10 wt%, or from about 1 to about 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0242] Hydrocarbon Oil The conditioning component of the composition of the disclosed technology can also contain a hydrocarbon oil conditioner. Hydrocarbon oils suitable for use as conditioning agents in the composition of the disclosed technology include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbon oils having at least about 10 carbon atoms, such as cyclic hydrocarbons, straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), and branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), including polymers and mixtures thereof. Straight chain hydrocarbon oils typically contain about 12-19 carbon atoms. Branched chain hydrocarbon oils, including hydrocarbon polymers, typically contain more than 19 carbon atoms.

[0243] Non-limiting examples of these hydrocarbon oils include paraffin oil, mineral oil, saturated and unsaturated dodecane, saturated and unsaturated tridecane, saturated and unsaturated tetradecane, saturated and unsaturated pentadecane, saturated and unsaturated hexadecane, polybutene, polydecene, and mixtures thereof. Branched chain isomers of these compounds and longer chain length hydrocarbons can also be used, including highly branched saturated or unsaturated alkanes, such as permethyl-substituted isomers, such as hexadecane and permethyl-substituted isomers of eicosane, such as 2,2,4,4,6,6,8,8-dimethyl-10-methylundecane and 2,2,4,4,6,6-dimethyl-8-methylnonane (available from Permethyl Corporation). Hydrocarbon polymers such as polybutene and polydecene. A preferred hydrocarbon polymer is polybutene, such as a copolymer of isobutylene and butene. A commercially available material of this type is L-14 polybutene from BP Chemical Company.

[0244] Liquid polyolefin conditioning oils can be used in the hair coloring compositions of the present technology. Liquid polyolefin conditioning agents are typically hydrogenated polyα-olefins. Polyolefins for use herein range from C4 to about C 14The polyolefin liquids can be prepared by polymerization of olefin monomers of the formula (I) to olefin monomers of the formula (II). Non-limiting examples of olefin monomers for use in preparing the polyolefin liquids herein include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, branched chain isomers such as 4-methyl-1-pentene, and mixtures thereof. In one aspect of the technology of the present disclosure, the hydrogenated α-olefin monomers include, but are not limited to, 1-hexene to 1-hexadecene, 1-octene to 1-tetradecene, and mixtures thereof.

[0245] Fluorinated or perfluorinated oils are also contemplated within the scope of the present technology.Fluorinated oils include perfluoropolyethers as described in EP 0486135 and fluorohydrocarbons as described in WO 93 / 11103.Fluorinated oils can also be fluorinated hydrocarbons such as fluoroamines, e.g., fluorocarbons such as perfluorotributylamine, perfluorodecahydronaphthalene, fluoroesters, and fluoroethers.

[0246] natural oil Natural oil conditioners are also useful in the practice of the techniques of the present disclosure, including, but not limited to, peanut, sesame, avocado, coconut, calendula, cocoa butter, shea butter, almond, safflower, corn, cottonseed, sesame seed, walnut, castor, mango, olive, jojoba, palm, palm kernel, soybean, wheat germ, flaxseed, sunflower seed, grape seed, eucalyptus, lavender, vetiver, litsea, litsea cubeba, lemon, sandalwood, rosemary, chamomile, savory, nutmeg, cinnamon, hyssop, caraway, orange, geranium, cade, and bergamot, musk rose oil fish oil, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, glycerol tricaprocaprylate, and mixtures thereof.

[0247] Ester oil Ester oil conditioners include, but are not limited to, fatty esters having at least 10 carbon atoms.These fatty esters include esters derived from fatty acids or alcohols (e.g., monoesters, polyhydric alcohol esters, and di- and tri-carboxylic acid esters).The fatty esters herein may contain or have other compatible functional groups covalently bonded thereto, such as amide and alkoxy moieties (e.g., ethoxy or ether linkages, etc.).

[0248] Exemplary fatty esters include, but are not limited to, isopropyl isostearate, hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, isohexyl palmitate, isopropyl palmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate, decyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, dihexyldecyl adipate, lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, oleyl stearate, oleyl oleate, oleyl myristate, lauryl acetate, cetyl propionate, and oleyl adipate. Other fatty esters suitable for use in the compositions of the disclosed technology are represented by the general formula R 60 C(O)OR 61 where R 60 and R 61 is an alkyl or alkenyl radical, R 60 and R 61 is at least 10 in one embodiment of the disclosed technology, and at least 22 in another embodiment.

[0249] Still other fatty esters suitable for use in the compositions of the disclosed technology include di- and tri-alkyl esters and alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids, such as esters of C4-C8 dicarboxylic acids (e.g., C1-C6 esters of succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, 22esters, preferably C1-C6 esters). Specific, non-limiting examples of di- and tri-alkyl and alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids include isocetyl stearoyl stearate, diisopropyl adipate, and tristearyl citrate. Other fatty esters suitable for use in the compositions of the presently disclosed technology are those known as polyhydric alcohol esters. Such polyhydric alcohol esters include alkylene glycol esters, such as ethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, diethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol monooleate, polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerol poly-fatty acid esters, ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters.

[0250] A non-limiting example of a suitable synthetic fatty ester is P-43 (C8-C ester of trimethylolpropane). 10 triester), MCP-684 (tetraester of 3,3 diethanol-1,5 pentanediol), MCP 121 (C8-C 10 diesters), all available from ExxonMobil Chemical Company.

[0251] The amount of hydrocarbon and natural conditioning oil and ester oil conditioning agents can range from about 0.05 to about 10 wt. % in one embodiment, from about 0.5 to about 5 wt. % in another embodiment, and from about 1 to about 3 wt. % in a further embodiment, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0252] Other oil-based material conditioning agents useful in combination with the polymers of the disclosed technology include materials such as, for example, acetylated lanolin alcohols; lanolin alcohol concentrates; esters of lanolin fatty acids such as isopropyl esters of lanolin fatty acids; polyol fatty acids; ethoxylated alcohols such as ethoxylates and castor oil; sterols; sterol esters; sterol ethoxylates.

[0253] Preservatives In one aspect, any preservative suitable for personal care use can be used in the composition for modifying hair.Suitable preservatives include polymethoxy bicyclic oxazolidine, methylparaben, propylparaben, ethylparaben, butylparaben, benzyltriazole, DMDM ​​hydantoin (also known as 1,3-dimethyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin), imidazolidinyl urea, phenoxyethanol, phenoxyethylparaben, methylisothiazolinone, methylchloroisothiazolinone, benzoisothiazolinone, triclosan, and the suitable polyquaternium compounds disclosed above (e.g., polyquaternium-1).

[0254] In another aspect, acid-based preservatives are useful in the exemplary compositions. The use of acid-based preservatives facilitates the formulation of products in the low pH range. Lowering the pH of the formulation essentially provides an environment that is not suitable for microbial growth, in addition to being suitable for the modification process. Furthermore, formulating at low pH improves the effectiveness of the acid-based preservatives, resulting in a personal care product that maintains the acidic pH balance of the skin. Any acid-based preservative that is useful in personal care products can be used in the exemplary compositions. In one aspect, the acid preservative is represented by the formula R 3 C(O)OH, wherein R 3 is hydrogen, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbyl groups containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms or C6 to C 10 In another embodiment, R 3is selected from hydrogen, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a C2-C8 alkenyl group, or phenyl. Exemplary acids are, but are not limited to, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, sorbic acid, caprylic acid, and benzoic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0255] In another aspect, suitable acids include, but are not limited to, oxalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, glyceric acid, tartronic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, phthalic acid, mandelic acid, benzoic acid, benzilic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0256] Salts of the aforementioned acids are useful as long as they retain their effectiveness at low pH values. Suitable salts include the alkali metal (e.g., sodium, potassium, calcium) and ammonium salts of the acids listed above.

[0257] The acid-based preservatives and / or their salts can be used alone or in combination with non-acidic preservatives typically used in personal care, home care, health care, and institutional and industrial care products.

[0258] The preservative, in one embodiment, may comprise from 0.01% to 3.0% by weight, or from 0.1% to 1% by weight, or from 0.3% to 1% by weight of the total weight of the hair modification composition. Chelating Agents

[0259] Chelating agents can be used to stabilize the composition against the deleterious effects of metal ions. When utilized, suitable chelating agents include tetrasodium EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and its salts, such as disodium EDTA, citric acid and its salts, cyclodextrins, pentasodium pentetate, and mixtures thereof.

[0260] Such suitable chelating agents may comprise from 0.001% to 3% by weight, such as from 0.01% to 2% by weight, or from 0.01% to 1% by weight of the total weight of the hair modification composition.

[0261] Supplementary Antioxidants Examples of antioxidants include, but are not limited to, water-soluble antioxidants, such as sulfhydryl compounds and their derivatives (e.g., sodium metabisulfite and N-acetyl-cysteine, glutathione), lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid, stilbenoids, such as resveratrol and derivatives, lactoferrin, and ascorbic acid and ascorbic acid derivatives (e.g., sodium isoascorbate, ascorbyl-2-glucoside, ascorbyl palmitate, and ascorbyl polypeptides). Oil-soluble antioxidants suitable for use in the compositions of the disclosed technology include, but are not limited to, butylated hydroxytoluene, retinoids (e.g., retinol and retinyl palmitate), tocopherols (e.g., tocopherol acetate), tocotrienols, and ubiquinone. Natural extract-containing antioxidants suitable for use in the compositions of the disclosed technology include, but are not limited to, extracts containing flavonoids and isoflavonoids and their derivatives (e.g., genistein and daidzein), extracts containing resveratrol, etc. Examples of such natural extracts include grape seed, green tea, pine bark, feverfew, parthenolide-free feverfew, oat extract, pomelo extract, wheat germ extract, hesperidin, grape extract, portulaca extract, licochalcone, chalcone, 2,2'-dihydroxychalcone, primula extract, propolis, etc.

[0262] Additional antioxidants include butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), 2,6,-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, gallic acid esters such as propyl gallate, probucol, polyphenols, ascorbic acid and its salts, enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase; citric acid, citrates, monoglyceride esters, calcium metabisulfate, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, vitamin A or beta-carotene, vitamins E and C, tocopherols, e.g., vitamin E acetate, ascorbyl esters, glycer ... esters such as ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl acetate, zinc, copper, mannitol, reduced glutathione, carotenoids such as cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin, and lycopene; cysteine, uric acid, carnitine, taurine, tyrosine, lutein, zeaxanthin, N-acetyl-cysteine, carnosine, gamma-glutamylcysteine, quercetin, lactoferrin, dihydrolipoic acid, tea catechins, retinyl palmitate and its derivatives, bisulfate, metabisulfate, and sodium sulfite, chromans, chromenes and their analogs, lipochroman-6 [INCI: dimethylmethoxychromanol], metal chelators such as EDTA, sorbitol, phosphoric acid, or dGlyage™ [INCI: Lysine HCl, Lecithin, Tripeptide-9 Citrulline]; Ginkgo The active ingredient may be selected from plant extracts such as extracts of Biloba, sage, pomegranate, rosemary, oregano, ginger, marjoram, cranberry, grape, tomato, green tea leaves, or black tea; oleoresin extracts, extracts of plants containing phenols such as vanillin, ellagic acid, and resveratrol; tertiary butylhydroquinone or mixtures thereof, divalent metal salts such as selenium, cadmium, vanadium, or zinc; alpha-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q, idebenone, or derivatives thereof.

[0263] In one embodiment, the amount of antioxidant present ranges from about 0.001 to 30% by weight, or 0.01 to 3% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.

[0264] Spray If desired, any known aerosol propellant can be utilized to deliver the hair modification composition to the surface of the hair to be straightened. Exemplary propellants include low boiling point hydrocarbons, such as C3-C6 straight and branched chain hydrocarbons. Exemplary hydrocarbon propellants include propane, butane, isobutene, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable propellants include ethers, such as dimethyl ether, hydrofluorocarbons, such as 1,1-difluoroethane, and compressed gases, such as air and carbon dioxide.

[0265] In one embodiment, these compositions can contain from 0.1% to 60% by weight, or from 0.5 to 35% by weight, of a propellant, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0266] Fragrances and perfumes Fragrance and perfume components that may be used in the exemplary compositions include natural and synthetic fragrances, perfumes, scents, and essences, as well as any other material that emits a fragrance. Natural fragrances include those of plant origin, such as flowers (e.g., lily, lavender, rose, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (geranium, patchouli, petitgrain, peppermint), fruits (aniseed, coriander, fennel, juniper), peels (bergamot, lemon, orange), roots (mace, angelica, celery, cardamom, costus, iris, calamus), woods (pine, sandalwood, yarrow), and other fragrances. , cedar, rosewood, cinnamon), herbs and grasses (tarragon, lemongrass, sage, thyme), conifers and twigs (spruce, pine, Scots pine, stone pine), and oil extracts from resins and balsams (galbanum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, frankincense, opoponax), those of animal origin, e.g. musk deer, civet, castoreum, ambergris, etc., and mixtures thereof.

[0267] Examples of synthetic flavors and perfumes are aromatic esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and hydrocarbons, such as benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethyl methylphenylglycinate, allyl cyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate, and benzyl salicylate; benzyl ethyl ether; 8-18 alkyl aryl ethers; Included are the straight chain alkanals having carbon atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial, and bougainal; the ionone compounds, α-isomethylionone, and methyl cedryl ketone; anethole, citronellol, eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, lavandulol, nerolidol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, and terpineol, α-pinene, terpenes (e.g., limonene), and balsams, and mixtures thereof.

[0268] Botanical Suitable botanical agents useful herein include, for example, Echinacea (e.g., sp. angustifolia, purpurea, pallida), Yucca glauca, willow herb, basil leaf, hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower extract, hibiscus sabdariffa flower extract, Turkish oregano, carrot root, grapefruit, fennel seed, rosemary, turmeric, thyme, blueberries, bell peppers, blackberries, spirulina, black currants, tea leaves such as Chinese tea, black tea (e.g., Flowery Orange Pekoe, Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe, Fine Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe varieties), green tea (e.g., Japanese tea, Green Darjeeling variety), oolong tea, coffee seeds, dandelion root, dates, ginkgo leaves, green tea, hawthorn berries, licorice, sage, strawberry, sweet pea, tomato, vanilla berry, comfrey, arnica, centella, cornflower, horse chestnut, ivy, magnolia, oats, pansy, skullcap, sea buckthorn, white nettle, and witch hazel may be mentioned. Botanical extracts may also include, for example, chlorogenic acid, glutathione, glycyrrhizin, neohesperidin, quercetin, rutin, morin, myricetin, absinthe, and chamomile.

[0269] Hair Fixatives / Film Formers Polymeric fixatives may be included in the hair wear composition, such as hair fixatives including silicones and siloxanes with 2-ethyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole homopolymer, 3-aminopropylmethyl, dimethyl reaction product with ethyl sulfate, such as polysilicone-9.

[0270] Other commercially available hair fixative polymers / film former polymers can be used, such as nonionic, cationic, and amphoteric hair hardening polymers, cationic conditioning polymers, and combinations thereof. Conventional polymeric hair fixative and hair styling polymers well known in the art include natural gums and resins, and neutral or anionic polymers of synthetic origin. Lists of commercially available hair fixative and conditioning fixative polymers can be easily found in the INCI Dictionary, supplier websites, and trade literature. See, for example, Encyclopedia of Polymers, published in Cosmetics & Toiletries®, 117(12), December 2002 (Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, IL) (relevant disclosures are incorporated herein by reference).

[0271] Suitable commercially available non-ionic polymers (i.e., neutral) for use as hair styling or fixative polymers include, but are not limited to, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylpyrrolidone / vinylacetate (PPVP / VA), and the like. Commercially available cationic fixing polymers include polymers with the INCI name Polyquaternium, such as Polyquaternium-4, diallyldinium chloride / hydroxyethylcellulose copolymers (such as CELQUAT® H-100 from Nouryon), Polyquaternium-11, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers (such as GAFQUAT® 734, 755, 755N from ISP); Polyquaternium-16, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazolium chloride copolymers (such as LUVIQUAT® FC-370 from BASF); Polyquaternium-28, vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymers (such as GAFQUAT® HS-100 from ISP); Polyquaternium-46, quaternized vinylcaprolactam / vinylpyrrolidone / methyl vinylimidazolium methosulfate copolymers; polyquaternium-55, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminopropyl methylacrylamide / lauryldimethylpropyl methacrylamide ammonium chloride copolymers (such as STYLEZE™ W from ISP); and amino-substituted polymers that are cationic under acidic pH conditions, such as vinylcaprolactam / PVP / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers (such as GAFFIX™ VC-713 from ISP); PVP / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers (such as Copolymer 845 from ISP), PVP / DMAPA acrylate copolymers (STYLEZE™ CC-10 from ISP), pyrrolidone carboxylate salts of chitosan having the INCI name chitosan PCA (such as KYTAMER™ PC from Amerchol).

[0272] Suitable amphoteric fixative polymers include, but are not limited to, octylacrylamide / acrylates / butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers (such as AMPHOMER® polymers from Nouryon), acrylates / lauryl acrylate / stearyl acrylate / ethylamine oxide methacrylate copolymers (such as DIAFORMER® polymers from Clariant Corp), and the like.

[0273] Film-forming polymers such as polyacrylic acid and sodium polyacrylate polymeric fixatives, for example, Fixate™ RSP available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, are also suitable fixatives.

[0274] The hair fixative may be present in the composition at from 0.001% to 20% by weight, such as at least 0.1% or up to 5% by weight.

[0275] Emollients, Wetting Agents, and Emulsifiers Exemplary emulsifiers include C 12 ~C 18 Fatty alcohols; alkoxylated C 12 ~C 18 Fatty alcohol; C 12 ~C 18 Fatty acids; and alkoxylated C 12 ~C 18 Fatty acids, the alkoxylates each having 10 to 30 units of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and combinations of ethylene oxide / propylene oxide; C8 to C 22 These include, but are not limited to, alkyl mono- and oligoglycosides; ethoxylated sterols; partial esters of polyglycerol; esters and partial esters of polyols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 30 carbon atoms; partial esters of polyglycerol; and organosiloxanes; and combinations thereof.

[0276] The fatty alcohol, acid, and alkoxylated fatty alcohol and fatty acid are as described above in the description of the emollient. In one embodiment of the technology of the present disclosure, the fatty alcohol and fatty acid are each ethoxylated with 10 to 30 units of ethylene oxide.

[0277] C8~C 22 Alkyl mono- and oligoglycoside emulsifiers are prepared by reacting glucose or oligosaccharides with primary aliphatic alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The products obtainable under the trademark Plantacare® contain C8-C glycosidically linked on oligoglucoside residues with an average degree of oligomerization of 1 to 2. 16 Exemplary alkyl glucosides and oligoglycosides are selected from octyl glucoside, decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, palmityl glucoside, isostearyl glucoside, stearyl glucoside, arachidyl glucoside, and behenyl glucoside, and mixtures thereof.

[0278] Exemplary ethoxylated sterols include ethoxylated vegetable oil sterols, such as soybean sterol. The degree of ethoxylation is in one embodiment greater than about 5, and in another embodiment at least about 10. Suitable ethoxylated sterols are PEG-10 soybean sterol, PEG-16 soybean sterol, and PEG-25 soybean sterol.

[0279] The partial esters of polyglycerol have 2 to 10 glycerol units and are preferably 1 to 4 saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, optionally hydroxylated C8-C 30Representative partial esters of polyglycerol include diglycerol monocaprylate, diglycerol monocaprate, diglycerol monolaurate, triglycerol monocaprylate, triglycerol monocaprate, triglycerol monolaurate, tetraglycerol monocaprylate, tetraglycerol monocaprate, tetraglycerol monolaurate, pentaglycerol monocaprylate, pentaglycerol monocaprate, pentaglycerol monolaurate, hexaglycerol monocaprylate, hexaglycerol monocaprate, hexaglycerol monomyristate, hexaglycerol monostearate, decaglycerol monocaprylate, decaglycerol monocaprate, decaglycerol monolaurate, decaglycerol monomyristate, deca ... decaglycerol monoisostearate, decaglycerol monostearate, decaglycerol monooleate, decaglycerol monohydroxystearate, decaglycerol dicaprylate, decaglycerol dicaprate, decaglycerol dilaurate, decaglycerol dimyristate, decaglycerol diisostearate, decaglycerol distearate, decaglycerol dioleate, decaglycerol dihydroxystearate, decaglycerol tricaprylate, decaglycerol tricaprate, decaglycerol trilaurate, decaglycerol trimyristate, decaglycerol triisostearate, decaglycerol tristearate, decaglycerol trioleate, decaglycerol trihydroxystearate, and mixtures thereof.

[0280] saturated C 12 ~C 30 The fatty alcohol emulsifier is as described in the description of the emollient above. In one aspect of the disclosed technology, the fatty alcohol emulsifier is selected from, but not limited to, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and lanolin alcohol or mixtures of these alcohols, which can be obtained in the hydrogenation of unsaturated vegetable oils and animal fatty acids.

[0281] Emulsifiers based on esters and partial esters of polyols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and linear saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 30 carbon atoms are, for example, mono- and diesters of glycerol or ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol and saturated and unsaturated C 12 ~C 30 It is a monoester with a fatty acid (eg, PEG-3 glyceryl cocoate).

[0282] Partially esterified polyglycerol emulsifiers contain from 2 to about 10 glycerol units and are selected from the group consisting of 1 to 5 saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, optionally hydroxylated C8-C 30 It is esterified with fatty acid residues. In one aspect of the disclosed technology, the emulsifiers can be present in an amount ranging from about 0.5% to about 12% by weight, in another aspect from about 1% to about 15% by weight, and in a further aspect from about 5% to about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the personal care, home care, health care, and institutional care compositions in which they are included.

[0283] Suitable emollients include, but are not limited to, emollients selected from silicone fluids (e.g., the volatile and non-volatile silicone oils described above); mineral oils; petrolatum; vegetable oils; fish oils; fatty alcohols; fatty acids; fatty acid and fatty alcohol esters; alkoxylated fatty alcohols; alkoxylated fatty acid esters; benzoic acid esters; Guerbet esters; alkyl ether derivatives of polyethylene glycol, such as methoxypolyethylene glycol (MPEG); and polyalkylene glycols; lanolin and lanolin derivatives, and the like.

[0284] Mineral oils and petrolatums include cosmetic, USP, and NF grades and are commercially available from Penreco under the trade names Drakeol® and Penreco®. Mineral oils include hexadecane and paraffin oil.

[0285] Suitable fatty alcohol emollients include, but are not limited to, fatty alcohols containing 8 to 30 carbon atoms. Exemplary fatty alcohols include capryl alcohol, pelargonic alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, ricinoleyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, icosenyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.

[0286] Suitable fatty acid emollients include, but are not limited to, fatty acids containing 10 to 30 carbon atoms. Exemplary fatty acids are selected from capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, and mixtures thereof. Exemplary fatty acid and fatty alcohol ester emollients include, but are not limited to, hexyl laurate, decyl oleate, isopropyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, butyl stearate, octyl stearate, cetyl stearate, myristyl myristate, octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate, isostearyl hydroxystearate, octyl hydroxystearate, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, ethylhexyl palmitate, isodecyl oleate, isodecyl neopentanoate, diisopropyl sebacate, isostearyl lactate, lauryl lactate, diethyl hexyl maleate, PPG-14 butyl ether and PPG-2 myristyl ether propionate, cetearyl octanoate, and mixtures thereof.

[0287] Alkoxylated fatty alcohol emollients are ethers formed from the reaction of a fatty alcohol with an alkylene oxide, typically ethylene oxide or propylene oxide. A suitable ethoxylated fatty alcohol is an adduct of a fatty alcohol with polyethylene oxide. In one aspect of the disclosed technology, the ethoxylated fatty alcohol has the formula R'-(OCH2CH2) n’ The ethoxylated fatty alcohols may be represented by -OH, where R' represents the aliphatic residue of the parent aliphatic alcohol, and n represents the number of ethylene oxide molecules. In another embodiment of the disclosed technology, R' is derived from a fatty alcohol containing 8 to 30 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, n' is an integer ranging from 2 to 50, in another embodiment from 3 to 25, and in a further embodiment from 3 to 10. In yet a further embodiment, R' is derived from a fatty alcohol emollient as described above. Exemplary ethoxylated fatty alcohols include, but are not limited to, capryl alcohol ethoxylate, lauryl alcohol ethoxylate, myristyl alcohol ethoxylate, cetyl alcohol ethoxylate, stearyl alcohol ethoxylate, cetearyl alcohol ethoxylate, oleyl alcohol ethoxylate, and behenyl alcohol ethoxylate, and the number of ethylene oxide units in each of the foregoing ethoxylates may range from 2 or more in one embodiment, and from 2 to about 150 in another embodiment. It should be appreciated that propoxylated adducts of the aforementioned fatty alcohols and mixed ethoxylated / propoxylated adducts of the aforementioned fatty alcohols are also contemplated within the scope of the technology of the present disclosure. The ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units of the ethoxylated / propoxylated fatty alcohols can be arranged in random or blocky order.

[0288] Further specific examples of ethoxylated alcohols are Beheneth 5-30 (5-30 refers to the range of repeating ethylene oxide units), Ceteareth 2-100 (e.g., Ceteareth-20), Ceteth 1-45, Cetoleth 24-25, Choleth 10-24, Coceth 3-10, C9-11 Pareth 3-8, C11-15 Pareth 5-40, C11-21 Pareth 3-10, C12-13 Pareth 3-15, Deceth 4-6, Dodoxycycline, and the like. Examples of suitable olethyl acetates include, but are not limited to, olethyl 5-12, glyceryl 7-26, isoceteth 10-30, isodeceth 4-6, isolaureth 3-6, isosteareth 3-50, laneth 5-75, laureth 1-40, nonoxynol 1-120, nonylnonoxynol 5-150, octoxynol 3-70, oleth 2-50 (e.g., oleth-20), PEG 4-350, steareth 2-100, and trideceth 2-10.

[0289] Specific examples of propoxylated alcohols include PPG-10 cetyl ether, PPG-20 cetyl ether, PPG-28 cetyl ether, PPG-30 cetyl ether, PPG-50 cetyl ether, PPG-2 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-5 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-10 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-20 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-30 lanolin alcohol ether, PPG-4 lauryl ether, PPG-7 lauryl ether, PPG-10 Examples of suitable oleyl ethers include, but are not limited to, oleyl ether, PPG-20 oleyl ether, PPG-23 oleyl ether, PPG-30 oleyl ether, PPG-37 oleyl ether, PPG-50 oleyl ether, PPG-11 stearyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, PPG-2 lanolin ether, PPG-5 lanolin ether, PPG-10 lanolin ether, PPG-20 lanolin ether, PPG-30 lanolin ether, and PPG-1 myristyl ether.

[0290] Specific examples of ethoxylated / propoxylated alcohols are PPG-1 beheneth-15, PPG-12 capryleth-18, PPG-2-PPG-2-ceteareth-9, PPG-4-ceteareth-12, PPG-10-ceteareth-20, PPG-1-ceteth-1, PPG-1-ceteth-5, PPG-1-ceteth-10, PPG-1-ceteth-20, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-2, PPG-2-ceteth-1 ...1, PPG-2-ceteth-2, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth-1, PPG-2-ceteth PG-2-ceteth-5, PPG-2-ceteth-10, PPG-2-ceteth-20, PPG-4-ceteth-1, PPG-4-ceteth-5, PPG-4-ceteth-10, PPG-4-ceteth-20, PPG-5-ceteth-20, PPG-8-ceteth-1, PPG-8-ceteth-2, PPG-8-ceteth-5, PPG-8-ceteth-10, PPG-8-ceteth-20, PPG-2 C12-13 Palace-8, PPG-2 C12-15 Palace-6, PPG-4 C13-15 Palace-15, PPG-5 C9-15 Palace-6, PPG-6 C9-11 Palace-5, PPG-6 C12-15 Palace-12, PPG-6 C12-18 Palace-11, PPG-3 C12-14 Sec-Palace-7, PPG-4 C12-14 Sec-Palace-5, PPG-5 C12-14 Sec-Palace-7, PPG-5 C12-14Sec-Palace-9, PPG-1-deces-6, PPG-2-deces-3, PPG-2-deces-5, PPG-2-deces-7, PPG-2-deces-10, PPG-2-deces-12, PPG-2-deces-15, PPG-2-deces-20, PPG-2-deces-30, PPG-2-deces-40, PPG-2-deces-50, PPG-2-deces-60, PPG-4-deces-4, PPG-4-deces-6, PPG-6-deces-4, PPG-6-deces-9, PPG-8-deces-6, PPG-14-deces-6, PPG-6-deces-10, PPG-8-deces-12, PPG-8-deces-14, PPG-8-deces-12 ... Decyltetradeceth-12, PPG-6-decyltetradeceth-20, PPG-6-decyltetradeceth-30, PPG-13-decyltetradeceth-24, PPG-20-decyltetradeceth-10, PPG-2-isodeceth-4, PPG-2-isodeceth-6, PPG-2-isodeceth-8, PPG-2-isodeceth-9, PPG-2-isodeceth-10, PPG-2-isodeceth-12, PPG-2-isodeceth-18, PPG-2-isodeceth-25, PPG-4-isodeceth-10, PPG-12-laneth-50, PPG-2- Laureth-5, PPG-2-Laureth-8, PPG-2-Laureth-12, PPG-3-Laureth-8, PPG-3-Laureth-9, PPG-3-Laureth-10, PPG-3-Laureth-12, PPG-4 Laureth-2, PPG-4 Laureth-5, PPG-4 Laureth-7, PPG-4-Laureth-15, PPG-5-Laureth-5, PPG-6-Laureth-3, PPG-25-Laureth-25, PPG-7 Lauryl Ether, PPG-3-Myreth-3, PPG-3-Myreth-11, PPG-20-PEG-20 Hydrogenated Lanolin, PP PPG-2-PEG-11 hydrogenated lauryl alcohol ether, PPG-12-PEG-50 lanolin, PPG-12-PEG-65 lanolin oil, PPG-40-PEG-60 lanolin oil, PPG-1-PEG-9 lauryl glycol ether, PPG-3-PEG-6 oleyl ether, PPG-23-steareth-34, PPG-30 steareth-4, PPG-34-steareth-3, PPG-38 steareth-6, PPG-1 trideceth-6, PPG-4 trideceth-6, and PPG-6 trideceth-8.

[0291] Alkoxylated fatty acid emollients are formed when a fatty acid is reacted with an alkylene oxide or a preformed polymeric ether. The resulting product can be a monoester, a diester, or a mixture thereof. A suitable ethoxylated fatty acid ester emollient suitable for use in the disclosed technology is the product of the addition of ethylene oxide to a fatty acid. The product is a polyethylene oxide ester of a fatty acid. In one aspect of the disclosed technology, the ethoxylated fatty acid ester has the formula R"-C(O)O(CH2CHO). n”-H, where R" represents the aliphatic residue of a fatty acid and n represents the number of ethylene oxide molecules. In another aspect, n" is an integer ranging from 2 to 50, in another aspect from 3 to 25, and in a further aspect from 3 to 10. In yet another aspect of the disclosed technology, R" is derived from a fatty acid containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms. In yet a further aspect, R" is derived from a fatty acid emollient as described above. It should be recognized that propoxylation and ethoxylation / propoxylation products of the foregoing fatty acids are also contemplated within the scope of the disclosed technology. Exemplary alkoxylated fatty acid esters include, but are not limited to, capric acid ethoxylate, lauric acid ethoxylate, myristic acid ethoxylate, stearic acid ethoxylate, oleic acid ethoxylate, coconut fatty acid ethoxylate, and polyethylene glycol 400 propoxylated monolaurate, and the number of ethylene oxide units in each of the foregoing ethoxylates can range from 2 or more in one aspect, and from 2 to about 50 in another aspect. Further specific examples of ethoxylated fatty acids are PEG-8 distearate (8 denotes a range of repeating ethylene oxide units), PEG-8 behenate, PEG-8 caprate, PEG-8 caprylate, PEG-8 caprylate / caprate, PEG cocoate (PEG without a number designation denotes a range of ethylene oxide units from 2 to 50), PEG-15 dicocoate, PEG-2 diisononanoate, PEG-8 diisostearate, PEG-dilaurate, PEG-dioleate PEG-distearate, PEG ditallate, PEG-isostearate, PEG-jojoba acid, PEG-laurate, PEG-linolenate, PEG-myristate, PEG-oleate, PEG-palmitate, PEG-ricinoleate, PEG-stearates, PEG-tallates, etc. Guerbet ester emollients are formed from the esterification reaction of Guerbet alcohols with carboxylic acids. Guerbet ester emollients are commercially available from the Noveon Consumer Specialties Division of Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the product names G-20, G-36, G-38, and G-66.Lanolin and lanolin derivatives are selected from lanolin, lanolin wax, lanolin oil, lanolin alcohol, lanolin fatty acids, alkoxylated lanolin, isopropyl lanolate, acetylated lanolin alcohol, and combinations thereof. Lanolin and lanolin derivatives are commercially available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. under the trade names Lanolin LP 108 USP, Lanolin USP AAA, Acetulan™, Ceralan™, Lanocerin™, Lanogel™ (product names 21 and 41), Lanogene™, Modulan™, Ohlan™, Solulan™ (product names 16, 75, L-575, 98, and C-24), Vilvanolin™ (product names C, CAB, L-101, and P). Emollients may be utilized in amounts ranging from about 0.5% to about 30% by weight of the total personal care composition in one embodiment, from 0.1% to 25% by weight in another embodiment, and from 5% to 20% by weight in a further embodiment. Although emollients are generally used in personal care compositions, they may be used in home care, health care, and institutional care compositions in the same weight ratios as described for personal care compositions, so long as they provide the desired physical attributes (e.g., wetting properties) in such compositions.

[0292] Suitable humectants include allantoin, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and its salts, hyaluronic acid and its salts, sorbic acid and its salts, urea, lysine, arginine, cystine, guanidine, and other amino acids, polyhydroxy alcohols and their esters (e.g., glycerin, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, hexanetriol, ethoxydiglycol, dimethicone copolyol, methyl glucose dioleate, methyl glucose sesquistearate, and sorbitol), polyethylene glycols, glycolic acid and its glycolate salts (e.g., ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium), lactic acid and its lactate salts (e.g., ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium), sugars and starches, sugars and starch derivatives (e.g., alkoxylated glucose), panthenols such as dl-panthenol, lactamide monoethanolamine, acetamide monoethanolamine, and the like, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the humectants include C3-C6 diols and triols, such as glycerin, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, hexanetriol, and the like, and mixtures thereof. Such suitable humectants typically comprise from about 1 wt. % to about 10 wt. %, preferably from about 2 wt. % to about 8 wt. %, and more preferably from about 3 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of the total weight of the personal care compositions of the disclosed technology.

[0293] Buffer Buffers can be used in the exemplary compositions. Suitable buffers include alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonates, phosphates, bicarbonates, citrates, borates, acetates, acid anhydrides, succinates, and the like, such as sodium phosphate, sodium citrate, sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium carbonate.

[0294] pH adjuster The pH of the composition can be from 1.5 to 9.5, such as at least 2.0, or at least 2.5. In some embodiments, the pH is up to 4.0, or up to 6.5, or up to 8. To provide a selected pH, the composition may include one or more pH adjusters selected from organic and inorganic acids and bases.

[0295] The pH of the composition can be adjusted by any combination of acidic and / or basic pH adjusting agents known in the art.Acidic materials include, but are not limited to, organic and inorganic acids, specifically monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and tricarboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, alpha-hydroxy acids, beta-hydroxy acids, salicylic acid, malic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, alginic acid, glutamic acid, galacteric acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, etidronic acid, and amino acids (such as glycine, taurine, alanine, cysteine, cystine, creatine, valine, glutamine, leucine, arginine, lysine, etc.) and natural fruit acids, or inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, phosphoric acid, and combinations thereof.

[0296] Other acids may also be used, such as carboxylic acids, such as alpha-hydroxy acids (AHA), beta-hydroxy acids (BHA), alpha-amino acids, alpha-keto acids (AKA), and mixtures thereof. In such cosmetics, AHA may include, but is not limited to, lactic acid, glycolic acid, fruit acids (such as malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, etc.), extracts of natural compounds containing AHA (such as apple extract, apricot extract, etc.), honey extract, 2-hydroxyoctanoic acid, glyceric acid (dihydroxypropionic acid), tartronic acid (hydroxypropanedioic acid), gluconic acid, mandelic acid, benzilic acid, azelaic acid, α-lipoic acid, salicylic acid, AHA salts and derivatives, such as arginine glycolate, ammonium glycolate, sodium glycolate, arginine lactate, ammonium lactate, sodium lactate, α-hydroxybutyric acid, α-hydroxyisobutyric acid, α-hydroxyisocaproic acid, α-hydroxyisovaleric acid, atrolactic acid, etc. BHA may include, but is not limited to, 3-hydroxypropanoic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, β-phenyllactic acid, β-phenylpyruvic acid, etc. Alpha-amino acids include, but are not limited to, alpha-amino dicarboxylic acids, such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and mixtures thereof, which may be used in combination with fruit acids. AKA includes pyruvic acid. In some anti-aging compositions, the acidic active agent may be retinoic acid, halocarboxylic acids such as trichloroacetic acid, acidic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), mineral acids, phytic acid, lysophosphatidic acid, and the like. Some acidic anti-acne active agents may include, for example, salicylic acid, derivatives of salicylic acid such as 5-octanoyl salicylic acid, retinoic acid, and its derivatives.

[0297] The basic material includes inorganic and organic bases and their combinations. Examples of inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, alkali metal hydroxides (especially sodium, potassium, and ammonium) and alkali metal salts, such as sodium borate (borax), sodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, and mixtures thereof. Examples of organic bases include triethanolamine (TEA), diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, aminomethylpropanol, dodecylamine, cocamine, oleamine, morpholine, triamylamine, triethylamine, tetrakis(hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine, L-arginine, aminomethylpropanol, tromethamine (2-amino 2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol), and PEG-15 cocamine.

[0298] Such pH adjusting agents may be present at 0.0001% to 50% by weight based on the active component.

[0299] Pearlizing / opacifying agents Some formulations are often opacified by deliberately incorporating pearlescent materials to achieve a cosmetically attractive pearl-like appearance known as pearlescence. Opacifiers are often included in compositions to mask aesthetically undesirable properties, for example, to improve the color of a composition that is darkened due to the presence of particulate ingredients, or to mask the presence of particulate materials in the composition. Opacifiers are also included in aqueous compositions to improve the aesthetics and consumer acceptance of an otherwise aesthetically unpleasant composition. For example, opacifiers can impart a pearlescent appearance to a transparent composition, thereby conveying a creamy, mild, and bouncy appearance to the consumer. Those skilled in the art are aware of the problems that formulators regularly face when preparing stable pearlescent formulations. A detailed discussion can be found in the article "Opacifiers and pearling agents in shampoos" Hunting, Cosmetic and Toiletries, Vol. 96, pages 65-78 (July 1981), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0300] The opacifying or pearlescent materials include organic and inorganic compounds. Typical examples of organic compounds are monoesters and / or diesters of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, or tetraethylene glycol, and the fatty acids contain from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms in one embodiment, and from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms in another embodiment. Such fatty acids include caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, ethylene glycol monostearate (EGMS) and / or ethylene glycol distearate (EGDS) and / or polyethylene glycol monostearate (PGMS) and / or polyethylene glycol distearate (PGDS) are suitable pearlescent agents for use in the composition.

[0301] Inorganic pearlescent agents include those selected from the group consisting of mica, metal oxide coated mica, silica coated mica, bismuth oxychloride coated mica, bismuth oxychloride, myristyl myristate, glass, metal oxide coated glass, various aluminum and magnesium salts, guanine, fish scales, glitter (polyester or metallic), and mixtures thereof.

[0302] Suitable micas include muscovite or potassium aluminum hydroxide fluoride. The platy mica can be coated with a thin layer of metal oxide. The metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of rutile, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, tin oxide, alumina, and mixtures thereof.

[0303] A representative list of opacifying agents is found in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, J. Nikitakis, ed., 1988, page 75. Other pearlescent or opacifying materials are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,654,207, U.S. Patent No. 5,019,376, and U.S. Patent No. 5,384,114, which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0304] In one aspect, the amount of pearlescent or opacifying material can be used in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 10% by weight in one aspect, from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight in another aspect, and from 0.5 to about 3% by weight in a further aspect, based on the total weight of the composition. Other insoluble components

[0305] Other generally insoluble components suitable for use in the present compositions include UV absorbers, antimicrobial compositions, anti-wrinkle and anti-aging compositions, microsponges, cosmetic beads, and flakes. Cosmetic beads, flakes, and capsules can be included in the composition for aesthetic appearance or can function as microcapsules and macrocapsules to deliver benefit agents to hair and skin. Exemplary bead components include, but are not limited to, agar beads, alginate beads, jojoba beads, gelatin beads, Styrofoam™ beads, polyacrylate, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene beads, Unispheres™ and Unipearls™ cosmetic beads (Induchem USA, Inc., New York, NY), Lipocapsule™, Liposphere™, and Lipopearl™ microcapsules (Lipo Technologies Inc., Vandalia, OH), and Confetti II™ flakes for dermal delivery (United-Guardian, Inc., Hauppauge, NY).

[0306] The nature of the hydrophilic cosmetic active ingredient and / or adjuvant can be synthetic or natural, or can be derived from biotechnological procedures, or can be derived from a combination of synthetic and biotechnological procedures. Preferably, the hydrophilic active ingredient of the nanocapsule is thermolabile. A thermolabile active ingredient is understood to be one that shows a decomposition of 0.5% or more after being subjected to a temperature of 80°C for 2 hours.

[0307] The cosmetic active ingredients are selected from, but are not limited to, the group formed by amino acids, peptides, proteins, hydrolyzed proteins, enzymes, coenzymes, hormones, vitamins, mineral salts, nucleotides, nucleic acids, molecules and extracts of biological and biotechnological origin, synthetic or partially synthetic hydrophilic molecules, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0308] The amino acids, their salts and / or derivatives, as well as commercially available mixtures containing them, are for example, but not limited to, selected from the group formed by serine, proline, alanine, glutamate, arginine, glycine, methionine, citrulline, sodium methylglycine diacetate (TRILON® M marketed by BASF), derivatives of amino acids containing cysteine, in particular N-acetylcysteine, ergothioneine or S-carboxymethylcysteine, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0309] Peptides or commercially available mixtures containing them are, for example, peptides for cosmetic use, such as, inter alia, GHK [INCI: Tripeptide-1], Acetyl-Glutamyl-Methionyl-Alanyl-Isoleucine, Acetyl-Arginyl-Phenylglycyl-Phenylglycine, Bodyfensine™ [INCI: Acetyl Dipeptide-3 Aminohexanoate], Relistase™ [INCI: Acetyl Arginyl Tryptophyl Diphenylglycine], Acetyl-Arginyl-Phenylglycyl-Valyl-Glutamate, etc. Lysine, Acetyl-Arginyl-Phenylglycyl-Valyl-Phenylglycine, Diaminopropionyl-Alanyl-Asparaginyl-Histidine, Acetyl-Arginyl-Asparaginyl-Histidyl-Citrulline-Amide, Aldenine® [INCI: Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, Tripeptide-1], Decorinyl® [INCI: Tripeptide-10 Citrulline], Serilesine® [INCI: Hexapeptide-10], Peptide AC29 [IN CI: Acetyl Tripeptide-30 Citrulline], Vilastene™ [INCI: Lysine HCl, Lecithin, Tripeptide-10 Citrulline], dGlyage™ [INCI: Lysine HCl, Lecithin, Tripeptide-9 Citrulline], Eyeseryl® [INCI: Acetyl Tetrapeptide-5], Preventhelia® [INCI: Diaminopropionoyl Tripeptide-33], Argireline® [INCI: Acetyl Hexapeptide-8], SNAP-7 [ INCI: Acetyl heptapeptide-4], SNAP-8 [INCI: Acetyl octapeptide-3], Leuphasyl® [INCI: Pentapeptide-18], Trylagen® [INCI: Pseudoalteromonas ferment extract, hydrolyzed wheat protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, tripeptide-10 citrulline, tripeptide-1], Inyline™ [INCI: Acetyl hexapeptide-30], Melatime™ [INCI: Acetyl tripeptide-40],Thermostressine™ [INCI: Acetyl Tetrapeptide-22] or Liporeductyl® [INCI: Caffeine, Butcher's Broom (Ruscus Aculeatus) Root Extract, TEA-Hydroiodide, Carnitine, Ivy (Hedera Helix) Extract, Escin, Tripeptide-1] (commercially available from Lipotec), Matrixyl® [INCI: Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4], Matrixyl® 3000 [INCI: Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Palmitoyl Oligopeptide], Dermaxyl® [INCI: Palmitoyl Oligopeptide], Calmosensine™ [INCI: Acetyl Dipeptide-1], Biopeptide CL™ [INCI: Glyceryl Polymethacrylate, Propylene Glycol, Palmitoyl Oligopeptide] tide] or Biopeptide EL™ [INCI: palmitoyl oligopeptide] (commercially available from Sederma), pseudodipeptide, IP2000 [INCI: dextran, trifluoroacetyl tripeptide-2] (commercially available from IEB and Atrium), Pepha®-Timp [INCI: human oligopeptide-20], ECM-Protect® [INCI: water (aqua), dextran, tripeptide-2] or Melanostatine®-5 [INCI: dextran, nonapeptide-1] (commercially available from Atrium), Innovations), Timp-Peptide [proposed INCI: Acetyl hexapeptide], Bronzing SF [proposed INCI: Butyryl pentapeptide], BONT-L-Peptide [proposed INCI: Palmitoyl hexapeptide-19], or ECM Moduline [proposed INCI: Palmitoyl tripeptide] (commercially available from Infinitec Activos), IP2000 [INCI: Dextran, Trifluoroacetyl tripeptide-2] (commercially available from Institut Europeen de Biologie Cellulaire), Syn®-Coll [INCI: Palmitoyl tripeptide-5] (commercially available from Pentapharm), Neutrazen™ [INCI: Water,butylene glycol, dextran, palmitoyl tripeptide-8], ChroNOline™ [INCI: caproyl tetrapeptide-3] or Thymulen-4 [INCI: acetyl tetrapeptide-2] (available from Atrium Innovations / Unipex Group), Meliprene® [INCI: dextran, acetyl heptapeptide-1] or Melitane® [INCI: acetyl hexapeptide-1] (available from Institut Europeen de Biologie Cellulaire / Unipex Group), Skinasensyl™ [INCI: acetyl tetrapeptide-15] (available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis), Vialox® [INCI: Pentapeptide-3], Syn®-Ake® [INCI: Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate], Syn®-Coll [INCI: Palmitoyl tripeptide-5], Syniorage™ [INCI: Acetyl tetrapeptide-11], Dermican™ [INCI: Acetyl tetrapeptide-9] (commercially available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis), Kollaren® [INCI: Tripeptide-1, dextran] (commercially available from Institut Europeen de Biologie Cellulaire), Collaxyl® IS [INCI: Hexapeptide-9], Laminixyl IS™ [INCI: heptapeptide], Quintescine™ IS [INCI: dipeptide-4], UC Peptide™ V [INCI: pentapeptide], or AT Peptide™ IS [INCI: tripeptide-3] (available from Vincience / ISP), glutathione, carnosine, and / or mixtures thereof; and peptides of pharmaceutical use, such as glucagon, leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, buserelin, nafarelin, deslorelin, histrelin, avorelin, abarelix, cetrorelix, ganirelix, degarelix, desmopressin,Somatostatin and somatostatin analogues, such as, but not limited to, octreotide, vapreotide, and lanreotide.

[0310] Proteins, hydrolyzed proteins, enzymes and hormones, as well as commercially available mixtures containing them, are, for example, Elhibin® [INCI: Glycine Soja Protein], Preregen® [INCI: Glycine Soja Protein, Oxidoreductase] or Regu®-Age [INCI: Hydrolyzed Rice Bran Protein, Glycine Soja Protein, Oxidoreductase] (commercially available from Pentapharm / DSM), cadherins, integrins, selectins, hyaluronic acid receptors, immunoglobulins, fibroblast growth factors, connective tissue growth factors, platelet derived growth factors, vascular endothelial growth factors, epidermal growth factors, insulin-like growth factors, keratinocyte growth factors, colony stimulating growth factors, transforming growth factor beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferons, interleukins, matrix metalloproteinases, receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases, protein hydrolysates, hydrolyzates vegetable proteins (such as hydrolyzed wheat protein, hydrolyzed soy protein or hydrolyzed whey protein), Lipeptide [INCI: Hydrolyzed vegetable protein] (from Lipotec), Collalift® [INCI: Hydrolyzed malt extract] (commercially available from Coletica / Engelhard), Colhibin [INCI: Hydrolyzed rice protein] (commercially available from Pentapharm), Cytokinol® LS [INCI: Hydrolyzed casein, hydrolyzed yeast protein, lysine HCL] (commercially available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis), Liftline® [INCI: Hydrolyzed wheat protein] or RidulisseC® [hydrolyzed soy protein] (commercially available from Silab), catalase, superoxide dismutase, lactoperoxidase, glutathione peroxidase, milk proteins, casein, lactoperoxidase, lysozyme, glycosidase, stratum corneum chymotrypsin enzyme or SCCE, proteases (such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, styrenic, papain or bromelain), DNA repair enzymes (such as photolyase or T4 endonuclease V), lipase, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), growth hormone, insulin, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0311] The vitamins are selected from the group formed by water-soluble vitamins such as, for example, but not limited to, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B7, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, carnitine, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0312] Extracts of biological or biotechnological origin that can be chemically modified, as well as commercially available mixtures containing them, are for example, but not limited to, selected from the group formed by plant extracts, marine extracts, cell extracts and extracts produced by microorganisms.

[0313] The plant extract may be a water-soluble plant extract, such as, inter alia, chamomile, ivy, lemon, ginseng, raspberry, Roast amaranth, Rehmannias radix, gardenia, carrot, orange, peach, pineapple, gentian, hibiscus flower, walnut leaf, pumpkin, peony, quinoa, bordeaux, rough bindweed, salvia, pomegranate, oregano, ginger, marjoram, cranberry, grape, tomato, green tea, black tea, Aloe Barbadensis, Saphora japonica, papaya, pineapple, pumpkin, sweet potato, Bupleurum Chinensis, Cecropia Obtusifolia, Celosia Cristata, Centella Asiatica, Chenopodium Quinoa, Chrysanthellum Indicum, Citrus Aurantium Amara, Coffea Arabica, Coleus Forskohlii, Commiphora Myrrha, Crithmum Maritimum, Eugenia Caryophyllus, Ginkgo Biloba, Hedera Helix (Ivy), Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Ilex Paraguariensis, Laminaria Digitata, Nelumbium Speciosum, Paullinia Cupana, Peumus Boldus, Phyllacantha Fibrosa, Prunella Vulgaris, Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis, Ruscus Aculeatus (butcher bloom extract), Sambucus Nigra, Spirulina Platensis algae, Uncaria Tomentosa, Verbena Officinalis, Opuntia ficus indica, Salix alba, Lupinus spp., Secale cereale, Tussilago farfara, Achillea millefolium, Aradirachta indica, Asmuna japonica, Autocarpus incisus, Bidenspilosa, Broussonetia papyrifera, Chlorella vulgaris, Cimicifuga racemosa, Emblica officinalis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Ilex purpurea, Ligusticum lucidum, Ligusticum wallichii, Mitracarpus scaber, Morinda citrifolia, Morus alba, Morus bombycis, Naringi crenulata, Prunus domesticus, Pseudostellariae radix, Rumex crispus, Rumex occidentalis, Sapindus mukurossi, Saxifragia sarmentosa, Scutellaria Galericulate, Sedum sarmentosum Bunge, Stellaria medica, Triticum Vulgare, Uva ursi, Whitania somnifera, Aristoloquia clematis, Rosa moschata, Echinacea angustifolia, Symphytum officinale, Equisetum arvense, Hypericum perforatum, Mimosa tenuiflora, Persea gratissima, Prunus africanum, Tormentilla erectea, Solanum tuberosum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Vaccinium angustifolium, Macrocystis pyrifera algae, Padina pavonica, Malpighia punicitolia, Cynara scolymus, Gossypium herbaceum, Panicum miliaceum, Morus nigra, Sesamum indicum, Glycine soja, Triticum vulgare, Glycine Max (soybean), malt, flax, purple gromwell, Gegen Decoction, white clover, hazelnut, corn, beech tree buds, Trifoliumwater-soluble extracts of Red Clover, Phormium tenax, Cinnamommum zeylanicum, Laminaria saccharina, Spiraea ulmaria, Nettle Root, Pygeum africanum, Avena Sativa, Arnica montana, Cinchona succirubra, Eugenia caryophyllata, Humulus lupulus, Hypericum perforatum, Mentha piperita, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus vulgaricus, extracts of plants of the genus Silybum, extracts of legume seeds, extracts of red algae from the genus Porphyra, Phytovityl C® [INCI Aqua, Zea Mays Extract] (commercially available from Solabia), Micromerol® [INCI: Pyrus Malus Extract] or Heather Extract [INCI: Calluna Vulgaris Extract] (commercially available from Coletica / Engelhard / BASF), Proteasyl® TP LS8657 [INCI: Pisum Sativum Extract] (commercially available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis), Radicaptol [INCI: Propylene Glycol, Water, Passiflora Incarnata Flower Extract, Ribes Nigrum (Blackcurrant) Leaf Extract, Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Leaf Extract] (commercially available from Solabia) or ViaPure® Boswellia [INCI: Olivanum (Boswellia Serrata) Extract] (commercially available from Soliance), EquiStat [INCI Pyrus Malus) Fruit Extract, Glycine Soja Seed Extract] (commercially available from Coletica / Engelhard), Litchiderm® [INCI: Litchi Chinensis Peel Extract or Arganyl® [INCI: Argania Spinosa Leaf Extract](LaboratoriesSerobiologiques / Cognis), Dakaline [INCI: Prunus amygdalus dulcis, Anogeissus leiocarpus bark extract] (commercially available from Soliance), Actimp 1.9.3® [INCI: Hydrolyzed Lupine Protein] (commercially available from Expanscience Laboratorios), Pronalen® Refirming HSC [INCI: Triticum vulgare, Silybum Marianum, Glycine Soy, Equisetum Arvense, Alchemilla Vulgaris, Medicago Sativa, Raphanus Sativus] or Polyplant® Refirming [INCI: Cornflower, Asiatic Centella, Fucus, Fenugreek] (commercially available from Provital), Lanablue® [INCI: Sorbitol, Algae Extract] (commercially available from Atrium Innovations), Firmiderm® LS9120 [INCI: Terminalia Catappa Leaf Extract, Sambucus Negra Flower Extract, PVP, Tannic Acid] (commercially available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques / Cognis).

[0314] The cellular extracts and extracts produced by microorganisms or commercially available mixtures containing them are selected, but are not limited to, from the group formed by the water-soluble cellular extracts and water-soluble extracts produced by microorganisms, such as, inter alia, Antarcticine® [INCI: Pseudoalteromonas fermentation extract] and Trylagen® [INCI: Pseudoalteromonas fermentation extract, hydrolyzed wheat protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, tripeptide-10 citrulline, tripeptide-1] (sold by Lipotec), yeast extracts, extracts of Saccharomyces cerivisiae and milk fermentation products by Lactobacillus Bulgaricus.

[0315] The amount of active ingredient contained in the delivery system ranges from 0.00001 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.0001 to 40% by weight, and more preferably from 0.001 to 30% by weight.

[0316] The nanocapsules contain other cosmetic and / or active ingredients and / or adjuvants of any nature, hydrophobic substances, hydrophilic substances and amphiphilic substances, which can be found in solution or in suspension in the lipid matrix or in the aqueous phase of the hair color composition. In particular, the cosmetic and / or nutritional active ingredients and / or adjuvants can be, for example, surfactants, wetting agents or substances that retain moisture, moisturizers or emollients, agents that stimulate healing, coadjuvant healing agents, agents that stimulate re-epithelialization, coadjuvant re-epithelializing agents, agents that synthesize macromolecules of the dermis or epithelium, solidifying agents and / or densifying agents and / or restructuring agents, cytokine growth factors, agents that act on the capillary circulation and / or microcirculation, anti-glycation agents, free radical scavengers and / or anti-air pollution agents. agents, reactive carbonyl species scavengers, 5α-reductase inhibitors, lysyl- and / or prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, defensin synthesis stimulators, bactericides and / or bacteriostatic agents and / or antibacterial agents and / or disinfectants and / or fungicides and / or fungistatic agents and / or pathogen inhibitors, antivirals, antiparasitics, antihistamines, NO synthase inhibitors, desquamating or keratolytic and / or exfoliating agents, comedolytics, antipsoriatic agents, antidandruff agents, anti-inflammatory and / or analgesics, anesthetics, anti-wrinkle and / or or anti-aging agents, cosmetics and / or absorbent and / or anti-body odor deodorants, antiperspirants, fragrances and / or perfume oils and / or isolated aromatic compounds, antioxidants, agents that inhibit vascular permeability, hydrolytic epithelial enzymes, skin whitening or skin bleaching agents, agents that inhibit sweat decomposition enzymes, agents capable of filtering UV rays, agents that stimulate or control keratinocyte differentiation, antipruritic agents, agents that stimulate or inhibit melanin synthesis, color promoters, self-tanning agents, melanocyte proliferation stimulants, liquid propellants, vitamins , amino acids, proteins, biopolymers, gelling polymers, skin relaxants, agents capable of reducing or treating dark circles under the eyes, agents for the treatment and / or care of sensitive skin, astringents, agents regulating sebum production, anti-stretch mark agents, lipolytic agents or agents stimulating lipolysis, venous tonics, anti-cellulite agents, sedatives, agents acting on cell metabolism, agents improving the dermal-epidermal junction, agents for inducing hair growth or retarding hair loss, agents for inhibiting or retarding body hair growth, stimulators of heat shock protein synthesis, muscle relaxants,The active ingredients and / or cosmetic adjuvants and / or nutritional adjuvants may be selected from the group formed by, but not limited to, muscle contraction inhibitors, agents that inhibit the clustering of acetylcholine receptors, anticholinergics, elastase inhibitors, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, chelating agents, plant extracts, essential oils, marine extracts, mineral salts, cell extracts, emulsifiers, agents that stimulate the synthesis of lipids and stratum corneum components (ceramides, fatty acids, etc.), agents obtained from biofermentation processes, and / or mixtures thereof. The nature of these active ingredients and / or cosmetic adjuvants and / or nutritional adjuvants can be synthetic or natural, such as plant extracts, or can be derived from biotechnological processes, or can be derived from a combination of synthetic and biotechnological processes. Additional examples can be found in the CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary & Handbook, 12th Edition (2008). In the context of the technology of the present disclosure, a biotechnological process is understood to be any process that produces an active ingredient or a part thereof in an organism or a part thereof.

[0317] Moisturizing or water-retaining substances, moisturizers or emollients include polyols and polyethers, e.g., glycerin, ethylhexylglycerin, caprylyl glycol, pentylene glycol, propylene glycol and its derivatives, glycereth-26, sorbeth-30; panthenol; pyroglutamic acid and its salts and derivatives; amino acids such as serine, proline, alanine, glutamate, or arginine; ectoine and its derivatives; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide; N-lauroyl-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid; N-lauroyl-L-lysine; N-α-benzoyl-L-arginine; urea; creatine; α- and β-hydroxy acids, such as lactic acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, and their salts; polyglyceryl acrylate; sodium glucuronate, carragenate (Chondrus crispus), or chitosan; glycosaminoglycans and their derivatives, such as hyaluronic acid; aloe vera in any of its forms; honey; soluble collagen; lecithin and phosphatidylcholine; ceramides; cholesterol and its esters; tocopherol and its esters, such as tocopheryl acetate or tocopheryl linoleate; long chain alcohols, such as cetearyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, or octadecane-2-ol; lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, or C benzoate. 12 ~C 15long chain alcohol esters such as alkyl; fatty acids such as stearic acid, isostearic acid, palmitic acid; polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); sorbitans such as sorbitan distearate; glycerides such as glyceryl monoricinoleate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl stearate citrate, or caprylic and capric triglycerides; sucrose esters such as sucrose palmitate or sucrose oleate; butylene glycol esters such as dicaprylate and dicaprate; isopropyl isostearate, isobutyl palmitate, isocetyl stearate, isopropyl laurate, hexyl laurate, decyl oleate, cetyl palmitate, di-n-butyl sebacate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, butyl stearate, butyl myristate, isopropyl fatty acid esters such as linoleate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl cocoate, decyl oleate, myristyl myristate; squalene; mink oil; lanolin and its derivatives; acetylated lanolin alcohol; silicone derivatives such as cyclomethicone, dimethicone, or dimethylpolysiloxane; acetyl-glutamyl-methionyl-alanyl-isoleucine, acetyl-arginyl-phenylglycyl-phenylglycine, or acetyl-arginyl-6-aminohexanoyl-alanine, marketed by Antarcticine® [INCI: Pseudoalteromonas ferment extract] or Lipotec, petrolatum; mineral oil; mineral and synthetic waxes; beeswax (cera alba); paraffin;or waxes and oils of vegetable origin, such as, inter alia, candelilla wax (Euphorbia cerifera), carnauba wax (Copernicia cerifera), shea butter (Butirospermum parkii), cocoa butter (Theobroma cacao), castor oil (Ricinus communis), sunflower oil (Helianthus annuus), olive oil (Olea europaea), coconut oil (Cocos nucifera), palm oil (Elaeis guineensis), wheat germ oil (Triticum vulgare), sweet almond oil (Prunus amygdalus dulces), musk rose oil (Rosa moschata), soybean oil (Glycine soja), grape seed oil (Vitis vinifera), calendula oil (Calendula officinalis), jojoba oil (Simmonsis chinensis), mango oil (Mangifera indica), avocado oil (Persea gratissima), and / or mixtures thereof;

[0318] The disinfectants and / or bacteriostatic agents and / or antibacterial agents and / or disinfectants and / or fungicides and / or fungistatic agents and / or pathogen inhibitors are, for example, among others, macrolides, pyranosides, calcium channel blockers, such as, but not limited to, cinnarizine and diltiazem; hormones, such as, but not limited to, estriol, its analogs or thyroxine and / or its salts, caprylyl glycol, imidazolidinyl urea, methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: methylparaben], ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: ethylparaben], propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: propylparaben], butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: butylparaben], isobutyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: isobutylparaben], 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl) -5,5-Dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione [INCI: DMDM ​​hydantoin], benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate [INCI: benzylparaben], benzyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, salicylic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, 3-p-chlorophenoxy-1,2-propanodiol [INCI: chlorphenesin], dichlorobenzyl alcohol, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, benzalkonium chloride, odor-absorbing fungicides (e.g. zinc ricinoleate), cyclodextrin, benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine, ethanol, propanol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-propylene glycol, undecylenic acid, dehydroacetic acid, N-methylmorpholine acetonitrile (methylmorpholine acetonitrile, MMA), isopropanol, methanol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-Octanediol, pentylene glycol, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl caprate, benzoyl peroxide, chlorhexidine gluconate, triclosan and its derivatives, phenoxyethanol, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, resorcinol, stiemycin, erythromycin, neomycin, clindamycin and its esters, tetracycline, metronidazole, azelaic acid, tolnaftate, nystatin, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, zinc derivatives (such as zinc pyrithione or trithione, zinc oxide and zinc undecylenate), piroctone olamine, isothiazolinone, selenium sulfur, benzyl hemiformal, boric acid, sodium borate thorium, 6,6-dibromo-4,4-dichloro-2,2'-methylenediphenol [INCI: Bromochlorophene], 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane, sodium tosylchloramide [INCI: Chloramine T], chloroacetamide, p-chloro-m-cresol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol [INCI: Chlorphene], dimethyloxazolidine, dodecyldimethyl-2-phenoxyethylammonium bromide [INCI: Domiphen bromide], 7-ethylbicyclooxazolidine, hexetidine, glutaraldehyde, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-urea [INCI: Cloflucarban], 2-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-2,4,6-Cycloheptatrien-1-one [INCI: Hinokitiol], isopropylmethylphenol, mercury salts, aluminum salts, nisin, phenoxyisopropanol, o-phenylphenol, 3-heptyl-2-[(3-heptyl-4-methyl-3H-thiazol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methylthiazole iodide [INCI: Quaternium-73], silver chloride, sodium iodide, thymol, undecylenic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, ethyl Salts of diaminetetraacetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetate, lactoperoxidase, glucose oxidase, lactoferrin, alkylarylsulfonates, halogenated phenols, phenol mercuric acetates and / or mixtures thereof, benzamidines, isothiazolinones, derivatives of phthalimides, derivatives of pyridine, guanidines, quinolines, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, iodo-2-propyl butylcarbamate, iodine, iodophors (tamed iodine), peroxo compounds, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,2'-methylene-bis(6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 3-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)phenol, 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,2-propanediol, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), thiamine essence, eugenol, farnesol, glyceryl monolaurate, diglyceryl monocaprinate, N-alkylsalicylic acid amides (such as n-octyl salicylic acid amide or n-decyl salicylic acid amide), halogenated xylene and cresol derivatives (such as p-chloro-meta-cresol or p-chloro-meta-xylene), Allium sativum, Calendula officinalis, Chamomilla recutita, Echinacea Purpura, Hyssopus Officinalis, Melaleuca alternifolia extracts, or the group formed by tea tree oil, carnation essence, menthol and mint essence, but are not limited to these.

[0319] Hair growth inducers, agents acting on capillary circulation and / or microcirculation, or hair loss retardants include, for example, extracts of Tussilago farfara or Achillea millefolium, nicotinic acid esters, for example, C3-C6 alkyl nicotinates such as methyl or hexyl nicotinate, benzyl nicotinate, or tocopheryl nicotinate; biotin, 5α-reductase inhibitors, anti-inflammatory agents, retinoids, for example, but not limited to, all-trans-retinoic acid or tretinoin, isotretinoin, retinol, or vitamin A, and derivatives thereof, for example, acetate, palmitate, propionate, motretinide, etoleate, acetylglucosamine ... zinc salts of retinoate, and trans-retinoate; antibacterial agents, calcium channel blockers, such as, but not limited to, cinnarizine and diltiazem; hormones, such as, but not limited to, estriol, its analogs or thyroxine, its analogs and / or salts; antiandrogens, such as, but not limited to, oxendolone, spironolactone, or diethylstilbestrol; antiradical agents, esterified oligosaccharides, such as, but not limited to, those described in EP 0211610 and EP 0 064012; derivatives of hexosaccharic acids, such as, but not limited to, glucosaccharic acid or those described in EP 0375388; glucosidase inhibitors, such as, but not limited to, D-glucaro-1,5-lactam or those described in EP 0334586; glycosaminoglycanase and proteoglycanase inhibitors, such as, but not limited to, L-galactono-1,4-lactone or those described in EP 0277428; tyrosine Kinase inhibitors, such as, but not limited to, 1-amido-1-cyano(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene or those described in European Patent No. 0403238, such as, but not limited to, 7-(acetylthio)-4',5'-dihydrospiro[androst-4-ene-17,2'-(3H)furan]-3-one, 1,1-dioxide of 3-methyl-7-chloro[2H]-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine or spirooxazine; phospholipids, such as, but not limited to, lecithin;They are selected from the group formed by, but not limited to, salicylic acid and its derivatives, hydroxycarboxylic or ketocarboxylic acids and their esters, lactones and their salts; anthralin, eicosa-5,8,11-trienoic acid and its esters or amides, and especially minoxidil and its derivatives or mixtures;

[0320] Antioxidants include, for example, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, gallic acid esters such as propyl gallate, probucol, polyphenols, ascorbic acid and its salts, enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase; citric acid, citrates, monoglyceride esters, calcium metabisulfate, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, vitamin A or β-carotene, vitamins E and C, tocopherols such as vitamin E acetate, ascorbic acid esters such as ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl acetate, zinc, Copper, mannitol, reduced glutathione, carotenoids such as cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin, and lycopene; cysteine, uric acid, carnitine, taurine, tyrosine, lutein, zeaxanthin, N-acetyl-cysteine, carnosine, gamma-glutamylcysteine, quercetin, lactoferrin, dihydrolipoic acid, tea catechins, retinyl palmitate and its derivatives, bisulfite, metabisulfite, and sodium sulfite, chromans, chromenes and their analogs, lipochroman-6 [INCI: dimethylmethoxychromanol], metal chelators such as EDTA, sorbitol, phosphoric acid, or dGlyage™ [INCI: Lysine HCl, Lecithin, Tripeptide-9 Citrulline]; Ginkgo Plant extracts such as extracts of Biloba, sage, pomegranate, rosemary, oregano, ginger, marjoram, cranberry, grape, tomato, green tea, or black tea; oleoresin extracts, extracts of plants containing phenols such as vanillin, ellagic acid, and resveratrol; tertiary butylhydroquinone or mixtures thereof, divalent metal salts such as selenium, cadmium, vanadium, or zinc; alpha-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q, idebenone, or derivatives thereof, but are not limited to these.

[0321] Agents capable of filtering UV rays are organic or mineral photoprotective agents active against UVA and / or UVB rays, such as substituted benzotriazoles, substituted diphenylacrylates, organic nickel complexes, umbelliferone, urocanic acid, biphenyl derivatives, stilbenes, 3-benzylidene camphor and derivatives thereof, such as 3-(4-methylbenzylidene) camphor; derivatives of 4-aminobenzoic acid, 2-ethylhexyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate, 2-octyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate and amyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate; 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate or diethylaminohydroxybenzoylhexylbenzoate, propyl 4-methoxycinnamate, isoamyl 4-methoxycinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl(octocrylene) 2-cyano-3,3-phenyl cinnamates such as cinnamate;salicylates such as 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-isopropylbenzyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate;benzophenone derivatives such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;benzalmalonates such as di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzalmalonate;triazine derivatives such as 2,4,6-trianilino, p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy-1,3,5-triazine, octyl triazone, or dioctylbutamido triazone;propane-1,3-diones such as 1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dione;ketotricyclo(5.2.1.0) Decane derivatives; 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid; benzophenone sulfonic acid derivatives such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and their salts; 4-(2-oxo-3-bornylidenemethyl)benzenesulfonic acid, benzoylmethane derivatives such as benzoylmethane 2-methyl-5-(2-oxo-3-bornylidene)sulfonic acid, for example, 1-(4'-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dione, 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane, 1-phenyl-3-(4'-isopropylphenyl)-propane-1,3-dione The amines are selected from the group formed by, but not limited to, amines, enamine compounds, anthranilates, silicon, benzimidazole derivatives, imidazolines, benzoyl derivatives, Chromabright™ [INCI: dimethyl methoxychromanyl palmitate] or Preventhelia® [INCI: diaminopropionoyl tripeptide-33] (both commercially available from Lipotec), metal oxides such as zinc oxide, titanium, iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum, and cerium; silicates, talc, barium sulfate, zinc stearate, carbon nanotubes, and / or mixtures thereof.

[0322] The following examples further describe and demonstrate embodiments within the scope of the present technology. These examples are presented for illustrative purposes only and should not be interpreted as limitations of the present technology, since many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present technology. Unless otherwise specified, weight percent (wt%) is given by weight percent based on the weight of the total composition. The amounts of all ingredients reported in the example tables are "as supplied" by the manufacturer. Any ingredient that is not supplied as 100 percent active is identified by the active material percentage supplied by the manufacturer. To calculate the amount of active ingredient utilized in the exemplified composition, multiply the active material percentage by the total amount of the ingredient (as supplied). For example, if the ingredient supplied by the manufacturer contains 30% by weight of active polymeric material, the remainder is an inert carrier component.

[0323] Example 1 (PUD synthesis) Polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) 1000 (1,536 grams), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H 12 MDI (747 grams), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (633 grams) were reacted for approximately 1 hour at 215-225°F (102-107°C) under a blanket of dry nitrogen. The reaction mixture was cooled to 170°F (77°C) and 314 grams of Jeffcat™ DPA tethered amine monomer was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 175-185°F (79-85°C) for 40 minutes to produce an NCO-terminated prepolymer. The mixture was cooled to 145°F (63°C) and 69 grams of glacial acetic acid was added over 15 minutes with stirring. A portion of the partially neutralized prepolymer (3,060 grams) was added to 4,000 grams of water at 65°F (18°C) containing 98 grams of glacial acetic acid and 5 grams of DeeFo™ 97-3 defoamer with mixing over a period of about 10-15 minutes to form an aqueous dispersion of cationic NCO-terminated polyurethane prepolymer. The remaining NCO was allowed to react with the water overnight, thereby producing a clean (free of coagulum and flocs), stable aqueous dispersion of cationic polyurethane with properties of total solids content -43.6%, pH 4.7, and Brookfield viscosity -70 cP. The mean diameter of the particle size distribution was 26 nm (measured by Malvern and reported as intensity averaged Gaussian). The weight average molecular weight was measured to be 42,500 g / mol. The ultimate tensile was measured to be 3,750 psi (standard deviation = 170 psi), with an elongation at break of -620% (standard deviation = 30%), and a modulus at 100% elongation of -1,025 psi (standard deviation = 35 psi).

[0324] Example 2 (Permanent Hair Coloring Composition) Oxidative hair colorants containing oxidative dye precursors and dye couplers were formulated from the ingredients and amounts listed in Table 1. Formulation A was prepared with a tethered tertiary amine polyurethane of the present technology, while formulations B and C were prepared with a nonionic polyurethane and a cationic polyurethane, respectively. Formulation D was prepared using a benchmark amphoteric polymer commonly used in oxidative hair coloring systems. Formulation D is a blank formulation that does not contain any polymer. [Table 1] 1 Comparative formulation 2 Brookfield® Viscometer Model DV-II+Pro (25°C, 10 rpm, spindle 6)

[0325] The ingredients of the permanent hair color composition were formulated according to the following procedure.

[0326] Add deionized water to the beaker and start the mixer at medium speed (500 rpm).

[0327] Add ingredients No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 and mix until uniform.

[0328] In a separate beaker, add Phase A ingredients Nos. 5 through 7 and mix thoroughly. Add this to the batch.

[0329] 2. Use deionized water Component No. 8 to rinse the beaker and add the rinse to the main batch.

[0330] Cover the batch with foil to prevent air from getting in. Blanket the batch with nitrogen to prevent oxidation.

[0331] Add Phase A ingredients Nos. 9-12 to the main batch. After ingredients are added, cover the batch to seal out the air. Mix until homogenous.

[0332] Begin heating the batch to 65-70°C.

[0333] Add Phase B ingredients to a separate beaker and heat to 65-70°C.

[0334] Add this to the main batch and mix at high speed (900 rpm) for 15 minutes until homogenous while maintaining the temperature at 65-70° C. After the addition of Phase B, cover the batch to seal out the air.

[0335] Begin to cool the batch to 50° C. Keep the batch covered with foil.

[0336] Add Phase C Ingredient No. 19 at 50°C and mix until homogenous.

[0337] The batch is cooled to 30°C.

[0338] Add Phase C ingredients Nos. 20-22, one at a time, mixing until homogeneous. Cover batch after each addition to seal out air. Blanket batch with nitrogen to prevent oxidation.

[0339] Homogenize the batch using a laboratory homogenizer at 1000 rpm for 1-2 minutes.

[0340] Staining protocol Each of the color formulations described in Table 1 was mixed with a commercially available color developer (Matrix 20 V color developer) in a 1:1 weight ratio and immediately applied to snow-white blonde hair swatches (International Hair Importers) each measuring 6 inches long by 3 / 4 inch wide and weighing 2.5 grams, including a flexible swatch tie. The swatches were prepared according to the following procedure.

[0341] 1. Hair swatches were placed on plastic wrap with no overlapping. 5 grams of coloring composition was applied evenly to one side of the swatch, followed by 5 grams applied to the other side. After the hair color composition was applied to the swatch, a color application brush was used to work the composition into the hair.

[0342] 2. Treated swatches were wrapped in plastic and allowed to develop for 30 minutes.

[0343] 3. After 10 minutes, the wrapped swatch was gently smoothed from root to tip with fingers, repeating twice.

[0344] 4. After 30 minutes (step 2), the treated swatches were rinsed with tap water flowing at 3.8 L / min for 1 minute at a temperature of 38-40°C.

[0345] 5. The rinsed swatches were then shampooed with a 10% sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES-2) solution according to the following procedure.

[0346] 6. Determine and record the dry weight of each pre-washed swatch. Place a weighing board on the balance and tare. Wet the swatch under deionized water from root to tip with 10 strokes. Lightly squeeze out excess water and place the swatch on the weighing board. The dilution should be 1:5. Record the weight of the swatch.

[0347] 7. Apply 0.4 g of SLES-2 Shampoo. Using 2-3 strokes of the finger, distribute the product along the length of the swatch to both sides of the swatch.

[0348] 8. Gently massage the product into the hair swatch with 20 strokes for 40 seconds (2 seconds per stroke). Massage the product in one direction from root to tip. Use horizontal and vertical shear to distribute the product. Flip and massage the swatch after the first 20 seconds to ensure proper distribution of the product.

[0349] 9. Rinse hair swatches thoroughly with tap water (shower mode) for 45 seconds. Set the water temperature to 38°C (± 2°C) and the flow rate to 3.8 L / min or 1 gal / min. Massage the swatch while rinsing by gently holding the swatch between your index and middle fingers and running your index and middle fingers from base to tip of the swatch. Use 20 strokes and massage at a rate of 2-2.5 seconds per stroke while rinsing.

[0350] 10. Dry overnight in a humidity chamber at room temperature and 55-60% relative humidity.

[0351] Color measurement The color of three swatches was measured for each formulation using a Hunter LabScan™ XE colorimeter using the L, a, b scale. Color was measured on swatches treated with formulations A, B, C, and D formulated in Table 1. In the Hunter L, a, b scale, "L" is a measure of lightness, ranging from 100 for completely white to 0 for completely black. Delta L corresponds to the difference in chroma (intensity) of treated hair swatches before and after washing. A lower ΔL corresponds to a lesser amount of color dulling. "a" is a measure of redness when the value of "a" is positive and a measure of greenness when it is negative. Delta "a" is a measure of the lightness or darkness of the color before and after washing. A lower Δa indicates better color protection. "b" is a measure of yellowness when the value of "b" is positive and a measure of blueness when it is negative. E (total color value) is calculated as E=(L 2 +a 2 +b 2 ) 1 / 2 and the resulting ΔE is the total color change or color difference in the treated hair before and after washing.

[0352] The L values ​​of the swatches after one wash were measured and recorded to confirm the improvement in color strength and saturation, and the results are presented in Table 2. [Table 2] 1The test formulation was mixed with the color developer in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0353] The permanent hair color formulated with Formulation A containing the polymer of the disclosed technology improves the color intensity and saturation of the colored hair. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the polymer of the disclosed technology aids in the penetration of the dye deep inside the hair follicle. The lower the L value, the darker and more vivid the color.

[0354] Permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 preserves color for up to 30 washes. Lower ΔE values ​​indicate hair color retention.

[0355] ΔE, ΔL, and Δa were measured after 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 shampoo washes, following the shampoo and dry procedure outlined in steps 5 and 6 of the dyeing protocol above. The results are reported in Tables 3, 4, and 5. [Table 3] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the color developer in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0356] The permanent hair color formulated with Formulation A containing the polymer of the disclosed technology improves the color protection of colored hair. The permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 protects the color for up to 30 washes. The lower ΔE value means that the hair color is retained. [Table 4] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the color developer in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0357] The results show that color protection is achieved with Formulation A containing the polymer of Example 1 when compared to Formulation B containing a nonionic polyurethane, Formulation C containing a cationic polyurethane, and Formulation D containing a benchmark amphoteric polymer. The permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 protects the intensity and saturation of colored hair for up to 30 washes. The lower ΔL means that hair color intensity is retained. [Table 5] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the color developer in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0358] Better color protection is achieved with formulation A containing the polymer of Example 1 when compared to formulation B containing a nonionic polyurethane, formulation C containing a cationic polyurethane, and formulation D containing a benchmark amphoteric polymer. The permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 protects the color tone of colored hair for up to 30 washes. The lower Δa means that the color and value of the hair is retained.

[0359] The treated hair swatches were evaluated for conditioning properties in the wet and dry states, where conditioning was measured using the wet disentanglement and combing test, and where hair softness and smoothness was measured using the coefficient of friction test.

[0360] Wet Detangling and Combing Test Wet hair combing and detangling resistance was tested on treated swatches using a Dia-Stron MTT175 Mini Tensile Tester with MTTWIN version 5.0 software. Six swatches per treatment and five runs per swatch were performed at a combing speed of 300 mm / min and a maximum combing force (gmf) of 2000. Lower values ​​of average total work indicate an improvement in wet combing. Lower average breaking load values ​​represent an improvement in wet detangling properties. The results are presented in Table 6. [Table 6] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the color developer in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0361] Better wet disentanglement attributes were demonstrated by hair colored with Formulation A containing the polymer of Example 1 and Formulation D containing the benchmark amphoteric conditioning polymer when compared to control Formulation E containing no polymer. The lower average breaking load values ​​indicate an improvement in wet disentanglement properties, indicating that hair is easier to disentangle after color treatment with the formulations of the present technology.

[0362] The results show better wet combing with Formula A and the benchmark amphoteric polymer when compared to the control formulated without polymer. The lower average total work values ​​indicate an improvement in wet combing since it is easier to comb hair after color treatment.

[0363] Hair Softness and Smoothness Test Hair softness was measured by reduction of friction on hair fiber surface using Bruker Universal Mechanical Tester (UMT). The instrument utilizes the threading mode of the device to facilitate sensitive testing of coefficient of friction on dry hair surface. Prior to testing, swatches are washed twice using the methods described in steps 5 and 6 of the dyeing protocol. Measurements are performed on three treated swatches and compared to a control formulation (no polymer) and a benchmark polymer. Probe speed: 0.1 mm / sec, moving the probe against the hair cuticle including one cycle, completing two cycles in one pass, two passes for each swatch. The coefficient of friction is measured and recorded after each pass. The results are presented in Table 7. [Table 7] 1 The test formulation was mixed with the color developer in a 1:1 ratio (weight:weight).

[0364] The permanent colors formulated by adding the polymers of the present technology and the benchmark polymers showed better improvement in drying properties compared to the control formulated without the polymer. Lower coefficient of friction values ​​indicate that the treated hair swatches were softer, smoother, and more moisturized.

[0365] Example 3 (Semi-permanent Hair Coloring Composition) Semi-permanent hair colorants containing semi-permanent acid dyes were formulated from the ingredients and amounts listed in Table 8. Formulation F was prepared with a tethered tertiary amine polyurethane of the present technology, while Formulation G was prepared using a benchmark amphoteric polymer commonly used in semi-permanent hair dye systems. [Table 8] 1 Benchmark Formulations 2 Control Formulation 3Brookfield® Viscometer Model DV-II+Pro (25°C, 10 rpm, spindle 6)

[0366] The ingredients of the semi-permanent hair color composition were formulated according to the following procedure.

[0367] Add ingredient No. 1 to the main beaker and mix using the Lightnin' Mixer.

[0368] Mix ingredient No. 2 with ingredients No. 3 and part of No. 4 in a small beaker and add it to the batch.

[0369] 4. Wash the beaker using the remaining DI water Component No. 4 and add the wash to the batch.

[0370] Add ingredients Nos. 5 through 10 one at a time and mix until homogenous.

[0371] Heat Phase A to 70°C.

[0372] In a separate container, mix Phase B ingredients Nos. 11 to 15 and heat to 70°C.

[0373] Once both Phase A and Phase B are at 70°C, add Phase B to Phase A and mix for 10 minutes.

[0374] Cool to 50°C and add Phase C ingredient number 16. Mix until homogenous.

[0375] The batch is cooled to 30°C.

[0376] Add Phase C Ingredients Nos. 17-19, one at a time, and mix until homogeneous.

[0377] Adjust pH to 4.5-4.8 with ingredient No. 20. Mix until homogenous.

[0378] Color measurement Pure blonde hair swatches were treated with semi-permanent hair coloring compositions formulated from the ingredients identified in Table 8 in a manner substantially similar to the treatment and color measurement protocol outlined in Example 2. Three treated swatches from each formulation were measured for color. The ΔE, L and α values ​​after 5 and 10 washes are reported in Tables 9, 10, and 11, respectively. [Table 9]

[0379] Formulation F containing the polymer of Example 1 demonstrates better color protection when compared to the benchmark amphoteric polymer. Semi-permanent hair color formulated with the polymer of Example 1 improves color protection of colored hair. Semi-permanent hair color with the polymer of Example 1 protects color for at least up to 10 washes. Conventional semi-permanent hair coloring compositions generally protect for up to 5-7 washes. The lower ΔE value indicates that more hair color is retained when compared to the benchmark standard. [Table 10]

[0380] Semi-permanent hair color compositions formulated with the polymer of Example 1 provide improved color protection for colored hair. Lower ΔL values ​​indicate better hair color strength and color fastness. [Table 11]

[0381] The semi-permanent hair color compositions formulated with the polymer of Example 1 improve the color protection of colored hair. Formulation F protects the color for at least 10 washes. The lower Δa value for Formulation F indicates that the hair color tone is preserved and does not fade.

[0382] Wet Detangling and Combing Test The treated swatches were tested for resistance to wet hair combing and detangling using the protocol described in Example 2. The results are shown in Table 12. [Table 12]

[0383] The results demonstrate that Formulations F and G, containing the polymer of Example 1 and the benchmark polymer, respectively, have better wet combing attributes than the control Formulation H, which contains no polymer. The lower average total work values ​​indicate an improvement in wet combing, as hair after color treatment with Formulation F is easier to comb.

[0384] Hair treated with color formulations F and G containing the polymer of Example 1 and the benchmark polymer, respectively, demonstrates improvement in wet disentanglement over hair colored with formulation H (no polymer). The lower average breaking load values ​​indicate an improvement in wet disentanglement attributes as hair is easier to disentangle after color treatment with formulations F and G compared to the control formulation H.

[0385] Hair Softness and Smoothness Test The hair softness of the colored hair swatches was evaluated according to the protocol described in Example 2. The results are presented in Table 13. [Table 13]

[0386] The semi-permanent colors formulated with the polymer of Example 1 (Formulation F) and the benchmark polymer (Formulation G) showed better improvement in drying properties compared to the control (Formulation H). The lower coefficient of friction values ​​indicate that the treated hair swatches were softer, smoother, and more moisturized.

[0387] Example 4 A temporary hair color was formulated from the ingredients and amounts shown in Table 14. [Table 14] 1 Brookfield® Viscometer Model DV-II+Pro (25°C, 10 rpm, spindle 6)

[0388] Example 5 An oxidative hair dye developer composition was formulated from the components listed in Table 15. [Table 15] 1 Brookfield® Viscometer Model DV-II+Pro (25°C, 10 rpm, spindle 6)

Claims

Claim 1 A composition for coloring hair and retaining the color of the colored hair, said composition comprising a) at least one hair coloring agent; and b) at least one polyurethane comprising a polyurethane backbone having one or more tethered tertiary amino groups laterally bonded to said polyurethane backbone, said tethered tertiary amino groups being located away from said polyurethane backbone by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms, said tethered tertiary amino groups being optionally partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized, at least one polyurethane; wherein said at least one polyurethane comprises i) at least one polyisocyanate; and ii) at least one main chain polyamine, polyol, polythiol, and mixtures thereof having about two isocyanate-reactive hydrogens; and iii) at least one compound containing a tertiary nitrogen having two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen-containing substituents and a tethered tertiary amino group substituent, said tertiary amino group being located away from said tertiary nitrogen by a tethering moiety containing at least two intervening atoms, a reaction product of at least one compound. Claim 2 The composition of claim 1, wherein said reaction product is partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized. Claim 3 The composition of claim 2, wherein said partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized reaction product is dispersed in water to form a polyurethane prepolymer dispersion. Claim 4 The composition of claim 3, wherein said partially or fully neutralized and / or quaternized prepolymer dispersion is chain extended with a chain extender selected from water, inorganic or organic polyamines, and / or low molecular weight polyols, and mixtures thereof. Claim 5 The composition of claim 1, wherein said at least one polyisocyanate (i) is selected from aliphatic diisocyanates, aromatic diisocyanates, araliphatic diisocyanates, and mixtures thereof. Claim 6 The composition of claim 1, wherein said at least one main chain polyol (ii) is selected from polycarbonate polyols, polyester polyols, polyether polyols, and mixtures thereof. Claim 7 The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one compound (iii) containing tertiary nitrogen is selected from 2,2'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azanediyl)bis(ethane-1-ol) and 1,1'-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azanediyl)bis(propan-2-ol), and mixtures thereof.

8. The at least one polyurethane is (i) at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate, and (ii) at least one main-chain polyol having about two isocyanate-reactive hydrogens selected from polyethers, and (iii) at least one compound containing tertiary nitrogen having two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen-containing substituents and a tethering-type tertiary amino group substituent, wherein the tertiary amino group is separated from the tertiary nitrogen by a tethering moiety containing at least three intervening atoms, and the composition according to claim 1, comprising a reaction product of at least one compound.

9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate is selected from hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecanediisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methyl-1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, bis-(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, cyclohexane triisocyanate, and mixtures thereof.

10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one main-chain polyol is selected from polytetrahydrofuran, poly(propylene glycol) derived from 1,2-propanediol, poly(propylene glycol) derived from 1,3-propanediol, and mixtures thereof.

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the tethering-type tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the tethering-type tertiary amino group is quaternized with a quaternizing agent selected from alkyl halides, aralkyl halides, dialkyl carbonates, dialkyl sulfates, and epoxides.

13. The composition according to claim 1, wherein at least 25%, or at least 50%, or at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95% of the tethered tertiary amino groups are neutralized and / or quaternized.

14. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyurethane comprises a reaction product of at least one alicyclic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethered tertiary amino group monomer containing two active hydrogen groups, and the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

15. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyurethane comprises a reaction product of a first alicyclic diisocyanate, a second alicyclic diisocyanate different from the first alicyclic diisocyanate, at least one polyether polyol, and at least one tethered tertiary amino group containing two active hydrogen groups, and the tertiary amino group is neutralized with an acid.

16. The at least one polyurethane comprises a reaction product of dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H １２ MDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with polytetrahydrofuran and at least one tethering type tertiary amine group selected from 2,2′-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azanediyl)bis(ethane-1-ol) and 1,1′-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)azanediyl)bis(propan-2-ol) and mixtures thereof, wherein the tertiary amine group is neutralized with an acid, the composition according to claim 1.

17. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyurethane is a polyurethane dispersion (PUD).

18. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the hair colorant is a temporary hair dye.

19. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the hair colorant is a semi-permanent hair dye.

20. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the hair colorant comprises at least one permanent hair dye constituent.

21. The composition according to claim 18, wherein the hair colorant is present in an amount in the range of 0.0005 to 20% by weight, or 0.005 to 10% by weight, or 0.05 to 6% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

22. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye constituent comprises at least one oxidation dye precursor.

23. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye constituent comprises a dye coupler.

24. The composition according to claim 23, wherein the dye coupler is present in an amount in the range of 0.0001 to 15% by weight, or 0.0005 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

25. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye constituent comprises at least one direct dye.

26. The composition according to claim 25, wherein the at least one direct dye is present in an amount in the range of 0.0001 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

27. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one alkalizing agent.

28. The composition according to claim 27, wherein the at least one alkalizing agent is present in an amount sufficient to maintain a pH in the range of 7 to 12.

29. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component comprises at least one reducing agent.

30. The composition according to claim 29, wherein the reducing agent is present in an amount in the range of 0.0005 to 6% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

31. The composition according to claim 20, wherein the permanent hair dye component is mixed with at least one oxidizing agent.

32. The composition according to claim 31, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is selected from organic peroxides (hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, melamine peroxide), inorganic peroxides (sodium peroxide, sodium periodate, calcium peroxide, barium persilicate, persulfates, sodium bromate, perborates, melamine peroxide), alkali metal bromates, and ferricyanides, and mixtures thereof.

33. The composition according to claim 31, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is present in an amount in the range of 0.0001 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

34. The composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one additional cationic polymer, at least one amphoteric polymer, and mixtures thereof.

35. The composition according to claim 34, wherein the at least one additional cationic polymer is selected from polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-16, polyquaternium-28, polyquaternium-30, polyquaternium-36, polyquater6nium-37, polyquaternium-46, polyquaternium-87, and mixtures thereof.

36. The composition according to claim 35, wherein the at least one amphoteric polymer is selected from polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-39, polyquaternium-47, and polyquaternium-53.

37. The composition according to claim 35, wherein the at least one additional cationic polymer or at least one amphoteric polymer is present in an amount in the range of 0.001 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

38. The composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one surfactant selected from anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

39. The composition according to claim 38, wherein the at least one surfactant is present in an amount in the range of 0.001 to 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

40. The composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one thickener selected from cellulose derivatives, guar derivatives, gums of microbial origin, casein, alginate, carbomer, crosslinked acrylic acid copolymers, and mixtures thereof.

41. The composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one adjuvant selected from antioxidants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, solvents, conditioning agents, protein derivatives, provitamins, vitamins, amino acids, plant extracts, sugars, pH adjusters, film-forming polymers, perfumes and fragrances, preservatives, buffers, solubilizers, stabilizers, lanolin derivatives, cholesterol, aliphatic alcohols, organic acids, silicones, natural or synthetic oils, protein hydrolysates, natural plant extracts, UV filters, ceramides, coenzymes, chelating agents, hair swelling agents, and mixtures thereof.

42. The composition according to claim 40, wherein the at least one thickener is present in an amount in the range of 0.001 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

43. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one water-dispersible polyurethane is present in an amount in the range of 0.004 to 4% by weight, or 0.2 to 2.4% by weight, or 0.3 to 1.2% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

44. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is selected from shampoo, conditioner, rinse, lotion, emulsion, cream, foam, gel, spray, mousse, pomade, oil, highlighter, powder, paste, tablet, and wax.

45. A process for coloring hair and retaining color fastness in the colored hair, the process comprising contacting the hair with the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 44.

46. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 44 for coloring hair and making the color fastness of the colored hair long-lasting.