Preservatives for cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions

Abstract

Various preservatives and compositions incorporating these preservatives, as well as various methods of using these preservatives and compositions are described. For example, various compositions, including cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, are described that include a preservative, such as 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, and one or more other ingredients, such as natural ingredients.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to various preservatives and compositions incorporating these preservatives, as well as various methods of using these preservatives and compositions. For example, the various compositions of the present invention include cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions that include a preservative, such as naturally derived glyceryl ether 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, and one or more other ingredients (e.g., natural ingredients). [Background technology]

[0002] Various compositions, particularly those for personal care (e.g., pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions), may be contaminated with naturally occurring microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. Contamination may occur from direct contact of the composition with the skin of the user (e.g., deodorants, lipsticks, etc.) or during the preparation of the composition (e.g., water, air, etc.). Contamination may also occur from the use / repeated use of implements or applicators, such as brushes, wipes, cotton pads, etc., used to apply the composition to the skin of the user. Preservatives can be added to these compositions to improve long-term stability by providing the ability of the composition to eliminate introduced microorganisms and prevent their permanent colonization. However, these preservatives must be in a relatively high enough concentration to exhibit antimicrobial effects without being too high to cause harm or irritation to the user or exceed regulatory limits.

[0003] Furthermore, high concentrations of preservatives can adversely affect formulation properties. For example, compositions with high concentrations of one or more preservatives can exhibit reduced formulation stability and undesirable rheological properties. Thus, there remains a need for preservatives that are effective at low concentrations, are less harmful or irritating, and / or do not adversely affect formulation properties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Various aspects of the present invention are directed to compositions (eg, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions) comprising 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and at least one additional ingredient.

[0005] A further aspect relates to a method of preserving and / or improving the rheology (thickening) of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, the method comprising mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol with at least one additional component of the composition.

[0006] Another aspect relates to a method of cleansing, treating or caring for the skin, hair or teeth in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising applying the composition of the first aspect to the skin, hair or teeth of the subject.

[0007] Other objects and features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 shows the viscosity increase of a sulfated surfactant system with an APG (i.e., an alkyl polyglucoside), as detailed in Example 5. Each row represents a formulation of a sulfated surfactant system (sodium coco sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, and sodium lauryl ether sulfate) in combination with a preservative (no preservative, heptyloxy (i.e., 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol), octyloxy (i.e., 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol), and heptyloxy + octyloxy (i.e., 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol + 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol)).

[0009] [Diagram 2]1 shows the viscosity increase of a sulfated surfactant system with CAPB (i.e., cocamidopropyl betaine), as detailed in Example 5. Each row represents a formulation of a sulfated surfactant system (ammonium lauryl sulfate and sodium lauryl ether sulfate) in combination with a preservative (no preservative, heptyloxy (i.e., 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol), octyloxy (i.e., 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol), and heptyloxy + octyloxy (i.e., 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol + 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol)).

[0010] [Diagram 3] 1 shows the viscosity increase of formulations with and without salt, as detailed in Example 5. Each column represents formulations with preservative (formulation (i.e., no preservative), formulation + heptyloxy (i.e., 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol), and formulation + heptyloxy + octyloxy (i.e., 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol + 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol) in combination with salt conditions (with and without sodium chloride).

[0011] [Figure 4A] 1 shows a shampoo formulation made with 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, which were added in turn to the formulation, which resulted in the precipitation described in Example 6.

[0012] [Figure 4B] FIG. 1 shows a shampoo formulation made with 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, which were premixed together before being added to the formulation, resulting in a clear solution as described in Example 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0013] The present invention relates to various preservatives and compositions incorporating these preservatives, as well as various methods of using these preservatives and compositions. For example, the various compositions of the present invention include cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions that include a preservative, such as 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, and one or more other ingredients (e.g., natural ingredients). As used herein, the term "preservative" includes ingredients that are added primarily or exclusively to inhibit microbial growth (e.g., antimicrobial) and / or prevent undesirable chemical changes in the composition.

[0014] Surprisingly, it has been discovered that 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol inhibits microbial growth in compositions (e.g., cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions) with broad efficacy across a wide pH range, even when used at low concentrations. In addition, it has been found that 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol exhibits reduced / no skin irritation and can be used as a non-skin sensitizer. It has also been discovered that 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol is a multifunctional ingredient. For example, it functions as a thickener / rheology modifier and as a surfactant / emulsifier in various compositions, such as shampoos (e.g., all-natural shampoo compositions), natural wet wipes, emulsion wet wipes, and roll-on deodorants. It can provide improved formulation capabilities, efficacy, hydration / moisturizing benefits, moisturizing benefits, sensory benefits, and deodorant benefits compared to current preservatives. Advantageously, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol provides compositions that require fewer additives compared to existing compositions. Thus, the preservatives and combinations of preservatives described herein provide improved antimicrobial efficacy and improved formulation capabilities, particularly for all-natural aqueous compositions. In some embodiments, the compositions are at least 95% natural according to ISO standard 16128.

[0015] Various aspects of the present invention are directed to high purity concentrate compositions comprising 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol. For example, the concentrate compositions can have a concentration of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol of about 90% by weight or more, about 91% by weight or more, about 92% by weight or more, about 93% by weight or more, about 94% by weight or more, about 95% by weight or more, about 96% by weight or more, about 97% by weight or more, about 98% by weight or more, about 99% by weight or more, about 99.9% by weight or more, or about 99.99% by weight or more. The concentrate compositions are useful for the preparation and storage of various other downstream compositions described herein. The concentrate compositions can further comprise one or more additional components described herein.

[0016] A further aspect of the present invention is directed to compositions comprising 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and at least one additional ingredient.These compositions can be, for example, various types of personal care compositions.The compositions can be cosmetic compositions and / or pharmaceutical compositions.

[0017] In various embodiments, the composition comprises an aqueous composition. The composition can be a solution, emulsion, gel, or suspension. In some embodiments, the composition is a gel, which can be an oil-in-water (o / w) gel, a cream gel, a hydroalcoholic gel, or a hydrogel. In certain embodiments, the composition is the aqueous phase of an oil-in-water emulsion or a water-in-oil emulsion.

[0018] In various embodiments, the composition is a topical composition (i.e., a composition suitable for application or application to the external surface of the user).

[0019] The compositions may also be leave-on compositions (eg, deodorants) or rinse-off compositions (eg, shampoos).

[0020] Examples of specific cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions include shampoos, conditioners, dry shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, face masks, bubble baths, cleansing emulsions, micellar waters, make-up removers, cleansing wipes, baby wipes, hair masks, liquid soaps, shaving soaps, shaving foams, cleansing foams, day creams, anti-aging creams, body milks, facial lotions, body lotions, in-shower body lotions, body mousses, face serums, eye creams, sunscreen lotions, sun creams, face creams, aftershave lotions, pre-shave creams, hair removal creams, skin whitening gels, self-tanning creams, anti-acne gels, hair oils, hair styling gels, hair styling creams, pomades, anti-frizz serums, detanglers, scalp treatments, hair colorants, split end fluids, and the like. fluid), deodorant, antiperspirant, baby cream, insect repellent, hand cream, sunscreen lotion, sunscreen gel, foot cream, exfoliator, body scrub, bar soap, hair treatment, mouthwash, toothpaste, tooth whitening agent, moisturizer, serum, toner, aqua sorbet, cream gel, styling mousse, hydroalcoholic gel, body oil, shower emulsion, hairspray, combing cream, sunscreen, fragrance, perfume, mascara, foundation, primer, concealer, blush, Lonzar, setting powder, setting spray, blemish balm cream, color correcting cream, eyeliner, brow liner, night cream, eyebrow gel, highlighter, lip stain, lipstick, lip gloss, lip balm, lip crayon, hand sanitizer, nail polish remover, cellulite treatment, cuticle cream, eye shadow, bath salts, body mist, eau de toilette, lubricating gel, illuminator, hairspray, combing cream, baby powder, and diaper rash cream.

[0021] In certain embodiments, the composition is selected from the group consisting of a shampoo, a conditioner, a body wash, a facial cleanser, and a bubble bath.

[0022] In various embodiments, the composition comprises a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one pharmaceutical agent.

[0023] In some embodiments, the composition is loaded onto a solid substrate, which may include a wipe (wet wipe), a pad, a tissue, a sponge, or a towel.

[0024] Generally, the concentration of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol is sufficient to provide an antimicrobial effect, either alone or in combination with one or more other preservatives. For example, the composition can include a concentration of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol of about 0.25% by weight or more, about 0.5% by weight or more, or about 1% by weight or more. In various embodiments, the composition comprises 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol in a concentration of about 0.25% to about 5%, about 0.25% to about 3%, about 0.25% to about 1.5%, about 0.25% to about 1%, about 0.5% to about 5%, about 0.5% to about 3%, about 0.5% to about 1.5%, about 0.5% to about 1%, about 1% to about 5%, about 1% to about 3%, or about 1% to about 1.5% by weight. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol in a concentration of about 0.01% or more, about 0.1% or more, about 0.25% or more, about 0.5% or more, or about 1% or more by weight. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol in a concentration of about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, about 0.1% to about 3% by weight, about 0.1% to about 1.5% by weight, about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, about 0.25% to about 5% by weight, about 0.25% to about 3% by weight, about 0.25% to about 1.5% by weight, about 0.25% to about 1% by weight, about 0.5% to about 5% by weight, about 0.5% to about 3% by weight, about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight, about 0.5% to about 1% by weight, about 1% to about 5% by weight, about 1% to about 3% by weight, or about 1% to about 1.5% by weight.

[0025] As discussed above, the 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol preservative can be used in the composition over a wide pH range. For example, the composition can have a pH of about 10.5 or less, about 9 or less, about 8 or less, or about 7 or less. Additionally or alternatively, the composition can have a pH of about 2 or more, about 3 or more, or about 4 or more. In various embodiments, the composition has a pH of about 2 to about 10.5, about 3 to about 8, about 4 to about 7, about 4 to about 6, about 5 to about 7, about 5.5 to about 7, about 5.5 to about 6.5, about 5 to about 6, or about 5.5.

[0026] Additional Ingredients – Other Preservatives The composition can further include at least one other preservative (i.e., in addition to 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol). For example, the composition can include at least one other preservative (i.e., in addition to 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol) at a concentration of about 1% by weight or more, about 2% by weight or more, about 5% by weight or more, about 10% by weight or more, about 15% by weight or more, or about 20% by weight or more. In some embodiments, the concentration of the at least one other preservative can be about 1% to about 50% by weight, about 2% to about 50% by weight, about 5% to about 50% by weight, about 10% to about 50% by weight, about 20% to about 50% by weight, about 1% to about 25% by weight, about 2% to about 25% by weight, about 5% to about 25% by weight, about 10% to about 25% by weight, about 1% to about 15% by weight, about 2% to about 15% by weight, about 5% to about 15% by weight, about 10% to about 15% by weight, about 1% to about 10% by weight, about 2% to about 10% by weight, about 5% to about 10% by weight, or about 1% to about 5% by weight.

[0027] In various embodiments, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the additional preservative can be about 1:20 to about 20:1, about 1:10 to about 10:1, about 5:1 to about 1:5, or about 1:1. Furthermore, the amount of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol can be in excess compared to the additional preservative. For example, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the additional preservative can be about 1.1:1 or more, about 1.5:1 or more, about 2:1 or more, about 3:1 or more, about 4:1 or more, about 5:1 or more, about 10:1 or more, or about 25:1 or more. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the additional preservative is from about 1:1 to about 100:1, from about 1:1 to about 50:1, from about 1:1 to about 20:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 100:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 50:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 20:1, from about 2:1 to about 100:1 , about 2:1 to about 50:1, about 2:1 to about 20:1, about 5:1 to about 100:1, about 5:1 to about 50:1, about 5:1 to about 20:1, about 10:1 to about 100:1, about 10:1 to about 50:1, about 10:1 to about 20:1, about 20:1 to about 100:1, about 20:1 to about 50:1, or about 50:1 to about 100:1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the additional preservative to 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol is from about 1:1 to about 100:1, from about 1:1 to about 50:1, from about 1:1 to about 20:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 100:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 50:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 20:1, from about 2:1 to about 100:1 , about 2:1 to about 50:1, about 2:1 to about 20:1, about 5:1 to about 100:1, about 5:1 to about 50:1, about 5:1 to about 20:1, about 10:1 to about 100:1, about 10:1 to about 50:1, about 10:1 to about 20:1, about 20:1 to about 100:1, about 20:1 to about 50:1, or about 50:1 to about 100:1.

[0028] In some embodiments, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol comprises about 10% by weight or more, about 20% by weight or more, about 30% by weight or more, about 40% by weight or more, about 50% by weight or more, about 60% by weight or more, about 70% by weight or more, about 80% by weight or more, about 90% by weight or more, or about 95% by weight or more of the total preservative content present in the composition. In certain embodiments, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol comprises about 10% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 30% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 50% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 70% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 90% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 10% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 30% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 50% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 7 ... %, about 90% to about 95% by weight, about 10% to about 90% by weight, about 30% to about 90% by weight, about 50% to about 90% by weight, about 70% to about 90% by weight, about 10% to about 80% by weight, about 30% to about 80% by weight, about 50% to about 80% by weight, about 70% to about 80% by weight, about 10% to about 70% by weight, about 30% to about 70% by weight, or about 50% to about 70% by weight.

[0029] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient comprises a glycerol derivative, which may also function as a preservative. The glycerol derivative may be a compound of formula (I): [ka] wherein R is an optionally substituted C 18 Alkyl, optionally substituted C3-C 18 Alkenyl or optionally substituted C-C 10 It is aryl.

[0030] In some embodiments, R is a C3-C alkyl group that is branched or unbranched and substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, one or more C1-C4 alkoxy groups, or both one or more hydroxyl and one or more C1-C4 alkoxy groups. 18 Alkyl or C3-C 18In certain embodiments, R is an alkenyl, whether branched or unbranched, C-C alkyl group interrupted by up to four oxygen atoms in the alkyl chain. 18 In further embodiments, R is a C6-C alkyl group substituted with one or more hydroxyl, one or more C1-C4 alkoxy groups, or both one or more hydroxyl and one or more C1-C4 alkoxy groups. 10 It is aryl.

[0031] The term "alkyl," as used herein, refers to saturated monovalent hydrocarbyl groups which can be straight-chained or branched cyclic or acyclic moieties, such as, but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl groups, and their corresponding cyclic moieties (e.g., cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, etc.).

[0032] The term "alkenyl" as used herein refers to an acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond. Thus, an alkenyl can be partially saturated or unsaturated.

[0033] The term "aryl" as used herein refers to a carbocyclic aromatic group. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl, or anthracenyl.

[0034] The term "alkoxy" as used herein includes O-alkyl groups, where alkyl is as defined above and O represents oxygen. Representative alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, -O-methyl, -O-ethyl, -On-propyl, -On-butyl. Alkoxy can be saturated, partially saturated, or unsaturated.

[0035] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises at least one glycerol derivative selected from the group consisting of 3-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, and 3-[(2-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol. In some embodiments, the additional ingredient comprises at least one glycerol derivative selected from the group consisting of (iso-)butyl glyceryl ether, (iso-)amyl glyceryl ether, hexyl glyceryl ether, methylheptyl glyceryl ether, 3-octyl glyceryl ether, 1-nonyl glyceryl ether, and 1-dodecyl glyceryl ether.

[0036] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises 3-[(2-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, hi various embodiments, the composition comprises 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol at a concentration of about 0.01% by weight or more, about 0.1% by weight or more, about 0.25% by weight or more, about 0.5% by weight or more, or about 1% by weight or more. In various embodiments, the composition comprises 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol in a concentration of about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, about 0.1% to about 3% by weight, about 0.1% to about 1.5% by weight, about 0.1% to about 1% by weight, about 0.25% to about 5% by weight, about 0.25% to about 3% by weight, about 0.25% to about 1.5% by weight, about 0.25% to about 1% by weight, about 0.5% to about 5% by weight, about 0.5% to about 3% by weight, about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight, about 0.5% to about 1% by weight, about 1% to about 5% by weight, about 1% to about 3% by weight, or about 1% to about 1.5% by weight.

[0037] The composition can include at least one glycerol derivative at a concentration of about 1% by weight or more, about 2% by weight or more, about 5% by weight or more, about 10% by weight or more, about 15% by weight or more, or about 20% by weight or more. In some embodiments, the concentration of the at least one glycerol derivative can be about 1% to about 50% by weight, about 2% to about 50% by weight, about 5% to about 50% by weight, about 10% to about 50% by weight, about 20% to about 50% by weight, about 1% to about 25% by weight, about 2% to about 25% by weight, about 5% to about 25% by weight, about 10% to about 25% by weight, about 1% to about 15% by weight, about 2% to about 15% by weight, about 5% to about 15% by weight, about 10% to about 15% by weight, about 1% to about 10% by weight, about 2% to about 10% by weight, about 5% to about 10% by weight, or about 1% to about 5% by weight.

[0038] In various embodiments, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the at least one glycerol derivative can be about 1:20 to about 20:1, about 1:10 to about 10:1, about 5:1 to about 1:5, or about 1:1. Furthermore, the amount of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol can be in excess compared to the at least one glycerol derivative. For example, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the at least one glycerol derivative can be about 1.1:1 or more, about 1.5:1 or more, about 2:1 or more, about 3:1 or more, about 4:1 or more, about 5:1 or more, about 10:1 or more, or about 25:1 or more. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the at least one glycerol derivative is from about 1:1 to about 100:1, from about 1:1 to about 50:1, from about 1:1 to about 20:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 100:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 50:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 20:1, from about 2:1 to about about 100:1, about 2:1 to about 50:1, about 2:1 to about 20:1, about 5:1 to about 100:1, about 5:1 to about 50:1, about 5:1 to about 20:1, about 10:1 to about 100:1, about 10:1 to about 50:1, about 10:1 to about 20:1, about 20:1 to about 100:1, about 20:1 to about 50:1, or about 50:1 to about 100:1.

[0039] In various embodiments, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol constitutes about 10% by weight or more, about 20% by weight or more, about 30% by weight or more, about 40% by weight or more, about 50% by weight or more, about 60% by weight or more, about 70% by weight or more, about 80% by weight or more, about 90% by weight or more, or about 95% by weight or more of the total glycerol derivative content present in the composition. In some embodiments, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol constitutes about 10% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 30% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 50% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 70% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 90% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 10% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 30% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 50% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 70% by weight to about 9 ... It constitutes about 95% by weight, about 90% to about 95% by weight, about 10% to about 90% by weight, about 30% to about 90% by weight, about 50% to about 90% by weight, about 70% to about 90% by weight, about 10% to about 80% by weight, about 30% to about 80% by weight, about 50% to about 80% by weight, about 70% to about 80% by weight, about 10% to about 70% by weight, about 30% to about 70% by weight, or about 50% to about 70% by weight.

[0040] The composition further comprises one or more C4-C 10 The composition may further comprise an alkanediol (i.e., in addition to 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol). In some embodiments, the composition comprises one or more C4-C 10 It further comprises a vicinal alkanediol.

[0041] For example, the composition can include one or more diols at a concentration of about 1% by weight or more, about 2% by weight or more, about 5% by weight or more, about 10% by weight or more, about 15% by weight or more, or about 20% by weight or more. In some embodiments, the concentration of the one or more diols can be about 1% to about 50% by weight, about 2% to about 50% by weight, about 5% to about 50% by weight, about 10% to about 50% by weight, about 20% to about 50% by weight, about 1% to about 25% by weight, about 2% to about 25% by weight, about 5% to about 25% by weight, about 10% to about 25% by weight, about 1% to about 15% by weight, about 2% to about 15% by weight, about 5% to about 15% by weight, about 10% to about 15% by weight, about 1% to about 10% by weight, about 2% to about 10% by weight, about 5% to about 10% by weight, or about 1% to about 5% by weight.

[0042] In various embodiments, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the one or more diols can be about 1:20 to about 20:1, about 1:10 to about 10:1, about 5:1 to about 1:5, or about 1:1. Additionally, the amount of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol can be in excess compared to the one or more diols. For example, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the one or more diols can be about 1.1:1 or more, about 1.5:1 or more, about 2:1 or more, about 3:1 or more, about 4:1 or more, about 5:1 or more, about 10:1 or more, or about 25:1 or more. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to the one or more diols is from about 1:1 to about 100:1, from about 1:1 to about 50:1, from about 1:1 to about 20:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 100:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 50:1, from about 1.1:1 to about 20:1, from about 2:1 to about 100 :1, about 2:1 to about 50:1, about 2:1 to about 20:1, about 5:1 to about 100:1, about 5:1 to about 50:1, about 5:1 to about 20:1, about 10:1 to about 100:1, about 10:1 to about 50:1, about 10:1 to about 20:1, about 20:1 to about 100:1, about 20:1 to about 50:1, or about 50:1 to about 100:1.

[0043] In some embodiments, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol comprises about 10% by weight or more, about 20% by weight or more, about 30% by weight or more, about 40% by weight or more, about 50% by weight or more, about 60% by weight or more, about 70% by weight or more, about 80% by weight or more, about 90% by weight or more, or about 95% by weight or more of the total diol content present in the composition. In some embodiments, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol comprises about 10% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 30% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 50% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 70% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 90% by weight to about 99% by weight, about 10% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 30% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 50% by weight to about 95% by weight, about 7 ... %, about 90% to about 95% by weight, about 10% to about 90% by weight, about 30% to about 90% by weight, about 50% to about 90% by weight, about 70% to about 90% by weight, about 10% to about 80% by weight, about 30% to about 80% by weight, about 50% to about 80% by weight, about 70% to about 80% by weight, about 10% to about 70% by weight, about 30% to about 70% by weight, or about 50% to about 70% by weight.

[0044] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises at least one glycerol derivative selected from the group consisting of 3-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, and 3-[(2-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol. In some embodiments, the additional ingredient comprises at least one glycerol derivative selected from the group consisting of butyl glyceryl ether, (iso)amyl glyceryl ether, hexyl glyceryl ether, 3-octyl glyceryl ether, 1-nonyl glyceryl ether, and 1-dodecyl glyceryl ether.

[0045] As mentioned above, the composition can include one or more additional preservatives in combination with 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol. For example, the preservatives can be 1,3-propanediol, 3-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, 3-[(2-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, methylpropanediol, hexoxy-propane-1,2-diol, heptoxy-propane-1,2-diol, octoxy-propane-1,2-diol, 3-phenoxy-propane-1,2-diol, 3-benzyloxy, 1,3-propanediol ... The preservative may further comprise a propanediol, such as oxy-propane-1,2-diol, 3-phenylethyloxy-propane-1,2-diol, 3-phenylpropyloxy-propane-1,2-diol, 3-methylbenzyloxy-propane-1,2-diol, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,2-propanediol (chlorphenesin), or 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,2-propanediol. In some embodiments, the preservative further comprises a pentanediol, such as 1,5-pentanediol and 1,2-pentanediol. In certain embodiments, the preservative further comprises a butanediol, such as 2,3-butanediol. In other embodiments, the preservative further comprises a hexanediol, such as 1,2-hexanediol and 1,6-hexanediol. In various embodiments, the preservative further comprises an octanediol, such as 1,2-octanediol and 1,8-octanediol, hi yet other embodiments, the preservative further comprises a decanediol, such as 1,2-decanediol and 1,10-decanediol.

[0046] Other examples of additional preservatives that can be used in combination with 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol include thymol, eugenol, benzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethyl alcohol, 3-phenylpropanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, 1-phenoxy-propan-2-ol, 3-phenoxypropanol, benzyloxymethanol, phenoxyisopropanol, phenethyl alcohol, phenylpropanol, cinnamic alcohol, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol, (ethylenedioxy)dimethanol, α,α',α''-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazine-1,3,5(2H,4H,6H)-triethanol, (1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-2(1H)-pyridone, 2-aminoethanol, farnesyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate ... sol, 2-benzylheptan-1-ol, pentylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, chloroxylenol, phenoxyethanol, 4-chloro-m-cresol, aryloxy alcohols [phenoxypropanol (such as 1-phenoxypropan-2-ol, 2-phenoxypropan-1-ol, and 3-phenoxypropan-1-ol)], oligoalkanol aryl ethers [phenoxydiethanol, phenoxytriethanol, phenoxyoligoethanol, phenoxydipropanol, phenoxytrippanol, and phenoxyoligopropanol], arylalkanols [3-phenylpropan-1-ol, veratyl alcohol (3,4-dimethoxyphenylmethyl alcohol), and 2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanol]. In a further embodiment, the additional preservative is selected from the group consisting of 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, bromochlorophene, 2,2'-methylenebis(6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), 3-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chloro-phenol, and combinations thereof.

[0047] The additional preservative can also be an acetophenone derivative, such as hydroxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxyacetophenone, 3-hydroxyacetophenone, 4-hydroxyacetophenone, or combinations thereof.

[0048] Further, the additional preservatives include tetrahydro-1,3,4,6-tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)imidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-2,5(1H,3H)-dione, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione, 1,3-bis-(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, 1,6-bis(4-amidino-2-bromophenoxy)-n-hexane and its salts, 1, The amine may be selected from the group consisting of 6-bis(4-amidino-phenoxy)-n-hexane and its salts, chlorhexidine, 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane, 5-ethyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo(3.3.0)octane, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone, and combinations thereof.

[0049] Other examples of additional preservatives include 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxy-diphenyl ether (triclosan), 2-hydroxybiphenyl ether and its salts, and combinations thereof, as well as aldehydes such as formaldehyde and paraformaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, ortho-, meta-, and para-anisaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, or glutaraldehyde.

[0050] Additional preservatives can also be benzoic acid, para-hydroxybenzoic acid, paraoxybenzoic acid esters, benzyl benzoate, sodium benzoate, propionic acid, salicylic acid, salicylic acid N-alkylamides such as n-octyl salicylamide or n-decyl salicylamide, 2,4-hexadienoic acid (sorbic acid), hydroxyethylglycine of sorbic acid, levulinic acid, anisic acid, perillic acid, cinnamic acid, dehydroacetic acid, formic acid, 10-undecylenic acid, caprylhydroxamic acid, sorbohydroxamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, 2-butyloctanoic acid, and various salts and esters thereof.

[0051] Additional preservatives can also include one or more of N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-urea, 1,1'-methylene-bis(3-(1-hydroxymethyl-2,4-dioxyimidazolin-5-yl)urea), N-hydroxymethyl-N-(1,3-di(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)-N'-hydroxy-methylurea, imidazolidinyl urea, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1-(1,3,4-tris(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)urea (diazolidinyl urea), and imidazolidinyl urea.

[0052] Additional preservatives can include one or more fatty acid esters such as monoglycerides, polyglycerides, medium chain triglycerides, caprylic propanediol, fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols, octadecanoic acid monoglyceryl ester (derived from octadecanoic acid), octadecanoic acid monoester with 1,2-propanediol, octadecanoic acid monoester with glycerol, undec-10-enoic acid monoester with a diol, undec-10-enoic acid monoester with propane-1,3-diol, and undec-10-enoic acid monoester with glycerol.

[0053] The additional preservative can be a paraben or a salt thereof, such as benzylparaben, butylparaben, ethylparaben, isobutylparaben, isopropylparaben, methylparaben, propylparaben, and combinations thereof.

[0054] Still further examples of additional preservatives include heavy metal citrates, piroctose, zinc salts, pyrithione and its heavy metal salts, zinc phenol sulfate, zinc undecylenate, bis(2-pyridylthio)zinc 1,1'-dioxide, zinc pyrithione, 2-zinc-sulfidopyridine N-oxide, and combinations thereof.

[0055] Additional preservatives may also include one or more antifungal agents selected from the group consisting of ketoconazole, oxiconazole, bifonazole, butoconazole, cloconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, enilconazole, fenticonazole, isoconazole, miconazole, sulconazole, tioconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, terconazole, (RS)-1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-imidazol-1-yl-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one (climbazole), and combinations thereof.

[0056] Other additional preservatives include N,N'-(decane-1,10-diyldipyridin-1-yl-4-ylidene)-dioctan-1-amine dihydrochloride (octenidine dihydrochloride) (octenidine), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, benzethonium chloride, diisobutylethoxyethyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, tricetylmethylammonium chloride, silver chloride (AgCl), benzalkonium chloride, poly-(hexamethylenediguanide) hydrochloride, 1-(3-chloroallyl-3,5,7-triaza-1-azonia-adamantane chloride, N-alkyl chloride (CCl), and 1-(1,2-dimethylphenyl)-2,4-dihydro-1,4-dihydro-1,5-triazolinyl chloride. 12 ~C 22 ) Trimethyl-ammonium, alkyl chloride (C8-C 18 )-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium, cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the preservative is N-alkyl (C 12 ~C 22 ) trimethyl-ammonium and / or alkyl bromide-(C8-C 18 )-dimethyl-benzylammonium.

[0057] Further examples of additional preservatives include diaminoalkylamides, L-lysine hexadecylamide, 2-chloroacetamide, hyamine, (benzyloxymethoxy)-methanol hexamethylenetetramine, selenium disulfide, thiamine dilauryl sulfite, metabisulfite, thiamine dilauryl sulphate (TDS), sodium aluminum chlorohydroxyl acetate, chlorhexidine acetate, sodium hydroxymethyl-aminoacetate, sodium N-lauryl sarcosinate, sodium N-palmethyl sarcosinate, lauroyl sarcosine, potassium-N-lauryl sarcosine, sodium iodate, diethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, ascorbyl palmitate, ethyl lauroyl arginate HCl, glycerol monolaurate, glycerol tetra ... monolaurate (GML), glyceryl caprylate, glycerol monocaprate, glycerol monocaprylate, sorbitan caprylate, diglycerol monocaprate (DMC), sodium anisate, sodium lauroyl lactylate, xylityl sesquicaprylate, triethyl citrate, polyaminopropyl biguanide, chlorhexidine gluconate, alkyl saccharinate (C8-C 18 )-dimethyl-benzylammonium, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, methyldibromoglutaronitrile, sodium hydroxymethylaminoacetate, sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, and combinations thereof.

[0058] Additional preservatives include 5-chloro-2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolinone, 2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolinone, methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, 2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 3-acetyl-2-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, chlorobutanoram, 5-amino-1,3-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidinone, 5-methyl ... The active ingredient may also include one or more of the following: 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine, benzyl hemiformal, tropolone, 2-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)pentanedinitrile, N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine, pyridine-2-thiol-1-oxide, naftifine, terbinafine, octopirox (piroctone olamine), chitosan, polyepsilon-lysine, N-myristoylglycine, dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin (DMDMH), DMDM ​​hydantoin, and 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC or triclocarban).

[0059] Additional preservatives may further include one or more of Lactobacillus fermentation lysate, Lactobacillus / radish root ferment filtrate, thyme oil, clove oil, menthol, and mint oil.

[0060] In various embodiments, the additional preservative comprises a natural preservative (e.g., obtained or derived from a natural source). In some embodiments, the additional preservative comprises at least one natural preservative that complies with COSMOS standards. For example, the natural preservative can comprise one or more of 1,3-propanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-butanediol, ascorbyl palmitate, ethyl lauroyl arginate HCl, glyceryl caprylate, hydroxyacetophenone, lactobacillus fermentation lysate, lactobacillus / radish root fermentation filtrate, pentylene glycol, phenethyl alcohol, phenylpropanol, polyepsilon-lysine, sodium anisate, sodium lauroyl lactylate, xylityl sesquicaprylate, zinc undecylenate, phenoxyethanol, and glucono-delta-lactone.

[0061] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises (iso-)amyl glyceryl ether.

[0062] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises hexanediol.

[0063] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient includes a betaine (eg, cocamidopropyl betaine).

[0064] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises hydroxyacetophenone (HAP).

[0065] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol.

[0066] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises 3-[(2-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol.

[0067] In various embodiments, the additional ingredient (or additional preservative) comprises 2-ethylhexyl glyceryl ether.

[0068] Various combinations of preservatives can be used (eg, any combination of the preservatives listed above).

[0069] Additional Ingredients - Rheology Modifiers The compositions described herein can also include a rheology modifier (i.e., thickener) to increase the viscosity of the composition. Examples of rheology modifiers include hydrophilic silica, polysaccharides, xanthan gum, dehydroxanthan gum, guar gum, karaya gum, agar, alginates, carrageenan, carob seed flour, hydrolyzed corn starch, tylose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, various cationic starches, guar (e.g., guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride), carbomer, high molecular weight fatty acid polyethylene glycol monoesters and diesters, polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, esters of fatty acids with polyols such as pentaerythritol or trimethylolpropane, narrow range fatty alcohol ethoxylates, laureth-2, laureth-3, and laureth-4, and salts such as sodium chloride and ammonium chloride. In certain embodiments, the rheology modifier is a polymer.

[0070] In various embodiments, the rheology modifier comprises an inorganic salt. The inorganic salt can be sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, or a mixture thereof. In various embodiments, the concentration of the inorganic salt ranges from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight, from about 0.01% to about 3% by weight, from about 0.1% to about 3% by weight, or from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight. In various embodiments, the concentration of the inorganic salt is less than about 1% by weight, e.g., 1%, 0.9%, 0.8%, 0.7%, 0.6%, 0.5%, 0.4%, 0.3%, 0.2%, 0.1%, or 0.01% by weight. In various embodiments, the concentration of the inorganic salt is 0% by weight (i.e., the composition does not include any inorganic salt). In various embodiments, the composition is essentially free of a rheology modifier. In various embodiments, the composition does not include a rheology modifier.

[0071] As mentioned above, it has been discovered that 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol is a multifunctional component. For example, this component can function as a thickener / rheology modifier. Thus, in various embodiments, the composition exhibits improved rheological properties without the use of additional rheology modifiers. Also, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol provides a composition that requires fewer additives compared to existing compositions. Thus, in some embodiments, the composition is free of or essentially free of additional rheology modifiers (e.g., less than 1 wt%, less than 0.1 wt%, or even less than 0.01 wt% of the total composition). For example, the composition can be free of or essentially free of one or more additional rheology modifiers (e.g., less than 1 wt%, less than 0.1 wt%, or even less than 0.01 wt% of the total composition) (e.g., free of or essentially free of one or more rheology modifiers listed above). In the case of inorganic salt rheology modifiers, the reduced concentration of inorganic salts or the absence of inorganic salts provides a cosmetic composition that, when applied, results in less drying, irritation, and damage to hair or skin.

[0072] Additional Ingredients - Surfactants The compositions described herein may further comprise at least one surfactant. Surfactants generally include various anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and / or amphoteric surfactants. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise one or more cosmetically and / or pharma-ceutically acceptable anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and / or amphoteric surfactants. In some embodiments, the at least one surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, or a mixture thereof.

[0073] In some embodiments, the at least one surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, and the anionic surfactant comprises a sulfated surfactant. In some embodiments, the at least one surfactant comprises a mixture of at least one anionic surfactant and at least one nonionic surfactant, or a mixture of at least one anionic surfactant and at least one amphoteric surfactant. In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant comprises a sulfated surfactant, the nonionic surfactant comprises an alkyl polyglucoside, and / or the amphoteric surfactant comprises a betaine.

[0074] In some embodiments, the composition has a surfactant concentration of about 1% by weight or more, about 2% by weight or more, about 5% by weight or more, about 10% by weight or more, about 20% by weight or more, about 30% by weight or more, about 40% by weight or more, or about 50% by weight or more. In certain embodiments, the composition has a surfactant concentration of about 1% by weight to about 60% by weight, about 2% by weight to about 60% by weight, about 5% by weight to about 60% by weight, about 10% by weight to about 60% by weight, about 20% by weight to about 60% by weight, about 1% by weight to about 50% by weight, about 2% by weight to about 50% by weight, about 5% by weight to about 50% by weight, about 10% by weight to about 50% by weight, about 20% by weight to about 50% by weight, about 1% by weight to about 25% by weight, or about 2% by weight to about 50% by weight. %, about 2% to about 25% by weight, about 5% to about 25% by weight, about 10% to about 25% by weight, about 1% to about 15% by weight, about 2% to about 15% by weight, about 5% to about 15% by weight, about 10% to about 15% by weight, about 1% to about 10% by weight, about 2% to about 10% by weight, about 5% to about 10% by weight, or about 1% to about 5% by weight.

[0075] Examples of anionic surfactants include, for example, alkyl and alkylene carboxylates, alkyl ether carboxylates, fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, alkylamide sulfates and sulfonates, fatty acid alkylamide polyglycol ether sulfates, alkane sulfonates and hydroxyalkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, isethionate acyl esters, α-sulfa fatty acid esters, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylphenol glycol ether sulfonates, sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinic acid monoesters and diesters, fatty alcohol ether phosphates, protein / fatty acid condensation products, alkyl monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates, other sulfated surfactants, alkyl glyceride ether sulfonates, fatty acid methyl taurides, fatty acid sarcosinates, sulforicinoleates, acyl glutamates, mixtures thereof, and salts thereof.

[0076] A type of anionic surfactant is a sulfated surfactant. Examples of sulfated surfactants include sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, ammonium coco sulfate, magnesium lauryl sulfate, magnesium laureth sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, sodium cetearyl sulfate, sodium myreth sulfate, magnesium myreth sulfate, ammonium myreth sulfate, and C 12 ~C 18 Sodium alkyl sulfates are included.

[0077] In various embodiments, the composition comprises one or more nonionic surfactants.Examples of nonionic surfactants include various ethoxylated surfactants such as alkyl ethoxylates, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethoxylated fatty acids, ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, or ethoxylated alkyl phenols; mono- or di-alkyl alkanolamides; and alkyl polysaccharides.

[0078] In certain embodiments, the composition can include one or more non-ionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates (alkyl polyethylene glycols), alkylphenol polyethylene glycols, alkyl mercaptan polyethylene glycols, fatty amine ethoxylates (alkylamino polyethylene glycols), fatty acid ethoxylates (acyl polyethylene glycols), polypropylene glycol ethoxylates, fatty acid alkylol amides (fatty acid amide polyethylene glycols), N-alkyl-, N-alkoxy polyhydroxy-fatty acid amides, sucrose esters, sorbitol esters, polyglycol ethers, and mixtures thereof. Other sugar-derived non-ionic surfactants that can be included in the compositions of the present invention include fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxy fatty acid amides.

[0079] In some embodiments, the composition comprises one or more alkyl polysaccharide surfactants. Examples of alkyl polysaccharide surfactants include compounds of the formula: RO-(sug) u wherein R is a straight or branched chain substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkylphenyl, alkenylphenyl having about 4 to about 30 carbon atoms or about 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The sug moiety is a sugar residue and may be in an open or cyclic (i.e., pyranose) structure. The sugars may be monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, or polysaccharides having 5 or 6 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable sugar moieties (including their corresponding pyranose forms) include ribose, xylose, arabinose, glucose, galactose, mannose, telose, gulose, allose, altrose, idose, lyxose, ribulose, sorbose (sorbitan), fructose, and mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable disaccharides include maltose, lactose, and sucrose. Disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides can be a combination of two or more of the same sugars, such as maltose (two glucoses), or two or more different sugars, such as sucrose (a combination of glucose and fructose). The degree of polymerization, u, is an average number from 1 to about 50, 1 to about 25, 1 to about 10, 1 to about 5, 1 to about 3, or 1 to about 2.

[0080] In various embodiments, the alkyl polysaccharide surfactant can be an alkyl polyglucoside (APG) surfactant. For example, some APGs are of the formula above, where R is a branched or linear alkyl group, preferably having 4-30 carbon atoms or 4-20 carbon atoms, or a mixture of alkyl groups with an average value within a given range, sug is a glucose residue (e.g., a glycoside), and u is 1 to about 5, more preferably 1 to about 3. In various embodiments, the surfactant comprises one or more APGs of the formula above, where R is a branched or linear alkyl group, preferably having 5-20 carbon atoms or 6-16 carbon atoms, or a mixture of alkyl groups with an average value within a given range, and u is 1 to about 3. The alkyl polyglucoside can be selected from the group consisting of caprylyl / capryl glucoside, coco glucoside, and sucrose glucoside.

[0081] In certain embodiments, the composition comprises one or more amphoteric surfactants selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts, as well as mono-, di-, and trialkylammonium salts of N-alkyl-p-aminopropionates and N-alkyl-p-iminodipropionates; N-acylaminoalkyl-N,N-dimethylacetobetaines (e.g., N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethylacetobetaine, alkyl-dimethylsulfopropylbetaine, imidazoline-based amphoteric surfactants (e.g., the sodium salt of 1-(P-carboxymethyloxyethyl)-1-(carboxylmethyl)-2-laurylimidazolinium); amine oxides (e.g., alkyl-dimethylamine oxides); and fatty acid amidoalkyldimethylamine oxides.

[0082] In certain embodiments, the composition comprises one or more betaine surfactants.For example, the betaine surfactant can be selected from alkyl betaines (e.g., cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl alpha carboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma carboxypropyl betaine, and lauryl bis(2-hydroxypropyl) alpha carboxyethyl betaine); sulfo betaines (e.g., cocodimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl-sulfoethyl betaine, and lauryl bis(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropyl betaine); betaines that are carboxyl derivatives of imidazole; betaines that are alkyl dimethyl ammonium acetates; betaines that are alkyl dimethyl carbonyl ammonium salts; and fatty acid alkyl amide betaines (e.g., coconut fatty acid amidopropyl betaine and N-coconut fatty acid amidoethyl-N-[2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl]glycerol). One preferred betaine surfactant is cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0083] In various embodiments, the composition comprises alkyl polyglucosides, sodium coco sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, lauryl glucose carboxylate, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl glucoside, decyl glucoside, caprylyl / capryl glucoside, coco glucoside, hexyl glucoside, disodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, sodium palmoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, lauro Sodium Iyl Glycinate, Potassium Cocoyl Glycinate, Potassium Cocoyl Glycinate, Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate, Sodium Cocoyl Methyl Isethionate, Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate, Sodium Methyl Oleoyl Taurate, Sodium Methyl Lauroyl Taurate, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Cocoyl Methyl Glucamide, Caprylyl / Capryl Methyl Glucamide, Lauroyl / Myristoyl Methyl Glucamide, Cocobetaine, Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Lauryl Betaine, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate, Sodium Lauroamphoacetate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate, Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleamide MIPA Sulfosuccinate, Cocamide DEA, Cocamide MEA, Cocamide MIPA, C 14-16 Sodium Olefin Sulfonate, Potassium Cocoate, Potassium Palmate, Potassium Laurate, Potassium Olivate, Sodium Cocoyl Sulfate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Laureth Sulfate, Ammonium Coco Sulfate, Magnesium Lauryl Sulfate, Magnesium Laureth Sulfate, Ammonium Laureth Sulfate, Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate, Sodium Myreth Sulfate, Magnesium Myreth Sulfate, Ammonium Myreth Sulfate, C 12 ~C 18The composition further comprises at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium alkyl sulphate, sodium lauryl sulfate ...

[0084] In some embodiments, the total concentration of surfactant in the composition can be about 1% to about 30%, about 10% to about 25%, or about 12% to about 24% by weight. In some embodiments, the concentration of surfactant in the composition is about 12%, 21%, or 24% by weight.

[0085] In some embodiments, the concentration of the sulfated surfactant in the composition can be from about 1% to about 15%, from about 5% to about 12%, or from about 8% to about 10% by weight. In some embodiments, the concentration of the sulfated surfactant is about 8% or 10% by weight.

[0086] Additional Ingredients – Antioxidants In some embodiments, the composition further comprises an antioxidant. In various embodiments, the antioxidant comprises a natural antioxidant (e.g., obtained or derived from a natural source). In some embodiments, the antioxidant comprises a natural antioxidant according to the COSMOS standard. For example, the antioxidant can comprise one or more of 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one (naringenin), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (quercetin), 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one (hesperetin), 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-chroman-4-one (eriodictyol), and combinations thereof.

[0087] Various examples of antioxidants include: (i) flavones, such as taxifolin (epicatechin), isocranetin, aromadendrin (aromadedrin), acacetin, isocterarein, luteolin, kaempferol, apigenin, diosmetin, chrysoeriol, chrysin, galangin, limocitrin; flavonols, such as azaleatin, fisetin, gossypetin, kaempferide, isorhamnetin, morin, myricetin, natudaidine, pachypode; (ii) flavonones, such as eriocitrin, narirutin, hesperidin, neoponcillin, neoeriocitrin, naringenin, neohesperiden, poncillin, isoreufoline, deosmin, rhoifolin, and neodeosmin; (iii) glycosides formed from flavonols, such as astragalin, azalein, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, kaempferitrin, myricitrin, quercitrin, locoside, leucitrin ... (iv) polymethoxylated flavones, such as sinensetin, nobiletin, heptamethoxyflavone, natudaidine, 5-demethylnobiletin, tangeretin, tetra-O-methylscutellarein, tetra-O-methylisoscutellarein, hexo-O-methylquercetagetin, hexa-O-methylgossypetin, and 5-hydroxy-3,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone; and (v) flavonoids or glycosylated precursors thereof, such as derivatives of quercetin, preferably alpha-glucosylrutin, carnosol, carnosolic acid, resveratrol, sinapic acid, curcuminoids, retinoids (e.g., retinyl palmitate, retinol, or tretinoin), ursolic acid, levulinic acid, butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, nordihydroguaiac acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, and uric acid.

[0088] Antioxidants can also include one or more of amurensin, apigetrin, baicalein, butin, diosmin, eriodictyol, eupafolin, eupatilin, flavoxate, genkwanin, hispidulin, homoeriodictyol, icariin, isosakuranetin, likvirtin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin, neohesperidin, pinocembrin, robinose, rutinose, sakuranetin, sakuranin, scutellarein, spirenoside, sterubin, tangeritin, tectochrysin, troxerutin, and wogonin.

[0089] Antioxidants can also include imidazoles (eg, urocanic acid) and their derivatives.

[0090] Other antioxidants include one or more amino acids such as glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and cysteine ​​or derivatives thereof, such as cysteine ​​hydrochloride, acetylcysteine, and N-acyl amino acids and their salts (e.g., N-octanoylglycine, Lipacide C8G); and / or peptides such as D,L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine, and their derivatives (preferably anserine), carnitine, creatine, matrikine peptides (e.g., lysyl-threonyl-threonyl-lysyl-serine), and palmitoylated pentapeptides.

[0091] Antioxidants can include one or more carotenoids, carotenes (preferably alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene), and derivatives thereof.

[0092] Other antioxidants include lipoic acid and its derivatives (e.g., dihydrolipoic acid), erythorbic acid, ethyl ferulate, ferulic acid, kojic acid, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, phenylthioglycolic acid, thiodiglycolic acid, thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid, thiosalicylic acid, alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids (e.g., glycolic acid, mandelic acid) and their salts, p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters (e.g., the methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl esters thereof), rosmarinic acid, coniferyl benzoate of benzoic acid resin, rutinic acid, acid) and its derivatives, folic acid and its derivatives, ubiquinone and its derivatives, ubiquinol and its derivatives, vitamin C and derivatives (preferably ascorbyl palmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate, ascorbyl glucoside), alpha-hydroxy acids (preferably citric acid, maleic acid), humic acid, bile acids, bile extracts, tannins, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA, and their derivatives), thiodipropionic acid and its derivatives (preferably esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides, and salts), hydroxy acids, urocanic acid, phytic acid, lactic acid, linoleic acid, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid.

[0093] Fatty acids, such as unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (preferably gamma-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid), fatty acids, and hydroxy fatty acids are also suitable antioxidants.

[0094] Still other antioxidants include propylthiouracil or other thiols (e.g., thioredoxin, glutathione, cystine, cystamine, and glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl, and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, gamma-linoleyl, cholesteryl, glyceryl, and oligoglyceryl esters thereof) and their salts, thiol glycosyl esters, thiol N-acetyl esters, thiol methyl esters, thiol ethyl esters, thiol propyl esters, thiol amyl esters, thiol butyl esters, thiol lauryl esters, thiol palmitoyl esters, thiol oleyl esters, thiol linoleyl esters, thiol cholesteryl esters, and thiol glyceryl esters.

[0095] Antioxidants also include vitamin A and its derivatives, such as vitamin A palmitate; and tocophereth-5, tocophereth-10, tocophereth-12, tocophereth-18, tocophereth-50, tocophersolan, tocopherol (e.g., vitamin E) and its derivatives (e.g., vitamin E derivatives, such as vitamin E acetate, vitamin E linoleate, vitamin E nicotinate, and vitamin E succinate).

[0096] Antioxidants can also include metal chelators, such as alpha-hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, or lactoferrin.

[0097] Other examples of antioxidants include zinc or its derivatives (e.g., ZnO, ZnSO4), selenium or its derivatives (e.g., selenium methionine), superoxide dismutase, and stilbene or its derivatives (e.g., stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide).

[0098] The antioxidant can include one or more sugars, such as mannose, aurothioglucose, and / or derivatives thereof.

[0099] Various extracts or fractions of one or more plants can also function as antioxidants. Examples include extracts or fractions of green tea, rooibos, honeybush, grape, rosemary, sage, melissa, thyme, lavender, olive, oat, cacao, ginkgo, ginseng, licorice, honeysuckle, sophora, pueraria, pine, citrus, Phyllanthus emblica or St. John's wort, grape seed, wheat germ, and Phyllanthus emblica.

[0100] Antioxidants can also include coenzymes, such as coenzyme Q-10, plastoquinone, and menaquinone.

[0101] Further examples of antioxidants include p-hydroxyanisole, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, dioleyl tocopheryl methylsilanol, phloroglucinol, dexpanthenol, hinokitol, thiodiglycol, thiodiglycolamide, hydroquinone, tert-butylhydroquinone, diamylhydroquinone, di-tert-butylhydroquinone, decylmercaptomethylimidazole, distearyl thiodipropionate, ditridecyl thiodipropionate, dicetyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionate, and the like. dilauryl acetate, dimyristylthiodipropionate, digalloyl trioleate, disodium rutinyl disulfate, hydroxylamine sulfate, dodecyl gallate, octyl gallate, propyl gallate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, isooctyl thioglycolate, madecassicoside, methoxy-PEG-7-rutinyl succinate, sodium erythorbate, sodium thioglycolate, sorbityl furfural, o-tolylbiguanide, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite phosphite, dimethyloldimethylhydantoin, ubiquinone, ubiquinol, and carnosine.

[0102] Various combinations of antioxidants can be used (eg, any combination of the antioxidants listed above).

[0103] Additional Ingredients – Other Various compositions described herein can include at least one additional ingredient. For example, the compositions can include at least one active ingredient (e.g., pharmacologic active ingredient, cosmetic active ingredient, and / or biological active ingredient). Pharmaceutical active ingredients (i.e., drugs) include, for example, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, antiviral agents, antipruritic agents, antihistamine agents, antiseborrheic agents, deodorant agents, germicidal / wound healing agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anticancer agents, and immunomodulators.

[0104] Additional components of the composition may also include one or more inert substances or excipients.

[0105] In some embodiments, the at least one additional ingredient may include one or more of: drugs, anti-dandruff agents, skin brightening agents, self-tanning agents, exfoliants, enzymes, anti-acne agents, deodorants and antiperspirants, lice killing agents, oily substances, waxes, other preservatives, emulsifiers, co-emulsifiers, solubilizers, cationic polymers, film formers, superfatting agents, refatting agents, foam stabilizers, stabilizers, preservative enhancing ingredients, dyes, pigments, opacifiers, abrasives, absorbents. , anti-caking agents, bulking agents, pearlizing agents, odorants, perfumes or fragrances, carriers, solvents or diluents, propellants, functional acids, viscosity modifiers, thickening and gelling agents, pH adjusting agents, buffering agents, antioxidants, chelating agents, astringents, sunscreens, sun protection agents, skin penetration enhancers, UV filters, skin conditioning agents, emollients, moisturizers, occlusive agents, anti-foaming agents, flavoring agents, electrolytes, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, and combinations thereof.

[0106] In various embodiments, the additional ingredients include natural ingredients (e.g., obtained or derived from natural sources). In some embodiments, the composition consists or consists essentially of natural ingredients (i.e., greater than 95% or even greater than 99% by weight). The natural ingredients can be certified according to COSMOS standards.

[0107] The compositions described herein may further comprise at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of distarch phosphate, sodium phytate, triethyl citrate, sodium phytate, sodium gluconate, potassium citrate, and calcium citrate.

[0108] The compositions described herein may further include quaternary ammonium and / or phosphonium salts. Quaternary salts are commonly used as conditioning agents and, in some cases, as preservatives.

[0109] Preservatives that enhance additional properties of the composition In some embodiments, the present invention is directed to a cosmetic composition comprising 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, a surfactant, and a rheology modifier comprising an inorganic salt.

[0110] As discussed above, the combination of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol provides an effective preservative for cosmetic and other compositions.

[0111] Surprisingly, it has been discovered that the combination of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol can synergistically increase the viscosity of compositions further comprising the above-mentioned surfactants, such as those contained in cosmetic compositions used to cleanse hair and / or skin. The synergistic increase in viscosity was most pronounced in surfactant systems comprising anionic (sulfated) surfactants commonly used in shampoos and other cleansing cosmetic compositions. Furthermore, the increase in viscosity resulting from the combination of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol is also observed in compositions formulated with surfactant systems comprising mixtures of surfactants, such as compositions having anionic (sulfated) surfactant / nonionic (APG) surfactant systems and compositions having anionic (sulfated) surfactant / amphoteric (betaine) surfactant systems.

[0112] As mentioned above, inorganic salts such as sodium chloride are used in cosmetic compositions as rheology modifiers (i.e., thickeners) to increase the viscosity of the composition. The improved viscosity effect of the combination of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol is observed in compositions that further include an inorganic salt as a rheology modifier. In particular, this combination allows the formulation of compositions that require a lower concentration of inorganic salt to achieve a given target viscosity than the otherwise identical composition that lacks 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and / or 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol. Moreover, although this effect was observed in compositions that also contained an inorganic salt rheology modifier, the synergistic improvement in rheological properties (i.e., increased viscosity) as a result of the combination of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol is also provided to compositions that do not contain an inorganic salt rheological agent. This discovery allows for the formulation of compositions with lower concentrations of inorganic salts or no inorganic salts as described herein that still exhibit the desired rheological properties. Lower organic salt concentrations or the absence of inorganic salts is beneficial because inorganic salts in cosmetic compositions can cause dryness and irritation when applied to hair or skin.

[0113] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the desired target viscosity exhibited by the composition will vary depending on the intended use of the composition. The compositions according to these embodiments of the present invention, including a combination of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, can be formulated to exhibit a commercially desirable target viscosity, either with or without inorganic salts or other rheology modifiers.

[0114] Surprisingly, it has also been discovered that when formulating a composition comprising a combination of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, the solubility of the components in the composition is improved when 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol are premixed together and then mixed with other components of the composition, compared to the composition when these compounds are added separately and sequentially. 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol has a lower solubility in aqueous systems compared to 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol. Furthermore, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol provides an improved solubility effect, which allows clear compositions to be formulated without much risk of forming precipitates.

[0115] Exemplary Compositions In some embodiments, the present invention is directed to a cosmetic composition comprising 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, a surfactant, and a rheology modifier comprising an inorganic salt. In some embodiments, the concentration of the inorganic salt to achieve a given viscosity is lower than an otherwise identical composition lacking 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and / or 3-[(n-octyloxyoxy]-1,2-propanediol.

[0116] In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for the preparation of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, ammonium coco sulfate, magnesium lauryl sulfate, magnesium laureth sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, sodium cetearyl sulfate, sodium myreth sulfate, magnesium myreth sulfate, ammonium myreth sulfate, and C 12 ~C 18The present invention is directed to shampoo compositions comprising a sulfated surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates, and an optional rheology modifier comprising an inorganic salt, wherein the concentration of the inorganic salt to achieve a given viscosity is lower than an otherwise identical composition lacking 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and / or 3-[(n-octyloxyoxy]-1,2-propanediol. In various embodiments, these compositions do not comprise a rheology modifier.

[0117] Exemplary ingredients and ingredient combinations for use in various compositions (eg, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions) are set forth below in Tables 1, 2A, and 2B.

[0118] [Table 1-1] [Table 1-2]

[0119] [Table 2-1] [Table 2-2]

[0120] [Table 3-1] [Table 3-2] [Table 3-3]

[0121] How to use The present invention also includes various methods of using 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol to improve one or more formulation properties. In some embodiments, the methods are for preserving a composition, particularly a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition. In further embodiments, the methods are for improving (e.g., thickening) the rheology of a composition, particularly a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, thereby eliminating or minimizing the use levels of additional ingredients and reducing the potential for skin sensitization effects. Generally, these methods include mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol with at least one additional ingredient of the composition (e.g., an additional ingredient described herein). In various embodiments, the present invention is directed to a method of improving (thickening) the rheology of a low-salt cosmetic composition, comprising mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol with the composition, the composition comprising 1% or less by weight of inorganic salt. In various embodiments, the present invention is directed to a method of making a reduced-salt cosmetic composition comprising mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol with a composition comprising a lower percentage of inorganic salt than an otherwise identical composition lacking the 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and / or 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol to achieve a given viscosity.

[0122] In these methods, the composition can include any of the compositions described herein, in certain embodiments, the composition is selected from the group consisting of a shampoo, a conditioner, a body wash, a facial cleanser, and a bubble bath.

[0123] The present invention is also directed to various methods of cleansing, treating, or caring for the skin, hair, or teeth of a subject in need of such cleansing, treatment, or care using the compositions described herein. These methods include applying the compositions described herein to the skin, hair, or teeth of the subject. In some embodiments, the compositions are applied to an area of ​​the subject selected from the group consisting of the face, neck, body, mouth, hands, feet, armpits, around the eyes, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the methods further include rinsing or removing the composition from the area.

[0124] The present invention is also directed to various methods of producing a cosmetic composition containing a preservative, including mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol to form a preservative premix, and combining the preservative premix with other components of the composition to form a composition containing the preservative. Premixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol reduces the amount of precipitate in the final composition. Any of the other methods of producing a composition can include mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol together to form a combination, and then mixing the combination with the composition.

[0125] Having described the invention in detail, it will be apparent that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. EXAMPLES

[0126] The following non-limiting examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention.

[0127] Example 1: Formulation The natural-based compositions presented in Table 3 below were prepared and tested for stability. The concentrations given are weight percents, with water making up the remainder of the composition (as indicated). Each type of composition had a low concentration formulation (0.5% 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol) and a high concentration formulation (1% 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol). All of these formulations were found to exhibit suitable stability.

[0128] [Table 4-1] [Table 4-2]

[0129] The procedure for producing the natural cream formulation is as follows: Phase A is prepared by dispersing xanthan gum in water with stirring. Glycerin is then added. The mixture is continuously stirred until a homogeneous mixture without lumps is obtained. Phase A is then heated to 80-85°C. All remaining ingredients except 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and citric acid are added to a melter to form Phase B, which is heated to 80°C. Phase A and Phase B are emulsified by adding Phase B, heated to 85°C, to Phase A over a period of 5 minutes. The emulsion is then cooled with moderate stirring. 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and any other preservatives are then added with stirring. Finally, the pH is adjusted to 5.5 with citric acid, if necessary.

[0130] Example 2: BIOLUMIX assay to screen for prevention of microbial growth The effectiveness of the compositions in preventing microbial growth was screened with the BIOLUMIX assay, which produces a color change when carbon dioxide is detected in a sample, indicative of microbial contamination. A preservative-free formulation without 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was used as a negative control, and formulations were used at the specified 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol weight percentages. The pass criteria was to meet Criterion A in Table 5. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0131] [Table 5]

[0132] As expected, the cleansing wipes and natural shampoo samples without preservatives failed the BIOLUMIX assay, indicating microbial growth in the samples in the absence of preservatives. However, the cleansing wipes, emulsion wipes, natural cream, natural shampoo, and natural roll-on deodorant formulations used at a dosage of 1% by weight passed the BIOLUMIX assay, indicating that 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was successful in preventing microbial growth in these commonly contaminated products.

[0133] Example 3. Preservative Efficacy Test Selected formulations prepared according to Example 1 (i.e., natural cleansing wipes, emulsion wipes, and natural roll-on deodorant) were subjected to challenge testing for antimicrobial effectiveness (CTNF). The testing was conducted according to ISO 11930. The ISO 11930 methodology is based on the USP-NF <51> The CTNF test is similar to that used in this preservative effectiveness test and evaluates the activity of the preservative or other inherent properties of the product that help maintain the safety of the product by inhibiting the growth and reducing the amount of microbial contaminants. The CTNF test requirements used as the standard in this preservative effectiveness test are shown in Table 5 below. The formulations used in this preservative effectiveness test are listed in Tables 3 and 4 above.

[0134] [Table 6]

[0135] A preservative-free formulation without 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was used as a negative control, and the formulations were used at the specified 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol weight percentages. The formulations were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus brasiliensis. The results for log reduction of specific species of contamination at 7, 14, and 28 days are shown in the table below.

[0136] [Table 7]

[0137] [Table 8]

[0138] These results show that all formulations containing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol have been approved through CTNF testing and meet the requirements of Criterion A for antimicrobial protection performance. As expected, the negative controls do not meet the requirements of Criterion A. Therefore, the microbiological risk of these formulations containing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol is considered to be within acceptable limits and the cosmetic product meets the requirements of ISO 11930:2019.

[0139] The results of cell counts of specific types of contamination at days 0, 7, 14, and 28 are shown in the table below.

[0140] [Table 9]

[0141] [Table 10]

[0142] The roll-on deodorant preservative efficacy testing described below was performed according to ISO 11930, except that the formulations were tested with Bacillus xerosis-code souchier M' and Staphylococcus epidermidis-code souchier C', two of the main odor-causing bacteria found in the skin flora. The roll-on deodorant formulations used in the preservative efficacy testing are listed in Tables 3 and 4 above. A preservative-free formulation without 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was used as a negative control, and a high concentration formulation containing 1% by weight of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was tested. The results for log reduction of specific species of contamination at 7, 14, and 28 days are shown in Table 10.

[0143] [Table 11]

[0144] This indicates that the addition of 1% 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol results in a faster increase in the log reduction of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus in the natural roll-on deodorant.

[0145] Example 4. BIOLUMIX Testing with Multiple Preservatives The following example demonstrates the effect of the combination of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol as preservatives. The formulation is the same as the previous example, except that both 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol are added as preservatives. The BIOLUMIX test is carried out in the same manner, and the percentages reported in the following table are the percentages of each preservative added to that particular formulation.

[0146] [Table 12]

[0147] [Table 13]

[0148] [Table 14]

[0149] The preservative-free formulation failed. The low and high concentrated natural cream, low concentrated emulsion wipes, and low and high concentrated natural shampoo met the A requirements. The high concentrated emulsion wipe met the B requirements.

[0150] Example 5. Synergistic thickening with 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol The following examples demonstrate the effect of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol on rheology / thickening in various surfactant systems. Four formulations are shown in the four rightmost columns of Table 14, with the ingredients listed in weight percent. The formulations differ in the percentages of sodium chloride, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol. The resulting viscosities and the relative changes in viscosity are shown in the bottom two rows of the table.

[0151] [Table 15]

[0152] This example demonstrates that the addition of 1% 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 1% 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol significantly increases the viscosity of the surfactant system.

[0153] The thickening behavior was also tested with another basic surfactant system: anionic / nonionic (APG-alkyl polyglucoside). Each row corresponds to a particular formulation with the ingredients listed as weight percent. The remainder is water, expressed as appropriate. AM% indicates active % (e.g., dry surfactant %). The viscosity of each formulation is shown in bold. All formulations had a clear appearance.

[0154] [Table 16]

[0155] All formulations had a clear appearance. This study demonstrates that 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol provide an unexpected viscosity increase (i.e., thickening) in sulfated surfactant systems containing APG. The results in Table 15 are shown in Figure 1.

[0156] Further thickening behavior testing was performed with different basic surfactant systems: anionic / amphoteric (CAPB-cocamidopropyl betaine). The results are shown in Table 16 below. Each row corresponds to a particular formulation with the ingredients listed as weight percent. The remainder is water, expressed as appropriate. AM% indicates actives % (e.g., dry surfactant %). The viscosity of each formulation is shown in bold.

[0157] [Table 17]

[0158] The sodium cocoyl sulfate / CAPE formulation was unusable because it was a solid at room temperature.

[0159] The ammonium lauryl sulfate / CAPE formulation and the sodium lauryl ether sulfate / CAPE formulation all had a clear appearance. These results indicate that the use of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol together in a surfactant system containing an amphoteric surfactant results in an unexpected synergistic viscosity increase (i.e., thickening). The results of Table 16 are shown in Figure 2.

[0160] Further thickening behavior testing was performed to compare sulfated surfactants with sulfate-free surfactants. Results are shown in Table 17 below. Each row corresponds to a particular formulation with ingredients listed as weight percent. The remainder is water, expressed as appropriate. AM% indicates active % (e.g., dry surfactant %). Sodium chloride, 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol were added sequentially, and the change in viscosity was measured after each addition and is shown in Table 17 below.

[0161] [Table 18]

[0162] Table 17 shows that 1% 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 1% 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol can increase viscosity with salt in sulfated surfactant systems, but salt has no effect on viscosity in sulfate-free surfactant systems.

[0163] Further thickening behavior testing was performed to determine the difference in viscosity with and without salt (e.g., sodium chloride). The results are shown in Table 18 below. Each row corresponds to a particular formulation with the ingredients listed as weight percent. The remainder is water, expressed as appropriate. AM% indicates active % (e.g., dry surfactant %). The viscosity of each formulation is shown in bold.

[0164] [Table 19]

[0165] Table 18 shows that the addition of 1% 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 1% 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol increases the viscosity of the salt-free surfactant system. The addition of 1% 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 1% 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol significantly increases the viscosity of the salt-containing surfactant system. A graphical representation of the viscosities in Table 18 can be found in Figure 3.

[0166] In general, both 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol are proven viscosity improvers, especially in combination with NaCl in sulfated surfactant systems. By using 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol together as viscosity improvers in basic sulfated surfactant systems, only a small amount of salt is needed to obtain optimal viscosity. This is ideal for reducing the irritation of the formulation, since salt can cause dryness, irritation, and damage to hair.

[0167] Example 6. Premixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol with 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol reduces precipitation Next, the effect of premixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol and then adding them to the composition was compared to adding the compounds individually. Table 19 shows the formulations used.

[0168] [Table 20]

[0169] In the first process, sodium coco sulfate was dissolved in demineralized water heated to 65-70°C. Three other surfactants (sodium coco sulfate, coco glucoside, and coco glucoside with glyceryl oleate) were added to the blend under stirring. The mixture was further stirred until a homogenous mixture was obtained. 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was added. Then, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol was added. The pH was adjusted to 5.5 with citric acid solution. Then, sodium chloride was added to adjust the viscosity. The solution obtained as a result of this process is shown in Figure 4A. A cloudy solution with precipitation was observed.

[0170] The second process is identical to the first process except for the addition of 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol. Sodium coco sulfate was dissolved in demineralized water heated to 65-70°C. Three other surfactants (sodium coco sulfate, coco glucoside, and coco glucoside with glyceryl oleate) were added to the blend with stirring. The mixture was further stirred until a homogenous mixture was obtained. 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol were premixed and added to the already combined main mixture. The pH was adjusted to 5.5 with citric acid solution. Sodium chloride was then added to adjust the viscosity. The result of this process is shown in Figure 4B. A clear homogenous solution was observed.

[0171] Thus, premixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol with 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol improves solubility, resulting in a clearer solution with less precipitate.

[0172] When introducing elements of the present invention or preferred embodiments thereof, the articles "a," "an," "the," and "said" are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements.

[0173] In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained. It is intended that all matter contained in the above description be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense, since various modifications can be made in the compositions and methods described above without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. 1. A cosmetic composition comprising: 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, at least one surfactant; and a rheology control agent comprising an inorganic salt.

2. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the inorganic salt to achieve a given viscosity is lower than an identical composition but lacking 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and / or 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol.

3. 10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, or a mixture thereof.

4. the at least one surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyglucoside, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, lauryl glucose carboxylate, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl glucoside, decyl glucoside, caprylyl / capryl glucoside, coco glucoside, hexyl glucoside, disodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, sodium palmoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, potassium cocoyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate Sodium, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Cocoyl Methyl Glucamide, Caprylyl / Capryl Methyl Glucamide, Lauroyl / Myristoyl Methyl Glucamide, Cocobetaine, Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Lauryl Betaine, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate, Sodium Lauroamphoacetate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate, Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate, Disodium Oleamide MIPA Sulfosuccinate, Cocamide DEA, Cocamide MEA, Cocamide MIPA, Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate, Potassium Cocoate, Potassium Palmate, Potassium Laurate, Potassium Olivate, Sodium Cocoyl Sulfate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Laureth Sulfate, Ammonium Cocosulfate, Magnesium Lauryl Sulfate, Magnesium Laureth Sulfate, Ammonium Laureth Sulfate, Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate, Sodium Myreth Sulfate, Magnesium Myreth Sulfate, Ammonium Myreth Sulfate １２ ~C １８ 10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the hydroxybenzoate is selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium hydroxybenzoate, sodium ...

5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, and the anionic surfactant comprises a sulfated surfactant.

6. 10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one surfactant comprises a mixture of at least one anionic surfactant and at least one nonionic surfactant, or a mixture of at least one anionic surfactant and at least one amphoteric surfactant.

7. 7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises a sulfated surfactant, the nonionic surfactant comprises an alkyl polyglucoside, and / or the amphoteric surfactant comprises a betaine.

8. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inorganic salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

9. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the composition further comprises at least one additional glycerol derivative or at least one additional preservative.

10. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the concentration of the surfactant is from about 1% to about 5% by weight.

11. The composition may be a shampoo, conditioner, dry shampoo, body wash, facial cleanser, face mask, bubble bath, cleansing emulsion, micellar water, makeup remover, cleansing wipes, hair mask, liquid soap, shaving soap, shaving foam, cleansing foam, day cream, anti-aging cream, body milk, facial lotion, body lotion, in-shower body lotion, body mousse, face serum, eye cream, sunscreen lotion, sun cream, face cream, aftershave lotion, pre-shave cream, hair removal cream, skin whitening gel, self-tanning cream, anti-acne gel, hair oil, hair styling gel, hair styling cream, pomade, anti-frizz serum, detangler, scalp treatment, hair colorant, split end fluid fluid), deodorant, antiperspirant, baby cream, insect repellent, hand cream, sunscreen lotion, sunscreen gel, foot cream, exfoliator, body scrub, bar soap, hair treatment, mouthwash, toothpaste, tooth whitening agent, moisturizer, serum, toner, aqua sorbet, cream gel, styling mousse, hydroalcoholic gel, body oil, shower emulsion, hairspray, combing cream, sunscreen, fragrance, perfume, mascara, foundation, primer, concealer, blush, bronzer, setting powder 8. The composition of claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of a lip balm, setting spray, blemish balm cream, color correcting cream, eyeliner, brow liner, night cream, eyebrow gel, highlighter, lip stain, lipstick, lip gloss, lip balm, lip crayon, hand sanitizer, nail polish remover, cellulite treatment, cuticle cream, eye shadow, bath additives, body mist, eau de toilette, lubricating gel, illuminator, hairspray, combing cream, baby powder, and diaper rash cream.

12. 1. A shampoo composition comprising: 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol, 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol, Sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, ammonium cocosulfate, magnesium lauryl sulfate, magnesium laureth sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, sodium cetearyl sulfate, sodium myreth sulfate, magnesium myreth sulfate, ammonium myreth sulfate, and C １２ ~C １８ a surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates; an optional rheology modifier comprising an inorganic salt; A shampoo composition in which the concentration of said inorganic salt to achieve a given viscosity is lower than an identical composition but lacking 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and / or 3-[(n-octyloxyoxy]-1,2-propanediol.

13. 1. A method for producing a cosmetic composition containing a preservative, comprising: mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol to form a preservative premix; combining the preservative premix with other components of the composition to form a composition comprising the preservative.

14. 1. A method for improving the rheology (thickening) of a low-salt cosmetic composition, comprising mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol with the composition, wherein the composition comprises 1% or less by weight of inorganic salts.

15. 1. A method for making a low-salt cosmetic composition, comprising mixing 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol with a composition that contains less inorganic salt than an identical composition but lacking the 3-(heptyloxy)propane-1,2-diol and / or 3-[(n-octyl)oxy]-1,2-propanediol to achieve a given viscosity.

Images