Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving radio signals in a communication system

Abstract

In one embodiment of a communication system, a method of operating a first communication node includes generating a first binary sequence and a second binary sequence; generating a first intermediate sequence having 2N elements based on the first and second binary sequences and a BPSK operation; generating a first signal sequence consisting of N elements based on an operation on elements of the first intermediate sequence; mapping first modulation symbols generated by modulating the first signal sequence to N subcarriers; and transmitting a first signal consisting of the mapped first modulation symbols, wherein the first and second binary sequences are generated based on a generator polynomial having a maximum degree p+1, where p is a natural number and N is a natural number. p It can be a natural number having a value of -1.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a radio signal transmission and reception technique in a communication system, and more particularly to a technique for improving the transmission and reception performance of a radio signal in a communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] With the development of information and communication technology, various wireless communication technologies have been developed. Representative wireless communication technologies include LTE (long term evolution) and NR (new radio) defined in the 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) (registered trademark) standard. LTE is one of the 4th Generation (4G) wireless communication technologies, and NR can be one of the 5th Generation (5G) wireless communication technologies. Wireless communication technologies after 5G (e.g., 6G (6th Generation), etc.) can be referred to as B5G (beyond 5G) wireless communication technologies.

[0003] In one embodiment of the communication system, a user can perform serving cell identification after acquiring time / frequency synchronization with the network in order to connect to the wireless network. The serving cell identification can be performed, for example, through PCI (physical cell identity) estimation using a predetermined synchronization signal. Each cell can have a different PCI and can transmit a synchronization signal including information for PCI identification (i.e., a synchronization signal indicating a PCI). For easy cell identification operation, the correlation characteristics between synchronization signals indicating different PCIs should be excellent, and the variability of the cross-correlation characteristics of all synchronization signal pairs should be as low as possible.

[0004] In addition, the number of distinguishable PCIs may be limited depending on the synchronization signal design method. In order to overcome this limitation and increase the number of distinguishable PCIs, in one embodiment of the communication system, a method of generating linearly distinct synchronization signals by cyclically shifting a cyclically distinct sequence may be used. The sequence generated through the cyclic shift may not follow the correlation characteristics of the original sequence. This may cause the correlation characteristics between the generated synchronization signal pairs to deteriorate, resulting in a problem of high variability in the cross-correlation characteristics. A technology that can effectively increase the number of distinguishable PCIs while maintaining the correlation characteristics of the synchronization signals and their variability may be required.

[0005] The matters described in this Background Art section are prepared to enhance understanding of the background of the invention, and may include matters that are not prior art already known to those having ordinary skill in the art to which this technology pertains. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned requirements, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a signal transmission / reception method and apparatus for improving the performance of cell identification operations based on radio signals in a communication system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In one embodiment of a communication system for achieving the above object, a method of operating a first communication node includes the steps of: generating first and second binary sequences consisting of 2N elements; generating a first intermediate sequence consisting of 2N elements based on the first and second binary sequences and a BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) operation; generating a first signal sequence consisting of N elements based on an operation on the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence; mapping first modulation symbols generated by modulating the first signal sequence to N subcarriers; and transmitting a first signal consisting of the mapped first modulation symbols, wherein the first and second binary sequences are generated based on a generator polynomial having a maximum degree (p+1) and a first identifier for the first communication node, where p is a natural number and N is a number less than or equal to (2 p It can be a natural number having a value of −1.

[0008] The generating of the first intermediate sequence may include generating first and second cyclic shift indexes based on the first identifier, applying the first cyclic shift index to the first binary sequence, applying the second cyclic shift index to the second binary sequence, performing the BPSK operation on a sum of the first and second binary sequences to which the first and second cyclic shift indexes have been applied, and obtaining the first intermediate sequence corresponding to a result of the BPSK operation.

[0009] The step of generating the first signal sequence may include the steps of multiplying a 2k-th element of the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence by a first coefficient which is a real number, multiplying a 2k+1-th element of the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence by a second coefficient which is a pure imaginary number, performing a sum operation on the 2k-th element multiplied by the first coefficient and the 2k+1-th element multiplied by the second coefficient, and obtaining a k-th element of the first signal sequence based on a result of the sum operation, where k may be an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than N.

[0010] The generating step of the first signal sequence may include the steps of multiplying a 2k-th element of the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence by a first coefficient which is a real number, multiplying a 2k+1-th element of the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence by a second coefficient which is a pure imaginary number, performing a sum operation on the 2k-th element multiplied by the first coefficient and the 2k+1-th element multiplied by the second coefficient, performing a rotational transform operation of a first angle on a complex plane on a result of the sum operation, and obtaining a k-th element of the first signal sequence based on a result of the rotational transform operation, wherein k may be an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than N.

[0011] The first angle may be one of π / 4, −π / 4, 3π / 4, or −3π / 4.

[0012] The first signal is a maximum of (2N+1) 2 It can support distinct values.

[0013] In one embodiment of the communication system for achieving the above object, a method of operating a first communication node includes the steps of generating first and second binary sequences each having (N / 2) elements and a third binary sequence each having M elements, and synthesizing the first to third binary sequences and BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) using a 1-bit ... the step of: generating a first intermediate sequence consisting of (N / 2) elements based on a (N / 2) keying operation; generating first and second element groups each consisting of (N / 2) elements based on the first intermediate sequence; generating a first signal sequence consisting of N elements based on the first and second element groups; mapping a first modulation symbol generated by modulating the first signal sequence to N subcarriers; and transmitting a first signal consisting of the mapped first modulation symbols, wherein the first and second binary sequences are generated based on a generator polynomial having a maximum degree (p-1), and first to third cyclic shift indexes determined based on a first identifier for the first communication node are applied to the first to third binary sequences, respectively, where p is a natural number and N is a number less than or equal to (2 p M may be a natural number having a value equal to or less than (N / 2).

[0014] The step of generating the first intermediate sequence may include the steps of determining the first to third cyclic shift indexes based on the first identifier, applying the first cyclic shift index to the first binary sequence, applying the second cyclic shift index to the second binary sequence, applying the third cyclic shift index to the third binary sequence, performing the BPSK operation on a sum of the first to third binary sequences to which the first to third cyclic shift indexes have been applied, and obtaining the first intermediate sequence corresponding to a result of the BPSK operation.

[0015] The step of determining the first to third cyclic shift indexes includes the steps of determining a first variable g based on a value of the first identifier, determining a second variable Ω based on the number of values ​​that the first identifier can have, and determining the first to third cyclic shift indexes based on one or more modulo operations with the first variable g, the second variable Ω, and a first reference value t, where the g, Ω, and t may be natural numbers.

[0016] The second cyclic shift index may be determined based on a t-modulo arithmetic and an Ω-modulo arithmetic on the first variable g.

[0017] The first signal may support up to (M×N×N) distinct values ​​for the first identifier.

[0018] The (N / 2) elements constituting the first element group may be represented by a k-th element, and the (N / 2) elements constituting the second element group may be represented by a (N / 2+k)-th element, and the generating of the first and second element groups may include obtaining the k-th element of the first element group based on the k-th element of the (N / 2) elements constituting the first intermediate sequence, and obtaining the (N / 2+k)-th element of the second element group based on the k-th element of the (N / 2) elements constituting the first intermediate sequence, and the N elements constituting the first signal sequence may be configured to include the (N / 2) elements constituting the first element group and the (N / 2) elements constituting the second element group, and k may be an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than (N / 2).

[0019] the (N / 2) elements constituting the first element group are represented by an (N / 2-1-k)th element, and the (N / 2) elements constituting the second element group are represented by an (N / 2+k)th element, and the generating of the first and second element groups includes obtaining the (N / 2-1-k)th element of the first element group based on a kth element of the (N / 2) elements constituting the first intermediate sequence, and obtaining the (N / 2+k)th element of the second element group based on the kth element of the (N / 2) elements constituting the first intermediate sequence, and the N elements constituting the first signal sequence are configured to include the (N / 2) elements constituting the first element group and the (N / 2) elements constituting the second element group, and the k is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than (N / 2).

[0020] The first modulation symbols mapped to the N subcarriers may have a central symmetric structure centered on a first reference subcarrier of the N subcarriers.

[0021] The first signal may have only real components in the time domain.

[0022] In one embodiment of the communication system for achieving the above object, the first communication node includes a processor, the processor being configured to generate first and second binary sequences each consisting of (N / 2) elements, and a third binary sequence consisting of M elements, and to synthesize the first to third binary sequences and BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) a first intermediate sequence consisting of (N / 2) elements based on a keying operation; generating first and second element groups each consisting of (N / 2) elements based on the first intermediate sequence; generating a first signal sequence consisting of N elements based on the first and second element groups; mapping a first modulation symbol generated by modulating the first signal sequence to N subcarriers; and transmitting a first signal consisting of the mapped first modulation symbols, wherein the first and second binary sequences are generated based on a generator polynomial having a maximum degree (p-1), and first to third cyclic shift indexes determined based on a first identifier for the first communication node are applied to the first to third binary sequences, respectively, where p is a natural number, and N is a number less than or equal to (2 p M may be a natural number having a value equal to or less than (N / 2).

[0023] When generating the first intermediate sequence, the processor may be further operable to cause the first communication node to determine the first to third cyclic shift indexes based on the first identifier, apply the first cyclic shift index to the first binary sequence, apply the second cyclic shift index to the second binary sequence, apply the third cyclic shift index to the third binary sequence, perform the BPSK operation on a sum of the first to third binary sequences to which the first to third cyclic shift indexes have been applied, and obtain the first intermediate sequence corresponding to a result of the BPSK operation.

[0024] When determining the first, second, and third cyclic shift indexes, the processor is operative to further cause the first communication node to determine a first variable g based on a value of the first identifier, determine a second variable Ω based on the number of values ​​the first identifier can have, and determine the first, second, and third cyclic shift indexes based on one or more modulo operations with the first variable g, the second variable Ω, and a first reference value t, where g, Ω, and t may be natural numbers.

[0025] The second cyclic shift index may be determined based on a t-modulo arithmetic and an Ω-modulo arithmetic on the first variable g.

[0026] The first signal may support up to (M×N×N) distinct values ​​for the first identifier. Effect of the Invention

[0027] According to an embodiment of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system, the performance of an estimation operation or an identification operation based on a wireless signal transmitted and received between a transmitting node and a receiving node can be improved. The wireless signal according to an embodiment of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system can support more identification index divisions while using the same frequency resource. According to the wireless signal according to an embodiment of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system, the computational complexity for an estimation operation or an identification operation can be reduced. The wireless signal according to an embodiment of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system can have lower transmission complexity while using the same frequency resource. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of a communication system. [Diagram 2] 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a communication node constituting a communication system; [Diagram 3]FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio frame structure in a communication system. [Figure 4] 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a signal transmission and reception method in a communication system. [Figure 5a] 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a first embodiment of a radio signal structure in a communication system. [Figure 5b] 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a first embodiment of a radio signal structure in a communication system. [Figure 6a] 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining first and second embodiments of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 6b] 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining first and second embodiments of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 6c] 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining first and second embodiments of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 6d] 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining first and second embodiments of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 7a] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 7b] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 7c] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 7d] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 7e] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 7f] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 7g] FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. [Figure 7h]FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The present disclosure can be modified in various ways and can have various embodiments, and a specific embodiment will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present disclosure to the specific embodiment, and it should be understood that the present disclosure includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives within the spirit and technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0030] Terms such as first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, the second component may be named a first component, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The term and / or includes a combination of multiple related listed items or any item of multiple related listed items.

[0031] When a component is said to be "coupled" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the component may be directly coupled or connected to the other component, but there may be other components in between. Conversely, when a component is said to be "directly coupled" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between.

[0032] The terms used in this disclosure are merely used to describe certain embodiments and are not intended to limit the disclosure. A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "include" or "have" are intended to specify the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood not to preclude the presence or additional possibility of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Terms as defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted to have a meaning consistent with the meaning they have in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined in this disclosure.

[0034] A communication system to which the embodiments of the present disclosure are applied will be described. The communication system to which the embodiments of the present disclosure are applied is not limited to the contents described below, and the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various communication systems. Here, the communication system may be used in the same sense as a communication network.

[0035] Throughout the specification, a network may include, for example, wireless Internet such as WiFi (wireless fidelity), mobile Internet such as WiBro (wireless broadband internet) or WiMax (world interoperability for microwave access), 2G mobile communication networks such as GSM (global system for mobile communication) or CDMA (code division multiple access), 3G mobile communication networks such as WCDMA (wideband code division multiple access) (registered trademark) or CDMA2000, 3.5G mobile communication networks such as HSDPA (high speed downlink packet access) or HSUPA (high speed uplink packet access), 4G mobile communication networks such as LTE (long term evolution) networks or LTE-Advanced networks, 5G mobile communication networks, B5G mobile communication networks (e.g., 6G mobile communication networks), and the like.

[0036] Throughout the specification, a terminal may refer to a mobile station, mobile terminal, subscriber station, portable subscriber station, user equipment, access terminal, etc., and may include all or some of the functions of a terminal, mobile station, mobile terminal, subscriber station, portable subscriber station, user equipment, access terminal, etc.

[0037] Here, the terminals that can be used include a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet PC, a wireless phone, a mobile phone, a smart phone, a smart watch, smart glass, an e-book reader, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a portable game console, a navigation device, a digital camera, a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) player, a digital audio recorder, a digital audio player, a digital picture recorder, a digital picture player, a digital video recorder, a digital video player, and the like, which are capable of communication.

[0038] Throughout the specification, a base station may refer to an access point, a radio access station, a node B, an evolved node B, a base transceiver station, a mobile multihop relay (MMR)-BS, etc., and may include all or some of the functions of a base station, an access point, a radio access station, a node B, an eNodeB, a base transceiver station, an MMR-BS, etc.

[0039] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate overall understanding of the present disclosure, the same reference numerals are used for the same components in the drawings, and duplicate descriptions of the same components are omitted.

[0040] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of a communication system.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 1, a communication system 100 may include a plurality of communication nodes 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6. The plurality of communication nodes may support 4G communication (e.g., LTE (long term evolution), LTE-A (advanced)) and 5G communication (e.g., NR (new radio)) defined in the 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) standard. The 4G communication may be performed in a frequency band of 6 GHz or less, and the 5G communication may be performed in a frequency band of 6 GHz or more as well as a frequency band of 6 GHz or less.

[0042] For example, for 4G and 5G communications, the communication nodes may support a code division multiple access (CDMA)-based communication protocol, a wideband CDMA (WCDMA)-based communication protocol, a time division multiple access (TDMA)-based communication protocol, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA)-based communication protocol, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based communication protocol, a filtered OFDM-based communication protocol, a cyclic prefix (CP)-OFDM-based communication protocol, a discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)-based communication protocol, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based communication protocol, a single carrier (SC)-FDMA-based communication protocol, a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), a generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM)-based communication protocol, a filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC)-based communication protocol, a universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC)-based communication protocol, a space division multiple access (SDMA)-based communication protocol, and the like.

[0043] Also, the communication system 100 may further include a core network. If the communication system 100 supports 4G communication, the core network may include a serving-gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN)-gateway (P-GW), a mobility management entity (MME), etc. If the communication system 100 supports 5G communication, the core network may include a user plane function (UPF), a session management function (SMF), an access and mobility management function (AMF), etc.

[0044] Each of the multiple communication nodes 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6 constituting the communication system 100 may have the following structure.

[0045] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a communication node constituting the communication system.

[0046] 2, the communication node 200 may include at least one processor 210, a memory 220, and a transceiver 230 coupled to a network for communication. The communication node 200 may further include an input interface device 240, an output interface device 250, a storage device 260, etc. Each component included in the communication node 200 is coupled to a bus 270 and can communicate with each other.

[0047] However, each component included in the communication node 200 may be connected via an individual interface or individual bus centered around the processor 210, instead of the common bus 270. For example, the processor 210 may be connected to at least one of the memory 220, the transceiver 230, the input interface unit 240, the output interface unit 250, and the storage unit 260 via a dedicated interface.

[0048] The processor 210 can execute program commands stored in at least one of the memory 220 and the storage device 260. The processor 210 refers to a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is performed. Each of the memory 220 and the storage device 260 may be composed of at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory 220 may be composed of at least one of a read only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

[0049] 1, the communication system 100 may include a plurality of base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, and a plurality of terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6. The communication system 100 including the base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, 120-2, and the terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, 130-6 may be referred to as an "access network." Each of the first base station 110-1, the second base station 110-2, and the third base station 110-3 may form a macro cell. Each of the fourth base station 120-1 and the fifth base station 120-2 may form a small cell. The fourth base station 120-1, the third terminal 130-3, and the fourth terminal 130-4 may belong to the cell coverage of the first base station 110-1. The second terminal 130-2, the fourth terminal 130-4, and the fifth terminal 130-5 may belong to the cell coverage of the second base station 110-2. The fifth base station 120-2, the fourth terminal 130-4, the fifth terminal 130-5, and the sixth terminal 130-6 may belong to the cell coverage of the third base station 110-3. The first terminal 130-1 may belong to the cell coverage of the fourth base station 120-1. The sixth terminal 130-6 may belong to the cell coverage of the fifth base station 120-2.

[0050] Here, each of the multiple base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 can be referred to as a Node B, evolved Node B, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, access point, access node, road side unit (RSU), radio remote head (RRH), transmission point (TP), transmission and reception point (TRP), eNB, gNB, etc.

[0051] Each of the multiple terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6 can be referred to as a UE (user equipment), a terminal, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a station, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a portable subscriber station, a node, a device, an IoT (Internet of Things) device, an on-board device (mounted module / device / terminal or on board device / terminal, etc.), etc.

[0052] In addition, each of the base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 may operate in different frequency bands or in the same frequency band. Each of the base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 may be connected via an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link, and may exchange information with each other via the ideal backhaul link or the non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 may be connected to the core network via an ideal backhaul link or a non-ideal backhaul link. Each of the multiple base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 can transmit signals received from the core network to the corresponding terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6, and can transmit signals received from the corresponding terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6 to the core network.

[0053] In addition, each of the multiple base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 can support MIMO transmission (e.g., single user (SU)-MIMO, multi user (MU)-MIMO, massive MIMO, etc.), coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission, carrier aggregation (CA) transmission, transmission in unlicensed bands, direct communication between terminals (device to device communication, D2D) (or proximity services (ProSe)), etc. Here, each of the multiple terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6 may perform operations corresponding to the base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2, and operations supported by the base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2. For example, the second base station 110-2 may transmit a signal to the fourth terminal 130-4 based on the SU-MIMO scheme, and the fourth terminal 130-4 may receive a signal from the second base station 110-2 using the SU-MIMO scheme. Alternatively, the second base station 110-2 can transmit signals to the fourth terminal 130-4 and the fifth terminal 130-5 based on the MU-MIMO scheme, and each of the fourth terminal 130-4 and the fifth terminal 130-5 can receive signals from the second base station 110-2 using the MU-MIMO scheme.

[0054] Each of the first base station 110-1, the second base station 110-2, and the third base station 110-3 can transmit a signal to the fourth terminal 130-4 based on the CoMP scheme, and the fourth terminal 130-4 can receive signals from the first base station 110-1, the second base station 110-2, and the third base station 110-3 by the CoMP scheme. Each of the multiple base stations 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, 120-1, and 120-2 can transmit and receive signals to and from terminals 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, 130-4, 130-5, and 130-6 that belong to its own cell coverage based on the CA scheme. Each of the first base station 110-1, the second base station 110-2, and the third base station 110-3 can control D2D between the fourth terminal 130-4 and the fifth terminal 130-5, and each of the fourth terminal 130-4 and the fifth terminal 130-5 can perform D2D under the control of the second base station 110-2 and the third base station 110-3, respectively.

[0055] Next, a method for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system will be described. Here, even when a method (e.g., transmitting or receiving a signal) performed in a first communication node among communication nodes is described, a corresponding second communication node can perform a method (e.g., receiving or transmitting a signal) equivalent to the method performed in the first communication node. For example, when an operation of a receiving node is described, a corresponding transmitting node can perform an operation equivalent to the operation of the receiving node. Conversely, when an operation of a transmitting node is described, a corresponding receiving node can perform an operation equivalent to the operation of the transmitting node.

[0056] FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio frame structure in a communication system.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 3, one radio frame in a communication system may be composed of 10 subframes, and one subframe may be composed of two time slots. One time slot may have a plurality of symbols in the time domain and may include a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain. The plurality of symbols in the time domain may be OFDM symbols. Hereinafter, for convenience, an embodiment of a radio frame structure in a communication system will be described by exemplifying an OFDM transmission mode in which the plurality of symbols in the time domain are OFDM symbols. However, this is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the embodiment of the radio frame structure in the communication system is not limited thereto. For example, other embodiments of the radio frame structure in a communication system may be configured to support other transmission modes such as a single carrier (SC) transmission mode.

[0058] In one embodiment of a communication system, one or more of the numerologies in Table 1 can be used for various purposes, such as inter-carrier interference (ICI) reduction due to frequency band characteristics and latency reduction due to service characteristics. [Table 1]

[0059] Table 1 is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the embodiment of the numerology used in the communication system is not limited thereto. Each numerology μ can correspond to information on a subcarrier spacing (SCS) Δf and a cyclic prefix (CP). The terminal can check the numerology μ and CP value applied to the downlink bandwidth part or the uplink bandwidth part based on the higher layer parameters "subcarrierSpacing", "cyclicPrefix", etc.

[0060] The time resources in which the wireless signal is transmitted in the communication system 300 include one or more

number

number

number

number

[0061] In one embodiment of the communication system, the frame 330 may have a length of 10 ms, and the subframe 320 may have a length of 1 ms. Each frame 330 may be divided into two half-frames having the same length, and the first half-frame (half-frame 0) may be composed of subframes 320 numbered 0 to 4, and the second half-frame (half-frame 1) may be composed of subframes 320 numbered 5 to 9. One carrier may have a set of frames for uplink (uplink frames) and a set of frames for downlink (downlink frames).

[0062] One slot can have 6 (in the case of Extended Cyclic Prefix) or 7 (in the case of Normal Cyclic Prefix) OFDM symbols. The time-frequency region defined as one slot can be called a Resource Block (RB). When one slot has 7 OFDM symbols, one subframe has 14 OFDM symbols.

number

[0063] A subframe may be divided into a control region and a data region. A physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may be assigned to the control region. A physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) may be assigned to the data region. Some of the subframes may be special subframes. The special subframe may include a downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS), a guard period (GP), and an uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS). The DwPTS can be used for time and frequency synchronization estimation and cell search of a terminal. The GP can be seen as a section for removing interference caused by multipath delay of a downlink signal.

[0064] In one embodiment of the communication system, a user can perform serving cell identification after acquiring time / frequency synchronization with the network in order to connect to the wireless network. The serving cell identification can be performed, for example, through PCI (physical cell identity) estimation using a predetermined synchronization signal. Each cell can have a different PCI and can transmit a synchronization signal including information for PCI identification (i.e., a synchronization signal indicating a PCI). For easy cell identification operation, the correlation characteristics between synchronization signals indicating different PCIs should be excellent, and the variability of the cross-correlation characteristics of all synchronization signal pairs should be as low as possible.

[0065] In addition, the number of distinguishable PCIs may be limited depending on the synchronization signal design method. In order to overcome this limitation and increase the number of distinguishable PCIs, in one embodiment of a communication system, a method of generating linearly distinct synchronization signals by cyclically shifting a cyclically distinct sequence may be used. The sequence generated through the cyclic shift may not follow the correlation characteristics of the original sequence. This may cause a problem that the correlation characteristics between the generated synchronization signal pair may be deteriorated and the variability of the cross-correlation characteristics may increase. A technology that can effectively increase the number of distinguishable PCIs while maintaining the correlation characteristics of the synchronization signals and their variability may be required.

[0066] In one embodiment of the communication system, the synchronization signal may be based on one or more sequences. The one or more sequences constituting the synchronization signal may be arranged in a frame 330, a subframe 320, a slot 310, or an OFDM symbol constituting the slot 310 in the time domain. In addition, the one or more sequences constituting the synchronization signal may be modulated and mapped to a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain. In one embodiment of the communication system, the one or more sequences constituting the synchronization signal may correspond to one or more binary sequences or complex sequences.

[0067] FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a first embodiment of a signal transmission and reception method in a communication system.

[0068] Referring to Fig. 4, the communication system 400 may include a plurality of communication nodes. For example, the communication system 400 may include at least a first communication node 401 and a second communication node 402. The first communication node 401 may be the same as or similar to the cell that transmits the synchronization signal described with reference to Fig. 3. The second communication node 402 may be the same as or similar to the receiving node that receives the synchronization signal described with reference to Fig. 3. Hereinafter, in describing an embodiment of a signal transmission / reception method in a communication system with reference to Fig. 4, contents that overlap with those described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 may be omitted.

[0069] In one embodiment of the communication system 400, the first communication node 401 may correspond to a cell, a base station, a network, etc. The first communication node 401 may transmit a first signal including identification information used by a user (UE, terminal, etc.) in the coverage of the first communication node 401 to identify the first communication node 401. For example, the first communication node 401 may be identified by the first identification information. The first identification information may correspond to a physical cell identity (PCI). Or the first identification information may correspond to information on the PCI. The first identification information may be generated based on the PCI. The first signal including the first identification information may correspond to a synchronization signal. The first signal may correspond to a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). However, this is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the first embodiment of the signal transmission and reception method in the communication system 400 is not limited thereto. The first signal may be configured with one or more sequences (hereinafter, one or more first signal sequences). The second communication node 402 can receive the first signal transmitted from the first communication node 401. The second communication node 402 can perform an identification to the first communication node 401 based on the received first signal.

[0070] Specifically, the first communication node 401 may generate one or more binary sequences (S410). The one or more binary sequences may correspond to a PN sequence. The PN sequence may be referred to as an "m-sequence." The first communication node 401 may generate one or more first signal sequences based on the one or more binary sequences (S420).

[0071] The first communication node 401 may modulate the one or more first signal sequences generated in step S420 and allocate (or map) them to radio resources (S430). For example, the first communication node 401 may modulate the one or more first signal sequences generated to generate one or more modulation symbols. The first communication node 401 may allocate the one or more generated modulation symbols onto time resources and / or frequency resources.

[0072] The first communication node 401 can transmit a first signal consisting of one or more first signal sequences modulated and mapped to radio resources to the second communication node 402 (S440). In other words, the first communication node 401 can transmit a first signal consisting of one or more modulation symbols modulated with one or more first signal sequences to the second communication node 402.

[0073] The second communication node 402 may receive a first signal transmitted from the first communication node 401 (S440). The second communication node may perform an identification operation for the first communication node 401 based on the first signal received in step S440 (S450). The identification in step S450 may include, for example, cell identification.

[0074] 5a and 5b are conceptual diagrams for explaining a first embodiment of a radio signal structure in a communication system.

[0075] Referring to Figures 5a and 5b, a communication system may include a plurality of communication nodes. The communication system may be the same as or similar to the communication system 400 described with reference to Figure 4. Hereinafter, in describing a first embodiment of a wireless signal structure in the communication system with reference to Figures 5a and 5b, the contents overlapping with those described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 may be omitted.

[0076] The first communication node can generate and transmit a wireless signal to a second communication node. The first communication node can generate one or more wireless signals. The first communication node can generate one or more wireless signal sequences to generate the one or more wireless signals. The first communication node can modulate one or more elements constituting the generated one or more wireless signal sequences and map them to one or more subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0077] In one embodiment of the communication system, when the number of one or more subcarriers to which the one or more wireless signal sequences are mapped is a natural number N equal to or greater than 1, the index k of the subcarriers may have a value of a natural number equal to or greater than 0 and equal to or less than N-1. That is, k=0, 1, ..., N-1. The one or more wireless signal sequences may be generated based on a predetermined identification index v. Here, the identification index v may correspond to, for example, the first identification information described with reference to FIG. 4. The identification index v may correspond to the first identification information. The identification index v may be determined based on the first identification information. Alternatively, the first identification information may also be determined based on the identification index v. The one or more wireless signal sequences may be generated based on, for example, S v (k) or one or more radio signal sequences may be distinguished by their generation scheme, S v、1 (k), S v、2 (k), S v、3 (k), S v、4 It can also be expressed as (k).

[0078] In one embodiment of the communication system, the first wireless signal may correspond to the first signal described with reference to Fig. 4. The first wireless signal may correspond to a synchronization signal, an SSS, etc. Or, the first wireless signal may correspond to a newly defined signal for cell identification. The first signal may also be referred to as an "identification signal".

[0079] In one embodiment of the communication system, a radio signal sequence S v (k) may be generated based on two binary sequences. v (k) is a set of N elements (S v (0), S v (1), ..., S v (N-1)) of the radio signal sequence S v (k) may be modulated and mapped to N subcarriers. FIG. 5a and FIG. 5b show the case where N is greater than 1 (i.e., the wireless signal sequence S v It can be seen that (k) is modulated and mapped to a plurality of subcarriers. However, this is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the first embodiment of the wireless signal structure in the communication system is not limited thereto.

[0080] Referring to FIG. 5a, in a first wireless signal structure 500, a wireless signal sequence S v The wireless signal sequence S(k) may be modulated and mapped to N subcarriers represented by index k (k=0, 1, ..., N-1). v (k) consists of N elements (S v (0), S v (1), ..., S v (N-1)) may be mapped to a subcarrier having a corresponding index. Here, v (k) is mapped to N subcarriers (i.e., the wireless signal sequence S v(N subcarriers to which the modulation symbols modulated by (k) are mapped) may be included in the first subcarrier group. The N subcarriers constituting the first subcarrier group may be adjacent to each other or spaced apart in the frequency domain. FIG. 5a shows a case in which at least some of the N subcarriers constituting the first subcarrier group are arranged to be adjacent to each other, but this is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the first embodiment of the wireless signal structure in the communication system is not limited thereto. For example, the first subcarrier group may be composed of N subcarriers that are spaced apart from each other. In other words, the first subcarrier group may be composed of N subcarriers that are not adjacent to each other.

[0081] One or more null subcarriers may be arranged around or between the N subcarriers constituting the first subcarrier group. The null subcarriers may not carry signals. In other words, the null subcarriers may not be assigned modulation symbols. The null subcarriers may have a value of 0. The null subcarriers may also correspond to gap subcarriers, direct current (DC) subcarriers, etc. The null subcarriers may be arranged to easily identify each subcarrier.

[0082] A null subcarrier may be arranged at the front end and / or rear end of the first subcarrier group in the frequency domain. For example, a null subcarrier may be arranged at the front end of a subcarrier corresponding to subcarrier index 0 and / or the rear end of a subcarrier corresponding to subcarrier index N-1. Also, one or more null subcarriers may be arranged between N subcarriers constituting the first subcarrier group. For example, a null subcarrier may be arranged at the front end and / or rear end of one or more subcarriers (hereinafter, central subcarriers) located in the center among the N subcarriers constituting the first subcarrier group. Alternatively, the first subcarrier group may be divided into a plurality of subgroups each including one or more subcarriers. A null subcarrier may be arranged at the front end and / or rear end of each subgroup.

[0083] Referring to FIG. 5b, in a second wireless signal structure 550, a wireless signal sequence S v (k) may be modulated and mapped to N subcarriers, represented by index k (k=0, 1, ..., N-1), where the wireless signal sequence S v The N subcarriers to which (k) is mapped may be included in a second subcarrier group. The second subcarrier group may be composed of N subcarriers that are at least partially adjacent to each other in the frequency domain. Here, there may be no null subcarriers between the N subcarriers constituting the second subcarrier group.

[0084] 6a to 6d are conceptual diagrams for explaining first and second embodiments of a radio signal generation method in a communication system.

[0085] Referring to Figures 6a and 6b, a communication system may include a plurality of communication nodes. The communication system may be the same as or similar to the communication system 400 described with reference to Figure 4. In the communication system, a wireless signal may have the same or similar structure as the first wireless signal structure 500 described with reference to Figure 5a or the second wireless signal structure 550 described with reference to Figure 5b. Hereinafter, in describing the first and second embodiments of the wireless signal generation method with reference to Figures 6a and 6b, the contents overlapping with those described with reference to Figures 1 to 5b may be omitted.

[0086] FIG. 6a is a conceptual diagram for explaining a first embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system.

[0087] <First embodiment of wireless signal generation method> In an embodiment of the communication system, the first communication node may generate a radio signal according to a first embodiment of a radio signal generation scheme. The first embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme may be referred to as a "Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) scheme." The first embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme may be referred to as a "Random BPSK scheme."

[0088] In the first embodiment of the wireless signal generation method, the first wireless signal may be generated based on one or more basic wireless signal sequences. The one or more basic wireless signal sequences may be generated based on one or more binary sequences. In other words, the one or more basic wireless signal sequences may correspond to a result of one or more binary sequences being converted by the first embodiment of the wireless signal generation method. For example, the one or more binary sequences may correspond to a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence or a binary PN sequence. The one or more binary sequences may also correspond to an m-sequence. Alternatively, the one or more binary sequences may be composed of a gold sequence generated through an element-wise exclusive-OR (XOR) operation on two different PN sequences.

[0089] In one embodiment of the communication system, a basic radio signal sequence S v (k) may be generated based on two first binary sequences x0(i) and x1(i). For example, the basic wireless signal sequence S v (k) may be defined the same as or similar to Equation 1.

number

[0090] In formula 1, [a] b means the b-modulo operation on the a value.

number

[0091] In Equation 1, Ξ means the number of distinguishable identification index v values. That is, the number of values ​​that the identification index v can have may correspond to Ξ=1008. The basic wireless signal sequence S generated by Equation 1 may be expressed as follows: v Depending on (k), a total of 1008 identification indexes can be identified. However, this is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the first embodiment of the wireless signal generation method is not limited thereto.

[0092] Theoretically, the basic radio signal sequence S v The maximum number of distinguishable identification indexes based on (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S vThe basic radio signal sequence S(k) can be defined as a combination of all possible cyclic shift indexes of the two first binary sequences x0(i) and x1(i). Each of the cyclic shift indexes v0 and v1 associated with the two first binary sequences x0(i) and x1(i) can have a total of 127 values. Thus, theoretically, the basic radio signal sequence S v The maximum number of distinguishable indexes based on (k) is 127. 2 = 16129. The basic radio signal sequence S v (k) can have up to 127 cyclically distinct sequences.

[0093] In one embodiment of the communication system, the value of the identification index v may be selected between 0 and Ξ-1. If v=19 is selected, it may be calculated as g=6, g0=0, g1=6, and u=1 based on Equation 1. In this case, the cyclic shift indexes associated with the two first binary sequences x0(i) and x1(i) may be calculated as v0=5 and v1=6. Based on the values ​​of the cyclic shift indexes v0 and v1 thus calculated, the basic radio signal sequence S v (k) can be calculated.

[0094] In Equation 1, a basic radio signal sequence S is generated based on two first binary sequences x0(i) and x1(i). v The formula for calculating (k) is "S v (k)=(1-2(x0([k+v0] 127 ))(1-2(x1([k+v1] 127 ))" can correspond to BPSK arithmetic. The basic radio signal sequence S v (k) can have the real value 1 or -1.

[0095] FIG. 6a shows a basic radio signal sequence S generated based on Equation 1 in the first embodiment of the radio signal generation method. v (k), or the basic radio signal sequence S vIt can be seen that an embodiment of a constellation map for a first wireless signal generated based on (k) (hereinafter, referred to as a basic constellation map) 610 is shown. The first wireless signal may be represented by two constellation points on the basic constellation map 610. Both of the two constellation points corresponding to the first wireless signal may have a real value of 1 or -1.

[0096] 6b to 6d are conceptual diagrams for explaining a second embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system.

[0097] <Second embodiment of wireless signal generation method> In an embodiment of the communication system, the first communication node may generate a radio signal according to a second embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme. The second embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme may be referred to as a "Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) scheme". The second embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme may be referred to as a "Random QPSK scheme". The second embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme may be referred to as a "π / 4 QPSK scheme".

[0098] In a second embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme, the first radio signal may be generated based on one or more first radio signal sequences. The one or more first radio signal sequences may be generated based on one or more binary sequences. The one or more first radio signal sequences may be generated based on one or more binary sequences. v、1 It can be expressed as (k).

[0099] In one embodiment of the communication system, a first radio signal sequence S v、1 The first wireless signal sequence S(k) may be generated based on the second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i). v、1 (k) is the first intermediate sequence Ψ v (m), a first intermediate sequence Ψ v(m) may be defined based on the second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i). The second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i) may correspond to a PN sequence. For example, the first wireless signal sequence S v、1 (k) may be defined the same as or similar to Equation 2.

number

[0100] In Equation 2, the value of N may be 127. The second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i) may be defined based on different generator polynomials having a maximum degree of 8. The second binary sequence x2(i) may be determined based on a second recurrence formula "x2(i+8)=[x2(i+7)+x2(i+6)+x2(i+5)+x2(i+2)+x2(i+1)+x2(i)]2". The third binary sequence x3(i) may be determined based on a third recurrence formula "x3(i+8)=[x3(i+7)+x3(i+6)+x3(i+1)+x3(i)]2". The recurrence formulas and numbers shown in Equation 2 are merely examples for convenience of explanation, and the second embodiment of the wireless signal generation method is not limited thereto. For example, the second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i) can be generated in various ways other than the recurrence formula shown in Equation 2.

[0101] Theoretically, the first radio signal sequence S v、1 The maximum number of identification indexes that can be distinguished based on (k) is the first wireless signal sequence S v、1 The first wireless signal sequence S(k) may be defined as a combination of all possible cyclic shift indexes of the second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i). The cyclic shift indexes v2 and v3 associated with the second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i), respectively, may have a total of 255 values. Thus, theoretically, the first wireless signal sequence S v、1The maximum number of distinguishable identification indexes based on (k) can correspond to 2552=65025. v、1 (k) can have up to 255 cyclically distinct sequences.

[0102] In Equation 2, Ξ means the number of distinguishable identification index v values. The first wireless signal sequence S generated by Equation 2 v、1 Depending on (k), a total of Ξ identification indexes may be identified. In one embodiment of the communication system, the value of the identification index v may be selected between 0 and Ξ-1. If v is selected as 999, then g=333 based on Equation 2,

number

[0333] Ω , u=0. In this case, the circular shift index associated with the two first binary sequences x0(i) and x1(i) can be calculated as

number

[0333] Ω Based on the values ​​of the cyclic shift indexes v2 and v3 thus calculated, the first wireless signal sequence S v、1 (k) may be calculated, where Ω may be calculated based on Ξ. For example, Ω may be calculated based on Ξ in a manner identical or similar to Equation 3.

number

[0103] In formula 3,

number

[0104] In Equation 2, a first intermediate sequence Ψ is calculated based on the second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i). v The formula for calculating (m) is "Ψ v (m)=1-2[x2([m+v2] 255 ))+x3([m+v3] 255 )]2” can correspond to BPSK operation. v (m) can have the real value 1 or -1.

[0105] FIG. 6b shows a first intermediate sequence Ψ generated based on Equation 2 in the second embodiment of the wireless signal generation method. v It can be seen that one embodiment of a constellation map for (m) (hereinafter, the first intermediate constellation map) 620 is shown. The first intermediate constellation map 620 may be the same as or similar to the base constellation map 610 described with reference to FIG. 6a.

[0106] In Equation 2, the first intermediate sequence Ψ calculated based on BPSK arithmetic v (m) based on the first radio signal sequence S v、1 Formula for calculating (k)

number

number

number

number

[0107] The other side of FIG. 6b shows a first wireless signal sequence S generated based on Equation 2 in the second embodiment of the wireless signal generation method. v、1 (k), or the first radio signal sequence S v、1It can be seen that an embodiment of a constellation map for a first wireless signal generated based on (k) (hereinafter, a first final constellation map) 630 is shown. The first wireless signal may be represented by, for example, four constellation points on the first final constellation map 630. Each of the four constellation points corresponding to the first wireless signal may have complex coordinates having a real part and an imaginary part on a complex plane.

[0108] The second final constellation map 640 shown in FIG. 6c includes a first radio signal sequence S corresponding to each of the four constellation points displayed on the first final constellation map 630. v、1 (k) and the first intermediate sequence Ψ v It can be seen that the relationship between the values ​​of (m) is shown. In the second final constellation map 640, the constellation point "00" corresponds to Ψ v (2k)=1, and Ψ v (2k+1)=1. The constellation point "01" corresponds to Ψ v (2k)=1, and Ψ v (2k+1)=-1. The constellation point "10" corresponds to Ψ v (2k)=-1, and Ψ v (2k+1)=1. The constellation point "11" corresponds to Ψ v (2k)=-1, and Ψ v (2k+1)=-1. On the second final constellation map 640, the first wireless signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 00 may be v、1 The value of (k) is

number

number

number

number

[0109] In addition, in Equation 2, the first intermediate sequence Ψ v (m) based on the first radio signal sequence S v、1 The formula for calculating (k) is:

number

number

[0110] FIG. 6d shows the first radio signal sequence S generated based on the modified Equation 4. v、1 (k), or the first radio signal sequence S v、1 It can be seen that an embodiment of a constellation map for the first wireless signal generated based on (k) (hereinafter, referred to as a third final constellation map) 650 is shown. In the third final constellation map 650, the first wireless signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 00 is v、1 The value of (k) is

number

number

number

number

[0111] The basic radio signal sequence S generated based on Equation 1 v (k) and the first wireless signal sequence S generated based on Equation 2 or Equation 4. v、1 (k) may be compared identically or similarly to Table 4. [Table 4]

[0112] Referring to Table 4, the basic radio signal sequence S v (k) and the first radio signal sequence S v、1 The number N of subcarriers onto which (k) is mapped after modulation may be equal to 127. However, the maximum number of cyclically distinct sequences, 16129 and 65025, may differ by a factor of about four. That is, the first wireless signal sequence S v、1 The first radio signal generated based on (k) is a basic radio signal sequence S v While using the same amount of frequency resources as the first wireless signal generated based on (k), it has an advantage that it can support four times more identification indexes. In addition, the first wireless signal sequence S v、1 Since (k) is generated based on a cyclically distinguishable sequence, the first wireless signal sequence S v、1(k) can maintain the correlation characteristics and variability between the synchronization signal pairs generated based on the first wireless signal sequence S v、1 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S v Although it has the advantages shown in Table 4 compared to (k), it has excellent correlation characteristics and has less variability in correlation characteristics. In addition, the first wireless signal sequence S v、1 The first radio signal generated based on (k) may have an advantage of being robust against an integer multiple carrier frequency offset (CFO).

[0113] 7a to 7h are conceptual diagrams for explaining a third embodiment of a radio signal generation method in a communication system.

[0114] Referring to Figures 7a to 7h, a communication system may include a plurality of communication nodes. The communication system may be the same as or similar to the communication system 400 described with reference to Figure 4. In the communication system, a second wireless signal may have the same or similar structure as the first wireless signal structure 500 described with reference to Figure 5a or the second wireless signal structure 550 described with reference to Figure 5b. Hereinafter, in describing the third embodiment of the wireless signal generation method with reference to Figures 7a to 7b, the contents overlapping with those described with reference to Figures 1 to 6b may be omitted.

[0115] <Third embodiment of wireless signal generation method> In an embodiment of the communication system, the first communication node can generate a second radio signal according to a third embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme. In the third embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme, the second radio signal can be generated based on one or more second radio signal sequences. The one or more second radio signal sequences can be generated based on one or more binary sequences. The one or more second radio signal sequences can be generated based on S v、2 It can be expressed as (k).

[0116] In one embodiment of the communication system, a second radio signal sequence Sv、2 The second wireless signal sequence S(k) may be generated based on the second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i). v、2 (k) is the first intermediate sequence Ψ v (m), a first intermediate sequence Ψ v (m) may be defined based on the second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i). The second binary sequence x2(i) and the third binary sequence x3(i) may correspond to a PN sequence. For example, the second wireless signal sequence S v、2 (k) may be defined the same as or similar to Equation 5.

number

[0117] Equation 5 may be partially the same as Equation 2 described with reference to the second embodiment of the wireless signal generation method, or may be partially different. v (m) based on the second radio signal sequence S v、2 Formula for calculating (k)

number

number

number

number

[0118] 7a and 7b show a second wireless signal sequence S generated based on Equation 5 in the third embodiment of the wireless signal generation method. v、2 (k), or the second radio signal sequence S v、2 It can be seen that embodiments of constellation maps for a second radio signal generated based on (k) (hereinafter, first constellation map 710 and second constellation map 720) are shown.

[0119] The first constellation map 710 is

number

[0120] A second radio signal sequence S, represented by, for example, four constellation points on the first constellation map 710 shown in FIG. v、2(k) is a first wireless signal sequence S defined as Equation 2. v、1 6d, the four constellation points on the first constellation map 710 may correspond to the result of performing a rotation transformation operation of size π / 4 on the complex plane on (k). In other words, the four constellation points on the first constellation map 710 may correspond to the result of shifting the four constellation points on the second final constellation map 640 shown in FIG. 6d by a rotation angle of π / 4 on the complex plane.

[0121] The second constellation map 720 is

number

[0122] A second wireless signal sequence S, represented by, for example, four constellation points on a second constellation map 720 shown in FIG. v、2 (k) is a first wireless signal sequence S defined as Equation 2. v、16d, the four constellation points on the second final constellation map 640 may be shifted by a rotation angle of −π / 4 on the complex plane.

[0123] The second radio signal sequence S described with reference to Figs. 7a and 7b v、2 (k) is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the second embodiment of the wireless signal generation method is not limited thereto. For example, in one embodiment of the communication system, the second wireless signal sequence S v、2 The definition of (k) can also be changed to Equation 6.

number

[0124] In Equation 6, the first intermediate sequence Ψ v (m) based on the second radio signal sequence S v、2 Formula for calculating (k)

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0125] FIG. 7c shows a second radio signal sequence S v、2 It can be seen that a third embodiment of a constellation map for the second radio signal (hereinafter, the third constellation map) 730 is shown. On the third constellation map 730, the second radio signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 00 is v、2 The value of (k) may be an imaginary number j. v、2 The value of (k) may be a real number −1. v、2 The value of (k) may be the real number 1. The second radio signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 11 v、2 The value of (k) can be an imaginary number -j.

[0126] The second radio signal sequence S is represented by, for example, four constellation points on the third constellation map 730 shown in FIG. v、2 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S defined as Equation 4. v、16d, the four constellation points on the third final constellation map 650, etc., may be shifted by a rotation angle of 3π / 4 on the complex plane.

[0127] FIG. 7d shows a second radio signal sequence S v、2 It can be seen that a fourth embodiment of a constellation map for the second radio signal (hereinafter, the fourth constellation map) 740 is shown. On the fourth constellation map 740, the second radio signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 00 is v、2 The value of (k) may be the real number 1. The second wireless signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 01 v、2 The value of (k) may be an imaginary number j. v、2 The value of (k) may be an imaginary number -j. v、2 The value of (k) can be a real number minus one.

[0128] The second radio signal sequence S is represented by, for example, four constellation points on a fourth constellation map 740 shown in FIG. v、2 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S defined as Equation 2. v、1 6d, the four constellation points on the fourth constellation map 740 may correspond to the result of performing a rotation transformation operation of size 3π / 4 on the complex plane on (k). In other words, the four constellation points on the fourth constellation map 740 may correspond to the result of shifting the four constellation points on the second final constellation map 640 shown in FIG. 6d by a rotation angle of 3π / 4 on the complex plane.

[0129] FIG. 7e shows a second radio signal sequence S v、2It can be seen that a fifth embodiment of a constellation map for the second radio signal (hereinafter, the fifth constellation map) 750 is shown. On the fifth constellation map 750, the second radio signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 00 is v、2 The value of (k) may be the real number 1. The second wireless signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 01 v、2 The value of (k) may be an imaginary number j. v、2 The value of (k) may be an imaginary number -j. v、2 The value of (k) can be a real number minus one.

[0130] The second radio signal sequence S is represented by, for example, four constellation points on the fifth constellation map 750 shown in FIG. v、2 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S defined as Equation 4. v、1 6d, the four constellation points on the third final constellation map 650 may be shifted by a rotation angle of −π / 4 on the complex plane.

[0131] FIG. 7f shows a second radio signal sequence S v、2 It can be seen that a sixth embodiment of a constellation map for the second radio signal (hereinafter, the sixth constellation map) 760 is shown. On the sixth constellation map 760, the second radio signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 00 is v、2 The value of (k) may be a real number −1. v、2 The value of (k) may be an imaginary number -j. v、2The value of (k) may be an imaginary number j. v、2 The value of (k) can be the real number 1.

[0132] The second radio signal sequence S is displayed as four constellation points on the sixth constellation map 760 shown in FIG. v、2 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S defined as Equation 4. v、1 6d, the four constellation points on the sixth constellation map 760 may correspond to the result of performing a rotation transformation operation of −3π / 4 size on the complex plane on (k). In other words, the four constellation points on the sixth constellation map 760 may correspond to the result of shifting the four constellation points on the third final constellation map 650 shown in FIG. 6d by a rotation angle of −3π / 4 on the complex plane.

[0133] FIG. 7g shows a second radio signal sequence S v、2 It can be seen that a seventh embodiment of a constellation map for the second radio signal (hereinafter, the seventh constellation map) 770 is shown. On the seventh constellation map 770, the second radio signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 00 is v、2 The value of (k) may be an imaginary number -j. v、2 The value of (k) may be the real number 1. The second wireless signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 10 v、2 The value of (k) may be a real number −1. v、2 The value of (k) can be an imaginary number j.

[0134] The second radio signal sequence S is represented by, for example, four constellation points on the seventh constellation map 770 shown in FIG. 7g. v、2 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S defined as Equation 4. v、16d, the four constellation points on the seventh constellation map 770 may correspond to the result of performing a rotation transformation operation of −π / 4 size on the complex plane on (k). In other words, the four constellation points on the seventh constellation map 770 may correspond to the result of shifting the four constellation points on the third final constellation map 650 shown in FIG. 6d by a rotation angle of −π / 4 on the complex plane.

[0135] FIG. 7h shows the second radio signal sequence S v、2 It can be seen that an eighth embodiment of a constellation map for the second radio signal (hereinafter, the eighth constellation map) 780 is shown. On the eighth constellation map 780, the second radio signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 00 is v、2 The value of (k) may be an imaginary number -j. v、2 The value of (k) may be a real number −1. v、2 The value of (k) may be the real number 1. The second radio signal sequence S corresponding to the constellation point 11 v、2 The value of (k) can be an imaginary number j.

[0136] The second radio signal sequence S is displayed as four constellation points on the eighth constellation map 780 shown in FIG. v、2 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S defined as Equation 2. v、1 6d, the four constellation points on the eighth constellation map 780 may correspond to the result of performing a rotation transformation operation of −3π / 4 size on the complex plane on (k). In other words, the four constellation points on the eighth constellation map 780 may correspond to the result of shifting the four constellation points on the second final constellation map 640 shown in FIG. 6d by a rotation angle of −3π / 4 on the complex plane.

[0137] In the first to eighth constellation maps 710, ..., 780 described with reference to Figures 7a to 7h, the four constellation points corresponding to the second radio signal generated by the third embodiment of the radio signal generation method may all be located on the real axis or the imaginary axis in the complex plane. The third embodiment of the radio signal generation method may be referred to as an "Axis QPSK (AQPSK) method" or an "AQPSK generation method".

[0138] The second communication node receives a second radio signal sequence S generated by the third embodiment of the radio signal generation method. v、2 (k). The second communication node can transmit the second wireless signal generated based on the third embodiment of the wireless signal generation scheme to the second communication node. The second communication node can receive the second wireless signal. The second communication node can perform an estimation operation, an identification operation, etc. based on the second wireless signal. Here, the second wireless signal sequence S generated by the third embodiment of the wireless signal generation scheme is v、2 (k) may have a real value (e.g., 1, -1) or a pure imaginary value (e.g., j, -j). As a result, when the second communication node performs an estimation operation or an identification operation based on the second wireless signal generated according to the third embodiment of the wireless signal generation method, a separate complex multiplication operation may not be required. Such an estimation operation or identification operation may require a smaller amount of calculation (or an amount of calculation resources) and may have a lower degree of calculation complexity than the estimation operation or identification operation based on the first wireless signal generated according to the second embodiment of the wireless signal generation method described with reference to Figs. 6b to 6d. That is, the performance of the estimation operation or identification operation performed by the communication node receiving the second wireless signal generated according to the third embodiment of the wireless signal generation method may be improved.

[0139] In addition, the second wireless signal generated according to the third embodiment of the wireless signal generation method may have the same or similar advantages as the first wireless signal generated according to the second embodiment of the wireless signal generation method.

[0140] <Fourth embodiment of wireless signal generation method> In an embodiment of the communication system, the first communication node can generate a third radio signal according to a fourth embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme. In the fourth embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme, the third radio signal can be generated based on one or more third radio signal sequences. The one or more first radio signal sequences can be generated based on one or more binary sequences. The one or more third radio signal sequences can be generated based on S v、3 It can be expressed as (k).

[0141] In one embodiment of the communication system, a third radio signal sequence S v、3 The third wireless signal sequence S(k) may be generated based on the fourth binary sequence x4(i), the fifth binary sequence x5(i), and the sixth binary sequence x6(i). The fourth binary sequence x4(i), the fifth binary sequence x5(i), and the sixth binary sequence x6(i) may correspond to the PN sequence. For example, the third wireless signal sequence S v、3 (k) may be defined the same as or similar to Equation 7.

number

[0142] In Equation 7, the value of N may be 126 or 127. When N is 126, it can be seen that one of the 127 subcarriers (e.g., the center subcarrier) in the first subcarrier group described with reference to FIG. 5a is excluded from the indexing. It can be seen that when N is 127, the center subcarrier among the 127 subcarriers in the first subcarrier group is included in the indexing, and the value assigned to the center subcarrier is 0. The third wireless signal sequence S defined based on Equation 7 can be seen as follows: v、3 The elements constituting (k) may be divided into a first element group and a second element group based on the central subcarrier.

[0143] The fourth binary sequence x4(i) and the fifth binary sequence x5(i) may be defined based on different generating polynomials having a maximum degree of 6. The fourth binary sequence x4(i) may be determined based on the fourth recurrence formula "x4(i+6)=[x4(i+1)+x4(i+0)]2". The fifth binary sequence x5(i) may be determined based on the fifth recurrence formula "x5(i+6)=[x5(i+5)+x5(i+2)+x5(i+1)+x5(i+0)]2". The sixth binary sequence x6(i) may be defined based on a generating polynomial having a maximum degree of 3. The sixth binary sequence x6(i) may be determined based on the sixth recurrence formula "x6(i+3)=[x6(i+2)+x6(i+0)]2". The recurrence formula and numbers shown in Equation 7 are merely examples for convenience of explanation, and the fourth embodiment of the wireless signal generation method is not limited thereto. For example, the fourth binary sequence x4(i), the fifth binary sequence x5(i), and the sixth binary sequence x6(i) can be generated in various ways other than the recurrence formula shown in Equation 7.

[0144] In one embodiment of the communication system, a third radio signal sequence S v、3 The N elements constituting (k) may be divided into a first group and a second group. For example, the third wireless signal sequence S v、3 (k) may be generated based on a first group (or first element group) consisting of N / 2 elements and a second group (or second element group) consisting of N / 2 elements.

[0145] In one embodiment of the communication system, the first group is S v、3 [k], and the second group is S v、3 It can be expressed as [k+N / 2]. The first group S v、3 [k] and the second group S v、3 In [k+N / 2], k can have a value equal to or greater than 0 and less than N / 2. In Equation 7, the third wireless signal sequence S is calculated based on the fourth binary sequence x4(i), the fifth binary sequence x5(i), and the sixth binary sequence x6(i).v、3 (k) 1st group S v、3 The formula for calculating [k] is "S v、3 [k]=1-2[x4([k+v4] 63 )+x5([k+v5] 63 )+x6([k+v6]7)]2" can correspond to BPSK calculation. Note that the third radio signal sequence S v、3 (k) Second Group S v、3 [k+N / 2] is the first group S v、3 [k] repetitions. This results in a third radio signal sequence S including the first and second groups. v、3 (k) may have a real value of 1 or −1. Alternatively, in one embodiment of the communication system, the first group may include an intermediate sequence S v、3 In this case, the second group can be determined based on the intermediate sequence S v、3 Iteration [k] (i.e., S v、3 [k+N / 2]).

[0146] Theoretically, the third radio signal sequence S v、3 The maximum number of identification indexes that can be distinguished based on (k) is the third wireless signal sequence S v、3 The third wireless signal sequence S(k) may be defined as a combination of all possible cyclic shift indexes of the fourth binary sequence x4(i), the fifth binary sequence x5(i) and the sixth binary sequence x6(i). The cyclic shift indexes v4 and v5 associated with the fourth binary sequence x4(i) and the fifth binary sequence x5(i) may have a total of 63 values. The cyclic shift index v6 ​​associated with the sixth binary sequence x6(i) may have a total of 7 values. Thus, theoretically, the third wireless signal sequence S(k) may be defined as a combination of all possible cyclic shift indexes of the fourth binary sequence x4(i), the fifth binary sequence x5(i) and the sixth binary sequence x6(i). The cyclic shift index v4 and v5 associated with the fourth binary sequence x4(i) and the fifth binary sequence x5(i) may have a total of 63 values. The cyclic shift index v6 ​​associated with the sixth binary sequence x6(i) may have a total of 7 values. v、3 The maximum number of distinguishable identification indexes based on (k) can be 63×63×7=16129. v、3 (k) can have up to 63 cyclically distinct sequences.

[0147] In one embodiment of the communication system, the value of the discrimination index v may be selected between 0 and Ξ-1. If v=999 is selected, then g=333 based on Equation 7.

number

[0333] Ω , g2=0, u=0. In this case, the cyclic shift indexes associated with the fourth binary sequence x4(i), the fifth binary sequence x5(i), and the sixth binary sequence x6(i) can be calculated as v4=0, v5= Ω and

number

number

[0148] In Equation 8, if Ξ is set as 1008, Ω may be determined as 48. If the value of Ξ is set as twice 1008 (i.e., 2016), Ω may be determined as 48. Based on the value of Ω determined based on Equation 8, values ​​of cyclic shift indexes v4, v5, and v6 may be determined. In Equation 7 and Equation 8, 441 may correspond to a first reference value. Setting the first reference value to 441 is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the fourth embodiment of the wireless signal generation method is not limited thereto.

[0149] The basic radio signal sequence S generated based on Equation 1 v (k) and the third radio signal sequence S generated based on Equation 7. v、3(k) may be compared identically or similarly to Table 5. [Table 5]

[0150] Referring to Table 5, the basic radio signal sequence S v The number N of subcarriers onto which (k) is mapped after modulation may be 127, and the third wireless signal sequence S v、3 The number N of subcarriers onto which (k) is mapped after modulation may be 126. That is, the third wireless signal sequence S generated by the fourth embodiment of the wireless signal generation method v、3 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S v (k) or can support about 1.72 times more identification indexes while using the same frequency resource. v、3 Since the third wireless signal sequence S(k) is generated based on a linearly distinguishable sequence, v、3 The correlation characteristics and variability between the synchronization signal pairs generated based on (k) can be maintained.

[0151] <Fifth embodiment of wireless signal generation method> In an embodiment of the communication system, the first communication node can generate a fourth radio signal according to a fifth embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme. In the fifth embodiment of the radio signal generation scheme, the fourth radio signal can be generated based on one or more fourth radio signal sequences. The one or more first radio signal sequences can be generated based on one or more binary sequences. The one or more fourth radio signal sequences can be generated based on S v、4 It can be expressed as (k).

[0152] In one embodiment of the communication system, a fourth radio signal sequence S v、4 The fourth wireless signal sequence S(k) may be generated based on the seventh binary sequence x7(i), the eighth binary sequence x8(i) and the ninth binary sequence x9(i). v、4The fourth wireless signal sequence S(k) may be generated based on a second intermediate sequence ζ(m), which may be defined based on a seventh binary sequence x7(i), an eighth binary sequence x8(i), and a ninth binary sequence x9(i). The seventh binary sequence x7(i), the eighth binary sequence x8(i), and the ninth binary sequence x9(i) may correspond to a PN sequence. For example, the fourth wireless signal sequence S v、4 (k) may be defined the same as or similar to Equation 9.

number

[0153] In Equation 9, the value of N may be 126 or 127. When N is 126, it can be seen that one of the 127 subcarriers (e.g., the center subcarrier) in the first subcarrier group described with reference to FIG. 5a is excluded from indexing. In addition, when N is 127, it can be seen that the center subcarrier of the 127 subcarriers in the first subcarrier group is included in the indexing, and the value assigned to the center subcarrier is 0.

[0154] The seventh binary sequence x7(i) and the eighth binary sequence x8(i) may be defined based on different generating polynomials having a maximum degree of 6. The seventh binary sequence x7(i) may be determined based on the seventh recurrence formula "x7(i+6)=[x7(i+1)+x7(i+0)]2". The eighth binary sequence x8(i) may be determined based on the eighth recurrence formula "x8(i+6)=[x8(i+5)+x8(i+2)+x8(i+1)+x8(i+0)]2". The ninth binary sequence x9(i) may be defined based on a generating polynomial having a maximum degree of 3. The ninth binary sequence x9(i) may be determined based on the ninth recurrence formula "x9(i+3)=[x9(i+2)+x9(i+0)]2". The recurrence formula and numbers shown in Equation 9 are merely examples for convenience of explanation, and the fifth embodiment of the wireless signal generation method is not limited thereto. For example, the seventh binary sequence x7(i), the eighth binary sequence x8(i), and the ninth binary sequence x9(i) can be generated in various ways other than the recurrence formula shown in Equation 9.

[0155] In formula 9, the formula “ζ(m)” is used to calculate the second intermediate sequence ζ(m) based on the seventh binary sequence x7(i), the eighth binary sequence x8(i), and the ninth binary sequence x9(i). v (m)=1-2[x7([m+v7] 63 )+x8([m+v8] 63 )+x9([m+v9]7)]2" can correspond to BPSK operation. v、4 (k) 1st group S v、4 (N / 2-1-k) is a sequence of the second intermediate sequence ζ(m) based on the v、4 (N / 2-1-k)=ζ v The fourth radio signal sequence S v、4 (k) Second Group S v、4 (k+N / 2) is a sequence of the second intermediate sequence ζ(m) based on the v、4 (k+N / 2)=ζ v (k)” for the fourth radio signal sequence S v、4 (k) 2nd group 2nd group S v、4(k+N / 2) is the first group S v、4 (N / 2-1-k) symmetric repetitions. This results in a fourth radio signal sequence S including the first and second groups. v、4 (k) can have the real value 1 or -1.

[0156] In Equation 9, Ω can be calculated based on Ξ, which means the number of distinguishable identification index v values. v、4 Depending on (k), a total of Ξ identification indexes may be identified, where Ω may be calculated based on Ξ in the same or similar manner as in Equation 8.

[0157] The fourth radio signal sequence S generated based on Equation 9 v、4 (k) is the third radio signal sequence S described with reference to Table 5 v、3 That is, the fourth wireless signal sequence S generated by the fifth embodiment of the wireless signal generation method may have the same or similar advantages as those of the fourth wireless signal sequence S(k). v、4 (k) is the basic radio signal sequence S v (k) or can support about 1.72 times more identification indexes while using the same frequency resources.

[0158] In addition, the fourth radio signal sequence S v、4 (k) is defined as in Equation 9, the fourth wireless signal sequence S v、4 The time domain signal s v、4 [n] can be determined as in Equation 10.

number

[0159] The fourth radio signal sequence S expressed as Equation 10 v、4 The time domain signal s v、4 Referring to [n], signal s v、4[n] may have only real components in the time domain. The first communication node that transmits the fourth wireless signal may transmit only the real part when transmitting the fourth wireless signal. This may reduce the transmission complexity of the fourth wireless signal.

[0160] According to an embodiment of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system, the performance of an estimation operation or an identification operation based on a wireless signal transmitted and received between a transmitting node and a receiving node can be improved. The wireless signal according to an embodiment of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system can support more identification index divisions while using the same frequency resource. The wireless signal according to an embodiment of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system can reduce the computational complexity for an estimation operation or an identification operation. The wireless signal according to an embodiment of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system can have lower transmission complexity while using the same frequency resource.

[0161] However, the effects that can be achieved by the embodiments of the method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a wireless signal in a communication system are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains from the configurations described in the specification of the present disclosure.

[0162] The operation of the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may be embodied as a computer readable program or code in a computer readable recording medium. The computer readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording devices in which information readable by a computer system is stored. In addition, the computer readable recording medium may be distributed among computer systems connected via a network, and the computer readable program or code may be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

[0163] The computer-readable recording medium may also include a hardware device specially configured to store and execute program instructions, such as a ROM, a RAM, a flash memory, etc. The program instructions may include not only machine code, such as produced by a compiler, but also high-level language code that may be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc.

[0164] Some aspects of the present disclosure have been described in the context of an apparatus, but they can also be described in the context of a corresponding method, where the blocks or apparatus correspond to method steps or features of the method steps. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method can also be described in the context of a corresponding block or item or feature of the corresponding apparatus. Some or all of the method steps can be performed by (or using) a hardware device, such as, for example, a microprocessor, a programmable computer, or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, at least one or more of the most important method steps can be performed by such a device.

[0165] In embodiments, a programmable logic device (e.g., a field programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functions of the methods described herein. In embodiments, a field programmable gate array may operate in conjunction with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described herein. In general, it is preferred that the methods be performed by some hardware apparatus.

[0166] Although the present disclosure has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that the present disclosure can be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims below.

Claims

1. 1. A method of operating a first communication node in a communication system, comprising: generating first and second binary sequences consisting of 2N elements; generating a first intermediate sequence consisting of 2N elements based on the first and second binary sequences and a Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) operation; generating a first signal sequence consisting of N elements based on operations on the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence; mapping first modulation symbols generated by modulating the first signal sequence onto N subcarriers; transmitting a first signal consisting of the mapped first modulation symbols; the first and second binary sequences are generated based on a generator polynomial having a maximum degree (p+1) and a first identifier for the first communication node; The p is a natural number, and the N is (2 ｐ −1), A method of operating a first communication node.

2. The step of generating a first intermediate sequence comprises: generating first and second cyclic shift indexes based on the first identifier; applying the first cyclic shift index to the first binary sequence; applying the second cyclic shift index to the second binary sequence; performing the BPSK operation on a sum of the first and second binary sequences to which the first and second cyclic shift indexes have been applied; obtaining the first intermediate sequence corresponding to a result of the BPSK operation; A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 1.

3. The step of generating a first signal sequence comprises: multiplying a 2k-th element of the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence by a first coefficient that is a real number; multiplying a (2k+1)th element of the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence by a second coefficient which is a pure imaginary number; performing a sum operation on the 2k-th element multiplied by the first coefficient and the 2k+1-th element multiplied by the second coefficient; obtaining a k-th element of the first signal sequence based on a result of the sum operation; The k is an integer equal to or greater than 0 and smaller than N. A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 1.

4. The step of generating a first signal sequence comprises: multiplying a 2k-th element of the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence by a first coefficient that is a real number; multiplying a (2k+1)th element of the 2N elements constituting the first intermediate sequence by a second coefficient which is a pure imaginary number; performing a sum operation on the 2k-th element multiplied by the first coefficient and the 2k+1-th element multiplied by the second coefficient; performing a rotation transformation operation by a first angle on a complex plane on the result of the sum operation; obtaining a k-th element of the first signal sequence based on a result of the rotational transformation operation; The k is an integer equal to or greater than 0 and smaller than N. A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 1.

5. the first angle is one of π / 4, −π / 4, 3π / 4, or −3π / 4; A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 4.

6. The first signal has a maximum of (2N+1) ２ Supporting distinct values ​​of A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 1.

7. 1. A method of operating a first communication node in a communication system, comprising: generating first and second binary sequences of (N / 2) elements and a third binary sequence of M elements; generating a first intermediate sequence consisting of (N / 2) elements based on the first to third binary sequences and a Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) operation; generating first and second element groups, each of which is composed of (N / 2) elements, based on the first intermediate sequence; generating a first signal sequence consisting of N elements based on the first and second groups of elements; mapping first modulation symbols generated by modulating the first signal sequence onto N subcarriers; transmitting a first signal consisting of the mapped first modulation symbols; The first and second binary sequences are generated based on a generator polynomial having a maximum degree (p-1), and first to third cyclic shift indexes are applied to the first to third binary sequences, respectively, the indexes being determined based on a first identifier for the first communication node, where p is a natural number, and N is a number that is less than or equal to (2 ｐ -2), and M is a natural number having a value equal to or less than (N / 2); A method of operating a first communication node.

8. The step of generating a first intermediate sequence comprises: determining the first through third cyclic shift indexes based on the first identifier; applying the first cyclic shift index to the first binary sequence; applying the second cyclic shift index to the second binary sequence; applying the third cyclic shift index to the third binary sequence; performing the BPSK operation on a sum of the first to third binary sequences to which the first to third cyclic shift indexes have been applied; obtaining the first intermediate sequence corresponding to a result of the BPSK operation; A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 7.

9. The step of determining the first to third cyclic shift indexes includes: determining a first variable g based on the value of the first identifier; determining a second variable Ω based on the number of values ​​that the first identifier can have; determining the first, second, and third cyclic shift indexes based on the first variable g, the second variable Ω, and a first reference value t and one or more modulo operations; The g, Ω, and t are natural numbers. A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 8.

10. the second cyclic shift index is determined based on a t-modulo arithmetic and an Ω-modulo arithmetic on the first variable g. A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 9.

11. The first signal supports up to (M×N×N) distinct values ​​for the first identifier. A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 8.

12. The (N / 2) elements constituting the first element group are represented by a k-th element, and the (N / 2) elements constituting the second element group are represented by a (N / 2+k)-th element, The step of generating the first and second element groups includes: obtaining the k-th element of the first element group based on a k-th element of the (N / 2) elements constituting the first intermediate sequence; obtaining the (N / 2+k)th element of the second element group based on the kth element of the (N / 2) elements constituting the first intermediate sequence; The N elements constituting the first signal sequence are configured to include the (N / 2) elements constituting the first element group and the (N / 2) elements constituting the second element group; The k is an integer equal to or greater than 0 and smaller than (N / 2); A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 7.

13. The (N / 2) elements constituting the first element group are represented by an (N / 2-1-k)th element, and the (N / 2) elements constituting the second element group are represented by an (N / 2+k)th element, The step of generating the first and second element groups includes: obtaining the (N / 2-1-k)th element of the first element group based on a kth element of the (N / 2) elements constituting the first intermediate sequence; obtaining the (N / 2+k)th element of the second element group based on the kth element of the (N / 2) elements constituting the first intermediate sequence; The N elements constituting the first signal sequence are configured to include the (N / 2) elements constituting the first element group and the (N / 2) elements constituting the second element group; The k is an integer equal to or greater than 0 and smaller than (N / 2); A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 7.

14. The first modulation symbols mapped to the N subcarriers have a central symmetric structure centered on a first reference subcarrier of the N subcarriers. A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 13.

15. the first signal has only real components in the time domain; A method for operating a first communication node according to claim 13.

16. A first communication node in a communication system, A processor is included. The processor may further comprise a processor configured to: generating first and second binary sequences of (N / 2) elements, and a third binary sequence of M elements; generating a first intermediate sequence having (N / 2) elements based on the first to third binary sequences and a Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) operation; generating first and second element groups, each of which is composed of (N / 2) elements, based on the first intermediate sequence; generating a first signal sequence comprising N elements based on the first and second groups of elements; mapping first modulation symbols generated by modulating the first signal sequence onto N subcarriers; and operative to cause a first signal comprising the mapped first modulation symbols to be transmitted; The first and second binary sequences are generated based on a generator polynomial having a maximum degree (p-1), and first to third cyclic shift indexes are applied to the first to third binary sequences, respectively, the indexes being determined based on a first identifier for the first communication node, where p is a natural number, and N is a number that is less than or equal to (2 ｐ -2), and M is a natural number having a value equal to or less than (N / 2); A first communication node.

17. When generating the first intermediate sequence, the processor causes the first communication node to: determining the first through third cyclic shift indexes based on the first identifier; applying the first circular shift index to the first binary sequence; applying the second cyclic shift index to the second binary sequence; applying the third cyclic shift index to the third binary sequence; performing the BPSK operation on a sum of the first to third binary sequences to which the first to third cyclic shift indexes have been applied; and and further operable to cause obtaining the first intermediate sequence corresponding to a result of the BPSK operation. A first communication node according to claim 16.

18. When determining the first to third cyclic shift indexes, the processor causes the first communication node to: determining a first variable g based on a value of the first identifier; determining a second variable Ω based on the number of values ​​that the first identifier can have; and further operative to cause determining the first, second, and third cyclic shift indexes based on the first variable g, the second variable Ω, and a first reference value t and one or more modulo operations; The g, Ω, and t are natural numbers.

18. A first communication node according to claim 17.

19. the second cyclic shift index is determined based on a t-modulo arithmetic and an Ω-modulo arithmetic on the first variable g.

20. A first communication node according to claim 18.

20. The first signal supports up to (M×N×N) distinct values ​​for the first identifier.

20. A first communication node according to claim 19.

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