Tail clearance measuring device

Abstract

To provide a tail clearance measuring device which is unlikely to come into contact with machines or people and can perform reliable scanning.SOLUTION: A tail clearance measuring device S includes a measuring unit 40 having a non-contact distance sensor 41 arranged radially outward of an inner surface position of a segment 90 in the shield radial direction, a rotating mechanism 42, and a rotating position detection unit 43, and a control unit 60 as a calculation unit that calculates the tail clearance c based on the measurement results of multiple points on an end face of the segment 90 and the measurement results of multiple points on an inner surface of a skin plate 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a tail clearance measurement device that measures tail clearance in a non-contact manner. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a known technique for measuring the tail clearance without contact when a shield machine is used to excavate a tunnel. Here, tail clearance means the gap between the skin plate of the shield machine and the segment. The tail clearance must be controlled within an allowable range so that the skin plate and the segment do not come into contact during curved construction.

[0003] For example, the tail clearance measurement device described in Patent Document 1 includes a measurement unit including a non-contact distance sensor, a rotation mechanism for rotating the distance sensor, and a rotation detection unit, and a control unit that calculates the tail clearance, and the control unit is configured to obtain the position of a first line segment on the inner surface of the segment based on the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the segment, obtain the position of a second line segment on the inner surface of the skin plate based on the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the skin plate, and calculate the tail clearance based on the positions of the first and second line segments and the thickness of the segment. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2019-214834 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Incidentally, conventional tail clearance measurement devices, including those in Patent Document 1, are positioned closer to the center of the shield machine than the thickness of the segment, and are configured to measure a straight line corresponding to the inner surface of the segment. However, the conventional distance sensor placement causes problems such as interference with machinery such as erectors used for assembling the segments, making scanning impossible, or causing the position and orientation of the distance sensor to change due to contact with machinery or people.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a tail clearance measurement device that is less likely to come into contact with machines or people and can perform scanning reliably. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the tail clearance measurement device of the present invention comprises: a measurement unit having a non-contact distance sensor arranged radially outward of the inner surface position of the segment, a rotation mechanism for rotating the distance sensor, and a rotation position detection unit for detecting the rotation position of the distance sensor by the rotation mechanism; and a calculation unit that calculates a tail clearance based on the measurement results of multiple points on the end face of the segment and the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the skin plate. Effect of the Invention

[0008] The tail clearance measurement device of the present invention includes a measurement unit having a non-contact distance sensor arranged radially outward of the inner surface position of the segment, a rotation mechanism, and a rotation position detection unit; and a calculation unit that calculates the tail clearance based on the measurement results of multiple points on the end face of the segment and the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the skin plate. In this way, by arranging the distance sensor radially outward of the inner surface position of the segment, a tail clearance measurement device is obtained that is less likely to come into contact with machines or people and can perform reliable scanning. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1]FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the internal structure of a shield tunneling machine. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a side view of a measurement unit of the tail clearance measurement device. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a measurement unit of the tail clearance measurement device. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration of a tail clearance measurement device. [Diagram 5] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a method for calculating the tail clearance on the face side of a segment. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a method for calculating the tail clearance on the wellhead side of a segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the components described in the following embodiments are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention to those alone. In the following, an earth pressure shield 1 will be described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to other types of shield tunneling machines. EXAMPLES

[0011] (Shield tunneling machine configuration) Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, an earth pressure type shield 1 as a shield tunneling machine of this embodiment includes a skin plate (shield body cylinder) 2, a partition wall 3, a cutter head 5, a cutter rotating shaft 10, a cutter driving unit 12, a chamber 16, an earth removal device 17, a shield propulsion jack 18, a mud material supply pipe 21, an earth pressure gauge 22, a monitor (71; see Fig. 4) arranged inside an operation room, and a control unit (60; see Fig. 4) including a calculation unit.

[0012] The cutter head 5 has cutter spokes 51, a plurality of cutter bits 52, ... provided on the front surface of the cutter spokes 51, a fishtail bit 53 provided in the center of the front surface of the cutter spokes 51, and a plurality of stirring blades 54 provided on the back surface of the cutter spokes 51. The cutter head 5 is attached integrally to the cutter rotation shaft 10.

[0013] The cutter rotating shaft 10 is rotatably supported by a bearing 11 provided in the partition 3 and a bearing provided at the rear of a gear box 13 described below. The cutter rotating shaft 10 is connected to a cutter driving unit 12. The cutter driving unit 12 has a gear box 13 installed on the rear side of the partition 3, a rotational drive source 14 connected to the gear box 13, and a reduction gear (arranged in the gear box 13; not shown) interposed between the output shaft of the rotational drive source 14 and the cutter rotating shaft 10.

[0014] The chamber 16 is formed by a space surrounded by the hood portion of the skin plate 2, the partition wall 3, and the face F. A screw conveyor is used as the soil discharge device 17. The mud intake port of the soil discharge device 17 is open and installed so as to face the chamber 16. Furthermore, an erector 15 for assembling the segments 90 is installed at the tail portion of the skin plate 2.

[0015] A plurality of shield propulsion jacks 18 are installed at required intervals in the circumferential direction inside the skin plate 2. Each shield propulsion jack 18 is composed of a piston portion 18a and a spreader portion 18b. In addition, a tail seal 19 is provided at the rear end portion of the skin plate 2. A measuring portion 40 of a tail clearance measuring device S is installed near the shield propulsion jack 18 of this embodiment.

[0016] That is, the distance sensor 41 constituting the measurement unit 40 is disposed radially outward of the inner surface of the segment 90 as shown in Fig. 2. Specifically, the measurement unit 40 including the distance sensor 41 is disposed near the center position of the shield propulsion jack 18 in the radial direction of the shield by a bracket 40a protruding from the bulkhead 3. The measurement unit 40 including the distance sensor 41 may be fixed to the skin plate 2 side, or may be directly attached to the bulkhead 3 without the bracket 40a.

[0017] (Configuration of tail clearance measurement device) Next, the configuration of the tail clearance measurement device S will be described with reference to Figures 2 to 4. As shown in Figure 4, the tail clearance measurement device S is made up of a measurement unit 40 and a control unit 60 serving as a calculation unit.

[0018] 2 to 4, the measurement unit 40 has a non-contact distance sensor 41, a rotation mechanism 42 such as a motor and gears that rotates the distance sensor 41, and a rotation position detection unit 43 that detects the rotation position of the distance sensor 41 by the rotation mechanism 42. Of these, the rotation mechanism 42 has a rotation axis perpendicular to the shield radial direction. Therefore, the distance sensor 41 of the measurement unit 40 can scan the face-facing end face 90a of the segment 90 and the inner surface of the tail part of the skin plate 2 along a plane parallel to the tunnel longitudinal direction (a plane passing through the shield central axis).

[0019] As described above with reference to Fig. 2, the measurement unit 40 including the distance sensor 41 is positioned radially outward of the inner surface of the segment 90. Furthermore, the measurement unit 40 (distance sensor 41) in this embodiment is positioned exactly in the vicinity of the center of the two shield propulsion jacks 18, 18 in the circumferential direction of the earth pressure shield 1 as a shield tunneling machine, as shown in Fig. 3.

[0020] The position of the distance sensor 41 in the tunnel longitudinal direction (shield excavation direction) may be closer to the tunnel face (front side) than the spreader section 18b when the shield propulsion jack 18 is in the most shortened state. Furthermore, although not shown, it is preferable that the measurement section 40 including the distance sensor 41 is installed in at least three or more places in the shield circumferential direction.

[0021] The control unit 60 as a calculation unit is, for example, a general-purpose personal computer having a memory, a CPU, an SSD, etc. The control unit 60 has an La calculation unit 61 that calculates a line segment La based on the measurement results of multiple points on the end face 90a of the segment 90, and an Lb calculation unit 62 that calculates a line segment Lb based on the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the skin plate 2. The control unit 60 as a calculation unit may be installed on the shield trailing cart, on the ground, or both. The measurement data from the distance sensor 41 is sent to the control unit 60 through a cable. Furthermore, the data sent to the ground can be transferred to a remote terminal through the Internet, etc.

[0022] In addition, the control unit 60 is connected to input means such as a keyboard 65 and a mouse 66, as well as input values ​​from the measurement unit 40. Furthermore, the control unit 60 is connected to a monitor 71 and a separate PC 72 for excavation management as output means. The point cloud data acquired on the segment end face 90a has singular points at points A and B, so the upper and lower end points (points A and B) of the segment end face 90a can be clearly recognized on the coordinate axes of the distance sensor 41.

[0023] Furthermore, the control unit 60 as a calculation unit in this embodiment has an intersection C calculation unit 63 that determines the intersection between the calculated line segments La and Lb based on these. This intersection C calculation unit 63 calculates the tail clearance c based on the coordinate value of the intersection C between the line segments La and Lb and the coordinate values ​​of the singular points A and B. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, since the line segments La and Lb are expressed in a mathematical formula on the coordinate axes, it is possible to calculate the intersection C between the line segments La and Lb. In this way, it is possible to calculate the tail clearance from points B and C. At the same time, the angle θ between the line segments La and Lb is calculated.L can be calculated.

[0024] In addition, the control unit 60 as a calculation unit has a point D calculation unit 64 that calculates the coordinate value of point D based on the intersection point C calculation unit 63. In other words, since the outer surface of the segment 90 and the line segment La are basically in a right-angle relationship, the relative angle θx between the line of the outer surface of the segment 90 and the line segment Lb of the tail portion can be calculated.

[0025] Then, by calculating the relative angle θx, it is possible to calculate not only the tail clearance c1 at the end face 90a on the front side of the segment 90, but also the tail clearance c2 at the end point (point D) on the rear side of the segment 90, which cannot be seen with the naked eye. In other words, if the angle θx and the width of the segment 90 (the length in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel) are known, the coordinates of point D can be identified, and therefore the tail clearance c2 at this point D can be calculated.

[0026] In this way, the relative angle θx between the inner surface (line segment Lb) of the tail portion and the outer surface of the segment 90 can be quantified. When calculating this relative angle θx, if the segment 90 to be measured is a tapered segment 90T, the shape (angle θy) and installation direction can be input in advance as shown in FIG. 6 to correct the angle calculation. In other words, after scanning the end face 90a to obtain the line segment La from the point cloud data, the relative angle θx can be calculated by taking into account the taper angle θy of the tapered segment 90T itself. After that, point D is obtained based on the width of the tapered segment 90T, and the tail clearance c2 at point D is calculated.

[0027] As mentioned above, the data on the tail clearance c obtained by the tail clearance measuring device S can be transmitted to another PC 72 and incorporated into software that performs comprehensive management of the shield excavation, thereby enabling more advanced linear excavation management.

[0028] (effect) Next, the effects achieved by the tail clearance measuring device S of this embodiment will be listed and explained.

[0029] (1) As described above, the tail clearance measurement device S includes a measurement unit 40 having a non-contact distance sensor 41 arranged radially outward of the inner surface position of the segment 90 in the shield radial direction, a rotation mechanism 42, and a rotation position detection unit 43, and a control unit 60 as a calculation unit that calculates the tail clearance c based on the measurement results of multiple points on the end face of the segment 90 and the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the skin plate 2. In this way, by arranging the distance sensor 41 radially outward of the inner surface position of the segment 90, the tail clearance measurement device S is less likely to come into contact with machines or people and can perform reliable scanning.

[0030] In addition, the installation position of the distance sensor 41 is where the segment 90 is installed, so there is nothing blocking the distance sensor 41 and it is suitable for constant measurement. Furthermore, the end face 90a of the segment 90 can be scanned and measured from the front, so the distance can be measured accurately. Therefore, the angle of the end face 90a can be measured accurately.

[0031] (2) The distance sensor 41 is disposed in the approximate middle of the two shield propulsion jacks 18, 18 of the earth pressure shield 1 in the circumferential direction of the earth pressure shield 1 as a shield tunneling machine. In other words, the shield propulsion jack 18 may be an obstacle to scanning, but by disposing the measuring unit 40 between the two shield propulsion jacks 18, 18, this problem can be solved. This location is not easily affected by the equipment of the shield tunneling machine or the work range of segment assembly, etc., and is easy to install and maintain. Another advantage is that it is not easily affected by vibrations during operation of the erector 15, which is the shield equipment.

[0032] (3) Furthermore, the distance sensor 41 is arranged at at least three locations in the circumferential direction of the earth pressure shield 1 as a shield tunneling machine, so that the tail clearance c around the entire circumference of the shield can be grasped.

[0033] (4) Furthermore, the control unit 60 as a calculation unit calculates a line segment La based on the measurement results of multiple points on the end face 90a of the segment 90, calculates a line segment Lb based on the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the skin plate 2, and calculates a tail clearance c1 on the face side of the segment 90 based on an intersection C of the line segment La and the line segment Lb. According to this calculation method, the tail clearance c1 on the face side (front end position) of the segment 90 can be calculated based on the measurement values, based on the point cloud data of the end face 90a and the point cloud data of the inner surface of the skin plate 2.

[0034] (5) Furthermore, the control unit 60 as a calculation unit calculates a line segment La based on the measurement results of multiple points on the end face 90a of the segment 90, calculates a line segment Lb based on the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the skin plate 2, and calculates a tail clearance c2 on the mouth side of the segment 90 based on an intersection C of the line segments La and Lb and the angle θx between the line segments La and Lb. According to this calculation method, the tail clearance c2 on the mouth side (rear end position) of the segment 90 can be calculated based on the measurement values, based on the point cloud data of the end face 90a and the point cloud data of the inner surface of the skin plate 2.

[0035] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 1: Earth pressure shield; 2: skin plate; 3: bulkhead; 5: cutter head; 10: cutter rotating shaft; 11: bearing; 12: cutter drive unit; 13: gearbox; 14: rotary drive source; 15: erector; 16: chamber; 17: soil discharge device; 18: Shield propulsion jack; 18a: Piston part; 18b: Spreader part; 19: tail seal; 21: mud supply pipe; 22: earth pressure gauge; 40: measuring part; 40a: bracket; 41: distance sensor; 42: rotation mechanism; 43: rotation position detection unit; 51: cutter spoke; 52: cutter bit; 53: Fishtail bit; 54: Mixing blade; 60: control unit; 61: La calculation section; 62: Lb calculation section; 63: Intersection C calculation section; 64: Point D calculation section; 65: keyboard; 66: mouse; 71: monitor; 90: segment; 90T: tapered segment; 90a: segment end face; A: Singular point; B: Singular point; C: Intersection; D: Back end point; La: line segment; Lb: line segment; S: tail clearance measuring device; c: tail clearance; c1: tail clearance; c2: tail clearance; θ L : The angle between line segments La and Lb; θx: relative angle; θy: taper angle

Claims

1. a measurement unit including a non-contact distance sensor disposed radially outward of an inner surface position of the segment, a rotation mechanism for rotating the distance sensor, and a rotation position detection unit for detecting a rotation position of the distance sensor caused by the rotation mechanism; a calculation unit that calculates a tail clearance based on the measurement results of a plurality of points on the end face of the segment and the measurement results of a plurality of points on the inner surface of the skin plate; A tail clearance measuring device comprising:

2. 2. The tail clearance measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the distance sensor is disposed at a substantially midpoint between two shield propulsion jacks of the shield machine in the circumferential direction of the shield machine.

3. 3. The tail clearance measurement device according to claim 2, wherein the distance sensors are arranged at at least three locations in the circumferential direction of the shield machine.

4. 4. The tail clearance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the calculation unit calculates a line segment La based on the measurement results of multiple points on the end face of the segment, calculates a line segment Lb based on the measurement results of multiple points on the inner face of the skin plate, and calculates a tail clearance on the face side of the segment based on the intersection of the line segment La and the line segment Lb.

5. A tail clearance measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the calculation unit calculates a line segment La based on the measurement results of multiple points on the end face of the segment, calculates a line segment Lb based on the measurement results of multiple points on the inner surface of the skin plate, and calculates the tail clearance on the portal side of the segment based on the intersection of the line segment La and the line segment Lb and the angle between the line segment La and the line segment Lb.

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