Building

Abstract

To provide a building capable of effectively utilizing underground space.SOLUTION: A building 10 comprises a mat slab 22 located below the ground level, and foundation columns 23 extending upward from the mat slab 22 to form an underground space 25 and support the first story of a framework 40. A floor slab 85 is formed in the framework 40 on a story higher than the first story, and the underground space 25 and a space 86 of the first story are continuous spaces.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a building having an underground space. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, buildings have been known in which a foundation having foundation columns supporting a framework is installed in an excavation space formed by excavating the ground, as shown in, for example, Patent Document 1. In such buildings, various facilities such as a mechanical parking lot can be installed in the underground space formed by the foundation columns. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2006-233630 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, excavating the ground requires a lot of cost. Therefore, costs can be reduced by reducing the amount of excavation. However, since the height of the underground space is reduced, a method for effectively utilizing the underground space was required. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The building that solves the above problem is a building that includes a foundation and a frame supported by the foundation. The foundation includes a mat slab located below the ground level, and foundation columns that extend upward from the mat slab to support the lowest floor of the frame and form an underground space. The frame has a floor slab formed on a floor above the lowest floor, and the underground space and the space of the lowest floor are continuous spaces. Effect of the Invention

[0006] According to the present invention, underground space can be effectively utilized. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a building. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the frame on the first floor. [Diagram 3] FIG. 4 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the frame on the second floor. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the frame structure on a floor above the second floor. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a top view showing a schematic configuration of the seismic isolation layer. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of the seismic isolation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] An embodiment of a building will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6. As shown in FIG. 1, a building 10 includes a foundation 20 and a framework 40 . The foundation 20 is provided in an excavation space formed by excavating the ground 11. The foundation 20 has foundation piles 21, a mat slab 22, and foundation columns 23. The foundation piles 21, the mat slab 22, and the foundation columns 23 are integrally formed of reinforced concrete. The foundation piles 21 extend downward in the ground 11 from the bottom of the excavation space. The mat slab 22 is located below the ground surface. The mat slab 22 is provided so as to cover the bottom of the excavation space. The mat slab 22 is the floor of the lowest floor of the building 10. The foundation columns 23 extend upward from a predetermined position of the mat slab 22. The foundation columns 23 support the frame 40 via the seismic isolation layer 70, and form an underground space 25 between the mat slab 22 and the frame 40.

[0009] The frame 40 is formed by joining various steel materials such as H-shaped steel, square steel pipes, and steel plates. The frame 40 is formed of columns and beams connected via joints. The frame 40 has a central portion 41 and a pair of protruding portions 42. In FIG. 1, the areas of the central portion 41 and the protruding portions 42 are shown surrounded by a two-dot chain line.

[0010] In the central part 41, the first story, which is the lowest story of the frame 40, is supported by the foundation columns 23 via the seismic isolation layer 70. The lowest story is the lowest story among the stories in the frame 40 that are located above the ground surface of the ground 11. The central part 41 has a first column 45 and a second column 46 that extend from the first story to the top story. As will be described in detail later, the first column 45 is a column located at each of the four corners of the central part 41 in a top view of the frame 40. The second column 46 is a column located between the first columns 45 in a top view of the frame 40. The central part 41 also has a beam 47 that connects the first column 45 and the second column 46. In the building 10, a living space for users is provided in the central part 41.

[0011] The protruding portion 42 has a cantilever beam 48 extending from the central portion 41 to the outdoors. In this embodiment, the protruding portions 42 are provided on the right and left sides of the central portion 41 in Fig. 1. In the building 10, the core portion consisting of the elevators, stairs, machine rooms, etc. is mainly provided in the protruding portion 42. Furthermore, the frame 40 has an anti-vibration stud 49 in the protruding portion 42 on the right side in Fig. 1 that connects the cantilever beam 48 between stories.

[0012] (Layout of foundation columns and center of first floor) The following describes the arrangement of the foundation columns 23 and the schematic configuration of the central portion 41. Note that the dashed dotted line shown in the figure indicates the center line of the building 10.

[0013] As shown in Fig. 2, the foundation 20 has foundation columns 23 at the intersections of the centerlines A and C and the centerlines 2, 3, and 4. Note that Fig. 1 shows the framework of a frame 40 in the centerline 2.

[0014] The first floor is provided with an entrance lobby and the like. In the first floor, the central part 41 has columns at the intersections of the street centers A, B, C and the street centers 2, 3, 4. Specifically, the central part 41 has first columns 45 located at the four corners. The central part 41 has, as second columns 46, second columns 46B located between the first columns 45 at the street centers 2, 4, and second columns 463 located between the first columns 45 at the street centers A, C. The second columns 46B located at the street centers 2, 4 are second columns 46 located between a pair of protruding parts 42. The second columns 46 shown in FIG. 1 are second columns 46B located at the street center 2. The second columns 463 located at the street centers A, C are second columns 46 located at the base end portions of the protruding parts 42, in other words, at the boundary portions between the central part 41 and the protruding parts 42. In the following description, when there is no need to distinguish between the second columns 46B and 463, they will simply be referred to as the second columns 46. In addition, in this embodiment, the central portion 41 has a third column 50 at the intersection of the center line B and the center line 3. The third column 50 extends from the first story to the second story.

[0015] Furthermore, in the first story, the central portion 41 has beams that extend along the center lines A, B, C, 2, 3, and 4. Specifically, the central portion 41 has a beam 47 that extends along the center lines A, C, 2, and 4 and connects the first column 45 and the second column 46. Furthermore, the central portion 41 has a beam 51 that extends along the center lines B and 3 and connects the second column 46 and the third column 50.

[0016] (Central part in other hierarchies) As shown in FIG. 3, in the second story, the central portion 41 has beams 47, 51 so as to form an open-ceiling space 52 that spans the first and second stories.

[0017] As shown in Fig. 4, in the stories above the second story, the central section 41 has long-span beams 53 that extend along the center line B, 3 and connect the second columns 46B, 463 to each other so that the living space is a column-free space. Of the beams 53, those that extend along the center line 3 have protruding parts 42 on both sides, which reduces stress generated in the center of the beam.

[0018] (Seismic isolation layer) 5, the seismic isolation layer 70 has a linear motion rolling bearing 71 and a laminated rubber 72. The linear motion rolling bearing 71 and the laminated rubber 72 function as a seismic isolation bearing, which is an example of a support portion.

[0019] The linear motion rolling bearings 71 are provided between the foundation column 23 and the first column 45 so as to support the first column 45. More specifically, the linear motion rolling bearings 71 are provided at the intersections with the grid lines A,2, A,4, C,2, and C,4 in top view.

[0020] The laminated rubber 72 is a seismic isolation bearing containing lead plugs and also functions as a damping material. The laminated rubber 72 is provided between the foundation column 23 and the second column 46 so as to support the second column 46 to which the cantilever beam 48 constituting the protruding portion 42 is connected. More specifically, the laminated rubber 72 is provided at the intersection of the center lines A,3 and the intersection of the center lines C,3 in top view.

[0021] In addition, the seismic isolation layer 70 has a damping piece 73 and a steel damper 83. The damping piece 73 and the steel damper 83 function as damping materials. The damping block 73 is provided so as to follow the centerlines A, C, 2, and 4 in a top view. One end of the damping block 73 is fixed to a foundation-side fixing part 80 that is integrally formed with the foundation column 23 as a damping material fixing part, and the other end is fixed to a beam-side fixing part 81 that is connected to the beam 47.

[0022] As shown in Fig. 6, the foundation-side fixing part 80 is formed in a bent shape (L-shape) that extends below the beam 47 so as to follow the beam 47 and then bends upward. The beam-side fixing part 81 extends downward from the beam 47. The beam-side fixing part 81 is formed of a steel material such as an H-shaped steel joined to the beam 47. The damping top 73 is fixed so as to be sandwiched between the foundation-side fixing part 80 and the beam-side fixing part 81.

[0023] As shown in Fig. 5, the steel damper 83 is provided so as to support from below the beam 47 extending along the center lines A and C. The steel damper 83 is provided so as to be adjacent to the linear motion rolling bearing 71 when viewed from above. The steel damper 83 is provided on a damper support part 84 which is integrally formed with the foundation column 23 which supports the first column 45. The damper support part 84 is a damping material fixing part like the foundation side fixing part 80, and is formed in a bent shape (L-shape) which extends below the beam 47 along the beam 47 and then bends upward.

[0024] (Floor slab) As shown in Fig. 6, in the building 10, the frame 40 has a floor slab 85 covering the entire story formed on a story above the first story, without being provided on the first story located above the ground level of the ground 11. This makes the underground space 25 and the space 86 of the first story a continuous space.

[0025] The effects of this embodiment will be described. (1) In the above-described building 10, various facilities 88 (see FIG. 6), such as a mechanical parking lot, can be installed so as to straddle the underground space 25 and the space 86 on the first floor, thereby making effective use of the underground space 25. In addition, since a floor slab 85 is not formed on the first floor, there is a high degree of freedom in the installation location of the facilities 88.

[0026] (2) The foundation 20 supports the frame 40 via the seismic isolation layer 70, which serves as a support. This reduces the seismic force acting on the building 10 when an earthquake occurs, and therefore the strength required of the foundation columns 23 can be reduced. As a result, the freedom in the shape of the foundation columns 23 is improved, and the foundation columns 23 can be designed to make effective use of the underground space 25.

[0027] (3) The seismic isolation layer 70 has seismic isolation bearings (linear motion rolling bearings 71 and laminated rubber 72) provided under the columns 45, 46 constituting the frame 40, and damping materials (damping blocks 73 and steel dampers 83) fixed to the foundation columns 23 and the beams 47 constituting the frame 40. The foundation columns 23 are integrally formed with damping material fixing parts (foundation side fixing parts 80 and damper support parts 84) that extend below the beams 47 constituting the frame 40 so as to follow the beams 47 and then bend upward. As a result, a space is formed below the damping material fixing parts, and therefore the underground space 25 can be utilized more effectively than in the case where a columnar damping material fixing part extending upward from the mat slab is provided.

[0028] (4) The frame 40 has a central portion 41 having first columns 45 located at the four corners and second columns 46 located between the first columns 45, and a pair of protruding portions 42 provided on both sides of the central portion 41 and having cantilever beams 48 extending from the central portion 41 to the outdoors. Between the pair of protruding portions 42, the foundation columns 23 are provided at a position corresponding to the first columns 45, without being provided at a position corresponding to the second columns 46B.

[0029] With this configuration, the fixed load acting on the seismic isolation bearings located at the centerlines A and C can be increased. In addition, since the cantilever-shaped protruding portion 42 is provided on the frame 40, the bending moment acting on the building can be significantly reduced. In this way, by not supporting the second column 46B, the fixed load acting on the first column 45 is increased and the bending moment acting on the building is reduced, so that the tensile force acting on the seismic isolation bearings during an earthquake can be reduced. Furthermore, the underground space 25 can be utilized effectively since there is no foundation column 23 in the position corresponding to the second column 46B.

[0030] This embodiment can be modified as follows: This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined with each other to the extent that there is no technical contradiction. The foundation pillar 23 may be installed at a position corresponding to the second pillar 46B.

[0031] The damping material fixing portion may be formed in the shape of a column extending upward from the mat slab 22. The support portion is not limited to a seismic isolation bearing, and may be a part of the foundation column 23. In other words, the foundation column 23 and the frame 40 may be directly joined. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 10...building, 11...ground, 20...foundation, 21...foundation pile, 22...mat slab, 23...foundation column, 25...underground space, 40...framework, 41...central section, 42...projecting section, 45...first column, 46, 46B, 463...second column, 47...beam, 48...cantilever beam, 49...vibration-proof stud, 50...third column, 51...beam, 52...open space, 53...beam, 70...seismic isolation layer, 71...linear rolling bearing, 72...laminated rubber, 73...damping member, 80...foundation side fixed section, 81...beam side fixed section, 83...steel damper, 84...damper support section, 85...floor slab, 86...first floor space, 88...equipment.

Claims

1. A building comprising a foundation and a frame supported by the foundation, The foundation has a mat slab located below the ground level, and a foundation column extending upward from the mat slab to support the lowest floor of the frame and form an underground space, The frame has a floor slab formed on a floor above the lowest floor, The underground space and the space on the lowest floor are a continuous space. architecture.

2. The foundation columns support the frame via the seismic isolation layer. The building according to claim 1.

3. The seismic isolation layer includes a seismic isolation bearing provided between the foundation column and a column constituting the frame, and a damping material fixed to the foundation column and a beam constituting the frame, The foundation pillar is integrally formed with a damping material fixing portion that extends along the lower portion of the beam constituting the frame and then bends upward. The building according to claim 2.

4. The frame has a central portion having first columns located at the four corners and second columns located between the first columns, and a pair of protruding portions provided on both sides of the central portion and having cantilever beams extending from the central portion to the outdoor side, The foundation pillar is provided at a position corresponding to the first pillar between the pair of protruding portions, without being provided at a position corresponding to the second pillar. The building according to claim 1.

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