Hydraulic composition-hardened set, and method for applying hardening paste using the same

Abstract

To provide a hydraulic composition-hardened set: capable of being applied to hardening paste construction, such as not only small-scale but also medium-scale anchor element-anchoring construction and wide-area crack repair construction, etc.; capable of adjusting use time and setting time easily and simply according to temperature; capable of preparing a hardening paste of the same quality at all times by mixing and kneading a hydraulic composition and water uniformly in a short time by a simple method; and being used to fix the anchor element in a borehole or to perform wide-area crack repair construction, etc., using the hardening paste.SOLUTION: A hydraulic composition-hardened set comprises: a hydraulic composition-enclosed body 100, in which a hydraulic composition C1 is enclosed in an encapsulating material 110, wherein the hydraulic composition comprises a hydraulic component containing a Portland cement, an alumina cement, and a quick-setting agent, a viscosity regulator, a first setting regulator, and fine aggregate; and a second setting regulator for being dissolved in water to make a setting regulator-containing aqueous solution.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a hydraulic composition hardening set used for fixing anchor elements such as reinforcing bars and anchor bolts to concrete structures and bedrock such as culverts, dam bodies, and buildings, repairing cracks, fixing bricks, blocks, or tiles, filling joints, stopping water leakage, improving ground, filling cavities, applying decorative mortar to surfaces, plastering walls, or creating or decorating fixtures, and a hardening paste application method using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] In order to increase the earthquake resistance and durability of existing concrete artificial structures such as culverts, dam embankments, tunnels, and buildings, reinforcement work is being carried out to improve shear strength. In addition, work is being carried out to install structures such as rockfall protection nets and avalanche prevention fences as necessary on so-called concrete linings that cover slopes to prevent them from collapsing. These works involve drilling cylindrical holes into the concrete framework or rock mass that forms the concrete structure using rotary tools such as drills and core boring machines, pouring in hardening compositions, and driving in anchor elements such as reinforcing bars and anchor bolts to fix them in place.

[0003] As the hardening composition used in such anchor element fixing work, a hydraulic composition containing cement is adopted. In the anchor element fixing work, the hydraulic composition is brought into contact with water to form a paste, and the hardening paste is injected between the anchor element and the inner wall surface of the drilled hole to start solidifying, and then cured to harden into a hardened product. In order for the hardened product to exhibit the desired strength, the amount of water relative to the hydraulic composition is predetermined, and the two must be mixed uniformly. This allows the anchor element to be fixed to the concrete skeleton, increasing the shear strength of the existing concrete structure and allowing a workpiece to be attached to it. The fixing method of such an anchor element can be classified into a cartridge method and a pack method.

[0004] The cartridge method is a method in which water is poured into a hydraulic composition contained in a hard cylindrical cartridge to prepare a hardening paste, while the pack method is a method in which a hydraulic composition contained in a pouch container such as a bag and water are mixed in the pouch container to prepare a hardening paste.

[0005] As an example of the cartridge method, Patent Document 1 describes a method in which water is injected from a discharge port into a hydraulic composition, which is a cement-based composition powder previously contained in a cylinder having a discharge port at one end, and then the cylinder cartridge is held in the hand and shaken or the cylinder cartridge is vibrated mechanically to agitate the hydraulic composition and water, and the highly fluid cement paste thus prepared is extruded from the discharge port and injected into a hole drilled in a concrete structure, and an anchor element is inserted therein.

[0006] On the other hand, as a packing method, Patent Document 2 describes a method of using a pouch container, in which a hydraulic composition is placed in the upper storage section of a pouch container divided into two by a partition, the partition is removed by pulling the upper and lower ends of the pouch container which contains water in the lower storage section, the hydraulic composition is dropped into the water, and then the pouch container is kneaded or shaken by hand or vibrated by a machine to mix the two and prepare a hardening paste. This method does not require a large-scale kneading device, so it can be easily applied to anchor element fixing work.

[0007] The applicant has already disclosed in Patent Document 3 a hydraulic composition containing hydraulic components including Portland cement, alumina cement, and an accelerator, a viscosity modifier, a setting modifier, and fine aggregate having a particle size classification of 4 to 8 according to JIS G5901 (2016), and the hydraulic composition includes a process of contacting the hydraulic composition with a fixing agent-containing capsule sealed in a water-permeable cylindrical container and water to cause the hydraulic composition to absorb the water and aggregate the hydraulic composition, a process of removing the aggregated hydraulic composition from the water-permeable cylindrical container and putting it into a cylinder cartridge having a cylindrical tip at the front end and an opening at the base end, and then inserting a lid body that moves toward the cylindrical tip within the cylinder cartridge in response to pressure through the opening, a process of pressing the lid body to push the hydraulic composition out of the cylindrical tip, and discharging a hardening paste in which the hardening composition and the water are mixed into a construction site, and a process of discharging the hardening paste. and hardening the hardenable paste. The hardenable paste application method further comprises the steps of pouring water from a port into a pack having a bag containing the hydraulic composition and a port that connects the upper edge of the bag to the outside world, attaching a cap that prevents the hydraulic composition and the water from leaking to the port and applying an external force to the pack to mix the hydraulic composition and the water to prepare a hardenable paste, removing the cap and then crushing the bag to push out the hardenable paste from the port and discharge the hardenable paste from the port to an application location, and hardening the hardenable paste.

[0008] According to the cartridge method and pack method, the cement paste filled in the drilled hole has high fluidity, so that the anchor element can be manually driven into the drilled hole into which the cement paste has been poured without using a driving device. Also, since the cement paste can be poured into many drilled holes one after another in an assembly line operation, construction at many locations can be carried out in a short period of time.

[0009] In the construction method in which the cement-based composition powder or hydraulic composition is soaked in water to make a paste and then extruded, the composition is used because it is made of specified components and in specified amounts, and because the composition contains a specified setting regulator (hardening retarder) in advance, and the amount of the setting regulator cannot be changed when used, the temperature difference occurs between summer and winter, between warm and cold regions, or between outdoors and indoors, and the usable time and setting time differ depending on the temperature and water temperature. In particular, in extremely hot summers, warm regions, and outdoors where the sun is strong, the usable time and setting time are too short, making it difficult to secure time to perform subsequent processes such as inserting an anchor element, so there are cases where the usable time and setting time should be extended. On the other hand, in extremely cold winters, cold regions, and cloudy or rainy weather, there are cases where the usable time and setting time should not be extended or should only be extended slightly.

[0010] At construction sites, it is desirable to improve work efficiency and standardize quality by managing and adjusting the usable time and setting time according to the construction schedule and keeping them relatively constant, but with these existing compositions, there was a problem in that it was not possible to freely adjust the usable time and setting time according to temperature. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] JP 2013-147883 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2011-25424 A [Patent Document 3] Patent Publication No. 2021-80158 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a hydraulic composition hardening set that can be applied to hardening paste construction, such as not only small-scale but also medium-scale anchor element fixing construction and wide-area crack repair construction, and that allows the usable time and setting time to be easily and simply adjusted according to temperature, and that can be mixed and kneaded uniformly into a hardening paste in a short time using a simple method, thereby always preparing a hardening paste of the same quality, and that can appropriately ensure the usable time and setting time required to fix anchor elements in drilled holes and perform wide-area crack repair construction using the hardening paste, and a hardening paste construction method using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The hydraulic composition hardening set of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, comprises: a hydraulic composition inclusion body in which a hydraulic composition including a hydraulic component containing Portland cement, alumina cement, and an accelerator, a viscosity modifier, a first setting modifier, and a fine aggregate having a particle size classification of 4 to 8 according to JIS G5901 (2016) is enclosed in an encapsulating material; a second setting regulator which is to be dissolved in water to form a setting regulator aqueous solution, and which causes the hydraulic composition in the hydraulic composition encapsulation body to set with the water component in the setting regulator aqueous solution while controlling the setting rate or the hardening rate with the setting regulator component in the setting regulator aqueous solution; It consists of:

[0014] This hydraulic composition hardening set is, for example, such that the first and second setting regulators are the same or different and are working time / setting time regulators containing at least one selected from the group consisting of at least one oxycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof selected from citric acid, gluconic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, salicylic acid, m-oxybenzoic acid, and p-oxybenzoic acid; lignin sulfonic acid or a salt thereof; a sugar alcohol selected from sorbitol, pentitol, and hexitol; a carbonate; and silica.

[0015] This hydraulic composition hardening set is, for example, one in which the hydraulic composition contains the Portland cement, the alumina cement, the quick-setting admixture, the viscosity modifier, the first setting modifier, and the fine aggregate in a mass ratio of 20-60:30-70:10-40:0.1-1.0:1-10:10-40.

[0016] In this hydraulic composition setting set, the second setting regulator is preferably adjusted in an amount of 1 to 10% by mass relative to the water.

[0017] In this hydraulic composition hardening set, for example, the viscosity modifier is a thickener containing at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose derivatives selected from methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose; natural polysaccharide derivatives containing at least one of the cellulose derivatives; acrylamide; starch ether; and polymer electrolytes.

[0018] In this hydraulic composition setting set, the hydraulic composition preferably does not contain a delayed type plasticizer.

[0019] In this hydraulic composition hardening set, the encapsulating material is a water-permeable cylindrical container containing paper and / or nonwoven fabric that allows water to permeate from the setting regulator aqueous solution in which the hydraulic composition encapsulated body is immersed, so that the hydraulic composition encapsulated body is a capsule containing a fixing agent, or The encapsulating material may be a water-impermeable plastic bag container into which the aqueous setting regulator solution is poured, so that the hydraulic composition encapsulation body is a fixing agent-containing pack.

[0020] This hydraulic composition hardening set is intended to be used, for example, for fixing anchor elements, repairing cracks, fixing or filling joints of bricks, blocks or tiles, stopping water leaks, improving the ground, filling cavities, applying decorative mortar to surfaces, plastering walls, or for making or decorating fixtures.

[0021] The method of applying a hardenable paste according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, is as follows: A method for applying a hardening paste using the hydraulic composition hardening set, dissolving the second setting modifier in water to prepare an aqueous setting modifier solution; a step of contacting the hydraulic composition with the setting adjuster aqueous solution, thereby making the hydraulic composition absorb the setting adjuster aqueous solution by making the setting composition and the setting adjuster aqueous solution mixed into a setting paste, and aggregating the hydraulic composition; a step of removing the hardenable paste from the water-permeable cylindrical container and placing it in a cylinder cartridge having a tip at a front end and an opening at a base end, and then inserting a lid body that moves within the cylinder cartridge toward the tip in response to pressure from the opening; A step of pressing the lid body to push the hardenable paste out of the cylindrical tip and discharging the hardenable paste to a processing location; and hardening the hardenable paste. It is to have.

[0022] Specifically, the step of discharging the hardening paste at the application site includes a step of injecting the paste into a hole drilled in a concrete structure, The step of hardening the hardenable paste includes a step of inserting an anchor element into the drilled hole while piercing the hardenable paste, This involves fixing the anchor element.

[0023] This hardenable paste application method may involve attaching a nozzle to the tip of the cylinder, inserting the injection tube with an injection amount indication mark attached to the tip, inserting the injection tube into the drilled hole to inject the hydraulic composition while moving the cylinder cartridge in a direction to remove the injection tube from the drilled hole, and finishing the injection of the hydraulic composition when the injection amount indication mark appears and disappears from the drilled hole.

[0024] This hardenable paste application method may be such that the aggregated hydraulic composition is stirred and agitated in the cylinder cartridge to disperse the hydraulic composition and prepare the hardenable paste.

[0025] This hardenable paste application method may involve contacting the set regulator aqueous solution with the hydraulic composition encapsulation body for 3 to 10 minutes.

[0026] The method for applying the hardenable paste may further include a step of cleaning the inner wall surface of the cylinder cartridge after the step of discharging the hardenable paste onto the application location.

[0027] Another method for applying a hardenable paste according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, is as follows: A method for applying a hardening paste using the hydraulic composition hardening set, dissolving the second setting modifier in water to prepare an aqueous setting modifier solution; A process of pouring a setting regulator aqueous solution into a fixing agent-containing pack, which is the hydraulic composition-containing body, from the port, the fixing agent-containing pack having a water-impermeable bag container in which the hydraulic composition is sealed and a port that connects the outside world and the interior space of the bag container at the upper end edge of the bag container; a step of attaching a cap to the port so as not to leak the hydraulic composition and the aqueous solution of the setting adjuster, and applying an external force to the fixing agent-containing pack to mix the hydraulic composition and the aqueous solution of the setting adjuster to prepare a hardenable paste; removing the cap, and then squashing the bag container to push out the hardenable paste from the port and discharge the hardenable paste from the port to a treatment location; and hardening the hardenable paste. It is to have.

[0028] In this hardening paste application method, the step of discharging the hardening paste at the application site includes a step of injecting the hardening paste into a drilled hole in a concrete structure, The step of hardening the hardenable paste includes a step of inserting an anchor element into the drilled hole while piercing the hardenable paste, It may be possible to fix an anchor element.

[0029] In this curable paste application method, for example, the external force is a pressing force of an instrument and / or a human force.

[0030] This method of applying a hardenable paste may involve attaching an injection connector to the port, with an injection tube having an injection amount indication mark fitted to its tip, inserting the injection tube into the drilled hole to inject the hardenable paste while moving the fixing agent-containing pack in a direction to remove the injection tube from the drilled hole, and completing the injection of the hardenable paste when the injection amount indication mark appears and disappears from the drilled hole.

[0031] This hardenable paste application method may involve ejecting the hardenable paste up to the tip of the injection tube, inserting the injection tube into the drilled hole and injecting the hardenable paste while moving the fixing agent-containing pack in a direction that removes the injection tube from the drilled hole, and pulling up the injection tube while squeezing it itself, and completing the injection of the hardenable paste when the injection amount indication mark appears and disappears from the drilled hole.

[0032] This method of applying the hardenable paste may involve injecting hardenable paste into the drilled hole from the inside of the fixing agent-containing pack and the inside of the injection tube from the fixing agent-containing pack to the injection amount indication mark.

[0033] This method of applying the hardenable paste may involve fitting a spout nozzle of a bottle containing a required amount of the aqueous solution of the setting regulator for hardening the hydraulic composition into the port, and then pouring the aqueous solution of the setting regulator into the pack. Effect of the Invention

[0034] The hydraulic composition hardening set of the present invention is suitable for applying hardening paste, particularly for fixing anchor elements, repairing cracks, fixing or filling joints of bricks, blocks or tiles, stopping water leakage, improving the ground, filling cavities, applying decorative mortar to surfaces, plastering walls, or for making or decorating fixtures. According to this hydraulic composition hardening set, by contacting a set regulator aqueous solution of a predetermined concentration with the hydraulic composition in the hydraulic composition inclusion, a hardening paste having high fluidity and easy to mix when rubbed, shaken, vibrated or kneaded can be prepared.

[0035] According to the hydraulic composition hardening set of the present invention, the setting rate can be significantly adjusted by the synergistic effect of the solid first setting regulator contained in the hydraulic composition and the aqueous setting regulator solution in which the second setting regulator is dissolved in water.

[0036] In other words, this hardening paste is prepared by contacting not only the first setting regulator originally mixed into the hardening composition, but also an aqueous solution of the second setting regulator prepared just before use with the hydraulic composition. This allows the setting speed to be adjusted, and even if there is a difference in temperature between summer and winter, between warm and cold regions, or between outdoors and indoors, the usable time and setting time can be adjusted and controlled to be more or less constant, thereby improving work efficiency and standardizing quality.

[0037] According to the hydraulic composition hardening set of the present invention, the hardenable paste can appropriately ensure the usable time and setting time required for fixing an anchor element in a drilled hole or for performing extensive crack repair work, etc.

[0038] The hydraulic composition hardening set of the present invention allows the usable time and setting time to be adjusted simply by adjusting the concentration of the setting regulator aqueous solution without adjusting the content of the first setting regulator contained in the hardenable composition, so that even if there is a temperature difference between summer and winter, between warm and cold regions, or between outdoors and indoors, it is possible to easily and quickly adjust the usable time and setting time to the desired time.

[0039] This hydraulic composition hardening set contains a viscosity modifier in the hydraulic composition, so that when it is made into a hardening paste, it has a moderate fluidity that makes it easy to inject into a drilled hole, and a moderate viscosity that does not flow out even when injected into an upward drilled hole. By using this composition set, the anchor element is less likely to come off and can be firmly fixed. In addition, by using this composition set, it is possible to apply it to various constructions and productions such as repairing cracks that have occurred in concrete structures, fixing tiles, bricks, and blocks and filling their joints, stopping water leakage, preparing grout for civil engineering and construction work such as ground improvement and cavity filling, applying decorative mortar to the surface or wall coating for the interior and exterior of buildings, and mortar modeling for artistic works and decorative ornaments.

[0040] This hydraulic composition hardening set contains not only a first setting regulator in the hydraulic composition, but also an aqueous solution of a second setting regulator soaks in the hydraulic composition, so that both setting regulators prevent heat generation and prevent expansion and cracking during cooling, and while the usable time and setting time can be adjusted according to temperature, it does not harden until construction is performed, but hardens quickly during curing after injection. In particular, when used for fixing anchor elements, hardening is delayed so that it does not harden until the hardening paste is injected into the drilled hole, but hardens quickly during curing after injection.

[0041] Furthermore, since the resulting hardenable paste contains relatively coarse fine aggregate with a grain size classification of No. 4 to No. 8, particularly when used to fix anchor elements, the fine aggregate is likely to get caught on the unevenness of the inner surface of the drilled hole and the unevenness of the anchor elements, compressing them like a wedge and making it difficult for the anchor elements to come out, allowing the anchor elements to be firmly fixed in place while the usable time and setting time can be adjusted according to the temperature.

[0042] The obtained hardening paste can be easily injected into a drilled hole for fixing an anchor element such as a reinforcing bar or an anchor bolt in a concrete structure or bedrock such as a culvert, a dam body, or a building. Moreover, an anchor element can be manually driven into the drilled hole into which the hardening paste has been injected without using a driving device. In addition, the hardening paste can be injected into many drilled holes one after another in an assembly line operation, and the usable time and setting time can be adjusted according to the temperature, so that construction can be efficiently carried out in many places in a short period of time. In addition, it is possible to carry out wide-area or large-volume construction work in a short period of time, such as repairing cracks, fixing or filling joints of bricks, blocks, or tiles, stopping water leakage, improving the ground, filling cavities, applying decorative mortar to the surface, plastering walls, or creating or decorating fixtures.

[0043] According to the hardening paste application method of the present invention, specifically, the cartridge type hardening paste application method, by simply contacting the fixing agent-containing capsule sealed in the water-permeable cylindrical container with the aqueous solution of setting regulator using the hydraulic composition hardening set as described above, the hydraulic composition absorbs the required amount of water without excess or deficiency and evenly throughout, so that the anchor element fixing method can be performed reliably with the usable time and setting time that can be adjusted as desired according to the temperature without making mistakes such as spilling the aqueous solution of setting regulator or putting in the wrong amount of the aqueous solution of setting regulator. Furthermore, since the hydraulic composition absorbs water evenly, even an inexperienced worker who is not familiar with the stirring operation can easily and reliably perform the application.

[0044] This hardening paste application method has a simple process of immersing a capsule containing a fixing agent in an aqueous solution of a setting regulator, absorbing the aqueous solution of the setting regulator to cause the hydraulic composition to coagulate, and then holding the capsule containing the fixing agent by hand and placing it in a cylinder cartridge with a discharge port, so that no special procedures are required and it does not depend on the skill level of the worker, and it is possible to perform a homogeneous injection type post-installed anchor construction method. Therefore, the anchor element can always be fixed to the concrete structure with the desired strength.

[0045] This hardenable paste application method includes a process of stirring and agitating the aggregated hydraulic composition in a cylinder cartridge, and since the aggregated hydraulic composition is uniformly dispersed and the desired usable time and setting time can be adjusted according to temperature, a hardenable paste having appropriate fluidity can be prepared. Therefore, the resistance to extrusion of the hardenable paste from the cylinder cartridge can be significantly reduced, and the burden on the worker can be reduced.

[0046] If this hardenable paste application method includes a step of cleaning the inner wall surface of the cylinder cartridge after the step of injecting the hydraulic composition is completed, the cylinder cartridge can be reused, which contributes to reducing waste and costs.

[0047] In this hardening paste application method, if the water-permeable cylindrical container in which the hydraulic composition is enclosed is easily destructible because it contains paper, nonwoven fabric, etc., the agglomerated hydraulic composition can be removed by the simple operation of breaking it by hand, and no tools are required. Therefore, the worker can smoothly refill the cylinder cartridge and perform subsequent application while adjusting the expected usable time and setting time.

[0048] According to another hardening paste application method of the present invention, specifically, the pack type hardening paste application method, the set regulator aqueous solution is not contained in the fixing agent-containing pack in advance, and the required amount of the set regulator aqueous solution is put into the fixing agent-containing pack when it is used, so there is no need to separate the set regulator aqueous solution from the hydraulic composition with a partition, and therefore the structure of the pack can be simplified, and there is no problem that the partition comes off or loosens during transportation or storage, causing the two to come into contact. In addition, there is no need to handle the pack carefully so that the partition does not come off, so it can be easily transported and stored. Furthermore, without considering the load capacity of the partition, an appropriate amount of hardening paste can be prepared by storing the hydraulic composition in a pack in an amount corresponding to the construction scale, from small to medium, and injecting the required amount of the set regulator aqueous solution.

[0049] In the hardening paste application method, a hydraulic composition and an aqueous solution of a setting regulator can be mixed by a very simple method of stepping on, kneading, or shaking the pack, to prepare a hardening paste having a desired usable time and setting time adjusted.

[0050] In both the cartridge and pack methods, when an injection tube with an injection amount indication mark is used, the worker injects the hardening paste while moving the cylinder cartridge or pack in the direction of removing the injection tube from the drilled hole opened in the concrete structure, and ends the injection when the injection amount indication mark appears and disappears from the opening of the drilled hole, and the specified amount of hardening paste can be injected into the drilled hole without excess or deficiency by a simple operation. As a result, in the process of inserting the anchor element into the drilled hole into which the hardening paste has been injected, the excess amount of hardening paste does not overflow from the opening of the drilled hole, which is economical and reduces waste. Furthermore, since there is no shortage of the hardening paste, and there is no need to inject additional hardening paste to make up for the shortage in the later process, the anchor element fixing work can be carried out quickly.

[0051] Furthermore, by using this injection amount indication mark as a guide, the hardening paste can be injected into the drilled hole from the inside of the cylinder cartridge or pack and from the inside of the cylinder cartridge or pack to the injection amount indication mark on the injection tube.Since the injection amount does not vary from cylinder cartridge to cylinder cartridge, pack to pack, or worker to worker, a uniform amount can be injected into the drilled hole, making it possible to repeatedly perform uniform construction.

[0052] The management of such a uniform amount of discharge is a big problem for contractors and the construction industry, but this hardening paste application method can solve this problem and adjust the expected usable time and setting time. As a method of managing the amount of discharge, an injection amount indication mark is attached to the hose, and the fixing agent-containing pack is squeezed by hand and naturally pulled up, and it is judged that the discharge is complete when the injection amount indication mark appears and disappears from the opening of the drilled hole. With this method, the speed of pulling up varies depending on the person, and even if the mark appears and disappears from the opening of the drilled hole, it is not possible to guarantee that the specified amount of hardening paste has entered the drilled hole. However, by adopting a method in which the hardening paste is discharged up to the very end of the injection tube in advance, and after the injection tube is inserted into the drilled hole, the injection tube itself is squeezed while being pulled up, only the amount of hardening paste enters the drilled hole by the amount of the injection tube squeezed, so that only the specified amount of hardening paste can be entered, and excellent discharge management can be performed. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0053] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the first half of the process of a method for fixing an anchor element by an example of a hardening paste application method (cartridge type) using a hydraulic composition hardening set to which the present invention is applied. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the latter half of the process of the anchor element fixing method according to an example of a hardening paste application method (cartridge type) using a hydraulic composition hardening set to which the present invention is applied. [Diagram 3]FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a hardenable paste kit having a hydraulic composition hardening set to which the present invention is applied, and the first half of a method for fixing an anchor element by another example (pack method) of a hardenable paste application method using the hardenable paste kit. [Figure 4] 1 is a perspective view illustrating the middle step of a method for fixing an anchor element using another example (pack method) of a hardenable paste application method to which the present invention is applied. FIG. [Diagram 5] 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating the latter steps of a method for fixing an anchor element using another example (pack method) of a curable paste application method to which the present invention is applied. FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of an adhesion strength test of a prototype obtained by an anchor element fixing method using an example of a hardening paste application method (cartridge type) using a hydraulic composition hardening set to which the present invention is applied. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0054] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0055] The hydraulic composition hardening set of the present invention and an example of a hardening paste application method using the same, particularly a cartridge type hardening paste application method, will be described in detail with reference to Figs.

[0056] First, the hydraulic composition hardening set of the present invention will be described. The hydraulic composition hardening set is composed of a hydraulic composition inclusion 100 containing hydraulic components, a viscosity modifier, a first setting modifier, and fine aggregate, which are enclosed in an encapsulating material, and a second setting modifier for making an aqueous solution (W) and contacting the hydraulic composition in the hydraulic composition inclusion. The hydraulic composition C1 shown in FIG. 1(a) is contained in a water-permeable cylindrical container 110, and contains hydraulic components containing portland cement, alumina cement, and a quick-setting agent, a viscosity modifier, a first setting modifier, and fine aggregate. On the other hand, the second setting modifier is made into an aqueous solution W of the setting modifier and then brought into contact with the hydraulic composition in the hydraulic composition inclusion, and is separated as a solid, particularly as a powder or particles, until it is made into an aqueous solution.

[0057] This hydraulic composition hardening set, which uses the first and second setting regulators, prevents heat generation when the hydraulic composition comes into contact with the aqueous setting regulator solution, thereby preventing expansion and cracking during cooling or hardening of the hardening paste, and also delays hardening so that the hardening paste does not harden until it is injected into the drilled hole, but hardens quickly during curing after injection. Also, a delayed-type fluidizing agent is not required.

[0058] The first and second setting regulators are, for example, usable time / setting time regulators, and adjust the usable time and setting time from the start of setting when the hardening paste C2 loses fluidity to the end of setting when hardening begins. The first and second setting regulators adsorb to the hydraulic component particles in the hardening paste C2 to cover their surfaces and suppress contact between the hydraulic component and the water component. This allows the hydration reaction of the hydraulic component to proceed gradually, preventing the hardening paste C2 from setting instantly. Examples of the first and second usable time / setting time regulators include oxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, gluconic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, salicylic acid, m-oxybenzoic acid, and p-oxybenzoic acid, and salts thereof, more specifically potassium sodium tartrate, etc.; inorganic carbonates; lignin sulfonic acid or its salts; and sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, pentitol, and hexitol, and one or more of these can be used. The use time / setting time regulator may be an alkali metal salt such as lithium salt, potassium salt, or sodium salt of carbonic acid, oxycarboxylic acid, or lignin sulfonic acid, or an alkaline earth metal salt such as magnesium salt or calcium salt. Among them, sodium citrate, lithium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and fumed silica (for example, Aerosil (trade name manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), which also functions as a strength enhancer) are preferred, and any one or a combination of two or more of trisodium citrate, lithium carbonate, and potassium carbonate are more preferred.

[0059] In the hydraulic composition C1, the first setting regulator, which is a usable time / setting time regulator, is contained in an amount of 1 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 8 parts by mass, and more preferably 1 to 5 parts by mass. On the other hand, the concentration of the setting regulator aqueous solution W prepared from the second setting regulator is adjusted to 1 to 10 w / v%, preferably 1 to 5 w / v%, more preferably 1 to 3 w / v%, and even more preferably 3 w / v%. The volume of the setting regulator aqueous solution W is preferably at least twice the volume of the hydraulic composition inclusion 100. If the dosage or concentration exceeds the upper limit of 10 parts by mass or 10 w / v%, respectively, the usable time or setting time becomes excessively long, causing, for example, separation of the hydraulic component from the fine aggregate before the setting is completed. On the other hand, if the dosage or concentration is less than the lower limit of 1 part by mass or 1 w / v%, respectively, the hydration reaction of the hydraulic component progresses rapidly, and the setting paste C2 immediately reaches the end of setting and hardens after the setting starts, causing cracks in the hardened body C3, damaging the aesthetic appearance, or causing water leakage from the cracks even when used as a water-stopping material.

[0060] In the case where an inclusion of a hydraulic composition containing hydraulic components including Portland cement, alumina cement, and an accelerator, a viscosity modifier, a first setting modifier, and fine aggregate according to an example of this hydraulic composition hardening set is brought into contact with a 3 w / v% concentration aqueous solution of setting modifier in which a second setting modifier is dissolved, the usable time (e.g., the time from when mortar is put into a cartridge and stirred with a mixer until it can no longer be discharged from the cartridge) and the setting time (e.g., the time required for setting measured with a setting tester) are longer than in the case of contact with water. Specifically, the usable time is 26 minutes under accelerated conditions in a 40°C environment and water temperature, and the compressive strength is about 43.8 N / mm on the first day of curing at room temperature. 2 Therefore, even though the set regulator is dissolved in water as a retarder to form an aqueous set regulator solution that absorbs a large amount of water, there is no significant decrease in strength compared to normal construction. In contrast, for comparison, when the hydraulic composition inclusion was made to contain, instead of the first setting regulator of this hydraulic composition hardening set, an amount of the second setting regulator equivalent to the amount of absorption when the aqueous solution of the setting regulator was absorbed into the hydraulic composition inclusion, the hydraulic composition inclusion was brought into contact with water. Due to the fact that the amount of the second setting regulator equivalent was added in solid form in addition to the first setting regulator originally contained in the hydraulic composition, the usable time was 20 minutes under the same accelerated conditions, but the compressive strength was 15.8 N / mm on the first day of curing at room temperature. 2 It will only be about 1 / 3 of the original amount. On the other hand, when water is brought into contact with an enclosure containing a normal mortar composition, which is a hydraulic composition containing hydraulic components including Portland cement, alumina cement, and an accelerating agent, a viscosity modifier, a first setting modifier (not containing an amount equivalent to the amount of the second setting modifier), and fine aggregate as in normal construction, instead of the hydraulic composition hardening set, the usable time and setting time are shorter than those in the case of the hydraulic composition hardening set. Specifically, the usable time is 12 minutes under accelerated conditions at 40°C, but the compressive strength is about 50.5 N / mm on the first day of curing at room temperature. 2 It was as follows. Therefore, when this hydraulic composition hardening set is used, the usable time and setting time can be delayed, while the compressive strength is hardly reduced compared to normal construction.

[0061] According to this hydraulic composition hardening set, when the hydraulic composition inclusion is immersed in the aqueous solution of the setting regulator in which the second setting regulator is dissolved, the setting time and usable time are delayed compared to when the hydraulic composition is simply immersed in water, and the compressive strength is almost unchanged compared to normal construction. The details of the reason are not necessarily clear, but it is presumed that when an aqueous solution of the coagulation regulator in which the second setting regulator is dissolved is added at the time of use to a hydraulic composition containing hydraulic components including Portland cement, alumina cement, and a quick-setting agent, a viscosity modifier, a first setting regulator, and fine aggregate, the aqueous solution together with the second setting regulator component quickly and uniformly spreads throughout the hydraulic composition containing the first setting regulator, and the first and second setting regulators can be evenly diffused, so that the setting is evenly adjusted and delayed, and is homogeneously induced, resulting in almost no change in the compressive strength compared to normal construction. In contrast, in the case of conventional normal construction in which water is added to a hydraulic composition that already contains hydraulic components including Portland cement, alumina cement, and an accelerated setting agent, a viscosity modifier, a first setting modifier, and fine aggregate, during storage, the coagulation modifier will have some kind of chemical interaction with other surrounding components, and even if it comes into contact with water, the coagulation modifier will quickly dissolve and become unable to diffuse, so not only does not cause sufficient delay in setting, but it will also be unevenly dispersed, resulting in uneven setting and a lack of significant improvement in strength when hardened, even if it solidifies.

[0062] The contents, by mass ratio, of Portland cement, alumina cement, quick-setting admixture, viscosity modifier, first setting modifier, and fine aggregate in the hydraulic composition C1 are preferably 20-60:30-70:10-40:0.1-1.0:1-10:10-40, more preferably 20-50:30-60:20-40:0.1-0.8:1-8:10-30, and even more preferably 20-40:30-50:20-30:0.1-0.5:1-5:15-30.

[0063] For example, when Portland cement is used as a standard, the ratio of alumina cement: quick-setting admixture: viscosity modifier: first setting retarder: fine aggregate to 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 parts by mass of Portland cement is preferably 30-70:10-40:0.1-1.0:1-10:10-40 parts by mass, more preferably 30-60:20-40:0.1-0.8:1-8:10-30 parts by mass, and even more preferably 30-50:20-30:0.1-0.5:1-5:15-30 parts by mass.

[0064] When alumina cement is used as a standard, the ratio of Portland cement: quick-setting admixture: viscosity modifier: first setting retarder: fine aggregate to 30, 40, 50, 60, or 70 parts by mass of alumina cement is preferably 20-60:10-40:0.1-1.0:1-10:10-40 parts by mass, more preferably 20-50:20-40:0.1-0.8:1-8:10-30 parts by mass, and even more preferably 20-40:20-30:0.1-0.5:1-5:15-30 parts by mass.

[0065] When the quick-setting admixture is used as a standard, the ratio of Portland cement:alumina cement:viscosity modifier:first set retarder:fine aggregate to 10, 20, 30, or 40 parts by mass of the quick-setting admixture is preferably 20-60:30-70:0.1-1.0:1-10:10-40 parts by mass, more preferably 20-50:30-60:0.1-0.8:1-8:10-30 parts by mass, and even more preferably 20-40:30-50:20-30:0.1-0.5:1-5:15-30 parts by mass.

[0066] When the viscosity modifier is used as a standard, the ratio of Portland cement:alumina cement:accelerating agent:first setting modifier:fine aggregate is preferably 20-60:30-70:10-40:0.1-1.0:1-10:10-40 parts by mass, more preferably 20-50:30-60:20-40:1-8:10-30 parts by mass, and even more preferably 20-40:30-50:20-30:0.1-0.5:1-5:15-30 parts by mass per 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, or 1.0 part by mass of the viscosity modifier.

[0067] When the first set regulator is used as a standard, the ratio of Portland cement:alumina cement:accelerating agent:viscosity modifier:fine aggregate to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 parts by mass of the set regulator is preferably 20-60:30-70:10-40:0.1-1.0:10-40 parts by mass, more preferably 20-50:30-60:20-40:0.1-0.8:10-30 parts by mass, and even more preferably 20-40:30-50:20-30:0.1-0.5:1-5:15-30 parts by mass.

[0068] When fine aggregate is used as a standard, the ratio of Portland cement:alumina cement:accelerating agent:viscosity modifier:first setting retarder to 10, 15, 20, or 30 parts by mass of fine aggregate is preferably 20-60:30-70:10-40:0.1-1.0:1-10 parts by mass, more preferably 20-50:30-60:20-40:0.1-0.8:1-8 parts by mass, and even more preferably 20-40:30-50:20-30:0.1-0.5:1-5 parts by mass.

[0069] The fine aggregate reduces the shrinkage that occurs when the hardening paste C2 hardens after setting, and prevents the occurrence of cracks in the hardened body C3. It also reduces the heat generated by the hydration reaction of the hydraulic components, suppresses the temperature rise of the hardening paste C2, and prevents excessive increase in fluidity and extension of the usable time and setting time. The fine aggregate is at least one selected from sands such as silica sand, river sand, sea sand, and crushed sand; inorganic materials such as alumina clinker, silica powder, and limestone; crushed urethane, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) foam, and crushed foamed resin, and among these, silica sand is preferred.

[0070] It is preferable that the fine aggregate does not contain coarse particles of 1 mm or more. Specifically, the particle size classification according to Table 3 of JIS G5901 (2016) is preferably 4 to 8, more preferably 4 to 7, and even more preferably 4 to 6. By setting the particle size classification of the fine aggregate within this range, coarse particles of 1 mm or more can be excluded. The specific particle size distribution in this particle size classification is 600 to 1180 μm for No. 4, 425 to 850 μm for No. 4.5, 300 to 600 μm for No. 5, 212 to 425 μm for No. 5.5, 150 to 300 μm for No. 6, 106 to 212 μm for No. 6.5, 75 to 150 μm for No. 7, 53 to 106 μm for No. 7.5, and 38 to 75 μm for No. 8.

[0071] The particle size classification is determined using mesh sieves having three nominal openings. The mass ratio of the fine aggregate on the surface of each mesh sieve to the total mass of the measurement sample of fine aggregate is preferably 70 mass% or more, more preferably 80 mass% or more, and even more preferably 90 mass% or more.

[0072] The hydraulic composition C1 contains 10 to 40 parts by mass, preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass, and more preferably 15 to 30 parts by mass of fine aggregate. The fine aggregate content in this range is set to 8 to 38% by mass, preferably 8 to 25% by mass, and 27 to 67% by mass, preferably 27 to 33% by mass, based on the entire hydraulic composition C1. In this way, the fine aggregate is fine grains with a particle size of less than 1.2 mm, and the content in the hydraulic composition C1 is a low content of 67% by mass at most, so that the coagulation of the hydraulic composition C1 is not inhibited. If the particle size, content, and content of the fine aggregate exceed the above upper limits, the hydraulic component and the fine aggregate are separated during construction using the hardening paste C2, and the hardened body C3 cannot exhibit the desired strength.

[0073] The viscosity modifier is, for example, a thickener, and more specifically, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and natural polysaccharide derivatives which may contain at least one of these, acrylamide, starch ether, and polyelectrolytes may be used alone or in combination.

[0074] Examples of such thickening agents that serve as viscosity adjusters include commercially available products such as methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and carboxymethylcellulose, acrylamide, starch ether, and polyelectrolytes, such as ESAMID HP (manufactured by Lamberti Spa), which is a natural polysaccharide derivative, STARVIS S 5514 F, which is a mixture of polycarboxylic acid ether and polyacrylamide, and STARVIS SE 35 F, which is a starch ether (both manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.).

[0075] The polymer electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it has a dissociable group in the main chain or side chain of the polymer chain and dissociates in water, particularly in a coagulation regulator aqueous solution, to become a polymer ion. For example, the polymer ion may be a polymer ion having a polymer chain of at least one dissociable group such as a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid, a phosphorous acid, or a salt thereof, an aliphatic, aromatic, or heterocyclic group-containing amino group, or a salt thereof such as an inorganic acid salt or an organic acid salt, an alkali metal salt, or an alkaline earth metal salt thereof, a primary to quaternary ammonium group, or an organic ammonium group, a hydrocarbon-based, ether-based, or amino group-containing heterohydrocarbon-based, aromatic, heterocyclic, amide-based, and / or organic acid-based polymer chain; specifically, for natural products, alginic acid or a salt thereof, pectin (polygalacturonic acid) or a salt thereof, carboxymethylcellulose or a salt thereof, a protein, Examples of the synthetic polymer compounds include polyacrylic acid or a salt thereof, such as sodium polyacrylic acid salt, polystyrene sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, such as sodium polystyrene sulfonate, poly(allylamine) or a hydrochloride thereof, quaternized poly(vinylpyridine) or a salt thereof, anionic polyacrylamides, such as poly(acrylamide / sodium acrylate) copolymer and sodium poly(acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate, polymers containing anionic group-containing cyclic repeating units, such as poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid polymers, such as Nafion (a trade name manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich), semi-aromatic ammonium ronenes, aliphatic ammonium ronenes, heterocyclic ammonium ronenes, alkyl ethers, etc. Ammonium nitriles and free radical-containing polymeric compounds, specifically, STARVIS 308F (trade name of BASF Japan), Duramax, Tamol, Romax, and Dowex (all trade names of Dow Chemical Company), Acusol and Acumer (all trade names of Rohm and Haas Company), Dispex, and Magnafloc (all trade names of BASF Company) can be mentioned.

[0076] If the hydraulic composition C1 contains a viscosity modifier, when the hydraulic composition C1 is mixed with an aqueous solution of a setting regulator to form a hardening paste, it exhibits a moderate fluidity that is easy to inject into a drilled hole, and a moderate viscosity that does not flow out even when injected into an upward drilled hole, thereby achieving a balance between the two and making adjustments so that both effects can be exhibited. Moreover, the viscosity modifier makes the hardening paste exhibit excellent wettability, so that it adheres to fine aggregate to increase fluidity, and also makes it easier for the fine aggregate to get into the unevenness of the inner surface of the drilled hole and the unevenness of the anchor element, and hardens while being caught. As a result, when the hardening paste is injected into a drilled hole and an anchor element such as a rebar is driven in, the anchor element does not easily come out and can be firmly fixed.

[0077] The hydraulic composition C1 contains 0.1 to 1.0 parts by mass of the viscosity modifier, which is a thickener, preferably 0.1 to 0.8 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 parts by mass. If the content exceeds this upper limit, the extrusion resistance of the hardening paste C2 from the pack 10 increases significantly, and a hardened body C3 having sufficient strength cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content is less than the lower limit, the viscosity of the hardening paste C2 is insufficient.

[0078] The hydraulic components of the hydraulic composition C1 are M-type expansion cements that essentially contain portland cement, alumina cement, and an accelerator. Portland cement is mainly composed of silica (SiO2) and calcia (CaO), and may contain, for example, 20-25% by mass of silica and 60-70% by mass of calcia. In addition, alumina (Al2O3), magnesia (MgO), and iron oxide (Fe2O3) are each contained at 1-6% by mass. These components exist, for example, as calcium silicate, calcium aluminate, and calcium aluminoferrite.

[0079] Specific examples of Portland cement include ordinary Portland cement, high-early-strength Portland cement, ultra-high-early-strength Portland cement, moderate-heat Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, and white Portland cement. Among these, high-early-strength Portland cement is preferred. Only one of these Portland cements may be used, or a mixture of multiple types may be used. In the hydraulic composition C1, the Portland cement is contained in an amount of 20 to 60 parts by mass, preferably 20 to 50 parts by mass, and more preferably 20 to 40 parts by mass.

[0080] Alumina cement is a special cement mainly composed of calcium aluminate (CaO·Al2O3), and examples thereof include those containing 20-40 mass% calcia and 40-80 mass% alumina. The alumina cement is contained in the hydraulic composition C1 in an amount of 30-70 parts by mass, preferably 30-60 parts by mass, and more preferably 30-50 parts by mass.

[0081] Portland cement and alumina cement are finely powdered cement powders, and the average particle size is preferably 10 to 50 μm, more preferably 20 to 40 μm, and even more preferably 20 to 30 μm. The average particle size refers to a volume-based distribution measured by a laser diffraction / scattering method. An example of an apparatus for measuring such an average particle size is the Shimadzu laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring apparatus SALD-3100-WJA1:V1.00 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Since the cement powder is such a fine powder, chemical coagulation due to hydration of the cement powder caused by water absorption and physical coagulation due to the surface potential of the cement powder are likely to occur. As a result, due to the chemical coagulation or physical coagulation, or the synergistic effect of both, the hardening paste C2 injected into cracks that have occurred in the ceiling or wall of a concrete structure, for example, is unlikely to leak out from there.

[0082] Examples of the quick-setting agent include sulfates such as sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, and calcium sulfate, and one or more of these can be used. As calcium sulfate, gypsum such as anhydrous gypsum (CaSO4), hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO4·1 / 2H2O), and dihydrate gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) are preferred from the viewpoint of increasing the amount of ettringite produced, which will be described later. These quick-setting agents may be used alone or in combination. The hydraulic composition C1 contains 10 to 40 parts by mass of the quick-setting agent, preferably 20 to 40 parts by mass, and more preferably 20 to 30 parts by mass.

[0083] The hydraulic composition C1 preferably does not contain a delayed-type superplasticizer. However, it may contain a strength enhancer. The strength enhancer is silica fume, which is fine silica particles, siliceous powder such as blast furnace slag powder and / or fly ash, kaolin (kaolin containing silica and alumina, calcined kaolin, etc.). The delayed-type superplasticizer is a sulfonic acid-based superplasticizer such as naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate, melamine sulfonic acid formalin condensate, aromatic sulfonic acid formalin condensate, polystyrene sulfonic acid, lignin sulfonic acid, and salts thereof; a carboxylic acid-based superplasticizer such as polycarboxylic acid and salts thereof.

[0084] As time passes, the hydraulic components of the hardening paste C2 undergo a hydration reaction, coagulate, and then harden. Specifically, the reaction between calcium aluminate, gypsum, and water in the alumina cement progresses, producing ettringite (3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O), which is a calcium aluminate sulfate hydrate. When the gypsum, which is an accelerator, is consumed, ettringite reacts with calcium aluminate (aluminate phase) in the alumina cement to produce monosulfate hydrate. Calcium sulfoaluminate hydrates such as ettringite and monosulfate hydrate are bulky, water-insoluble needle-like crystals, and as they grow, the hardening paste C2 expands and coagulates, gradually hardening. Moreover, the gypsum, which is an accelerator, serves as a source of calcium sulfate, increasing the amount of ettringite produced, forming a high-strength hardened body C3.

[0085] The hardening paste C2 contains calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) which is formed by dissolving the calcia in the alumina cement in water. The silica fume and kaolin contained in the strength enhancer react with the calcium hydroxide to produce hydrates insoluble in water, which is called a pozzolanic reaction. This produces fine and dense crystals of calcium silicate hydrate (3CaO·2SiO2·3H2O) and calcium aluminate hydrate (3CaO·Al2O3·6H2O), which harden the hardening paste to a high strength. In particular, compared to blast furnace slag, which is powdered by crushing, and fly ash, which is relatively large and spherical because it is coal ash, the particles of calcined kaolin are finer and therefore have a larger surface area per unit mass. Therefore, silica fume and calcined kaolin have much higher pozzolanic activity than other siliceous powders, and produce dense hydrate crystals, which impart high compressive strength to the hardened body C3.

[0086] In this way, the hydraulic composition C1 contains alumina cement, a quick-setting agent such as gypsum, and a strength enhancer mainly composed of kaolin, and therefore the hardened body C3 thereof exhibits early strength, i.e., high strength is achieved within a few hours to a day after construction.

[0087] In parallel with the formation of ettringite and the pozzolanic reaction, the hydration reaction of calcium silicate in Portland cement progresses, and a hardened body C3 of calcium silicate hydrate such as tobermorite crystals is formed. As a result, the hydration reaction of calcium silicate is slower than that of calcium aluminate, so Portland cement is excellent in maintaining high strength for a long period of time, for example, from 7 days to several months after construction.

[0088] In this way, the hydraulic composition C1 contains portland cement, alumina cement, quick-setting additive, strength enhancer, fine aggregate, first setting regulator, and viscosity regulator, and is combined in a certain range of composition ratio, and by further adding the setting regulator aqueous solution in which the second setting regulator is dissolved, the time until the start of setting can be extended, and the worker can be given sufficient time required for construction. As a result, even if there are temperature differences due to various causes such as summer and winter, warm and cold regions, or outdoors and indoors, the concentration of the setting regulator aqueous solution can be adjusted accordingly, and the expected usable time and setting time can be achieved without adjusting the dosage of the first setting regulator, so even an inexperienced worker can fix tiles and fill joints with ease.

[0089] The compressive strength (based on JIS A1108 (2006)) of the hardened body C3 obtained from this hydraulic composition C1 was 50 N / mm2 at a curing temperature of 20 to 25°C and 50 N / mm2 only one day after construction. 2 After 7 days, it reached 70N / mm 2 , 80N / mm after 28 days 2 It improves to.

[0090] The hardening paste C2 exhibits a flow value of 40 to 90 seconds (based on JSCE-F 541-2013, a fluidity test method for filling mortar (J14 funnel test) specified in the Standard Specifications for Concrete). It also exhibits high fluidity in a flow test (based on JIS R5201 (2015)). For this reason, a worker can push out the hardening paste C2 from the bag 11 with his / her hands 31, 32 without much force, and the hardened paste C3 is preferably used for construction work grout, for example, where a relatively high strength is required.

[0091] The hydraulic composition C1 may further contain a thickener in addition to a strength enhancer such as silica fine particles that exhibit a thickening effect. The thickener exhibits a thickening effect like a binder that bonds hydraulic component particles together. Furthermore, it imparts an appropriate viscosity to the hardenable paste C2, preventing separation due to the difference in specific gravity between hydraulic components in the hardenable paste C2 and separation from water due to sedimentation of the hydraulic components. This promotes uniform dispersion of particles in the hardenable paste C2 and reduces the extrusion resistance from the pack 10. Furthermore, since the thickener causes the hardenable paste C2 to exhibit thixotropy, when the external force is removed, the viscosity of the hardenable paste C2 is increased and the fluidity is reduced. As a result, for example, when used in mortar molding such as decorating a vertical wall surface, the hardenable paste C2 does not drip, and therefore exhibits good workability.

[0092] Although a hydraulic composition containing cement has been exemplified as the hardenable composition, other hydraulic compositions include hydraulic slag (granulated blast furnace slag), hydraulic lime (slaked lime containing CaO·SiO2), gypsum, starch, protein, and hydraulic urethane (for example, Alltac Act ("Alltac" is a registered trademark) manufactured by Tajima Roofing Co., Ltd.), which are prepared by mixing with water and harden into a hardenable paste. The hardenable composition is not limited to hydraulic compositions, and may be bisphenol A, which reacts with epichlorohydrin to harden and generate polycarbonate.

[0093] Next, a cartridge type hardening paste application method using the above hydraulic composition hardening set will be described.

[0094] The hydraulic composition hardening set comprises a hydraulic composition encapsulation body in which a hydraulic composition containing a hydraulic component including Portland cement, alumina cement, and a quick-setting agent, a viscosity modifier, a first setting modifier, and fine aggregate having a particle size classification of 4 to 8 according to JIS G5901 (2016) is encapsulated in an encapsulating material; and a second setting modifier for dissolving in water to form a setting modifier aqueous solution.

[0095] The anchor element fixing method using this hydraulic composition hardening set and a cartridge-type hardening paste application method is shown in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows an example of the first half of the anchor element fixing method using a cartridge-type hardening paste application method. The fixing agent-containing capsule 100 shown in Figure 1(a) has a water-permeable cylindrical container 110 and a powdered hydraulic composition C1 enclosed therein. The fixing agent-containing capsule 100 has a substantially cylindrical shape with narrowed ends. The water-permeable cylindrical container 110 is made of a nonwoven sheet, for example, made of paper and resin fiber, and has good water permeability and easy breakage.

[0096] The water-permeable cylindrical container 110 is preferably made of a nonwoven sheet having high water permeability and easy crushability. Examples of such nonwoven sheets include fine paper, medium-quality paper, kraft paper, Kent paper, imitation paper, crepe paper, heatron paper, corn paper, and Japanese paper. The raw materials for these may be any one of wood pulp such as pulp made from coniferous trees or pulp made from broadleaf trees, non-wood pulp such as Mitsumata, straw, bagasse, reed, kenaf, and mulberry, and waste paper pulp, or may be formed by mixing a plurality of them. The paper may also be synthetic fiber paper such as rayon paper or acetate paper.

[0097] The nonwoven sheet may contain a resin in addition to paper. This prevents the sheet from being easily broken during transportation, storage, or application, and prevents leakage of the hydraulic composition C1 contained therein. Examples of such resins include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polytributylene terephthalate; polyamide resins such as nylon 6, nylon 66, and aramid; and polyacrylic resins mainly composed of acrylonitrile.

[0098] On the other hand, a setting regulator aqueous solution W is prepared by dissolving a setting regulator in water. As shown in FIG. 1(a), the set regulator aqueous solution W is stored in a tray 200. The water used for the set regulator aqueous solution W is preferably tap water, since it is easily available at the construction site. The temperature of the set regulator aqueous solution W is preferably 5 to 30°C, more preferably 15 to 25°C. If the temperature of the set regulator aqueous solution W exceeds this upper limit, the pot life of the hardening paste C2 becomes extremely short, and the setting end point is reached before the completion of the hardening paste construction method (see FIG. 2). On the other hand, if the temperature is below the lower limit, the curing time of the hardened body C3, which is the hardened product of the hardening paste C2, is prolonged (see FIG. 2(f)), and the strength of the hardened body C3 is reduced. The fixing agent-containing capsule 100 is immersed in the set regulator aqueous solution W, and the hydraulic composition C1 absorbs the set regulator aqueous solution W. The set regulator aqueous solution W passes through the water-permeable cylindrical container 110 and penetrates into the powdered hydraulic composition C1. The water in the setting regulator aqueous solution W penetrates between the particles of the hydraulic components contained in the hydraulic composition C1, causing them to adhere to each other. This causes the hydraulic composition C1 to aggregate. At this time, the setting speed is adjusted by the setting regulator aqueous solution W.

[0099] The length L from the tip to the base of the fixing agent-containing capsule 100 is, for example, 100 to 400 mm, specifically, preferably 200 to 400 mm, more preferably 200 to 350 mm, even more preferably 200 to 300 mm, and even more preferably 250 to 300 mm. The diameter D at this time is, for example, 10 to 40 mm, specifically, preferably 20 to 40 mm, more preferably 20 to 35 mm, and even more preferably 30 to 35 mm. By having the length L within this range, the fixing agent-containing capsule 100 can be easily stored and transported, and good handling properties can be imparted, preventing damage to the water-permeable cylindrical container 110 caused by bending during handling by hand.

[0100] Also, by changing the value of the diameter D, the time required for the hydraulic composition C1 to absorb the required amount of the set regulator aqueous solution W, that is, the immersion time in the set regulator aqueous solution W, can be changed. When the diameter D is within the above range, the immersion time can be as short as 5 minutes or less, specifically 3 to 5 minutes, and even with such a short immersion time, a water absorption rate of 25 to 32 mass% can be obtained. The water absorption rate is expressed as a percentage obtained by dividing the weight before immersion in the set regulator aqueous solution by the weight after immersion. The required amount of the set regulator aqueous solution W is the upper limit amount of the set regulator aqueous solution W that the hydraulic composition C1 can absorb. Therefore, even if the fixing agent-containing capsule 100 is immersed in the set regulator aqueous solution W for a period exceeding this immersion time, the hydraulic composition C1 does not absorb the set regulator aqueous solution W in excess of the required amount. Also, if at least the above immersion time has elapsed, the absorption amount of the set regulator aqueous solution W is not insufficient. Moreover, unlike pouring water into a cylinder cartridge containing a hydraulic composition, the aqueous solution of the setting regulator W does not become unevenly distributed in the hydraulic composition, and the aqueous solution of the setting regulator W can be brought into contact with the hydraulic composition C1 evenly.

[0101] The fixing agent-containing capsule 100 is removed from the setting regulator aqueous solution W. The water-permeable cylindrical container 110 contains resin fibers, so that it has enough strength to be handled by hand without leaking the hydraulic composition C1 even when wet. As shown in FIG. 1(b), a part of the water-permeable cylindrical container 110 is broken at one end of the fixing agent-containing capsule 100, and the water-permeable cylindrical container 110 is rolled up and broken toward the other end so that the aggregate Ca of the hydraulic composition C1 is exposed, and then removed. The aggregate Ca is thereby removed from the water-permeable cylindrical container 110. The aggregate Ca is solidified as if it were undergoing false setting, so that it can maintain a substantially cylindrical shape even though the water-permeable cylindrical container 110 has been removed. Therefore, the aggregate Ca can be held by hand and handled.

[0102] 1(b) has a cylindrical body 320 having an opening 330 at its base end, and a tip 310 protruding from the tip of the body 320 in a direction away from the opening 330. The tip 310 is connected to the inner space of the body 320, and communicates the inner space of the body 320 with the outside world. A male thread is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the tip 310, and a cap 310a having a female thread on its inner circumferential surface is screwed with the male thread of the tip 310. The aggregate Ca taken out of the water-permeable cylindrical container 110 is inserted into the body 320 through the opening 330.

[0103] FIG. 1(c) shows the stirring process of the aggregate Ca. The stirrer 400 has a rotating rod 420 having two stirring blades 430 protruding from the tip, and a rotating tool 410 connected to the base end of the rotating rod 420 and rotating the rotating rod 420 together with the stirring blades 430 around the central axis of the rotating rod 420. The stirring blade 430 has an oval-shaped plate portion 430b having two straight sides facing each other and two arc-shaped sides connecting one end of each side and the other end of each side, a protrusion 430d protruding along each of the two arc-shaped sides, an opening 430a opened point-symmetrically on the plate portion 430b, and a tongue portion 430c connected in part to the opening 430a and protruding in the direction away from the protrusion 430d. The stirring blade 430 is fixed by welding to the rotating rod 420 penetrating the center of the plate portion 430b sandwiching the opening 430a. The two stirring blades 430 are fixed in series to the rotating rod 420 so that their tongue portions 430c face each other and cross each other.

[0104] The stirring blade 430 is inserted into the cylindrical body 320 together with the rotating rod 420. When the rotating tool 410 is operated, the rotating rod 420 and the stirring blade 430 rotate. The aggregate Ca in the cylinder cartridge 300 comes into contact with the stirring blade 430 and is stirred. The stirring time is preferably 5 to 60 seconds, more preferably 20 to 60 seconds, and even more preferably 20 to 40 seconds. When stirring the aggregate Ca and the hardenable paste C2, the cylinder cartridge 300 may be fixed vertically with the opening 330 facing upward and the cylinder tip 310 facing downward, so that the hardenable paste C2 does not leak from the opening 330.

[0105] By stirring, the aggregate Ca particles that had aggregated become uniformly dispersed, and the aggregate Ca changes into the hardenable paste C2 shown in Fig. 1(d). The hardenable paste C2 has fluidity. By converting the aggregate Ca into the hardenable paste C2 in advance, the extrusion resistance when the hardenable paste C2 is extruded from the cylinder cartridge 300 and injected into the drilled hole (see Fig. 2(c)) can be significantly reduced compared to when the aggregate Ca is extruded as is, and the burden on the worker can be reduced.

[0106] Next, as shown in FIG. 1(d), a disk-shaped lid 340, slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the cylinder 320 and the opening 330, is fitted into the opening 330. The lid 340 can move inside the cylinder 320 in response to pressure applied toward the cylinder tip 310. Next, an injection tube 310c is connected to a nozzle 310b, which has the same female thread as the cap 310a at its base end and an outlet opening at its tip. The injection tube 310c and the tip of the nozzle 310b, which gradually narrows toward the outlet, are fastened and fixed with a fastener 310d. A vinyl tape is wound and attached to the middle of the injection tube 310c to form an injection amount indication mark 310e. The injection amount indication mark 310e is provided at a position that is exposed from the opening of the drilled hole when the amount of hardening paste C2 that satisfies the difference between the volume of the hole drilled in a concrete structure such as a concrete foundation and the volume of the anchor element to be inserted therein is injected into the hole (see FIG. 2(d)). Further, the cap 310a is removed, and the nozzle 310b to which the injection tube 310c is connected is screwed onto the nozzle 310 and attached.

[0107] The injection gun 500 shown in FIG. 1( e) has a curved gutter-like cylinder body support part 520 having a diameter somewhat larger than that of the cylinder body 320 of the cylinder cartridge 300 and supporting the cylinder body 320, a tip side support part 510 standing on the tip of the cylinder body support part 520 and supporting the tip side of the cylinder body 320, a base end part 550 provided at the base end of the cylinder body support part 520, an operating part 540 fixed to the base end part 550, a piston 530 that is movable between the tip side support part 510 and the base end part 550 on the cylinder body support part 520, and a curved delivery rod 560 that is connected to the piston 530 at one end, passes through the base end part 550 and the operating part 540, extends beyond them, and is folded back at the other end.

[0108] The tip end support part 510 has two claws so that it can support the cylinder cartridge 300 by contacting the tip end side of the cylinder body 320 without contacting the cylinder tip 310. The operation part 540 has a grip part 540b which is gripped by the palm and thumb of the operator, and a trigger 540a on which the operator's fingers other than the thumb are hooked. The trigger 540a and the delivery rod 560 are connected via, for example, a ratchet mechanism. When the trigger 540a is pulled and moves toward the grip part 540b, the delivery rod 560 is delivered toward the tip end support part 510, and the piston 530 moves on the cylinder body support part 520. The piston 530 has a disk shape with a diameter smaller than that of the cylinder body 320 and the opening 330 so that it can move from the opening 330 of the cylinder cartridge 300 set in the injection gun 500 into the cylinder body 320 and press the lid body 340.

[0109] The lid 340 is fitted into the opening 330, and the delivery rod 560 is pulled in a direction away from the tip support part 510 to move the piston 53 toward the base end part 550. The cylinder cartridge 300 is set in the injection gun 500 so that the nozzle 310 protrudes between the two claws of the tip support part 510. Next, the trigger 540a is pulled multiple times to move the piston 530 toward the tip support part 510 until it abuts against the lid 340.

[0110] Injection gun 500 may be connected to a compressor (not shown) that generates compressed air, and this compressed air may be used to deliver delivery rod 560 in response to operation of trigger 540a. This can reduce the burden on the operator who operates trigger 540a.

[0111] Figure 2 shows an example of the latter half of the process of the anchor element fixing method using the cartridge type hardening paste application method. The figure shows the process of attaching the posts that fix the rockfall protection net to the concrete by the cartridge type hardening paste application method.

[0112] 2(a) is formed by concrete lining work on a slope 62, and covers the slope 62 with a substantially uniform thickness. Therefore, a surface 61a of the lining concrete 61 is inclined. An operator sets a core boring machine 71 on the surface 61a, and rotates a core drill 71a attached to the tip of the machine to form a cylindrical hole 61b.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 2(b), the operator inserts the injection tube 310c into the drilled hole 61b until the tip of the injection tube 310c contacts the bottom surface 61b1 of the drilled hole 61b. Next, the operator pulls the trigger 540a as shown in FIG. 2(c). The hardening paste C2 is pushed out and injected into the drilled hole 61b from the injection tube 310c. At this time, the operator continues to inject the hardening paste C2 while contacting the tip of the injection tube 310c with the liquid surface of the hardening paste C2 while gradually moving the injection gun 500 together with the cylinder cartridge 300 in the direction X in which the injection gun 500 moves away from the opening of the drilled hole 61b. As a result, the injection amount of the hardening paste C2 increases in the drilled hole 61b, and the injection tube 310c moves in the direction of being removed from the drilled hole 61b. The worker can also sense the pressure of the hardenable paste C2 that occurs when the liquid surface of the hardenable paste C2 moves toward the opening of the drilled hole 61b. This allows the worker to recognize that the hardenable paste C2 is being smoothly injected. When the worker continues this operation, as shown in FIG. 1D, the injection amount indication mark 310e appears and disappears at the opening of the drilled hole 61b. When the worker visually confirms that the injection amount indication mark 310e has appeared and disappeared at the opening of the drilled hole 61b, the worker returns the trigger 540a to end the injection. In this way, the worker can inject the hardenable paste C2 while leaving a space for the volume of the anchor element in the drilled hole 61b by simply performing the simple and easy task of moving the injection gun 500 and watching the opening of the drilled hole 61b during the injection process of the hardenable paste C2. As a result, it is possible to prevent the hardenable paste C2 from overflowing in a large amount from the opening of the hole 61b when the anchor element is inserted into the hole 61b, which is uneconomical.

[0114] In this way, the injection tube 310c is provided with the injection amount indication mark 310e, and by performing the injection process as described above, the worker can inject an appropriate amount of the hardening paste C2 into the drilled hole 61b without excess or deficiency. In particular, when inserting the anchor bolt 81, which is an anchor element, into the drilled hole 61b after the injection process of the hardening paste C2 (see FIG. 2(e)), waste such as overflowing of a large amount of the hardening paste C2 from the drilled hole 61b due to overinjection of the hardening paste C2 and poor construction due to insufficient injection are prevented. Furthermore, by simple management such as simply visually checking the injection amount indication mark 310e, for example, the amount of the hardening paste C2 required for one drilled hole 61b can be grasped, and the number of drilled holes 61b that can be injected and filled per cylinder cartridge can be determined.

[0115] Fig. 2(e) shows the process of driving in the anchor element. The anchor bolt 81, which is the anchor element, is a long, approximately cylindrical shape, with a base end (see Fig. 2(f)) that forms a surface that is approximately perpendicular to its central axis, and a tip end that is inclined with respect to the surface of the base end and has an elliptical surface. As a result, the tip of the anchor bolt 81 is sharply pointed, making it easy to insert into the drilled hole 61b filled with the hardening paste C2. A number of ribs 81a protrude from the tip to the middle of the anchor bolt 81. A male thread 81b is provided on the surface of the base end of the anchor bolt 81. A nut 83 that fixes the support of the rockfall protection net is screwed onto this male thread 81b (see Fig. 2(f)). The overall length of anchor bolt 81 satisfies the anchor bolt fixing length specified in the standard and is longer than the drilling length (depth) of drilled hole 61b so that when anchor bolt 81 is driven into drilled hole 61b, male thread 81b protrudes from the opening of drilled hole 61b.

[0116] The worker holds the base end of the anchor bolt 81 with the hand 31 and inserts it into the hardenable paste C2 in the drilled hole 61b while rotating the anchor bolt 81 around the central axis so that air does not get mixed into the hardenable paste C2. The hardenable paste C2 has a moderate fluidity, and the sharp tip of the anchor bolt 81 allows the worker to drive the anchor bolt 81 into the drilled hole 61b filled with the hardenable paste C2 without much force. The worker performs this process within the pot life, which is the time from when the hardenable paste C2 has completed absorbing water to when the hardenable paste C2 begins to set. If the pot life is exceeded, the fluidity of the hardenable paste C2 that has reached the beginning of setting will gradually be lost, and the driving resistance of the anchor bolt 81 will increase, making it difficult to drive it in by hand 31.

[0117] The worker supports the anchor bolt 81 with his / her hand 90 so that it is at a specified angle in the drilled hole 61b. As the hardening paste C2 reaches the end of setting and starts to harden, the anchor bolt 81 is fixed in the drilled hole 61b while maintaining the specified angle without the worker's support. If necessary, the worker removes the hardening paste C2 that has slightly overflowed from the drilled hole 61b.

[0118] 2(f) shows the lining concrete 61 after the steps shown in Fig. 2(a) to (e). The hardened body C3 produced by the hardening paste C2 hardens covers the opening of the drilled hole 61b, and is densely packed between the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 61b and the anchor bolt 81. The anchor bolt 81 is fixed to the lining concrete 61, and a nut 83 is screwed onto the male thread 81b at its base end to fix the support 82. The anchor effect of the rib 81a improves the pull-out strength of the anchor bolt 81 from the hardened body C3.

[0119] In this way, according to the cartridge-type method of applying a hardening paste using the hydraulic composition of the present invention, the hydraulic composition C1 can absorb a required amount of the setting regulator aqueous solution W simply by immersing the fixing agent-containing capsule 100 in the setting regulator aqueous solution W for a specified time, so there is no need to pour water into the cartridge, which may cause water overflow or measurement errors, or to shake the cartridge after pouring water. As a result, even an inexperienced worker can work easily and reliably, making it possible to perform uniform application, simplifying application management, and improving application efficiency.

[0120] As a result, the worker does not need to strictly manage the immersion time of the fixing agent-containing capsule 100 in the aqueous setting regulator solution W, and can reliably perform the steps from removing the water-permeable cylindrical container 110 of the fixing agent-containing capsule 100 (see Figure 1(b)) to inserting the anchor bolt 81 into the drilled hole 61b (see Figure 2(e)) with plenty of time to spare.

[0121] After the step of injecting the hardening paste C2 is completed and the hardening paste C2 in the cylinder 320 of the cylinder cartridge 300 is completely discharged from the injection tube 310c to empty the cylinder 320, a step of cleaning the inner wall surface of the cylinder 320 may be performed. In this case, it is preferable that the piston 530 of the injection gun 500 also serves as the lid 340. In this case, the operator can pull the delivery rod 560 to remove the piston 530 (lid 340) from the opening 330, and then clean the inner wall of the cylinder 320 (see Figs. 1(d) and (e)). Furthermore, it is preferable to perform this cleaning after removing the nozzle 310b from the cylinder 320. Furthermore, it is more preferable to loosen the fastener 310d to remove the injection tube 310c from the nozzle 310b, and clean the nozzle 310b and the injection tube 310c as well. In this cleaning step, the hardening paste C2 may be scraped off using water or a brush. According to the cleaning process, the cylindrical body 310, the nozzle 310b, and the injection tube 310c can be reused without being disposable, which contributes to reducing waste and construction costs. This cleaning process may be performed immediately after the injection process of the hardenable paste C2, or after the subsequent insertion process of the anchor bolt 81.

[0122] The tip of the anchor element may have a so-called cut-off shape, pyramidal shape, conical shape, or hemispherical shape having a surface parallel to the base end surface of the anchor element, or may have a so-called double-sided cut shape in which two inclined surfaces are formed by extending from opposing arcs at the tip of the anchor element in the extension direction of the tip and sharing a side facing the arcs, or may have a so-called tip bifurcated shape in which two inclined surfaces are formed by extending from opposing arcs at the tip of the anchor element in the base end direction and sharing a side facing the arcs.

[0123] The fixing agent-containing capsule 100 may be removed from the aqueous setting regulator solution W after soaking for a certain time and inserted directly into the drilled hole. The fixing agent-containing capsule 100 is inserted into the drilled hole after absorbing water, and then the anchor bolt is inserted into the drilled hole while striking the pointed base end of the anchor bolt, which breaks through the water-permeable cylindrical container 110 and causes the hardening paste C2 to flow into the drilled hole. The anchor bolt advances through the drilled hole while pushing aside the hardening paste C2. The hardened body C3 produced by the hardening of the hardening paste C2 blocks the opening of the drilled hole and also densely fills the space between the inner wall of the drilled hole and the anchor bolt.

[0124] Further, another example of the curable paste application method of the present invention, specifically a pack-type curable paste application method, and a curable paste application kit used therein will be described with reference to Figs.

[0125] The anchor element fixing method using the pack-type hardening paste application method is shown in Figs. 3 to 5. Fig. 3 shows the first half of the anchor element fixing method using the pack-type hardening paste application method. As shown in Fig. 3(a), the pack-type hardening paste application method uses a pack 10 containing only the hydraulic composition C1, which is a powder containing cement as the hardening composition, in a bag body 11, and a hardening paste application kit 1 including a bottle 21, which is a container containing the setting adjuster aqueous solution W as a liquid agent required for hardening the hydraulic composition C1. The hydraulic composition C1 is changed into the hardening paste C2 (see Fig. 4(b)) by contacting and mixing with the setting adjuster aqueous solution W, and further undergoes a hydration reaction to harden and harden to generate a hardened body C3 (see Fig. 5(f)).

[0126] The pack 10 has a bag 11 having a welded strip 11a formed by welding two roughly rectangular films together at their peripheries into a strip of a certain width, and a port 12 fixed to an upper end edge 11a1 of the bag 11. The port 12 has a tubular portion 12a that connects the interior of the bag 11 to the outside, and a base portion 12b that is connected to the base of the tubular portion 12a and welded to the upper end edge 11a1. A male thread is provided on the outer surface of the tubular portion 12a (see FIG. 3(c)), which is screwed into a female thread on the inner surface of the cap 13. This allows the cap 13 to be attached to the tubular portion 12a.

[0127] In the bag body 11, the length of the upper end edge portion 11a1 having the port 12 and the lower end edge portion 11a3 facing the upper end edge portion 11a1 are preferably shorter than the length of the side edge portion 11a2 of the bag body 11. Specifically, the outer dimensions of the bag body 11, that is, the length (width) of the upper end edge portion 11a1 and the lower end edge portion 11a3, are preferably 50 to 300 mm, more preferably 100 to 250 mm, and even more preferably 100 to 200 mm. Also, the length (length) of the side edge portion 11a2 is preferably 100 to 500 mm, preferably 250 to 500 mm, more preferably 250 to 400 mm, and even more preferably 300 to 400 mm. The outer dimensions of the bag body 11 are determined within these ranges according to the amount (mass and volume) of the hydraulic composition C1 to be contained and the amount (mass and volume) of the aqueous setting regulator solution W to be injected into the bag body 11. When the bag body 11 is upright, the flat upper end surface of the hydraulic composition C1 is preferably located from the middle between the upper end side portion 11a1 and the lower end side portion 11a3 toward the lower end side portion 11a3, that is, in the lower half of the bag body 11 in the vertical direction.

[0128] The mass of the hydraulic composition C1 contained in the bag body 11 is 100 to 3000 g. The amount may be within this range, and can be appropriately selected according to the number of application locations and the thickness and length of the anchor elements to be fixed, such as, for example, just under 300 g, 500 g, 1000 g, 1500 g, 2000 g, and 2500 g. If the mass of the hydraulic composition C1 contained in the bag body 11 exceeds 3000 g, the hardening paste C2 (see Figs. 5(b) to (d)) prepared by adding the setting regulator aqueous solution W to the hydraulic composition C1 becomes too heavy as described below, and manual workability decreases.

[0129] For example, the weight of the hydraulic composition C1 contained in the bag body 11 is preferably 100 to 2000 g, but if it exceeds 500 g, the total weight of the hydraulic composition C1 per bag and the amount of water required to harden it will be heavy, which will be a considerable physical burden when mixing by kneading or stepping on it at the time of use. Therefore, if the hydraulic composition C1 per bag is 500 g or less, preferably 200 to 400 g, the total weight including the amount of water required to harden it will be only about twice as much, so it is relatively light and easy to carry, and relatively compact, so that it can be uniformly mixed by kneading or stepping on it in a shorter time at the time of use at the site without much physical burden, and it will be easy to discharge. For example, if 780 g of hydraulic composition C1 is contained in a bag 11 having a width of about 150 mm and a length of about 350 mm, it takes about one and a half to three minutes to mix it with a predetermined amount of water, whereas if 280 g of hydraulic composition C1 is contained in a bag 11 having a width of about 100 mm and a length of about 320 mm, it takes only one minute or less to mix it uniformly with a predetermined amount of water.

[0130] The bag 11 is made of a resin such as polyamide that is difficult for water to permeate and has high strength, and is formed of a relatively thick film. The thickness of this film is preferably 100 to 250 μm, more preferably 100 to 180 μm, and even more preferably 100 to 150 μm. Such a bag 11 will not be damaged by vibration or friction that occurs during transportation or storage, and since the tip opening of the tubular portion 12a is closed by the cap 13, the hydraulic composition C1 will not unexpectedly come into contact with water.

[0131] In addition, it is preferable that the film is colorless and transparent or translucent and colored in any color such as white or blue so that the hydraulic composition C1, the hardening paste C2, and the aqueous setting regulator solution W in the bag body 11 can be seen through the bag body 11.

[0132] On the other hand, the bottle 21 contains a specified amount of the set regulator aqueous solution W corresponding to the mass of the hydraulic composition C1. For example, Aiser Pure Water (250 mL, manufactured by Axis Co., Ltd., product name) is commercially available as a bottle 21 containing the set regulator aqueous solution W. However, it is quite a hassle to transport the water-filled bottle 21 to the work site. Therefore, it is simpler and more efficient to transport the empty bottle 21 to the work site, dissolve the set regulator in water that is easily available at the work site, such as tap water, to prepare the set regulator aqueous solution W, and pour a specified amount into the bottle 21. A cap (not shown) that liquid-tightly closes the tip opening of the bottle 21 is screwed and attached to the nozzle 21a of the bottle 21 containing the set regulator aqueous solution W until it is used. In addition, the bottle 21 is molded from a hard resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate, so it has excellent shape stability, can maintain its outer shape without being deformed by the flow of the set regulator aqueous solution W, and is not damaged by vibration or friction. Therefore, the aqueous solution of setting regulator W does not accidentally leak from the bottle 21 during transportation or storage.

[0133] In this way, the hydraulic composition C1 and the aqueous solution of setting regulator W are separately contained in the bag body 11 and the bottle 21, respectively, so that accidental contact between the two is reliably avoided, and the aqueous solution of setting regulator W is contained in the bottle 21 having a fixed shape, so that it is easy to handle during transportation and storage. In addition, since it is not necessary to transport the hydraulic composition C1 and the aqueous solution of setting regulator W at the same time, the materials for preparing the setting paste can be dispersed and carried to any place. Thus, when a large amount of setting paste needs to be prepared, the labor required for transportation can be reduced compared to carrying a pouch container in which the hydraulic composition and the aqueous solution of setting regulator are inseparably contained in the required weight.

[0134] The operator removes the cap attached to the nozzle 21a immediately before preparing the hardenable paste C2, and instead attaches the injection nozzle 22 to the nozzle 21a in a liquid-tight manner. The injection nozzle 22 has a cap-shaped attachment part 22a screwed to the bottle 21 at its base end, and a cone part 22b that extends upward while gradually reducing in diameter on its upper surface. As a result, the cone part 22b forms a tapered truncated cone-shaped cylinder. A rib 22c protrudes from the outer surface of the cone part 22b between its tip and the upper surface of the attachment part 22a. The rib 22c protrudes in four directions along the orthogonal diameters of the circular cross section of the cone part 22b, and at a constant height along the taper of the cone part 22b. Note that, although an example having the rib 22c is shown in FIG. 3, it is not necessary to have the rib 22c.

[0135] Next, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the worker removes the cap 13 and places the pack 10 on a suitable platform (not shown) so that it stands upright. The worker pinches the tubular portion 12a of the port 12 with the right hand 31 so that it faces slightly downward, and folds the bag body 11 closer to the upper end edge portion 11a1 than the upper end surface of the hydraulic composition C1. This prevents the hydraulic composition C1 from leaking from the tip opening of the tubular portion 12a. Next, the worker holds the bottle 21 with the left hand 32 and inserts the conical portion 22b into the tip opening of the tubular portion 12a from its tip. At this time, if the tip of the conical portion 22b is not positioned above the bottom of the bottle 21, the injection nozzle 22 cannot be inserted into the port 12, so that the aqueous solution of setting regulator W does not leak from the tip opening of the conical portion 22b.

[0136] The taper of the conical portion 22b or the rib 22c provided as required bites into and fits into the opening of the cylindrical portion 12a. At this time, since the rib 22c protrudes from the outer surface of the conical portion 22b, a gap S corresponding to the height of the rib 22c is formed between the outer surface of the conical portion 22b and the opening of the cylindrical portion 12a (see FIG. 1(c)). By connecting the port 12 and the injection nozzle 22 in this way, the pack 10 and the bottle 21 are connected.

[0137] As shown in FIG. 3(c), the worker holds the upper end edge 11a1 of the bag body 11 with the right hand 31 to hold the pack 10 upright, and then turns the bottle 21 upside down so that the bottom of the bottle 21 is on the upper side and the injection nozzle 22 is on the lower side. As a result, the aqueous solution of set regulator W in the bottle 21 is poured into the bag body 11 through the injection nozzle 22. As the aqueous solution of set regulator W flows into the bag body 11, the air in the bag body 11 is discharged from the gap S. In this way, the pack 10 and the bottle 21 are integrally connected by the injection nozzle 22, so that the set regulator aqueous solution W measured in advance can be reliably absorbed into the hydraulic composition C1 without spilling at all, and also by discharging the air, quickly. After visually confirming that the entire amount of the aqueous solution of set regulator W in the bottle 21 has been poured into the bag body 11, the worker removes the injection nozzle 22 from the cylindrical portion 12a and releases the connection between the pack 10 and the bottle 21.

[0138] The amount of the setting regulator aqueous solution W per 100 parts by mass of the hydraulic composition C1 is preferably 20 to 40 parts by mass, more preferably 25 to 40 parts by mass, and even more preferably 25 to 35 parts by mass. If the amount of the setting regulator aqueous solution W is less than this lower limit, the amount of the setting regulator aqueous solution W is insufficient to prepare a hardening paste C2 having appropriate fluidity, and workability such as repairing cracks and filling tile joints is reduced. On the other hand, if the amount of the setting regulator aqueous solution W exceeds this upper limit, the hardening paste C2 shows excessive fluidity, lacks crack filling properties, and prolongs the curing time until hardening. In addition, the temperature of the water is preferably 3 to 50°C, more preferably 10 to 20°C.

[0139] Fig. 4 shows the middle step of the anchor element fixing method using the pack-type hardening paste application method. As shown in Fig. 4(a), the cap 13 is screwed onto the tubular portion 12a to seal the bag body 11. The cap 13 covers the tip opening of the tubular portion 12a and seals it liquid-tight, so that the hydraulic composition C1 and the aqueous solution of setting regulator W in the bag body 11 do not leak out. The worker holds the pack 10 with both hands 31 and 32 and kneads and pushes the bag body 11. This causes the bag body 11 to deform, and the hydraulic composition C1 and the aqueous solution of setting regulator W are mixed to prepare the hardening paste C2.

[0140] If necessary, the pack 10 may be turned upside down so that the upper end edge portion 11a1 faces downward and the lower end edge portion 11a3 faces upward, the pack 10 may be swung back and forth in a horizontal or vertical direction, or the bag body 11 may be folded. Alternatively, after pouring the aqueous solution of setting regulator W, the pack may be shaken up and down strongly about 10 times, and then the pack may be turned upside down and shaken up and down strongly again about 10 times. This procedure may be repeated 4 to 5 times to premix the aqueous solution of setting regulator W so that the aqueous solution of setting regulator W is distributed throughout the cement. In addition to the hydraulic composition C1 and the aqueous solution of setting regulator W, air A may occupy a part of the volume of the inner space of the bag body 11. In this process, it is not necessary to rub or press the bag body 11 with such a strong force and for such a long time that the aqueous solution of setting regulator W injected from above the hydraulic composition C1 reaches the vicinity of the lower end edge portion 11a3. This is because, in addition to the fact that they can be mixed thoroughly later using a pressing tool as necessary, the burden on the worker increases and there is a risk that the mixture of the hydraulic composition C1 and the aqueous solution of the setting adjuster W will reach the initial setting point and start hardening.

[0141] As shown in FIG. 4(b), the pack 10 is supported by the right hand 31 so that it stands upright on the platform again. The cap 13 is loosened and removed by the left hand 32 to release the sealing of the bag body 11. This allows the inner space of the bag body 11 to communicate with the outside. Next, the bag body 11 is deformed by gripping and pushing it with the right hand 31. This causes at least parts of the opposing inner surfaces of the bag body 11 to come into contact with each other, and the air A inside the bag body 11 is discharged from the port 12. At this time, the air retention portion above the bag body 11 is pinched with the right hand 31 and the right hand 31 is slid toward the upper end edge portion 11a1 to quickly discharge the air A. When most of the air A has been discharged, the worker tightens the cap 13 again.

[0142] The order of the step of kneading the bag body 11 shown in Fig. 4(a) and the step of discharging the air A shown in Fig. 4(b) may be reversed. In this case, specifically, after injecting the set regulator aqueous solution W into the pack 10 (see Fig. 3(c)), before attaching the cap 13 to the cylindrical portion 12a to seal the bag body 11, the pack 10 is deformed to discharge the air A from the port 12. Next, while the pack 10 is deformed, the cap 13 is attached to the cylindrical portion 12a to seal the bag body 11, and the pack 10 is held with both hands 31 and 32 and pressed and kneaded to mix the set regulator aqueous solution W and the hydraulic composition C1 to prepare the hardenable paste C2.

[0143] The external force applied to the pack 10 during mixing may be manual force such as pushing or kneading the pack 10, stepping on it, or shaking it. When this method is adopted, the pack 10 can be pressed or shaken by contacting it with a part of the human body such as a hand, elbow, knee, or foot, or by grabbing it with a hand, to prepare the hardenable paste C2. The time for applying manual force is preferably 30 to 120 seconds, more preferably 30 to 90 seconds, and even more preferably 30 to 60 seconds. In addition, the external force applied to the pack 10 during mixing the hydraulic composition and the aqueous solution of the setting regulator and / or extruding the hardenable paste may be mechanical power, or may be either or both of the pressing force of a pressing roller (not shown) and manual force.

[0144] The film forming the bag body 11 is preferably soft and flexible. Examples of the material of this film include thermoplastic resins, specifically, homopolymers and / or copolymers and / or polymer blends including at least one of the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, poly-4-methylpentene-1, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, cyclic polyolefins, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide (nylon), polyester, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyvinyl chloride.

[0145] The film may have a single layer structure made of one of the above thermoplastic resins, or may have a multilayer structure in which a plurality of films made of the same or different thermoplastic resins are bonded together. When the film has a multilayer structure, for example, a multilayer structure in which a polyamide (nylon) layer (PA; 15 μm thick) / barrier polyamide (nylon) layer (barrier PA; 15 μm thick) / linear low density polyethylene layer (LLDPE; 130 μm thick) are laminated from the inner layer to the outer layer in this order may be mentioned. In addition, the multilayer structure may have a linear low density polyethylene layer (LLDPE; 130 μm thick) / polyamide (nylon) layer (PA; 15 μm thick) / barrier polyamide (nylon) layer (barrier PA; 15 μm thick) in the inner side from the inner layer to the outer layer. Furthermore, the multilayer structure may be in the order of polyethylene terephthalate layer (PET; 12 μm thick) / barrier polyamide (nylon) layer (barrier PA; 15 μm thick) / linear low density polyethylene layer (LLDPE; 130 μm thick) from the inner layer to the outer layer. In particular, it is preferable that the LLDPE layer, which is the outermost layer, has a thickness of at least 100 μm. As a result, even if the internal pressure of the bag body 11 increases due to friction with hands or feet or pressure caused by them, the film will not break or tear. On the other hand, if the thickness of the LLDPE layer exceeds 150 μm, the film is difficult to deform due to external pressure, so that the hydraulic composition C1 and the aqueous setting regulator solution W cannot be sufficiently mixed and kneaded, and a homogeneous hardenable paste C2 cannot be obtained. The welding zone 11a can be formed by heat welding, ultrasonic welding, or induction welding.

[0146] The above-mentioned thermosetting resin can also be used as the material for the port 12.

[0147] As shown in FIG. 4(c), an injection connector 23 that can be screwed interchangeably with the cap 13 and an injection tube 24 that has a thickness that can be fitted to the tip of the injection connector 23 and has a tape with an injection amount indication mark 25 attached or an injection amount indication mark 25 printed thereon are prepared. The injection connector 23 is a cylinder and has a circular opening at its upper end. The injection connector 23 also has a female thread that can be screwed into the male thread of the cylinder portion 12a on the inner wall surface of the base end, and has multiple scale-like rings 23a on the outer surface from the middle to the tip. Each scale-like ring 23a is formed concentrically with the circular opening and has a truncated shape that gradually widens toward the base end. As a result, multiple steps are formed on the outer surface of the injection connector 23. A connector with such an outer shape is called a bamboo shoot. The operator attaches the injection connector 23 by screwing it into the cylinder portion 12a.

[0148] Next, as shown in FIG. 4(c), one end of the injection tube 24 is fitted into the injection connector 23, and the injection tube 24 and the injection connector 23 are fastened and fixed with a fastener 26. The injection connector 23 has a plurality of steps due to the scale-like ring portion 23a, and the injection tube 24 is fastened with the fastener 26, so that the injection connector 23 does not easily come off. A vinyl tape is wound around the middle of the injection tube 24 and affixed thereto as an injection amount indication mark 25. The injection amount indication mark 25 is affixed at a position that is exposed from the opening of the drilled hole 61b when the amount of the hardening paste C2 that satisfies the difference between the volume of the drilled hole 61b and the volume of the insertion portion of the anchor element to be inserted therein is injected into the drilled hole 61b (see FIG. 5(d)).

[0149] The latter half of the process of the anchor element fixing method using the hardening paste application method by the pack method, which is one example of the hardening paste application method of the present invention, is shown in Figure 5. The figure shows the process of attaching the support pillars that fix the rockfall protection net to the concrete.

[0150] 5(a) is formed by concrete lining work on a slope 62, and covers the slope 62 with a substantially uniform thickness. Therefore, a surface 61a of the lining concrete 61 is inclined. An operator sets a core boring machine 71 on the surface 61a, and rotates a core drill 71a attached to the tip of the machine to drill twenty to thirty cylindrical holes 61b.

[0151] The depth (length) and diameter of the drilled hole 61b are determined according to the thickness of the concrete 61 and the length and diameter of the anchor element to be fixed. In particular, the depth of the drilled hole 61b is preferably at least 5 to 10 times the diameter of the anchor element. For example, when the anchor element is a D25 reinforcing bar (name of deformed steel bar specified in JIS G3112 (2010): nominal diameter 25.4 mm), the drilled hole 61b may have a depth of 125 to 250 mm, specifically 175 to 200 mm, more specifically 175 to 180 mm, and a diameter of 27 to 38 mm, specifically 30 to 35 mm, and more specifically 30 to 33 mm.

[0152] As shown in FIG. 5(b), the operator inserts the injection tube 24 into the drilled hole 61b until the tip of the injection tube 24 contacts the bottom surface 61b1 of the drilled hole 61b. Next, as shown in FIG. 5(c), the operator applies pressure to both sides of the bag body 11 in opposing directions so that the inner surfaces of the bag body 11 contact each other by gripping the bag body 11 with, for example, the left hand 32. As a result, the hardening paste C2 in the bag body 11 is discharged from the injection tube 24 and flows into the drilled hole 61b. At this time, it is preferable to discharge the hardening paste C2 while stroking with the hands 31 and 32 from the lower end side portion 11a3 toward the injection tube 24. Alternatively, the bag body 11 may be gradually rolled up with the hands 31 and 32 from the lower end side portion 11a3 toward the port 12, thereby applying pressure to the hardening paste C2 in the bag body 11 to discharge it from the injection connector 23 and the injection tube 24.

[0153] As shown in FIG. 5(c), the worker gradually moves the pack 10 in the direction X away from the opening of the drilled hole 61b while injecting the hardening paste C2 into the drilled hole 61b. At this time, the worker continues to inject the hardening paste C2 while contacting the tip of the injection tube 24 with the liquid surface of the hardening paste C2. As a result, the injection tube 24 moves in a direction to be removed from the drilled hole 61b as the injection amount of the hardening paste C2 increases in the drilled hole 61b. The worker can also sense the pressure of the hardening paste C2 that occurs when the liquid surface of the hardening paste C2 moves toward the opening of the drilled hole 61b. This allows the worker to recognize the smooth injection of the hardening paste C2.

[0154] When the worker continues this operation, as shown in FIG. 5(d), the injection amount indication mark 25 appears and disappears at the opening of the drilled hole 61b. When the worker visually confirms that the injection amount indication mark 25 appears and disappears at the opening of the drilled hole 61b, the worker handles and extrudes the hardening paste C2 from the inside of the bag body 11 and the inside from the bag body 11 to the injection amount indication mark 15 of the injection tube 24 up to the injection amount indication mark 15, and ends the injection operation of the hardening paste C2 into one drilled hole 61b. In this way, the worker can finish the injection of the hardening paste C2 by simply performing the simple and easy operation of watching the opening of the drilled hole 61b while moving the pack 10 in the injection process of the hardening paste C2, leaving only the volume of the part of the anchor element inserted into the drilled hole 61b in the drilled hole 61b. As a result, it is possible to prevent the hardening paste C2 from overflowing in a large amount from the opening of the drilled hole 61b when the anchor element is inserted into the drilled hole 61b, which is uneconomical.

[0155] Fig. 5(e) shows the process of driving in the anchor element. The anchor bolt 81, which is the anchor element, is a long, approximately cylindrical shape, with a base end (see Fig. 5(f)) that forms a surface that is approximately perpendicular to its central axis, and a tip end that is inclined with respect to the surface of the base end and has an elliptical surface. As a result, the tip of the anchor bolt 81 is sharply pointed, making it easy to insert into the drilled hole 61b filled with the hardening paste C2. A number of ribs 81a protrude from the tip to the middle of the anchor bolt 81. A male thread 81b is provided on the surface of the base end of the anchor bolt 81. A nut 83 that fixes the support of the rockfall protection net is screwed onto this male thread 81b (see Fig. 5(f)). The overall length of the anchor bolt 81 satisfies the anchor bolt fixing length specified in the standard, and is longer than the drilling length (depth) of the drilled hole 61b so that the male thread 81b protrudes from the opening of the drilled hole 61b when the anchor bolt 81 is driven into the drilled hole 61b. The tip of the anchor bolt 81 does not need to be sharp, and even if it is a so-called cut-to-length product with a substantially circular end face, it can be inserted sufficiently without any problem.

[0156] The dimensions of the anchor bolt 81 are not particularly limited, but for example, deformed steel bars having names D4 to D51 as specified in JIS G3112 (2010) can be used. The anchor bolt 81 may also be a fully threaded bolt having a nominal diameter of M6 to M100.

[0157] The worker holds the base end of the anchor bolt 81 with the right hand 31 (or the left hand 32, or both hands) and inserts it into the hardenable paste C2 in the drilled hole 61b while rotating the anchor bolt 81 around the central axis so as not to mix air into the hardenable paste C2. The hardenable paste C2 has a suitable fluidity, and the sharp tip of the anchor bolt 81 allows the worker to drive the anchor bolt 81 into the drilled hole 61b filled with the hardenable paste C2 without much force. The worker performs this process within the pot life, which is the time from the completion of preparation of the hardenable paste C2 to the start of hardening of the hardenable paste C2. If the pot life is exceeded, the fluidity of the hardenable paste C2 that has reached the start of hardening is gradually lost, and the driving resistance of the anchor bolt 81 increases, making it difficult to drive the anchor bolt 81 manually with the right hand 31 (and / or the left hand 32).

[0158] The worker supports the anchor bolt 81 with hands 31, 32 so that it is at a specified angle in the drilled hole 61b. As the hardenable paste C2 reaches the end of setting and starts to harden, the anchor bolt 81 becomes fixed in the drilled hole 61b while maintaining the specified angle without the worker's support. If necessary, the worker removes the hardenable paste C2 that has slightly overflowed from the drilled hole 61b. The worker then moves to another drilled hole 61b and repeats the steps of Figures 5(b) to (e).

[0159] Since a sufficient amount of hardenable paste C2 prepared from 100 to 3000 g of hydraulic composition C1 is contained in the pack 10, the worker does not need to prepare new hardenable paste C2 using a separate pack 10. Therefore, in a medium-scale construction work in which anchor elements are fixed in several tens of drilled holes 61b, this hardenable paste application method can perform the injection of hardenable paste C2 and the insertion of anchor elements as a continuous flow work without interruption, thereby reducing the burden on the worker and contributing to shortening the work time.

[0160] 5(f) shows the lining concrete 61 after the steps shown in Fig. 5(a) to (e). The hardened body C3 produced by the hardening paste C2 hardens covers the opening of the drilled hole 61b, and is densely packed between the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 61b and the anchor bolt 81. The anchor bolt 81 is fixed to the lining concrete 61, and a nut 83 is screwed onto the male thread 81b at its base end to fix the support 82. The anchor effect of the rib 81a improves the pull-out strength of the anchor bolt 81 from the hardened body C3. EXAMPLES

[0161] An example of a hydraulic composition hardening set to which the present invention is applied and a method for fixing an anchor element by a hardening paste application method using the hydraulic composition hardening set will be described in detail below.

[0162] Example 1 (Preparation Example 1-1: Preparation of hydraulic composition) The raw materials, 30 parts by mass of high-early-strength Portland cement (Ube Mitsubishi Cement Corporation, high-early-strength Portland cement), 50 parts by mass of alumina cement (Denka Co., Ltd., Denka Alumina Cement No. 1 molten product), 28 parts by mass of anhydrous gypsum (Noritake Co., Ltd., anhydrous gypsum D-101A) as a quick-setting agent, 0.2 parts by mass of STARVIS 308F (BASF Japan Co., Ltd., product name) as a viscosity adjuster, 1.8 parts by mass of potassium sodium tartrate KNA TARTRATE P (BASF Japan Co., Ltd., product name) as a first setting adjuster, and 25 parts by mass of silica sand No. 7 (Nippo Mining Co., Ltd., N70) as a fine aggregate were weighed out and put into a mixer and stirred to prepare a hydraulic composition of the preparation example. (Example 1-2: Preparation of capsules containing a fixing agent) The obtained hydraulic composition was mixed with 450 g of the composition, and the basis weight was 40 g / m 2 The resulting mixture was enclosed in a water-permeable cylindrical container made of a nonwoven sheet of Heatlon paper to obtain a fixing agent-containing capsule having a length of 300 mm and a diameter of 34 mm as a hydraulic composition inclusion in the hydraulic composition hardening set. (Preparation Example 1-3: Preparation of aqueous solution of setting regulator) As a second setting regulator, 240 g of potassium sodium tartrate KNA TARTRATE P (a product name manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) was dissolved in 8 L of water to prepare a 3 w / v% aqueous solution of potassium sodium tartrate, which was obtained as an aqueous solution of the setting regulator in the hydraulic composition hardening set.

[0163] Comparative Example 1 (Comparative Preparation Example 1-1: Preparation of hydraulic composition) As the hydraulic composition of Preparation Example 1 in Example 1, a hydraulic composition was prepared in the same manner as Preparation Example 1-1. (Comparative Preparation Example 1-2: Preparation of Capsules Containing Fixative) A hydraulic composition inclusion was obtained in the same manner as in Example Preparation Example 2, except that the hydraulic composition of Comparative Preparation Example 1-1 was used. (Comparative Preparation Example 1-3: Preparation of water) Instead of preparing the aqueous solution of setting regulator in Preparation Example 1-3, tap water containing no additives was used.

[0164] (Example Test 1-1 and Comparative Example Test 1-1: Measurement test of start of use time due to condensation) In Example Test 1-1 using the hydraulic composition hardening set obtained in Example 1, the fixing agent-containing capsule obtained in Example Preparation Example 1-2 was immersed in a 3 w / v% potassium sodium tartrate aqueous solution obtained in Example Preparation Example 1-3 and adjusted to 40°C for 5 minutes in a 40°C atmosphere, and then the mortar was removed, stirred in a cartridge, and then set in a dedicated discharge gun, and the usable start time was measured. On the other hand, as Comparative Example Test 1-1 using the hydraulic composition enclosure obtained in Comparative Example 1, the usable start time was measured in the same manner as in Example Test 1-1, except that the fixing agent-containing capsule obtained in Comparative Preparation Example 1-2 was immersed in the water obtained in Comparative Preparation Example 1-3. The results are summarized in Table 1.

[0165] (Example Test 1-2 and Comparative Example Test 1-2: Compression Test) In Example Test 1-2, the fixing agent-containing capsule obtained in Preparation Example 1-2 in Example 1 was immersed in the setting regulator aqueous solution obtained in Preparation Example 1-3 for 5 minutes, and then the water-permeable cylindrical container of the fixing agent-containing capsule was broken, and the aggregated fixing agent was taken out and placed in a cylinder cartridge having a cylindrical tip with a cap attached to the tip and an opening at the base end. Using a mixer in which the base end of a stirring rod (manufactured by Fujiwara Sangyo Co., Ltd., product name: Paint Mixer SPM-4) having an agitating blade at the tip of a rotating rod is connected to an electric impact driver, which is a rotating tool, the agitating blade was inserted into the cylinder cartridge from the opening and stirred for 1 minute, dispersing the aggregated fixing agent in the cylinder cartridge to prepare the hardenable paste of the example. The hardenable paste of Example 1 was poured into a mold, and the hardened body of Example 1 was produced in accordance with JIS A1108 (2006). A compressive strength test was performed on this hardened body in accordance with the same standard, and the compressive strength (N / mm 2 ) was measured. All curing conditions were 20°C and relative humidity 85%. The results are shown in Table 1. On the other hand, as Comparative Example Test 1-2, the compressive strength was measured in the same manner as in Example Test 1-2, except that the fixing agent-containing capsules obtained in Comparative Preparation Example 1-2 were immersed in the water obtained in Comparative Preparation Example 1-3.

[0166] (Reference Example 1) and (Reference Example Test 1-1: Measurement test of start of use time due to condensation) and (Reference Example Test 1-2: Compression test) For comparison, the hydraulic composition inclusion was immersed in an aqueous solution of the same type of second set regulator dissolved therein using the hydraulic composition hardening set of Example 1, and the amount of the second set regulator absorbed in the hydraulic composition inclusion was calculated from the weight increase. Instead of the amount of the first set regulator in Example 1, the hydraulic composition contained a powder of the second set regulator calculated to be absorbed together with the amount of the first set regulator, and water was used instead of the aqueous solution of the set regulator. Reference Example 1 was prepared in the same manner as Example 1. Tests were also conducted in the same manner as in Example Tests 1-1 and 1-2. The results are summarized in Table 1.

[0167] [Table 1]

[0168] In general, the more the amount of the setting regulator in the hydraulic composition is increased, the longer the usable time and setting time are when water is added, but the compressive strength is reduced. However, as is clear from Table 1 and from the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, when the fixing agent-containing capsule, which is an inclusion of the hydraulic composition containing the first setting regulator, is immersed in the setting regulator aqueous solution in which the second setting regulator is dissolved, as in Example 1, and the setting regulator aqueous solution is allowed to penetrate into the fixing agent-containing capsule, not only is the usable time delayed by more than twice, but the compressive strength is hardly lowered and is not affected. Also, as is clear from the comparison between Example 1 and Reference Example 1, although the usable time is slightly shorter in Example 1, the compressive strength tends to be higher.

[0169] (Example 2 and Comparative Example) and (Example Test 2 and Comparative Example Test 2: Adhesion Strength Test) Example Test 2 was prepared using the hydraulic composition hardening set of Example 1, and Comparative Example Test 2, also called Initial, was prepared in accordance with Example Tests 1-1 and 1-2, using the hydraulic composition inclusion of the hydraulic composition hardening set of Example 1, but using water instead of the aqueous solution of setting regulator in which the second setting regulator was dissolved. The tests shall be carried out as follows, under the test conditions shown in Table 2. (1) Concrete (1000mm length x 1000mm width x 300mm height) was used, and holes were drilled with the hole diameter and length shown in Table 2. (2) The hardening paste prepared in Example 1 and used in Example Tests 1-1 to 1-2 (a setting regulator aqueous solution containing 3 w / v% second setting regulator, prepared by immersing a capsule containing a fixing agent in the setting regulator aqueous solution for 5 minutes) was applied to the drilled hole using the fixing agent-containing capsule, and then an anchor bar (nominal diameter M16, high temperature alloy steel bolt material: SNB7) was manually inserted and installed. (3) It was left to cure at room temperature for 7 days. (4) After curing, the specimen was restrained using a reaction plate and an adhesion test was performed using a pull-out test device.

[0170] [Table 2]

[0171] As a preliminary calculation, the bond stress level according to the JCAA certification standard is as follows: Τa(JCAA)=10√(σB / 21)=10√(30.6 / 21)=12.1N / mm 2

[0172] The results of the adhesion strength test are summarized in Table 3 and FIG.

[0173] [Table 3]

[0174] As is clear from Table 3, when applied as in Example 2, the adhesive strength was reduced by about 10% compared to the case where the setting regulator was used only in the hydraulic composition as in Comparative Example 2, but it still exceeded the JCAA certification standard of 12.1 N / mm 2 From the above, it was confirmed that the anchor had sufficient strength. [Industrial Applicability]

[0175] The hydraulic composition hardening set of the present invention and the hardening paste application method using the same are used to fix anchor elements such as anchor bolts and reinforcing bars when increasing the shear resistance of existing concrete artificial structures or attaching workpieces to them. [Explanation of symbols]

[0176] 1 is a hardenable paste application kit, 10 is a pack, 11 is a bag body, 11a is a welding zone, 11a1 is an upper end edge portion, 11a2 is a side edge portion, 11a3 is a lower end edge portion, 12 is a port, 12a is a cylindrical portion, 12b is a base portion, 13 is a cap, 21 is a bottle, 21a is a cylindrical mouth, 22 is an injection nozzle, 22a is an attachment portion, 22b is a cone portion, 22c is a rib, 23 is an injection connector, and 24 is an injection port. Entry tube, 25 is an injection amount indication mark, 26 is a fastener, 31, 32 are hands, 61 is concrete, 61a is a surface, 61b is a drilled hole, 61b1 is a bottom surface, 62 is a slope, 71 is a core boring machine, 71a is a core drill, 81 is an anchor bolt, 81a is a rib, 81b is a male thread, 82 is a support, 83 is a nut, 100 is a capsule containing an anchoring agent, 110 is a water-permeable cylindrical container, 200 is a tray, 300 is a cylinder cartridge, 310 is a cylinder tip, 310a is a cap, 310b is a nozzle, 310c is an injection tube, 310d is a fastener, 310e is an injection amount indication mark, 320 is a cylinder, 330 is an opening, 340 is a lid, 400 is a mixer, 410 is a rotating tool, 420 is a rotating rod, 430 is a mixing blade, 430a is an opening, 43 0b is a plate portion, 430c is a tongue portion, 430d is a protrusion, 500 is an injection gun, 510 is a tip support portion, 520 is a main body support portion, 530 is a piston, 540 is an operation portion, 540a is a trigger, 540b is a grip portion, 550 is a base end portion, 560 is a delivery rod, Ca is an aggregate, C1 is a hydraulic composition, C2 is a hardening paste, C3 is a hardened body, S is a gap, and W is water.

Claims

1. a hydraulic composition encapsulation body in which a hydraulic composition including a hydraulic component containing Portland cement, alumina cement, and an accelerator, a viscosity modifier, a first setting modifier, and a fine aggregate having a particle size classification of 4 to 8 in accordance with JIS G5901 (2016) is encapsulated in an encapsulating material; a second setting regulator which is to be dissolved in water to form a setting regulator aqueous solution, and which causes the hydraulic composition in the hydraulic composition encapsulation body to set with the water component in the setting regulator aqueous solution while controlling the setting rate or the hardening rate with the setting regulator component in the setting regulator aqueous solution; A hydraulic composition hardening set comprising:

2. The hydraulic composition hardening set according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second setting regulators are the same or different and are working time / setting time regulators containing at least one selected from the group consisting of citric acid, gluconic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, salicylic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid or a salt thereof; lignin sulfonic acid or a salt thereof; a sugar alcohol selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, pentitol, and hexitol; a carbonate; and silica.

3. The hydraulic composition hardening set according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic composition contains the portland cement, the alumina cement, the quick-setting admixture, the viscosity modifier, the first setting modifier, and the fine aggregate in a mass ratio of 20-60:30-70:10-40:0.1-1.0:1-10:10-40.

4. The hydraulic composition hardening set according to claim 1, characterized in that the second setting regulator is present in an amount of 1 to 10 mass % relative to the water.

5. 2. The hydraulic composition hardening set according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity modifier is a thickener containing at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose derivatives selected from methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose; natural polysaccharide derivatives containing at least one of the cellulose derivatives; acrylamide; starch ether; and polymer electrolytes.

6. 2. The hydraulic composition hardening set according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic composition does not contain a delayed type plasticizer.

7. The encapsulating material is a water-permeable cylindrical container containing paper and / or nonwoven fabric that allows water to permeate from the setting regulator aqueous solution in which the hydraulic composition encapsulation body is immersed, so that the hydraulic composition encapsulation body is a capsule containing a fixing agent, or The hydraulic composition hardening set described in claim 1, characterized in that the encapsulating material is a non-permeable plastic bag container into which the setting regulator aqueous solution is injected, thereby making the hydraulic composition encapsulation body a pack containing a fixing agent.

8. The hydraulic composition hardening set according to claim 1, characterized in that it is used for fixing anchor elements, repairing cracks, fixing or filling joints of bricks, blocks or tiles, stopping water leakage, improving ground, filling cavities, applying decorative mortar to surfaces, plastering walls, or for making or decorating structures.

9. A method for applying a hardening paste using the hydraulic composition hardening set according to claim 1, dissolving the second setting modifier in water to prepare an aqueous setting modifier solution; a step of contacting the hydraulic composition with the setting adjuster aqueous solution, thereby making the hydraulic composition absorb the setting adjuster aqueous solution by making the setting composition and the setting adjuster aqueous solution mixed into a setting paste, and aggregating the hydraulic composition; a step of removing the hardenable paste from the water-permeable cylindrical container and placing it in a cylinder cartridge having a tip at a front end and an opening at a base end, and then inserting a lid body that moves within the cylinder cartridge toward the tip in response to pressure from the opening; A step of pressing the lid body to push the hardenable paste out of the cylindrical tip and discharging the hardenable paste to a processing location; and hardening the hardenable paste. A method for applying a hardenable paste comprising the steps of:

10. The step of discharging the mixture at the construction site includes a step of injecting the mixture into a hole drilled in a concrete structure, The step of hardening the hardenable paste includes a step of inserting an anchor element into the drilled hole while piercing the hardenable paste, 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of fixing an anchor element.

11. A method for applying a hardenable paste as described in claim 9, characterized in that a nozzle having an injection tube with an injection amount indication mark attached to the tip is attached to the cylindrical tip, the injection tube is inserted into the drilled hole to inject the hydraulic composition while the cylinder cartridge is moved in a direction to remove the injection tube from the drilled hole, and the injection of the hydraulic composition is terminated when the injection amount indication mark appears and disappears from the drilled hole.

12. The method for applying a hardenable paste according to claim 9, characterized in that the aggregated hydraulic composition is stirred and agitated in the cylinder cartridge to disperse the hydraulic composition and prepare the hardenable paste.

13. The method for applying a hardening paste according to claim 9, characterized in that the aqueous solution of the setting regulator and the hydraulic composition encapsulation body are contacted for 3 to 10 minutes.

14. 10. The method for applying a hardenable paste according to claim 9, further comprising a step of cleaning an inner wall surface of the cylinder cartridge after the step of discharging the hardenable paste onto the application location.

15. A method for applying a hardening paste using the hydraulic composition hardening set according to claim 1, dissolving the second setting modifier in water to prepare an aqueous setting modifier solution; A process of pouring a setting regulator aqueous solution into a fixing agent-containing pack, which is the hydraulic composition-containing body, from the port, the fixing agent-containing pack having a water-impermeable bag container in which the hydraulic composition is sealed and a port that connects the outside world and the interior space of the bag container at the upper end edge of the bag container; a step of attaching a cap to the port so as not to leak the hydraulic composition and the aqueous solution of the setting adjuster, and applying an external force to the fixing agent-containing pack to mix the hydraulic composition and the aqueous solution of the setting adjuster to prepare a hardenable paste; removing the cap, and then squashing the bag container to push out the hardenable paste from the port and discharge the hardenable paste from the port to a treatment location; and hardening the hardenable paste. A method for applying a hardenable paste comprising the steps of:

16. The step of discharging the mixture at the construction site includes a step of injecting the mixture into a hole drilled in a concrete structure, The step of hardening the hardenable paste includes a step of inserting an anchor element into the drilled hole while piercing the hardenable paste, 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of fixing an anchor element.

17. The method for applying a hardenable paste according to claim 15, characterized in that the external force is a pressing force of a tool and / or human force.

18. The method for applying a hardenable paste according to claim 15, characterized in that an injection connector having an injection tube with an injection amount indication mark attached to its tip is attached to the port, the injection tube is inserted into the drilled hole to inject the hardenable paste while the fixing agent-containing pack is moved in a direction in which the injection tube is removed from the drilled hole, and the injection of the hardenable paste is completed when the injection amount indication mark appears and disappears from the drilled hole.

19. The method for applying a hardenable paste according to claim 18, characterized in that the hardenable paste is ejected up to the tip of the injection tube, the injection tube is inserted into the drilled hole and the hardenable paste is injected while the fixing agent-containing pack is moved in a direction to remove the injection tube from the drilled hole, and the injection tube itself is pulled up while being squeezed, and the injection of the hardenable paste is completed when the injection amount indication mark appears and disappears from the drilled hole.

20. The method for applying a hardenable paste according to claim 18, characterized in that the hardenable paste is injected into the drilled hole from the inside of the fixing agent-containing pack and the inside of the injection tube from the fixing agent-containing pack to the injection amount indication mark.

21. The method for applying a hardenable paste according to claim 15, characterized in that a pour nozzle of a bottle containing a necessary amount of the aqueous solution of the setting adjuster for hardening the hydraulic composition is inserted into the port, and then the aqueous solution of the setting adjuster is poured into the pack.

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