Workpiece processing method and workpiece processing device

Abstract

To minimize the generation of burr.SOLUTION: Provided is a method of lathe turning processing on an end surface of a workpiece 10 by repeating a path of moving a tool 4 linearly in a predetermined direction on a surface orthogonal to an axial line of a main shaft 2 while rotating the workpiece 10 gripped by the main shaft 2. In the method, directions C1, C2 of moving the tool 4 linearly are inverted for each path, or both the directions C1, C2 of moving the tool 4 linearly and a rotation direction of the main shaft 2 are inverted for each path, to perform lathe turning processing on the end surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a machining method for turning a workpiece by moving a tool while rotating the workpiece, and a machining apparatus for carrying out the machining method. [Background technology]

[0002] FIG. 1A shows an outline of a multi-task machine, which is an example of a machining device. The multi-task machine 1 includes a spindle 2 and a tool spindle (not shown). The spindle 2 grips a shaft-shaped or hollow workpiece with a chuck 3. In this figure, a hollow workpiece 10 is shown. A tool 4 can be attached to the tool spindle, and the tool spindle can be rotated or fixed at any angle. The rotation control of the spindle 2, the control of the rotation or angle fixing of the tool spindle, and the movement of the tool spindle are performed by a machining program stored in an NC device 20. The NC device 20 is configured to include a CPU and a memory connected to the CPU, and the machining program is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including the CPU and the memory connected to the CPU. When turning an end face of a workpiece 10 using this multi-tasking machine 1, the workpiece 10 held by the chuck 3 is rotated together with the spindle 2 while the tool 4 attached to the tool spindle is moved linearly in the radial direction of the workpiece 10 on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 2, as shown by the arrow C1, to make an incision. By repeating this path multiple times, the end face of the workpiece 10 is turned. Patent Document 1 is known as another prior art relating to turning of a workpiece end face. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-63846 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When turning the end face of the workpiece 10, burrs are generated on the exit side of the tool 4. If turning is repeated in the same direction C1, the burrs become larger, and deburring is required, which increases the number of steps. This can be addressed to some extent by changing the rotation speed of the spindle 2 and the feed speed of the tool 4, but depending on the material, it may not be possible to deal with the problem by simply changing the processing conditions.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a workpiece processing method and processing apparatus capable of minimizing the occurrence of burrs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, a first configuration of the present disclosure is a method for turning an end surface of a workpiece by repeating a pass of linearly moving a tool in a predetermined direction on a plane perpendicular to an axis of a spindle while rotating the workpiece held by the spindle, The end face is turned by reversing the direction in which the tool is moved linearly for each pass, or by reversing both the direction in which the tool is moved linearly and the rotation direction of the spindle for each pass. Another aspect of the first configuration is characterized in that, in the above configuration, the direction in which the tool is linearly moved is reversed by rotating the tool by 180 degrees. Another aspect of the first configuration is the above configuration, wherein the tool has a center of rotation that coincides with the position of the cutting edge of the tool. In order to achieve the above object, a second configuration of the present disclosure is a workpiece machining apparatus including a spindle capable of gripping and rotating a workpiece, and a control means for turning an end surface of the workpiece by repeating a path of linearly moving a tool in a predetermined direction on a plane perpendicular to an axis of the spindle while rotating the workpiece together with the spindle, The control means is characterized in that it turns the end face by reversing the direction in which the tool is linearly moved for each pass, or by reversing both the direction in which the tool is linearly moved and the rotation direction of the spindle for each pass. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present disclosure, the direction of linear movement of the tool is reversed for each pass, or both the direction of linear movement of the tool and the rotation direction of the spindle are reversed for each pass to turn the end face, so the tool release direction is not the same but changes for each pass. Therefore, even if a burr occurs, it can be turned without growing. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1A is an explanatory diagram of turning a workpiece; FIG. 1B shows conventional turning, FIG. 1B shows turning when the cutting direction is switched, and FIG. 1C shows turning when both the cutting direction and the spindle rotation direction are switched. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2A is an explanatory diagram of turning of a workpiece having a hole on its end surface. FIG. 2B shows conventional turning, FIG. 2C shows turning when the cutting direction is switched, and FIG. 2C shows turning when both the cutting direction and the spindle rotation direction are switched. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the position of the cutting edge when the tool is inverted. FIG. 3A shows a case where the center of the tool spindle and the position of the cutting edge are misaligned, while FIG. 3B shows a case where the center of the tool spindle and the position of the cutting edge are aligned. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. An example of a processing method according to the first configuration of the present disclosure is shown in Fig. 1B. The configuration of a multi-tasking machine 1 according to the second configuration is the same as that shown in Fig. 1A. When turning the end face of the workpiece 10, the tool 4 is moved linearly in the radial direction of the workpiece 10 while rotating the workpiece 10 together with the spindle 2, and a cutting pass is repeated. However, here, based on the machining program stored in the NC device 20, the machining direction is reversed and switched for each pass in which the tool 4 is moved linearly in the radial direction. That is, in the first pass, a cut is made in the downward direction C1 in FIG. 1B, and then in the next pass, a cut is made in the upward direction C2. This reversal of the machining direction is repeated to perform the turning. The NC device 20 is an example of a control means of the present disclosure. In this way, if the directions C1, C2 in which the tool 4 is moved linearly are reversed for each pass to perform lathe cutting on the end face of the workpiece 10, the withdrawal direction of the tool 4 will not be the same but will switch for each pass. Therefore, even if a burr occurs, it can be turned without allowing it to grow.

[0010] FIG. 1C shows another example of the machining method. Here, based on the machining program stored in the NC device 20, in addition to switching the machining direction, the rotation direction of the spindle 2 is also switched for each pass. In the case of a tool with a cutting direction, machining cannot be performed by simply moving it back and forth, but in the case of a machining device with a tool spindle such as a multi-tasking machine, turning can be performed with the same tool 4 by reversing the tool spindle and rotating the spindle 2 in the opposite direction. That is, after cutting in the downward direction C1 in the first pass, the tool 4 is reversed 180° and the spindle 2 is rotated in the opposite direction in the next pass, and in this state, cutting is performed in the upward direction C2 indicated by the dotted line. This reversal of the machining direction and the spindle rotation direction is repeated to perform cutting. In this way, even if the end face of the workpiece 10 is turned by reversing both the directions C1, C2 in which the tool 4 is moved linearly and the rotation direction of the spindle 2 for each pass, the withdrawal direction of the tool 4 will not be the same but will switch for each pass. Therefore, even if a burr occurs, it can be turned without allowing it to grow.

[0011] When the cutting direction is switched, or when both the cutting direction and the spindle rotation direction are switched, the tool exit direction is switched for each pass even if there are holes or grooves on the end face of the workpiece. This makes it possible to suppress burrs that occur in the holes and grooves. FIG. 2A shows a conventional turning process in which a hollow workpiece 10 having a hole 11 on an end face is turned in the forward direction and cuts are repeatedly made only in the direction of the arrow C1. In this case, the left half 11a of the hole 11 is the insertion portion of the tool 4, and the right half 11b of the hole 11 is the removal portion of the tool 4, so that burrs are likely to occur in the right half 11b. In the case of FIG. 2B where a hole 11 is provided in the end face of the workpiece, the entry point and exit point of the tool 4 in the hole 11 are the same, and the growth of burrs cannot be suppressed.

[0012] FIG. 2C, like FIG. 1C, shows a case in which a pass in which cutting is made in the direction of arrow C1 in a forward rotation direction and a pass in which cutting is made in the direction of arrow C2 in a reverse rotation direction are alternately repeated. In this case, in addition to the exit direction of the tool 4 switching between the left half 11a and the right half 11b of the hole 11, the entry and exit points of the tool 4 also alternate for each pass. Therefore, even if a burr occurs, it can be turned without allowing it to grow.

[0013] On the other hand, when the tool is rotated 180° to switch the machining direction, as shown in Fig. 3A, turning can be performed with a normal outer diameter holder 6, but because the position of the cutting edge 4a is misaligned with the rotation center O, the position of the cutting edge 4a changes by 180° when the tool 4 is rotated. Therefore, when the tool spindle 5 is rotated, the position of the cutting edge 4a needs to be corrected, and in some cases, control is required to retract the tool spindle 5 to a position where it does not interfere. 3B, by using a holder 7 in which the position of the cutting edge 4a coincides with the rotation center O of the tool spindle 5, turning can be performed without changing the position of the cutting edge 4a even if the tool 4 is turned over. This eliminates unnecessary control such as correcting or retracting the cutting edge position.

[0014] Modifications of the present disclosure will be described below. In the above embodiment, a case where a hollow workpiece is turned is exemplified, but the workpiece does not have to be hollow. A plurality of holes may be formed in the workpiece. A groove may be formed instead of a hole. The processing device is not limited to a multi-tasking machine, and the present disclosure can also be applied to, for example, an NC lathe. [Explanation of symbols]

[0015] 1 Multi-tasking machine, 2 Spindle, 3 Chuck, 4 Tool, 4a Cutting edge, 5 Tool spindle, 6 External diameter holder, 7 Holder, 10 Workpiece, 11 Hole, 20 NC device.

Claims

1. A method for turning an end surface of a workpiece by repeating a pass of linearly moving a tool in a predetermined direction on a plane perpendicular to an axis of a spindle while rotating the workpiece held by a spindle, comprising: A method for machining a workpiece, characterized in that the end surface is turned by reversing the direction in which the tool is linearly moved for each pass, or by reversing both the direction in which the tool is linearly moved and the rotation direction of the spindle for each pass.

2. 2. The method for machining a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the direction in which the tool is linearly moved is reversed by rotating the tool by 180 degrees.

3. 3. The method for machining a workpiece according to claim 2, wherein the tool has a center of rotation coincident with a position of a cutting edge of the tool.

4. A workpiece machining device including a spindle capable of gripping and rotating a workpiece, and a control means for turning an end surface of the workpiece by repeating a path of linearly moving a tool in a predetermined direction on a plane perpendicular to an axis of the spindle while rotating the workpiece together with the spindle, The control means reverses the direction in which the tool is moved linearly for each pass, or reverses both the direction in which the tool is moved linearly and the rotation direction of the spindle for each pass, thereby machining the end surface.

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