Filler injection system for rock bolt work

Abstract

To provide a filler injection system for rock bolt work capable of making an operator precisely determine an injection degree of filler during injection work in a filler injection process for rock bolt work.SOLUTION: A filler injection system 9 injects a filler 6 into a rock bolt hole 5 when a rock bolt 3 is inserted in the rock bolt hole 5 formed in ground 2 of a mountain tunnel 1. The filler injection system 9 includes: an injection pump 10 discharging the filler 6; an injection pipe 30 extending from the injection pump 10; a flow meter 31 measuring an injection flow rate of the filler 6; setting means 43 setting a threshold value S6 of an integrated injected amount of the filler 6; a calculation section 41 calculating an injection degree R for the threshold value S6 from a measured value by the flow meter 31; and notification means 50 outputting visual information corresponding to the calculated injection degree R.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to rock bolting work in which rock bolts are inserted into rock bolt holes formed in the natural ground of a mountain tunnel, and in particular to a filler injection system that injects filler into the rock bolt holes before or after the rock bolts are inserted. [Background technology]

[0002] In general, in the construction of mountain tunnels, rock bolting work is carried out to insert rock bolts into the ground from the tunnel excavation face in order to stabilize the excavated ground. Rock bolting work includes a process of injecting a filler such as mortar into rock bolt holes formed in the ground (see Patent Document 1, etc.).

[0003] In the injection process, the tip of the injection pipe extending from the injection pump is inserted all the way into the back end of the rock bolt hole, and then the injection pump is used to pump mortar or other filler material. This causes the filler material to be discharged from the tip of the injection pipe and injected into the rock bolt hole. While injecting, the injection pipe is gradually pulled toward the operator. When the filler material overflows from the proximal opening of the rock bolt hole that opens onto the tunnel excavation surface, it is determined that the filler material has been filled into the rock bolt hole, and the injection pump is stopped. Then, a rock bolt is inserted into the rock bolt hole. After inserting a rock bolt into a rock bolt hole, a filler material may be filled into the gap between the inner periphery of the rock bolt hole and the rock bolt.

[0004] Patent Document 1 describes that a flow meter is provided on an injection pump to obtain the amount of filler filled, which can be used to determine whether there are any construction defects and the condition of the surrounding ground. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2023-021449 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the conventional injection process for rock bolting, the amount of filler in the rock bolt hole was not measured with a measuring device, but the worker adjusted the degree to which the injection pipe was pulled toward the hand side during injection based on their experience and intuition. This could result in the injection pipe being pulled too quickly, resulting in insufficient injection in some areas of the rock bolt hole, or over-injection. According to Patent Document 1, the system administrator can grasp the amount of filler filled, but there is no mention of notifying the worker during the filling operation of the degree of filling. In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a system that allows a worker to accurately grasp the degree of filler injection during the filler injection process in rock bolting work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the system according to the present invention is a filler injection system for injecting a filler into a rock bolt hole formed in a natural ground of a mountain tunnel in a rock bolt construction in which a rock bolt is inserted into the rock bolt hole, the filler injection system comprising: An injection pump that discharges the filler; an injection tube extending from the injection pump; A flow meter that measures the injection flow rate of the filler; A setting means for setting a threshold value for the integrated injection amount of the filler; A calculation unit that calculates an injection degree relative to the threshold value from a measurement value by the flow meter; a notification means for outputting visual information corresponding to the calculated injection degree; The present invention is characterized by comprising:

[0008] Preferably, the notification means is an indicator lamp having a plurality of stages of light-emitting elements, and the light-emitting elements which light up in accordance with the degree of injection are set. The number of light emitting parts that light up may be increased or decreased depending on the degree of injection. For each injection degree, one corresponding light-emitting portion may be turned on and the remaining light-emitting portions may be turned off. The notification means may include a monitor that indicates the degree of injection in the form of a graph or numerical values.

[0009] More preferably, the calculation unit and the notification means are wirelessly connected via a wireless communication unit. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, in the filler injection process in rock bolting work, the worker can accurately grasp the degree of filler injection during the injection work, which is useful for the injection operation. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of a filler injection system for rock bolting work according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the filler injection system. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a filler injection system for rock bolting work according to a second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First Embodiment 1 shows a mountain tunnel 1 under construction. In the mountain tunnel 1, rock bolts 3 are being driven into the natural ground 2 from a tunnel excavation face 1a to which shotcrete (not shown) has been sprayed.

[0013] In rock bolt construction, rock bolt holes 5 are drilled in the natural ground 2 by a drill jumbo 4. Mortar 6 (filler) is injected into the formed rock bolt holes 5 by a filler injection system 9, and then the rock bolts 3 are inserted.

[0014] As shown in Fig. 1, a transport vehicle 8 such as a 4-ton truck is driving into a mountain tunnel 1 under construction. The transport vehicle 8 is stationed near a drill jumbo 4. A filler injection system 9 is loaded on the loading platform of the transport vehicle 8. The filler injection system 9 includes an injection pump 10, an injection pipe 30, a central control panel 40, and indicator lights 50 and 60.

[0015] 2, the injection pump 10 is configured by a typical concrete pouring pump, and includes a pump section 11, a mixer 12, and an on / off switch 13. A hopper 14 (raw material input section) is provided on the upper part of the mixer 12.

[0016] A water supply passage 20 is connected to the mixer 12. The water supply passage 20 is provided with a water pressure gauge 21, a water temperature gauge 22, and a water flow meter 23. The water pressure gauge 21 and the water temperature gauge 22 may be omitted.

[0017] The pump section 11 extends from the mixer 12 in a cylindrical shape, and is provided with a screw 11a therein.

[0018] An on / off switch 13 is used to start and stop the operation of the injection pump 10 . By operating the injection pump 10, cement 6a (mortar raw material) charged into the hopper 14 and water 6w from the water supply line 20 are mixed in the mixer 12 to produce mortar 6. The mortar 6 is pushed out by the rotation of the screw 11a of the pump section 11.

[0019] 1, injection pipe 30 extends from discharge port 11p at the downstream end of pump section 11 to elevated work platform 4d of drill jumbo 4, and is then inserted into rock bolt hole 5 into which material is to be injected. Injection pump 10 and proximal opening 5a of rock bolt hole 5 are usually spaced apart by several meters to several tens of meters.

[0020] As shown in Fig. 2, a mortar flowmeter 31 (filler flowmeter) and an injection pressure meter 32 (filler pressure meter) are interposed between the discharge port 11p and the injection pipe 30 or in the middle of the injection pipe 30. The flowmeter 31 measures the flow rate of the mortar 6 pumped from the injection pump 10. Preferably, the flowmeter 31 is an electromagnetic flowmeter that detects an electromotive force (voltage) generated by electromagnetic induction caused by the flow of a fluid (conductor) and a magnetic field. More preferably, the flowmeter 31 is a digital flowmeter that outputs the detected voltage, i.e., the measured value of the mortar flow rate, as a digital signal.

[0021] The injection pressure gauge 32 measures the injection pressure of the mortar 6. Preferably, the injection pressure gauge 32 is a digital pressure gauge that outputs the measured pressure as a digital signal. The injection pressure gauge 32 may be omitted.

[0022] 2, the central control panel 40 is provided with a processing unit 41, a signal conversion unit 42, and a setting device 43. The processing unit 41 and the signal conversion unit 42 are housed in a dustproof and waterproof sealed box 44.

[0023] 2, the processing unit 41 is configured, for example, by a personal computer (hereinafter, referred to as "PC"), and includes a CPU 41a and a storage unit 41m. The processing unit 41 and the signal conversion unit 42 are connected by an Ethernet cable 45. The processing unit 41 is not limited to a PC, and may be configured by a programmable logic controller (hereinafter, referred to as "PLC"). The PLC may include the signal conversion unit 4.

[0024] The signal conversion unit 42 is configured, for example, by an Ethernet switch. The processing unit 12 and various input / output devices are connected via the signal conversion unit 42 so as to be capable of transmitting signals. The input devices connected to the signal conversion unit 42 and thus to the processing unit 12 include the on / off switch 13, the mortar flowmeter 31, the mortar pressure gauge 32, the water pressure gauge 21, the water temperature gauge 22, the water flowmeter 23, the setting device 43, and the like. The output devices connected to the signal conversion unit 42 and thus to the processing unit 12 include indicator lights (notification means) 50, 60, and the like.

[0025] The setting device 43 includes a setting input unit 43a that receives a setting input of a control target value, and an output unit 43b of the input control target value. The control target value is a threshold of an integrated injection amount of mortar 6 (filler material) into each rock bolt hole 5. The setting device 43 constitutes a setting means that sets the threshold of the integrated injection amount. Preferably, the setting device 43 is a digital setting device in which the setting input unit 43a receives the threshold as a numerical value (digital) and the output unit 43b outputs the threshold as a digital signal. The output unit 43b is connected to the signal conversion unit 42.

[0026] 1, the setting device 43 is disposed outside the sealed box 44. Therefore, when operating the setting device 43, there is no need to open and close the sealed box 44, and the processing unit 41 and the signal conversion unit 42 in the sealed box 44 can be prevented from being damaged by the intrusion of dust or water. Preferably, the configuration device 43 is dustproof and waterproof.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 2, the indicator light 50 is for indicating the degree of mortar injection into each lock bolt hole 5, and includes three (multiple) tiers of light-emitting elements 51, 52, 53 arranged vertically. The degree of injection is determined by the number of lit light-emitting elements 51-53. These light-emitting elements 51-53 emit light of different colors. For example, the light-emitting element 51 in the upper tier emits red light, the light-emitting element 52 in the middle tier emits yellow light, and the light-emitting element 53 in the lower tier emits blue or green light, but the present invention is not limited to this. Preferably, the indicator light 50 is a rotating indicator light in which the light-emitting elements 51-53 are rotated.

[0028] The indicator light 60 includes two (multiple) levels of light-emitting elements 61, 62, one above the other. The upper level light-emitting element 61 is for indicating whether or not the cumulative amount of mortar injected is being measured, and is turned on when measurement is being performed and is turned off when measurement is not being performed. The lower level light-emitting element 62 is for indicating whether or not the injection pump 1 is in operation, and is turned on when the injection pump 1 is in operation and is turned off when the injection pump 1 is stopped. These light-emitting elements 61, 62 have different light-emitting colors. For example, the upper level light-emitting element 61 emits blue light, and the lower level light-emitting element 62 emits white light, but the present invention is not limited to this. Preferably, the indicator light 60 is a rotating indicator light in which the light-emitting elements 61, 62 are rotated.

[0029] The indicator lights 50, 60 are arranged in places with good visibility of the mortar injection site in the tunnel 1. For example, the indicator lights 50, 60 are provided at the upper ends of pillars 59, 69 erected on the transport vehicle 8, respectively. In the present invention, it is sufficient to have the indicator lamp 50 for notifying the degree of injection, and the indicator lamps 60 for the measurement state and the operating state may be omitted.

[0030] In rock bolting work, the filler injection system 9 is operated as follows to fill the rock bolt holes 5 with mortar (filler). <Threshold setting process> A threshold value S6 of the cumulative injection amount of mortar 6 (filler) into the rock bolt hole 5 to be injected is set in advance by the setting device 43. The threshold value S6 is derived, for example, based on the volume of the rock bolt hole 6, i.e., the product of the diameter of the drilling bit and the drilling depth. The threshold value S6 may be equal to the volume of the rock bolt hole 6. The threshold value S6 may be set taking into account the cross-sectional area of ​​the rock bolt 3 to be inserted into the rock bolt hole 6. The set threshold value S6 is input as a numerical value into the setting input unit 43a of the setting device 43.

[0031] The input threshold value S6 is sent from the output section 43b of the setting device 43 to the processing section 41 via the signal conversion section 42. The processing section 41 stores the threshold value S6 in a threshold value storage area of ​​the storage section 41m. Preferably, the threshold setting step is performed each time the length or cross-sectional area of ​​the rock bolt hole 5 to be injected is changed.

[0032] <Injection tube insertion process> 1, worker B in charge of operating the injection pipe stands on, for example, an elevated work platform 4d of a drill jumbo 4 and inserts the injection pipe 30 from the proximal opening 5a of the rock bolt hole 5 into the target rock bolt hole 5. When the tip of the injection pipe 30 has been inserted all the way into the inner end of the rock bolt hole 5, a signal is given.

[0033] <Injection pump start-up process> In response to the signal, worker A in charge of operating the injection pump operates on / off switch 13 of injection pump 10 to start operation. At this time, the operation start signal is input to the processing unit 41 via the signal conversion unit 42. The processing unit 41 outputs an operation display command to the status indicator lamp 60 via the signal conversion unit 42, and turns on the operation status indicator light 62.

[0034] <Injection process> By operating the injection pump 10, mortar 6 is pumped from the injection pump 10 into the injection pipe 30, discharged from the tip of the injection pipe 30, and injected into the rock bolt hole 5. While injecting, worker B gradually pulls the injection pipe 30 towards the worker. As a result, mortar 6 is filled from the inner end of the rock bolt hole 5 towards the worker.

[0035] When operator A sets the pressure standard, even if injection pump 10 is in operation, if the pressure measured by injection pressure gauge 32 is less than a predetermined value, the following injection amount integration process is not performed and measurement status display light emitting section 61 may not be illuminated. Examples of times when the injection pressure falls below a predetermined value include a trial run process before actual injection and a pump cleaning process after injection work, in which the tip of injection tube 30 is released.

[0036] During the injection process, the worker B gradually pulls the injection tube 30 toward the operator, preferably keeping the tip of the injection tube 30 inserted into the injected mortar 6' in the lock bolt hole 5. This causes the internal pressure of the injection tube 30 (mortar injection pressure) to rise by a certain amount from the start of filling to a predetermined level (for example, about 0.3 MPa). The mortar injection pressure is measured by the injection pressure gauge 32 and input to the processing unit 41 via the signal processing unit 42. As a result, the processing unit 41 determines that the injection process of mortar 6 is being performed, and performs the following injection amount integration process, outputs a measurement-in-progress display signal to the status indicator lamp 60 via the signal conversion unit 42, and lights up the measurement status display light-emitting unit 61.

[0037] <Flow rate measurement process> During the injection process, the flow rate (L / min) of the mortar 6 is measured by the mortar flowmeter 31. The measured mortar flow rate is input to the processing unit 41 via the signal conversion unit 42. The processing unit 41 integrates the input mortar flow rate to calculate the current integrated injection amount Q6 (L) of the mortar 6 in the rock bolt hole 5 being injected.

[0038] <Injection degree calculation process> Furthermore, the processing unit 41 (calculation unit) reads out the threshold value S6 from the threshold value storage area of ​​the storage unit 41m, and calculates the ratio R between the current integrated injection amount Q6 and the threshold value S6 by the following formula. R=Q6 / S6 (formula 1) The ratio R indicates the degree of mortar injection in the rock bolt hole 5 during injection relative to the threshold value S6.

[0039] <Notification process> The processing unit 41 outputs an output signal according to the calculated ratio R, i.e., the injection degree of the mortar, to the indicator light 50 via the signal conversion unit 42. As a result, the light emitting units 51, 52, and 53 of the indicator light 50 are turned on and off.

[0040] For example, when the calculated injection degree is less than R=1 / 3, all of the light-emitting elements 51-53 of the indicator lamp 50 are turned off. When the injection degree is R=1 / 3 or more and less than R=2 / 3, the light-emitting element 51 is turned on and the remaining light-emitting elements 52, 53 are turned off. When the injection degree is R=2 / 3 or more and less than 1, the two light-emitting elements 51, 52 are turned on and the light-emitting element 53 is turned off. When the injection degree is R=1 or more, the three light-emitting elements 51, 52, 53 are turned on.

[0041] In other words, when the calculated injection degree reaches one-third, the first tier of light-emitting elements 51 are turned on, when the injection degree reaches two-thirds, the second tier of light-emitting elements 52 are turned on in addition to the light-emitting elements 51, and when the injection degree reaches 1 (100%), the third tier of light-emitting elements 53 are turned on in addition to the light-emitting elements 51 and 52. The indicator lamp 50 constitutes a notification means that outputs visual information by emitting light in accordance with the calculated degree of injection.

[0042] By observing the illumination status of the indicator lamp 50, worker B in charge of operating the injection pipe can accurately grasp in real time the degree of injection of mortar 6 into the rock bolt hole 5 during the injection work. Depending on the illumination status, he adjusts the pulling speed of the injection pipe 30 toward the worker. This allows worker B to pull the injection pipe 30 toward the worker at an appropriate speed without relying on intuition. In other words, it is possible to prevent the injection pipe 30 from being pulled too quickly, resulting in a portion of the rock bolt hole 30 that is insufficiently injected, and also to prevent the injection pipe 30 from being pulled too slowly, resulting in over-injection. By placing the indicator light 50 at a high position, it is possible to prevent the indicator light 50 from being obscured by the drill jumbo 4 or the like and becoming difficult to see from the worker B side, and the worker B can reliably see the indicator light 50.

[0043] Operator A, who is in charge of operating the injection pump, can determine whether or not it is near the time to stop operation of injection pump 10 by checking the illumination status of indicator light 50. When it is determined that the time to stop operation is near, Operator A can pay particular attention so as not to miss Operator B's signal to stop. The indicator lamp 50 outputs the degree of injection as visual information in the form of light emission, so that the workers A and B can reliably grasp the degree of injection even in the noisy environment inside the tunnel.

[0044] When all three light emitting parts 51 to 53 are lit and mortar 6 overflows from the proximal opening 5a, worker B gives a signal to stop. In response to this, operator A operates on / off switch 13 of injection pump 10 to stop operation.

[0045] The operation stop signal is input to the processing unit 41 via the signal conversion unit 42. In response to this, the processing unit 41 stores the integrated injection amount Q6 at the time of operation shutdown as the total injection amount into the lock bolt hole 5 in the memory unit 41m, and resets the integrated injection amount Q6. Furthermore, the processing unit 41 outputs an all-lights-off command to the indicator light 50 via the signal conversion unit 42. This causes all of the light-emitting units 51 to 53 of the indicator light 50 to be turned off. Also, in response to a command from the processing unit 41, the measurement state indicating light-emitting unit 61 of the indicator light 60 is turned off, and the operating state indicating light-emitting unit 62 is turned off.

[0046] During the injection process, the water pressure measured by the water pressure gauge 21, the water temperature measured by the water thermometer 22, and the water volume measured by the water flow meter 23 are each input to the processing unit 41 via the signal conversion unit 42, and the processing unit 41 stores the water pressure, water temperature, and water flow volume data in the memory unit 41m together with the data on the total injection volume. The stored data is used to create reports such as daily work reports.

[0047] Worker B pulls out the injection pipe 30 from the proximal opening 5a of the rock bolt hole 5 which has already been filled with mortar. Next, the drill jumbo 4 is operated to drive the rock bolt 3 into the rock bolt hole 5 which has already been filled with mortar. In this manner, each drilled rock bolt hole 5 is filled with mortar 6 and then a rock bolt 3 is driven into the hole.

[0048] Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the above-described embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. <Second embodiment (FIG. 3)> As shown in Fig. 3, in the second embodiment of the present invention, an injection degree indicator lamp 50 is provided on an elevated work platform 4d of a drill jumbo 4. A wireless communication unit 72 (receiver) is connected to the indicator lamp 50. A wireless communication unit 71 (transmitter) is connected to the signal converter 42 of the central control panel 40.

[0049] A light-on command or light-off command from the processing unit 41 is transmitted from the wireless transmitting unit 71 via the signal converting unit 42. This is received by the wireless receiving unit 72 and input to the indicator light 50. This controls the turning on and off of the light-emitting units 51 to 53. Although not shown in the figure, the indicator light 50 is provided with an independent power source such as a battery. Since the injection degree indicator lamp 50 is disposed in close proximity to the worker B in charge of operating the injection pipe on the elevated work platform 4d, the worker B can be reliably informed of the injection degree. The indicator lamps 60 for indicating the operating state and the measurement state may also be arranged on the aerial work platform 4d and their blinking may be wirelessly controlled.

[0050] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, the number of light emitting parts of the filling degree indicator lamp 50 is not limited to three, but may be four or more, or may be two, or may be only one. In the embodiment, the light-emitting portions of the indicator lamp 50 are sequentially lit from the upper to the lower as the degree of injection increases, but the light-emitting portions may be sequentially lit from the lower to the upper as the degree of injection increases. A plurality of light emitting portions of the indicator lamp 50 may be arranged in a lateral (horizontal) direction or in an oblique direction. The means for notifying the degree of injection may be anything that outputs visual information that can be visually sensed by the operator and that enables the degree of injection to be determined, and is not limited to an indicator light 50 having a light-emitting portion, but may also be an electronic signboard that displays the degree of injection in electronic characters, or the like. The filler injection system of the present invention is not limited to a pre-injection method in which mortar is injected into the rock bolt hole 5 and then the rock bolt 3 is inserted, but can also be applied to a post-injection method in which mortar is injected after the rock bolt 3 is inserted into the rock bolt hole 5. The filler is not limited to mortar, but may be a foamed resin such as a urethane type. [Industrial Applicability]

[0051] The present invention is applicable to rock bolting work in mountain tunnels, for example. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 1 Mountain Tunnel 1a Tunnel excavation surface 2. Ground 3. Rock Bolt 4. Jumbo Drill 4d Aerial work platform 5 Rock bolt hole 5a Hand side opening 6 Mortar (filler) 8 Transport vehicles 9. Filler injection system 10 Infusion pump 11 Pump section 12 Mixer 13 On / Off Switch 14 Hopper (raw material input section) 20 Water supply channel 30 Injection tube 31 Mortar flow meter (filler flow meter) 32 Injection pressure gauge (filling material pressure gauge) 40 Central Control Panel 41 Processing section 42 Signal conversion section 43 Setting Device 43a Setting input section 43b Output section 44 Airtight Box 45 Ethernet cable 50 Injection degree indicator (notification means) 51, 52, 53 Light emitting part 59 Pillar 71,72 Wireless communication section

Claims

1. A filler injection system for injecting a filler into a rock bolt hole formed in a natural ground of a mountain tunnel in a rock bolt construction in which a rock bolt is inserted into the rock bolt hole, An injection pump that discharges the filler; an injection tube extending from the injection pump; A flow meter that measures the injection flow rate of the filler; A setting means for setting a threshold value for the integrated injection amount of the filler; A calculation unit that calculates an injection degree relative to the threshold value from a measurement value by the flow meter; a notification means for outputting visual information corresponding to the calculated injection degree; A filler injection system for rock bolt construction, comprising:

2. 2. The filler injection system according to claim 1, wherein the notification means is an indicator lamp having a plurality of light-emitting elements, and the light-emitting elements which light up according to the degree of injection are set.

3. 3. The filler injection system according to claim 1, wherein the calculation unit and the notification means are wirelessly connected via a wireless communication unit.

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