Harvester

Abstract

To provide a harvester in which a guide part can be prevented from being broken.SOLUTION: A harvester includes: a digging part 51 that digs out a harvest in the ground of a field; a movable guide part 52 that guides the harvest from the digging part 51; and a conveyance part capable of circulating that conveys the harvest from the guide part 52. The guide part 52 is provided in the digging part 51 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. The guide part 52 has a plurality of guide members 72, 82 rotatable in the vertical direction with respect to the digging part 51. Each of the guide members 72, 82 has a free end portion being a rear end portion that is placed on the conveyance part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a harvester for harvesting crops. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a harvester as described in, for example, Patent Document 1 below is known.

[0003] This conventional harvester is a self-propelled harvesting device that can travel, for example, through a field, and is equipped with a digging section that digs up harvested products (such as potatoes) from the soil in the field, a fixed guide section that is fixed to the digging section by welding or the like and guides the harvested products dug up by the digging section, and a transport section that transports the harvested products from the guide section. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-45072 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the above-mentioned conventional harvesters, since the guide portion is fixed to the digging portion, there is a risk that the guide portion may be damaged by contact with foreign objects such as stones in the soil of the farm field.

[0006] Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a harvester that can prevent damage to the guide portion. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a digging section that digs up the harvested products, a movable guide section that is movably mounted on the digging section and guides the harvested products from the digging section, and a transport section that transports the harvested products from the guide section. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to the embodiment of the present invention, damage to the guide portion can be prevented. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view of a harvester according to one embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. [Figure 7] 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4. [Figure 8] 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the harvester with the guide part moved upward. [Figure 9] 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the guide portion of the same. FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the operation following FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0011] In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, 1 denotes a harvester, which is an agricultural machine. This harvester 1 is a self-propelled harvesting device (self-propelled root vegetable harvester) that can travel in a farm field and harvests crops (e.g., agricultural products) in the farm field. The harvested product is, for example, potatoes that have a roughly spherical shape and grow in the soil of the farm field. The harvested product may be, for example, sweet potatoes, onions, carrots, etc., other than potatoes.

[0012] The harvester 1 is equipped with an engine 2, a crawler 3 which is a traveling means operated based on power from the engine 2, a conveyor 5 which is a transport means for transporting the harvested crops after digging, a vibration means 7 for vibrating the transport section 6 of the conveyor 5 in the vertical direction, a sorting conveyor 8 which receives and transports the harvested crops from the transport section 6 of the conveyor 5, and a gauge wheel means 13 which has a gauge wheel 11 and an adjustment handle 12.

[0013] The longitudinal conveyor 5 is unfoldable and foldable, and the front part 5a is vertically rotatable relative to the rear part 5b, but may be configured, for example, as a non-foldable conveyor. The sorting conveyor 8 is, for example, a belt-type conveyor having a conveyor belt 9 for conveying harvested products, but may be configured without such a sorting conveyor 8.

[0014] The harvester 1 also has a number of seats 16 for operators to sit on, steps 17 provided near each of the seats 16, operating means 18 that can be operated by the operator, a number of container tables 19 on which containers (containers for storing harvested products) are placed, and a lifting container table 20.

[0015] The conveyor 5 is a bar-type conveying device that receives harvested products (harvested products dug up from the soil of the field) from a movable guide section (rotating guide section) 52 (described later) with a conveying section 6 and conveys them diagonally upward and backward (in the conveying direction). In other words, the conveyor 5 has a rotatable endless conveying section 6 that conveys the harvested products diagonally upward and backward while dropping the field soil brought in together with the harvested products from the front guide section 52 through a soil drop opening (the gap between two adjacent conveying bars) 10.

[0016] The conveying section 6 is rotatably wound around a front driven roller 21 and a rear driving roller 22. The conveying section 6 rotates in a predetermined direction in response to the driving rotation of the driving roller 22 based on the power from the engine 2. The conveying section 6 has an outward road surface 23 on the upper side for conveying the harvested crop while dropping the soil from the multiple soil drop openings 10, and this outward road surface 23 vibrates up and down by abutting (contacting) with the vibration roller of the vibration means 7. The left and right driven rollers 21 are attached to conveyor side plates 25 of the conveyor 5 (see FIG. 4).

[0017] Here, as shown in Figure 3, the conveying section 6 has endless belts 31, which are a pair of left and right belt-shaped endless members that rotate in a predetermined direction, and conveying bars 33, which are multiple left-right longitudinal conveying members that are stretched between the two endless belts 31 and rotate together with the endless belts 31 to convey the harvested products.

[0018] Between the two adjacent conveyor bars (conveyor rods) 33 in the conveying direction, there is a soil drop opening 10 for dropping the soil toward the field. Each conveyor bar 33 is detachably attached to the endless belt 31, and the endless belt 31 and conveyor bar 33 are respectively formed with mounting holes 34, 35 into which mounting fixtures such as bolts are inserted.

[0019] The multiple conveyor bars 33 arranged at intervals in the conveying direction are composed of at least two types of conveyor bars 33 with different heights at their lowest positions (lower end positions where they contact the vibration rollers), i.e., for example, three types of conveyor bars 33 (33a, 33b, 33c) with different shapes. In other words, the conveying section 6 has, for example, a first conveyor bar 33a, a second conveyor bar 33b, and a third conveyor bar 33c as multiple conveying members (conveyor rods) of at least two types or more with different shapes.

[0020] As shown in Figure 3(a), the first conveyor bar 33a has an attachment plate portion 39 that is detachably attached to the endless belt 31, a shoulder portion 36 that is integral with the attachment plate portion 39, and a horizontal, left-right elongated abdomen portion 38 that is connected to the shoulder portion 36 via an inclined portion 37.

[0021] 3(b), the second conveyor bar 33b has an attachment plate portion 40 detachably attached to the endless belt 31, a shoulder portion 41 integral with the attachment plate portion 40, and a horizontal, left-right elongated body portion 43 connected to the shoulder portion 41 via an inclined portion 42. The inclined portion 42 of the second conveyor bar 33b is shorter than the inclined portion 37 of the first conveyor bar 33a. Therefore, the downward projection amount of the second conveyor bar 33b relative to the endless belt 31 is smaller than the downward projection amount of the first conveyor bar 33a relative to the endless belt 31.

[0022] 3(c), the third transport bar 33c has a horizontal, left-right elongated anti-rolling portion 45 made of rubber for preventing the crop from rolling diagonally downward and forward, and mounting plates 44 provided on the underside of both ends of the anti-rolling portion 45, and the mounting plates 44 are detachably attached to the endless belt 31. The upwardly protruding anti-rolling portion 45 is located above the endless belt 31. In other words, the amount of upward protrusion of the third transport bar 33c relative to the endless belt 31 is greater than the amounts of upward protrusion of the other transport bars 33a, 33b relative to the endless belt 31.

[0023] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3(d), the conveying section 6 has a plurality of conveying bar groups 46 aligned in the conveying direction, and each of the conveying bar groups 46 is composed of, for example, three types of five conveying bars 33, namely, two first conveying bars 33a, two second conveying bars 33b, and one third conveying bar 33c.

[0024] The vibration pattern (vibration rhythm) of the conveying section 6 by the vibration means 7 is determined by the arrangement pattern (way of arranging) of the conveying bars 33, which are multiple conveying members of at least two or more types (three types in the illustrated example, but two or four or more types are also acceptable) with different shapes.

[0025] Similarly, the rotation pattern of the guide section 52 (rotation pattern of the guide member) described later is also determined by the arrangement pattern of the conveyor bars 33, which are a plurality of conveyor members of at least two or more types with different shapes. Therefore, by changing the arrangement pattern of the conveyor bars 33, it is possible to appropriately change the vibration pattern and rotation pattern according to the field conditions such as soil quality.

[0026] On the other hand, as shown in Figures 4 to 10, the harvester 1 is equipped with a digging guide unit 50, which is a digging guide means that digs up the harvested products from the soil in the field and guides them onto the conveying section 6 of the conveyor 5, and this digging guide unit 50 is removably attached to the front end of the conveyor side panel 25 of the conveyor 5.

[0027] The digging guide unit (tip section) 50 is equipped with a digging section 51 which digs up the harvested products from the soil in the field, and a movable guide section 52 which is provided on the digging section 51 so as to be movable up and down, i.e., for example so as to be rotatable (movable) in the vertical direction, and which guides the harvested products dug up from the soil in the field by the digging section 51 diagonally upward and backward (guiding direction) to above the conveying starting end of the conveying section 6.

[0028] The excavation section 51 has a substantially V-shaped base plate 55, and side plates 56 are fixed to both left and right ends of the base plate 55, and each side plate 56 is detachably attached to the front end of the conveyor side plate 25. In addition, a plurality of shaft holding members 57 are fixed to the base plate 55, and each shaft holding member 57 has a recessed portion 58 that opens upward. Furthermore, a plurality of screw hole portions 59 having screw grooves are formed in the base plate 55.

[0029] The digging section 51 has a plate-shaped, approximately V-shaped digging blade (tip) 61 with a blade surface 60 formed on the underside of the tip, and this digging blade 61 has a plurality of countersunk through-holes 62 formed to correspond to the screw hole 59 of the base plate 55. The digging blade 61 is detachably attached to the upper surface of the base plate 55 by screwing a countersunk bolt 63, which is an attachment tool, from the through-hole 62 to the screw hole 59. The upper surface of the countersunk bolt 63 is located approximately on the same plane as the upper surface of the digging blade 61. A plurality of plate-shaped shaft regulating members 64 are fixed to the rear of the digging blade 61.

[0030] The guide section 52 has multiple (e.g., two) central guide bodies 66 arranged at the left-right center of the digging section 51 so as to be rotatable up and down around a left-right central axis X1, which is the pivot point at the front end, and left and right end guide bodies (a left guide body and a right guide body) 67 arranged at both left-right ends of the digging section 51 so as to be rotatable up and down around a left-right central axis X2, which is the pivot point at the front end.

[0031] That is, the guide section 52 guides the harvested product from the digging section 51, and is composed of four guide bodies (two inner guide bodies and two outer guide bodies) 66, 67 that are rotatable (movable up and down) in the vertical direction relative to the digging section 51. In addition, in a plan view, a rotation center axis X1 which is the rotation center of the inner center side guide body 66 is located forward of a rotation center axis X2 which is the rotation center of the outer end side guide body 67.

[0032] The central guide body 66 has a round shaft member 71 that is elongated in the left-right direction and is rotatably held by the recessed portions 58 of the multiple, i.e., two, shaft holding members 57 of the excavation section 51, and its upward movement is restricted by the shaft regulating member 64, so that it is maintained inserted into the recessed portion 58, and a plurality of round shaft-shaped guide members 72 that are elongated in the front-to-rear direction in a plan view and have their front ends fixed to the shaft member 71 and their rear ends rotatable in the up-down direction about the shaft member (rotation center axis X1 passing through the axis of the shaft member) 71 so that they can be raised and lowered.

[0033] A number of guide members (guide bars) 72 are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, and their free ends, which are their rear ends, are placed on the conveying starting end of the conveying section 6, and rotate vertically to follow the steps of the conveying section 6 (height differences that are steps due to differences in the shapes of the conveying bars) based on the movement of the conveying section 6.

[0034] That is, for example, the inner central guide member (inner guide bar) 72 rotates and swings in the vertical direction about the central rotation axis X1 due to contact with the abdomen 38 of the first conveyor bar 33a, the abdomen 43 of the second conveyor bar 33b, or the anti-rolling portion 45 of the third conveyor bar 33c.

[0035] A soil drop opening 73 for dropping soil toward the field is provided between the adjacent guide members 72. A plate-shaped restricting member 74 is fixed to the shaft member 71 to restrict the left-right movement of the shaft member 71 by contacting the side surface of the shaft holding member 57.

[0036] Like the above-mentioned central guide body 66, the end side guide body 67 has a round shaft member 81 that is elongated in the left-right direction and is rotatably held by the recessed portions 58 of the multiple, i.e., two, shaft holding members 57 of the excavation section 51, and its upward movement is restricted by the shaft regulating member 64, so that it is maintained inserted into the recessed portion 58, and a plurality of round shaft-shaped guide members 82 that are elongated in the front-rear direction in a plan view and have their front ends fixed to the shaft member 81 and their rear ends rotatable in the up-down direction about the shaft member (rotation center axis X2 passing through the axis of the shaft member) 81 so as to move up and down.

[0037] A number of guide members (guide bars) 82 are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, and their free ends, which are their rear ends, are placed on the conveying starting end of the conveying section 6, and rotate vertically to follow the steps of the conveying section 6 (height differences that are steps due to differences in the shapes of the conveying bars) based on the movement of the conveying section 6.

[0038] That is, for example, unlike the above-mentioned central guide member 72, the guide members (outer guide bars) 82 on the outer left and right ends rotate and swing up and down about the rotation central axis X2 due to contact with the shoulder 36 of the first conveyor bar 33a, the shoulder 41 of the second conveyor bar 33b, or the anti-rolling portion 45 of the third conveyor bar 33c. Therefore, the rotation patterns of both guide members 72, 82 are not the same but are different from each other, and the rotation angles (rotation ranges), which are the amounts of swing between the two, are also different.

[0039] Between the two adjacent guide members 82, there is a soil drop opening 83 for dropping soil toward the field. Also, a plate-shaped restricting member 84 is fixed to the shaft member 81 to restrict the movement of the shaft member 81 in the left-right direction by contacting with the side surface of the shaft holding member 57.

[0040] Next, the operation of the above-mentioned harvester 1 will be described.

[0041] In a farm field, when the harvester 1 is moved forward (in the traveling direction shown in FIG. 1) by operating the crawler 4, the harvested products in the soil of the furrows of the farm field are dug up from the soil of the farm field by the digging blade 61 of the digging part 51 and lifted up.

[0042] The harvested crops are then guided by guide section 52, transferred from guide section 52 onto conveying section 6 of conveyor 5, and conveyed by conveying section 6.

[0043] Then, a worker sitting on seat 16 manually picks up the harvested crops from the transport bar 33 of the transport section 6 of the conveyor 5 or from the transport belt 9 of the sorting conveyor 8, and places them in a container for storage.

[0044] During such harvesting work, even if a foreign object such as a stone in the soil of the field becomes caught between two adjacent conveyor bars 33, the guide part 52 is movable, so the guide part 52 will not be damaged by contact with the foreign object.

[0045] That is, for example, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the guide member 72 of the central guide body 66 is capable of rotating in the vertical direction around the rotation center axis X1 relative to the digging section 51, so that even if a foreign object (e.g., a stone) 90 in the soil becomes caught between the two conveying bars 33b, 33c, the guide member 72 will rotate upward due to contact (collision) with the foreign object 90.

[0046] Therefore, a large external force due to contact with the foreign object 90 does not act on the guide member 72, and damage to the guide member 72 is prevented (suppressed), and for example, the rod-shaped guide member 72 is suppressed from breaking or bending due to a collision with the foreign object 90. Although not shown, the same applies to the guide member 82 of the end side guide body 67.

[0047] Also, during harvesting operations, the guide member 72 of the central guide body 66 and the guide member 82 of the end guide body 67 each rotate vertically due to contact with the conveying bar 33 based on the rotation of the conveying section 6, but the rotation angle of the guide member 72 of the central guide body 66 is greater than the rotation angle of the guide member 82 of the end guide body 67.

[0048] 9 and 10, the rotation angle of the guide member 72 of the center guide body 66 is, for example, "11°" (maximum 42°, minimum 31°), whereas the rotation angle of the guide member 82 of the end guide body 67 is, for example, "8°" (maximum 45°, minimum 37°), and the angle difference between the two is "3°." In other words, in this illustrated example, the rotation angle of the guide member 72 on the center side is larger than the rotation angle of the guide member 82 on the end side by a preset angle, for example, at least "3°" (it may be more).

[0049] In Figures 9 and 10, P1 is a contact point between the central guide member 72 and the carrier bar 33 (33a, 33b, 33c), and P2 is a contact point between the end guide member 82 and the carrier bar 33 (33a, 33b, 33c).

[0050] Furthermore, such a harvester 1 is equipped with a digging section 51 that digs up the harvested products, a movable guide section 52 that is rotatable vertically on this digging section 51 and guides the harvested products dug up by the digging section 51 to a position above the conveying start end of the conveying section 6, and a rotatable conveying section 6 that receives the harvested products from the guide section 52 while rotating in a predetermined direction and conveys them. This makes it possible to prevent (suppress) damage to the guide section 52 due to contact with foreign objects such as stones in the soil of a field, for example. Moreover, the rotation (movability) of the guide section 52 improves the absorption of soil between the digging section 51 and the conveying section 6, and reduces the amount of soil remaining on the guide section 52, thereby preventing (suppressing) the harvested products from being pushed by the remaining soil and spilling out to the side, thereby reducing harvest loss and allowing proper harvesting work to be performed efficiently.

[0051] In addition, the guide section (central guide body, left and right end guide bodies) 52 has an axis member 71, 81 rotatably held by the axis holding member 57 of the digging section 51, and a plurality of guide members 72, 82 whose front ends are fixed to the axis member 71, 81 and which can rotate vertically around the axis member 71, 81 so that their rear ends can rise and fall. Each of these guide members 72, 82 has its rear end, which is the free end, placed on the conveying section 6 and rotates vertically based on the rotation of the conveying section 6, so that damage to the guide members 72, 82 can be appropriately prevented, and residual soil on the guide members 72, 82 can be appropriately prevented from spilling over the sides of the harvested crops.

[0052] Furthermore, the guide section 52 has a central guide body 66 that is arranged at the central side of the digging section 51 in the left-right direction so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and left and right end guide bodies 67 that are arranged at both left-right ends of the digging section 51 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.Since the rotation angle of the central guide body 66 is greater than the rotation angle of the end guide bodies 67, the harvested products can be more effectively prevented from spilling over to the sides.

[0053] In other words, since the rotation angle of the central guide body 66 is greater than the rotation angle of the end guide body 67, the amount of soil falling into the field from the soil fall opening 73 between the adjacent guide members 72 of the central guide body 66 is greater than the amount of soil falling into the field from the soil fall opening 83 between the adjacent guide members 82 of the end guide body 67.Therefore, the amount of soil remaining on the central guide member 72 is less than the remaining soil on the left and right end guide members 82.As a result, only the remaining soil on both the left and right sides is raised, so that the harvested products can be more effectively prevented from spilling out to the left and right sides, and harvest losses can be effectively reduced.

[0054] Furthermore, the center guide body 66 is arranged so that its inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction is always smaller than that of the end guide body 67, which also makes it possible to appropriately prevent the harvested products from spilling out to the side.

[0055] Furthermore, the rotation pattern (movement pattern) of the movable guide section 52, which can rotate vertically relative to the digging section 51, is determined by the arrangement pattern of the conveyor bars 3 of the conveying section 6 of the conveyor 5, so the rotation pattern can be easily changed by changing the arrangement pattern of the conveyor bars 3, thereby making it easy to adapt to field conditions such as soil type.

[0056] In addition, the movable guide part of the harvester is not limited to being able to rotate (move up and down) in the vertical direction relative to the digging part, but may be movable so long as it is not damaged when it comes into contact with foreign objects such as stones that are caught between the two adjacent conveying members, and may be configured to be able to rise and fall, or to be able to move sideways, for example.

[0057] Furthermore, the guide section is not limited to being made up of a plurality of movable guide bodies (a central guide body, an end guide body) that are each movable individually, and may be made up of, for example, a single movable guide body.

[0058] Furthermore, each of the multiple transport bar groups that make up the transport section of the conveyor is not limited to consisting of at least three types of five transport bars with different shapes, but the combination is arbitrary, for example consisting of three types of seven transport bars or two types of five transport bars. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 1. Harvesting Machine 6. Conveyor 33 Conveying member, conveying bar 51 Excavation section 52 Movable guide unit 57 Shaft retaining member 66 Center guide body 67 End guide 71,81 Shaft member 72,82 Guide member

Claims

1. a digging section for digging up the harvested crops; A movable guide unit movably provided on the digging unit to guide the harvested product from the digging unit; a conveying unit that conveys the harvested product from the guide unit; A harvester comprising:

2. The guide section is provided in the excavation section so as to be movable up and down.

2. The harvester according to claim 1 .

3. The digging portion has a shaft holding member, The guide section is a shaft member rotatably held by the shaft holding member; a plurality of guide members each having a front end fixed to the shaft member and a rear end that can be rotated in a vertical direction around the shaft member so as to be raised and lowered; The guide member has a free end portion, which is a rear end portion, placed on the conveying section and rotates vertically based on the rotation of the conveying section.

2. The harvester according to claim 1 .

4. The guide section is A center guide body provided at the center of the excavation section in the left-right direction so as to be rotatable in the up-down direction; The digging section has left and right end guides provided at both left and right ends thereof so as to be rotatable in the up and down direction. A harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The rotation angle of the center guide is greater than the rotation angle of the end guide.

5. A harvester according to claim 4.

6. the conveying section has at least two or more types of conveying members having different shapes; The movement pattern of the guide portion is determined by the arrangement pattern of the transport members. A harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images