Slope structure, and waste disposal site

Abstract

To provide a slope structure with a high degree of freedom in gradient.SOLUTION: A slope structure 10A comprises a lightweight embankment 12 formed by stacking foam layers 14, and a water shielding sheet 16 arranged along a side face of the foam layer 14 made of a foam such as polyurethane foam. In addition, in the slope structure 10A, a portion of the water shielding sheet 16 is clamped and held between the two foam layers 14, 14. The slope structure 10A constitutes a side wall of a waste disposal site 50 for landfill disposal of waste.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a slope structure and a waste disposal site. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art In disposal sites and reservoirs where waste such as industrial waste is stored, waterproof sheets are laid on slopes formed by filling soil (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-59909 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] If a slope is formed by filling the soil with earth and sand, the slope cannot be made steep, which means the width of the fill becomes large, which means that, for example, the space available for receiving waste when used as a waste disposal site becomes small.

[0005] The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems associated with the conventional technology, and aims to provide a slope structure and a waste disposal site that have a high degree of freedom in terms of slope. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The first aspect of the slope structure according to the present invention is as follows: Lightweight embankment formed by stacking foam layers, A waterproof sheet is disposed along a side surface of the foam layer, The gist of the invention is that a portion of the waterproof sheet is sandwiched between the two foam layers.

[0007] A second aspect of the slope structure according to the present invention is the same as the first aspect of the slope structure, It may be a side wall of a waste disposal site.

[0008] A first aspect of the waste disposal site according to the present invention is The sidewall is preferably a foam layer.

[0009] A second aspect of the waste disposal site according to the present invention is the same as the first aspect of the waste disposal site, The foam layer may be made of polyurethane. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the slope structure of the present invention, since the embankment is a lightweight one made of a foamed layer, it is possible to form a slope with a high degree of freedom in terms of gradient. According to the waste disposal site of the present invention, the foam layer allows the formation of side walls with a high degree of freedom in terms of slope. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a waste disposal site having a slope structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention as a side wall. [Diagram 2] 5A to 5C are explanatory diagrams showing a manufacturing process of the slope structure of the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a waste disposal site having a slope structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention as a side wall. [Figure 4] 10A to 10C are explanatory diagrams showing a manufacturing process of the slope structure of the second embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a waste disposal site having a slope structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention as a side wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Next, the slope structure and waste disposal site according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, taking preferred examples. Note that the following embodiment and drawings are merely examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention to these configurations, and may be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention. EXAMPLES

[0013] (First embodiment) As shown in Fig. 1, the slope structure 10A according to the first embodiment includes a lightweight embankment 12 formed by stacking foam layers 14, and a waterproof sheet 16 arranged along the side of the foam layer 14. The slope structure 10 according to the first embodiment constitutes a side wall rising from the bottom surface of a waste disposal site 50 for landfill disposal of general waste, industrial waste, and other waste. In other words, it can be said that the side wall of the waste disposal site 50 is constituted by the foam layer 14.

[0014] The lightweight embankment 12 is disposed so as to cover the slope of the natural ground 60. The lightweight embankment 12 is composed of multiple foamed layers 14 formed by stacking them vertically along the natural ground 60. The side of each foamed layer 14 has a smooth surface with few irregularities and a gradient suitable for laying the waterproof sheet 16. With ordinary embankments made of soil and sand, even if the soil conditions are good, a gradient of 1.8 to 2.0 (inclination angle of about 60° to 63°) is required, but with the lightweight embankment 12 made of foamed layers 14, since it is composed of a hardening resin, the gradient can be made larger than 2.0, and can be set to, for example, a vertical or nearly vertical gradient.

[0015] The foam layer 14 is composed of a foam such as polyurethane foam. Among foams, in-situ foamed polyurethane foam, which is foamed and cured at the construction site, is preferred from the viewpoints of light weight, workability, and adhesion to the natural ground 60. The compressive strength (JIS A9511) of the foam layer 14 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 120 kN / m 2 ~400kN / m 2The density of the foam layer 14 (JIS A9511) is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 30 kg / m 3 ~50kg / m 3 It is preferable that the amount is about 100%.

[0016] As shown in Fig. 1, a portion of the waterproof sheet 16 is sandwiched between two foam layers 14. More specifically, the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 is sandwiched and held between the two foam layers 14 stacked vertically. In addition, the portion of the waterproof sheet 16 below the upper end sandwiched between the two foam layers 14 stacked vertically is arranged along the side of the foam layer 14 and covers the side of the foam layer 14. The lower end of the waterproof sheet 16 may be arranged by abutting against the waterproof sheet 16 arranged on the bottom or lower side of the waste disposal site 50, or may be arranged by overlapping the waterproof sheet 16 arranged on the bottom or lower side of the waste disposal site 50.

[0017] Examples of the waterproof sheet 16 include sheets made of synthetic rubber-based materials, synthetic resin-based materials, rubber asphalt-based materials, and fiber-based materials, either alone or in combination. Examples of the synthetic rubber-based materials include styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, acrylic rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polysulfide rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, and urethane rubber, either alone or in combination. Examples of the synthetic resin-based materials include olefin-based resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and chlorinated polyethylene, either alone or in combination. Examples of the rubber asphalt-based materials include core materials made of woven or nonwoven fabrics, covered with general asphalts such as straight asphalt and blown asphalt, or modified asphalt. Examples of the fiber-based materials include nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, and mats made of synthetic fibers such as polyester, vinylon, nylon, polypropylene, acrylic, and polyamide.

[0018] Next, a manufacturing method of the slope structure 10A according to the first embodiment will be described. In this case, the foam layer 14 is made of polyurethane foam on site. First, a foaming material made of a mixture of liquid A (polyol) and liquid B (isocyanate) is sprayed on the natural ground 60 on site to foam, thereby forming the foam layer 14 made of polyurethane foam with a required height and width along the natural ground 60 (see FIG. 2(a)). At this time, the gradient of the side surface of the foam layer 14 to be covered with the waterproof sheet 16 can be formed at any angle by adjusting the amount of foaming material sprayed or by forming it with a formwork. Next, the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 is fixed to the upper surface of the foam layer 14 with a pin or the like, and the remaining part of the waterproof sheet 16 is hung down along the side surface of the foam layer 14, so that the waterproof sheet 16 is arranged along the side surface of the foam layer 14 (see FIG. 2(b)).

[0019] A foaming material is sprayed onto the natural ground 60 on the previously formed foam layer 14 to foam it, and the foam layer 14 made of polyurethane foam is stacked on the previous foam layer 14 to form a required height and width along the natural ground 60 (see FIG. 2(c)). At this time, the foam layer 14 to be formed later is formed on the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 placed on the upper surface of the previous foam layer 14, so that the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 is sandwiched and fixed between the two upper and lower foam layers 14. Next, the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 is fixed to the upper surface of the later formed foam layer 14 with a pin or the like, and the remaining part of the waterproof sheet 16 is hung down along the side of the later formed foam layer 14, so that the waterproof sheet 16 is arranged along the side of the later formed foam layer 14 (see FIG. 2(d)). In this way, by alternately repeating the formation of the foamed layer 14 and the arrangement of the waterproof sheet 16, a slope structure 10A is obtained which comprises a lightweight embankment 12 composed of a plurality of foamed layers 14 stacked along the ground 60, and a waterproof sheet 16 arranged along the side of the foamed layer 14.

[0020] The manufacturing method of the slope structure 10A described above includes a step of placing a part of the waterproof sheet 16 on the upper surface of the foamed layer 14 formed by foaming the foam material, and placing the remaining part of the waterproof sheet 16 along the side of the foamed layer 14, and a step of foaming the foam material over a part of the waterproof sheet 16, thereby stacking it on the previously formed foamed layer 14 to form a new foamed layer 14. According to this manufacturing method, it is possible to easily form the slope structure 10A in which the side of the lightweight embankment 12 composed of the stacked foam layers 14 is covered with the waterproof sheet 16.

[0021] In the above-mentioned slope structure 10A, the mounting surface of the waterproof sheet 16 is formed by the foam layer 14, and the foam layer 14 made of a hardening resin is self-supporting, so that the degree of freedom in the gradient of the mounting surface is high. For example, by making the gradient of the mounting surface steep, the lightweight embankment 12 made of the foam layer 14 has a smaller horizontal width from the ground 60 than an embankment made of earth and sand, so that if the slope structure 10A is used as a side wall of a waste disposal site 50, the capacity of the waste disposal site 50 can be increased. In addition, since the slope structure 10A is configured to sandwich a part of the waterproof sheet 16 between the two foam layers 14, the waterproof sheet 16 can be sandwiched and held between the two foam layers 14. This can significantly reduce the effort required for arranging the waterproof sheet 16 on the side of the lightweight embankment 12 and the effort required for connecting the waterproof sheets 16 to each other, and can simplify the work of covering the lightweight embankment 12 with the waterproof sheet 16.

[0022] The lightweight embankment 12 made of the foam layer 14 is lighter than soil and sand, so the load on the supporting ground can be minimized. In addition, the foam layer 14 adheres to the surroundings such as the waterproof sheet 16 and the ground 60 due to the self-adhesiveness unique to the foam (polyurethane foam), so that the lightweight embankment 12 is integrated with the surroundings and is stable.

[0023] In particular, forming the foam layer 14 with on-site foamed polyurethane foam, which is a foaming material made by mixing liquid A (polyol) and liquid B (isocyanate) on-site, has the following advantages. Since on-site foamed polyurethane foam develops strength in about 24 hours after spraying, it takes less time to develop strength than concrete. In addition, since on-site foamed polyurethane foam is a hardening resin, it does not require rolling compaction as in the case of backfilling with soil and sand. Furthermore, since on-site foamed polyurethane foam changes from liquid to solid, it can be easily filled according to the surrounding shape of the natural ground 60, etc. In this way, the construction efficiency of the foam layer 14 is increased, and the construction period of the slope structure 10A can be significantly shortened. In addition, since the foam material is lightweight, the foam layer 14 can be formed by human labor without requiring large heavy machinery, and the construction area of ​​the slope structure 10A has a high degree of freedom, so that the slope structure 10A can be formed even in places where vehicles cannot enter.

[0024] Second embodiment As shown in FIG. 3, the slope structure 10B according to the second embodiment includes a lightweight embankment 12 formed by stacking foam layers 14 and a waterproof sheet 16 arranged along the side of the foam layer 14. The slope structure 10B according to the second embodiment constitutes the side wall of the waste disposal site 50. That is, it can be said that the side wall of the waste disposal site 50 is composed of the foam layer 14. Here, in the second embodiment, the lower surface of the upper foam layer 14 is formed to protrude more than the upper surface of the lower foam layer 14. The slope structure 10B according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the configuration of the foam layer 14, but the other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, so that the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are assigned to the configurations having the same functions and the description thereof is omitted. And, even the slope structure 10B according to the second embodiment achieves the same action and effect as the first embodiment.

[0025] Next, a method for manufacturing the slope structure 10B according to the second embodiment will be described. In this case, the foam layer 14 is made of polyurethane foam on site. First, a foaming material made of a mixture of A liquid (polyol) and B liquid (isocyanate) is sprayed on the natural ground 60 on site to foam, thereby forming the foam layer 14 made of polyurethane foam with a required height and width along the natural ground 60 (see FIG. 4(a)). Next, the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 is fixed to the upper surface of the foam layer 14 with a pin or the like, and the remaining part of the waterproof sheet 16 is hung down along the side of the foam layer 14, so that the waterproof sheet 16 is arranged along the side of the foam layer 14 (see FIG. 4(b)). Then, the waste material 52 is backfilled up to the height of the first foam layer 14 (see FIG. 4(c)).

[0026] A foaming material is sprayed onto the natural ground 60 on the previously formed foam layer 14 and waste 52 to foam, and the foam layer 14 made of polyurethane foam is stacked on the previously formed foam layer 14 to form a required height and width along the natural ground 60 (see FIG. 4(d)). At this time, the foam layer 14 is formed not only on the previously formed foam layer 14 but also on the waste 52, so that the lower surface of the later formed foam layer 14 protrudes from the upper surface of the previously formed foam layer 14. Also, the later formed foam layer 14 is formed on the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 placed on the upper surface of the previously formed foam layer 14, so that the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 is sandwiched and fixed between the two upper and lower foam layers 14. Next, the upper end of the waterproof sheet 16 is fixed to the upper surface of the later formed foam layer 14 with a pin or the like, and the remaining part of the waterproof sheet 16 is hung down along the side of the later formed foam layer 14, so that the waterproof sheet 16 is arranged along the side of the later formed foam layer 14 (see FIG. 4(e)). Then, the waste material 52 is backfilled up to the height of the second foamed layer 14 (see FIG. 4(f)). In this way, by repeating the formation of the foamed layer 14, backfilling with the waste material 52, and arranging the waterproof sheet 16, a slope structure 10B is obtained, which includes a lightweight embankment 12 composed of a plurality of foamed layers 14 stacked along the natural ground 60, and the waterproof sheet 16 arranged along the side of each foamed layer 14. According to the manufacturing method of the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the width of each urethane layer 14 can be reduced by using the waste material 52 as a formation base for the foamed layer 14, so that the capacity of the waste disposal site 50 can be increased by using the slope structure 10B as a side wall of the waste disposal site 50. In addition, the amount of foam material used to form the foamed layer 14 is reduced, so that costs can be reduced.

[0027] Third embodiment As shown in FIG. 5, the slope structure 10C according to the third embodiment includes a lightweight embankment 12 formed by stacking foam layers 14 and a waterproof sheet 16 arranged along the side of the foam layer 14. The slope structure 10C according to the third embodiment constitutes the side wall of the waste disposal site 50. That is, it can be said that the side wall of the waste disposal site 50 is composed of the foam layer 14. Here, the third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in that the slope structure 10C is formed along the natural ground 60 on which a crib work for protecting the slope is performed by crib frames 62 arranged above, below, left and right. The slope structure 10C according to the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the configuration of the natural ground 60, but the other configurations and manufacturing method are the same as those of the first embodiment, so that the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are assigned to the configurations having the same functions and the description thereof is omitted. And, even the slope structure 10C according to the third embodiment achieves the same action and effect as the first embodiment.

[0028] (Example of change) The present invention is not limited to the above, and may be, for example, as follows: Note that the present invention is not limited to the specific descriptions of the embodiment and the following modified examples. (1) In the embodiment, the upper end of the waterproof sheet is sandwiched between two foam layers, but this is not limited to the above. Instead of or in addition to the upper end of the waterproof sheet, other parts of the waterproof sheet, such as the side ends or lower ends, or the middle parts at the top, bottom, left and right, may be sandwiched between two foam layers. (2) In the embodiment, the slope structure is applied to a waste disposal site. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this application. The slope structure of the present disclosure may be applied as a water barrier structure for rivers, ponds, etc. (3) In the embodiment, a waste disposal site is illustrated in which a slope structure having multiple foam layers is used as a side wall, but this is not limited thereto, and the side wall of the waste disposal site may be formed from a single foam layer. [Explanation of symbols]

[0029] 10A, 10B, 10C slope structure, 12 lightweight embankment, 14 foam layer, 16 waterproof sheet, 50 Waste disposal site, 52 Waste, 60 Natural ground

Claims

1. Lightweight embankment formed by stacking foam layers, A waterproof sheet is disposed along a side surface of the foam layer, A slope structure in which a portion of the waterproof sheet is sandwiched between two of the foam layers.

2. 2. The slope structure according to claim 1, which is a side wall of a waste disposal site.

3. A waste disposal site, the side walls of which are foam layers.

4. 4. The waste disposal site of claim 3, wherein said foam layer is made of polyurethane.

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