Stator, motor, and drone

Abstract

To provide a stator in which arrangement of a crossover line and a drawing line is simplified to improve the workability of producing the stator and improve the occupation ratio.SOLUTION: A stator is for a multi-phase motor. Winding wires are classified as phase winding wires corresponding to respective phases of the multiple phases. Each of the phase winding wires includes a plurality of wound portions wound around teeth, a crossover wire connecting the wound portions, and a start end and a terminal end which are both drawn terminals of the phase winding wire. The start and terminal ends are drawn from any one of slots in a drawing portion. At least one of the phase winding wires includes a first wound portion wound around a tooth on one side in a circumferential direction relative to the drawing portion, a second wound portion wound around a tooth on the other side in the circumferential direction relative to the drawing portion, and a first crossover wire connecting the first wound portion and the second wound portion on one side in the axis direction of the drawing portion. On the one side in the axis direction of the drawing portion, the first crossover wire is at least partially disposed radially outside in at least a part of the start end and the terminal end of each of the phase winding wires.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a stator, a motor, and a drone. [Background technology]

[0002] A conventional stator is disclosed in Patent Document 1. This stator is a stator for a polyphase motor in which a winding is wound around a stator core, and includes an annular core back, a plurality of teeth extending radially from the core back and arranged in the circumferential direction, and slots formed between adjacent teeth, and the winding is divided into phase windings corresponding to each of the polyphases. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2000-188839 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the stator disclosed in the above-mentioned patent document, when the start and end portions of the phase windings are pulled out collectively, for example, from adjacent slots, in order to improve assembly, there is a concern that the crossover wires connecting the winding portions and the pull-out wires pulling out the start and end portions may become long, particularly in the last phase winding. If the crossover wires or pull-out wires are long, not only will their arrangement be difficult, deteriorating workability, but there is also a concern that the space factor, which is the ratio of the winding portions to the slots, will decrease.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to improve the workability of stator fabrication by facilitating the arrangement of crossover wires and lead wires, and to improve the space factor. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A stator according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a stator for a multi-phase motor, and includes a lead-out portion consisting of one or a plurality of adjacent slots. The winding is divided into phase windings corresponding to each of the multi-phase phases, and each of the phase windings includes a plurality of winding portions wound around the teeth, a crossover wire connecting the winding portions, and a start end and a finish end from which both ends of the phase winding are drawn out, and each of the start end and the finish end of the phase winding is drawn out from one of the slots of the lead-out portion. At least one of the phase windings includes a first winding portion wound around a tooth on one circumferential side of the lead-out portion, a second winding portion wound around a tooth on the other circumferential side of the lead-out portion, and a first crossover wire connecting between the first winding portion and the second winding portion on one axial side of the lead-out portion, and at least a portion of the first crossover wire is disposed radially outward of at least a portion of each of the start end and the finish end of the phase winding on one axial side of the lead-out portion. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present disclosure, the arrangement of crossover wires and lead wires can be simplified, improving the workability of stator fabrication and improving the space factor. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the indication of teeth and slots in an explanatory diagram (FIG. 2) showing a winding pattern of a stator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a winding pattern of the stator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this specification, the direction parallel to the central axis of the motor is referred to as the "axial direction", the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the motor is referred to as the "radial direction", and the direction along the arc centered on the central axis of the motor is referred to as the "circumferential direction". In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference symbols and descriptions will not be repeated.

[0010] The drone has a propeller and a motor, and the motor rotates the propeller around a central axis. The motor has a rotor and a stator, and the rotor includes a shaft, a rotor holder, and a rotor magnet. The shaft is columnar forming a rotation axis extending along the central axis, and is supported by bearings so as to be rotatable around the central axis. The rotor holder is fixed to the shaft and has a cylindrical shape with a lid, and the rotor magnet is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rotor holder and disposed facing the radial outside of the stator. When the motor is driven, torque is generated between the stator and the rotor magnet. The rotor holder may have a lid-shaped hub fixed to the shaft and a cylindrical back iron extending in the axial direction at the radial outer edge of the hub. The motor is an outer rotor type motor.

[0011] The stator is disposed radially opposite the rotor. The stator is a stator for a polyphase motor having a stator core wound with a winding, and includes an annular core back, a plurality of teeth T extending radially from the core back and arranged in the circumferential direction, and slots S formed between adjacent teeth T.

[0012] The core back is formed in an annular shape around the central axis and is made of laminated steel plates. The teeth T extend radially outward from the core back and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. This forms the stator for an outer rotor type motor.

[0013] The windings are divided into phase windings corresponding to each phase of the polyphase motor, and each phase winding includes a plurality of winding portions wound around the teeth T, jumper wires connecting the winding portions, and a start end and a finish end from which both ends of the phase winding are pulled out.

[0014] In the winding section, the phase winding is wound around the teeth T for multiple turns, but the boundary between the winding section and the crossover wire is defined as follows. In the first turn in which the phase winding is wound around the teeth T, the section up to the point where the phase winding protrudes axially from the slot S is the crossover wire, and the section from the point where the phase winding is disposed in the slot S onwards is the winding section. In addition, in the last turn in which the phase winding is wound around the teeth T, the winding section is defined as the section up to the point where the phase winding is disposed in the slot S, and the section from the point where the phase winding protrudes axially from the slot S onwards is the crossover wire. In other words, the boundary between the winding section and the crossover wire is defined by the axial end face of the stator core. Here, it is assumed that there is no crossover wire between the winding sections in which the phase winding is wound continuously around adjacent teeth T.

[0015] The stator further includes a lead-out section L consisting of one or a plurality of adjacent slots S, and the start end and end terminal of each of the phase windings are led out from one of the slots S of the lead-out section L. Each of the phase windings includes a lead-out wire connecting between the winding portion and the start end, and a lead-out wire connecting between the winding portion and the end terminal.

[0016] The boundary between the winding portion and the lead-out wire is as follows: In the first turn of the phase winding wound around the teeth T, the portion up to the point where the phase winding protrudes axially from the slot S is the lead-out wire, and the portion after the point where the phase winding is disposed in the slot S is the winding portion. Also, in the last turn of the phase winding wound around the teeth T, the portion up to the point where the phase winding is disposed in the slot S is the winding portion, and the portion after the point where the phase winding protrudes axially from the slot S is the lead-out wire. In other words, the boundary between the winding portion and the lead-out wire is defined by the axial end face of the stator core.

[0017] The crossover wires and lead-out wires are arranged to suppress sagging by appropriately combining extending circumferentially on one axial side of the stator core, extending axially within the slots S, and extending circumferentially on the other axial side of the stator core. If the crossover wires and lead-out wires extend axially within the slots S many times, the crossover wires and lead-out wires will be long, which will deteriorate the workability of stator fabrication and the space factor, which is the ratio of the winding portion to the slots S.

[0018] The lead-out portion L is made up of one or multiple adjacent slots S, so that the windings drawn from the stator can be consolidated. This simplifies the wiring for connecting the windings drawn from the stator or the lead wires connected to the windings drawn from the starter to other components such as a board, and improves workability. For example, in a drone, an arm-shaped portion extends from the main body, and a propeller and a motor that drives the propeller are disposed at the tip of the arm-shaped portion. By consolidating the windings drawn from the stator or the lead wires connected to the windings drawn from the starter, it becomes easy to incorporate the wiring in the arm-shaped portion.

[0019] On the other hand, if the lead-out portion L is made up of one slot or multiple adjacent slots S and the start and end portions of the phase windings are pulled out collectively, the circumferential width of the crossover wires and lead-out wires will increase and the number of times the crossover wires and lead-out wires extend in the axial direction within the slots S will increase, raising concerns that the crossover wires and lead-out wires will become longer. In particular, if the crossover wires and lead-out wires of the last phase winding are long, it will be difficult to arrange them.

[0020] Hereinafter, a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described for a stator of a three-phase motor having phases U, V, and W. The windings are divided into a first phase winding corresponding to the U phase, a second phase winding corresponding to the V phase, and a third phase winding corresponding to the W phase. However, the motor is not limited to three phases, and may be multi-phase other than three phases.

[0021] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the display of teeth T and slots S in an explanatory diagram (FIG. 2) showing a winding pattern of a stator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a winding pattern of a stator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a state in which teeth T1 to T12 arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction are linearly developed and viewed from the radial outside toward the central axis. Slots S1 to S12 consisting of spaces are formed between adjacent teeth T1 to T12. For example, a slot S1 is formed between teeth T1 and T2, and a slot S2 is formed between teeth T2 and T3. The same is true for the subsequent teeth T and slots S, and a slot S12 is formed between teeth T12 and teeth T1. In FIG. 1, the slots S1 to S12 are represented by a rectangle with a symbol, and the teeth T1 to T2 are represented by the sides of the rectangle with a symbol. Also, in FIG. 2, for the sake of simplification, rectangles with numbers corresponding to the symbols of the slots S1 to S12 are shown to indicate the positions of the slots S and the teeth T, and the symbols of the teeth T are omitted.

[0022] Each phase winding is pulled out to one axial side of the stator core (the lower side in Figs. 1 and 2) from the pull-out portion L. Also, for each tooth T, when viewed from the radial outside, the phase winding wound clockwise is indicated as CW (clockwise) and the phase winding wound counterclockwise is indicated as CCW (counterclockwise).

[0023] The lead-out section L is made up of three adjacent slots, slot S8, slot S9, and slot S10. The starting end of the first phase winding is led out from slot S10, and the terminal end of the first phase winding is led out from slot S9. The starting end of the second phase winding is led out from slot S9, and the terminal end of the second phase winding is led out from slot S8. The starting end of the third phase winding is led out from slot S8, and the terminal end of the third phase winding is led out from slot S10. Here, the winding start and winding end positions of the phase windings of each phase may be interchanged, in other words, the starting end and the terminal end may be interchanged.

[0024] In the first embodiment, the lead-out portion L is composed of a plurality of adjacent slots S, and the phase winding is led out from all of the slots S of the lead-out portion L. However, the lead-out portion L may be composed of a single slot S, or may include slots S from which no phase winding is led out between the slots S from which the phase winding is led out.

[0025] In the first embodiment, the stator is a stator for a three-phase motor in which three phase windings are connected by delta connection, and the lead-out portion L is composed of three adjacent slots S. The third phase winding includes a first winding portion C1 wound around a tooth T on one circumferential side of the lead-out portion L, a second winding portion wound around a tooth T on the other circumferential side of the lead-out portion L, and a first crossover wire connecting the first winding portion C1 and the second winding portion C2 on one axial side of the lead-out portion L. The third phase winding further includes a winding portion wound around a tooth T adjacent to the tooth T around which the first winding portion C1 is wound, and a winding portion wound around a tooth T adjacent to the tooth T around which the second winding portion C2 is wound. In this way, the circumferential width between the winding portion and the lead-out portion L of the third phase winding can be reduced, and the lead-out wire of the third phase winding can be shortened.

[0026] The starting end and the terminal end of the third phase winding are each drawn out one by one from either of two slots S on both circumferential sides of the lead-out portion L. The starting end and the terminal end of the first phase winding are each drawn out one by one from either of two slots S on the other circumferential side of the lead-out portion L, and the starting end and the terminal end of the second phase winding are each drawn out one by one from either of two slots S on one circumferential side of the lead-out portion L. This makes it easy to make a delta connection.

[0027] The first phase winding corresponding to the U phase has a starting end drawn out from the slot S10 to one axial side of the stator core, and a drawn-out wire extends axially within the slot S10 and circumferentially from the slot S10 to the slot S12 on the other axial side of the stator core. The drawn-out wire extends axially within the slot S12 and circumferentially from the slot S12 to the slot S1 on the one axial side of the stator core, and connects to a winding section in which the first phase winding is wound around the tooth T2. The winding section is formed by winding the first phase winding around the tooth T2 in Z turns CW (clockwise), and then the winding section is formed by winding the first phase winding around the tooth T3 in Z turns CCW (counterclockwise). Here, Z turns refers to the number of turns in the winding section, and the number of turns Z is a predetermined natural number. The crossover wire drawn out from the slot S2 extends circumferentially to the slot S4 on one axial side of the stator core. The crossover wire extends axially in the slots S4, S5, and S6, extends circumferentially from the slot S5 to the slot S6 on one axial side of the stator core, and extends circumferentially from the slot S4 to the slot S5 and from the slot S6 to the slot S7 on the other axial side of the stator core, and connects to a winding portion in which the first phase winding is wound on the tooth T8. After the first phase winding is wound around the tooth T8 in Z turns CCW (counterclockwise) to form a winding portion, the first phase winding is continuously wound around the tooth T9 in Z turns CW (clockwise) to form a winding portion. The end portion of the first phase winding is drawn out from the slot S9 to one axial side of the stator core.

[0028] The second phase winding corresponding to the V phase has a starting end drawn out from the slot S9 to one axial side of the stator core. The second phase winding is wound around the tooth T10 in Z turns CW (clockwise) to form a winding section, and then the second phase winding is wound around the tooth T11 in Z turns CCW (counterclockwise) to form a winding section. The crossover wire drawn out from the slot S10 extends circumferentially to the slot S12 on one axial side of the stator core. The crossover wire extends axially in the slots S12, S1, and S2, extends circumferentially from the slot S1 to the slot S2 on one axial side of the stator core, and extends circumferentially from the slot S12 to the slot S1 and from the slot S2 to the slot S3 on the other axial side of the stator core, and connects to the winding section where the second phase winding is wound around the tooth T4. The second phase winding is wound around the tooth T4 in a counterclockwise (CCW) direction to form a winding portion, and then the second phase winding is wound around the tooth T5 in a clockwise (CW) direction to form a winding portion. The lead wire drawn out from the slot S4 extends circumferentially to the slot S6 on the other axial side of the stator core. The lead wire extends axially in the slots S6, S7, and S8, extends circumferentially from the slot S6 to the slot S7 on one axial side of the stator core, and extends circumferentially from the slot S7 to the slot S8 on the other axial side of the stator core. The end of the second phase winding is drawn out from the slot S8 to one axial side of the stator core.

[0029] The third phase winding corresponding to the W phase has a starting end drawn out from the slot S8 to one axial side of the stator core. The drawn-out wire extends in the axial direction within the slot S8, and on the other axial side of the stator core, extends circumferentially from the slot S8 to the slot S6, and connects to a winding section in which the third phase winding is wound around the tooth T7. The third phase winding is wound around the tooth T7 in a counterclockwise (CCW) direction to form a winding section, and then the third phase winding is wound around the tooth T6 in a clockwise (CW) direction to form a winding section. The crossover wire drawn out from the slot S6 extends circumferentially to the slot S12 on one axial side of the stator core, and connects to a winding section in which the third phase winding is wound around the tooth T12. The third phase winding is wound around tooth T12 in a counterclockwise (CCW) direction to form a winding portion, and then the third phase winding is wound around tooth T1 in a clockwise (CW) direction to form a winding portion. The lead wire drawn out from slot S12 extends circumferentially to slot S10 on the other axial side of the stator core, and extends axially within slot S10. The end of the third phase winding is drawn out from slot S10 to one axial side of the stator core.

[0030] Here, the third phase winding, which is wound last, includes a first winding portion C1 wound around the tooth T6 on one circumferential side of the lead-out portion L, which are slots S8, S9, and S10, and a second winding portion C2 wound around the tooth T12 on the other circumferential side of the lead-out portion L. It further includes a first crossover wire B that extends circumferentially from the slot S6 to the slot S12 on one axial side of the stator core and connects between the first winding portion C1 and the second winding portion C2. Here, the first crossover wire B does not extend axially within the slot S, in other words, it does not include a portion disposed on the other side of the stator core, and extends circumferentially from the slot S6 to the slot S12 on one axial side of the stator core.

[0031] As a result, the crossover wires and lead wires of the third phase winding can be shortened, which makes it easier to arrange the crossover wires and lead wires, improving the workability of stator fabrication and improving the space factor, which is the ratio of the winding portion to the slot S.

[0032] Here, at least a part of the first crossover wire B is disposed radially outside at least a part of the start and end of each of the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding on one axial side of the lead-out portion L. This makes it possible to prevent the first crossover wire B from being positioned radially inside when it extends circumferentially from the slot S6 to the slot S12 on one axial side of the stator core. At this time, an exposed portion, which is a portion where the steel plate of the core back is exposed in the axial direction, can be secured on the radial inside of the core back, and by pressing the exposed portion of the core back during assembly, the stator core can be press-fitted into other components with high dimensional accuracy. In addition, it is possible to prevent the first crossover wire B from being positioned radially inside the insulating material disposed on the teeth on one axial side of the stator core, and as a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a voltage resistance defect.

[0033] In a more preferred embodiment, all of the start and end portions of the first, second, and third phase windings are drawn out from slots S of the draw-out portion L on the radially inner side of the first crossover wire B. This more reliably prevents the first crossover wire B from being positioned radially inner when it extends circumferentially from slot S6 to slot S12 on one axial side of the stator core.

[0034] In the above, the case of a motor having 12 slots S has been described. In the case of a motor having N slots S, the slot S at which the first crossover wire B is connected to the second winding section C2 is the M-th slot S in the other circumferential direction from the slot S at which the first winding section C1 is connected to the first crossover wire B, where M is equal to or greater than N / 2. For example, in the case of a motor having 24 slots S, the slot S at which the first crossover wire B is connected to the second winding section C2 is the 12th slot S in the other circumferential direction from the slot S at which the first winding section C1 is connected to the first crossover wire B. As in the case of the above-mentioned 12 slots S, in the case of the 24 slots S, the first crossover wire B is arranged on one axial side of the stator core over a half circumference, so that the crossover wire of the phase winding including the first crossover wire B can be shortened.

[0035] The motor may include the stator of the first embodiment, and may further include a rotor that faces the stator in the radial direction and rotates around the central axis. In this case, the workability of manufacturing the motor can be improved, and the power consumption of the motor can be reduced. The drone may include such a motor, and may further include a propeller that is fixed to the rotor and rotates around the central axis. In this case, the workability of manufacturing the drone can be improved, and the power consumption of the drone can be reduced.

[0036] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings. However, the above embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be implemented in various aspects without departing from the gist of the present invention. The drawings are mainly schematic illustrations of each component for ease of understanding, and the thickness, length, number, etc. of each component shown in the drawings are different from the actual ones due to the convenience of drawing. In addition, the material, shape, dimensions, etc. of each component shown in the above embodiments are only examples, and are not particularly limited, and various modifications are possible within a range that does not substantially deviate from the effects of the present disclosure. The configuration of the embodiment may be appropriately modified within a range that does not exceed the technical idea of ​​the present disclosure. In addition, the embodiments may be implemented in combination within a possible range.

[0037] The present technology can also adopt the following configuration.

[0038] (1) A stator for a polyphase motor having a winding wound around a stator core, An annular core back; A plurality of teeth extending radially from the core back and arranged in a circumferential direction; a slot formed between adjacent teeth; and a drawer portion comprising one or a plurality of adjacent slots, The windings are divided into phase windings corresponding to each of the multiple phases, Each of the phase windings comprises: A plurality of winding portions wound around the teeth; A crossover wire connecting the winding portions; a start end portion and a finish end portion from which both ends of the phase winding are drawn out, the starting end and the ending end of each of the phase windings are pulled out from any of the slots of the pull-out portion, At least one of the phase windings is a first winding portion wound around the tooth on one circumferential side of the lead portion; a second winding portion wound around the tooth on the other circumferential side of the lead portion; a first crossover wire connecting the first winding portion and the second winding portion on one axial side of the pull-out portion, At least a portion of the first crossover wire, On one axial side of the pull-out portion, A stator disposed radially outward of at least a portion of the beginning and end portions of each of the phase windings. (2) The stator according to (1), wherein all of the starting end and the ending end of each of the phase windings are drawn out radially inward of the first crossover wire. (3) N slots; The slot where the first crossover wire connects to the second winding portion is The stator according to (1) or (2), wherein the first winding portion is an Mth slot from the slot connected to the first crossover wire toward the other circumferential direction, where M is N / 2 or more. (4) A stator for a three-phase motor in which the phase windings are connected by a delta connection, the windings are divided into a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding corresponding to each of the three phases, The withdrawal portion comprises three adjacent slots; the starting end and the ending end of the first phase winding are drawn out from either of two slots on one circumferential side of the drawn-out portion, the starting end and the ending end of the second phase winding are drawn out from one of two slots on the other circumferential side of the drawn-out portion, the third phase winding includes the first crossover wire; The stator according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the starting end and the terminal end of the third phase winding are drawn out from either of two slots on both circumferential sides of the drawn-out portion. (5) A motor comprising: the stator according to any one of (1) to (4); and a rotor that is radially opposed to the stator and rotates about a central axis. (6) A drone comprising the motor described in (5) and a propeller fixed to the rotor and rotating around a central axis. [Industrial Applicability]

[0039] The present invention can be used, for example, in motors for drones. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] T···Teeth T1~T12... Teeth S···Slot S1~S12... Slots L...Drawer section C1: First winding C2: Second winding B: First crossover

Claims

1. A stator for a polyphase motor having a winding wound around a stator core, An annular core back; A plurality of teeth extending radially from the core back and arranged in a circumferential direction; a slot formed between adjacent teeth; and a drawer portion comprising one or a plurality of adjacent slots, The windings are divided into phase windings corresponding to each of the multiple phases, Each of the phase windings comprises: A plurality of winding portions wound around the teeth; A crossover wire connecting the winding portions; a start end portion and a finish end portion from which both ends of the phase winding are drawn out, the starting end and the ending end of each of the phase windings are pulled out from any of the slots of the pull-out portion, At least one of the phase windings is a first winding portion wound around the tooth on one circumferential side of the lead portion; a second winding portion wound around the tooth on the other circumferential side of the lead portion; a first crossover wire connecting the first winding portion and the second winding portion on one axial side of the pull-out portion, At least a portion of the first crossover wire is On one axial side of the pull-out portion, A stator disposed radially outward of at least a portion of the beginning and end portions of each of the phase windings.

2. The stator according to claim 1 , wherein all of the start end and the end end of each of the phase windings are drawn out radially inward of the first crossover wire.

3. N slots, The slot where the first jumper wire connects to the second winding portion is 2. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the first winding portion is an Mth slot in the other circumferential direction from the slot connected to the first crossover wire, where M is equal to or greater than N / 2.

4. A stator for a three-phase motor in which the phase windings are connected in a delta connection, the windings are divided into a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding corresponding to each of the three phases, The drawer portion comprises three adjacent slots; the starting end and the ending end of the first phase winding are drawn out from either of two slots on one circumferential side of the drawn-out portion, the starting end and the ending end of the second phase winding are drawn out from one of two slots on the other circumferential side of the drawn-out portion, the third phase winding includes the first crossover wire; The stator according to claim 1 , wherein the starting end and the terminal end of the third phase winding are drawn out from either of two slots on both circumferential sides of the drawn-out portion.

5. A motor comprising: the stator according to any one of claims 1 to 4; and a rotor that is radially opposed to the stator and rotates about a central axis.

6. A drone comprising: the motor according to claim 5; and a propeller fixed to the rotor and rotating about a central axis.

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