Woven fabric

Abstract

To provide a woven fabric excellent in wearing comfort, which has air-permeability while maintaining sufficient strength and has moderate quick-drying properties in addition to water-absorbing properties.SOLUTION: In a woven fabric having a surface not subjected to a water-repellent finish, whose warp and weft yarns are a spun yarn containing 20 mass% or more of a cellulosic fiber and having an English cotton count of 10 to 30 and a twist coefficient K of 4.0 to 12, two or more paralleled warp yarns and two or more paralleled weft yarns cross each other in two or more places / 2.54 cm×2.54 cm.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a woven fabric whose surface is not treated with a water repellent finish. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, woven fabrics with excellent quick-drying properties and excellent strength have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a woven fabric using spun yarn containing flame-retardant synthetic fiber and cellulosic fiber has a specific number of intersections between two or more parallel warp yarns and two or more parallel weft yarns, and the fabric is given a water-repellent treatment on the surface, which provides a woven fabric with excellent quick-drying properties and abrasion resistance due to moderate water absorption and moisture absorption that are not too high, in addition to flame retardancy. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2021-161542 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, the woven fabric of Patent Document 1 has excellent strength and quick-drying properties, but has poor water absorption properties because the entire surface is treated with a water-repellent finish, and the woven fabric itself has a certain thickness in order to impart flame retardancy, so breathability is not taken into consideration. Therefore, when wearing clothes using the woven fabric, there are problems in that it is unable to absorb sweat sufficiently and has insufficient breathability, making it less comfortable to wear, especially in hot summer environments.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional technology as described above, and to provide a woven fabric which has water absorbency as well as appropriate quick-drying properties, is breathable while maintaining sufficient strength, and is comfortable to wear. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The inventors have discovered that the above object can be achieved by not applying a water-repellent treatment to the woven fabric, by using spun yarns that contain specific amounts of cellulosic fibers as the warp and weft yarns and that satisfy specific counts and twist coefficients K, and by using spun yarns with a specific weave structure, and have thus completed the present invention.

[0007] That is, the present invention relates to the following (1) to (9). (1) A woven fabric whose surface is not treated with a water-repellent treatment, the warp and weft yarns being spun yarns containing 20% ​​by mass or more of cellulosic fibers, having a British cotton count of 10 to 30, and having a twist coefficient K of 4.0 to 12; The woven fabric has two or more intersections (2.54cm x 2.54cm or more) between two or more warp threads pulled together and two or more weft threads pulled together. (2) The fabric according to (1), wherein the warp and weft yarns are ply-twisted yarns of a plurality of yarns, the ply-twisted yarns having an English cotton count of 10 to 30 and a twist coefficient K of the upper twist of 4.0 to 12. (3) The air permeability measured according to JIS L 1096:2010 8.26 1A method (Fragile method) is 20 cm 3 / cm 2 / sec or more. (4) The fabric according to (1) or (2), having a water absorption rate of 40 seconds or less as measured by the drop method according to ISO 17617 A1. (5) A woven fabric according to (1) or (2) having a tensile strength in the warp direction of 700 N or more and a tear strength of 18.5 N or more. (6) A fabric according to (1) or (2), having a drying time of 45 minutes or less as measured according to ISO 17617 A1 method. (7) A woven fabric according to (1) or (2), in which the warp threads are finer (thinner) than the weft threads. (8) The woven fabric according to (1) or (2), wherein the warp and weft spun yarns contain cellulosic fibers and flame-retardant synthetic fibers, and the mass ratio of (cellulosic fibers):(flame-retardant synthetic fibers) is 20:80 to 60:40. (9) A woven fabric according to (1) or (2) having a multi-layer structure. Effect of the Invention

[0008] The woven fabric of the present invention has excellent water absorption and moderate quick-drying properties because the surface of the woven fabric is not subjected to a water-repellent treatment, and has breathability while maintaining sufficient strength, making it possible to provide clothes and the like that are excellent in wear comfort. Furthermore, by containing flame-retardant synthetic fibers in addition to cellulosic fibers in the spun yarn, it is possible to obtain a woven fabric that also has excellent flame retardancy. Therefore, the woven fabric of the present invention can be used for various purposes such as industrial materials and clothing that requires flame retardancy. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing one embodiment (butcher weave) of the weave of the fabric of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing one embodiment (lip weave) of the weave of the fabric of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the weave structure of the fabric of the present invention (warp double weave fabric), as viewed from the back side of the fabric. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the weave structure (lip structure) of the fabric obtained in Example 1. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the weave structure (lip structure) of the fabric obtained in Example 3. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the weave structure (lip structure) of the fabric obtained in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] The present invention will be described in detail below. The woven fabric of the present invention uses spun yarns for the warp and weft that contain 20% by mass or more of cellulosic fibers, have a British cotton count of 10 to 30, and have a twist coefficient K of 4.0 to 12.

[0011] The cellulose-based fiber is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include natural cellulose fibers such as cotton and hemp, and regenerated cellulose fibers such as viscose rayon and solvent-spun cellulose fibers. Of these, it is preferable to use cotton because of its high strength, particularly when wet.

[0012] Examples of cotton include American cotton, Australian cotton, Brazilian cotton, Indian cotton, Egyptian cotton, Chinese cotton, Greek cotton, etc. Two or more kinds of such cottons may be mixed and used.

[0013] The single yarn fineness of the cellulose fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 3.0 dtex from the viewpoints of spinnability, strength, etc. If it is less than 0.5 dtex, the strength may be poor, and if it exceeds 3.0 dtex, the number of cotton fibers that can be used for spinning may decrease, causing problems in spinnability. The fiber length of the cellulose fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 100 mm from the viewpoint of spinnability. If it is less than 20 mm, the length of the entangled yarn may be insufficient, resulting in insufficient spinnability, and if it exceeds 100 mm, it may become difficult to perform drawing, etc., and the spinnability may instead be insufficient.

[0014] The content of cellulosic fibers in the spun yarn is 20% by mass or more, preferably 30% by mass or more, and more preferably 45% by mass or more. Since cellulose fibers themselves have water absorption and hygroscopic properties, in the present invention, by including 20% ​​by mass or more in the spun yarn, it is possible to impart water absorption to the woven fabric. The upper limit of the content is not limited, and the warp and weft may be composed of only cellulosic fibers (i.e., 100% by mass of cellulosic fibers), but may also contain fibers other than cellulosic fibers (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as second fibers). In the present invention, when the woven fabric is flame retardant, the content of cellulosic fibers may be 60% by mass or less, and the remainder may be flame retardant synthetic fibers described later.

[0015] The second fiber may include at least one of synthetic and semi-synthetic fibers. Examples of synthetic fibers include polyester, polyamide (nylon), acrylic, polyolefin, para-aramid, meta-aramid, polyarylate, etc. Examples of semi-synthetic fibers include cellulosic semi-synthetic fibers such as diacetate and triacetate.

[0016] Furthermore, by using a flame-retardant synthetic fiber as the second fiber, the woven fabric of the present invention can be made flame-retardant (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a flame-retardant woven fabric). The flame-retardant synthetic fiber is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include flame-retardant vinylon fiber, flame-retardant rayon, flame-retardant acrylic fiber, flame-retardant polyester fiber, meta-aramid fiber, para-aramid fiber, polyparaphenylenebenzoxazole fiber, polybenzimidazole fiber, polyimide fiber, polyetherimide fiber, polyamideimide fiber, carbon fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, modacrylic fiber, melamine fiber, fluorine fiber, etc. Among these, flame-retardant vinylon fiber (sometimes referred to as flame-retardant vinylon fiber in the present invention) is preferable because it has excellent flame retardancy and abrasion strength, is more excellent in water absorption and moisture absorption, and is furthermore advantageous in terms of safety of combustion gas and cost.

[0017] The flame-retardant synthetic fiber preferably has a LOI (limiting oxygen index) value, which is an index of flame retardancy and is measured by JIS L1091 E method, of 25 or more, and more preferably 26 or more.

[0018] The single yarn fineness of the flame-retardant synthetic fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 3 dtex from the viewpoints of spinnability, strength, etc. If it is less than 0.5 dtex, the strength may be poor, and if it exceeds 3 dtex, the number of cotton fibers that can be used for spinning may decrease, causing problems in spinnability. The fiber length of the flame-retardant synthetic fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 100 mm from the viewpoint of spinnability. If it is less than 20 mm, the length of the entangled yarn may not be sufficient, resulting in insufficient spinnability. On the other hand, if it exceeds 100 mm, it becomes difficult to apply drawing, etc., and the spinnability may instead be insufficient.

[0019] When a spun yarn containing flame-retardant synthetic fibers and cellulosic fibers is produced, the mass ratio of the flame-retardant synthetic fibers to the cellulosic fibers is preferably (flame-retardant synthetic fibers):(cellulosic fibers)=80:20 to 40:60, more preferably 70:30 to 50:50. By setting the mass ratio within the above range, the yarn can have excellent flame retardancy in addition to water absorption, hygroscopicity, and strength. Moreover, it is particularly preferable to use cotton as the cellulosic fiber because of its strength, especially when wet. The flame retardant properties of the flame retardant fabric will be described in detail later.

[0020] The spun yarns used for the warp and weft may be single yarns or double-twisted yarns made of two or more single yarns twisted together. As will be described later in this invention, the strength of the woven fabric is increased and the fabric is made breathable by increasing the number of twists of the spun yarns so as to satisfy a specific range. Therefore, from the viewpoint of further increasing the strength of the woven fabric, it is preferable to use double-twisted yarns, and it is more preferable to use two-ply yarns made of two single yarns twisted together.

[0021] The number of the spun yarn used for the warp and weft is 10 to 30 in British cotton count, and more preferably 12 to 25. If the number is less than 10, the woven fabric will be too thick, the weight will increase, and the comfort when worn will be poor. On the other hand, if the number is more than 30, the woven fabric will be too thin, and the tensile strength and tear strength may be poor, and the flammability classification may be low when it is made into a flame-retardant fabric. The spun yarn of the present invention may be a single yarn, a two-ply yarn, or a three-ply yarn, but the total fineness must be 10 to 30.

[0022] In the present invention, it is further preferable that the warp and weft spun yarns are spun yarns of different thicknesses. By using spun yarns of different thicknesses, more voids are formed between the spun yarns when the woven fabric is made, and the breathability of the woven fabric can be improved. On the other hand, the strength of the woven fabric tends to decrease when a fine-count (thin yarn) spun yarn is used, but in the present invention, by using a specific weaving structure described later, it is possible to prevent the strength of the woven fabric from decreasing even if either the warp or weft yarn is a fine-count yarn. The combination may be either one in which the warp yarn is a spun yarn having a finer count than the weft yarn, or one in which the weft yarn is a spun yarn having a finer count than the warp yarn, but from the standpoint of productivity and cost, it is preferable that the warp yarn is a spun yarn having a finer count than the weft yarn. More specifically, it is preferable that the warp spun yarn (single yarn or ply-twisted yarn) has a British cotton count of 20 to 30, and the weft spun yarn (single yarn or ply-twisted yarn) has a British cotton count of 10 to 20, and that the warp spun yarn has a finer count than the weft spun yarn.

[0023] The present invention is characterized in that the twist of the spun yarn is strengthened (to make it a strong twist yarn) to give the yarn a tightness, which forms gaps between the fibers when woven into a fabric and has a specific weave structure, thereby making it possible to achieve both excellent breathability and sufficient strength. Therefore, the spun yarn of the present invention needs to satisfy a specific range of twist coefficient K.

[0024] The spun warp and weft yarns in the present invention have a twist coefficient K of 4.0 to 12, more preferably 5.0 to 11, and even more preferably 7.0 to 10. When the twist coefficient K falls within the above range, the spun warp and weft yarns become tightly twisted yarns. If the twist coefficient K is less than 4.0, the yarn is not tight enough, resulting in poor strength, and when woven, the gaps between the fibers are small, which may result in poor breathability, water absorption, and quick-drying properties. On the other hand, if the twist coefficient K is greater than 12, the yarn is too tightly packed, resulting in reduced tensile strength and tear strength, and a hard texture, which is not preferable. The twist coefficient K is calculated using the following formula. Twist factor K = number of twists (twists / 2.54 cm) / √(British cotton count)

[0025] In the present invention, when a single yarn is used as the spun yarn, the twist coefficient K of the single yarn may be within the above range, and the single yarn may be additionally twisted so that the total twist coefficient K satisfies the above range. When a doubled yarn is used, the twist coefficient K of the first twist of the doubled yarn may be within the above range. In addition, the twist of the first twist of the doubled yarn does not need to be as strong as the first twist, and it is preferable that the twist coefficient K of the first twist satisfies 3.0 to 4.5.

[0026] The twist direction of the doubled yarn is not limited, but it is preferable that the second twist is in the opposite direction to the first twist. For example, a single yarn that has been first twisted with a Z twist can be second twisted with an S twist to form a two-ply yarn.

[0027] The woven fabric of the present invention may contain yarns other than the above-mentioned spun yarns, as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. Examples of such yarns include multifilaments made of synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyolefin fibers, and polyurethane fibers, and spun yarns made of natural fibers other than cellulosic fibers. In addition, conductive yarns may be contained as necessary. The yarns other than the spun yarns may be used alone, or may be used as composite yarns by plying and twisting with the spun yarn of the present invention or covering. When the woven fabric of the present invention is to be a flame-retardant fabric, it is preferable to use the yarns other than the spun yarn of the present invention as composite yarns with the spun yarn of the present invention in order to stably exhibit flame retardancy. As the conductive thread, synthetic fibers (conductive synthetic fibers) made of conductive polymers are preferred. A conductive polymer is a polymer obtained by blending conductive fine particles with a thermoplastic resin that is usually used to form fibers. Examples of conductive fine particles include conductive carbon black, metal powder, and metal compounds such as copper sulfide, zinc sulfide, and copper iodide, among which conductive carbon black is preferably used. There are no limitations on the part where the conductive thread is arranged in the woven fabric, but in order to make the conductive thread less noticeable from the outside, it is preferable to arrange it in a state where it is aligned together with two or more parallel warp or weft spun yarns. The mixing ratio of yarns other than the above-mentioned spun yarn is, for example, preferably 20% by mass or less, and more preferably 10% by mass or less.

[0028] The thickness of the woven fabric of the present invention is preferably 0.3 to 1.0 mm, and more preferably 0.4 to 0.8 mm. If the thickness exceeds 1.0 mm, the texture may be impaired, resulting in poor quality and comfort. On the other hand, if the thickness is less than 0.3 mm, the flame retardant woven fabric may have poor flame retardancy or may be prone to holes during burning.

[0029] In the woven fabric of the present invention, there are two or more crossing parts of the warp yarns, which are two or more paralleled, and the weft yarns, which are two or more paralleled, in an area of ​​2.54 cm x 2.54 cm or more. Among them, it is preferable that the crossing parts are three or more times 2.54 cm x 2.54 cm, and more preferably four or more times 2.54 cm x 2.54 cm. As described above, in the present invention, a high-twist spun yarn is used to improve breathability and quick-drying properties, but if voids are formed between the fibers of the woven fabric, the density of the woven fabric decreases accordingly, and the strength tends to decrease. Therefore, in order to suppress the decrease in strength of the woven fabric and to obtain sufficient tear strength, tensile strength, and abrasion strength, it is necessary to satisfy the above weave structure. The crossing parts are the parts indicated by the reference numeral 1 in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The number of threads to be aligned may be any combination, such as 2 warp threads x 2 weft threads, 2 warp threads x 3 weft threads, 3 warp threads x 2 weft threads, or 3 warp threads x 3 weft threads. From the viewpoint of ensuring sufficient strength of the woven fabric, however, 3 warp threads x 3 weft threads is preferable. In addition, when a composite yarn obtained by plying or covering the spun yarn of the present invention and a conductive yarn is used in the woven fabric of the present invention, the composite yarn is included in the spun yarn of the present invention. In other words, when two spun yarns and one composite yarn are aligned and used as a warp yarn, in the present invention, it is treated as a warp yarn of three aligned yarns.

[0030] The weave of the woven fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as there are at least two locations / 2.54 cm x 2.54 cm where the warp threads, which are two or more strands, and the weft threads, which are two or more strands, intersect. Examples of the weave include plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave, and the fabric may also be a multi-layer weave. Among them, from the viewpoint of improving the strength, it is preferable to use a multi-weave structure, and it is even more preferable to use a double-weave woven fabric of twill weave. In the present invention, by adopting a multi-weave structure, not only the strength is improved, but also the texture is improved and the cool feeling is improved. For example, it is preferable that the front structure of the double-weave fabric is twill weave, and the back structure is a structure that forms unevenness. In such a double-weave fabric, the front surface is smooth, while the back surface is in a state where the fabric and the skin surface are in point contact at the convex parts, so that the stickiness is suppressed when worn. In addition, the moisture absorbed on the back surface moves quickly to the front surface by capillary action, and the moisture diffusion property is further improved.

[0031] When the woven fabric of the present invention is a single layer woven fabric, the warp density (finished density) of the woven fabric is preferably 70 to 200 threads / 2.54 cm, more preferably 80 to 180 threads / 2.54 cm, and the weft density (finished density) of the woven fabric is preferably 40 to 100 threads / 2.54 cm, more preferably 50 to 80 threads / 2.54 cm.

[0032] In addition, when the woven fabric is a double-woven fabric, the warp density (finished density) of the front structure is preferably 90 to 200 threads / 2.54 cm, more preferably 100 to 180 threads / 2.54 cm. In addition, the weft density (finished density) of the woven fabric is preferably 40 to 100 threads / 2.54 cm, more preferably 50 to 80 threads / 2.54 cm. On the other hand, when the back structure is a double-woven warp fabric, it is preferable that the warp threads of the back structure are arranged at intervals of 1 for every 3 to 20 warp threads of the front structure, and the back warp density (finished density) is preferably 4 to 67 threads / 2.54 cm, more preferably 5 to 60 threads / 2.54 cm. Similarly, in the case of a weft double weft fabric, it is preferable to arrange the wefts of the back weft at intervals of 3 to 7 wefts of the front weft, and the back weft density (finishing density) is preferably 4 to 34 threads / 2.54 cm, and more preferably 5 to 27 threads / 2.54 cm. The warp threads of the back weft arranged at intervals of several warp threads of the front weft refer to the threads indicated by the reference symbol 2 in the weave structure exemplified in FIG. 3.

[0033] When the warp and weft densities of the front structure of a single-layered fabric or a double-woven fabric are within the above ranges, the fabric as a whole has an excellent balance between strength and breathability. Also, when the warp and weft densities of the back structure of a double-woven fabric are within the above ranges, appropriate unevenness is formed on the back surface of the fabric, and the fabric and the skin surface come into point contact at the convex parts, thereby suppressing stickiness.

[0034] The woven fabric of the present invention is not treated with a water-repellent treatment on the surface. The absence of a water-repellent treatment makes the woven fabric absorbent, and when used as clothing, it is possible to absorb sweat when sweating, and the fabric is less sticky and more comfortable to wear. When the surface of the woven fabric is not treated with a water-repellent treatment, it is expected that the absorbed moisture is more likely to be retained in the fibers, and the drying property (drying speed) is reduced, compared to when the surface of the woven fabric is treated with a water-repellent treatment. However, the woven fabric of the present invention uses a spun yarn of a high twist yarn having a specific count and twist coefficient K, which forms appropriate gaps between the fibers constituting the woven fabric, and the diffusion area of ​​moisture is expanded, making it easier for the absorbed moisture to diffuse without continuing to be retained. Therefore, the decrease in the drying speed is suppressed, and it is possible to achieve both appropriate water absorption and drying properties.

[0035] The woven fabric of the present invention has excellent breathability, and the performance of the fabric is indicated by the air permeability of 20 cm as measured according to JIS L 1096:2010 8.26 1A method (Fragile method). 3 / cm 2 / sec or more is preferable, and 23 cm 3 / cm 2 If the breathability is in the above range, the fabric will have excellent breathability when used as clothing, and therefore excellent comfort when worn. If the breathability is too high, the strength of the fabric may decrease, so the upper limit is set at 50 cm 3 / cm 2 It is preferable that the rate is equal to or less than 1 / sec.

[0036] The woven fabric of the present invention has sufficient strength, and as an indication of its performance, the tensile strength in the warp direction is preferably 700 N or more, more preferably 800 N or more, and even more preferably 900 N or more, and the tensile strength in the weft direction is preferably 550 N or more, and more preferably 580 N or more. In order to make the woven fabric resistant to tearing, the tear strength in the warp direction is preferably 18.5 N or more, more preferably 19.5 N or more, and the tensile strength in the weft direction is preferably 13.0 N or more, more preferably 14.0 N or more.

[0037] The woven fabric of the present invention has excellent water absorbency and drying properties, and as an indication of its performance, the water absorbency measured by the dropping method according to ISO 17617 A1 is preferably 40 seconds or less, more preferably 20 seconds or less, even more preferably 15 seconds or less, and particularly preferably 10 seconds or less, and the drying speed is preferably 45 minutes or less, more preferably 40 minutes or less, and even more preferably 30 minutes or less. If the water absorbency is 40 seconds or less, sweat is quickly absorbed even when sweat is generated, resulting in less discomfort and excellent wear comfort. In the present invention, spun yarns containing a specific amount or more of cellulose fiber are used for the warp and weft, and the surface of the woven fabric is not subjected to a water repellent treatment, so that the water absorbency satisfies the above range. On the other hand, if the drying rate is within the above range, the material dries easily after getting wet, shortening the time during which movement is hindered during work or the time during which discomfort is felt when the material comes into contact with the skin.

[0038] In addition, by setting the yarn count and twist number of the warp and weft spun yarns to a specific range, or by setting the weave structure to a specific range, the woven fabric of the present invention has excellent abrasion resistance. Specifically, the flat abrasion strength measured according to JIS L1096 A-1 method (load 4.45N, using P800-Cw as abrasive paper) is preferably 180 times or more, more preferably 210 times or more, and even more preferably 220 times or more. The flat abrasion strength can be set to the above range. The method for measuring the flat abrasion strength will be described in detail in the Examples.

[0039] The woven fabric of the present invention is excellent in breathability and water absorption, and therefore is comfortable to wear when worn as clothing. It is preferable that the fabric can further suppress the sticky feeling when sweating, and that the surface (back side) that contacts the skin surface has low adhesion. Specifically, the amount of water dropped when measuring the adhesion according to the measurement method described in detail in the Examples is preferably 0.5 ml or more, more preferably 0.6 ml or more. The amount of water dropped in the adhesion measurement indicates the amount at which water begins to stick to the woven fabric, and the more the amount dropped, the lower the adhesion and the less sticky feeling. If the amount of water dropped is 0.5 ml or more, the skin surface and the woven fabric (back side) are less in direct contact or in contact through sweat, so that the fabric can be made more comfortable to wear. In order to make the woven fabric of the present invention have low adhesion, for example, it can be woven as a multi-weave fabric so that the yarns on the side (back side) that contacts the skin surface are spaced apart to form appropriate unevenness, and the woven fabric and the skin surface are in point contact at the convex parts.

[0040] (Flame-retardant fabric) Next, as described above in the present invention, when a flame-retardant woven fabric is produced by using a flame-retardant synthetic fiber as the second fiber constituting the spun yarn, characteristic values ​​relating to the flame retardancy of the woven fabric will be described below.

[0041] In order to provide the flame-retardant fabric of the present invention with excellent flame retardancy, the LOI value (limiting oxygen index) measured according to JIS L 1091 E method is preferably 25 or more, more preferably 26 or more, and even more preferably 27 or more. The LOI value can be adjusted to fall within the above range by, for example, adjusting the LOI value of the flame-retardant synthetic fiber used and its mixing ratio.

[0042] The flame-retardant fabric of the present invention preferably has a flammability classification of 3 or more in the flammability test according to JIS L 1091 A-1 method. In order to set the flammability classification within the above range, for example, the blending ratio of the flame-retardant synthetic fiber or the count of the spun yarn may be adjusted.

[0043] The woven fabric of the present invention has excellent quick-drying properties, breathability, and water absorption properties while maintaining sufficient strength, and can be used for various purposes such as general clothing and industrial materials. In addition, when a flame-retardant synthetic fiber is used as the second fiber constituting the spun yarn to produce a flame-retardant woven fabric, it can have excellent flame retardancy in addition to the above effects. Examples of applications include protective clothing, flame-retardant protective clothing, work clothes, gloves, aprons, uniforms, outdoor goods, and interior goods. EXAMPLES

[0044] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods for measuring or evaluating each physical property are as follows.

[0045] <The number of intersections between two or more parallel warp threads and two or more parallel weft threads> A surface photograph of a 2.54 cm x 2.54 cm test piece of the resulting processed woven fabric was taken using a Digital Microscope VHX-900 manufactured by Keyence Corporation, and the number of particles was counted.

[0046] <Breathability> The resulting finished woven fabric was measured according to JIS L 1096 Method A (Fragile method). <Tensile strength> The resulting finished woven fabric was used for measurement in accordance with JIS L1096 Method A (strip method). <Tear strength> The resulting finished woven fabric was measured according to JIS L1096 Method A (single tongue method).

[0047] <Water absorption and quick drying> Using the resulting processed fabric, the water absorption (seconds) was measured by the drop method and the drying time (minutes) was calculated according to ISO 17617-2014 A1. Note that during the test, water was dropped onto the back side of the test piece. <Diffusion drying speed> The mass (W) of the test piece was measured using a 10 cm x 10 cm test piece of the resulting processed woven fabric. Then, 0.6 ml of water was dropped onto the back of the test piece, and the mass (W0) was measured. The mass (Wt) of the test piece after the water was dropped was measured under standard conditions (temperature 20°C, humidity 65%). Then, while the test piece was still on the balance, the time until the mass (Wt) reached a residual moisture content (%) of 10% or less, calculated by the following formula, was measured, and this time was taken as the diffusion drying speed (min). Residual moisture percentage (%)={(Wt-W) / (W0-W)}×100

[0048] <Plane wear strength> The resulting processed woven fabric was measured according to JIS L0196 A-1 method (flat method) with a load of 4.45 N and abrasive paper "P800-CW" manufactured by Nippon Kensaishi Co., Ltd. <Adhesion> The resulting processed woven fabric was used as a test piece, and 0.1 ml of distilled water was dropped onto the back of the test piece. Then, using a simple compression tester (Kato Tech Co., Ltd., "KES-G5"), the test piece was compressed at 50 g / cm with a compression tool equipped with a rubber plate having a diameter of 36 mm. 2After compression at the pressure of , the force (adhesion) when peeling the test piece from the rubber plate was measured. When the adhesion was zero, 0.1 ml of distilled water was further added dropwise and the adhesion was measured repeatedly, and it was evaluated by the dropping amount of distilled water when the adhesion exceeded zero.

[0049] <LOI value (Limiting Oxygen Index)> Using the obtained finished fabric, it was measured according to JIS L1091 Method E. <Flammability classification> Using the obtained finished fabric, it was evaluated according to the classification by JIS L1091 Method A-1.

[0050] (Example 1) A sliver of cotton fiber (single fiber fineness: 1.42 dtex, fiber length: 32 mm) and a sliver of flame-retardant vinylon fiber with an LOI value of 35 (manufactured by Unitika Trading Co., Ltd., trade name Mylon FR) (single fiber fineness: 1.5 dtex, fiber length: 38 mm) were prepared. After the two slivers were combined in the roving process, they were roved to obtain a roving yarn composed of the above cotton fiber and the above flame-retardant vinylon fiber. Next, in order to obtain a warp yarn, this roving yarn was introduced into a ring spinning frame and spun to obtain a spun yarn of 40s (English cotton count) with a twist of 24 turns / 2.54 cm (Z twist). The mixing ratio of cotton fiber in the obtained spun yarn was 30% by mass, and the mixing ratio of flame-retardant vinylon fiber was 70% by mass. Next, this spun yarn was doubled and twisted at 34 turns / 2.54 cm (S twist) to obtain a warp yarn of double yarn with a total fineness of 20s. Next, in order to obtain a weft yarn, in the same manner as the above warp yarn, after obtaining a spun yarn of 30s (English cotton count) with a twist of 21 turns / 2.54 cm (Z twist) using the obtained roving yarn, this spun yarn was doubled and twisted at 30 turns / 2.54 cm (S twist) to obtain a weft yarn of double yarn with a total fineness of 15s. Using the obtained warp yarns (two-ply yarns) and weft yarns (two-ply yarns), a two-ply warp weave fabric was woven on an air jet loom (Ishikawa Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) with the weave shown in Figure 4, with 102 front warps / 2.54 cm, 18 back warps / 2.54 cm (the ★ rows in Figure 4 are the back warps), and 56 wefts / 2.54 cm. The front side is a twill weave, and the warp yarns, which are paralleled in threes, and the weft yarns, which are paralleled in threes, are woven at regular intervals, and the back side is designed to form a point contact with the skin. One of the three parallel warps is a ply-twisted yarn made of two of the 40-count (British cotton count) spun yarns obtained above and a conductive yarn (KB Seiren's "Beltron" (22 dtex / 5fil)) (44 rows in Figure 4). The obtained woven fabric was subjected to normal desizing, scouring, bleaching, and mercerization, and then dyed by a continuous dyeing method using a threne dye to obtain a khaki-colored woven fabric. The dyed woven fabric was immersed in an aqueous solution of the following formula 1. The immersed woven fabric was then taken out, squeezed with a mangle, dried under conditions of 130°C x 2 minutes, and then heat-treated at 170°C x 1 minute to obtain a finished woven fabric (flame-retardant woven fabric). The finished woven fabric had a weave density of 110 front warps / 2.54 cm, 20 back warps / 2.54 cm, and 56 wefts / 2.54 cm. The finished woven fabric had four intersections / 2.54 cm x 2.54 cm where a warp thread made of three threads was aligned and a weft thread made of three threads was aligned. <Prescription 1> Riken Resin MS-150 (Miki Riken Kogyo Co., Ltd., glyoxal resin): 50g / l Hi-Softer K15 (Meisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., silicone-based fabric softener): 30g / l Minex SO (Meisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., penetrating agent): 2g / l

[0051] Example 2 A processed fabric (flame-retardant fabric) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the weft density of the resulting processed fabric was 52 / 2.54 cm. The resulting processed fabric had four intersections / 2.54 cm×2.54 cm where three warp threads were aligned and three weft threads were aligned.

[0052] Example 3 Using the warp yarns (two-ply yarns) and weft yarns (two-ply yarns) obtained in Example 1, a warp double weave fabric was woven in the weave shown in Figure 5, with a density of 102 front warps / 2.54 cm, 18 back warps / 2.54 cm (the row of ★ in Figure 5 indicates the back warps), and 56 wefts / 2.54 cm. The front side was a twill weave, and two parallel warps and two parallel wefts were woven at regular intervals, and the back side was designed to have a point contact with the skin. One of the two parallel warps was a ply-twisted yarn made of two spun yarns of 40 count (British cotton count) obtained in Example 1 and a conductive yarn (KB Seiren's "Beltron" (22 dtex5fil)) (44 rows in Figure 5). The obtained fabric was then dyed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a finished fabric (flame-retardant fabric). The resulting processed woven fabric had four intersections (2.54 cm x 2.54 cm) of two parallel warp threads and two parallel weft threads.

[0053] Example 4 Using the warp yarns (two-ply yarns) and weft yarns (two-ply yarns) obtained in Example 1, a plain weave fabric was woven in a single-ply structure with a density of 102 surface warps / 2.54 cm and 56 wefts / 2.54 cm, in which two parallel warps and two parallel wefts were arranged at regular intervals, as shown in the weave diagram in Figure 6. Rows 18 and 19 and rows 37 and 38 in Figure 6 show the parts where two parallel warps are arranged, and row 38 of these rows used a ply-twisted yarn of two spun yarns of 40 count (British cotton count) obtained in Example 1 and a conductive yarn (KB Seiren's "Beltron" (22 dtex5fil)). The obtained fabric was then dyed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a finished fabric (flame-retardant fabric). The resulting processed woven fabric had four intersections (2.54 cm x 2.54 cm) of two parallel warp threads and two parallel weft threads.

[0054] Comparative Example 1 A processed fabric (flame-retardant fabric) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the number of twists of the warp yarns was 16 times / 2.54 cm and the number of twists of the weft yarns was 14 times / 2.54 cm. The processed fabric had a weave density of 110 warp yarns / 2.54 cm and 56 weft yarns / 2.54 cm. The processed fabric had four intersections / 2.54 cm x 2.54 cm where the warp yarns were aligned in groups of three and the weft yarns were aligned in groups of three.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 A processed fabric (flame-retardant fabric) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the number of twists of the warp yarns was 60 times / 2.54 cm and the number of twists of the weft yarns was 50 times / 2.54 cm. The processed fabric had a weave density of 110 warp yarns / 2.54 cm and 56 weft yarns / 2.54 cm. The processed fabric had four intersections / 2.54 cm x 2.54 cm where the warp yarns were aligned in groups of three and the weft yarns were aligned in groups of three.

[0056] Comparative Example 3 A processed fabric (flame-retardant fabric) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a double warp weave fabric with a twill surface was woven using the warp yarns (double yarns) and weft yarns (double yarns) obtained in Example 1, with a surface warp yarn density of 102 / 2.54 cm, back warp yarns 25 / 2.54 cm (one warp yarn arranged for every four surface warps), and weft yarns 56 / 2.54 cm. The processed fabric had zero intersections / 2.54 cm x 2.54 cm between two or more parallel warps and two or more parallel wefts.

[0057] Comparative Example 4 Using the roving yarn obtained in Example 1, a spun yarn of 80 count (British cotton count) was obtained with a first twist (Z twist) of 34 times / 2.54 cm, and then two strands were twisted together with a top twist (S twist) of 48 times / 2.54 cm to obtain a two-ply warp yarn of a total fineness of 40. Similarly, a spun yarn of 60 count (British cotton count) was obtained with a first twist (Z twist) of 29 times / 2.54 cm, and then two strands of this spun yarn were twisted together with a top twist (S twist) of 41 times / 2.54 cm to obtain a two-ply weft yarn of a total fineness of 30.

[0058] Next, a plain weave fabric was woven in the same manner as in Example 4 using the obtained warp yarn (two-ply yarn) and weft yarn (two-ply yarn). The obtained woven fabric was subjected to the usual desizing, scouring, bleaching, and mercerization, and then dyed with a threne dye by a continuous dyeing method to obtain a khaki-colored woven fabric. The dyed woven fabric was immersed in an aqueous solution of the following formula 1. The immersed woven fabric was then taken out, squeezed with a mangle, and heat-treated at 130°C for 2 minutes to obtain a finished woven fabric (flame-retardant woven fabric). <Prescription 1> Asahi Guard LSE-009 (Meisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., fluorine-based water repellent): 140g / l NK Assist V (manufactured by Nicca Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., isocyanate-based crosslinking agent): 30g / l Riken Resin MM-35 (Miki Riken Kogyo Co., Ltd., melamine resin): 3.5g / l Riken Resin MS-150 (Miki Riken Kogyo Co., Ltd., glyoxal resin): 50g / l Hi-Softer K15 (Meisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., silicone-based fabric softener): 30g / l Minex SO (Meisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., penetrating agent): 2g / l The resulting processed woven fabric had four intersections (2.54 cm x 2.54 cm) of two parallel warp threads and two parallel weft threads.

[0059] The evaluation results of the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0060] [Table 1]

[0061] As is clear from Table 1, the finished woven fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 4 satisfied the characteristic values ​​stipulated in the present invention, and had sufficient strength and water absorbency, and were excellent in breathability and quick-drying properties. Furthermore, since the spun yarn contained flame-retardant vinylon fiber as the second fiber, the finished woven fabrics were excellent in flame retardancy in addition to the above performance.

[0062] On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the number of times the warp and weft yarns were twisted was small, so that the resulting processed woven fabric was inferior in breathability and quick-drying properties. In Comparative Example 2, the number of times the warp and weft yarns were twisted was too many, so the resulting processed fabric had excellent breathability but poor tensile strength and tear strength. In Comparative Example 3, there was no portion where the two parallel warp yarns and the two parallel weft yarns intersected, and therefore the tensile strength and tear strength were poor. In Comparative Example 4, the total fineness of the warp yarn was too fine, so the tensile strength, tear strength, and flame retardancy were poor. In addition, the water repellent treatment was applied, so the water absorbency was poor. [Explanation of symbols]

[0063] 1 The part where two parallel warp threads cross over two parallel weft threads 2. Warp threads on the reverse side of a warp double weave fabric

Claims

1. A woven fabric whose surface is not treated with a water-repellent treatment, wherein the warp and weft yarns are spun yarns containing 20% ​​by mass or more of cellulosic fibers, having a British cotton count of 10 to 30, and having a twist coefficient K of 4.0 to 12; The woven fabric has two or more parallel warp threads and two or more parallel weft threads intersecting at two or more locations (2.54 cm x 2.54 cm) in area.

2. 2. The woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the warp yarns and the weft yarns are ply-twisted yarns of a plurality of yarns, the ply-twisted yarns having a British cotton count of 10 to 30 and a twist coefficient K of the upper twist of 4.0 to 12.

3. The air permeability measured according to JIS L 1096:2010 8.26 1A method (Fragile method) is 20 cm ３ / cm ２ 3. The woven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tensile strength is 1 / sec or more.

4. 3. The woven fabric according to claim 1, having a water absorption of 40 seconds or less, measured by the drop method according to ISO 17617 A1.

5. 3. The woven fabric according to claim 1, having a tensile strength in the warp direction of 700 N or more and a tear strength of 18.5 N or more.

6. 3. The fabric of claim 1, having a drying time of 45 minutes or less, measured according to ISO 17617 A1 method.

7. 3. The woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the warp yarns are finer (thinner) than the weft yarns.

8. 3. The woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the warp and weft spun yarns contain cellulosic fibers and flame-retardant synthetic fibers, and the mass ratio of cellulosic fibers:flame-retardant synthetic fibers is 20:80 to 60:

40.

9. 3. The fabric according to claim 1 or 2, which has a multi-layer structure.

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