Reinforcement structure of exterior surface material

Abstract

To provide a reinforcement structure of exterior surface materials that can improve fire resistance of exterior surface materials that have weak portions such as grooves.SOLUTION: In a reinforcement structure of an exterior surface material of an exterior wall, an exterior surface material (2) includes a plurality of general portions (21) having a predetermined thickness, and weak portions (22) adjacent to the general portions in the vertical direction and having a smaller thickness than the general portions. The reinforcement structure of the exterior surface material includes a connecting plate (4) disposed at a back side (2b) of the exterior surface material and extending in the vertical direction across the weak portion, and a fastening member (5) fastening the connecting plate (4) and the general portion (21).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a reinforcing structure for exterior facing materials of the exterior walls of buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] The fire resistance of exterior surface materials (such as ceramic siding) on ​​the exterior walls of buildings may be improved by providing fire resistance to the exterior surface materials. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-249899 (Patent Document 1) discloses a technique for preventing fire-resistant materials from falling off in the event of a fire by hooking the exterior wall surface materials as fire-resistant materials onto the heads of screws fixed to a steel panel frame. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2009-249899 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] From the viewpoint of design, intentional grooves (recesses) are sometimes provided on the surface of exterior facing materials. When fire resistance tests were conducted on exterior walls equipped with exterior facing materials with multiple grooves along the width direction of the exterior wall, it was confirmed that cracks occurred along the grooves. It was also confirmed that over time, parts of the exterior facing materials that had cracked at the positions of the grooves fell off.

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a reinforcing structure for an exterior surface material that can improve the fire resistance of an exterior surface material having weak parts such as grooves. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In a reinforcement structure for an exterior facing material according to an aspect of the present invention, the exterior facing material of an exterior wall includes a plurality of general portions having a predetermined thickness, and weak portions adjacent to the general portions in the vertical direction and having a smaller thickness than the general portions. The reinforcement structure for the exterior facing material includes a connecting plate disposed on the back side of the exterior facing material and extending in the vertical direction across the weak portions, and a fastening member fastening the connecting plate to the general portions.

[0007] Preferably, the plurality of general portions includes a fixed general portion that is attached and fixed to a wall base material of the exterior wall, and at least one location of the connecting plate is fixed to the fixed general portion by a fastening member.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting plate extends in the vertical direction over substantially the entire length of the exterior facing material.

[0009] In this case, it is desirable that a fastening member be provided for each general portion.

[0010] In one embodiment, the fastening member has a shaft portion inserted into the general portion and a flange portion provided at a rear end of the shaft portion. In this case, it is preferable that the connecting plate includes a large diameter hole through which the flange portion can be inserted and a small diameter hole provided below the large diameter hole and connected to the small diameter hole, for receiving the shaft portion in the attached state.

[0011] In this case, it is also desirable that the tip of the shaft portion be provided with a flexible member that protrudes radially outward beyond the shaft portion, and that the back surface of the general portion be provided with an axial hole for receiving the shaft portion, and a receiving space that communicates with the axial hole and receives the flexible member when in the attached state. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the fire resistance of exterior facing materials having weak portions such as grooves. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic basic structure of an exterior wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic view of the shape of an exterior surface material in an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of a reinforcing structure of an exterior surface material according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic diagram of a reinforcing structure of an exterior surface material according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the connecting plate according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a fastening member according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a method of attaching a reinforcing tool to an exterior surface material in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a method of attaching a reinforcing tool to an exterior surface material in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a method of attaching a reinforcing tool to an exterior surface material in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a method of attaching a reinforcing tool to an exterior surface material in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a method of attaching a reinforcing tool to an exterior surface material in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] 13A to 13C are diagrams illustrating a method of attaching a reinforcing tool to an exterior surface material in a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] 13A to 13C are diagrams illustrating a method of attaching a reinforcing tool to an exterior surface material in a modified embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of a reinforcing structure according to the width size of an exterior surface material. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the fire resistance performance of an exterior facing material that is not provided with a reinforcing member. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the fire resistance performance of an exterior facing material that is not provided with a reinforcing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference characters and their description will not be repeated.

[0015] <Basic structure> The basic structure of an exterior wall 1 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view that typically shows the basic structure of an exterior wall 1 according to this embodiment. Figure 2 is a diagram that typically shows the shape of an exterior surface material 2, with (A) being a front view and (B) being an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view. Note that arrow A1 indicates the outdoor side of the exterior wall 1, and arrow A2 indicates the width direction (left-right direction) of the exterior wall 1. Also, arrow A3 indicates the up-down direction (height direction) of the exterior wall 1.

[0016] Referring to Fig. 1, an exterior wall 1 includes a plurality of columns 11, an exterior facing material 2 arranged on the outdoor side of the columns 11, and an interior facing material 3 arranged on the indoor side of the columns 11. The exterior facing material 2 is an exterior wall finishing material such as ceramic siding. The interior facing material 3 is gypsum board. The exterior facing material 2 is fixed to a structural body such as the columns 11 via a wall base material 14. The wall base material 14 may include, for example, a wall frame material such as a panel frame 12, and a base material 13.

[0017] Fixing members (not shown), such as screws, are used to fix the exterior facing material 2 to the wall base material 14. In Fig. 2(A), fixing points using the fixing members are indicated by dashed circle marks 29. The fixing points 29 are provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. Furthermore, a plurality of fixing points 29 (for example, two each) are provided at the same height so as to be substantially symmetrical on the left and right. The exterior wall panel 10 is formed by attaching the exterior facing material 2 to the wall base material 14.

[0018] As shown in Figs. 2(A) and (B), a plurality of intentional grooves 20 are provided on the front surface (surface facing the outside) 2a of the exterior facing material 2. The grooves 20 are horizontal grooves extending in the left-right direction (typically horizontal direction) across the entire width of the exterior facing material 2. A plurality of grooves 20 are provided at intervals from one another in the up-down direction. The arrangement pitch of the grooves 20 may be constant as shown in the figure, or may not be constant. The back surface 2b of the exterior facing material 2 is a substantially flat surface, but holes for hooking a fixing member may be provided at the fixing points 29, as in Patent Document 1. In other words, the fixing points 29 may be the locations of these holes.

[0019] The exterior facing material 2 has portions 22 in which grooves 20 are provided (hereinafter referred to as "groove portions") and general portions 21 without grooves 20, which are repeated in the vertical direction. The general portions 21 have a predetermined thickness T1. The groove portions 22 are weak portions having a thickness T2 that is smaller than the thickness T1 of the general portions 21.

[0020] The above-mentioned fixing points 29 are provided in some of the multiple (large number) general parts 21 that constitute the exterior surface material 2. When it is necessary to distinguish between a general part 21 in which the fixing points 29 are provided and a general part 21 in which the fixing points 29 are not provided, the former is referred to as a "fixed general part 212" and the latter as a "normal general part 211". The multiple general parts 21 have multiple fixed general parts 212 and multiple normal general parts 211. The number of the fixed general parts 212 is less than the number of the normal general parts 211. The fixed general parts 212 are not consecutive, and at least one normal general part 211 (three in the example of FIG. 2) is interposed between two fixed general parts 212.

[0021] An exterior facing material 2 having a relatively deep groove 20 is prone to stress concentration in the groove portion 22. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15(A) as a schematic, when a fire resistance test is performed on the exterior facing material 2, cracks C are likely to occur in the groove portion 22. In FIG. 16(A), the positions where cracks C occurred when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the fire resistance test are shown by thick lines. All the positions where cracks C occurred overlap with the positions of the groove portion 22. When the fire resistance test is continued after that, as shown in FIG. 15(B), a part of the exterior facing material 2 (corresponding to the general portion 21) that broke at the position where cracks C occurred began to fall off. The falling unit is a horizontally long rectangular portion corresponding to the general portion 21. In FIG. 16(B), the rectangular portion 2p that fell off when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the fire resistance test is shown by a solid line, and the rectangular portion 2p that fell off at the end of the fire resistance test is shown by a dashed line.

[0022] As shown in Fig. 16(B), although the fire resistance test confirmed that many rectangular portions 2p had fallen off, some rectangular portions 2r had remained. Therefore, it is considered that by connecting in advance the general portion 21 corresponding to the rectangular portions 2r that have not fallen off and the general portion 21 corresponding to the fallen rectangular portions 2p, it is possible to delay the time it takes for the rectangular portions 2p to fall off as a whole.

[0023] Therefore, in this embodiment, a reinforcing portion including a connecting plate, which will be described later, is used to reinforce the exterior surface material 2. The reinforcing structure of the exterior surface material 2 will be described in detail below.

[0024] <Reinforcement structure of exterior surface materials> The reinforcing structure of the exterior facing material 2 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic view of the reinforcing structure of the exterior facing material 2, and is a plan view of the exterior facing material 2 as seen from the back side (indoor side). Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of the reinforcing structure of the exterior facing material 2. Note that in Fig. 3, for ease of understanding, the positions of the grooves 22 are indicated by thick lines, as in Fig. 2(A). Also, the aforementioned fixing points 29 are indicated by solid circle marks.

[0025] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the reinforcing structure of the exterior facing material 2 includes a connecting plate 4 that is disposed on the back side of the exterior facing material 2 and extends in the vertical direction across the groove portion 22, and a fastening member 5 that fastens the connecting plate 4 to the general portion 21. The connecting plate 4 is, for example, a thin metal plate. The fastening member 5 is a metal fitting, and multiple fastening members 5 are provided. The long connecting plate 4 and the multiple fastening members 5 form a reinforcing tool 6. In this embodiment, an engagement hole (counterbore) 23 for receiving the fastening member 5 is provided in the back surface 2b of the exterior facing material 2.

[0026] As shown in Fig. 3, in this embodiment, a long connecting plate 4 extends in the vertical direction over substantially the entire length of the exterior surface material 2. In this case, it is desirable to provide a fastening member 5 for each general portion 21. This makes it possible to reliably prevent partial detachment of the exterior surface material 2 (based on the rectangular portion corresponding to the general portion 21) even in cases where it is impossible to predict which portion is most likely to fall off.

[0027] On the other hand, in cases where it is possible to predict which parts are likely to fall off, it is sufficient to have a relatively short connecting plate 4 spanning at least the general part 21 that is likely to fall off and the general part 21 located above it (adjacent across the groove part 22) that is unlikely to fall off. In this case, even if the lower general part 21 tries to fall off, it will be suspended from the upper general part 21 by the reinforcing tool 6. In this way, at least two general parts 21 may be connected by the reinforcing tool 6. This makes it possible to pinpoint and prevent the general part 21 that is likely to fall off from falling off.

[0028] Here, the fixed general portion 212 described above can be regarded as the general portion 21 that is difficult to fall off. For this reason, it is desirable that at least one point of the connecting plate 4 is fixed to the fixed general portion 212 by the fastening member 5.

[0029] The general parts 21 for fixing the fastening members 5 may be continuous in the vertical direction, or another general part 21 may be sandwiched between them (fastening members 5 may be provided every other fastening member 5). Also, a plurality of such relatively short connecting plates 4 may be provided in the vertical direction.

[0030] In the example of Fig. 3, one vertically long connecting plate 4 (reinforcement 6) is arranged (only) at the center position in the width direction of the exterior facing material 2, but the number of connecting plates 4 may be increased depending on the width size of the exterior facing material 2. As shown in Fig. 14, when the width size of the exterior facing material 2 is relatively large (for example, 800 mm or more), it is desirable to arrange multiple connecting plates 4 at intervals from each other. Note that, regardless of the width size of the exterior wall facing material 2, it is desirable to attach the reinforcement 6 so that at least one connecting plate 4 is interposed between two fixing points 29 adjacent in the width direction.

[0031] Specific configuration examples of the connecting plate 4 and the fastening members 5 are shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the connecting plate 4. Fig. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of the fastening members 5. The connecting plate 4 has a plurality of through holes 40 for passing the fastening members 5 at intervals corresponding to the arrangement pitch of the grooves 20. The through holes 40 are, for example, potbellied holes in which a small diameter hole 41 and a large diameter hole 42 are connected in the vertical direction.

[0032] The fastening member 5 has a shaft portion 51, a tip member 52 at the tip side (outdoor side) of the shaft portion 51, and a flange portion 53 provided at the rear end side (indoor side) of the shaft portion 51. The shaft portion 51 has a cylindrical shape, and at least a portion of it is inserted into the general portion 21 of the exterior surface material 2. The tip member 52 is made of a flexible member that protrudes radially outward from the shaft portion 51, and in this embodiment, is formed, for example, of a conical thin plate centered on the axis of the shaft portion 51. The tip member 52 is biased so that its outer periphery 52a approaches the shaft portion 51 side, and has a spring function. The flange portion 53 is formed, for example, of a disk member centered on the axis of the shaft portion 51.

[0033] The large diameter hole 42 of the connecting plate 4 is a through hole into which the flange portion 53 can be inserted, and its diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the flange portion 53. The small diameter hole 41 of the connecting plate 4 is a through hole that receives the shaft portion 51 in the attached state, and its diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the tip member 52 (in the normal state) and slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shaft portion 51. The outer diameter of the tip member 52 is equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the flange portion 53.

[0034] A method for assembling the reinforcing tool 6 including the connecting plate 4 and the fastening member 5, and a method for attaching the reinforcing tool 6 to the exterior surface material 2 will be described with reference to Figs.

[0035] (How to assemble the reinforcement) As shown in Fig. 7, first, the fastening member 5 is attached to the through hole 40 of the connecting plate 4. Specifically, the flange portion 53 on the rear end side of the fastening member 5 is inserted into the large diameter hole 42. After the flange portion 53 passes through the large diameter hole 42, the fastening member 5 is slid downward as shown in Fig. 8 with the shaft portion 51 positioned inside the through hole 40. As a result, the shaft portion 51 of the fastening member 5 fits into the small diameter hole 41 on the lower side, and the fastening member 5 is attached to the connecting plate 4. In this way, the reinforcing tool 6 in which the connecting plate 4 and the fastening member 5 are combined is completed.

[0036] (How to install the reinforcement) 9, the reinforcing member 6 is erected on the rear surface 2b side of the exterior facing material 2, and the tip member 52 of the fastening member 5 held by the connecting plate 4 is fitted into the engagement hole 23 of the exterior facing material 2. The engagement hole 23 does not penetrate the exterior facing material 2 in the plate thickness direction, and has an axial hole 23a exposed on the rear surface 2b of the exterior facing material 2, and a tapered hole 23b formed deeper than the axial hole 23a. The tapered hole 23b is an receiving space that receives the flexible outer periphery 52a of the tip member 52.

[0037] As shown in Figs. 10(A) and (B), when the tip member 52 of the fastening member 5 is inserted into the axial hole 23a of the engagement hole 23, the outer periphery 52a of the tip member 52 is bent. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 10(C), the outer periphery 52a is aligned with the axial portion 51, so that the fastening member 5 can be pushed in as is. As shown in Fig. 10(C), when the tip member 52 is pushed into the tapered hole 23b, the outer periphery 52a of the tip member 52 generates a restoring force due to a spring function. As a result, as shown in Fig. 11, the outer periphery 52a becomes wider than the diameter of the axial hole 23a of the engagement hole 23, so that the fastening member 5 is less likely to come out of the engagement hole 23. In other words, the fastening member 5 can be appropriately fixed (hooked) to the exterior surface material 2.

[0038] In this way, by installing the reinforcing tool 6 with a simple structure on the back surface 2b of the exterior facing material 2, it is possible to prevent the rectangular portions corresponding to the general portions 21 from falling off one after another. In other words, it is expected that the time it takes for the exterior facing material 2 to fall off can be delayed. As a result, the fire resistance of the exterior wall 1 including the exterior facing material 2 can be improved.

[0039] In this embodiment, the through holes 40 of the connecting plate 4 are potbellied holes to facilitate the assembly of the reinforcing member 6, but since the small diameter holes 41 with which the shafts 51 of the fastening members 5 engage in the attached state are positioned lower than the large diameter holes 42, it is possible to prevent the rectangular portions corresponding to the general portions 21 to which the fastening members 5 are fixed from shifting downward together with the fastening members 5. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to improve both the workability of the reinforcing members 6 and the strength of the exterior surface material 2.

[0040] In this embodiment, the tip member 52 of the fastening member 5 is conical in shape (FIG. 6), but is not limited to this shape. Tip member 52 may have any shape as long as it can be hooked into engagement hole 23 of the exterior surface material 2, and may have a flexible member that protrudes radially outward beyond shaft portion 51. The shape of engagement hole 23 of the exterior surface material 2 is also not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 9, etc. It is only necessary that the rear surface of the exterior surface material 2 is provided with shaft hole 23a that receives (at least a part of) shaft portion 51 of fastening member 5, and a receiving space that communicates with shaft hole 23a and receives a flexible member in the attached state.

[0041] (Other configuration examples of reinforcement) In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the fastening member 5 of the reinforcing tool 6 is formed as a dedicated metal fitting, but a screw member can also be used instead. This can also make it unnecessary to pre-drill a countersink into the back surface 2b of the exterior facing material 2. A method of attaching the reinforcing tool 6A in this case will be described with reference to Figs. 12 and 13.

[0042] As shown in Fig. 12, a fastening member 5A, for example a flat head screw, is first attached to the back surface 2b of the general portion 21 of the exterior facing material 2, and then the head 55 of the fastening member 5A is passed through the through hole 40 of the connecting plate 4. The fastening member 5A is attached so that the head 55 is located away from the back surface 2b by the thickness of the connecting plate 4. The connecting plate 4 is capable of engaging the shaft portion 54 of the fastening member 5A with the small diameter hole 41 by passing the head 55 through the large diameter hole 42 of the through hole 40 and sliding the connecting plate 4 upward. Fig. 13 shows a state in which a reinforcing tool 6A including the connecting plate 4 and the fastening member 5A is attached to the exterior facing material 2.

[0043] When the fastening members are screw members such as flat head screws or screws, the fastening members can be used to directly fasten the connecting plate 4 to the rear surface 2b of the exterior surface material 2 without providing a potbelly hole (through hole 40) in the connecting plate 4. In this case, it is possible to easily attach the reinforcing tool.

[0044] (others) In the present embodiment, an example has been shown in which the weak portion of the exterior facing material 2 is the groove portion 22 extending along the width direction of the exterior facing material 2, but the weak portion is not limited to the groove portion 22. For example, it may be a recess having a vertical length approximately equal to that of the general portion 21.

[0045] In addition, in this embodiment, the exterior surface material 2 is a finishing material for the exterior wall 1, but the above technology can also be applied to reinforcing surface materials (surface materials having weak parts) provided on walls other than the exterior wall 1.

[0046] The embodiments disclosed herein should be considered to be illustrative and not restrictive in all respects. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, not the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0047] 1 exterior wall, 2 exterior facing material, 4 connecting plate, 5,5A fastening member, 6,6A reinforcement, 14 wall base material, 20 groove, 21 general part, 22 groove part (weak part), 23 engagement hole, 23a shaft hole, 23b tapered hole, 40 through hole, 41 small diameter hole, 42 large diameter hole, 51,54 shaft part, 52 tip member, 53 flange part, 55 head part, 211 normal general part, 212 fixed general part.

Claims

1. A reinforcing structure for exterior wall exterior facing materials, The exterior surface material includes a plurality of general portions having a predetermined thickness, and weak portions adjacent to the general portions in the up-down direction and having a thickness smaller than that of the general portions, A connecting plate is disposed on the rear side of the exterior surface material and extends in the vertical direction across the weak portion; A reinforcing structure for an exterior surface material, comprising a fastening member that fastens the connecting plate and the general portion.

2. The plurality of general parts include a fixed general part that is attached and fixed to a wall base material of the exterior wall, The reinforcing structure for exterior surface materials according to claim 1 , wherein at least one location of the connecting plate is fixed to the general fixed portion by the fastening member.

3. 2. The reinforcing structure for an exterior surface material according to claim 1, wherein the connecting plate extends in the up-down direction over substantially the entire length of the exterior surface material.

4. The reinforcing structure for an exterior surface material according to claim 3 , wherein the fastening member is provided for each of the general portions.

5. The fastening member has a shaft portion that is inserted into the general portion and a flange portion that is provided at a rear end of the shaft portion, 2. The reinforcing structure of claim 1, wherein the connecting plate includes a large diameter hole through which the flange portion can be inserted, and a small diameter hole that is continuous with the lower side of the large diameter hole and that receives the shaft portion in an attached state.

6. The fastening member has a shaft portion that is inserted into the general portion and a flange portion that is provided at a rear end of the shaft portion, A flexible member is provided at a tip end of the shaft portion and protrudes radially outward from the shaft portion, 2. The reinforcing structure of an exterior surface material according to claim 1, wherein the back surface of the general portion is provided with an axial hole for receiving the axial portion, and a receiving space that communicates with the axial hole and receives the flexible member in an attached state.

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