Bridgeboard upper end fixing structure and construction method for bridgeboard upper end fixing structure

Abstract

To provide a bridgeboard upper end fixing structure or the like which can reduce manufacturing and processing costs and facilitates the fixing work of a bridgeboard upper end to a fixed portion.SOLUTION: The bridgeboard upper end fixing structure of the present invention is a bridgeboard upper end fixing structure in which upper ends 2T, 2T of right and left bridgeboards 2, 2 of a staircase are fixed to a fixed portion 3T for fixing the upper ends of the bridgeboards, and includes a fixing plate 4 attached to the upper ends 2T, 2T of the right and left bridgeboards 2, 2, a through hole 5 formed in the fixing plate 4, and a screw 6 that passes through the through hole 5 and is fastened to the fixed portion 3T to fix the fixing plate 4 to the fixed portion 3T.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fixing structure for fixing the upper ends of the left and right rafters of a staircase to the fixed portions. [Background technology]

[0002] A connecting metal fitting attached to the mounting surface of the upper end of the stringer girder has a positioning plate protruding toward the upper end of the stringer girder, and the upper end of the stringer girder has a positioning notch where the positioning plate is positioned and joined, and a stringer girder upper end fixing structure (stringer girder positioning joining structure) is known in which the positioning notch of the upper end of the stringer girder and the positioning plate are fixed (see Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-135022 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the fixing structure for the upper end of the wooden slat beam disclosed in Patent Document 1, a positioning notch must be formed in the upper end of the wooden slat beam, and high positioning accuracy is required between the positioning notch at the upper end of the slat beam and the positioning plate of the connecting metal fitting, so high dimensional accuracy is required. Therefore, in the structure for fixing the upper end of the stringer beam according to Patent Document 1, the manufacturing and processing costs of the positioning notch portion of the upper end of the stringer beam and the connecting metal fittings are high. In addition, in the fixing structure of the upper end of the bamboo slat according to Patent Document 1, positioning work is required between the positioning notch of the upper end of the bamboo slat and the positioning plate of the connecting metal, making the fixing work of the upper end of the bamboo slat to the fixed part complicated.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a fixing structure for the upper end of a scissor beam, which can reduce manufacturing and processing costs and makes it easy to perform the fixing work of the upper end of the scissor beam to the fixed part. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The upper end fixing structure of the rafters of the present invention is a fixing structure for the upper end of a staircase, in which the upper ends of the left and right rafters of a staircase are fixed to fixed parts for fixing the upper ends of the rafters, and is characterized in that it comprises a fixing plate attached to the upper ends of the left and right rafters, a through hole formed in the fixing plate, and a screw that passes through the through hole and is fastened to the fixed part to fix the fixing plate to the fixed part.Therefore, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing and processing costs of the parts that make up the upper end fixing structure of the rafters and to easily perform the fixing work to the fixed parts of the upper ends of the left and right rafters. In addition, the fixing plate has a plurality of through holes, at least one of which is a first through hole consisting of a large diameter hole and a small diameter hole connected together, and one or more of which are second through holes consisting of a second through hole having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the screw head and larger than the diameter of the screw shank, the large diameter hole of the first through hole being larger than the diameter of the screw shank and larger than the diameter of the screw head, and the small diameter hole of the first through hole being smaller than the diameter of the screw head and larger than the diameter of the screw shank, thereby providing a fixing structure for a girder upper end. In addition, the construction method of the upper end fixing structure of the slat beams is characterized by the steps of attaching fixing plates to the upper ends of the left and right slat beams, respectively; attaching screws in advance to the left side position of the fixed part where the upper end of the left slat beam is fixed and to the right side position of the fixed part where the upper end of the right slat beam is fixed; passing the head and shank of the screw attached to the fixed part through the large diameter hole of the first through hole of the fixing plate attached to the upper ends of the left and right slats, positioning the shank of the screw in the small diameter hole of the first through hole, and then fixing the screw to the fixed part; and fixing the fixing plate to the fixed part by passing the shank of the screw through the second through hole of the fixing plate attached to the upper ends of the left and right slats and fastening the screw to the fixed part. In this way, according to the fixing structure for the upper end of the sash girder which has a fixing plate having a first through hole and a second through hole, and the construction method for the fixing structure for the upper end of the sash girder using the fixing plate, the positioning work of the upper ends of the left and right sash girder relative to the fixed parts becomes easy, so that the fixing work of the upper ends of the left and right sash girder relative to the fixed parts can be performed more easily. The fixing plates are also characterized in that they are configured separately as a left fixing plate attached to the upper end of the left stringer and a right fixing plate attached to the upper end of the right stringer, or as an integrated configuration of a left fixing plate attached to the upper end of the left stringer and a right fixing plate attached to the upper end of the right stringer. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a staircase that uses a fixed upper end structure for the slats, where (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a plan view (embodiment 1). [Diagram 2] 5A and 5B are diagrams showing a fixing plate, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (a) (Embodiment 1). [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 shows the fixing structure for the upper end of the slat beam, where (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a side view (embodiment 1). [Figure 4]5A and 5B are diagrams showing a fixing plate, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (a) (Embodiment 2). [Diagram 5] This is a diagram showing the construction procedure for the upper end fixing structure of the bamboo slat, where (a) shows the state where a screw is attached to the fixed part, (b) shows the state where a screw is passed through the large diameter hole of the first through hole of the fixing plate provided at the upper end of the bamboo slat, and (c) shows the state where the upper end of the bamboo slat is attached to the fixed part (embodiment 2). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] EMBODIMENT 1 As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the upper end fixing structure of the rafters of embodiment 1 is a structure in which the upper ends 2T, 2T of the left and right rafters 2, 2 of the staircase 1 are fixed to a fixed part 3T for fixing the upper ends 2T, 2T of the rafters 2, 2, and is a structure comprising fixing plates 4, 4 attached to the upper ends 2T, 2T of the left and right rafters 2, 2, through holes 5, 5... formed in the fixing plates 4, 4, and screws 6, 6... that pass through the through holes 5 and are fastened to the fixed part 3T to fix the fixing plate 4 to the fixed part 3T. Furthermore, the fixing plates are configured to include, for example, a left fixing plate 4 attached to the upper end 2T of the left truss beam 2 and a right fixing plate 4 attached to the upper end 2T of the right truss beam 2 separately.

[0009] As shown in FIG. 1, a staircase 1 is composed of, for example, left and right rafters 2, 2, treads 20, 20... provided at a predetermined interval along the upward and downward inclination direction of the left and right rafters 2, 2, and a handrail 21.

[0010] As shown in FIG. 1, the slatted beam 2 is composed of a long beam material made of metal such as steel. The fixed part 3T for fixing the upper ends 2T, 2T of the rafters 2, 2 is, for example, the main body of a wall W extending downward from the second floor corridor 2F where the upper end side of the staircase 1 is located. The fixed part 3L for fixing the lower ends 2L, 2L of the rafters 2, 2 is, for example, the frame of the floor F of the first floor on which the lower end side of the staircase 1 is located. The sash beam 2 is hung at an angle between the floor F and the wall W, with its lower end 2L fixed to the fixed part 3L and its upper end 2T fixed to the fixed part 3T. For example, the surface of the lower end 2L facing the fixed part 3L is formed to be a horizontal plane, and the surface of the upper end 2T facing the fixed part 3T is formed to be a vertical plane 2V (see Figure 3(c)).

[0011] As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing plate 4 is configured of a plate material having a square plate surface made of metal such as steel. The fixing plate 4 has a plurality of through holes 5, 5.... The through holes 5 are one-diameter holes formed with a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft portions 6a of the screws 6 and smaller than the diameter of the head portions 6b of the screws 6. As the screw 6, for example, a coach screw or the like is used.

[0012] For example, three through holes 5 are provided at a predetermined interval along the left edge side of the square plate surface of the fixing plate 4, and three through holes 5 are provided at a predetermined interval along the right edge side of the square plate surface of the fixing plate 4. Furthermore, on one of the square-shaped plate surfaces of the fixing plate 4, the central portion between the left and right through holes 5, 5 constitutes the mounting portion 4T (see Figure 2(a)) of the vertical surface 2V that faces the fixed portion 3T at the upper end portion 2T of the sash beam. Therefore, the vertical surface facing the fixed part 3T at the upper end 2T of the slat 2 is attached to the mounting part 4T of the fixing plate 4, thereby attaching the fixing plate 4 to the upper end 2T of the slat 2. In addition, in FIG. 2, the fixing plate 4 is shown as a square plate having six through holes 5, 5..., but the shape of the plate and the number and arrangement of the through holes 5, 5... are not particularly limited.

[0013] A construction method for the upper end fixing structure of the slat girder in embodiment 1 will be described. This construction method includes a first step of attaching a fixing plate 4 to each of the left and right upper ends 2T, 2T of the sash girder, and a second step of fixing the fixing plates 4, 4 attached to the upper ends 2T, 2T of the sash girder to the fixed portion 3T. In the first step, the fixing plates 4, 4 are attached to the upper ends 2T, 2T of the girders 2, 2 by using connecting means such as welding or bolts and nuts. In other words, the upper end 2T of the girders 2 is attached to the attached portion 4T of the fixing plate 4. In addition, the treads 20, 20... are attached in advance to the left and right girders 2, 2 at a predetermined interval along the vertical inclination direction of the left and right girders 2, 2. The treads 20 are attached to the left and right girders 2, 2 by mounting members 25 (see FIG. 3) constituted by, for example, brackets and bolts and nuts. In the second step, for example, first, the position where the screw 6 is to be attached is determined relative to the fixed part 3T, and a pilot hole for attaching the screw 6 is formed in the fixed part 3T in advance. Then, after the fixing plates 4, 4 attached to the upper ends 2T, 2T of the girders 2, 2 are positioned on the fixed part 3T, the shafts 6a of the screws 6 are passed through the multiple through holes 5, 5... of the fixing plates 4, and the screws 6 are screwed into the pilot holes and fastened to the fixed part 3, thereby fixing the upper ends 2T, 2T of the girders to the fixed part 3 by the fixing plates 4, 4 and the screws 6, 6..., respectively. This completes the fixing work of the left and right sash girder upper ends 2T, 2T to the fixed parts 3T.

[0014] In addition, the lower ends 2L, 2L of the left and right sash beams are fixed to a fixed portion 3L, such as the structure of the first floor floor F, by fixing means not shown in the figure. As a result of the above, the upper ends 2T, 2T of the left and right girders are fixed to the fixed parts 3T, and the lower ends 2L, 2L of the left and right girders are fixed to the fixed parts 3L, completing the installation and fixing work of the staircase 1.

[0015] According to the upper end fixing structure and construction method of embodiment 1, the fixing plates 4, 4 attached to the upper end portions 2T, 2T of the left and right stringer girder are simply attached to the fixed portions 3T of the upper end portions 2T, 2T of the left and right stringer girder with screws 6, which reduces the manufacturing and processing costs of the parts that make up the upper end fixing structure of the stringer girder and makes it easy to fix the upper end portions 3T of the upper end portions 2T, 2T of the left and right stringer girder.

[0016] EMBODIMENT 2 In the second embodiment, a fixing plate 4A as described below is used as the fixing plate. In addition, the fixing plates are configured to include, for example, a left fixing plate 4A attached to the upper end 2T of the left truss beam 2 and a right fixing plate 4A attached to the upper end 2T of the right truss beam 2 separately. The contents other than those described in the second embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment.

[0017] As shown in FIG. 4, the fixing plate 4A is made of a plate material having a square plate surface made of metal such as steel, and is provided with a plurality of through holes. At least one of the plurality of through holes is constituted by a first through hole 5A in which a large diameter hole 5b and a small diameter hole 5a are continuous with each other. One or more of the multiple through holes are constituted by a second through hole 5 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the head 6b of the screw 6 and larger than the diameter of the shaft 6a of the screw 6, similar to the through hole 5 formed in the fixing plate 4 described in embodiment 1. The large diameter hole 5b of the first through hole 5A is formed with a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft portion 6a of the screw 6 and larger than the diameter of the head 6b of the screw 6, and the small diameter hole 5a of the first through hole 5A is formed with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the head 6b of the screw 6 and larger than the diameter of the shaft portion 6a of the screw 6.

[0018] For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a second through hole 5, a first through hole 5A and a second through hole 5 are provided at a predetermined interval along the left edge side of the square plate surface of the fixing plate 4, and a second through hole 5, a first through hole 5A and a second through hole 5 are provided at a predetermined interval along the right edge side of the square plate surface of the fixing plate 4. Furthermore, on one of the square-shaped plate surfaces of the fixing plate 4, the central portion between the left through hole 5, 5A, 5 and the right through hole 5, 5A, 5 constitutes the mounting portion 4T (see Figure 4(a)) of the vertical surface 2V facing the fixed portion 3T at the upper end portion 2T of the sash beam 2. In addition, Figure 4 illustrates a fixing plate 4A having a configuration in which one of six through holes is formed as the first through hole 5A in a square plate, and the other through holes are formed as the second through holes 5, 5.... However, there are no particular limitations on the shape of the plate, or the number and arrangement of the first through hole 5A and the second through holes 5, 5....

[0019] A construction method for a braced girder upper end fixing structure using the fixing plate 4A according to embodiment 2 will be described. This construction method includes a first step of attaching a fixing plate 4A to the upper end 2T of the slat beam, a second step of preliminarily attaching screws to the fixed part 3T, and a third step of attaching the fixing plate 4 attached to the upper end 2T of the slat beam to the fixed part 3T. In the first step, similarly to the first embodiment, the fixing plates 4A, 4A are attached to the upper ends 2T, 2T of the girders 2, 2 by using connecting means such as welding or bolts and nuts. In other words, the upper end 2T of the girders 2 is attached to the attached portion 4T of the fixing plate 4A. The fixing plate 4A is attached to the upper end 2T of the slat 2 so that the through hole 5A is a pot-shaped through hole with the small diameter hole 5a located at the top and the large diameter hole 5b located at the bottom. In the second step, as shown in Fig. 5(a), the screws 6 are attached in advance to the left side of the fixed part 3T to which the left upper end 2T of the spur beam is fixed and to the right side of the fixed part 3T to which the right upper end 2T of the spur beam is fixed. The screws 6 are not screwed in completely, but are attached in such a way that at least the base side of the shaft 6a of the screw 6 remains on the room side relative to the wall W. The first and second steps may be performed simultaneously in parallel, or the second step may be performed prior to the first step. In the third step, as shown in FIG. 5(b), the screw head 6b and shaft 6a of the screw 6 attached to the fixed part 3T are passed through the large diameter hole 5b of the first through hole 5A formed in the fixing plates 4A, 4A attached to the upper ends 2T, 2T of the left and right spur beams. Then, the fixing plate 4A is moved downward to position the shaft 6a of the screw 6 in the small diameter hole 5a of the first through hole 5A, and then the screw 6 is fastened to the fixed portion 3T as shown in Fig. 5(c). As a result, the left and right upper ends 2T, 2T of the bracing beam are temporarily fixed to the fixed portion 3T. Furthermore, the shanks 6a of the screws 6 are passed through all of the second through holes 5, 5... formed in the fixing plates 4A, 4A attached to the upper ends 2T, 2T of the left and right sash beams, respectively, and all of the screws 6, 6... are fastened to the fixed portion 3T, thereby fixing the fixing plates 4A, 4A to the fixed portion 3T. This completes the fixing work of the left and right sash girder upper ends 2T, 2T to the fixed parts 3T.

[0020] According to the construction method of the upper end fixing structure of the braced girder of embodiment 2, in the second step, a screw 6 is attached in advance to the fixed part 3T, and in the third step, using the screw 6 attached in advance to the fixed part 3T as a landmark, the head 6b and shank 6a of the screw 6 attached to the fixed part 3T are passed through the large diameter hole 5b of the through hole 5A of the fixing plates 4A, 4A attached to the left and right upper ends 2T, 2T of the braced girder, and then the shank 6a of the screw 6 is positioned in the small diameter hole 5a of the through hole 5A, thereby facilitating the positioning work of the upper ends 2T, 2T of the braced girder relative to the fixed part 3T. In other words, by hooking the shank 6a of the screw 6 into the small diameter hole 5a, which is the upper hole that communicates with the large diameter hole 5b through the through hole 5A of the fixing plates 4A, 4A attached to the left and right upper ends 2T, 2T of the support beam, the positioning work of the left and right upper ends 2T, 2T of the support beam relative to the fixed portion 3T can be easily performed. Then, with the screws 6 positioned, the left and right upper ends 2T, 2T of the support beam can be temporarily fixed to the fixed portions 3T by fastening the screws 6 to the fixed portions 3T. After the temporary fixation, the shanks 6a of the screws 6 are passed through the remaining second through holes 5, 5..., respectively, and these screws 6, 6... are fastened to the fixed portion 3T, thereby fixing the left and right upper ends 2T, 2T of the support beam to the fixed portion 3T. Therefore, according to the construction method of the upper end fixing structure of the reed girder in embodiment 2, the positioning work of the left and right reed girder upper ends 2T, 2T relative to the fixed part 3T is easier than the construction method of the upper end fixing structure of the reed girder in embodiment 1, and therefore the fixing work of the left and right reed girder upper ends 2T, 2T relative to the fixed part 3T can be performed more easily.

[0021] EMBODIMENT 3 In embodiments 1 and 2, for example, a fixing plate configuration is exemplified in which a left fixing plate 4, 4A is attached to the upper end 2T of the left truss beam 2 and a right fixing plate 4, 4A is attached to the upper end 2T of the right truss beam 2 separately, but a fixing plate in which the left and right fixing plates are integrated may also be used. In other words, a fixing plate having a configuration in which a left fixing plate 4 or 4A attached to the upper end 2T of the left stringer 2 and a right fixing plate 4 or 4A attached to the upper end 2T of the right stringer 2 are integrated may be used. For example, a fixing plate in which the left and right fixing plates are integrated may be used by providing a through hole for the left fixing plate 4 or 4A on the left side of a long rectangular flat plate whose length spans the upper end 2T of the left spur 2 and the upper end 2T of the right spur 2, and providing a through hole for the right fixing plate 4 or 4A on the right side of the long rectangular flat plate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0022] 1 stairs 2. Saragi 2T Top end of the saddle beam 3T Fixed part for fixing the upper end of the slat 4,4A Fixing plate 5 through hole, second through hole 5A 1st through hole 5a Small diameter hole 5b Large diameter hole 6 Screws 6a Screw shaft 6b Screw head

Claims

1. A structure for fixing the upper end of the rafters in which the upper ends of the left and right rafters of the stairs are fixed to the fixed parts for fixing the upper ends of the rafters, A structure for fixing the upper end of a slat beam, comprising a fixing plate attached to the upper end of the left and right slat beams, a through hole formed in the fixing plate, and a screw passing through the through hole and fastened to the fixed portion to fix the fixing plate to the fixed portion.

2. The fixing plate has a plurality of through holes, At least one of the plurality of through holes is a first through hole in which a large diameter hole and a small diameter hole are continuous, One or more of the plurality of through holes are constituted by a second through hole having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the head of the screw and larger than the diameter of the shank of the screw; The large diameter hole of the first through hole is formed to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the shank of the screw and also larger than the diameter of the head of the screw, The upper end fixing structure of the slat beam as described in claim 1, characterized in that the small diameter hole of the first through hole is formed by a through hole having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the head of the screw and larger than the diameter of the shank of the screw.

3. A construction method for the upper end fixing structure of the slat girder according to claim 2, Attaching fixing plates to the upper ends of the left and right girders, respectively; A step of attaching screws in advance to a left side position of a fixed portion to which an upper end portion of a left slat is fixed and a right side position of a fixed portion to which an upper end portion of a right slat is fixed; a step of passing a head and a shaft of a screw attached to the fixed part through a large diameter hole of a first through hole of a fixing plate attached to the upper end of the left and right girders, positioning the shaft of the screw in the small diameter hole of the first through hole, and then fixing the screw to the fixed part; a step of fastening the fixing plate to the fixed portion by passing a shaft portion of a screw through a second through hole of the fixing plate attached to the upper end portion of the left and right girders and fastening the screw to the fixed portion; A construction method for a fixed structure for the upper end of a slatted beam, comprising:

4. A structure for fixing the upper end of a spur beam as described in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the fixing plates are configured separately as a left fixing plate attached to the upper end of the left spur beam and a right fixing plate attached to the upper end of the right spur beam, or as an integrated structure consisting of a left fixing plate attached to the upper end of the left spur beam and a right fixing plate attached to the upper end of the right spur beam.

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