Curable composition, weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent and liquid crystal display element

Abstract

To provide a curable composition or the like, capable of producing weak anchoring film that is stable at relatively low temperature.SOLUTION: The curable composition has a structure(A) exhibiting weak anchoring property to liquid crystal, a structure (B) generating radicals by light or heat and a structure (C) causing curing reaction by the generated radicals.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a curable composition that can produce an organic film (weak anchoring film) that exhibits weak anchoring properties by an inexpensive method that does not involve complicated processes, a weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent, and a liquid crystal display element that uses them to achieve even higher brightness and lower driving voltage. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, liquid crystal display elements are widely used in displays for mobile phones, computers, and televisions. Liquid crystal display elements have characteristics such as being thin, lightweight, and low power consumption, and are expected to be applied to further content in the future, such as VR (Virtual Reality) and ultra-high definition displays. Various display methods have been proposed for liquid crystal displays, including the Twisted Nematic (TN) method, the In-Plane Switching (IPS) method, and the Vertical Alignment (VA) method, but all display methods use a film (liquid crystal alignment film) that guides the liquid crystal into a desired alignment state.

[0003] The IPS method is particularly popular for products equipped with touch panels such as tablet PCs, smartphones, and smart TVs, as it is less likely to distort the display when touched. In recent years, liquid crystal display elements using the FFS (Frindge Field Switching) method and liquid crystal alignment technology using photoalignment methods have been used to improve contrast and viewing angle characteristics.

[0004] However, the FFS method has issues with higher substrate manufacturing costs than the IPS method, and with the occurrence of a particular display defect called Vcom shift. In addition, compared to the rubbing alignment method, the photo-alignment method has the advantage of being easier to adapt to the enlargement of elements and of being able to greatly improve display characteristics, but it also has issues with the principle (when using photodegradable materials, display defects due to decomposition products occur, and when using isomerization materials, image sticking due to insufficient alignment force occurs, etc.). At present, LCD element manufacturers and LCD alignment film manufacturers are trying various ideas to solve these issues.

[0005] Meanwhile, a weak anchoring IPS method that utilizes weak anchoring technology has been proposed in recent years, which can improve the contrast ratio and achieve significantly lower voltage operation compared to conventional IPS methods (see Patent Document 1).

[0006] The weak anchoring IPS method is created by using a liquid crystal alignment film with strong anchoring energy on one substrate and a thin film that has been treated to have no anchoring energy on the other substrate (equipped with electrodes that generate a lateral electric field).

[0007] In recent years, a weak anchoring IPS method has been proposed, in which a weak anchoring state is created by directly providing dense polymer brushes on the substrate (see Patent Document 2). This technology has achieved a significant improvement in contrast ratio and a significant reduction in driving voltage.

[0008] As another method, a weak anchoring IPS method technology has been proposed, in which a liquid crystal alignment film capable of generating photoradicals and a compound capable of radical polymerization are used to irradiate UV light in the liquid crystal to cause a radical reaction, resulting in weak anchoring (see Patent Document 3). This technology has realized a high-speed response and reduced burn-in in addition to improved contrast ratio and significantly lower voltage operation using a mass-production method. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4053530 [Patent Document 2] JP 2013-231757 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2018-028621 A [Patent Document 4] International Publication No. 2019 / 004433 Brochure Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] The method of directly providing a concentrated polymer brush on a substrate (Patent Document 2) is technically difficult and unrealistic from the perspective of mass production because it requires a surface treatment step to provide reactive points on the substrate and a step to grow a polymer from the reactive points on the substrate surface, making the process complicated and because it requires strict environmental control due to the need for advanced deoxidation conditions.

[0011] To solve the above problems, a method has been proposed to obtain a weakly anchored IPS display element by coating a bottle brush polymer having an anchoring site on a substrate (Patent Document 3), but living radical polymerization must be used to produce the bottle brush polymer, which poses the problem of difficulty in mass supply. In addition, bottle brush polymers have poor solvent selectivity and low solubility in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and γ-butyrolactone (GBL), which are frequently used in the past, and there are major problems with the coating process that is commonly used.

[0012] As a method other than Patent Documents 2 and 3, a method of weak anchoring using a photoradical polymerization reaction and a radically polymerizable compound has also been proposed (Patent Document 4). However, this method is thought to have problems such as the volatilization of polymerizable additives in the high vacuum state during liquid crystal injection, and the need for a process of ultraviolet irradiation after the production of the liquid crystal element, which has an adverse effect on the liquid crystal composition.

[0013] The present inventors have proposed, as materials exhibiting weak anchoring properties, block copolymers having block segments compatible with liquid crystal and block segments insoluble in liquid crystal or insoluble by heating (see WO2022 / 260048), graft copolymers having branch polymers compatible with liquid crystal and trunk polymers insoluble in liquid crystal or insoluble by heating (see WO2023 / 048278), and polymer alloys of these with polyamic acid, polyamic acid ester, and soluble polyimide (see PCT / JP2023 / 33172). These materials have excellent coatability and solvent selectivity, which were issues with the weak anchoring materials, and also have excellent seal adhesion and mechanical strength. On the other hand, the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent is designed for a baking temperature of about 200° C., and does not exhibit sufficient properties when the baking temperature is about 100° C. or lower.

[0014] If these technical challenges can be resolved, panel manufacturers will be able to easily produce weak anchoring IPS LCD elements with high yield, which offer benefits such as battery power savings and improved image quality.

[0015] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a curable composition and a weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent that can produce a stable weak anchoring film at a relatively low temperature, as well as a weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display element that are free of pretilt angle and can simultaneously achieve low voltage driving and high speed response when the voltage is turned off. [Means for solving the problem]

[0016] Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted extensive research to solve the above problems, and as a result have found that the above problems can be solved, and have completed the present invention having the following gist. That is, the present invention includes the following.

[0017] [1] A curable composition comprising a structure (A) exhibiting weak anchoring properties to liquid crystals, a structure (B) that generates radicals in response to light or heat, and a structure (C) that undergoes a curing reaction due to the generated radicals. [2] A component having the structure (A) and the structure (B) and a component having the structure (C), Contains a component having the structure (A) and the structure (C), and a component having the structure (B), or The curable composition according to [1], comprising components having the structure (A), the structure (B), and the structure (C). [3] The curable composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the structure (C) contains a structure (C') selected from the following formula (C'): [ka] (In formula (C'), R 1 , and R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and X, Y, and Z each independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. 1 and* 2 represents a binding site, * 1 and* 2 Either one of the groups may be replaced by a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. n represents an integer of 1 to 5. [4] The curable composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the structure (B) contains a structure (B') selected from the following formula (B'-1) and formula (B'-2): [ka] (In formula (B'-1), R 1 and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms which may be branched. [ka] (In formula (B'-2), R 1 ~R 6each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be branched. [5] The curable composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the structure (A) is a structure (A') derived from a monomer selected from the following formula (1), formula (2), formula (3), and formula (4): [ka] In formula (1), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, X represents a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a thioether bond, and R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms into which a bonding group may be inserted, and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, two Xs and Rs 1 may be the same or different.) [ka] (In formula (2), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, S represents a single bond or a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a bonding group inserted therein, T represents an organic group represented by the following formula (2-T), and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, the two T's may be the same or different. However, when n is 2, S represents a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a bonding group inserted therein.) [ka] (In formula (2-T), * indicates a bond site. X is a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R 1 )(R 2 )-(R 1 and R 2 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 3 )(R 4 )-O-(R 3 and R 4 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 5)-(R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N; and Cy represents a non-aromatic cyclic group having 6 to 20 members. [ka] In formula (3), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R 1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a straight or branched structure and having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and each of the three Xs independently represents a hydrogen atom or the following formula (3-X), provided that at least one of the three Xs represents the formula (3-X). [ka] In formula (3-X), Y represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, or -N(R)- (R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms bonded to N), and * represents a bonding site. 2 , R 3 , and R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent. [ka] In formula (4), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R 1 ~R 3 each independently represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms into which a bonding group may be inserted; Ar represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent; X 1 and X 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent; R 1 X 1 and R 2 X 2 and R 1 X 1 and R 2 X 2 and the carbon atom bonded to R may form a ring together. 1 X 1 , R 2 X2 and R 3 The total number of carbon atoms is 1 or more.) [6] Contains a component having the structure (A), The structure (A) is a structure (A') derived from a monomer selected from the following formulas (1), (2), (3), and (4), The structure (B) contains a structure (B') selected from the following formula (B'-1) and formula (B'-2): The structure (C) contains a structure (C') selected from the following formula (C'): The curable composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the component having the structure (A) contains at least one selected from the group consisting of the following polymer α-1 and polymer β-1: [Polymer α-1]: a block segment (Aα) having the structure (A') and a block segment (Bα) having the structure (B'), a block segment (Cα) having the block segment (Aα) and the structure (C′); The block segment (Aα), the block segment (Bα) and the block segment (Cα), or The block segment (Aα) and a block segment (BCα) having the structure (B') and the structure (C'), Block copolymer. [Polymer β-1]: A graft copolymer having a trunk polymer and a branch polymer bonded to the trunk polymer as a side chain of the trunk polymer, the branch polymer has the structure (A') and the trunk polymer has the structure (B'); the branch polymer has the structure (A') and the trunk polymer has the structure (C'); or the branch polymer has the structure (A'), and the trunk polymer has the structure (B') and the structure (C'); Graft copolymer. [ka] In formula (1), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, X represents a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a thioether bond, and R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms into which a bonding group may be inserted, and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, two Xs and Rs 1 may be the same or different.) [ka] (In formula (2), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, S represents a single bond or a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a bonding group inserted therein, T represents an organic group represented by the following formula (2-T), and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, the two T's may be the same or different. However, when n is 2, S represents a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a bonding group inserted therein.) [ka] (In formula (2-T), * indicates a bond site. X is a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R 1 )(R 2 )-(R 1 and R 2 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 3 )(R 4 )-O-(R 3 and R 4 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 5 )-(R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N; and Cy represents a non-aromatic cyclic group having 6 to 20 members. [ka] In formula (3), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R 1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a straight or branched structure and having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and each of the three Xs independently represents a hydrogen atom or the following formula (3-X), provided that at least one of the three Xs represents the formula (3-X). [ka] In formula (3-X), Y represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, or -N(R)- (R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms bonded to N), and * represents a bonding site. 2 , R 3 , and R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent. [ka] In formula (4), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R 1 ~R 3 each independently represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms into which a bonding group may be inserted; Ar represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent; X 1 and X 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent; R 1 X 1 and R 2 X 2 and R 1 X 1 and R 2 X 2 and the carbon atom bonded to R may form a ring together. 1 X 1 , R 2 X 2 and R 3 The total number of carbon atoms is 1 or more.) [ka] (In formula (B'-1), R 1 and R 2represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms which may be branched. [ka] (In formula (B'-2), R 1 ~R 6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be branched. [ka] (In formula (C'), R 1 , and R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and X, Y, and Z each independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. 1 and* 2 represents a binding site, * 1 and* 2 Either one of the groups may be replaced by a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. n represents an integer of 1 to 5. [7] A weak anchoring liquid crystal aligning agent comprising the curable composition according to any one of [1] to [6]. [8] A liquid crystal display device obtained by using the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent described in [7]. [9] The liquid crystal display element according to [8], which is a horizontal electric field liquid crystal display element. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, a stable weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film can be manufactured by a method that is extremely simple compared to the conventional technology, and the coating property is good regardless of the coating method, and a wide solvent selection is available, so that a solvent that has been used in the past can be used. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the process load and improve the yield in the manufacturing of weak anchoring in-plane switching liquid crystal display elements in actual industrialization. Furthermore, the characteristics do not deteriorate even in low-temperature baking at about 100°C or lower. Furthermore, by using the material and method of the present invention, it is possible to realize high-speed response when the voltage is turned off, reduction of burn-in, high backlight transmittance in a low-temperature environment, and low-voltage driving compared to the conventional technology, so that it is possible to provide a material and an in-plane switching liquid crystal display element that can stably express excellent characteristics. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a horizontal electric field liquid crystal display element of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of a horizontal electric field liquid crystal display element of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] (Weak anchoring) In the present invention, "weak anchoring" means that the liquid crystal molecules have a force to regulate their orientation in the azimuthal or polar angle direction relative to the substrate, but the anchoring strength (i.e., the interfacial elastic energy that maintains the position of the liquid crystal molecules or returns them to their original state even if their orientation changes) is completely absent or, if any, is weaker than the intermolecular force between liquid crystal molecules. In the weak anchoring of the present invention, the azimuthal anchoring strength (A 2 ) is 10 -5 [J / m 2 As described in Patent Document 4, it is known that a polymer capable of forming a completely wet state with liquid crystal is provided at the substrate interface, and a polymer-liquid crystal mixed layer is formed by contacting the liquid crystal with the polymer, resulting in the weak anchoring state.

[0021] (Weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film) In the present invention, the term "weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film" refers to a film that forms a weak anchoring state by contacting liquid crystal, and is not limited to a solid film but also includes a liquid film that covers a solid surface.

[0022] (Strong anchoring, strong anchoring liquid crystal alignment film) In the present invention, the term "strong anchoring" means that the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a uniaxial direction and can maintain the liquid crystal orientation even when energy is applied from the outside, or that the liquid crystal molecules have an anchoring strength that can return them to their original position even if their orientation changes. In the present invention, the strong anchoring refers to the azimuthal anchoring strength (A 2 ) is 10 -4 [J / m 2 The term "strong anchoring liquid crystal alignment film" refers to a film that forms a strong anchoring state by contacting liquid crystal, and is not limited to a solid film but also includes a liquid film that covers a solid surface.

[0023] (Weak anchoring liquid crystal display element) A weak anchoring liquid crystal display element can be fabricated by applying the above-defined weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film and strong anchoring liquid crystal alignment film to a substrate with electrodes and laminating them together to form a pair. In a weak anchoring liquid crystal display element, the azimuthal anchoring strength of one of the liquid crystal alignment films is infinitesimally small, so that a weak electric field or external field energy can induce a change in the alignment of the liquid crystal, and it is possible to change the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in areas that normally do not move. Therefore, in display elements using comb-tooth electrodes such as IPS and FFS, the liquid crystal molecules on electrodes with weak electric field strength can also be driven, and it is possible to achieve higher transmittance and lower driving voltages compared to liquid crystal display elements in which both of the paired alignment films are composed of strong anchoring liquid crystal alignment films.

[0024] The azimuthal anchoring strength is an index that represents the strength of the interfacial elastic energy between the liquid crystal molecules and the liquid crystal alignment film in the azimuthal direction. Methods used to calculate the azimuthal anchoring strength include the torque balance method, the strong electric field method, the geometry method (external field application method), and the Freedericks transition method.

[0025] The curable composition of the present invention contains Structure (A), Structure (B) and Structure (C). The structure (A) is a structure that exhibits a weak anchoring property to liquid crystals. Structure (B) is a structure that generates radicals by the action of light or heat. The structure (C) is a structure that undergoes a curing reaction due to the generated radicals.

[0026] The curable composition contains, for example, components having Structure (A) and Structure (B), and a component having Structure (C). The curable composition contains, for example, components having Structure (A) and Structure (C), and a component having Structure (B). The curable composition contains, for example, components having Structure (A), Structure (B) and Structure (C). The curable composition contains, for example, a component having a structure (A). The component having a structure (A) contains, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polymer α and polymer β described below.

[0027] (Structure (A) exhibits weak anchoring properties for liquid crystals) The structure (A) contained in the curable composition of the present invention, which exhibits weak anchoring properties to liquid crystals, contributes to the expression of weak anchoring properties, and the weak anchoring properties are expressed by forming a curable composition-liquid crystal phase solution layer at the contact interface between the curable composition and liquid crystal.

[0028] In the present invention, as the compound having structure (A) exhibiting weak anchoring property to liquid crystal, it is preferable to use at least one of the compounds represented by the following formula (1), (2), (3), and (4).

[0029] In one embodiment, in the curable composition, the structure (A) is a structure (A') derived from a monomer selected from the following formulas (1), (2), (3), and (4).

[0030] When the curable composition contains a polymer, it is preferable that the structure (A) is contained in the polymer. For example, the polymer containing the structure (A) is obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing at least one of a compound represented by formula (1), a compound represented by formula (2), a compound represented by formula (3), and a compound represented by formula (4).

[0031] The applicant has discovered and filed applications for the following compounds represented by formula (1), (2), (3), and (4) as radical polymerizable compounds contained in a liquid crystal composition that can stably produce a weak anchoring in-plane electric field liquid crystal display element without generating a pretilt angle, and that contribute to the generation of weak anchoring (WO2022 / 030602, WO2022 / 071286, WO2022 / 196565, WO2019 / 004433. By citation herein, the contents of these publications are incorporated into this specification to the same extent as if expressly stated in their entirety.).

[0032] The applicant has also discovered and filed a patent application (WO2022 / 260048). By citing this application, the contents of this publication are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if fully set forth herein.) The applicant has also discovered and filed a patent application (WO2022 / 260048). The applicant has ...

[0033] [ka] In formula (1), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, X represents a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a thioether bond, and R 1represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms into which a bonding group may be inserted, and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, two Xs and Rs 1 may be the same or different.) Examples of the linking group in the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms into which a linking group may be inserted include an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R 11 )(R 12 )-(R 11 and R 12 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 13 )(R 14 )-O-(R 13 and R 14 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 15 )-(R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N. 11 ~R 15 The alkyl group in the formula (I) may be, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0034] [ka] (In formula (2), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, S represents a single bond or a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a bonding group inserted therein, T represents an organic group represented by the following formula (2-T), and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, the two T's may be the same or different. However, when n is 2, S represents a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a bonding group inserted therein.)

[0035] [ka] (In formula (2-T), * indicates a bond site. X is a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R 1 )(R 2 )-(R1 and R 2 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 3 )(R 4 )-O-(R 3 and R 4 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 5 )-(R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N; and Cy represents a non-aromatic cyclic group having 6 to 20 members.

[0036] The saturated hydrocarbon group for S in formula (2) refers to a n+1 valent group formed by removing n+1 hydrogen atoms from a saturated hydrocarbon (n is the same integer as n in formula (2)). When n is 1, the saturated hydrocarbon group is an alkylene group. For S in formula (2), the saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and having a bonding group inserted therein means an (n+1) valent group in which a bonding group is inserted between carbon atoms in a saturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a divalent group in which a bonding group is inserted between a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an atom bonding thereto (for example, a carbon atom). Examples of the bond group in S in formula (2) include a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, an ether bond (-O-), an ester bond (-COO- or -OCO-), an amide bond (-CONH- or -NHCO-), etc. Examples of the carbon-carbon unsaturated bond include a carbon-carbon double bond, etc., but it is preferable that the saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms into which the carbon-carbon double bond is inserted has the carbon-carbon double bond inside, not at the terminal. When n is 1, examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a bonding group inserted therein include alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and oxyalkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be a linear alkylene group, a branched alkylene group, or a cyclic alkylene group.

[0037] -Si(R) in X of formula (2-T) 1)(R 2 )-R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkyl group bonded to Si, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. -Si(R) in X of formula (2-T) 3 )(R 4 )-O-R 3 and R 4 are each independently an alkyl group bonded to Si, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. -N(R 5 )-R 5 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N. The alkyl group is, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0038] In formula (2-T), Cy is a 6- to 20-membered non-aromatic cyclic group, preferably a 8- to 18-membered non-aromatic cyclic group. Cy may also be a 12- to 20-membered non-aromatic cyclic group. In formula (2-T), X is bonded to an atom constituting the ring in Cy. Examples of atoms constituting the ring in the non-aromatic cyclic group include a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a silicon atom. The bond between atoms constituting the ring may be a single bond, a double bond, or a triple bond, with a single bond being preferred. Examples of the ring in the non-aromatic cyclic group include cyclic alkanes, cyclic ethers, and cyclic siloxanes. Examples of the cyclic ether include crown ethers. For example, in 12-crown-4, the atoms constituting the ring are carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, and the number of members is 12. The ring may be a monocyclic ring or a polycyclic ring. The number of rings in the polycyclic ring is, for example, 2 to 4. In polycyclic rings, the rings may be bonded to one another in the following three ways: Sharing of one atom: e.g. spirocyclic compounds Sharing of two atoms: When two rings share two atoms, such as decalin Bridged structure: When two rings can be considered to share three or more atoms, such as norbornane In the case of polycyclic rings, the number of ring members is determined by the number of atoms that make up the ring. For example, norbornane is a seven-membered ring. Instead of hydrogen atoms, the atoms constituting the ring may be bonded with halogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of halogen atoms include fluorine atoms and chlorine atoms.

[0039] [ka] In formula (3), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R 1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a straight or branched structure and having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and each of the three Xs independently represents a hydrogen atom or the following formula (3-X), provided that at least one of the three Xs represents the formula (3-X).

[0040] [ka] In formula (3-X), Y represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, or -N(R)- (R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms bonded to N), and * represents a bonding site. 2 , R 3 , and R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent.

[0041] R in Equation (3) 1 The aliphatic hydrocarbon group in has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and may have 1 to 8 carbon atoms, 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0042] R in formula (3-X) 2 , R 3 , and R 4The alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the formula (I) may be, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. These alkyl groups may have a straight-chain structure or a branched structure.

[0043] R in formula (3-X) 2 , R 3 , and R 4 The aromatic hydrocarbon group in may be unsubstituted or a hydrogen atom may be substituted with a substituent. Examples of the substituent of the aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent include a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The halogenation of the halogenated alkyl group and the halogenated alkoxy group may be complete or partial. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group. The number of substituents in the aromatic hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited.

[0044] In formula (3), the number of formulas (3-X) is one or more, and may be one, two, or three. In formula (3), the three X's are independent of each other. Therefore, when formula (3) contains two or more formulas (3-X), the two or more formulas (3-X) may have the same structure or different structures.

[0045] In formula (3-X), R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 At least one of R may be an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent. 2 , R 3 , and R 4may be an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent; 2 , R 3 , and R 4 may be an aromatic hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent, 2 , R 3 , and R 4 The three groups may be aromatic hydrocarbon groups which may have a substituent.

[0046] [ka] In formula (4), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R 1 ~R 3 each independently represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms into which a bonding group may be inserted; Ar represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent; X 1 and X 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent; R 1 X 1 and R 2 X 2 and R 1 X 1 and R 2 X 2 and the carbon atom bonded to R may form a ring together. 1 X 1 , R 2 X 2 and R 3 The total number of carbon atoms is 1 or more.)

[0047] R in Equation (4) 1 ~R 3 In the above, an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and having a linking group inserted therein means a divalent group in which a linking group is inserted between carbon atoms within an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a divalent group in which a linking group is inserted between an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and the carbon atom bonded thereto. Examples of the bonding group include a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, an ether bond (-O-), an ester bond (-COO- or -OCO-), an amide bond (-CONH- or -NHCO-), etc. Examples of the unsaturated bond include a carbon-carbon double bond, etc., but it is preferable that the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms into which the bonding group is inserted has a carbon-carbon double bond inside, not at its terminal. Examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and into which a bonding group may be inserted include an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an oxyalkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The oxygen atom in the oxyalkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms can be, for example, M, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 It bonds to the carbon atom bonded to. The alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be a linear alkylene group, a branched alkylene group, or a cyclic alkylene group.

[0048] X in Equation (4) 1 and X 2 Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group which may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The halogenated alkyl group and the halogenated alkoxy group may be fully halogenated or may be partially halogenated. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom.

[0049] R in Equation (4) 1 Examples of the alkylene group include a single bond and an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. More specific examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include linear alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. R in Equation (4) 2Examples of the alkylene group include a single bond and an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. More specific examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include linear alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. R in Equation (4) 3 Examples of the alkylene group include a single bond and an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. More specific examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include linear alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. X in formula (4) 1 Examples of the alkyl group include a hydrogen atom and a phenyl group. X in formula (4) 2 Examples of the alkyl group include a hydrogen atom and a phenyl group. In the formula (4), Ar may be, for example, a phenyl group.

[0050] R in Equation (4) 1 X 1 , R 2 X 2 and R 3 The total number of carbon atoms is not particularly limited as long as it is 1 or more, but may be 2 or more. In addition, R in formula (4) 1 , R 2 , and R 3 The total number of carbon atoms may be, for example, 18 or less, 15 or less, or 10 or less. In addition, X in formula (4) 1 and X 2 If is a hydrogen atom, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 The total number of carbon atoms is not particularly limited as long as it is 1 or more, but may be 2 or more. In addition, X in formula (4) 1 and X 2 In the case where at least one of the groups is an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 The total number of carbon atoms may be 0.

[0051] In formula (4), R 1 X1 and R 2 X 2 and R 1 X 1 and R 2 X 2 Examples of the ring formed by combining with the carbon atom bonded to the above include a hydrocarbon ring having 3 to 13 carbon atoms, into which a bonding group may be inserted. The bonding group is as described above.

[0052] By using the above compound structure, it is easy to achieve high-speed response when the voltage is turned off, reduced burn-in, high backlight transmittance in low-temperature environments, and low-voltage operation.

[0053] (Structure (B) that generates radicals when exposed to light or heat) The structure (B) contained in the curable composition of the present invention, which generates radicals by light or heat, has the function of generating radicals by light or heat, and a cured product can be obtained by combining it with the structure (C) which undergoes a curing reaction by the radicals.

[0054] When the curable composition contains a polymer, the structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat may be contained in the polymer, or may be contained in the curable composition as an additive separately from the polymer.

[0055] The structure (B) contains, for example, a structure (B') selected from the following structure group (P) and the following structure group (H). When the curable composition contains a compound having a structure (B) as an additive, examples of the compound having a structure (B) include compounds having chemical structures exemplified in the following structure group (P) and structure group (H). When the curable composition contains a polymer having structure (B), the polymer has, for example, a monovalent group obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from the chemical structures exemplified in the following structure groups (P) and (H), as structure (B).

[0056] The structure (B) that generates radicals by light refers to a structure that generates radicals by irradiation with light having a wavelength in the visible light or ultraviolet light region, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a structure that generates radicals by light irradiation. As specific examples thereof, the structures listed in the following structure group (P) are preferred.

[0057] (Structural group (P)) [ka] (In the formula, R 1 and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms which may be branched.

[0058] For the structure (B) that generates radicals by light, it is necessary to select a structure appropriate for the light source used. By selecting a structure appropriate for the light source, higher curing properties can be achieved.

[0059] The structure that generates radicals by heat means a structure that generates radicals by applying thermal energy, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a structure that generates radicals by heating. As specific examples thereof, the structures listed in the following structure group (H) are preferable.

[0060] (Structural group (H)) [ka] (In the formula, R 1 ~R 6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be branched.

[0061] The decomposition temperature of the structure (B), which generates radicals by heat, varies depending on the inherent structure. Therefore, by selecting an appropriate structure for the target temperature, higher curing properties can be achieved. In addition, depending on the stability of the radical species after decomposition, β-cleavage or decarboxylation may be induced, so it is desirable to select an appropriate structure depending on the purpose and application.

[0062] (Structure (C) that causes a curing reaction due to the generated radicals) The structure (C) contained in the curable composition of the present invention, which undergoes a curing reaction by the generated radicals, has the function of initiating a curing reaction by using radicals as a trigger, and a cured product can be obtained by combining it with the structure (B) which generates radicals by light or heat.

[0063] When the curable composition contains a polymer, the structure (C) that undergoes a curing reaction by the generated radicals may be contained in the polymer, or may be contained in the curable composition as an additive separately from the polymer.

[0064] When the curable composition contains a compound having a structure (C) as an additive, examples of the compound having a structure (C) include compounds having chemical structures exemplified in the following structure group (C). When the curable composition contains a polymer having structure (C), the polymer has, for example, structure (C) which is a monovalent group obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from a chemical structure exemplified in the following structure group (C).

[0065] (Structural group (C)) [ka] (In the formula, R 1 ~R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be branched, or a phenyl group, and X, Y, and Z each independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.

[0066] When the curable composition contains a compound having structure (C) as an additive, the compound having structure (C) may be a commercially available product. Examples of commercially available products include Blemmer (registered trademark) ADE-100 (polyethylene glycol diacrylate, manufactured by NOF Corporation), A-TMMT (pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), MT-3010 (multifunctional acrylate, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), and SMP-220AP (multifunctional acrylate polymer, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.).

[0067] As the polymerizable group bonded to the structure (A) exhibiting a weak anchoring property to the liquid crystal, the structure (B) generating radicals by light or heat, and the structure (C) causing a curing reaction by the generated radicals, the following structures are preferred, but are not limited thereto. Moreover, the structure (C) preferably contains a structure selected from the following formulae:

[0068] [ka] (In the formula, R 1 , and R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and X, Y, and Z each independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. 1 and* 2 represents a binding site, * 1 and* 2 Either one of the groups may be replaced by a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. n represents an integer of 1 to 5.

[0069] (Polymer α) One embodiment of the polymer α, when a block segment having a structure (A) exhibiting weak anchoring property is defined as block segment (A), a block segment having a structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat is defined as block segment (B), a block segment having a structure (C) that undergoes a curing reaction by the radicals is defined as block segment (C), and a block segment having the structures (B) and (C) is defined as block segment (BC), can be exemplified by the following block copolymer. A block copolymer having a block segment (A) and a block segment (B) A block copolymer having a block segment (A) and a block segment (C), A block copolymer having a block segment (A), a block segment (B) and a block segment (C) Block copolymer having block segment (A) and block segment (BC)

[0070] The polymer α is, for example, a copolymer consisting of two or more types of block segments obtained by living polymerization, in which at least one block segment consists of a block segment (A) that exhibits weak anchoring properties, and at least one block segment consists of a structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat, or a structure (C) that causes a curing reaction by radicals. When this copolymer is a triblock copolymer, it may be a copolymer in which one block segment consists of a block segment (A) that exhibits weak anchoring properties, one block segment consists of a structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat, and one block segment consists of a structure (C) that causes a curing reaction by radicals.

[0071] The curable composition of the present invention functions as a curable composition only when it contains both the structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat and the structure (C) that causes a curing reaction by radicals. Therefore, when the polymer α does not contain either the block segment (B) having the structure (B) or the block segment (C) having the structure (C), the function as a curable composition can be expressed by using an additive in addition to the polymer α as the missing element. For example, when the polymer α is composed of all of the block segments (A), (B), and (C), the polymer α alone functions as a curable composition, but when the polymer α is composed of the block segments (A) and (B) and does not contain the block segment (C), the function as a curable composition is expressed by using a compound containing the structure (C) as an additive in addition to the polymer α.

[0072] The block segment (A) exhibiting weak anchoring property in the polymer α preferably contains, as a constituent, at least one selected from the group consisting of the compound represented by the formula (1), the compound represented by the formula (2), the compound represented by the formula (3), and the compound represented by the following formula (4): The block segment (B) in the polymer α preferably contains, as a constituent, the structure (B) that generates radicals by exposure to light or heat. The block segment (C) in the polymer α preferably contains, as a constituent, the structure (C) that undergoes a curing reaction by the radical. The block segment (BC) in the polymer α preferably contains the above structure (B) and the above structure (C) as constituent components. It is preferable that the polymer α is a polymer in which the block segment (A) is synthesized from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the formulas (1) to (4), the block segment (B) is synthesized from the structure (B), the block segment (C) is synthesized from the structure (C), and the block segment (BC) is synthesized from the compounds represented by the structures (B) and (C).

[0073] One embodiment of the polymer α is a block copolymer having a block segment (A') and a block segment (B'), a block copolymer having a block segment (A') and a block segment (C'), a block copolymer having a block segment (A'), a block segment (B') and a block segment (C'), or a block copolymer having a block segment (A') and a block segment (B'C'). The block segment (A') preferably contains, as a constituent, at least one selected from the group consisting of the compound represented by the formula (1), the compound represented by the formula (2), the compound represented by the formula (3), and the compound represented by the formula (4). The block segment (B') in the polymer α preferably contains, as a constituent, the structure that generates radicals by exposure to light or heat. The block segment (C') in the polymer α preferably contains, as a constituent, a structure that undergoes a curing reaction by the radical. The block segment (B'C') in the polymer α preferably contains, as components, the structure that generates radicals by light or heat and the structure that undergoes a curing reaction by the radicals.

[0074] The block segment (A) and the block segment (A') are mainly in a thin film state and are swollen by the liquid crystal, and play a role in forming a weak anchoring film.

[0075] The block segment (A) and the block segment (A') preferably contain, as a side chain structure, at least one selected from the group consisting of the compound represented by formula (1), the compound represented by formula (2), the compound represented by formula (3), and the compound represented by formula (4).

[0076] The structure exhibiting weak anchoring ability, which is used to form the block segment (A) in the polymer α, is preferably the following structure, although it is not limited thereto. The structure used to form the block segment (A') in the polymer α is preferably the following structure, although it is not limited thereto.

[0077] [ka] (In the formula, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

[0078] The copolymer may have three or more types of block segments. The copolymer is preferably a copolymer in which the main chain extends linearly without branching.

[0079] Preferred embodiments of the curable composition of the present invention are as follows. The curable composition contains a component having the structure (A). The structure (A) is a structure [structure (A')] derived from a monomer selected from the formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4). Structure (B) contains a structure [structure (B')] selected from formula (B'-1) (structure group (P)) and formula (B'-2) (structure group (H)). Structure (C) contains a structure [Structure (C')] selected from formula (C'). The component having the structure (A) contains the following polymer α-1. The polymer α-1 is an example of the polymer α. [Polymer α-1]: has a block segment (Aα) having a structure (A') and a block segment (Bα) having a structure (B'); It has a block segment (Aα) and a block segment (Cα) having a structure (C'), having a block segment (Aα), a block segment (Bα) and a block segment (Cα); or It has a block segment (Aα) and a block segment (BCα) having a structure (B') and a structure (C'); Block copolymer.

[0080] Since the physical properties of the weak anchoring film vary greatly depending on the molecular weights of the block segment (A) and the block segment (A'), optimization of the molecular weight is important, although not necessary. From the viewpoint of forming a good weak anchoring film, the molecular weight of the block segment (A) and the block segment (A') is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 3,000 to 50,000. Note that this molecular weight is the number average molecular weight (Mn) in terms of polystyrene measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). In addition, the molecular weight distribution PDI (Mw / Mn), which is expressed as the ratio of the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn in terms of polystyrene measured by GPC, is preferably 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less.

[0081] The block segment (A) and the block segment (A') may be a homopolymer of the compound represented by the formulas (1) to (4), or a combination of a plurality of compounds may be used. When combined, they may be random copolymerized or block copolymerized. When combined with a compound species compatible with liquid crystal, the ratio is not particularly limited regardless of the combination method. When combined with a compound species insoluble in liquid crystal described below, the combination ratio of the compound species insoluble in liquid crystal is preferably 30 mol % or less, more preferably 20 mol % or less from the viewpoint of maintaining characteristics, but is not limited thereto. It is preferable to use these combination methods, the compound species to be combined, and the combination ratio within a range in which the desired physical properties, display characteristics, electrical characteristics, etc. can be obtained.

[0082] The block segment (B) and the block segment (B') have the function of generating radicals by light or heat in a thin film state, and contribute to the curing reaction of the block segment (C) having the structure (C) which undergoes a curing reaction by the radicals, or contribute to the curing reaction of the additive having the structure (C) when the polymer α does not contain the block segment (C).

[0083] The block segment (B) and the block segment (B') preferably contain, as a side chain structure, a compound represented by the structure that generates radicals by exposure to light or heat.

[0084] The structure that generates radicals when exposed to light and is used to form the block segment (B) and the block segment (B') in the polymer α is preferably a compound having a mother nucleus that generates radicals when exposed to light and to which a polymerizable group is added for block copolymerization, and examples thereof include the following structures, but are not limited thereto.

[0085] [ka] (In the formula, n is 0, 1, 2 or 3. A represents a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a thioether bond, and B represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and which may have a bonding group inserted therein. 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. When there is two or more As, the two or more As may be the same or different. When there are two or more Bs, the two or more Bs may be the same or different.

[0086] Examples of the bonding group in B include an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R 11 )(R 12 )-(R 11 and R 12 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 13 )(R 14 )-O-(R 13 and R 14 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 15 )-(R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N.

[0087] For the structure (B) that generates radicals by light, it is necessary to select a structure appropriate for the light source used. By selecting a structure appropriate for the light source, higher curing properties can be achieved.

[0088] The structure that generates radicals by heat is preferably a compound type having a mother nucleus that generates radicals by heat and having a polymerizable group added thereto for block copolymerization, and examples thereof include the following structures, but are not limited thereto.

[0089] [ka] (In the formula, n is 0, 1, 2 or 3. A represents a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a thioether bond, and B represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms into which a bonding group may be inserted. 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. When there is two or more As, the two or more As may be the same or different. When there are two or more Bs, the two or more Bs may be the same or different.

[0090] Examples of the bonding group in B include an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R 11 )(R 12 )-(R 11 and R 12 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 13 )(R 14 )-O-(R 13 and R 14 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 15 )-(R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N.

[0091] Block segment (B) and block segment (B') are combined with at least one of block segment (C) and an additive having a structure (C) that undergoes a curing reaction by radicals to stabilize the curable composition. On the other hand, block segment (A) is dominant in the physical properties of the weak anchoring film, and block segment (B) is not significantly involved. Therefore, it is sufficient that the stability of the film is complemented by block segment (B) and block segment (B'), and the optimal molecular weight for complementing the stability of the film is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the type of compound used. In addition, the method of generating radicals differs depending on the type of compound used, and in the case of compound species that generate radicals by light, the exposure wavelength region where radicals are generated varies depending on the structure, and in the case of compound species that generate radicals by heat, the temperature region where radicals are generated varies depending on the structure. Furthermore, since the curability varies depending on the degree of polymerization, it is appropriate to control the type of compound constituting the block segment (B) and the block segment (B') and its degree of polymerization according to the application and purpose.

[0092] In the synthesis of the block segment (B) and the block segment (B'), the compound containing the structure that generates radicals by light or heat may be used alone, or a plurality of compounds may be used in combination. As described above, the block segment (B) and the block segment (B') are block segments that contribute to the stability of the film and do not significantly contribute to the weak anchoring property, so that the type of compound to be combined and the method of combination are not particularly limited as long as the stabilization of the film is complemented.

[0093] The block segment (C) and the block segment (C') have the function of initiating a curing reaction by radicals in a thin film state, and contribute to curing by utilizing radicals generated from the block segment (B) having the structure (B) which generates radicals by light or heat, or contribute to curing by utilizing radicals generated from an additive having the structure (B) when the polymer α does not contain the block segment (B).

[0094] The block segment (C) and the block segment (C') preferably contain, as a side chain structure, a structure that undergoes a curing reaction by the radical.

[0095] The structure that undergoes a curing reaction by a radical is preferably a compound type that has a mother nucleus that undergoes a curing reaction by the radical and has a polymerizable group added thereto for block copolymerization, and examples thereof include the following structures, but are not limited thereto.

[0096] [ka] (In the formula, n and m are each independently 0, 1, 2, or 3. A represents a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a thioether bond, and B represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms into which a bonding group may be inserted. Each C is independently a single bond, a phenylene group, or a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the phenylene group and the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms may be substituted with a cyano group, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Each D is independently a single bond, -O-, -C(=O)-O-, -OC(=O)-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-C(=O)-O- or -OC(=O)-CH=CH-. R 1 , and R 2 , R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. When A, B, C, and D each have two or more, A, B, C, and D may be the same or different.

[0097] Examples of the bonding group in B include an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R 11 )(R 12 )-(R 11 and R 12 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 13 )(R 14 )-O-(R 13 and R 14 Each independently represents an alkyl group bonded to Si. 15 )-(R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N.

[0098] Block segment (C) and block segment (C') are responsible for stabilizing the curable composition by combining with at least one of block segment (B) and an additive having a structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat. On the other hand, block segment (A) is dominant in the physical properties of the weak anchoring film, and block segment (C) is not significantly involved. Therefore, it is sufficient that the stability of the film is complemented by block segment (C) and block segment (C'), and the optimal molecular weight for complementing the stability of the film is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the type of compound used. In addition, radical polymerization reactivity differs depending on the type of compound used, and curability changes depending on the degree of polymerization. Therefore, it is appropriate to control the type of compound constituting the block segment (C) and the block segment (C') and its degree of polymerization according to the application and purpose.

[0099] In the synthesis of the block segment (C) and the block segment (C'), a compound containing a structure that undergoes a curing reaction by the radical may be used alone, or a combination of multiple compounds may be used. As described above, the block segment (C) and the block segment (C') are block segments that contribute to the stability of the film and do not significantly contribute to the weak anchoring property, so there are no particular limitations on the type of compound to be combined or the method of combination as long as the stabilization of the film is complemented.

[0100] The block segment (BC) and the block segment (B'C') contribute to the stabilization of the thin film in the thin film state.

[0101] The block segment (BC) and the block segment (B'C') preferably contain, as a side chain structure, a compound represented by the structure that generates radicals by light or heat and the structure that causes a curing reaction by the radicals.

[0102] Block segment (BC) and block segment (B'C') have structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat and structure (C) that causes a curing reaction by radicals in the same block segment, and the block segment alone can be responsible for stabilization. On the other hand, block segment (A) is dominant in the physical properties of the weak anchoring film, and block segment (BC) does not play a major role. Therefore, it is sufficient that block segment (BC) and block segment (B'C') complement the stability of the film, and the optimal molecular weight that can complement the stability of the film is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the type of compound used.

[0103] The structure (B) and the structure (C) constituting the block segment (BC) and the block segment (B'C') may be either a random copolymer or a gradient copolymer.

[0104] One embodiment of the polymer α is characterized by being a copolymer having a block segment (A) that contributes to the expression of weak anchoring properties and a block segment (B), (C), or (BC) that contributes to the curing properties of the film, but the number of block segments is not limited, and a configuration having a plurality of block segments such as (A)-(BC)-(A) may be used, and the number and combination of these block segments are not particularly limited. In addition, it is also possible to introduce a block segment that imparts electrical properties. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis, the number of block segments is preferably about 2 to 4, and from the viewpoint of film stability, the block segment at the end of the polymer is preferably the block segment (B), (C), or (BC).

[0105] As described above, the block segment (A) is responsible for the weak anchoring properties, and the molecular weight of the block segment (A) greatly affects the properties. Therefore, the molecular weight ratio between the block segment (A) and the block segment (B), (C), or (BC), which contributes to curing, is not limited.

[0106] One embodiment of the polymer α is characterized by being a copolymer having a block segment (A') that contributes to the expression of weak anchoring properties and a block segment (B'), (C'), or (B'C') that contributes to the curing properties of the film, but the number of block segments is not limited, and a configuration having a plurality of block segments such as (A')-(B'C')-(A') may be used, and the number and combination of these block segments are not particularly limited. In addition, a block segment that imparts electrical properties can also be introduced. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis, the number of block segments is preferably about 2 to 4, and from the viewpoint of film stability, the block segment at the end of the polymer is preferably the block segment (B'), (C'), or (B'C').

[0107] As described above, the block segment (A') is responsible for the weak anchoring properties, and the molecular weight of the block segment (A') greatly affects the properties. Therefore, the molecular weight ratio between the block segment (A') and the block segment (B'), (C'), or (B'C'), which contributes to curing, is not limited.

[0108] The polymer α can be obtained, for example, by living polymerization. Living polymerization is a polymerization reaction that is not accompanied by side reactions such as chain transfer reactions and termination reactions during the polymerization reaction, and can produce a polymer with a narrow molecular weight distribution and a highly controlled structure. For example, a method can be used in which a stable covalent bond species called a dormant species is introduced into the polymerization active site to suppress deactivation of the active site and prevent side reactions such as chain transfer reactions and termination reactions from occurring. Examples of living polymerizations include those using radicals, cations, and anions as active species, and it is important to use them appropriately depending on the structure and properties of the polymerizable compound to be used. When obtaining a block polymer, which is the polymer α used in the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention, the polymerization method does not need to be particularly limited, but in cationic polymerization and anionic polymerization, alkali metals, metal complexes, and halogen compounds are often used to generate active species, and since the inclusion of metal residues and halogen compounds in liquid crystal displays can cause image sticking and display defects, it is preferable to use radical polymerization that does not use metals or halogen compounds as much as possible. Examples of living radical polymerization include living radical polymerization (NMP) using nitroxide as a dormant species, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using a metal complex, reversible addition-elimination chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) using a sulfur compound as a dormant, living radical polymerization (TERP) using an organic tellurium compound, etc., and reversible transfer catalyst polymerization (RTCP) using an alkyl iodide compound as a dormant species and a phosphorus compound, alcohol, etc. as a catalyst, etc., and preferred polymerization methods include living radical polymerization such as NMP, RTCP, and RAFT polymerization, and particularly preferably NMP or RAFT polymerization.

[0109] When NMP is used, examples of the polymerization initiator to be used include 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), benzoyl peroxide, 1,1'-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane, and hydrogen peroxide. The proportion of the polymerization initiator to be used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, and preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, relative to 1 molar part of the monomer to be used. Examples of the nitroxide include compounds represented by the following formulas (N-1) to (N-12). The proportion of the nitroxide to be used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, and preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, relative to 1 molar part of the monomer to be used. The reaction temperature in the above polymerization is preferably 20 to 200°C, more preferably 40 to 150°C, and the reaction time is preferably 1 to 168 hours, more preferably 8 to 72 hours.

[0110] [ka]

[0111] When using RTCP, in addition to low-molecular-weight dormant species that contribute to the expression of living properties, it is necessary to use an iodide catalyst or hydride catalyst and a polymerization initiator to promote the reaction. Examples of the polymerization initiator used include 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), benzoyl peroxide, 1,1'-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane, hydrogen peroxide, etc. The proportion of the polymerization initiator used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, per 1 molar part of the monomer used. Examples of low molecular dormant species include compounds represented by the following formulas (Q-1) to (Q-3). The proportion of low molecular dormant species used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, per 1 molar part of the monomer used. Examples of the iodide catalyst include compounds represented by the following formulae (P-1) to (P-4). The proportion of the iodide catalyst used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 parts by mole, and preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 parts by mole, per 1 part by mole of the monomer used. Examples of the hydride catalyst include compounds represented by the following formulae (O-1) to (O-6). The proportion of the hydride catalyst used is 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, relative to 1 molar part of the monomer used. In general, the reaction temperature in the polymerization is preferably 20 to 200°C, more preferably 40 to 150°C, and the reaction time is preferably 1 to 168 hours, more preferably 8 to 72 hours.

[0112] [ka]

[0113] [ka]

[0114] [ka]

[0115] When RAFT polymerization is used, examples of the polymerization initiator to be used include 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), benzoyl peroxide, 1,1'-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane, and hydrogen peroxide. The proportion of the polymerization initiator to be used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, relative to 1 molar part of the monomer to be used. The chain transfer agent (RAFT agent) is preferably trithiocarbonate, dithiobenzoate, dithiocarbamate, or xanthate, and specific examples include compounds represented by the following formulas (R-1) to (R-24). The proportion of the chain transfer agent to be used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, relative to 1 molar part of the monomer to be used. The reaction temperature in the above polymerization is preferably 20 to 200° C., more preferably 40 to 150° C., and the reaction time is preferably 1 to 168 hours, more preferably 8 to 72 hours.

[0116] [ka] [ka]

[0117] Living radical properties emerge in RAFT polymerization because compounds capable of reversibly deactivating propagating radical species exist, such that the majority of living chains are in a dormant form, and a rapid equilibrium exists between active and dormant chains.

[0118] By using RAFT polymerization, it is possible to control the polymer end groups, as well as the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution to a high degree.

[0119] To precisely synthesize functional polymers using RAFT polymerization, it is necessary to select an appropriate chain transfer agent taking into account the reactivity of the monomers.

[0120] In RAFT polymerization, the polymer end can be controlled by thermally or chemically modifying the RAFT ends present at the growing ends. When modifying thermally, the ends can be modified to unsaturated hydrocarbon groups by heating above the temperature at which the RAFT agent used decomposes. When modifying chemically, the ends can be modified to thiol bonds by contacting with primary amines, secondary amines, etc., which involves aminolysis. Furthermore, it is possible to provide new block segments at the ends by contacting with new monomers and radical generators.

[0121] In RAFT polymerization, molecular weight control is possible by using the following equation (eq1): Specifically, the number average molecular weight (Mn) changes linearly with the ratio of the molar concentration of the monomer to the molar concentration of the chain transfer agent, making it possible to control the molecular weight.

number

[0122] In addition, when the copolymer obtained by the above polymerization is dissolved in the reaction solution, the reaction solution may be directly used for preparing the liquid crystal alignment agent, or the copolymer contained in the reaction solution may be isolated and then used for preparing the liquid crystal alignment agent.

[0123] As the polymerization initiator for radical polymerization, known compounds such as radical polymerization initiators (radical thermal polymerization initiators, radical photopolymerization initiators) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization agents can be used.

[0124] The radical thermal polymerization initiator is a compound that generates radicals when heated to a temperature equal to or higher than its decomposition temperature. Examples of such radical thermal polymerization initiators include ketone peroxides (methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, etc.), diacyl peroxides (acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, etc.), hydroperoxides (hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, etc.), dialkyl peroxides (di-tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, etc.), peroxyketals (dibutylperoxycyclohexane, etc.), alkyl peroxy esters (peroxyneodecanoic acid-tert-butyl ester, peroxypivalic acid-tert-butyl ester, peroxy 2-ethylcyclohexanoic acid-tert-amyl ester, etc.), persulfates (potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, etc.), and azo compounds (azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)azobisisobutyronitrile, etc.). The radical thermal polymerization initiator may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.

[0125] The radical photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that initiates radical polymerization by irradiation with light. Examples of such radical photopolymerization initiators include benzophenone, Michler's ketone, 4,4'-bis(diethylamino)benzophenone, xanthone, thioxanthone, isopropylxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, acetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4'-isopropylpropiophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, isopropyl benzoin ether, isobutyl benzoin ether ...propyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ether, isopropyl benzoin ,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, camphorquinone, benzanthrone, 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)-1-butanone, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, isoamyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, 4,4'-bis(tert-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, 3,4,4'-tris(tert-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, dicarbonyl)benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 2-(4'-methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine, 2-(3',4'-dimethoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine, 2-(2',4'-dimethoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine, 2-(2'-methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine, 2-(4'-pentyloxy) p-Dimethylaminostyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine, 4-[pN,N-di(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)]-2,6-di(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)-5-(2'-chlorophenyl)-s-triazine, 1,3-bis(trichloromethyl)-5-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-s-triazine, 2-(p-Dimethylaminostyryl)benzoxazole, 2-(p-Dimethylaminostyryl)benzothiazole, 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole, 3,3'-Carbonylbis(7-diethylaminocoumarin), 2-(o-chlorophenyl)-4,4',5,5'-tetraphenyl-1,2'-biimidazole, 2,2'-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-4,4',5,5'-tetrakis(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)-1,2'-biimidazole, 2,2'-bis(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4',5,5'-tetraphenyl-1,2'-biimidazole, 2,2'-bis(2,4-dibromophenyl)-4,4',5,5'-tetraphenyl-1,2'-biimidazole, 2,2'-bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)-4,4',5,5'-tetraphenyl-1,2'-biimidazole, 3-(2-methyl-2-dimethylaminopropionyl)carbazole, 3,6-bis(2-methyl-2-morpholinopropionyl)-9-n-dodecylcarbazole, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, bis(η5-2,4-cyclohexyl) peroxycarbonyl)-bis(2,6-difluoro-3-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl)titanium, 3,3',4,4'-tetrakis(tert-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, 3,3',4,4'-tetrakis(tert-hexylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, 3,3'-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-4,4'-bis(tert-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, 3,4'-bis( methoxycarbonyl)-4,3'-bis(tert-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, 4,4'-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-3,3'-bis(tert-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, 2-(3-methyl-3H-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)-1-naphthalen-2-yl-ethanone, 2-(3-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)-1-(2-benzoyl)ethanone, etc. The radical photopolymerization initiator may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0126] The organic solvent used in the synthesis of the polymer α may be any solvent that does not chemically react with the compounds constituting the copolymer and does not trap radicals. For example, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-diethylformamide, N-methylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-methylcaprolactam, N,N-diethylacetamide, N,N-dipropylacetamide, 3-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpropanamide, N,N-diethylpropionamide, diethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, tetramethylurea, Pyridine, dimethyl sulfone, hexamethylphosphoramide, gamma-butyrolactone, isopropyl alcohol, methoxymethyl pentanol, dipentene, ethyl amyl ketone, methyl nonyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, butyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monoacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol-tert-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoacetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monopropyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, diisopropyl ether, ethyl isobutyl ether, diisobutylene,Amyl acetate, butyl butyrate, butyl ether, diisobutyl ketone, methylcyclohexene, propyl ether, dihexyl ether, dioxane, n-hexane, n-pentane, n-octane, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, benzene, xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, cyclohexanone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, propylene glycol acetate Monoethyl ether, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, 3-ethoxypropionic acid, 3-methoxypropionic acid, propyl 3-methoxypropionate, butyl 3-methoxypropionate, diglyme, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, 3-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpropanamide, 3-ethoxy-N,N-dimethylpropanamide, 3-butoxy-N,N-dimethylpropanamide, propyl pyruvate, butyl pyruvate , pentyl pyruvate, hexyl pyruvate, 2-ethylhexyl pyruvate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, propyl acetoacetate, butyl acetoacetate, pentyl acetoacetate, hexyl acetoacetate, 2-ethylhexyl acetoacetate, methyl levulinate, ethyl levulinate, propyl levulinate, butyl levulinate, pentyl levulinate, hexyl levulinate, 2-ethylhexyl levulinate, dimethyl malonate, dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl phthalate, dimethyl maleate, diethyl malonate, coumarin, Diethyl succinate, diethyl glutarate, diethyl adipate, diethyl phthalate, diethyl maleate, dipropyl malonate, dipropyl succinate, dipropyl glutarate, dipropyl adipate, dipropyl phthalate, dipropyl maleate, dibutyl malonate, dibutyl succinate, dibutyl glutarate, dibutyl adipate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl maleate, dipentyl malonate, dipentyl succinate, dipentyl glutarate, dipentyl adipate, dipentyl phthalate, dipentyl maleate, dihexyl malonate, dihexyl succinate,Examples of the organic solvent include dihexyl glutarate, dihexyl adipate, dihexyl phthalate, dihexyl maleate, di-2-ethylhexyl malonate, 2-ethylhexyl succinate, 2-ethylhexyl glutarate, 2-ethylhexyl adipate, 2-ethylhexyl phthalate, and 2-ethylhexyl maleate. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination.

[0127] The radical polymerization method is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, a precipitation polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, or a solution polymerization method. The organic solvent used in the radical polymerization reaction is not particularly limited as long as the generated polymer can be dissolved in the organic solvent. Specific examples thereof include the above-mentioned specific organic solvents. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0128] Furthermore, even if the solvent does not dissolve the produced polymer, it may be mixed with the above-mentioned organic solvent to the extent that the produced polymer does not precipitate. In addition, since oxygen in an organic solvent inhibits the polymerization reaction in radical polymerization, it is preferable to use an organic solvent that has been degassed to the greatest extent possible. In addition, when the block copolymer obtained by the above polymerization is dissolved in the reaction solution, the reaction solution may be directly used for the preparation of the liquid crystal alignment agent, or the block copolymer contained in the reaction solution may be isolated and then used for the preparation of the liquid crystal alignment agent. The polymerization temperature during radical polymerization can be selected from any temperature between 30 and 150°C, but is preferably in the range of 50 to 100°C. The reaction can be carried out at any concentration, but if the concentration is too low, it becomes difficult to obtain a polymer with a high molecular weight, and if the concentration is too high, the viscosity of the reaction solution becomes too high, making uniform stirring difficult. Therefore, the monomer concentration is preferably 5 to 70% by mass, more preferably 10 to 50% by mass. In addition, an organic solvent may be added during the polymerization process to provide a gradient in the polymerization concentration.

[0129] The polymer generated from the reaction solution obtained by the above reaction can be recovered by pouring the reaction solution into a poor solvent and precipitating it, but this reprecipitation treatment is not essential. Examples of poor solvents used for precipitation include methanol, acetone, hexane, heptane, butyl cellosolve, heptane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethanol, toluene, benzene, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, and water. The polymer precipitated by pouring into a poor solvent can be recovered by filtration, and then dried at room temperature or by heating under normal or reduced pressure. In addition, the recovered polymer can be redissolved in an organic solvent and the reprecipitation recovery operation can be repeated 2 to 10 times to reduce impurities in the polymer. Examples of poor solvents in this case include alcohols, ketones, and hydrocarbons, and it is preferable to use three or more poor solvents selected from these because the efficiency of purification is further improved.

[0130] (Polymer β) One embodiment of the polymer β is a graft copolymer having a branch polymer that contributes to the expression of weak anchoring property and a trunk polymer that undergoes a radical curing reaction by light or heat. Note that the graft copolymer is radically cured by the trunk polymer by light or heat. The branch polymers are attached to the trunk polymer as side chains of the trunk polymer. The polymer β is, for example, the following graft copolymer. A graft copolymer in which the branch polymer has the structure (A) and the trunk polymer has the structure (B). A graft copolymer in which the branch polymer has the structure (A) and the trunk polymer has the structure (C). A graft copolymer in which the branch polymer has the structure (A) and the trunk polymer has the structure (B) and the structure (C).

[0131] A graft copolymer is a general term for a polymer having a branched structure, and refers to a polymer having both a polymer corresponding to a "trunk" and a polymer corresponding to a "branch" bonded to the trunk as a side chain of the trunk. In one embodiment of the curable composition and liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention, a graft copolymer is used as the polymer β, and the graft copolymer is characterized by having a branch polymer that contributes to the expression of weak anchoring property and a trunk polymer that undergoes a radical curing reaction by light or heat. That is, the branch polymer that contributes to the expression of weak anchoring property is compatible with the liquid crystal and swells to contribute to the formation of a weak anchoring state, while the trunk polymer radically cures the graft copolymer by light or heat, thereby preventing the elution of the graft copolymer into the liquid crystal, and by fixing to the substrate, crosslinking between polymers, and crosslinking with the sealing component, a weak anchoring liquid crystal display element excellent in film hardness and seal adhesion strength can be obtained.

[0132] One embodiment of the graft copolymer of the present invention is characterized in that it has a branch polymer that exhibits weak anchoring property and a trunk polymer that undergoes a radical curing reaction by light or heat. Note that the trunk polymer has a structure that undergoes a radical curing reaction by light or heat so that the graft copolymer is incompatible with liquid crystal or so that the mechanical strength of the curable composition is maintained.

[0133] The graft copolymer of the present invention has a branch polymer that exhibits weak anchoring ability and a trunk polymer that undergoes a radical curing reaction by light or heat, and these are preferably linked in a random arrangement by free radical polymerization, which provides high seal adhesion, solvent selectivity, and coatability.

[0134] The applicant has discovered and filed a patent application (WO2023 / 048278). By citing the disclosure herein, the contents of this publication are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if fully set forth herein.) The applicant has discovered and filed a patent application (WO2023 / 048278. By citing the disclosure herein, the contents of this publication are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if fully set forth herein). The applicant has discovered and filed a patent application (WO2023 / 048278. By citing the disclosure herein, the contents of this publication are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if fully set forth herein).

[0135] The "branch polymer" in the graft copolymer of the present invention mainly plays a role in exhibiting weak anchoring properties.

[0136] The structure of the branch polymer that exhibits the weak anchoring property is not particularly limited as long as it is soluble in the liquid crystal. For example, the branch polymer can be derived from a macromonomer represented by the following formula (5).

[0137] [ka] (In formula (5), P represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, Q represents a structure obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing at least one of the compounds represented by formulas (1) to (4), and n represents an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, the two Qs may be the same or different.)

[0138] The structure of the branch polymer excluding the terminal (for example, the structure of Q in formula (5)) may be, for example, a homopolymer structure using only one type of monomer represented by the above formulas (1) to (4), or a copolymer structure combining a plurality of monomers. When a plurality of monomers are combined, they may be random copolymerized or block copolymerized. When the monomers represented by the above formulas (1) to (4) are combined, the ratio is not particularly limited regardless of the combination method. It is preferable to use these synthesis methods, monomers to be combined, and combination ratios within a range in which the desired physical properties, display characteristics, electrical characteristics, etc. can be obtained.

[0139] By using the above compound structure, it is easy to achieve high-speed response when the voltage is turned off, reduced burn-in, high backlight transmittance in low-temperature environments, and low-voltage operation.

[0140] The structure of P in the above formula (5) and the polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group of the polymerizable compound used to form Q may be selected from polymerizable groups having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group that can be used in the polymerizable compound used to form the block segment (A) or block segment (B) or block segment (C) in the polymer α, but are not limited thereto.

[0141] The monomer used for synthesis of the branch polymer may be a single component, or a combination of multiple monomers. In addition, other monomers capable of radical polymerization reaction, which will be described later, may be used in combination.

[0142] Preferred embodiments of the curable composition of the present invention are as follows. The curable composition contains a component having the structure (A). The structure (A) is a structure [structure (A')] derived from a monomer selected from the formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4). Structure (B) contains a structure [structure (B')] selected from formula (B'-1) (structure group (P)) and formula (B'-2) (structure group (H)). Structure (C) contains a structure [Structure (C')] selected from formula (C'). The component having the structure (A) contains the following polymer β-1. The polymer β-1 is an example of the polymer β. [Polymer β-1]: A graft copolymer having a trunk polymer and a branch polymer bonded to the trunk polymer as a side chain of the trunk polymer, The branch polymer has the structure (A') and the trunk polymer has the structure (B'), the polymer has structure (A') and the backbone polymer has structure (C'); or the branch polymer has structure (A'), and the trunk polymer has structure (B') and structure (C'); Graft copolymer.

[0143] In the polymer β, the branch polymer is largely involved in the expression of the weak anchoring property. Since the physical properties of the weak anchoring film change depending on the molecular weight of the branch polymer, it is important to optimize the molecular weight. From the viewpoint of forming a good weak anchoring film, the molecular weight of the branch polymer is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 3,000 to 50,000, and the molecular weight distribution (PDI), which is expressed as the ratio of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn), is preferably 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less. When the graft copolymer is synthesized by a grafting through method using a macromonomer, the molecular weight referred to here corresponds to the molecular weight of the macromonomer.

[0144] The "trunk polymer" in the graft copolymer of the present invention plays a major role in imparting curability and high mechanical strength to the curable composition in a thin film state.

[0145] The trunk polymer in the graft copolymer of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is derived from a compound that undergoes a radical curing reaction by light or heat. For example, the trunk polymer can be a combination of structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat in the above-mentioned block copolymer and structure (C) that undergoes a curing reaction by radicals. The trunk polymer does not necessarily have to contain both the structure (B) and the structure (C), but if it does not contain either of them, a compound that exerts the same effect as the missing component must be used as an additive, as in the case of the block copolymer. For example, when a graft copolymer containing structure (A) in a branch polymer and structure (B) in a branch polymer but not containing structure (C) is treated as a curable composition, a compound containing structure (C) must be added separately from the graft copolymer.

[0146] By using the above-mentioned compound structure, the polymer β is less likely to dissolve into the liquid crystal as a curable composition due to heat generated when the liquid crystal is driven or when the backlight is turned on, and defects are less likely to occur.

[0147] The "trunk polymer" may be a single polymer of the above compound, or a combination of multiple compounds may be used. When combined with a compound having structure (B) or structure (C), the ratio is not particularly limited regardless of the combination method. When combined with structure (A) that exhibits the weak anchoring property, the preferred combination ratio of the compound species containing structure (A) is 70 mol% or less, more preferably 50 mol% or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing elution into liquid crystal and maintaining mechanical strength. However, as described above, the "trunk polymer" is merely a unit that contributes to the stability of the film and is not significantly involved in the weak anchoring property, so there are no particular limitations on the compound species to be combined or the method of combination as long as the stabilization of the film is complemented.

[0148] The "polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group" in the polymerizable compound used to form the "trunk polymer" may be selected from polymerizable groups having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group that can be used in the polymerizable compound used to form the block segment (A), block segment (B), or block segment (C) in the above polymer α, but is not limited thereto.

[0149] The "backbone polymer" is mainly responsible for stabilization in the thin film state and does not significantly affect the physical properties of the weakly anchored film. It is sufficient that the "trunk polymer" complements the film stability, and the optimal molecular weight for complementing the film stability is not particularly limited, as it varies depending on the type of compound used. On the other hand, in order to achieve a balance between the coatability, seal adhesion, film strength, and good weak anchoring properties of the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film, the ratio of "branch polymer" and "trunk polymer" to be introduced is also an important factor. For example, branch polymers play an important role in the weak anchoring properties, and if the ratio of branch polymers introduced is high, the strength of the film is impaired and heat curing is inhibited, so it is necessary to consider the appropriate amount to be introduced. As described above, the amount and molecular weight of the "trunk polymer" introduced do not affect (are small) the weak anchoring properties, so in order to achieve both of the above properties, it is preferable to make the ratio of the number of molecules of the macromonomer represented by formula (5) used in the synthesis of the branch polymer small relative to the number of molecules of the monomer having structure (B) or structure (C) used in the synthesis of the trunk polymer (introduction ratio). The preferred introduction ratio (macromonomer represented by formula (5) / monomer having structure (B) or structure (C)) is 0.1 / 99.9 to 50 / 50 (mol / mol), and more preferably 0.2 / 99.8 to 30 / 70 (mol / mol).

[0150] Considering the strength of the resulting coating film, the workability during coating film formation, and the uniformity of the coating film, the weight average molecular weight of the graft copolymer measured by GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) is preferably 2,000 to 5,000,000, and more preferably 5,000 to 2,000,000.

[0151] The macromonomer represented by formula (5), which is the raw material for forming the branch polymer of the graft copolymer, the polymer β, can be obtained, for example, by a combination of living polymerization, chain transfer polymerization, and polymer end modification reaction. For example, as reported in the following reference, a chain transfer polymer having a carboxylic acid group at one end can be synthesized by chain transfer polymerization of methyl methacrylate using thioglycolic acid as a chain transfer agent, and a macromonomer having a methacrylic acid group at one end can be synthesized by polymer reaction of this with glycidyl methacrylate (Ito, K., Usami, N., Yamashita, Y.: Macromolecules, 13, 216 1980.). It has also been reported that continuous bulk polymerization at high temperatures of 200°C or higher can produce polymers having radically polymerizable unsaturated bonds at the terminal groups (Toagosei Research Annual TREND 2002, No. 5).

[0152] When chain transfer polymerization is used, examples of the polymerization initiator used include 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), benzoyl peroxide, 1,1'-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane, and hydrogen peroxide. The proportion of the polymerization initiator used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, relative to 1 molar part of the monomer used. As the chain transfer agent, it is preferable to use thiols, and specific examples include compounds represented by the following formulas (S-1) to (S-16). The proportion of the chain transfer agent used is usually 0.000001 to 0.1 molar parts, preferably 0.00001 to 0.01 molar parts, relative to 1 molar part of the monomer used. The reaction temperature in the above polymerization is preferably 20 to 200° C., more preferably 40 to 150° C., and the reaction time is preferably 1 to 168 hours, more preferably 8 to 72 hours.

[0153] [ka] (In formulas (S-1) to (S-16), Me represents a methyl group, and Et represents an ethyl group.)

[0154] By using chain transfer polymerization, it is possible to control the polymer terminals, the molecular weight, and the molecular weight distribution.

[0155] In chain transfer polymerization, polymers are obtained through the competitive reaction of chain transfer and propagation reactions. The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polymer obtained by chain transfer polymerization are determined by the chain transfer constant (Cs), which is expressed as [chain transfer rate constant (kc) / propagation rate constant (kp)]. In general, chain transfer polymerization is best configured with Cs in the range of 1 to 60, and it is important to use the correct monomer and chain transfer agent types, and to combine them correctly.

[0156] The chain transfer constant (Cs) varies greatly depending on the type of monomer and chain transfer agent used, so it is important to select them appropriately.

[0157] The main synthesis methods for graft copolymers include the grafting-to method, in which a branch polymer is directly introduced into a trunk polymer, the grafting-from method, in which a monomer is polymerized from a macroinitiator (a trunk polymer having a polymerization active site) to extend a branch polymer, and the grafting-through method, in which a macromonomer (a polymer having a polymerizable functional group at one end) is polymerized. Since any of these methods can be used, the synthesis method is not limited.

[0158] The method for producing the graft copolymer is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose method that is used industrially can be used. Specifically, the graft copolymer can be produced by radical polymerization, cationic polymerization, or anionic polymerization using the above-mentioned monomers. Among these, radical polymerization is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of ease of reaction control, etc.

[0159] As the polymerization initiator for the radical polymerization, known compounds such as radical polymerization initiators (radical thermal polymerization initiators, radical photopolymerization initiators) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization agents can be used, and the same compounds as those for polymer α can be used.

[0160] In the above-mentioned radical polymerization reaction, if the ratio of the radical polymerization initiator is high relative to the monomer, the molecular weight of the obtained polymer will be small, and if the ratio is low, the molecular weight of the obtained polymer will be large, so the ratio of the radical initiator is preferably 0.1 to 10 mol% relative to the monomer to be polymerized. In addition, various monomer components, solvents, initiators, etc. can also be added during polymerization.

[0161] The organic solvent used for the synthesis of polymer β may be any organic solvent that does not chemically react with the compounds constituting the copolymer and does not trap radicals, and may be the same as the organic solvent used for the synthesis of polymer α. The organic solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0162] Furthermore, even if the solvent does not dissolve the produced polymer, it may be mixed with the above-mentioned organic solvent to the extent that the produced polymer does not precipitate. In addition, since oxygen in an organic solvent inhibits the polymerization reaction in radical polymerization, it is preferable to use an organic solvent that has been degassed to the greatest extent possible. In addition, when the graft copolymer obtained by the above polymerization is dissolved in the reaction solution, the reaction solution may be directly used for preparing the liquid crystal alignment agent, or the graft copolymer contained in the reaction solution may be isolated and then used for preparing the liquid crystal alignment agent. The polymerization temperature during radical polymerization can be selected from any temperature between 30 and 150°C, but is preferably in the range of 50 to 100°C. The reaction can be carried out at any concentration, but if the concentration is too low, it becomes difficult to obtain a polymer with a high molecular weight, and if the concentration is too high, the viscosity of the reaction liquid becomes too high, making uniform stirring difficult, so the monomer concentration is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 40% by mass. The reaction can be carried out at a high concentration in the early stages, and then an organic solvent can be added.

[0163] Furthermore, even if the solvent does not dissolve the produced polymer, it may be mixed with the above-mentioned organic solvent to the extent that the produced polymer does not precipitate. In addition, since oxygen in an organic solvent inhibits the polymerization reaction in radical polymerization, it is preferable to use an organic solvent that has been degassed to the greatest extent possible. In addition, when the graft copolymer obtained by the above polymerization is dissolved in the reaction solution, the reaction solution may be directly used for preparing the liquid crystal alignment agent, or the graft copolymer contained in the reaction solution may be isolated and then used for preparing the liquid crystal alignment agent. The polymerization temperature during radical polymerization can be selected from any temperature between 30 and 150°C, but is preferably in the range of 50 to 100°C. The reaction can be carried out at any concentration, but if the concentration is too low, it becomes difficult to obtain a polymer with a high molecular weight, and if the concentration is too high, the viscosity of the reaction liquid becomes too high, making uniform stirring difficult, so the monomer concentration is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 40% by mass. The reaction can be carried out at a high concentration in the early stages, and then an organic solvent can be added.

[0164] In the above-mentioned radical polymerization reaction, if the ratio of the radical polymerization initiator is high relative to the monomer, the molecular weight of the obtained polymer will be small, and if the ratio is low, the molecular weight of the obtained polymer will be large, so the ratio of the radical initiator is preferably 0.1 to 10 mol% relative to the monomer to be polymerized. In addition, various monomer components, solvents, initiators, etc. can also be added during polymerization.

[0165] The polymer generated from the reaction solution obtained by the above reaction can be recovered by pouring the reaction solution into a poor solvent and precipitating it, but this reprecipitation treatment is not essential. Examples of poor solvents used for precipitation include methanol, acetone, hexane, heptane, butyl cellosolve, heptane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethanol, toluene, benzene, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, and water. The polymer precipitated by pouring into a poor solvent can be recovered by filtration, and then dried at room temperature or by heating under normal or reduced pressure. In addition, the impurities in the polymer can be reduced by repeating the operation of redissolving the recovered polymer in an organic solvent and reprecipitating and recovering it 2 to 10 times. Examples of poor solvents in this case include alcohols, ketones, and hydrocarbons, and it is preferable to use three or more poor solvents selected from these because the efficiency of purification is further improved.

[0166] Considering the strength of the resulting coating film, the workability during coating film formation, and the uniformity of the coating film, the weight average molecular weight of the graft copolymer measured by GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) is preferably 2,000 to 5,000,000, and more preferably 5,000 to 2,000,000.

[0167] Graft copolymers have branch polymers that contribute to weak anchoring and backbone polymers that are radically cured by light or heat, and these are linked in a random arrangement by free radical polymerization, which provides high seal adhesion, solvent selectivity, and coatability.

[0168] (Curable composition) The curable composition of the present invention is a curable composition that exhibits weak anchoring properties and is cured by light or heat, and therefore can be used as a liquid crystal alignment agent, and can be used, for example, to form a liquid crystal alignment film of a liquid crystal cell having liquid crystal and a liquid crystal alignment film. In particular, by configuring it to be cured by light and to be radically cured at a low temperature of 100°C or less, baking is not required, or the characteristics are expressed by low-temperature baking, so that it can be used as a liquid crystal alignment film that requires low temperatures due to the influence of other components. Furthermore, in the configuration that is cured by light, it is possible to create cured and uncured parts corresponding to exposed and unexposed parts through a photomask, and the curable composition that selectively exhibits weak anchoring properties can be patterned. In the liquid crystal alignment agent, the composite components other than the components that exhibit weak anchoring properties and that constitute the alignment film may be monomers or polymers. When a polymer is selected as the composite component, a mixture of multiple polymers can be used. The composite polymer may contain polymer components such as polyamic acid, polyimide, polyamic acid ester, polyamide, polyester, polyurea, polyacrylate, and polyorganosiloxane, and may contain a silane coupling agent or other additives. The composite polymer may have at least one of structure (B) and structure (C). From the viewpoint of improving electrical properties and reliability, it is preferable to use the polymer (P) containing at least one of Structure (A), Structure (B), and Structure (C) in combination with a different component, and in particular, it is preferable to use polyamic acid, polyimide, etc. in combination. The compounding ratio of the polymer to be compounded with the polymer (P) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of optical properties and processability, the compounding ratio (the ratio of the compound component to the total of the polymer (P) and the compound component) is 99 mass% or less, more preferably 70 mass% or less. The amount of additives to be added is also not particularly limited. When selecting a monomer as the compound component, a mixture of multiple monomers can be used. In addition, as the compounding monomer, a thermosetting monomer such as a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate, a polyfunctional epoxide, or a polyfunctional ethylene is preferable, and a thermal acid generator, a thermal base generator, a thermal radical generator, etc. may be used in combination at the same time. The compounding ratio of the monomer to be compounded with the polymer (P) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of optical properties and processability, the compounding ratio is 99 mass% or less, more preferably 70 mass% or less.

[0169] When polyamic acid or polyimide is used as the composite component, the diamine components used in the synthesis of polyamic acid or polyimide include the following diamines: p-phenylenediamine, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, 2,4-dimethyl-m-phenylenediamine, 2,5-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene, 2,5-diaminophenol, 2,4-diaminophenol, 3,5-diaminophenol, 3,5-diaminobenzyl alcohol, 2,4-diaminobenzyl alcohol, 4,6-diaminoresorcinol, 4,4'-diaminobenzyl alcohol, 4,5'-diaminobenzyl alcohol, 4,6'-diaminobenzyl alcohol, 4,5 ... Aminobiphenyl, 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3'-dimethoxy-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3'-dihydroxy-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3'-dicarboxy-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3'-difluoro-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 3,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3'-diaminobiphenyl, 2,2'-diaminobiphenyl, 2,3'-diaminobiphenyl Aminobiphenyl, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 2,2'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 2,3'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 2,2'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 2,3'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline, 3,3'-sulfonyldianiline, biphenyl Bis(4-aminophenyl)silane, bis(3-aminophenyl)silane, dimethyl-bis(4-aminophenyl)silane, dimethyl-bis(3-aminophenyl)silane, 4,4'-thiodianiline, 3,3'-thiodianiline, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine, 3,3'-diaminodiphenylamine, 3,4'-diaminodiphenylamine, 2,2'-diaminodiphenylamine, 2,3'-diaminodiphenylamine, N-methyl(4,4'-diaminodiphenyl)amine, N-methyl(3,3'-diaminodiphenyl)amine, N-methyl(3,4'-diaminodiphenyl)amine, N-methyl(2,2'-diaminodiphenyl)amine, N-methyl(2,3'-diaminodiphenyl)amine, 4,4'-diaminobenzophenone, 3,3'-diaminobenzophenone, 3,4'-diaminobenzophenone, 2,2'-diaminobenzophenone, 2,3'-diaminobenzophenone, 1,4-diaminonaphthalene, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 1,6-diaminonaphthalene, 1,7-diaminonaphthalene, 1,8- Diaminonaphthalene, 2,5-diaminonaphthalene, 2,6-diaminonaphthalene, 2,7-diaminonaphthalene, 1,2-bis(4-aminophenyl)ethane, 1,2-bis(3-aminophenyl)ethane, 1,3-bis(4-aminophenyl)propane, 1,3-bis(3-aminophenyl)propane, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenyl)butane, 1,4-bis(3-aminophenyl)butane, bis(3,5-diethyl-4-aminophenyl)methane, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene, 1,3-bis(4- aminophenoxy)benzene, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenyl)benzene, 1,3-bis(4-aminophenyl)benzene, 1,4-bis(4-aminobenzyl)benzene, 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene, 4,4'-[1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]dianiline, 4,4'-[1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]dianiline, 3,4'-[1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]dianiline, 3,4'-[1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]dianiline, 3,3'-[1,4-phenylene bis(methylene)]dianiline, 3,3'-[1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]dianiline, 1,4-phenylenebis[(4-aminophenyl)methanone], 1,4-phenylenebis[(3-aminophenyl)methanone], 1,3-phenylenebis[(4-aminophenyl)methanone], 1,3-phenylenebis[(3-aminophenyl)methanone], 1,4-phenylenebis(4-aminobenzoate), 1,4-phenylenebis(3-aminobenzoate), 1,3-phenylenebis(4-aminobenzoate), 1,3-phenylenebis(3-aminobenzoate), bis(4-aminophenyl)terephthalate, bis(3-aminophenyl)terephthalate, bis(4-aminophenyl)isophthalate, bis(3-aminophenyl)isophthalate, N,N'-(1,4-phenylene)bis(4-aminobenzamide), N,N'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(4-aminobenzamide), N,N'-(1,4-phenylene)bis(3-aminobenzamide), N,N'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(3-aminobenzamide), N,N'-bis(4-amino N,N'-bis(3-aminophenyl)terephthalamide, N,N'-bis(4-aminophenyl)isophthalamide, N,N'-bis(3-aminophenyl)isophthalamide, 9,10-bis(4-aminophenyl)anthracene, 4,4'-bis(4-aminophenoxy)diphenylsulfone, 2,2'-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane, 2,2'-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane, 2,2'-bis(4-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane propane, 2,2'-bis(3-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane, 2,2'-bis(3-amino-4-methylphenyl)hexafluoropropane, 2,2'-bis(4-aminophenyl)propane, 2,2'-bis(3-aminophenyl)propane, 2,2'-bis(3-amino-4-methylphenyl)propane, trans-1,4-bis(4-aminophenyl)cyclohexane, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, 2,5-diaminobenzoic acid, bis(4-aminophenoxy)methane, 1,2-bis(4-aminophenoxy)ethane, 1,3-bis (4-aminophenoxy)propane, 1,3-bis(3-aminophenoxy)propane, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)butane, 1,4-bis(3-aminophenoxy)butane, 1,5-bis(4-aminophenoxy)pentane, 1,5-bis(3-aminophenoxy)pentane, 1,6-bis(4-aminophenoxy)hexane, 1,6-bis(3-aminophenoxy)hexane, 1,7-bis(4-aminophenoxy)heptane, 1,7-bis(3-aminophenoxy)heptane, 1,8-bis(4-aminophenoxy)octane, 1,Aromatic diamines such as 8-bis(3-aminophenoxy)octane, 1,9-bis(4-aminophenoxy)nonane, 1,9-bis(3-aminophenoxy)nonane, 1,10-bis(4-aminophenoxy)decane, 1,10-bis(3-aminophenoxy)decane, 1,11-bis(4-aminophenoxy)undecane, 1,11-bis(3-aminophenoxy)undecane, 1,12-bis(4-aminophenoxy)dodecane, and 1,12-bis(3-aminophenoxy)dodecane; alicyclic diamines such as bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane and bis(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methane; 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,6-diaminohexane, and 1,7-diaminoheptane. aliphatic diamines such as 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,11-diaminoundecane, and 1,12-diaminododecane; diamines having a urea structure such as 1,3-bis[2-(p-aminophenyl)ethyl]urea and 1,3-bis[2-(p-aminophenyl)ethyl]-1-tert-butoxycarbonylurea; diamines having a nitrogen-containing unsaturated heterocyclic structure such as Np-aminophenyl-4-p-aminophenyl(tert-butoxycarbonyl)aminomethylpiperidine; and diamines having an N-Boc group (Boc represents a tert-butoxycarbonyl group) such as N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl)-N-(4-aminobenzyl)amine.

[0170] The above diamines can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The tetracarboxylic dianhydride to be reacted with the diamine component is not particularly limited. Specifically, pyromellitic acid, 2,3,6,7-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,5,6-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,6,7-anthracenetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,5,6-anthracenetetracarboxylic acid, 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,3',4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)ether, 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)ether ... 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)propane, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)propane, bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)dimethylsilane, bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)diphenylsilane, 2,3,4,5-pyridinetetracarboxylic acid, 2,6-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)pyridine, 3,3',4,4'-diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic acid, 3,4,9,1 0-Perylenetetracarboxylic acid, 1,3-diphenyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, oxydiphthaltetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1, 2,3,4-Cycloheptanetetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydrofurantetracarboxylic acid, 3,4-Dicarboxy-1-cyclohexylsuccinic acid, 2,3,5-Tricarboxycyclopentylacetic acid, 3,4-Dicarboxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenesuccinic acid, bicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4,6,8-tetracarboxylic acid, bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane-2,4,7,9-tetracarboxylic acid, bicyclo[4.4.0]decane-2,4,7,9-tetracarboxylic acid, bicyclo[4.4.0] decane-2,4,8,10-tetracarboxylic acid, tricyclo[6.3.0.0<2,6>] undecane-3,5,9,11-tetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid, 4-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrinaphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, bicyclo[2.2.2] oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid, 5-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuryl)-3-methyl-3-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, tetracyclo[6.2.1.1.0<2,7>] dodeca-4,5,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid, 3,5,6-tricarboxynorbornane-2:3,5:6 dicarboxylic acid, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid and other tetracarboxylic acid dianhydrides.

[0171] Of course, one or more kinds of tetracarboxylic dianhydrides may be used in combination.

[0172] In the synthesis when the polymer as the composite component is a polyamic acid ester, the structure of the tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester to be reacted with the above diamine component is not particularly limited, but specific examples are given below. Specific examples of the aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid diester include 1,2,3,4-cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, 1,2-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, 1,2,3,4-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, 1,2,3,4-cyclopentane tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrofuran tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexane tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, 3,4-dicarboxy-1-cyclohexyl succinic acid dialkyl ester, 3,4-dicarboxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalene succinic acid dialkyl ester, 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester, esters, bicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4,6,8-tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, 3,3',4,4'-dicyclohexyl tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentyl acetate dialkyl esters, cis-3,7-dibutylcycloocta-1,5-diene-1,2,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, tricyclo[4.2.1.0<2,5>]nonane-3,4 ,7,8-tetracarboxylic acid-3,4:7,8-dialkyl ester, hexacyclo[6.6.0.1<2,7>.0<3,6>.1<9,14>.0<10,13>]hexadecane-4,5,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid-4,5:11,12-dialkyl ester, 4-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,2-dicarbon dialkyl ester, and the like.

[0173] Examples of aromatic tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters include pyromellitic acid dialkyl esters, 3,3',4,4'-biphenyl tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, 2,2',3,3'-biphenyl tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, 2,3,3',4-biphenyl tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, 3,3',4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, 2,3,3',4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)ether dialkyl esters, bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)sulfone dialkyl esters, 1,2,5,6-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters, and 2,3,6,7-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl esters.

[0174] In the synthesis of polyurea as the polymer of the composite component, the diisocyanate to be reacted with the diamine component is not particularly limited and can be used depending on availability, etc. The specific structure of the diisocyanate is shown below. [ka] R in the formula 2 , and R 3 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0175] Aliphatic diisocyanates shown in formulae (K-1) to (K-5) have the advantage of being inferior in reactivity but improving solvent solubility, while aromatic diisocyanates shown in formulae (K-6) to (K-13) are highly reactive and have the effect of improving heat resistance, but have the disadvantage of reducing solvent solubility. In terms of versatility and characteristics, formulae (K-1), (K-7), (K-8), (K-9), and (K-10) are preferred, while formula (K-12) is preferred from the viewpoint of electrical characteristics, and formula (K-13) is preferred from the viewpoint of liquid crystal alignment. Two or more types of diisocyanates can be used in combination, and it is preferable to apply them in various ways depending on the characteristics to be obtained.

[0176] In addition, a part of the diisocyanate may be replaced with the above-described tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and the polyimide may be used in the form of a copolymer of polyamic acid and polyurea, or may be used in the form of a copolymer of polyimide and polyurea by chemical imidization.

[0177] In the synthesis when the polymer as the composite component is a polyamide, the structure of the dicarboxylic acid to be reacted is not particularly limited, but specific examples are as follows:

[0178] Examples of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids include malonic acid, oxalic acid, dimethylmalonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, muconic acid, 2-methyladipic acid, trimethyladipic acid, pimelic acid, 2,2-dimethylglutaric acid, 3,3-diethylsuccinic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and suberic acid. Examples of alicyclic dicarboxylic acids include 1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 3,4-diphenyl-1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 1-cyclobutene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, 1-cyclobutene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid, 1,1-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,1-cyclohexane ...3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid Examples of the dicarboxylic acid include cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-(2-norbornene)dicarboxylic acid, norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, 2,5-dioxo-1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-adamantanedicarboxylic acid, 4,8-dioxo-1,3-adamantanedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-spiro[3.3]heptanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-adamantanediacetic acid, and camphoric acid. Examples of aromatic dicarboxylic acids include o-phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 5-methylisophthalic acid, 5-tert-butylisophthalic acid, 5-aminoisophthalic acid, 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid, 2,5-dimethylterephthalic acid, tetramethylterephthalic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-anthracenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-anthraquinonedicarboxylic acid, 2,5-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 1,5-biphenylenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4"-terphenyldicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylmethanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylethanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylpropanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenyl Examples of dicarboxylic acids include hexafluoropropane dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-bibenzyl dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-stilbene dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-trans dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-carbonyl dibenzoic acid, 4,4'-sulfonyl dibenzoic acid, 4,4'-dithio dibenzoic acid, p-phenylene diacetic acid, 3,3'-p-phenylene dipropionic acid, 4-carboxycinnamic acid, p-phenylene diacrylic acid, 3,3'-[4,4'-(methylene di-p-phenylene)] dipropionic acid, 4,4'-[4,4'-(oxydi-p-phenylene)] dipropionic acid, 4,4'-[4,4'-(oxydi-p-phenylene)] dibutyric acid, (isopropylidenedi-p-phenylenedioxy) dibutyric acid, and bis(p-carboxyphenyl) dimethylsilane. Examples of dicarboxylic acids containing a heterocycle include 1,5-(9-oxofluorene)dicarboxylic acid, 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid, 4,5-thiazoledicarboxylic acid, 2-phenyl-4,5-thiazoledicarboxylic acid, 1,2,5-thiadiazole-3,4-dicarboxylic acid, 1,2,5-oxadiazole-3,4-dicarboxylic acid, 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, and 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.

[0179] The above-mentioned various dicarboxylic acids may have an acid dihalide or anhydride structure. It is preferable that these dicarboxylic acids are capable of giving a polyamide having a linear structure, in order to maintain the alignment of liquid crystal molecules. Among these, terephthalic acid, isoterephthalic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylmethanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylethanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylpropanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylhexafluoropropanedicarboxylic acid, 2,2-bis(phenyl)propanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4"-terphenyldicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, or acid dihalides thereof are preferably used. Some of these compounds have isomers, and mixtures containing them may be used. Two or more compounds may be used in combination. The dicarboxylic acids used in the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned exemplary compounds.

[0180] A known synthesis method can be used to obtain polyamic acid, polyamic acid ester, polyurea, or polyamide by reacting a diamine (also referred to as a "diamine component") as a raw material with a component selected from a tetracarboxylic dianhydride (also referred to as a "tetracarboxylic dianhydride component"), a tetracarboxylic diester, a diisocyanate, and a dicarboxylic acid as raw materials. Generally, the method involves reacting a diamine component with one or more components selected from a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component, a tetracarboxylic diester, a diisocyanate, and a dicarboxylic acid in an organic solvent.

[0181] One of the preferred embodiments of the polyacrylate as the composite component is a polyacrylate other than the graft copolymer of the present invention described above, for example, a polymer obtained by polymerizing an industrially available monomer capable of radical polymerization using a general radical generator.

[0182] Specific examples of industrially available radically polymerizable monomers include unsaturated carboxylic acids, acrylic acid ester compounds, methacrylic acid ester compounds, maleimide compounds, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, styrene compounds, and vinyl compounds.

[0183] Specific examples of unsaturated carboxylic acids include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid.

[0184] Examples of the acrylic acid ester compound include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, naphthyl acrylate, anthryl acrylate, anthryl methyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, methoxytriethylene glycol acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, 3-methoxybutyl acrylate, 2-methyl-2-adamantyl acrylate, 2-propyl-2-adamantyl acrylate, 8-methyl-8-tricyclodecyl acrylate, and 8-ethyl-8-tricyclodecyl acrylate. Acrylate compounds having a cyclic ether group, such as glycidyl acrylate, (3-methyl-3-oxetanyl)methyl acrylate, and (3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl)methyl acrylate, can also be used.

[0185] Examples of the methacrylic acid ester compound include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, naphthyl methacrylate, anthryl methacrylate, anthryl methyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate, methoxytriethylene glycol methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, 3-methoxybutyl methacrylate, 2-methyl-2-adamantyl methacrylate, 2-propyl-2-adamantyl methacrylate, 8-methyl-8-tricyclodecyl methacrylate, and 8-ethyl-8-tricyclodecyl methacrylate. Methacrylate compounds having a cyclic ether group, such as glycidyl methacrylate, (3-methyl-3-oxetanyl)methyl methacrylate, and (3-ethyl-3-oxetanyl)methyl methacrylate, can also be used.

[0186] Examples of the vinyl compound include vinyl ether, methyl vinyl ether, benzyl vinyl ether, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, phenyl vinyl ether, and propyl vinyl ether.

[0187] Examples of the styrene compound include styrene, methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, and bromostyrene.

[0188] Examples of the maleimide compound include maleimide, N-methylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, and N-cyclohexylmaleimide.

[0189] In addition to the above industrially available monomers capable of radical polymerization, side chain type polymers using monomers having a liquid crystalline side chain structure (hereinafter referred to as liquid crystalline side chain monomers) and photosensitive monomers having a photosensitive group (hereinafter referred to as photoreactive side chain monomers) can also be used.

[0190] The liquid crystalline side chain monomer is a monomer that allows a polymer derived from the monomer to exhibit liquid crystallinity and form a mesogenic group at the side chain site. More specific examples of liquid crystalline side chain monomers are preferably structures having a polymerizable group composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of radical polymerizable groups such as hydrocarbons, (meth)acrylates, itaconates, fumarates, maleates, α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone, styrene, vinyl, maleimides, and norbornenes, and a side chain having at least one of the above-mentioned "mesogenic groups possessed by liquid crystalline side chains".

[0191] The liquid crystalline side chain monomer is preferably a monomer in which a liquid crystalline side chain selected from the following formulae (LS-1) to (LS-13) is bonded to a radically polymerizable polymerizable group. The radically polymerizable polymerizable group may be a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group exemplified in the description of the graft copolymer of the present invention. [ka] [ka] (In formulas (LS-1) to (LS-12), A 1 and A 2 are each independently a single bond, -O-, or -CH 2 -, -C(=O)-O-, -OC(=O)-, -C(=O)NH-, -NHC(=O)-, -CH=CH-C(=O)O-, or -OC(=O)-CH=CH-, R 11 -NO 2 , -CN, a halogen atom, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, a furanyl group, a monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; R 12 represents a group selected from the group consisting of a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, a furanyl group, a monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group obtained by combining these groups; R11 and R 12 In the formula, the hydrogen atoms bonded to these are -NO 2 , -CN, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R 13 is a hydrogen atom, -NO 2 , -CN, -CH=C(CN) 2 , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen atom, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, a furanyl group, a monovalent nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; E represents -C(=O)O- or -OC(=O)-; d represents an integer from 1 to 12; k1 to k5 are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, but the sum of k1 to k5 in each formula is 2 or greater; k6 and k7 are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, but the sum of k6 and k7 in each formula is 1 or greater; m1, m2, and m3 are each independently an integer of 1 to 3; n is 0 or 1; 1 and Z 2 are each independently a single bond, -C(=O)-, or -CH 2 O-, -CH=N- or -CF 2 -. The dashed line represents a bond.)

[0192] In the photoreactive side chain monomer, a photosensitive side chain is bonded to the main chain, and the photoreactive side chain monomer is a monomer having a side chain that can undergo a crosslinking reaction, an isomerization reaction, or a photo-fries rearrangement in response to light. The structure of the photosensitive side chain is not particularly limited, but a structure that can undergo a crosslinking reaction or a photo-fries rearrangement in response to light is preferable, and a structure that can undergo a crosslinking reaction is more preferable. In this case, even if exposed to external stress such as heat, the realized alignment control ability can be stably maintained for a long period of time. The structure of the photosensitive side chain type acrylic polymer film that can exhibit liquid crystallinity is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies such characteristics, but it is preferable that the side chain structure has a rigid mesogen component.

[0193] The acrylic polymer may have a structure having, for example, a main chain and side chains bonded thereto, the side chains having a mesogen component such as a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenylcyclohexyl group, a phenylbenzoate group or an azobenzene group, and a photosensitive group bonded to the tip thereof which undergoes a crosslinking reaction or an isomerization reaction in response to light; or a main chain and side chains bonded thereto, the side chains being mesogen components and having phenylbenzoate groups which undergo a photo-induced Fries rearrangement reaction.

[0194] A more specific example of the structure of the photosensitive side-chain acrylic polymer capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity within a predetermined temperature range is preferably a structure having a main chain composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of radical polymerizable groups such as hydrocarbons, (meth)acrylates, itaconates, fumarates, maleates, α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone, styrene, vinyl, maleimides, and norbornene, and a side chain composed of at least one of the following formulas (31) to (35). [ka] In the formula, Ar 1 and Ar 2 each independently represents a divalent organic group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a pyrrole ring, a furan ring, a thiophene ring, or a pyridine ring, q1 and q2 are one 1 and the other 0, Y 1 -Y 2 represents CH=CH, CH=N, N=CH or CC (wherein the carbon-carbon bond is a triple bond), S 1 and S 2each independently represents a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, a phenylene group, or a biphenylylene group, or represents one or more bonds selected from a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urea bond, a urethane bond, -NR- (R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), and a carbonyl group, or a combination thereof, or a structure in which 2 to 10 moieties selected from a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, a phenylene group, a biphenylylene group, or a combination thereof are bonded via the one or more bonds, 1 and Ar 2 may have a structure in which a plurality of each of the groups are linked via the bond, R represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, an amino group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylamino group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a dialkylamino group having 2 to 16 carbon atoms; Ar 1 , Ar 2 , S 1 and S 2 The benzene ring and / or naphthalene ring in may be substituted with one or more identical or different substituents selected from a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a carboxy group, and an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms. In this case, the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms may be linear, branched, or cyclic, or may have a structure combining these, and a hydrogen atom in the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may be substituted with a halogen atom.

[0195] The method for producing the polyacrylate is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose method that is used industrially can be used. Specifically, the polyacrylate can be produced by cationic polymerization, radical polymerization, or anionic polymerization using the vinyl group of a liquid crystal side chain monomer or a photoreactive side chain monomer. Among these, radical polymerization is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of ease of reaction control.

[0196] As the polymerization initiator for radical polymerization, known radical polymerization initiators such as AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile) and known compounds such as reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization agents can be used.

[0197] The radical polymerization method is not particularly limited, and an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a dispersion polymerization method, a precipitation polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, etc. can be used.

[0198] The organic solvent used in the polymerization reaction of the photosensitive side-chain acrylic polymer capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity in a predetermined temperature range is not particularly limited as long as the produced polymer is soluble in the organic solvent. Specific examples are given below. N,N-Dimethylformamide, N,N-Diethylformamide, N,N-Dibutylformamide, N,N-Dimethylacetamide, N,N-Diethylacetamide, N,N-Dipropylacetamide, N,N-Dimethylpropionamide, N,N-Diethylpropionamide, 3-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethylpropanamide, N-Methylformamide, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 2-Pyrrolidone, 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-Methyl-ε-caprolactam, N,N-Diethylacetamide, N,N-Dipropylacetamide, 3-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethylpropanamide, N,N-Diethylpropionamide, Diethylformamide, Dimethylsulfoxide, Tetramethylurea, Pyridine, Dimethylsulfone, Hexamethylphosphoramide, γ-Butyrolactone, Isopropyl Alcohol, Methoxymethylpentanol, Dipentene, Ethyl Amyl Ketone, Methyl Nonyl Ketone, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, Methyl Isoamyl Ketone, Methyl Isopropyl Ketone, Methyl Cellosolve, Ethyl Cellosolve, Methyl Cellosolve Acetate, Butyl Cellosolve Acetate, Ethyl Cellosolve Acetate, Butyl Carbitol, Ethyl Carbitol, Ethylene Glycol, Ethylene Glycol Monoacetate, Ethylene Glycol Monoisopropyl Ether, Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether (Butyl Cellosolve), Propylene Glycol, Propylene Glycol Monoacetate, Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether, Propylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether, Propylene Glycol-te rt-Butyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoacetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monopropyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, diisopropyl ether, ethyl isobutyl ether, diisobutylene, amyl acetate, butyl butyrate, butyl ether, diisobutyl ketone, methylcyclohexene, propyl ether, dihexyl ether, 1,4-Dioxane, n-hexane, n-pentane, n-octane, cyclohexane, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, benzene, xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, cyclohexanone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, 3-ethoxypropionic acid, 3-methoxypropionic acid, propyl 3-methoxypropionate, butyl 3-methoxypropionate, diglyme, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, 3-ethoxy-N,N-dimethylpropanamide, 3-butoxy-N,N-Dimethylpropanamide, Propyl pyruvate, Butyl pyruvate, Pentyl pyruvate, Hexyl pyruvate, 2-ethylhexyl pyruvate, Methyl acetoacetate, Ethyl acetoacetate, Propyl acetoacetate, Butyl acetoacetate, Pentyl acetoacetate, Hexyl acetoacetate, 2-ethylhexyl acetoacetate, Methyl levulinate, Ethyl levulinate, Propyl levulinate, Butyl levulinate, Pentyl levulinate, Hexyl levulinate, 2-ethylhexyl levulinate, Dimethyl malonate, Dimethyl succinate, Dimethyl glutarate, Dimethyl adipate, Dimethyl phthalate, Dimethyl maleate, Diethyl malonate, Diethyl succinate, Diethyl glutarate, Diethyl adipate, Diethyl phthalate, Diethyl maleate, Dipropyl malonate , dipropyl succinate, dipropyl glutarate, dipropyl adipate, dipropyl phthalate, dipropyl maleate, dibutyl malonate, dibutyl succinate, dibutyl glutarate, dibutyl adipate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl maleate, dipentyl malonate, dipentyl succinate, dipentyl glutarate, dipentyl adipate, dipentyl phthalate, dipentyl maleate, dihexyl malonate, dihexyl succinate, dihexyl glutarate, dihexyl adipate, dihexyl phthalate, dihexyl maleate, di-2-ethylhexyl malonate, 2-ethylhexyl succinate, 2-ethylhexyl glutarate, 2-ethylhexyl adipate, 2-ethylhexyl phthalate, and 2-ethylhexyl maleate. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination. Furthermore, even if the solvent does not dissolve the polymer to be produced, it may be mixed with the organic solvent described above as long as the polymer does not precipitate. In addition, since oxygen in an organic solvent inhibits the polymerization reaction in radical polymerization, it is preferable to use an organic solvent that has been degassed to the greatest extent possible.

[0199] The polymerization temperature during radical polymerization can be selected from any temperature between 30 and 150°C, but is preferably between 50 and 100°C. The reaction can be carried out at any concentration, but if the concentration is too low, it becomes difficult to obtain a polymer with a high molecular weight, and if the concentration is too high, the viscosity of the reaction liquid becomes too high, making uniform stirring difficult, so the monomer concentration is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass. The reaction can be carried out at a high concentration in the early stages, and then an organic solvent can be added. In the above-mentioned radical polymerization reaction, if the ratio of the radical polymerization initiator is high relative to the monomer, the molecular weight of the resulting polymer will be small, and if it is low, the molecular weight of the resulting polymer will be large, so the ratio of the radical initiator is preferably 0.1 to 10 mol% relative to the monomer to be polymerized. In addition, various monomer components, solvents, initiators, etc. can also be added during polymerization.

[0200] When recovering the polymer produced from the reaction solution of the photosensitive side-chain polymer capable of expressing liquid crystallinity obtained by the above-mentioned reaction, the reaction solution may be poured into a poor solvent to precipitate the polymer. Examples of poor solvents used for precipitation include methanol, acetone, hexane, heptane, butyl cellosolve, heptane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethanol, toluene, benzene, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, and water. The polymer precipitated by pouring into the poor solvent can be recovered by filtration, and then dried at room temperature or by heating under normal or reduced pressure. In addition, the polymer precipitated and recovered can be redissolved in an organic solvent and the reprecipitation and recovery operation can be repeated 2 to 10 times to reduce impurities in the polymer. Examples of poor solvents in this case include alcohols, ketones, and hydrocarbons, and it is preferable to use three or more poor solvents selected from these because the efficiency of purification is further improved.

[0201] The molecular weight of the photosensitive side-chain acrylic polymer capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity within a predetermined temperature range is preferably a weight average molecular weight measured by GPC method of 2,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 5,000 to 100,000, taking into consideration the strength of the resulting coating film, the workability during coating film formation, and the uniformity of the coating film.

[0202] Examples of organic solvents used in liquid crystal alignment agents include N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-methylcaprolactam, N,N-diethylacetamide, N,N-dipropylacetamide, 3-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpropanamide, N,N-diethylpropionamide, diethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, tetramethylurea, pyridine, dimethylsulfate, and the like. , hexamethylphosphoramide, γ-butyrolactone, isopropyl alcohol, methoxymethyl pentanol, dipentene, ethyl amyl ketone, methyl nonyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, butyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol Licor monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monoacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol-tert-butyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoacetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monopropyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, diisopropyl ether, ethyl isobutyl ether, diisobutylene, amyl acetate, butyl butyrate, butyl ether, diisobutyl ketone, methylcyclohexene, propyl ether,Dihexyl ether, dioxane, n-hexane, n-pentane, n-octane, diethyl ether, cyclohexanone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, 3-ethoxypropionic acid, 3-methoxypropionic acid, propyl 3-methoxypropionate, butyl 3-methoxypropionate, diglyme, 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, 1-Methoxy-2-propanol, 1-Ethoxy-2-propanol, 1-Butoxy-2-propanol, 1-Phenoxy-2-propanol, Propylene glycol diacetate, Propylene glycol-1-monomethyl ether-2-acetate, Propylene glycol-1-monoethyl ether-2-acetate, Dipropylene glycol, 2-(2-ethoxypropoxy)propanol, 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, Ethylene glycol, Propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol) ol), 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,3-hexanediol, 2,4-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 3,5-hexa 1,2-heptane glycol, 1,3-heptanediol, 1,4-heptanediol, 1,5-heptanediol, 1,6-heptanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,2-octanediol, 1,4-octanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,2-nonanediol, 1,3-nonanediol, 1,5-nonanediol, 1,6-nonanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,2-decanediol, 1,5-decanediol, 1,8-decanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,2-cyclohexanediol,1,3-Cyclohexanediol, 1,4-Cyclohexanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, glycerol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, propyl pyruvate, butyl pyruvate, pentyl pyruvate, hexyl pyruvate, 2-ethylhexyl pyruvate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, propyl acetoacetate, butyl acetoacetate, pentyl acetoacetate, hexyl acetoacetate, 2-ethylhexyl acetoacetate, methyl levulinate, ethyl levulinate, propyl levulinate, butyl levulinate, pentyl levulinate, hexyl levulinate, 2-ethylhexyl levulinate, dimethyl malonate, dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl phthalate, dimethyl maleate, diethyl malonate, diethyl succinate, glutaric acid, Diethyl talate, diethyl adipate, diethyl phthalate, diethyl maleate, dipropyl malonate, dipropyl succinate, dipropyl glutarate, dipropyl adipate, dipropyl phthalate, dipropyl maleate, dibutyl malonate, dibutyl succinate, dibutyl glutarate, dibutyl adipate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl maleate, dipentyl malonate, dipentyl succinate, dipentyl glutarate, adipic Examples of the organic solvent include dipentyl acetate, dipentyl phthalate, dipentyl maleate, dihexyl malonate, dihexyl succinate, dihexyl glutarate, dihexyl adipate, dihexyl phthalate, dihexyl maleate, di-2-ethylhexyl malonate, 2-ethylhexyl succinate, 2-ethylhexyl glutarate, 2-ethylhexyl adipate, 2-ethylhexyl phthalate, and 2-ethylhexyl maleate. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination.

[0203] In addition, it is preferable to use a solvent that improves the uniformity and smoothness of the coating film by mixing it with an organic solvent in which it has high solubility.

[0204] Examples of solvents that improve the uniformity and smoothness of the coating film include isopropyl alcohol, methoxymethyl pentanol, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, butyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol acetate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl cellosolve), propylene glycol, propylene glycol monoacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol-tert-butyl ether, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoacetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, and dipropylene glycol. Monoacetate monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monopropyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, diisopropyl ether, ethyl isobutyl ether, diisobutylene, amyl acetate, butyl butyrate, butyl ether, diisobutyl ketone, methylcyclohexene, propyl ether, dihexyl ether, n-hexane, n-pentane, n-octane , diethyl ether, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, n-propyl lactate, n-butyl lactate, isoamyl lactate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, 3-ethoxypropionic acid, 3-methoxypropionic acid, propyl 3-methoxypropionate, butyl 3-methoxypropionate, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, 1-butoxy-2-propanol,1-phenoxy-2-propanol, propylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol-1-monomethyl ether-2-acetate, propylene glycol-1-monoethyl ether-2-acetate, dipropylene glycol, 2-(2-ethoxypropoxy)propanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, propyl pyruvate, butyl pyruvate, pentyl pyruvate, hexyl pyruvate, 2-ethylhexyl pyruvate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, propyl acetoacetate, butyl acetoacetate, pentyl acetoacetate, hexyl acetoacetate, 2-ethylhexyl acetoacetate, methyl levulinate, ethyl levulinate, propyl levulinate, butyl levulinate, pentyl levulinate, hexyl levulinate, 2-ethylhexyl levulinate, dimethyl malonate, dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl phthalate, dimethyl maleate, Dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, diethyl succinate, diethyl glutarate, diethyl adipate, diethyl phthalate, diethyl maleate, dipropyl malonate, dipropyl succinate, dipropyl glutarate, dipropyl adipate, dipropyl phthalate, dipropyl maleate, dibutyl malonate, dibutyl succinate, dibutyl glutarate, dibutyl adipate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl maleate, dipentyl malonate, dipentyl succinate, Examples of the solvent include dipentyl ruthelate, dipentyl adipate, dipentyl phthalate, dipentyl maleate, dihexyl malonate, dihexyl succinate, dihexyl glutarate, dihexyl adipate, dihexyl phthalate, dihexyl maleate, di-2-ethylhexyl malonate, 2-ethylhexyl succinate, 2-ethylhexyl glutarate, 2-ethylhexyl adipate, 2-ethylhexyl phthalate, and 2-ethylhexyl maleate. A plurality of these solvents may be mixed. When these solvents are used, they are preferably 5 to 80% by mass, more preferably 20 to 60% by mass, of the total solvent contained in the liquid crystal alignment agent.

[0205] The curable composition of the present invention may contain components other than those described above. Examples of such components include compounds that improve the film thickness uniformity and surface smoothness when the composition contained in the curable composition is applied, compounds that improve the adhesion between the composition contained in the curable composition and a substrate, and compounds that further improve the film strength of the composition contained in the curable composition.

[0206] Compounds that improve the uniformity of the film thickness and the surface smoothness include fluorine-based surfactants, silicone-based surfactants, and nonionic surfactants. More specifically, for example, EFTOP EF301, EF303, and EF352 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Electronics Co., Ltd.), Megafac F171, F173, and R-30 (manufactured by DIC Corporation), Fluorad FC430 and FC431 (manufactured by 3M), Asahiguard AG710 (manufactured by AGC Corporation), Surflon S-382, SC101, SC102, SC103, SC104, SC105, and SC106 (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the like can be mentioned. When using these surfactants, the proportion of use is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polymers contained in the composition contained in the curable composition.

[0207] Specific examples of the compound contained in the curable composition and improving the adhesion between the composition and the substrate include functional silane-containing compounds and epoxy group-containing compounds. For example, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxy ...ethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl- Aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-(3-triethoxysilyl)propyltriethylenetetramine, N-(3-trimethoxysilyl)propyltriethylenetetramine, 10-trimethoxysilyl-1,4,7-triazadecane, 10-triethoxysilyl-1,4,7-triazadecane, 9-trimethoxysilyl-3,6-diazanonyl acetate, 9-triethoxysilyl-3,6-diazanonyl acetate, N-benzyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-benzyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane Iethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tripropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, 2 ,2-dibromoneopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,3,5,6-tetraglycidyl-2,4-hexanediol, N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-m-xylylenediamine, 1,3-bis(N,N-diglycidylaminomethyl)cyclohexane, N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3-(N-allyl-N-glycidyl)aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-(N,N-diglycidyl)aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0208] In order to further increase the film strength of the curable composition, a phenol compound such as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dihydroxymethylphenyl)propane or tetra(methoxymethyl)bisphenol may be added. When using these compounds, the amount is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polymer contained in the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent. Furthermore, in addition to the above, the composition contained in the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent may contain dielectric or conductive substances for the purpose of changing the electrical properties such as the dielectric constant and conductivity of the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

[0209] (Strong anchoring horizontal alignment film) The substrate opposite to the substrate with the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film must be provided with a strong anchoring horizontal alignment film. The strong anchoring horizontal alignment film described here is a liquid crystal alignment film that can align liquid crystals uniformly in the horizontal direction and has a sufficiently strong force to maintain the aligned liquid crystals, i.e., interface anchoring energy.

[0210] The strong anchoring horizontal alignment film can be obtained by uniaxially aligning the above-mentioned polyamic acid, polyimide, polyamic acid ester, polyamide, polyester, polyacrylate, or the like, by rubbing alignment treatment, photoalignment treatment, or the like.

[0211] A strong anchoring horizontal alignment film can be obtained by combining the monomers mentioned above.

[0212] (Weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film and strong anchoring horizontal alignment film) The weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention can be obtained by using the above-mentioned curable composition or weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent. For example, the curable composition or weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent used in the present invention can be applied to a substrate, and then dried, baked, and irradiated with light as necessary to obtain a cured film, which can be used as is as a weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film. In addition, this cured film can be subjected to an alignment treatment by rubbing, irradiation with polarized light or light of a specific wavelength, or treatment with an ion beam, and it is also possible to irradiate a liquid crystal display element after filling with liquid crystal with UV light.

[0213] Similarly, a strong anchoring horizontal alignment film can be obtained by applying a strong anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent to a substrate, followed by drying and baking to obtain a cured film, and then performing an alignment treatment on the cured film.

[0214] In the present invention, the first substrate may be a substrate having a comb-tooth electrode, and the second substrate may be a counter substrate. Also, in the present invention, the second substrate may be a substrate having a comb-tooth electrode, and the first substrate may be a counter substrate.

[0215] The substrate on which each liquid crystal alignment film is applied is not particularly limited as long as it is a highly transparent substrate, but a substrate on which a transparent electrode for driving the liquid crystal is formed is preferred.

[0216] Specific examples include substrates on which a transparent electrode is formed, such as a glass plate, or a plastic plate such as polycarbonate, poly(meth)acrylate, polyethersulfone, polyarylate, polyurethane, polysulfone, polyether, polyetherketone, trimethylpentene, polyolefin, polyethylene terephthalate, (meth)acrylonitrile, triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, or acetate butyrate cellulose.

[0217] Substrates that can be used for IPS-type liquid crystal display elements can have electrode patterns such as standard IPS comb electrodes and PSA (Polymer-Stabilized Alignment) fishbone electrodes, as well as protrusion patterns such as MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment).

[0218] Moreover, in highly functional elements such as TFT (Thin-Film-Transistor) type elements, an element such as a transistor is formed between an electrode for driving liquid crystal and a substrate.

[0219] When a transmissive liquid crystal display element is intended, the above-mentioned substrates are generally used, but when a reflective liquid crystal display element is intended, an opaque substrate such as a silicon wafer can be used for only one of the substrates. In that case, a material such as aluminum that reflects light can be used for the electrodes formed on the substrate.

[0220] Methods for applying the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent include spin coating, printing, inkjet, spraying, roll coating, etc., but from the standpoint of productivity, transfer printing is widely used industrially and is also preferably used in the present invention.

[0221] The drying step after coating the curable composition of the present invention is not necessarily required, but when the time from coating to baking is not constant for each substrate, or baking is not performed immediately after coating, it is preferable to include a drying step. This drying is sufficient as long as the solvent is removed to an extent that the coating film shape is not deformed by transportation of the substrate, and the drying method is not particularly limited. Preferred conditions for the drying step include a method of drying on a hot plate at a temperature of 30 to 100°C, more preferably 40 to 80°C, for 0.5 to 30 minutes, more preferably 1 to 5 minutes.

[0222] The baking process of the curable composition of the present invention is necessary in order to remove the solvent present inside the coating film and in order to cure the coating film when the structure (B) contained in the curable composition contains a structure that generates radicals by heat. The preferred conditions for the baking process include a method of baking for 1 to 120 minutes, more preferably 5 to 30 minutes, on a hot plate or a heat circulation oven at a temperature of 80 to 200 ° C., more preferably 100 to 150 ° C., from the viewpoint of removing the residual solvent, but it is necessary to determine the temperature according to the radical generation temperature of the structure (B). For example, when the structure (B) is a structure that effectively generates radicals at 100 ° C., 100 to 120 ° C. is good, and it is predicted that sufficient curability will not be obtained if the temperature is lower than the radical generation temperature, such as 60 ° C.

[0223] The ultraviolet irradiation step of the curable composition of the present invention is necessary in that the coating film is cured only when the structure (B) contained in the curable composition includes a structure that generates radicals by light. The wavelength needs to be determined according to the radical generating wavelength of the structure (B). As with the thermal curing described above, if it matches the structure (B), a sufficient effect can be obtained, but if it is mismatched, sufficient curing may not be obtained. The amount of ultraviolet exposure is also preferably determined according to the structure (B), but taking into consideration the fact that it does not have a negative effect on the entire curable composition, it is preferably 1 to 10 J / cm. 2 , more preferably 1 to 5 J / cm 2 is preferred.

[0224] The thickness of the cured film can be selected as necessary, but it is preferably 5 nm or more, more preferably 10 nm or more, since the reliability of the liquid crystal display element is improved. Also, the thickness of the cured film is preferably 300 nm or less, more preferably 150 nm or less, since the power consumption of the liquid crystal display element is not extremely large.

[0225] In this manner, a first or second substrate having a weakly anchoring liquid crystal alignment film and a second or first substrate having a strongly anchoring horizontal alignment film can be obtained. Examples of methods for performing uniaxial alignment treatment include photoalignment, oblique deposition, rubbing alignment, and uniaxial alignment treatment using a magnetic field.

[0226] When performing alignment treatment by unidirectional rubbing, for example, a rubbing roller wrapped with a rubbing cloth is rotated while the substrate is moved so that the rubbing cloth comes into contact with the film. When using a photoalignment method, alignment treatment can be performed by irradiating the entire film with polarized UV of a specific wavelength and heating it as necessary.

[0227] In the case of a substrate on which a comb-tooth electrode is formed, the direction is selected depending on the electrical properties of the liquid crystal, but when using a liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy, it is preferable that the rubbing direction be approximately the same as the direction in which the comb-tooth electrode extends.

[0228] [Liquid crystal cell] The liquid crystal cell of the present invention is obtained by arranging a substrate (e.g., a first substrate) having a weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film obtained by using the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention by the above-mentioned method and a substrate (e.g., a second substrate) having a known strong anchoring liquid crystal alignment film so that the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film and the strong anchoring liquid crystal alignment film face each other, sandwiching a spacer, fixing with a sealant, injecting liquid crystal, and sealing. In this case, the size of the spacer used is usually 1 to 30 μm, but preferably 2 to 10 μm. In addition, by making the rubbing direction of the first substrate parallel to the rubbing direction of the second substrate, it can be used in the IPS mode or FFS mode, and by arranging them so that the rubbing directions are perpendicular to each other, it can be used in the TN mode.

[0229] The IPS substrate, which is a comb-tooth electrode substrate used in the IPS mode, has a base material, a plurality of linear electrodes formed on the base material and arranged in a comb-tooth shape, and a liquid crystal alignment film formed on the base material so as to cover the linear electrodes.

[0230] The FFS substrate, which is a comb-tooth electrode substrate used in the FFS method, has a base material, a surface electrode formed on the base material, an insulating film formed on the surface electrode, a plurality of linear electrodes formed on the insulating film and arranged in a comb-tooth shape, and a liquid crystal alignment film formed on the insulating film to cover the linear electrodes.

[0231] (Liquid crystal display element) The liquid crystal display element has, for example, a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate so that the alignment layers face each other, and liquid crystal filled between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display element is produced using the first substrate or the second substrate provided with a weak anchoring film formed by applying the curable composition of the present invention, and the first substrate or the second substrate provided with a strong anchoring horizontal alignment film.

[0232] The liquid crystal display element can be a reflective liquid crystal display element by, for example, providing a reflective electrode, a transparent electrode, a λ / 4 plate, a polarizing film, a color filter layer, etc., in the liquid crystal cell according to a conventional method, as necessary. Also, the liquid crystal display element can be a transmissive liquid crystal display element by providing a backlight, a polarizing plate, a λ / 4 plate, a transparent electrode, a polarizing film, a color filter layer, etc., in the liquid crystal cell according to a conventional method, as necessary.

[0233] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a horizontal electric field liquid crystal display element of the present invention, which is an example of an IPS mode liquid crystal display element.

[0234] In the in-plane switching liquid crystal display element 1 illustrated in FIG. 1, liquid crystal 3 is sandwiched between a comb-tooth electrode substrate 2 having a liquid crystal alignment film 2c and a counter substrate 4 having a liquid crystal alignment film 4a. The comb-tooth electrode substrate 2 has a base material 2a, a plurality of linear electrodes 2b formed on the base material 2a and arranged in a comb-tooth shape, and a liquid crystal alignment film 2c formed on the base material 2a so as to cover the linear electrodes 2b. The counter substrate 4 has a base material 4b and a weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film or a strong anchoring horizontal alignment film (liquid crystal alignment film 4a) formed on the base material 4b. The liquid crystal alignment film 2c is, for example, the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film or the strong anchoring horizontal alignment film of the present invention. The liquid crystal alignment films provided on the counter substrates are each made by combining a strong anchoring horizontal alignment film and a weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film. In this in-plane switching liquid crystal display element 1, when a voltage is applied to the linear electrodes 2b, an electric field is generated between the linear electrodes 2b as shown by the electric field lines L.

[0235] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the in-plane switching liquid crystal display element of the present invention, which is an example of an FFS mode liquid crystal display element.

[0236] In the IPS LCD element 1 illustrated in FIG. 2, liquid crystal 3 is sandwiched between a comb-tooth electrode substrate 2 having a liquid crystal alignment film 2h and a counter substrate 4 having a liquid crystal alignment film 4a. The comb-tooth electrode substrate 2 has a base material 2d, a plane electrode 2e formed on the base material 2d, an insulating film 2f formed on the plane electrode 2e, a plurality of linear electrodes 2g formed on the insulating film 2f and arranged in a comb-tooth shape, and a liquid crystal alignment film 2h formed on the insulating film 2f so as to cover the linear electrodes 2g. The counter substrate 4 has a base material 4b and a liquid crystal alignment film 4a formed on the base material 4b. The liquid crystal alignment film 4a is the same as the liquid crystal alignment film 4a in FIG. 1 described above. The liquid crystal alignment film 2h is the same as the liquid crystal alignment film 2c in FIG. 1 described above. In this IPS LCD element 1, when a voltage is applied to the plane electrodes 2e and the linear electrodes 2g, an electric field is generated between the plane electrodes 2e and the linear electrodes 2g as indicated by electric field lines L. EXAMPLES

[0237] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The abbreviations of the compounds and the methods for measuring the respective properties are as follows.

[0238] (Structure (A) exhibiting weak anchoring properties) [ka]

[0239] (Structure (B) that generates radicals when exposed to light or heat) [ka]

[0240] (Thermal crosslinking monomer) [ka]

[0241] (Structure (C) that undergoes a radical curing reaction or raw material for the synthesis of Structure (C)) [ka] Blenmar (registered trademark) ADE-100: polyethylene glycol diacrylate (manufactured by NOF Corporation) A-TMMT: Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) ·MT-3010: Multifunctional acrylate (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) SMP-220AP: Multifunctional acrylate polymer (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.)

[0242] (Catalyst used in the synthesis of structure (C) which undergoes a radical curing reaction) [ka]

[0243] (RAFT Agents) [ka]

[0244] (Chain transfer agent) [ka]

[0245] (Raw material for macromonomers required for the synthesis of polymer β) [ka]

[0246] (Thermal polymerization initiator) [ka]

[0247] (Diamine) [ka]

[0248] (Tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride) [ka]

[0249] (Additives) [ka]

[0250] (solvent) THF: tetrahydrofuran NMP: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone DEAc: N,N-diethylacetamide PGMEA: 2-Methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate PGME: Propylene glycol monomethyl ether BCA: Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate PB: Propylene glycol monobutyl ether

[0251] (viscosity measurement) The viscosity of the polyamic acid solution was measured using an E-type viscometer TVE-22H (manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.) with a sample amount of 1.1 mL (milliliters), a cone rotor TE-1 (1°34', R24), and a temperature of 25°C.

[0252] (Molecular Weight Measurement) The molecular weights of the synthesized polymers other than the polyimide precursor and the polyimide were measured using a room temperature gel permeation chromatography (GPC) apparatus (CBM-20A) (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) and a column (Shodex (registered trademark) KF-804L and KF-803L in series) (manufactured by Showa Denko KK) as follows. Column temperature: 40℃ Eluent: Tetrahydrofuran Flow rate: 1.0mL / min Standard samples for creating calibration curves: Standard polystyrene (molecular weight: 197,000, 55,100, 12,800, 3,950, 1,260) (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)

[0253] The molecular weights of the polyimide precursor and the polyimide were measured using a room temperature gel permeation chromatography (GPC) apparatus (GPC-101) (manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.) and columns (GPC KD-803, GPC KD-805 in series) (manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.) as follows. Column temperature: 50℃ Eluent: N,N-dimethylformamide (with lithium bromide monohydrate (LiBr H 2 o) is 30mmol / L (liter), phosphoric acid anhydrous crystals (o-phosphoric acid) is 30mmol / L, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) is 10mL / L) Flow rate: 1.0mL / min Standard samples for preparing a calibration curve: TSK standard polyethylene oxide (molecular weight: approximately 900,000, 150,000, 100,000, and 30,000) (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) and polyethylene glycol (molecular weight: approximately 12,000, 4,000, and 1,000) (manufactured by Polymer Laboratory Co., Ltd.).

[0254] <Synthesis of homopolymer> (Synthesis Example 1-1) A-1 (20.0 g, 117 mmol), R-3 (759 mg, 1.88 mmol), and AIBN (15.4 mg, 0.940 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, and THF (20.9 g) was added. After stirring and dissolving at room temperature, the system was replaced with nitrogen and heated and stirred for 24 hours in an oil bath set at 60 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain homopolymer p (A-1). Number average molecular weight (Mn): 8,900, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 9,600.

[0255] (Synthesis Examples 1-2 to 1-6) The homopolymers p(A-2) to p(A-7) shown in Table 1 were obtained by carrying out the same procedure as in Synthesis Example 1-1, except that the types of raw materials (monomers) used, the types of RAFT agents, and the amounts charged were replaced with those shown in Table 1 below.

[0256] [Table 1]

[0257] <Synthesis of diblock copolymer> (Synthesis Example 2-1) In a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, p(A-1) (2.28 g, 0.255 mmol), B-1 (2.60 g, 8.89 mmol), and AIBN (21.0 mg, 0.128 mmol) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-1 were weighed out, THF (5.10 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature, after which the system was replaced with nitrogen and heated and stirred in an oil bath set at 60 ° C for 24 hours. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C to obtain block copolymer BCP-1. The number average molecular weight (Mn): 17,700, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 19,100.

[0258] (Synthesis Examples 2-2 to 2-11) The same procedure as in Synthesis Example 2-1 was carried out except that the types and amounts of raw materials (polymers and monomers) used were replaced with those shown in Table 2 below, thereby obtaining block copolymers shown in Table 2 below.

[0259] [Table 2]

[0260] <Synthesis of diblock copolymers using polymer reactions> (Synthesis Example 3-1) BCP-9 (2.00 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 2-9 and DBU (8.23 mg, 0.0540 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (6.62 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. Then, C-3 (0.838 g, 5.40 mmol) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred for 4 hours in an oil bath set at 50 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a block copolymer BCP-12. The number average molecular weight (Mn): 17,500, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 21,800.

[0261] (Synthesis Example 3-2) BCP-9 (2.00 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 2-9 and DBU (8.23 mg, 0.0540 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (6.45 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. Then, C-4 (0.763 g, 5.40 mmol) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred for 4 hours in an oil bath set at 50 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain block copolymer BCP-13. The number average molecular weight (Mn): 17,000, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 21,300.

[0262] (Synthesis Example 3-3) BCP-9 (2.00 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 2-9 and TEA (0.820 g, 8.11 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (5.99 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. Then, C-5 (0.565 g, 5.40 mmol) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred for 4 hours in an oil bath set at 50 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes three times, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain block copolymer BCP-14. The number average molecular weight (Mn): 14,900, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 18,600.

[0263] (Synthesis Example 3-4) BCP-10 (2.00 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 2-10 and DBU (10.3 mg, 0.0676 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (7.12 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. Then, C-3 (1.05 g, 6.76 mmol) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred for 4 hours in an oil bath set at 50 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain block copolymer BCP-15. The number average molecular weight (Mn): 26,100, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 32,600.

[0264] <Synthesis of triblock copolymer> (Synthesis Example 4-1) In a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, BCP-1 (3.99 g, 0.225 mmol), C-2 (1.10 g, 8.45 mmol), and AIBN (18.5 mg, 0.113 mmol) obtained in Synthesis Example 2-1 were weighed out, THF (5.10 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature, after which the system was replaced with nitrogen and heated and stirred in an oil bath set at 60 ° C for 24 hours. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C to obtain triblock copolymer TCP-1. The number average molecular weight (Mn): 21,600, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 25,900. The obtained TCP-1 (2.00 g) and DBU (5.04 mg, 0.0331 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (5.87 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. Then, C-3 (0.514 g, 3.31 mmol) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred in an oil bath set at 50 ° C for 4 hours. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C to obtain triblock copolymer TCP-2. The number average molecular weight (Mn): 26,200, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 32,800.

[0265] <Synthesis of macromonomer> (Synthesis Example 5-1) A-1 (10.00g, 78.02mmol), S-4 (0.216g, 2.341mmol) and AIBN (0.128g, 0.7802mmol) were weighed out into a 100mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (10.3g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature, after which the system was replaced with nitrogen and heated and stirred in an oil bath set at 60°C for 12 hours. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into cold methanol (30.0g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with cold methanol (30.0g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50°C to obtain a prepolymer. Mn: 6,000, Mw: 9,900. In a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, the prepolymer (10.00 g, 1.667 mmol), E-1 (0.830.829 g, 5.833 mmol), hydroquinone (8.1 mg), N,N-dimethyllaurylamine (2.0 mg) and xylene (20.0 g) synthesized by the above method were added, stirred at room temperature to dissolve, and then heated and stirred in an oil bath set at 140 ° C for 6 hours. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (50.0 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (50.0 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C to obtain a macromonomer (mcta1). Mn: 6,100, Mw: 9,900.

[0266] <Synthesis of graft copolymer> (Synthesis Example 6-1) Macromonomer mcta1 (0.850 g, 0.142 mmol), B-1 (4.10 g, 14.0 mmol), and AIBN (69.8 mg, 0.425 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (11.7 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. The system was replaced with nitrogen, and the mixture was heated and stirred for 12 hours in an oil bath set at 60 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C to obtain a graft copolymer (GCP-1). The number average molecular weight (Mn): 90,200, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 173,200.

[0267] (Synthesis Example 6-2) Macromonomer mcta1 (1.55g, 0.258mmol), C-2 (3.33g, 25.6mmol), and AIBN (127mg, 0.775mmol) were weighed out into a 100mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (11.7g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. The system was replaced with nitrogen, and the mixture was heated and stirred for 12 hours in an oil bath set at 60°C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50°C to obtain a graft copolymer (GCP-2). The number average molecular weight (Mn): 52,800, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 128,800. The obtained GCP-2 (2.00 g) and DBU (15.6 mg, 0.102 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (8.38 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. Then, C-3 (1.59 g, 10.2 mmol) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred for 4 hours in an oil bath set at 50 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a graft copolymer (GCP-3). The number average molecular weight (Mn): 88,300, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 164,000.

[0268] (Synthesis Example 6-3) Macromonomer mcta1 (1.45 g, 0.242 mmol), B-1 (0.706 g, 2.42 mmol), C-2 (2.80 g, 21.5 mmol), and AIBN (119 mg, 0.725 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (11.8 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. The system was then replaced with nitrogen and heated and stirred for 12 hours in an oil bath set at 60 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C to obtain graft copolymer (GCP-4). The number average molecular weight (Mn): 48,600, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw): 130,100. The obtained GCP-4 (2.00 g) and DBU (13.8 mg, 0.0848 mmol) were weighed out into a 100 mL eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, THF (7.75 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. Then, C-3 (1.32 g, 8.48 mmol) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred for 4 hours in an oil bath set at 50 ° C. After heating and stirring, the reaction solution was gently poured into methanol (60 g) while stirring to precipitate a solid, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was separated by filtration, and again slurry washed with methanol (60 g) for 30 minutes twice, and the solid was vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a graft copolymer (GCP-5). The number average molecular weight (Mn): 69,900, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 153,700.

[0269] <Synthesis of polyamic acid> (Synthesis Example 7-1) DA-1 (1.53g, 14.1mmol), DA-2 (5.74g, 23.5mmol), and DA-3 (2.75g, 9.40mmol) were weighed into a 200mL four-neck flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, NMP (80.1g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved under a nitrogen atmosphere. TC-1 (10.0g, 44.7mmol) was added while keeping the temperature below 10℃ in an ice bath, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 18 hours to obtain a solution of polyamic acid (PAA-1) with a viscosity of about 1500mPa·s and a solid content of 20% by mass. The molecular weight of this polyamic acid was Mn: 14,800, Mw: 32,600. (Synthesis Example 7-2) DA-1 (2.70g, 25.0mmol) and DA-4 (6.61g, 25.0mmol) were weighed into a 200mL four-neck flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, NMP (81.6g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved under a nitrogen atmosphere. TC-1 (11.1g, 49.5mmol) was added while keeping the temperature below 10℃ in an ice bath, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 18 hours to obtain a solution of polyamic acid (PAA-2) with a viscosity of approximately 640mPa s and a solid content of 20% by mass. The molecular weight of this polyamic acid was Mn: 9,900, Mw: 21,300. (Synthesis Example 7-3) DA-1 (2.49g, 23.0mmol) and DA-5 (7.60g, 23.0mmol) were weighed into a 200mL four-neck flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a nitrogen inlet tube, NMP (81.2g) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved under a nitrogen atmosphere. TC-1 (10.2g, 45.5mmol) was added while keeping the temperature below 10℃ in an ice bath, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 18 hours to obtain a solution of polyamic acid (PAA-3) with a viscosity of approximately 1500mPa s and a solid content of 20% by mass. The molecular weight of this polyamic acid was Mn: 12,600, Mw: 28,100.

[0270] <Preparation of Curable Composition> (Preparation Example 1) 0.12 g of BCP-1 obtained in Synthesis Example 2-1 and 0.48 g of MT-3010 were weighed out into a 15 mL vial equipped with a stirrer, 9.40 g of PGMEA was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain a curable composition (CRM-1). Table 3 shows the mass % (wt %) of each component (excluding the solvent) in the curable composition (CRM-1).

[0271] (Preparation Examples 2 to 37) The curable compositions (CRM-2) to (CRM-37) shown in Table 3 were obtained by carrying out the same procedure as in Preparation Example 1, except that the types of components (excluding the solvent) used were those shown in Table 3 below, and the mass % (wt %) of each component in the obtained curable composition was the mass % (wt %) shown in Table 3 below.

[0272] [Table 3]

[0273] (Creating liquid crystal display elements) The method for preparing a liquid crystal cell for evaluating the liquid crystal alignment and electro-optical response is described below. First, a substrate with electrodes was prepared. The substrate was a non-alkali glass substrate measuring 30 mm x 35 mm and 0.7 mm thick. On the substrate, ITO (indium tin oxide) electrodes with a comb-shaped pattern with an electrode width of 3 μm, an electrode spacing of 6 μm, and an angle of 10° with respect to the long side of the substrate were formed, forming pixels. The size of each pixel was 10 mm long and approximately 5 mm wide. Hereafter, this will be referred to as an IPS substrate. Next, the curable compositions (CRM-1 to CRM-37) obtained by the above method and the liquid crystal alignment agent for horizontal alignment (SE-6414, NRB-U973 (Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.)) were each filtered through a filter with a pore size of 1.0 mm, and then coated and formed into a film by a spin coating method on the prepared IPS substrate and a glass substrate (hereinafter referred to as the counter substrate) having an ITO film formed on the back surface and having a columnar spacer with a height of 3.0 μm as the counter substrate. Next, the coating was dried for 2 minutes on a hot plate at 80° C., and then baked for 30 minutes at a predetermined temperature to obtain a coating film with a thickness of 100 nm. The curable compositions (CRM-1 to CRM-37) were formed into a cured film with a thickness of 100 nm by the following method. When structure (B) is a structure that generates radicals by light: After spin coating, dry at 70°C for 2 minutes, and then irradiate the substrate with ultraviolet light of wavelengths of 313 nm or more at 3.0 J / cm using a Therma Precision ultraviolet light exposure device and a 313 nm bandpass filter. 2 The coated film was irradiated with light and baked for 30 minutes at the baking temperatures shown in Tables 4 to 6. A hot plate was used for baking. When structure (B) is a structure that generates radicals by heat: After spin-coating, it was dried at 70°C for 2 minutes and baked for 30 minutes at the baking temperature corresponding to structure (B). A hot plate was used for baking. The coating film on the IPS substrate was subjected to an alignment treatment in the direction along the comb-tooth direction, while the coating film on the opposing substrate was subjected to an alignment treatment in the direction perpendicular to the comb-tooth electrode. For the alignment treatment, a rubbing method was used for SE-6414, a photo-alignment method was used for NRB-U973, and no alignment treatment was performed for CRM-1 to CRM-37, and the baked substrate was used as is. The rubbing method was performed using a rubbing device manufactured by Iinuma Gauge Co., Ltd., a rubbing cloth (YA-20R) manufactured by Yoshikawa Kako Co., Ltd., a rubbing roller (diameter 10.0 cm), a stage feed speed of 30 mm / s, a roller rotation speed of 700 rpm, and a pressing pressure of 0.3 mm. For the photo-alignment method, a UV exposure device manufactured by Ushio Inc. was used, and linearly polarized UV with an extinction ratio of approximately 26:1 was irradiated at a dose of 300 mJ / cm2 based on a wavelength of 254 nm. 2 After irradiating the film with polarized UV light so that the alignment was performed, the film was heated at 230° C. for 30 minutes to perform an alignment treatment. The two types of substrates were then combined in the combinations shown in Tables 4 and 5 below so that the alignment directions were parallel, and the periphery was sealed except for a liquid crystal injection port (sealant: XN-1500T (Mitsui Chemicals)), and heat treatment was performed at 150°C for 60 minutes to harden the sealant and produce an empty cell with a cell gap of approximately 3.0 μm. Liquid crystal (MLC-3019 (Merck)) was vacuum injected into this empty cell at room temperature, and the injection port was then sealed to produce a liquid crystal cell with anti-parallel alignment. The liquid crystal cell thus obtained constitutes an IPS mode liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal cell thus obtained was then heat-treated at 120° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a liquid crystal display element.

[0274] (Evaluation of initial orientation) Using a polarizing microscope, the polarizing plates were set to crossed Nicols, the liquid crystal cell was fixed in the state where the brightness was the smallest, and the liquid crystal alignment state was observed by rotating the liquid crystal cell by 1° from there. The alignment state of the liquid crystal was evaluated as "good" when no alignment defects such as unevenness or domains were observed or when they were very slight, and "poor" when they were clearly observed.

[0275] (VT curve measurement and driving threshold voltage, maximum brightness voltage, transmittance evaluation) A white LED backlight and luminance meter were set so that their optical axes were aligned, and a liquid crystal cell (liquid crystal display element) with a polarizing plate attached was set between them so that the luminance was at its lowest. A voltage was applied up to 8V in 1V increments, and the luminance at each voltage was measured to measure the VT curve. Voltage was applied starting from a no-voltage-applied state, and the voltage value (Vth) at 10% of the maximum transmitted luminance was estimated. From the obtained VT curve, the voltage value (Vmax) at which the luminance was at its maximum was estimated. In addition, the transmitted luminance in parallel Nicol was set to 100% through the liquid crystal cell with no voltage applied, and the maximum transmittance (Tmax) was estimated by comparing it with the maximum transmitted luminance in the VT curve.

[0276] (Measurement of response time (Ton, Toff)) Using the same device as in measuring the VT curve above, a luminance meter was connected to an oscilloscope to measure the response speed (Ton) when a voltage was applied that resulted in maximum luminance, and the response speed (Toff) when the voltage was returned to 0 V.

[0277] (Azimuthal anchoring strength (A 2 ) Measurement Azimuthal anchoring strength A of strong anchoring horizontal alignment films SE-6414 and NRB-U973 2 , SA The value measured separately by the torque balance method was used. The azimuth anchoring strength A of the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film 2,WA was calculated from the following equations (eq2) and (eq3) using the driving threshold voltage (Vth) obtained from the VT curve measurement of the liquid crystal cell prepared above. -5 [J / m 2 ] is considered to be a weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film, and -4 [J / m 2 ] is regarded as a strong anchoring horizontal alignment film.

[0278]

number

[0279]

number

[0280] <Evaluation of cell characteristics using photoalignment> (Evaluation results of weak anchoring IPS properties) The details of the embodiment and the evaluation results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 shows the azimuthal anchoring strength (A 2 ) measurement results are also shown.

[0281] [Table 4]

[0282] Compared with the configuration in which a strong anchoring liquid crystal alignment film was formed on both sides in Comparative Example 3, the configurations in which the curable composition of the present invention was formed on one side in Examples 37 to 38 had high transmittance and low driving voltage, and the azimuth anchoring energy was 4.6 × 10 -6 [J / m 2 From this, it can be seen that the use of the curable composition of the present invention results in weak anchoring properties, and the transmittance and anchoring energy are comparable to those of the weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film prepared by the method described in Patent Document 4, and therefore sufficient weak anchoring properties are obtained.

[0283] From Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the weak anchoring property and the alignment property deteriorate when the conventional weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment agent is baked at a low temperature of 120°C compared to the standard baking temperature of 230°C. This is because the film is not sufficiently cured and dissolves into the liquid crystal during baking and evaluation after cell formation. Thus, the method of obtaining a free-standing film using thermal curing has a problem in that it does not cure sufficiently when baked at a low temperature. On the other hand, from Examples 1-38, it can be seen that the curable composition of the present invention exhibits good weak anchoring property and obtains sufficient curing even at a low temperature bake. This can be said to be the benefit of using radical curing instead of thermal curing.

[0284] As described above, all of the curable compositions of Examples 1 to 38 are capable of achieving both weak anchoring properties and curing properties at low temperatures, and it can be said that the polymer α, a component of the curable composition, may have any of the following configurations: Structure (A) that exhibits weak anchoring properties and Structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat, or Structure (A) and Structure (C) that undergoes a curing reaction by radicals, or Structure (A), Structure (B), and Structure (C). It has been found that when the polymer α does not contain structure (B) or (C), it functions as a curable composition by using an additive containing the missing structure (B) or (C). In addition, this additive does not necessarily have to be a monomer, but may be a polymer, and may be contained as a part of the constituent elements of the polymer.

[0285] As shown in Examples 23 and 35, it is possible to mix two or more polymers in order to provide different functions other than the polymer α and the additives that complement it. For example, by using a polymer made of a polyimide precursor, it is possible to improve the mechanical strength, control the refractive index, and control the volume resistivity.

[0286] <Evaluation of cell characteristics using rubbing alignment> (Evaluation results of weak anchoring IPS properties) The details of the embodiment and the evaluation results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 shows the azimuthal anchoring strength (A 2 ) measurement results are also shown.

[0287] [Table 5]

[0288] From Examples 39 to 76 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6, the configurations of the Examples all showed improved transmittance and lower driving voltages, and the azimuth anchoring energy was 4.6 × 10 -6 [J / m 2 This demonstrates that when the curable composition of the present invention is used, favorable weak anchoring properties can be obtained regardless of the alignment treatment method.

[0289] (Mechanical strength evaluation using pencil hardness) A sample for pencil hardness evaluation was prepared as follows. A curable composition was applied to a 30 mm x 40 mm ITO substrate by spin coating, and cured by the following method to form a cured film with a thickness of 100 nm. The liquid crystal alignment film surface of this substrate was measured by the pencil hardness test method (JIS K5400). When structure (B) is a structure that generates radicals by light: After spin coating, dry at 70°C for 2 minutes and then expose to ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 313 nm at 3.0 J / cm 2 The coated film was irradiated with light and baked for 30 minutes at the baking temperature shown in Table 6. A hot plate was used for baking. When the structure (B) is a structure that generates radicals by heat: After spin-coating, it was dried at 70°C for 2 minutes and baked for 30 minutes at the baking temperature shown in Table 6. A hot plate was used for baking.

[0290] [Table 6]

[0291] From Examples 77 to 96, when the curable composition of the present invention is used, even when baked at a low temperature of 80 to 120° C., the hardness is much higher than that of a conventional weak anchoring liquid crystal alignment film (Comparative Example 7), and the mechanical strength is much higher than that of a liquid crystal alignment film made of a polyimide resin that is well-known for its hardness (Comparative Example 9). This shows that the curable composition of the present invention can obtain very high mechanical strength while having weak anchoring properties. [Industrial Applicability]

[0292] According to the present invention, a stable weak anchoring film can be manufactured by a method that is extremely simple compared to the conventional technology, which makes it possible to reduce the process load and improve the yield of weak anchoring IPS manufacturing in actual industrialization. In addition, by using the material and method of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of pretilt angle associated with narrowing the cell gap, while achieving high-speed response when the voltage is turned off, reduction in burn-in, high backlight transmittance in a low-temperature environment, and low-voltage driving compared to the conventional technology, and therefore it is possible to provide a material and an in-plane switching liquid crystal display element that can stably express excellent characteristics. [Explanation of symbols]

[0293] 1 In-plane switching liquid crystal display element 2. Interdigital electrode substrate 2a Base material 2b Linear electrode 2c Liquid crystal alignment film 2d base material 2e surface electrode 2f Insulating film 2g linear electrode 2h Liquid crystal alignment film 3 Liquid crystal 4 Opposing substrate 4a Liquid crystal alignment film 4b Base material L Electric field lines

Claims

1. A curable composition containing a structure (A) that exhibits weak anchoring properties with respect to liquid crystal, a structure (B) that generates radicals by light or heat, and a structure (C) that undergoes a curing reaction by the generated radicals.

2. Contains a component having the structure (A) and the structure (B), and a component having the structure (C), Contains a component having the structure (A) and the structure (C), and a component having the structure (B), or Contains a component having the structure (A), the structure (B), and the structure (C), the curable composition according to Claim 1.

3. The curable composition according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure (C) contains a structure (C') selected from the following formula (C'). 【Chemical Formula 1】 (wherein R １ , and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and X, Y, and Z each independently represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. *, * １ and * ２ represent bonding sites, and * １ and * ２ may be replaced by either a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. n represents an integer of 1 to 5.)

4. The curable composition according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure (B) contains a structure (B') selected from the following formula (B'-1) and formula (B'-2). ​ (In formula (B'-1), R １ and R ２ each represent a hydrogen atom or an optionally branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.) [Chemical Formula 3] (In formula (B'-2), R １ to R ６ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be branched.)

5. The curable composition according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure (A) is a structure (A') derived from a monomer selected from the following formula (1), formula (2), formula (3), and formula (4). 【Chemical Formula 4】 (In formula (1), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, X represents a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a thioether bond, and R １ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in which a bonding group may be inserted, and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, the two Xs and Rs １ may be the same or different from each other.) 【Chemical Formula 5】 (In formula (2), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, S represents a single bond or a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which a bonding group may be inserted, T represents an organic group represented by the following formula (2-T), and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, the two Ts may be the same or different. However, when n is 2, S represents a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which a bonding group may be inserted.) 【Chemical Formula 6】 (In formula (2-T), * indicates a bonding site. X is a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R １ )(R ２ )(R １ and R ２ each independently represent an alkyl group bonded to Si.), -Si(R ３ )(R ４ )-O-(R ３ and R ４ each independently represent an alkyl group bonded to Si.), and -N(R ５ )(R ５ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N.) is a linking group selected from the group consisting of: Cy represents a non-aromatic cyclic group having 6 to 20 ring members.) 【Chemical Formula 7】 (In formula (3), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R １ represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a linear or branched structure with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the three Xs each independently represent a hydrogen atom or the following formula (3-X). However, at least one of the three Xs represents formula (3-X).) 【Chemical 8】 (In formula (3-X), Y represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, or -N(R)- (R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms bonded to N), and * indicates the bonding site. R ２ , R ３ , and R ４ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent.) 【Chemical Formula 9】 (In formula (4), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R １ to R ３ each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which a bonding group may be inserted, Ar represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, X １ and X ２ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and R １ X １ and R ２ X ２ and R １ X １ and R ２ X ２ may together form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are attached. However, the total number of carbon atoms of R １ X １ , R ２ X ２ and R ３ is 1 or more.)

6. Contains a component having the structure (A), The structure (A) is a structure (A') derived from a monomer selected from the following formula (1), formula (2), formula (3), and formula (4), The structure (B) contains a structure (B') selected from the following formula (B'-1) and formula (B'-2), The structure (C) contains a structure (C') selected from the following formula (C'), The curable composition according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the component having the structure (A) contains at least one selected from the group consisting of the following polymer α-1 and polymer β-1. [Polymer α-1] Has a block segment (Aα) having the structure (A') and a block segment (Bα) having the structure (B'), Has the block segment (Aα) and a block segment (Cα) having the structure (C'), having the block segment (Aα), the block segment (Bα) and the block segment (Cα), or having the block segment (Aα) and the block segment (BCα) having the structure (B') and the structure (C'), block copolymer. [Polymer β-1]: A graft copolymer having a trunk polymer and a branch polymer bonded to the trunk polymer as a side chain of the trunk polymer, wherein the branch polymer has the structure (A'), and the trunk polymer has the structure (B'), or wherein the branch polymer has the structure (A'), and the trunk polymer has the structure (C'), or wherein the branch polymer has the structure (A'), and the trunk polymer has the structure (B') and the structure (C'), graft copolymer. 【Chemical 10】 (In formula (1), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, X represents a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, or a thioether bond, and R １ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in which a linking group may be inserted, and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, the two X's and R １ may be the same or different from each other.) 【Chemical 11】 (In formula (2), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, S represents a single bond or a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which a bonding group may be inserted, T represents an organic group represented by the following formula (2-T), and n is an integer of 1 to 2. When n is 2, the two Ts may be the same or different. However, when n is 2, S represents a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which a bonding group may be inserted.) 【Chemical Formula 12】 (In formula (2-T), * indicates a bonding site. X is a single bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a urethane bond, a urea bond, a thioether bond, -Si(R １ )(R ２ )-(R １ and R ２ each independently represent an alkyl group bonded to Si.)), -Si(R ３ )(R ４ )-O-(R ３ and R ４ each independently represent an alkyl group bonded to Si.)), and -N(R ５ )-(R ５ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group bonded to N.) and is a linking group selected from), and Cy represents a non-aromatic cyclic group having 6 to 20 ring members.) 【Chemical 13】 (In formula (3), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R １ represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a linear or branched structure with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the three Xs each independently represent a hydrogen atom or the following formula (3-X). However, at least one of the three Xs represents formula (3-X).) 【Chemical 14】 (In formula (3-X), Y represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, or -N(R)- (R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms bonded to N), and * indicates the bonding site. R ２ , R ３ , and R ４ each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent.) 【Chemical 15】 (In formula (4), M represents a polymerizable group having a polymerizable unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and R １ to R ３ each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which a bonding group may be inserted, Ar represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, X １ and X ２ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and R １ X １ and R ２ X ２ and R １ X １ and R ２ X ２ may together form a ring with the carbon atoms to which they are attached. However, the total number of carbon atoms of R １ X １ , R ２ X ２ and R ３ is 1 or more.) 【Chemical 16】 (In formula (B'-1), R １ and R ２ each represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.) 【Chemical 17】 (In formula (B'-2), R １ to R ６ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.) 【Chemical 18】 (In formula (C'), R １ , and R ２ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and X, Y, and Z each independently represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. *, * １ and * ２ represent bonding sites, and * １ and * ２ either one of them may be replaced by a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. n represents an integer of 1 to 5.)

7. A weakly anchoring liquid crystal aligning agent comprising the curable composition according to claim 1 or 2.

8. A liquid crystal display element obtained by using the weakly anchoring liquid crystal aligning agent according to claim 7.

9. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 8, which is a horizontal electric field liquid crystal display element.

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