Joint structure

Abstract

To provide a joint structure in which additional fastening can be performed repeatedly, and which has high durability against aging and vibration.SOLUTION: A joint structure which binds a joint of a wooden building includes: a column which includes a through-hole open on a side surface; at least two horizontal members which are provided on the side surface of the column, and in which an insertion hole extending in the axial direction from an end surface and a work hole extending so as to cross with respect to the axial direction in communication with the insertion hole are provided; a tensile member in which an end part is inserted in each insertion hole of the two horizontal members; an engagement member installed at the tensile member; and a tabular load transmission member inserted in the work hole. The through-hole and the insertion hole communicate with each other so that the tensile member can be inserted. The tensile member is arranged so as to penetrate the column, has a central part constituted by a member having flexibility, and is provided with the engagement member at each of both end parts. The load transmission member is positioned closer to the column side than the engagement member inside the work hole, comes into contact with the engagement member, generates a tensile force in the tensile member, and allows the tensile member to act so as to pull the two horizontal members in the axial direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a joining structure for wooden buildings, and more particularly to a structure that is fastened using a tension member.

Background Art

[0002] In wooden buildings, in the joint processing for joining columns and horizontal members such as beams and girders, a structure is known in which metal fittings are spanned and attached to the surfaces of the columns and beams. However, the original beauty of Japanese wooden buildings has been impaired. In particular, when creating a void such as a void in a wooden building, the joint portion between the column and the beam is often exposed, so its appearance is an important point. In addition, the conventional joint metal fittings have a structure that cannot be adjusted once they are attached. When wood shrinkage occurs after attachment, there has been a problem that gaps are formed in the joints.

[0003] To solve such problems, a structure is known in which a through hole is provided in a column, a horizontal hole extending in the axial direction of a beam is provided from an end face of the beam in contact with the column, and a joint metal member is disposed inside the through hole and the horizontal hole. The joint metal member holds the end portion of the horizontal member in the joint groove portion of the column by inserting a wedge into a wedge introduction path provided in the beam (see, for example, Patent Document 1). As a result, in wooden buildings, the appearance of metal fittings on columns and beams is eliminated, the cross-sectional loss of members is minimized, high strength and rigidity are ensured as structural materials, and tightening corresponding to wood shrinkage after attachment becomes possible.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] On the one hand, the joint metal fitting according to Embodiment 1 is composed of connecting a plurality of bolts, and each screwed portion may be slightly loosened due to aging and vibrations such as earthquakes. Although the joint metal fitting has a structure that allows tightening, there has been a problem that when each screwed portion is slightly loosened and the loosening accumulates, the adhesion of the joint becomes loose. As a result, it is necessary to frequently tighten the joint metal fitting.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a joint structure in a wooden building that can be tightened repeatedly and has high resistance to aging and vibrations.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0007] The joint structure according to the present invention is a joint structure for tightening the joint of a wooden building, comprising a column having an insertion hole opened on the side surface, at least two cross beams each attached to each of the two opposing side surfaces of the column, having an insertion hole extending axially from the end surface and a working hole extending so as to intersect the axial direction and communicating with the insertion hole, a tension member whose end is inserted into the insertion hole of each of the two cross beams, an engaging member installed on the tension member, and a plate-shaped load transmission member inserted into the working hole. The insertion hole and the insertion hole communicate with each other so that the tension member can be inserted. The tension member is arranged to penetrate the column, and the central portion is composed of a member having flexibility. The engaging member is provided at each of both ends. The load transmission member is located on the column side of the engaging member inside the working hole, abuts against the engaging member, generates tension in the tension member through the engaging member, and acts on the tension member so as to axially pull the two cross beams.

[0008] The joining structure according to the present invention is a joining structure for tightening the joints of wooden buildings, comprising a column having an insertion hole opened on the side surface, a horizontal member provided with an insertion hole extending axially from the end surface and a working hole extending so as to intersect the axial direction and communicating with the insertion hole, a tension member having one end inserted into the insertion hole of the horizontal member, a nut screwed onto a first male screw portion provided at one end of the tension member, a plate-shaped load transmission member inserted into the working hole, and a cross joint which is a fitting screwed to the tension member. The insertion hole and the insertion hole communicate with each other so that the tension member can be inserted. The nut has a notch provided from one end in the axial direction, and at least the portion where the notch is provided is disposed inside the working hole. The load transmission member includes a filler that abuts against the nut and a wedge member that is driven toward the working hole. The filler is located closer to the column side than the nut inside the working hole and abuts against the nut. The wedge member is driven between the wall surface located on the column side among the inner wall surfaces of the working hole and the filler, generates tension in the tension member via the nut, and causes the tension member to act so as to axially pull the horizontal member.

[0009] A joining structure for tightening the joints of wooden buildings, comprising a column having an insertion hole opened on the side surface, a horizontal member provided with an insertion hole extending axially from the end surface and a working hole extending so as to intersect the axial direction and communicating with the insertion hole, a tension member having one end inserted into the insertion hole of the horizontal member, a nut screwed onto a first male screw portion provided at one end of the tension member, a plate-shaped load transmission member inserted into the working hole, and a cross joint which is a fitting screwed to the tension member. The insertion hole and the insertion hole communicate with each other so that the tension member can be inserted. The load transmission member is located closer to the column side than the nut inside the working hole and abuts against the nut. The nut is tightened in a state of being screwed to the tension member, generates tension in the tension member, and causes the tension member to act so as to axially pull the horizontal member.

Advantages of the Invention

[0010] The above-described joining structure can be designed so that the metal fittings are not easily visible from the lower and side surfaces of the columns and horizontal members, and the engaging member or load transmission member can be adjusted according to the shrinkage of the wood and tightened (retightened) repeatedly even after installation. In addition, since there are few components, loosening of each part due to aging and vibration is small, and the frequency of retightening can be suppressed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the joining structure 100 will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are preferred specific examples of the present invention, and thus are technically preferably subject to various limitations. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these aspects.

[0013] Embodiment 1. Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a joining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. In FIG. 1, a state in which a fitting 10 installed inside a column 91 and a beam 92 is seen through is shown. The joining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1 is for tightly connecting and joining, for example, a column 91 and a beam 92 of a wooden building and a horizontal member such as a girder. However, the joining structure 100 is not limited to joining by tightly connecting the column 91 and the beam 92 as shown in FIG. 1, and can join by tightly connecting members whose axial directions intersect.

[0014] In the joining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1, a beam 92 extending in the x and y directions is joined to a column 91 extending in the z direction. A fitting 10 is installed inside the column 91 and the beam 92. The fitting 10 tightly connects and fixes the beam 92 so as to pull it toward the column 91 side and press the end face of the beam 92 against the side face of the column 91. In Embodiment 1, the z direction is the vertical direction, and the x and y directions are the horizontal directions, but it is not limited thereto. For example, the z direction may be inclined from the vertical direction. Also, the direction in which the beam 92 extends does not necessarily have to be orthogonal. For example, one beam 92 may be installed horizontally inclined with respect to the y direction.

[0015] The joint fitting 10 includes two shafts 21 extending in the x direction and a long shaft 22 extending in the y direction. The two shafts 21 are connected by a cross joint 20 installed inside the column 91. Each shaft 21 has an end on the column 91 side screwed into the cross joint 20, and the other end is disposed inside a beam 92 extending in the x direction. The long shaft 22 is inserted through a second hole 20g which is a through hole provided in the cross joint 20, and both ends are disposed inside respective ones of two beams 92 extending in the y direction.

[0016] The beams 92 extending in the x and y directions are provided with work holes 96 facing inward from the surface facing the z direction. Inside the work holes 96, load transmission members 30 are installed. In Embodiment 1, the load transmission member 30 is composed of a plurality of components such as a wedge part (wedge component) driven into the work hole 96 and a plate-like member. The surface of the load transmission member 30 facing the column 91 side abuts against the surface of the work hole 96 on the column 91 side and a castle nut 41 provided on the shaft 21 or the long shaft 22, and acts to pull the shafts 21 and the long shaft 22 in the axial direction and push the beam 92. That is, the shafts 21 and the long shaft 22 act to pull the beam 92 toward the column 91 side via the castle nut 41 and the load transmission member 30. Therefore, the shafts 21 and the long shaft 22 may be collectively referred to as a tension member.

[0017] FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a cross-sectional structure parallel to the xy plane of the joint structure 100 shown in FIG. 1. This cross section shows a cross section passing through insertion holes 93 and 94 in which the cross joint 20 provided inside the column 91 is disposed, and an insertion hole 95 in which a tension member provided inside the beam 92 is disposed.

[0018] The column 91 is provided with insertion holes 93 and 94 that penetrate from the bottom surface of the groove 91a provided on the side surface 91b of the column 91 to the bottom surface of the groove 91a on the opposite side. The insertion holes 93 and 94 extend in the x-direction and the y-direction respectively and intersect at the center. The insertion holes 93 and 94 are both large enough to accommodate the cross joint 20 inside, and the driving joint 60, which will be described later, can also be arranged therein.

[0019] The four beams 92 are provided with insertion holes 95 that extend in the x-direction or the y-direction. The insertion holes 95 are provided so as to communicate with the insertion holes 93 or 94 provided in the column 91 when the beam 92 is attached to the column 91. The insertion holes 95 provided in the beam 92 are formed to be large enough to insert the shaft 21 or the long shaft 22 inside. Note that the shaft 21 and the long shaft 22 have a socket nut 44 screwed onto the tip located inside the beam 92. The socket nut 44 has a round head, which makes it difficult to catch on the inner surface of the insertion hole 95 when inserting the shaft 21 or the long shaft 22 into the insertion hole 95.

[0020] The insertion hole 95 intersects with a working hole 96 that extends in the z-direction and is provided at a certain distance from the column 91. The shaft 21 and the long shaft 22 arranged in the insertion hole 95 are provided with castle nuts 41. The castle nuts 41 are screwed onto the first male thread portion 23 provided at the end of the shaft 21 and the long shaft 22. At least a part of the castle nut 41 screwed onto the first male thread portion 23 is located in the space where the working hole 96 and the insertion hole 95 intersect. One end face of the part of the castle nut 41 that has penetrated into the working hole 96 is in contact with the load transmission member 30.

[0021] Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of a cross-sectional structure parallel to the xz plane of the joint structure 100 shown in Figure 1. This cross-section shows a cross-section passing through the insertion hole 93 provided inside the column 91 and the insertion hole 95 where the tension member provided inside the beam 92 is arranged.

[0022] The working hole 96 provided in the beam 92 extends in the z direction, intersects with the insertion hole 95 extending in the x direction, and further extends toward the inside of the beam 92. Inside the working hole 96, a load transmission member 30 is arranged. In Embodiment 1, the load transmission member 30 includes an upper wedge 31, a lower wedge 32, a filler 33, and a shim liner 34 from the column 91 side. The upper wedge 31, the lower wedge 32, and the filler 33 are arranged overlappingly in the x direction between the castle nut 41 and the wall surface 96a on the column 91 side of the working hole 96. The upper wedge 31 and the lower wedge 32 have a structure where one end face side is thick and the other end face side is thin, and one face facing the x direction is inclined with respect to the other face. The upper wedge 31 and the lower wedge 32 are arranged in the working hole 96 with the inclined faces in contact with each other. The upper wedge 31 is driven between the lower wedge 32 and the wall surface 96a from the opening side of the working hole 96 with a wooden mallet or the like, and pushes the lower wedge 32 and the wall surface 96a in the direction along the x-axis.

[0023] That is, the lower wedge 32 and the filler 33 are pre-arranged between the castle nut 41 and the wall surface 96a, and the upper wedge 31 is driven between the lower wedge 32 and the wall surface 96a to push the lower wedge 32 and the wall surface 96a. The gap formed between the lower wedge 32 and the wall surface 96a is narrower compared to the upper wedge 31, and by driving the upper wedge 31 into the working hole 96, the gap is gradually expanded. In this way, due to the force with which the upper wedge 31 expands the gap, the long shaft 22 is pulled via the castle nut 41, and tension is generated. The tension generated in the long shaft 22 becomes a force that presses the beam 92 toward the column 91 side via the filler 33, the lower wedge 32, and the upper wedge 31.

[0024] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, both ends of the long shaft 22 are disposed inside two beams 92 that abut against two opposing side surfaces 92b of the column 91, and castle nuts 41 are attached thereto respectively. A load transmission member 30 is disposed on the two opposing beams 92, and the long shaft 22 is pulled by the load transmission member 30 via the castle nuts 41 at both ends thereof. That is, the tension generated in the long shaft 22 pulls the two beams 92 toward the column 91 via the load transmission member 30 at both ends.

[0025] Further, the beam 92 includes a protrusion 92a that fits into a groove 91a formed in the column 91. The protrusion 92a is used for positioning and fixing the beam 92 with respect to the column 91, and is set to a protrusion amount of about 15 mm.

[0026] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the load transmission member 30 according to Embodiment 1. The load transmission member 30 according to Embodiment 1 includes an upper wedge 31, a lower wedge 32, a filler 33, and a shim liner 34. The upper wedge 31, the lower wedge 32, the filler 33, and the shim liner 34 are arranged to be stacked in the axial direction of the beam 92 (the x direction or the y direction in FIG. 1), and the upper wedge 31 and the lower wedge 32 act as wedges to generate tension in the tension member. Further, when the fastening between the column 91 and the beam 92 is loosened due to aging and vibration, the upper wedge 31 can be driven further or re-driven to fasten again. At least the upper wedge 31 is preferably made of wood in order to abut against the wooden beam 92. Further, the filler 33 is preferably made of a metal such as stainless steel because it abuts against the castle nut 41.

[0027] In addition, the upper wedge 31 may be provided with graduations so as to be orthogonal to the driving direction. By providing the graduations, an operator can accurately manage the driving amount of the upper wedge 31. For example, when a plurality of beams 92 are attached to a column 91 as shown in FIG. 1, it is desirable that the driving amounts of the upper wedges 31 driven into the respective beams 92 be equal. By performing the driving operation of the upper wedge 31 while looking at the graduations, the working efficiency is improved. Note that the driving amount of the upper wedge 31 can also be managed by controlling the amount protruding from the beam 92.

[0028] The load transmission member 30 can fasten the beam 92 and the column 91 even without the shim liner 34. The shim liner 34 is not sandwiched between the castle nut 41 and the wall surface 96a of the working hole 96, and is arranged so as to fill the gap between the filler 33 and the wall surface 96b of the working hole 96. The shim liner 34 suppresses the deformation of the filler 33 when the filler 33 receives a load from the castle nut 41.

[0029] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the load transmission member 30 according to the first embodiment installed in the work hole 96. In this figure, the structure of the beam 92 is omitted. The upper wedge 31, the lower wedge 32, and the filler 33 are arranged so as to straddle the long shaft 22 which is a tension member. Therefore, the upper wedge 31, the lower wedge 32, the filler 33, and the shim liner 34 are provided with notches 31a, 32a, or 33a at the tips facing the bottom of the work hole 96 provided in the beam 92. The notches 31a, 31b, and 33a are formed to have a width that allows the long shaft 22 to pass through. In particular, the notch 33a provided in the filler 33 is formed to have a width that allows the long shaft 22 to be inserted therethrough and the end face of the castle nut 41 to abut against the surface 33b. That is, the width W of the notch 33a of the filler 33 shown in FIG. 5 is formed to be slightly larger than the long shaft 22, but smaller than the width of the castle nut 41. The castle nut 41 can be screwed onto the first male screw portion 23 provided on the shaft 21 and the long shaft 22 in the same manner as a general nut, and is hexagonal when viewed in the axial direction of the shaft 21 and the long shaft 22. Here, the relationship between the long shaft 22 and the load transmission member 30 has been described, but the relationship between the shaft 21 and the load transmission member 30 is similarly configured.

[0030] The shim liner 34 is arranged so as to straddle the castle nut 41. Therefore, the width W1 of the notch 34a of the shim liner 34 is formed to be at least larger than the width between the two opposing side surfaces of the castle nut 41. Alternatively, the width W1 of the notch 34a of the shim liner 34 is formed to be larger than the outermost diameter of the castle nut 41. Note that by setting the width W1 of the notch 34a of the shim liner 34 to be equal to or greater than the width between the two opposing side surfaces of the castle nut 41 and smaller than the outermost diameter of the castle nut 41, the notch 34a can stop the rotation of the castle nut 41. Thereby, in the joining structure 100, the movement of the castle nut 41 is suppressed due to aging or vibration, so that loosening of the fastening can be suppressed.

[0031] The castle nut 41 is formed to be longer in the axial direction than a general hexagonal nut, and a notch 41a is provided from one end face. The notch 41a is arranged corresponding to each of the six side faces. The notch 41a of the castle nut 41 is arranged at a visible position when looking into the work hole 96 in a state where the load transmission member 30 is not installed, and by inserting a tool into the notch 41a, the castle nut 41 can be rotated even when it is arranged in the work hole 96.

[0032] Figure 6 is an explanatory view of a cross-sectional structure parallel to the yz plane of the joining structure 100 shown in Figure 1. This cross-section shows a cross-section passing through the insertion hole 94 in which the cross joint 20 provided inside the column 91 is arranged and the insertion hole 95 in which the tension member provided inside the beam 92 is arranged. In Figure 6, different from the structure in which the long shaft 22 shown in Figure 4 penetrates the column 91, a structure is formed in which two shafts 21 are connected by a cross joint 20 arranged inside the column 91. The two shafts 21 shown in Figure 6 are screwed and connected to the first female screw portion 20e (see Figure 8) provided in the cross joint 20, and function in the same manner as the long shaft 22 shown in Figure 4. That is, the tension generated in the two shafts 21 connected by the cross joint 20 presses the beam 92 toward the column 91 via the castle nut 41 and the load transmission member 30, and fastens the column 91 and the beam 92. Also in the structure shown in Figure 6, the load transmission member 30 and the castle nut 41 function in the same manner as described above using the long shaft 22.

[0033] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the cross joint 20 of the joining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. The cross joint 20 is substantially a rectangular parallelepiped, and includes a first female screw portion 20e formed in a hole provided in a set of first surfaces 20a facing each other in the longitudinal direction, and a second female screw portion 20f formed in a hole provided in a set of second surfaces 20b orthogonal to the first surface 20a. The cross joint 20 also includes a set of third surfaces 20c other than the first surface 20a and the second surface 20b. A groove portion 20d is provided in the central portion of the third surface 20c. The groove portion 20d is a groove provided so as to penetrate the opposing second surface 20b, and is formed in an I shape when the cross joint 20 is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the second surface 20b. A second hole 20g penetrating to the opposing surface is provided at the bottom of the groove portion 20d. The second hole 20g is formed to be large enough for the long shaft 22 to be inserted therethrough.

[0034] In the joining structure 100 shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 6, the cross joint 20 is inserted into the insertion hole 94 of the column 91 with the first surface 20a, which is the end surface in the longitudinal direction, facing the y direction and the third surface 20c provided with the groove portion 20d facing the x direction. The first male screw portions 24 provided at one ends of the shafts 21 are screwed into the first female screw portions 20e provided on the two first surfaces 20a of the cross joint 20, respectively. Since the long shaft 22 can be inserted through the second hole 20g of the cross joint 20, the joint fitting 10 can fasten the four orthogonal beams 92 attached to the column 91 to the column 91.

[0035] (Modification Example of Engagement Member) FIG. 8 shows a modification of the configuration of the engaging member in the joining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. In the above, the structure in which the castle nut 41 is used alone as the engaging member has been described. However, in the modification shown in FIG. 8, as the engaging member, not only the castle nut 41 but also a lock washer 42 and a lock nut 43 are used, and an example in which a double nut structure 40 is applied is shown. In the case of this structure, since the castle nut 41 and the lock nut 43 form a so-called double nut configuration, they are fixed in a state of being screwed onto the first male screw portion 23 of the shaft 21 or the long shaft 22 and do not move easily.

[0036] (Modification of the arrangement of the shaft 21) FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a joining structure 100a which is a modification of the joining structure 100 of Embodiment 1. FIG. 9 shows a state in which the joining fitting 10a installed inside the column 91 and the beam 92 is seen through. Thus, the joining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1 can also fix the beam 92 assembled in a T-shape by changing the usage of the cross joint 20.

[0037] In the joining structure 100a according to the modification, the cross joint 20 is arranged with the third surface 20c facing in the z direction and the second surface 20b facing in the y direction. A U-shaped (U-shaped) driving joint 60 is fitted into the groove portion 20d formed on the third surface 20c of the cross joint 20. In the cross-shaped insertion holes 93 and 94 inside the column 91, the driving joint 60 is arranged in one insertion hole 93 and fitted with the cross joint 20 to fix the cross joint 20 so that it does not come out of the insertion hole 94.

[0038] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a state in which the cross joint 20 and the driving joint 60 of the joining structure 100a shown in FIG. 9 are combined. When the driving joint 60 is fitted into the groove portion 20d and caught in the insertion hole 93, the cross joint 20 does not shift in the longitudinal direction inside the insertion hole 94 of the column 91 even when receiving a load from the shaft 21.

[0039] The driving joint 60 is formed in a U-shape, so that the shaft 21 can be inserted from the open part side and screwed into the second female screw part 20f provided on the cross joint 20. Since the cross joint 20 is fitted in the insertion hole 94 of the column 91, it can receive a load from the shaft 21 attached from the direction of the arrow R shown in Fig. 10(a). As a result, the joint fitting 10a can fasten the beam 92 assembled in a T-shape to the column.

[0040] Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a joint structure 100b which is a modification of the joint structure 100 of Embodiment 1. Fig. 11 shows a state in which the joint fitting 10b installed inside the column 91 and the beam 92 is seen through. Thus, the joint structure 100 according to Embodiment 1 can also fix the beam 92 assembled in an L-shape by changing the usage of the cross joint 20.

[0041] Also in the joint structure 100b, the usage of the cross joint 20 is the same as that of the joint structure 100a described above. Since the cross joint 20 of the joint structure 100b is configured not to shift in the longitudinal direction inside the insertion hole 94 of the column 91 by the driving joint 60, it can receive a load from the shaft 21 even if one shaft 21 of the joint structure 100a shown in Fig. 9 does not exist.

[0042] As described above, the joining structures 100, 100a, and 100b according to Embodiment 1 can generate tension in the shaft 21 or the long shaft 22, which is a tension member, by the above-described structure, and fasten the beam 92 (horizontal member) to the column 91. Further, each member of the joining structures 100, 100a, and 100b according to Embodiment 1 can be appropriately changed. For example, the recess 26 provided in the shaft 21 is provided at a position symmetric with respect to the central axis of the shaft 21 to facilitate rotation of the shaft 21 using a tool, but it may be abolished or a larger number can be further provided on the same circumference. Further, the castle nut 41, which is an engaging member, can also be replaced with a normal nut. Alternatively, without using the castle nut 41, the engaging member may be welded and fixed to the shaft 21 or the long shaft 22 in advance. Furthermore, a shaft 21 or a long shaft 22 having a partially large outer diameter can be used, and the portion having a large outer diameter can be used as the engaging member.

[0043] Further, since the joining structures 100, 100a, and 100b according to Embodiment 1 are configured as described above, by charging the joining metal fittings 10 inside the column 91 and the horizontal members such as the beam 92 and the girders, no metalware is exposed on the lower surface and both side surfaces of the horizontal members. As a result, in a wooden building, the strength and rigidity can be increased, and high designability can be achieved without impairing the wood texture. Further, since the joining structures 100, 100a, and 100b have a simple identical processing form, the construction procedure of the builder is good, and the construction work can be performed while adjusting the overall state of the construction. That is, by driving the wedge part (upper wedge 31) constituting the load transmission member 30, the filler 33 receives the load for expansion, tightly fastens the members, and thereby the springback generated in the wedge part effectively acts on each member. While ensuring extremely high rigidity and strength, by driving the wedge part, tightening and adjustment can be performed any number of times, and strong load-bearing capacity can be maintained for a long time.

[0044] In addition, the joining structures 100, 100a, and 100b use the shaft 21 and the long shaft 22, which are integral members without joints as tension members, and minimize the connection by screwing, so loosening is less likely to occur over time. Further, in order to install the shaft 21 and the long shaft 22, which are tension members, the beams 92 and the columns 91 are provided with a minimum number of holes, and the cross-sectional loss at the joint part in the wooden frame can be minimized, and the strength as a structural material can be ensured.

[0045] Furthermore, the joining structures 100, 100a, and 100b can be easily constructed even for the first time by a unified joint processing and installation method, and are excellent in workability and constructability. Also, since no special tools are required at all, construction can be carried out with conventional tools. In particular, since the shaft 21 is screwed with the cross joint 20, a recess 26 is formed on the side surface of the central portion (the portion between the first male screw portion 23 and the second male screw portion 24), and it can be easily rotated using a tool such as a wrench. In addition, the tightening of the members by driving the wedge parts is based on traditional techniques, so the reliability from craftsmen is also increased.

[0046] Embodiment 2. The joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 is a structure in which a column 91 and a beam 92 are tightened by applying a fitting 210 that uses a tension member 222 instead of the long shaft 22 used in the joining structure 100 according to Embodiment 1. Also, the joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 changes the configuration of the load transmission member 30, which is a structure that generates tension in the tension member 222. In Embodiment 2, the description will focus on the differences from Embodiment 1.

[0047] FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of a cross-sectional structure parallel to the xz plane of the joining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1. In Embodiment 2, a load transmission member 230 and a fastening nut 241 are installed at both ends of the tension member 222. By tightening the fastening nut 241, tension is generated in the tension member 222, and the tension member 222 pulls the beam 92 toward the column 91 side. The load transmission member 230 is composed of a plate 231 which is a relatively thick flat plate and a filler 233 which is a thin flat plate. The thick plate 231 is preferably made of wood because it directly abuts against the beam 92. The filler 233 is preferably made of metal because it abuts against the fastening nut 241.

[0048] The beam 92 according to Embodiment 2 is provided with an inclined insertion hole 295. The insertion hole 295 is drilled obliquely from the upper surface of the beam 92 toward the protruding portion 92a of the end surface that abuts against the column 91 and communicates with the insertion hole 294 provided in the column 91. The insertion hole 294 is provided at substantially the same inclination angle as the insertion hole 295. The insertion hole 295 and the insertion hole 294 are also drilled from the beam 92 disposed at positions facing each other across the column 91, and intersect with each other at the center of the column 91.

[0049] The joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 is mainly used to reinforce the existing column 91 and beam 92 and can be installed without removing the beam 92 from the column 91. That is, the column 91 and the beam 92 according to Embodiment 2 are configured such that the tension member 222 can be inserted by drilling obliquely from the upper surface of the existing beam 92 to provide the insertion hole 295 and the insertion hole 294, and providing a through hole between the two opposing beams 92. A socket nut 45 is attached to the tip of the tension member 222. The socket nut 45 suppresses the tip from being caught when the tension member 222 is inserted into the insertion hole 295.

[0050] The tension member 222 is composed of a wire 224 made of steel with flexibility at the central part, and is configured to be inserted into a V-shaped through hole as shown in Fig. 13. The tension member 222 has end shafts 225 fixed to both ends of the wire 224, and male screw portions 223 are provided on the end shafts 225. The end shafts 225 are inserted into through holes provided in the plate 231 and the filler 233 that constitute the load transmission member 230, and are configured such that a fastening nut 241 can be installed outside the load transmission member 230.

[0051] The fastening nut 241 is screwed onto the male screw portion 223 at the end of the tension member 222, and is tightened with a tool such as a wrench while being in contact with the load transmission member 230, thereby generating tension in the tension member 222. The tension of the tension member 222 pulls the beam 92 toward the column 91 side via the fastening nut 241 and the load transmission member 230. The fastening nut 241 may be fixed by the lock washer 42 and the lock nut 43 described in Embodiment 1.

[0052] The insertion hole 295 opens on the upper surface of the beam 92. Also, the opening of the insertion hole 295 is formed wide, facilitating the operation when tightening the fastening nut 241 with a tool such as a wrench.

[0053] Since the tension member 222 is inserted into the V-shaped hole in Fig. 13 and the fastening nut 241 is tightened, the central part moves in the z direction and contacts the corner 98 inside the insertion hole 293a of the column 91. That is, in the state where the installation of the tension member 222 is completed, the central part moves to the position of the two-dot chain line shown inside the insertion hole 295 and the insertion hole 293a in Fig. 13 and presses the corner 98.

[0054] A protective tube 226 may be installed at the center of the wire 224 of the tension member 222. The protective tube 226 is a tube through which the tension member 222 can be inserted, for example, a copper tube. The protective tube 226 abuts against the corner 98 while covering the wire 224. The wire 224 is bent at the corner but is protected by the protective tube 226. Also, although the protective tube 226 is initially in a straight circular tube shape, since it is formed of a relatively soft material, it is deformed according to the shape of the wire 224. Further, since the protective tube 226 is formed of a relatively soft material, it also has the effect of protecting the corner 98 of the column 91.

[0055] (An example of the installation method of the joining structure 200) FIG. 14 is a flowchart of an example of the installation method of the joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. Hereinafter, the steps for installing the joining structure 200 on the existing column 91 and beam 92 shown in FIG. 13 will be described.

[0056] First, a hole is drilled obliquely from the existing beam 92 toward the center of the column 91 (step S1). The hole drilling is performed using a hole saw or the like from the upper surfaces of the respective beams 92 arranged opposite to each other with the column 91 interposed therebetween. Also, the hole drilling is performed on the beam 92 and the column 91 so that the insertion hole 295 and the insertion through-hole 294 communicate with each other. The insertion through-hole 294 of the column 91 is not drilled through, and the hole drilling is stopped when the center is reached. The insertion through-hole 294 becomes a V-shaped through-hole by intersecting with the hole drilled from the other beam 92.

[0057] When the hole drilling is completed and a V-shaped hole penetrating from one beam 92 to the other beam 92 is opened, next, the tension member is passed through the drilled hole (step S2). The tension member 222 is inserted from the opening of the hole formed in one beam 92 and inserted until the tip can be seen at the opening of the other beam 92. At this time, if a cap nut 45 is screwed onto the tip of the tension member 222 to be inserted, it is possible to prevent the tip from getting caught inside the hole.

[0058] Furthermore, in step S2, a process of passing the tension member 222 inside the protection pipe 226 and inserting the protection pipe 226 into the central portion of the column 91 along the tension member 222 may be provided. The protection pipe 226 is inserted into the insertion hole 295 and the insertion through-hole 294 and is pushed into the hole using a metal pipe sized to allow the tension member 222 to pass through its interior. The position of the protection pipe 226 is adjusted with reference to the length of inserting the metal pipe into the hole.

[0059] When the tension member 222 is inserted through the insertion hole 295 and the insertion through-hole 294, a load transmission member 230 is installed on the end shaft 225 of the tension member 222 (step S3). The relatively thick wooden plate 231 and the relatively thin metal filler 233 are provided with through-holes, for example, sized to allow the end shaft 225 to pass through, and are arranged at positions where they contact the wall surface 296a of the work hole 296 while passing the end shaft 225 through the through-holes. The load transmission members 230 are installed at both ends of the tension member 222.

[0060] When the load transmission member 230 is installed, a fastening nut 241 is screwed onto the end shaft 225, and the fastening nut 241 is installed at a position where it contacts the load transmission member 230 (step S4). The fastening nut 241 is temporarily tightened at this point.

[0061] Next, the fastening nut 241 is fastened using a wrench or the like (step S5). The fastening is preferably performed not only on one fastening nut 241 but also alternately on the other fastening nut 241 and tightened with a predetermined torque. The fastening of the fastening nut 241 is preferably performed using a torque wrench or the like so that the tightening torque can be controlled. Also, the torque wrench is used when retightening the fastening nut 241.

[0062] When the fastening of the fastening nut 241 is completed, a lock washer 42 and a lock nut 43 are screwed onto the end shaft 225 and fastened (step S6). This suppresses the loosening of the fastening nut 241 over time.

[0063] The joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 is carried out as described above. However, the above installation method is just an example, and components and the like can be changed as appropriate. Note that FIGS. 12 and 13 show a structure in which two beams 92 are arranged on opposite side surfaces of the column 91, but the joining structure 200 can also be applied when four beams 92 are joined to the column 91. In this case, tension members 222 and the like are also installed for the beams 92 extending in the x direction in FIGS. 12 and 13 according to the procedure of FIG. 14.

[0064] (Modification of the joining structure 200) FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a cross-sectional structure of a modification of the joining structure 200 of Embodiment 2. In the case of a structure in which four beams 92 are attached to the column 91, the two tension members 222 are inserted through insertion holes 293a and 293b provided at different heights at the center of the column 91.

[0065] In the structure shown in FIG. 15, the insertion hole 295 and the insertion hole 293b are provided with a larger inclination angle than in the case shown in FIG. 13. By being formed in this way, it becomes possible to install the two tension members 222.

[0066] In the structure shown in FIG. 15, the protective pipe 226 is not installed inside the insertion hole 293b, but even in this case, the protective pipe 226 may be installed to protect the corner portion 98.

[0067] Note that in the structure shown in FIG. 15, fastening is performed using the load transmission member 30 described in Embodiment 1. In the joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 as well, fastening by a wedge like the load transmission member 30 may be performed. Also, for the structure shown in FIG. 15, the load transmission member 230 shown in FIG. 13 and the like can be applied, and fastening can be performed using the fastening nut 241. Furthermore, a fastening structure using the fastening nut 241 can also be applied to the joining structures 100, 100a, and 100b of Embodiment 1. In this case, it is necessary to change the shape of the work hole 96 provided in the beam 92 so that the operation of tightening the fastening nut 241 is possible for the joining structures 100, 100a, and 100b according to Embodiment 1.

[0068] Also, since the joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 is configured as described above, not only can the same effects as those of Embodiment 1 be obtained, but it is also suitable for installation on existing columns 91 and beams 92. For example, even for old wooden buildings such as temples and shrines, the joining metal fittings 210 can be installed without removing the beam 92 from the column 91. In the case of a structure in which four beams 92 are attached to the column 91 in a cross shape, it is desirable that the joining metal fittings 210 be arranged in a cross shape in the same manner as the beams 92. This is because if the joining metal fittings 210 are arranged on one set of the cross-shaped beams 92, the difference in strength and rigidity between the set of beams 92 on which the joining metal fittings 210 are installed and the set of beams 92 on which they are not installed becomes large, which may impose a burden on the set of beams 92 on which they are not installed.

[0069] (Regarding the inspection of the joining structure 200) The joining structure 200 generates tension in the tension member 222 as described above, pulls the beam 92 toward the column 91 by the tension, and tightens the column 91 and the beam 92. Therefore, if the appropriate tension is not generated in the tension member 222, the column 91 and the beam 92 are not properly tightened. Hereinafter, a method for inspecting whether the joining structure 200 is in an appropriate state after the joining structure 200 is installed will be described.

[0070] For example, in the state where the joining structure 200 is installed as shown in FIGS. 12, 13, and 15, tap the end of the tension member 222 that can be visually recognized from the outside with an inspection tool such as a hammer, and check what kind of sound is generated. When the appropriate tension is generated in the tension member 222, a relatively high-pitched sound is generated. Also, when the tension member 222 is loose, a dull sound is generated. When performing this inspection, it is advisable to prepare a joining structure 200 assembled in an appropriate state in advance and check the sound in a normal state by tapping it with an inspection tool. Also, for the joining structure 200 assembled in an appropriate state, after managing the tightening torque of the tightening nut 241, a sound inspection is performed. By grasping in advance the relationship between the tightening torque and the generated sound in this way, a highly accurate inspection can be performed at the site where the joining structure 200 is installed.

[0071] When it is determined that the fastening is not appropriate by the tapping inspection, the fastening nut 241 is tightened again, etc., and the tapping inspection is performed again. It is desirable to repeat this operation until an appropriate sound is obtained. Note that this tapping inspection can also be applied to the structure according to Embodiment 1.

[0072] Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments above, the present invention is not limited only to the configurations of the above-described embodiments. For example, a part of the structure shown in the joining structures 100, 100a, 100b according to Embodiment 1 and a part of the structure shown in the joining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 may be combined and applied to one column 91. That is, two shafts 21 and a cross joint 20 extending in the x direction in the joining structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 may be abolished, and a tension member 222 shown in FIG. 14 and peripheral components attached thereto may be applied. Further, in the joining structure 100a shown in FIG. 9, two shafts 21 extending in the y direction may be abolished, and the structure shown in FIG. 14 may be applied. Further, each component constituting the joining structures 100 and 200 can change the structure as appropriate. For example, the long shaft 22 shown in FIG. 1 may be replaced with a tension member 222 having flexibility at the central portion. In short, it is noted that various changes, applications, and usage ranges made by those skilled in the art as needed are also included in the gist (technical scope) of the present invention.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0073] 10: Joining fitting 10a: Joining fitting 10b: Joining fitting 20: Cross joint 20a: First surface 20b: Second surface 20c: Third surface 20d: Groove portion 20e: First female screw portion 20f: Second female screw portion 20g: Second hole 21: Shaft 22: Long shaft 23: First male thread part 24: Second male thread part 26: Concave part 30: Load transmission member 31: Upper wedge 31a: Notch 31b: Notch 32: Lower wedge 32a: Notch 33: Filler 33a: Notch 33b: Surface 2 34: Shim liner 34a: Notch 40: Double nut structure 41: Castle nut 41a: Notch 42: Lock washer 43: Lock nut 44: Cap nut 45: Cap nut 60: Driving joint 91: Column 91a: Groove 91b: Side surface 92: Beam 92a: End face 92b: Side surface 93: Insertion hole 94: Insertion hole 95: Insertion hole 96: Working hole 96a: Wall surface 96b: Wall surface 98: Corner part 100: Joining structure 100a: Joining structure 100b: Joining structure 200: Joining structure 210: Joining fitting 222: Tensile member 223: Male thread part 224: Wire 225: End shaft 226: Protection pipe 230: Load transmission member 231: Plate 233: Filler 241: Tightening Nut 293a: Insertion Hole 293b: Insertion Hole 294: Insertion Hole 295: Insertion Hole 296: Working Hole 296a: Wall Surface

Claims

1. A joining structure for fastening the joints of a wooden building, comprising: a column having an insertion hole opened on a side surface; at least two cross members each attached to each of two opposing side surfaces of the column, the cross members being provided with an insertion hole extending axially from an end surface and a working hole extending so as to intersect the axial direction and communicating with the insertion hole; a tension member whose end is inserted into the insertion hole of each of the two cross members; an engagement member installed on the tension member; a plate-shaped load transmission member inserted into the working hole, wherein the insertion hole and the insertion hole: communicate so that the tension member can be inserted; the tension member: is arranged to penetrate the column, and the central part is composed of a flexible member; the engagement member is provided at each of both ends; the load transmission member: is located on the column side of the engagement member inside the working hole and abuts against the engagement member; causes tension in the tension member via the engagement member and acts on the tension member so as to axially pull the two cross members; a joining structure.

2. The joining structure according to Claim 1, wherein: the insertion holes provided in the two cross members: are provided inclined with respect to the axial direction of the two cross members; the insertion hole provided in the column: is provided so as to communicate the insertion holes of the two cross members; a joining structure.

3. The joining structure according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein: the engagement member: is a nut that screws into a first male screw portion provided at the end of the tension member; the nut: is tightened in a state of being screwed onto the tension member to generate tension in the tension member; a joining structure.

4. The joining structure according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein: the engagement member: at least a part of which is disposed inside the working hole; the load transmission member: includes a filler that abuts against the engagement member and a wedge component driven into the working hole; the wedge component: is driven between a wall surface located on the column side of the inner wall surface of the working hole and the filler to generate tension in the tension member; a joining structure.

5. The joining structure according to Claim 4, wherein: the engagement member: is a nut that screws into a first male screw portion provided at the end of the tension member; the nut: has a notch provided from one end in the axial direction; screws into the male screw portion provided at the end of the tension member; the portion where the notch is provided is disposed inside the working hole; a joining structure.

6. A joining structure for tightly connecting joints of wooden buildings, a column having an insertion hole opened on a side surface, a cross member provided with an insertion hole extending axially from an end surface and a working hole extending so as to intersect the axial direction and communicating with the insertion hole, a tension member having one end inserted into the insertion hole of the cross member, a nut screwed onto a first male screw portion provided at one end of the tension member, a plate-like load transmission member inserted into the working hole, and a cross joint which is a fitting screwed to the tension member, wherein the insertion hole and the insertion hole communicate so that the tension member can be inserted, the nut has a notch provided from one end in the axial direction, at least a portion where the notch is provided is disposed inside the working hole, the load transmission member includes a filler abutting against the nut and a wedge member driven toward the working hole, the filler is located on the column side of the nut inside the working hole and abuts against the nut, the wedge member is driven between a wall surface located on the column side among inner wall surfaces of the working hole and the filler, generates tension in the tension member via the nut, and acts on the tension member so as to axially pull the cross member, a joining structure.

7. A joining structure for tightly connecting joints of wooden buildings, a column having an insertion hole opened on a side surface, a cross member provided with an insertion hole extending axially from an end surface and a working hole extending so as to intersect the axial direction and communicating with the insertion hole, a tension member having one end inserted into the insertion hole of the cross member, a nut screwed onto a first male screw portion provided at one end of the tension member, a plate-like load transmission member inserted into the working hole, and a cross joint which is a fitting screwed to the tension member, wherein the insertion hole and the insertion hole communicate so that the tension member can be inserted, the load transmission member is located on the column side of the nut inside the working hole and abuts against the nut, the nut is tightened in a state of being screwed to the tension member, generates tension in the tension member, and acts on the tension member so as to axially pull the cross member, a joining structure.

8. The joining structure according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the cross joint is substantially a rectangular parallelepiped, a first female screw portion formed in a hole provided on a set of first surfaces facing each other in the longitudinal direction, A second female thread portion formed in a hole provided in a pair of second surfaces orthogonal to the first surface, comprising: disposed within the insertion hole of the column, the tension member, includes a shaft formed of an integral member without threaded connection, the shaft, comprises a second male thread portion provided at an end opposite to the end provided with the first male thread portion, a second male thread portion is screwed into the first female thread portion or the second female thread portion provided in the cross joint, and tension is generated between the cross joint via the nut, acting to pull the cross member toward the column side, joint structure.

9. The joint structure according to claim 8, the cross member, includes two cross members attached to two opposing side surfaces of the column, the tension member, includes a long shaft disposed to penetrate the column, both ends of the long shaft, are disposed inside each of the insertion holes provided in the two cross members, each provided with the nut, the cross joint, further includes groove portions provided on each of the remaining pair of third surfaces, and a second hole provided at the bottom of the groove portion and penetrating the cross joint, the long shaft, has an outer diameter smaller than that of the second hole, joint structure.

10. The joint structure according to claim 8, a plurality of the tension members, and a driving joint formed by bending a plate material into a U-shape, the plurality of the tension members, are composed of at least two shafts, or one long shaft and at least one shaft, one of the shafts, is screwed into the second female thread portion of the cross joint, the driving joint, is disposed within the insertion hole of the column, and fits into the groove portion of the cross joint with the open portion of the U-shape facing the direction in which the shaft screwed into the second female thread portion extends, joint structure.

11. The joint structure according to claim 3, further comprising a cap nut screwed onto the tip of the first male thread portion, joint structure.

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