Optical film, lens with optical film mounted thereon, and use of optical film

Abstract

To provide an optical film that includes an adhesive surface configured to be adhered to and cover a substantial area of a spectacle lens, a spectacle lens blank, or a standard fixed-focal spectacle lens.SOLUTION: A first area of an optical film is configured to have substantially no dioptric power over the entire optical film. A second area of the optical film is configured of at least one optical element. The at least one optical element includes a first optical element having an astigmatism profile or a toric dioptric power profile.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] [Cross - reference] This disclosure claims priority to Australian Provisional Application No. 2019 / 903581, filed on September 25, 2019, under the name "A spectacle lens set for myopia", and another Australian Provisional Application No. 2020 / 900413, filed on February 14, 2020, under the name "Lens kit", and the entire disclosures of both applications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] [Field of the Disclosure] This disclosure relates to means for treating abnormalities in the axial length of the eye such as myopia. This disclosure includes apparatuses and methods for prescribing, selecting, supplying, and fitting a pair of glasses or a spectacle front for myopia treatment, which are in the form of a set, a stock item, or a kit, and the apparatuses and methods are substantially toric or astigmatic, or asymmetric, providing a directional optical cue to slow down, improve, control, suppress, or reduce the progression rate of myopia over time, and the method is a prescription of a treatment plan that provides temporal and spatial variations to a directional cue or an optical stop signal.

[0003] This disclosure further includes apparatuses and methods for prescribing, selecting, supplying, and fitting a temporary auxiliary attachable optical film or optical element, which is in the form of a set, a stock item, or a kit, and is used simultaneously with standard single - focus glasses used to correct refractive abnormalities of an individual, and the apparatuses and methods are substantially toric or astigmatic, or asymmetric, providing a directional cue to slow down, improve, control, suppress, or reduce the progression rate of myopia over time, and the method is a prescription of a treatment plan that provides temporal and spatial variations to a directional cue or an optical stop signal.

Background Art

[0004] The human eye is farsighted at birth, and the axial length of the eye is very short relative to the total refractive power of the eye. As a human ages from childhood to adulthood, the eye continues to grow until the refractive state of the eye stabilizes.

[0005] Eye growth is controlled by a feedback mechanism and is mainly regulated by visual experience in the world, aligning the optical system of the eye with the axial length and maintaining homeostasis. This process is called emmetropization.

[0006] The signal leading to the process of emmetropization is initiated by the regulation of light energy received by the retina. Retinal image characteristics are monitored by biological processes that adjust the signal to initiate or stop, accelerate, or decelerate eye growth. This process harmonizes between the optical system and the axial length of the eye to achieve or maintain emmetropia. Deviation from this emmetropization process may cause refractive disorders such as myopia. There is a hypothesis that an increase in retinal activity inhibits eye growth and vice versa.

[0007] The incidence of myopia is increasing at an alarming rate in many regions of the world, especially in East Asia. In myopic individuals, the axial length of the eye does not match the total refractive power of the eye, so distant objects are focused in front of the retina.

[0008] A simple pair of negative single-focus lenses can correct myopia. The above devices can optically correct refractive abnormalities related to axial length but do not address the underlying cause of excessive eye growth in the progression of myopia.

[0009] Excessive eye growth in cases of high myopia is associated with serious conditions that threaten vision, such as cataracts, glaucoma, myopic maculopathy, and retinal detachment. Therefore, there remains a need for specific optical devices for individuals that not only correct potential refractive abnormalities but also substantially avoid excessive axial length over time.

[0010] To date, numerous eyeglass lens designs have been proposed to control the progression rate of myopia. The prior art includes the use of expensive D-shaped and concentric bifocal lenses, symmetric and asymmetric progressive multifocal lenses, simultaneous defocus regions of eyeglass lenses, and spherical aberration-positive eyeglasses, also referred to as peripheral plus lenses. In other words, all designs have several additional diopters related to the prescription of the lens and are distributed either rotationally symmetric or rotationally asymmetric across the optical axis of the eyeglasses. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0011] Each of the above options has advantages and disadvantages with respect to delaying the progression rate of myopia in an individual. Some of the disadvantages are described herein.

[0012] For example, some of the problems associated with existing eyeglass designs based on various forms of bifocal lenses or peripheral plus power are that they compromise the quality of vision at various other viewing angles by employing significant visual impairments such as the swing-effect, image-jump, residual aberration, peripheral distortion, etc.

[0013] The above side effects may be due primarily to the use of significant levels of multiple defocus regions, multiple defocus bands, or multiple defocus segments, or a significant amount of positive spherical aberration in the lens, or a dramatic change in the diopter within a given band of the eyeglass lens. Due to the impact of prescription compliance of the eyeglass lens, the above lens action becomes uncomfortable, resulting in a significant decrease in visual performance, insufficient promotion of prescription compliance, and insufficient effectiveness of the lens.

[0014] Accordingly, what is needed is an eyeglass design for the correction of myopia and the delay of progression that does not cause one or more of the drawbacks described herein.

[0015] Furthermore, some of the prior art cannot appeal aesthetically to children, teenagers, and young adults, for example, the boundary line of a D-shaped bifocal lens, an expensive bifocal lens, etc. Other solutions will become apparent as described herein.

[0016] Approaches disclosed in the prior art to address the progression of myopia act on the needs of an individual to provide a lens for an effective myopia control solution, but cannot reach one or more ways that function effectively for an individual's daily tasks. Accordingly, there is a desire for a system that includes kits and sets for solving the problems disclosed herein, as well as a method for prescribing such kits and sets.

[0017] One of the drawbacks of prior art glasses for myopia treatment is related to the high cost of utilization, which sets a very high entry barrier for the average individual who needs a solution. Accordingly, there is a need for an instrument and / or method that provides an economically friendly solution to the problem of myopia and can improve the adoption of the solution by the population in need.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0018] [Definitions] Terms are used herein as commonly used by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined herein.

[0019] The term "myopic eye" means an eye that has already faced myopia, is in the pre-myopia stage, is at risk of becoming myopic, or has been diagnosed with a refractive state in which myopia is progressing.

[0020] The term "progressing myopic eye" means an established myopic eye that is diagnosed as being in progress as measured by either a change in refractive error of -0.25 D / year or less, or a change in axial length of 0.1 mm / year or more.

[0021] The term "an eye at risk of becoming myopic" means, at that time, an eye that may be emmetropic or have mild hyperopia, but due to genetic factors (e.g., both parents are myopic, etc.) and / or age (e.g., being young with mild hyperopia, etc.), and / or environmental factors (e.g., the time spent outdoors) and / or behavioral factors (e.g., the time spent on near tasks), is identified as having a high risk of becoming myopic.

[0022] The term "stop signal" means an optical signal that can facilitate the deceleration, reversal, inhibition, delay, suppression, or control of eye growth and / or the refractive state of the eye.

[0023] The term "through - focus" means the regions substantially in front of and behind the retina. In other words, it is the region almost directly in front of and / or almost directly behind the retina.

[0024] The term "spectacle lens" may mean an unused lens of a product or semi - product. The terms "standard single vision spectacle lens" or "commercially available single vision spectacles" or "standard spectacles" mean spectacle lenses used to correct potential refractive eye abnormalities, where the refractive abnormalities may be myopia with astigmatism or myopia without astigmatism.

[0025] The terms "myopia management spectacle lens" or "myopia management spectacles" refer to spectacle lenses used not only to correct potential refractive eye disorders but also to treat the progression of refractive disorders, which may be myopia with astigmatism or myopia without astigmatism.

[0026] The terms "optical zone" or "optic zone" mean the area of a spectacle lens for myopia management that prescribes an optical effect or the area of a front appliance of spectacles. The term "optical centre" means the geometric centre of the optical zone of a spectacle lens. The term "optical axis" means a line passing through the optical centre and substantially perpendicular to a plane including the edge of the spectacle lens. The term or expression "spherical optical zone" may mean that the optical zone has a uniform power distribution with spherical aberration or that the power distribution is uniform without spherical aberration.

[0027] The term or expression "non-spherical optical zone" may mean that the optical power distribution of the optical zone is not uniform. The non-spherical optical zone may be further classified into a non-spherical optical zone with low-order aberrations such as coma aberration or a non-spherical optical zone with high-order aberrations such as coma, trefoil, and spherical aberration. The term or expression "astigmatic optical zone" or "toric optical zone" may mean that the power distribution of the optical zone is spherocylindrical.

[0028] The term "model eye" may mean a schematic ray tracing or a physical eye model. The term "Diopter" or "D" as used herein is the reference unit of dioptric power, defined as the reciprocal of the focal length of a lens or optical system along the optical axis. Usually, the letter "D" represents spherical power, and the letter "DC" represents cylindrical power.

[0029] The term "conoid of Sturm" or "interval of Sturm" refers to the result of the profile of an image in through-focus, formed on or around the retina, represented as an elliptical blur pattern including the sagittal and tangential planes and the circle of least confusion, by introducing the profile of astigmatic power or toric power, or the profile of asymmetric power, using a lens for glasses for myopia treatment, or a front appliance for glasses, or an optical film, or a small optical element.

[0030] The term "induced astigmatism" may be synonymously referred to as "introduced astigmatism".

[0031] The term "power profile" refers to the one-dimensional power distribution of refractive power localized across a lens for glasses for myopia treatment or a front appliance for glasses, either as a function of the radial distance at a given azimuth angle with respect to the optical center, or as a function of the azimuth angle measured at a given radial distance.

[0032] The term "power map" refers to the two-dimensional power distribution of a lens for glasses for myopia treatment or a front appliance for glasses in Cartesian or polar coordinates.

[0033] The term "radial" means the radial direction from the optical center in the lens of glasses for myopia treatment or the front device of glasses, as defined along the azimuthal angle, in the context of describing the lens of glasses for myopia treatment or the front device of glasses. The term "azimuthal" means the circumferential direction with respect to the optical center in the lens of glasses for myopia treatment or the front device of glasses, as defined by the radial distance, in the context of describing the lens of glasses for myopia treatment or the front device of glasses.

[0034] The term "power map of the optical film" means a two-dimensional power distribution substantially over the entire optical film used in conjunction with a standard single-focus lens of glasses.

[0035] The term "power map of the mini optical element" means a two-dimensional power distribution over the mini optical element in Cartesian or polar coordinates, which may be circular or elliptical.

[0036] The term "radial" means the radial direction from the geometric center in the mini optical element, as defined along the azimuthal angle, in the context of describing the mini optical element. The term "azimuthal" means the circumferential direction along the geometric center in the optical film or the mini optical element, as defined by the radial distance, in the context of describing the mini optical element.

[0037] The term "back vertex power" means the reciprocal of the back vertex focal length over the entire or a specific region of the optical band, expressed in diopters (D). The term " 'SPH' power" or " 'Spherical' power" means a power that is substantially uniform among all the meridians of the optical band. The term " 'CYL' power" or " 'Cylinder' power" means the difference in back vertex power between two principal meridians within the optical band. The term "meridional correction" means correcting the eye in one or more meridians. The term "meridional astigmatism" means introducing astigmatism in at least one other meridian.

[0038] The term "base prescription for correcting the refractive error" means the standard eyeglass prescription required to correct latent myopia in an individual, which may or may not be accompanied by astigmatism.

[0039] The term "sub-foveal region" means the region directly adjacent to the foveola of the fovea of the retina, which is a region with a diameter of about 0.5 mm. The term "foveal region" means a region with a diameter of about 1.5 mm based on the foveola of the fovea. The term "parafoveal region" means the region adjacent to the foveal region, which is generally outside a diameter of 1.5 mm and within a diameter of 3 mm based on the foveola of the fovea. The term "para macular region" means the region directly adjacent to the foveal region, which is generally outside a diameter of about 1.5 mm and within a diameter of 3 mm based on the foveola of the fovea.

[0040] [Summary of the Present Disclosure] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to sets and kits comprising glasses for myopia treatment in pairs, or sets and kits of front appliances for glasses in pairs used simultaneously with the lenses of standard single-focus glasses in pairs, the supply and configuration thereof, and the method of using sets and kits of glasses in pairs or sets and kits of front appliances for glasses in pairs for correcting and treating myopia.

[0041] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to sets and kits of temporary auxiliary optical films, optical sheets, or small optical elements used simultaneously with the lenses of standard single-focus glasses, the supply and configuration thereof, and the method of using sets and kits of temporary auxiliary optical films, optical sheets, or small optical elements used simultaneously with the lenses of standard single-focus glasses for correcting and treating myopia. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure aim at both correcting refractive abnormalities of myopia and simultaneously providing a directional cue that acts as an optical stop signal for reducing the progression of eyeball growth. The specific method of the present disclosure includes a treatment plan for providing temporary and spatial changes to the optical stop signal, and the effect for reducing the progression of eyeball growth is maintained substantially constant over time.

[0042] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure consist of a set or kit of lenses for glasses for myopia treatment in pairs, or a set or kit of front appliances for glasses in pairs, or a set or kit of temporary auxiliary optical films, a set or kit of optical sheets, or a set or kit of small optical elements used simultaneously with the lenses of standard single-focus glasses. The method includes the selection, prescription, wearing, and use of the appliances from the set or kit under the prescription of a treatment plan, and provides a temporary and spatially varying optical stop signal, such as defocus of aberration, to the central region and / or peripheral region of the retina of the eye according to the prescription of the treatment plan. In some embodiments, the method can include a prescription of a treatment plan that provides a temporarily varying optical stop signal or a temporally varying optical stop signal that varies in a pattern of 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, or 1 month. In another embodiment, the method further includes a prescription of a treatment plan that provides a temporarily varying optical stop signal or a temporally varying optical stop signal that varies in a more regular pattern, or a prescription of a treatment plan that provides a temporarily varying optical stop signal or a temporally varying optical stop signal that varies in a more irregular pattern, such as once a day in the next week, once every 2 days in the next week, once every 3 days, or once every 4 days.

[0043] In some embodiments, the method can include a prescription of a treatment plan that provides a spatially varying optical stop signal or a spatially varying optical stop signal that varies within 2.5 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, or 20 degrees, or within 30 degrees of the wearer's visual field. In another embodiment, the method can include a prescription of a treatment plan that provides a spatially varying stop signal that varies in two or more desired retinal regions.

[0044] Another specific embodiment of the present disclosure relates to the need to enhance current spectacle designs that can substantially suppress the progression of myopia over time, while providing reasonable and sufficient visual performance to the wearer regarding the range of activities that the wearer can perform as part of their daily routine. Various aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure address the above-mentioned needs of the wearer.

[0045] Specific embodiments of the present disclosure include a set or kit of spectacles for myopia treatment, or a set or kit of spectacle front appliances that are used in pairs simultaneously with lenses of standard single-focus spectacles, each of which is intentionally configured with a distribution of astigmatic power or a distribution of toric power, in addition to the basic power required to correct refractive errors. The spectacles for myopia treatment, or the spectacle front appliances that are used in pairs simultaneously with lenses of standard single-focus spectacles, provide at least partially a meridional correction for refractive errors of myopia and further provide at least partially a meridional coma aberration that further suppresses the growth of the wearer's eyeball or the progression of myopia. The set or kit of spectacles for myopia treatment, or the spectacle front appliances that are used in pairs simultaneously with lenses of standard single-focus spectacles, provide temporally and spatially varying stop signals to the center and / or periphery of the retina when worn under a prescribed treatment plan. In one example, the set or kit of spectacles for myopia treatment, or the spectacle front appliances that are used in pairs simultaneously with lenses of standard single-focus spectacles, are configured such that the magnitude and / or axis of the introduced coma aberration are substantially different between each pair of spectacles for myopia treatment in the set or kit, or between each pair of spectacle front appliances in the set or kit.

[0046] The present disclosure relates to glasses for treating abnormalities in the axial length of the eye, such as myopia. The proposed method includes the step of correcting refractive abnormalities of myopia, or using a lens kit or set of glasses for myopia treatment prescribed under a specific treatment plan to control, suppress, or reduce the progression rate of myopia substantially constantly over time. The present disclosure relates to an optical treatment set or kit that reduces the progression of myopia by using the effect of defocus of the aberration introduced in one or more regions of the retina. The present disclosure further relates to a method of employing the defocus of the aberration, which can act as a temporary and spatially varying stop signal, in a myopic eye. The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method related to a set or kit for myopia treatment that is intentionally configured and prescribed under a treatment plan to reduce the progression rate of myopia in a wearer substantially constantly over time.

[0047] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a device, method, and / or system for modifying incident light passing through a lens of glasses that decelerates the progression rate of myopia by using cues of the aberration imposed on one or more regions of the retina. In some embodiments, the one or more regions of the retina on which the cues of the aberration are imposed can be imposed on the region of the fovea of the retina, the region of the parafovea of the retina, the region of the macula of the retina, and / or the region of the perimacula of the retina. In some embodiments, the one or more regions of the retina on which the cues of the aberration are imposed can be the temporal part of the retina, the nasal part of the retina, the inferior part of the retina, and / or the superior part of the retina.

[0048] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a device, method, and / or system consisting of a set or kit of glasses including two or more pairs, three or more pairs, four or more pairs, or five or more pairs of glasses or front appliances of glasses prescribed under the prescription of a treatment plan to provide a temporary and spatially varying stop signal to delay the progression rate of myopia, and the effect of myopia treatment is maintained substantially constantly over time.

[0049] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a set, kit, or pair of glasses configured to provide an astigmatism cue, i.e., a stop signal, to slow the progression rate of myopia, or a front appliance for a pair of glasses, an auxiliary optical film / optical sheet, or an auxiliary small optical element, which is a set, kit, or pair of glasses and is used with the lenses of standard single-focus glasses, and a method for prescribing, selecting, wearing, and supplying the same. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus and method including an optical film for converting a lens of a standard single-focus glasses for myopia correction into a lens of glasses for myopia treatment for both myopia correction and delay, deceleration, reduction, and / or treatment of the progression of myopia, and the optical film can be configured into a lens of a standard single-focus glasses by using a desired power profile change across the optical film. In some embodiments, the power profile of the optical film may vary in different regions of the optical film, and when the optical film is configured into or adhered to a lens of a single-focus glasses, it provides astigmatism blur to one or more specific regions of the wearer's retina to reduce the progression rate of myopia. The desired power profile variation in the optical film can be configured by changing the thickness profile of the optical film.

[0050] In some examples, one or more specific regions of the retina that employ an astigmatism cue can be the nasal portion of the retina, the temporal portion of the retina, the superior portion of the retina, and / or the inferior portion of the retina. In some other examples, other retinal regions can be identified. In some other embodiments, one or more specific regions of the wearer's retina that employ an astigmatism cue can be the subfoveal region of the retina, the foveal region of the retina, the parafoveal region of the retina, the macular region of the retina, and / or the perimacular region of the retina.

[0051] In some other embodiments, one or more specific regions of the wearer's retina that adopt the astigmatism cue may be within 2.5 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, or 25 degrees of the visual field. One or more specific regions of the retina may differ between the wearer's left and right eyes. In some embodiments, the difference can be configured as a difference in the magnitude, direction, and / or position of the optical stimulus. In another embodiment, the difference can be selected to maintain sufficient visual performance such that one or more eyes correspond to the visual performance of a standard single-focus lens at any given angle.

[0052] In some embodiments, the optical film or optical sheet under consideration can cover the entire lens of a standard single-focus eyeglass, but in other embodiments, the optical film embodiment can be configured only for a specific region of the eyeglass lens. In certain other embodiments of the present disclosure, an optical film kit or set is provided to be configured to provide the wearer with a stop signal that temporally and spatially varies when the desired optical characteristics are used under the prescription of a treatment plan. Specific examples can include an optical film configured to provide the wearer with a desired astigmatism blur configured in an oval or circular shape. In some other embodiments, the prescription method can include the use of an optical film or optical sheet that begins to degrade after a specific wearing time or wearing period to assist with compliance with the treatment plan.

[0053] The present disclosure relates to the provision of a kit or set including a plurality of small attachable optical elements for temporary assistance that are used individually in conjunction with the lenses of standard single - focus glasses prescribed for the correction of myopia in a wearer, to a prescribing method that provides a period of use and / or a method of use. Each of the small optical elements is substantially configured with an astigmatic power or toric power distribution. One or more small optical elements used in conjunction with the lenses of standard single - focus glasses locally introduce at least partially a blur of spherical aberration or an optical stop signal inside a desired region of the wearer's eye retina. The prescribing period and prescribing method provide a temporarily and spatially varying optical stop signal to control the rate of eyeball growth of the myopic eye of the wearer, and the effect of the myopia treatment is substantially maintained over time.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the individual small attachable optical elements for temporary assistance of the aforementioned kit or set configured with a desired astigmatic power or toric power distribution can be adhered to the lenses of standard single - focus glasses, or adhered to the lenses of standard single - focus glasses by finger pressure, used as a sticker on one surface of the lenses of standard single - focus glasses, used as a removable adhesive on one surface of the lenses of standard single - focus glasses, or used as a combination thereof.

[0055] In another exemplary embodiment, the prescribing method that provides a method of use can include the step of identifying a specific region of the lens of a reference pair of glasses, and the step of marking the region by a small die - pressing or small engraving inside the substrate of the lens of standard single - focus glasses to enable the user to periodically change the position of a small optical element for temporary assistance disposed on the lens of the reference pair of glasses as prescribed in the treatment plan.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the frontware of the pair of glasses provided in the aforementioned kit for use in conjunction with the lenses of standard single - focus glasses can be screwed, hooked, or adhered using a magnetic mechanism to the frame of the standard single - focus glasses.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a small, individually attachable optical element for temporary assistance is configured with a distribution of astigmatic power or toric power, is transparent, elastic, thin, and can be configured using a compliant material, and can be mounted as a sticker on a lens of a standard single-focus spectacle for the purpose of correcting refractive anomalies such as myopia with astigmatism or myopia without astigmatism.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a small, individually attachable optical element for temporary assistance is configured with a distribution of astigmatic power or toric power and is configured as a sticker on a lens of a standard single-focus spectacle for the purpose of correcting myopia, and can cover only a local portion of the spectacle lens. In some examples, the surface area of the local portion of the spectacle lens covered by the sticker is 3 mm 2 or more, 4 mm 2 or more, 5 mm 2 or more, 6 mm 2 or more, 7 mm 2 or more, 8 mm 2 or more, or 10 mm 2 or more.

Brief Description of the Drawings

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0060] The effectiveness of the prior art spectacle design is proven by a randomized controlled clinical trial. The duration of the trial, including the spectacle design, ranges from 6 months to 3 years, and the reported effectiveness ranges from 10% to 50% when compared with a single-focus control lens.

[0061] A simple linear model of emmetropization suggests that the magnitude of the stopping signal accumulates over time. In other words, the accumulation of the stopping signal depends on the total magnitude of the exposure and not on the temporal distribution.

[0062] An observation worthy of note in all clinical trials is the fact that almost all decelerating effects on the progression rate occur as the first burst of the treatment effect observed in the first 6 to 12 months and are thought to disappear over time. Thus, a more accurate emmetropization model consistent with the clinical results suggests that there is a delay before the stopping signal is built and then saturation occurs over time, and perhaps attenuation of the effectiveness of the stopping signal.

[0063] There is a need in the art for spectacle lenses that avoid or minimize the effects of such saturation by providing a temporally and spatially varying stopping signal to slow the progression rate of myopia, for example, by switching the lenses of spectacles for myopia treatment in a pair from a set or kit, or a front appliance for spectacles for myopia treatment used in tandem with the lenses of standard single-focus spectacles during the prescription period, or by switching a pair of temporary auxiliary optical films, optical sheets, or small optical elements, along with a defined treatment plan that requires such switching. In addition to the spectacle lenses in a pair from a set or kit prescribed under a treatment plan, the present disclosure further describes the use of a front appliance for auxiliary spectacles that is a set or kit used in tandem with the lenses of standard spectacles prescribed under a treatment plan, and / or temporary optical films and small optical elements.

[0064] Therefore, there is a need for optical interventions that have a mechanism to achieve a substantially greater effect and / or a substantially constant effect over time in reducing and / or slowing the progression of myopia without significantly impairing visual performance. In one or more embodiments, the substantially constant effect over time can be considered to be 6 months or more, 12 months or more, 18 months or more, 24 months or more, 36 months or more, 48 months or more, or 60 months or more.

[0065] In this section, the present disclosure is described in detail with reference to one or more embodiments, and some are presented and supported by the accompanying drawings. The examples and embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. The following description is provided in connection with several embodiments that may share common characteristics and features of the present disclosure. It should be understood that one or more features of one embodiment can be combined with one or more features of any other embodiment that can constitute additional embodiments. The functional information and structural information disclosed herein should not be construed as a limitation in any form, but should only be construed as representative basic matters for teaching those skilled in the art to use the disclosed embodiments and variations of such embodiments in various forms. The subheadings and related items used in the detailed description section are included only to facilitate the reader's reference and should not be used to limit the subject matter found throughout the present disclosure or the scope of the claims of the present disclosure. The subheadings and related items should not be used when interpreting the scope of the claims or the limitations of the claims.

[0066] The risk of onset of myopia or progressive myopia may be based on one or more factors such as genetic factors, ethnicity, lifestyle, environmental factors, excessive near-work, etc. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to individuals at risk of developing myopia or progressive myopia.

[0067] One or more of the following advantages are found in one or more of the disclosed optical devices and / or in the methods of the kits for myopia treatment. A kit or set of lenses for glasses for myopia treatment as a pair, or a kit or set of front appliances for glasses for myopia treatment used simultaneously with the lenses of standard single-focus glasses, a kit or set of temporary auxiliary optical films as a pair, a kit or set of temporary auxiliary optical sheets as a pair, or a kit or set of small optical elements for temporary assistance, or a method of providing a stop signal for delaying the eye growth rate or stopping the wearer's eyeball growth (or refractive error state) based on the defocus blur signal.

[0068] A kit or set of lenses for glasses for treating myopia that are paired, or a kit or set of front instruments for glasses that are paired and used simultaneously with the lenses of standard single-focus glasses, a kit or set of optical films for temporary auxiliary use that are paired, a kit or set of optical sheets for temporary auxiliary use that are paired, or a kit or set of small optical elements that are paired, or a method for providing a temporary and spatially varying stop signal to increase the effect of treating progressive myopia. The present disclosure contemplates instruments and / or methods that are not based on positive spherical aberration or juxtaposed defocus that are subject to the saturation effect of the effectiveness due to the rotational symmetry of the optical stop signal.

[0069] FIG. 1 shows an uncorrected -3D myopic eye model (100). Incident light (101) with a convergence of 0D at a visible wavelength (e.g., 589 nm) that enters an uncorrected myopic eye results in an image on the retina that has a symmetric blur (102) caused by defocus. This schematic represents the analysis of the on-axis geometric spot on the plane of the retina.

[0070] FIG. 2 shows a schematic of the analysis of the on-axis geometric spot on the plane of the retina when the -3D myopic eye model (200) of FIG. 1 is corrected with a lens of a standard single-focus glasses of the prior art or a commercially available single-focus glasses lens (202). In this embodiment, when incident light (201) with a convergence of 0D at a visible wavelength (e.g., 589 nm) enters the corrected myopic eye, the resulting image on the retina has a symmetric sharp focus (203).

[0071] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the analysis of the geometric spot of the on-axis through-focus on the retinal surface when the -3D myopic eye model (300) of FIG. 1 is corrected with one of the exemplary embodiments (302) disclosed herein. In this example, when incident light (301) with a convergence of 0D at a visible wavelength (e.g., 589 nm) enters the corrected myopic eye (300), the resulting through-focus image on the retina forms a cone of Sturm with a minimum circle of confusion between 303a and 303b or a Sturm interval, and an elliptical blur pattern having sagittal and tangential planes (303a and 303b). Certain exemplary embodiments relate to a method of modifying incident light through an eyeglass lens system that provides an indication of astigmatism (i.e., a stop signal) to the retina of the eye. The above can be achieved by using an astigmatic power or a toric power in addition to the standard power used for myopia correction. In short, the further use of an astigmatic power or a toric power can be used to reduce the progression rate of myopia by adopting an indication of astigmatism (i.e., a stop signal) at the retinal level. In certain embodiments, the use of the astigmatism indication obtained in a kit for myopia treatment can be configured to provide a temporally and spatially varying stop signal.

[0072] The schematic eye model (Table 1) was selected for illustrative purposes in FIGS. 1-3. However, in another exemplary embodiment, a schematic ray-tracing eye model such as the Liou-Brennan model, the Escudero-Navarro model, etc. can be used instead of the simple eye model described above. To assist in further simulations of the embodiments disclosed herein, the parameters of the cornea, lens, retina, choroid, or combinations thereof can be changed. The examples provided herein used a -3D myopic eye model to disclose the present disclosure, but the present disclosure can be extended to other myopia degrees, e.g., -1D, -2D, -5D, or -6D. Furthermore, it is understood that the scope of the present disclosure can be extended to eyes with various degrees of myopic refractive anomalies, with or without astigmatism.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, a specific wavelength of 589 nm was referenced, but one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that it can be extended to other visible wavelengths from 420 nm to 760 nm. The details of the specific structures and functions disclosed in the drawings and examples of the present disclosure should not be construed as limitations, but rather as representative basic matters for teaching one of ordinary skill in the art to use the disclosed embodiments in numerous variations.

[0074] Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a kit or set for myopia treatment that can provide a stop signal for a progressing myopic eye that is temporary and spatially varying, i.e., varying with the retinal position over time, achieved with the aid of a prescription for a treatment plan for wearing. The temporary and spatially varying stop signal can minimize the inherent saturation effect of effectiveness observed in the prior art.

[0075] In certain embodiments, the toric portion of the lens of glasses for myopia treatment, or the toric portion of the front appliance of glasses when used simultaneously with the lens of standard single-focus glasses, at least partially provides meridian correction for a myopic eye and at least partially generates a stop signal for temporally and spatially varying spherical aberration to reduce the progression rate of myopia when worn under a treatment plan. In certain embodiments, the introduced spherical aberration (i.e., stop signal) configured inside the front appliance of the lens of glasses used simultaneously with a pair of lenses for myopia treatment, or a kit or set of lenses of standard single-focus glasses, can be +0.5 DC or more, +0.75 DC or more, +1 DC or more, or +1.25 DC or more. In certain embodiments, the introduced spherical aberration configured inside the front appliance of the lens of glasses used simultaneously with a pair of lenses for myopia treatment, or a kit or set of lenses of standard single-focus glasses, can be from +0.5 DC to +1.75 DC, from +0.5 DC to +2 D, or from +0.5 DC to +2.5 DC.

[0076] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of an exemplary method of prescribing a kit or set of lenses for myopia treatment in order to reduce, suppress, or control the progression rate of a myopic individual, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure.

[0077] In this embodiment, the basic refractive powers for the left and right eyes of the individual are identified by performing an optimal objective or subjective refraction for each eye of the individual (401).

[0078] The magnitudes and axes of the selected suitable astigmatic refractive powers or toric refractive power distributions are combined with the basic refractive powers for two or more pairs of glasses for myopia treatment for the individual (402).

[0079] Two or more pairs of glasses for myopia treatment are configured to at least partially provide meridional correction of the eye and at least partially provide blurring of the meridional coma aberration so as to act as an optical signal to the eye (403).

[0080] Furthermore, the method of using the lenses of two or more pairs of glasses for myopia treatment prescribed under a treatment plan provides the eye with spatially and temporally varying stop signals (404).

[0081] In some embodiments, the suitable level of coma aberration configured inside the lenses of the pair of glasses for myopia treatment used simultaneously with a kit or set of lenses of standard single-focus glasses can be +0.5 DC or more, +0.75 DC or more, +1 DC or more, +1.25 DC or more, or +1.75 DC or more.

[0082] In some embodiments, the suitable level of coma aberration configured inside the lenses of the pair of glasses for myopia treatment used simultaneously with a kit or set of lenses of standard single-focus glasses can be from +0.5 DC to +1.75 DC, from +0.5 DC to +2 DC, or from +0.5 DC to +2.25.

[0083] In some embodiments, the preferred axial difference between the individual spectacle lenses of the spectacle lenses for myopia treatment in a pair can be 15 degrees or more, 30 degrees or more, 45 degrees or more, 60 degrees or more, or 75 degrees or more.

[0084] In some embodiments, the preferred axial difference between the individual spectacle lenses of the spectacle lenses for myopia treatment in a pair can be 15 degrees to 30 degrees, 30 degrees to 60 degrees, 45 degrees to 75 degrees, 60 degrees to 90 degrees, or 15 degrees to 90 degrees.

[0085] To demonstrate the effects of another embodiment, other schematic eye models such as the Atchison model, the Escudero-Navarro model, the Liou-Brennan model, the Polans model, and the Goncharov-Dainty model can be used in place of the above-described schematic eye model.

[0086] Furthermore, the parties can change the individual parameters of the eye model, for example, the parameters of the cornea, the lens, the retina, the uvea, or combinations thereof, to assist in simulating better effects. The schematic eye was used for simulating the results of the optical performance of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0087] The prescription parameters of the schematic eye model used for optical modeling and performance simulation were created in Table 1.

[0088] The prescription provides a -3D myopic eye defined for a monochromatic wavelength of 589 nm. The prescription described in Table 1 should not be construed as an essential method for demonstrating the effects of the intended exemplary embodiments. It is only one of many methods that can be used by those skilled in the art for the purpose of optical simulation.

[0089]

Table 1

[0090] Table 2 provides lenses for glasses for myopia treatment with a prescription of -3D / +1DC. The prescriptions of the exemplary pair of myopia treatment glasses lenses (501 and 510) shown in Figure 5 are such that the first pair is -3D / +1DCx90 (right and left eyes), the second pair is -3D / +1DCx135 (right eye) for the second pair, and -3D / +1DCx45 (left eye) for the second pair.

[0091]

Table 2

[0092] Figure 5 shows a pair of exemplary myopia treatment glasses lenses (501 and 510) prescribed to reduce, suppress, or control the progression rate of myopic individuals according to the present disclosure.

[0093] The defocus of the aberration (i.e., the stop signal) is 1DC and is combined with the basic prescription of each eye. The axial direction of the prescribed defocus of the aberration in the first pair is 90 degrees, and the axial directions of the prescribed defocus of the aberration in the second pair are 135 degrees and 45 degrees for the wearer's right and left eyes, respectively. The first pair of myopia treatment glasses (501) is prescribed for use in the first stage, and the second pair of myopia treatment glasses (510) is prescribed for use in the second stage. The astigmatism prescription or toric prescription of the corresponding myopia treatment glasses in Figure 5 is represented in the cross-cylinder notation form using two principal meridians. The solid lines (502, 512) represent the weaker principal meridian, and the dotted lines (504, 514) represent the principal meridian with the stronger positive prescription.

[0094] In some embodiments, the two wearing periods described in the method of using the pair of myopia treatment glasses shown in Figure 5 can be every other day of the week, for example, on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. In some other embodiments, the two wearing periods can be on specific days of the week, while in some other embodiments, the two wearing periods can include specific days of the month.

[0095] When incident light of a visible wavelength (e.g., 589 nm) with a convergence of 0 D that is incident on a myopic eye (Table 1) is corrected by the exemplary pair of myopia treatment glasses 501 and 502 of FIG. 5, the resulting on-axis, temporally and spatially varying point spread functions at the retinal planes of pairs 1 and 2 are shown in FIG. 6.

[0096] The two columns of point spread functions 600 and 601 represent the on-axis, temporally and spatially varying optical signals at the wearer's retina when the lenses of the pair of myopia treatment glasses described in FIG. 5 are used according to the prescription of the treatment plan disclosed herein. As can be understood, the first pair of myopia treatment glasses 501 provides defocus blur to the vertical meridians (602 and 604) of the wearer's retina, and the second pair 502 provides defocus blur to the oblique meridians (612 and 614).

[0097] FIG. 7 shows temporally and spatially varying signals and is represented as a wide-angle through-focus spot diagram when the incident light is incident on a -3D right myopic eye model corrected by the lenses of the pair of myopia treatment glasses described in FIG. 5 over a prescription period of 2 under the prescription of the treatment plan. The rows represent the optical performance over various angles of view, namely -10 degrees, 0 degrees, and 10 degrees.

[0098] The through-focus spot diagram of FIG. 7 is represented by the temporal integration of the optical signal obtained by integrating the resulting response when the right lens of the front appliance of the four pairs of glasses is worn on a -3D myopic eye model. Temporal integration means combining the effects of the pair of myopia treatment glasses worn over a period of 2 prescription cycles in a single through-focus spot diagram display.

[0099] FIG. 8 shows the retinal signal represented as the on-axis through-focus coefficient of the optical transfer function for the principal meridian and the vertical meridian of the time-varying point spread function, which is corrected by the embodiments of the pair of spectacle lenses described herein when incident light having a visible wavelength (589 nm) and a convergence of 0D is incident on the eye model of the right eye with -3D myopia in Table 1. The through-focus optical transfer function of FIG. 8 represents the time integral of the optical signal obtained by integrating the resulting response when the right lens of the pair of spectacle lenses for myopia treatment is worn on the eye model of the right eye with -3D myopia. The time integral means combining the effects of the pair of spectacle lenses for myopia treatment worn over a period of 2 prescriptions in the display of the spot diagram of 1 through-focus.

[0100] FIG. 9 shows 16 limited samples of the astigmatic power or toric power contemplated in the disclosure of the present disclosure. The toric power in FIG. 9 is represented in the form of the notation of two crossed cylinders for the principal meridians, with the solid line representing the principal meridian with the weaker positive power and the dotted line representing the principal meridian with the stronger positive power. The 16 samples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

[0101] FIG. 10 shows a set of four exemplary auxiliary spectacle front appliances (1000, 1010, 1020, 1030) used juxtaposed to the lenses of a pair of standard single-focus spectacles to reduce, suppress, or control the progression rate of a myopic individual, as disclosed herein.

[0102] The auxiliary spectacle front appliances of FIG. 10 are configured with an astigmatism that varies in magnitude from +1DC to +2.5DC and the direction of the axis of the cylinder varies in each eye. The astigmatic power or toric power of the pair of spectacle front appliances in FIG. 10 is represented in the form of the notation of crossed cylinders using two principal meridians, with the solid lines (1002, 1012, 1022, 1032) representing the principal meridian with the weaker positive power and the dotted lines (1004, 1014, 1024, 1034) representing the principal meridian with the stronger positive power of the right lens of the exemplary four pairs of auxiliary spectacle front appliances.

[0103] For example, in the right lens of the spectacle front appliance, the directions of the cylindrical axes of the first, second, third, and fourth pairs of spectacle front appliances are 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees respectively. In the left lens of the spectacle front appliance, the axes of the cylindrical powers of the first, second, third, and fourth pairs of spectacle front appliances are 180 degrees, 150 degrees, 120 degrees, and 90 degrees respectively. The four pairs of auxiliary spectacle front appliances (1000, 1010, 1020, 1030) are prescribed to be used over separate periods. For example, each of the paired auxiliary spectacle front appliances is replaced daily, every 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 7 days, 10 days, 14 days, or 21 days.

[0104] FIG. 11 shows in detail a diagram of the power distribution of a set of four pairs of exemplary auxiliary spectacle front appliances (1000, 1010, 1020, 1030) used juxtaposed to the lenses of a paired standard spectacle for reducing, suppressing, or controlling the progression rate of a myopic individual, as disclosed herein. The right-eye powers (1000, 1010, 1020, 1030) of the four pairs of spectacle front appliances shown in FIG. 10 are such that for the first pair, it is plano / +1.5DC x 180 (right, 1101); for the second pair, it is plano / +1DC x 120 (right eye, 1103); for the third pair, it is plano / +2.5DC x 150 (right eye, 1105); and for the fourth pair, it is plano / +2DC x 90 (right eye, 1107). The left-eye powers (1000, 1010, 1020, 1030) of the four pairs of exemplary spectacle front appliances shown in FIG. 10 are such that for the first pair, it is plano / +1.5DC x 180 (left, 1102); for the second pair, it is plano / +1DC x 60 (right eye, 1104); for the third pair, it is plano / +2.5DC x 30 (right eye, 1106); and for the fourth pair, it is plano / +2DC x 90 (right eye, 1108).

[0105] When a set of four pairs of spectacle front appliances (1000, 1010, 1020, 1030) as described in FIG. 10 is used in juxtaposition with a standard single - focus spectacle lens for correcting myopia, regardless of the presence or absence of astigmatism, the resulting temporally and spatially varying optical signal obtained by integrating the response over a period of four prescriptions is shown in FIG. 12. The on - axis retinal point - image distribution functions represented for the right eye (1201, 1203, 1205, 1207) and the left eye (1202, 1204, 1206, 1208) are for visible wavelength (589 nm) and for incident light with a convergence of 0 D, and are calculated when the incident light is corrected by the four pairs of auxiliary spectacle front appliances (1000, 1010, 1020, 1030) as described in FIG. 10 on a - 3 D myopia eye model under the prescription of a treatment plan.

[0106] FIG. 13 shows a temporally and spatially varying signal and is represented as a wide - angle through - focus spot diagram when the incident light is incident on a 3 D myopia right - eye eye model corrected by the four pairs of spectacle front appliances as described in FIG. 10 over a period of four prescriptions under the prescription of a treatment plan. The rows represent the optical performance over various field angles, i.e., - 10 degrees, 0 degrees, and 10 degrees.

[0107] The through - focus spot diagram of FIG. 13 is represented by the temporal integration of the optical signal obtained by integrating the resulting response when the right lens of the four pairs of spectacle front appliances is mounted on a - 3 D myopia eye model. The temporal integration means, in the representation of one through - focus spot diagram, combining the effects of the spectacle lenses for myopia treatment worn in pairs over a period of four prescriptions.

[0108] FIG. 14 shows a pair of standard spectacle lenses for myopia correction, where an auxiliary optical sheet or optical film selected from the kits or sets disclosed herein is applied substantially over the entire surface area of the left spectacle lens to convert the pair of standard single - focus spectacle lenses into a pair of spectacle lenses for myopia treatment, and a method of dispensing the auxiliary optical sheet or optical film is described herein.

[0109] The left part of FIG. 14 shows a pair of standard single - focus spectacle lenses 1400 having a right lens (1401) and a left lens (1402) that can be used to correct myopic refractive anomalies regardless of the presence or absence of astigmatism.

[0110] The right - hand portion of FIG. 14 shows an exemplary embodiment including an optical film or optical sheet designed to substantially cover the left lens 1402 indicated by the dotted boundary. The optical film or optical sheet is configured in a substantially plano (no power) state across the optical film or optical sheet, and one elliptical optical element 1405 is configured such that the optical element enters the upper region of the left lens of the spectacle lens.

[0111] The optical film or optical sheet can be peeled off using the 1404 portion of the film that can be placed on the spectacle.

[0112] In this embodiment, the major axis and minor axis of the elliptical optical element are approximately 4 mm and 3 mm, respectively. The elliptical optical element is configured with an astigmatism power or toric power distribution indicated by two principal meridians, dotted line 1406, and solid line 1407. In some embodiments, the temporary - assistance optical film or optical sheet that constitutes one or more of the elliptical optical elements of the present disclosure includes an adhesive backing for adhering the optical sheet or optical film to a standard single - focus spectacle lens. The temporary adhesive backing can be made peelable, self - adhesive, or any other suitable adhesive means for adhering the temporary - assistance optical film or optical sheet to a normal single - focus spectacle lens. In some other embodiments, the temporary - assistance optical film or sheet can be composed of two or more or three or more optical elements, each having an astigmatism power or toric power distribution of the present disclosure.

[0113] Figure 15 shows a ready-made temporary auxiliary optical sheet or an array of optical films enclosed in a kit or set disclosed herein, which is suitable for use over the entire surface area of the standard single-focus glasses of the pair shown in Figure 14 over the course of the prescription period (1 - 6) described herein.

[0114] In the example of Figure 15, the right and left portions of the set or kit containing the optical film or optical sheet are composed of one elliptical optical element characterized by the astigmatism or toric power distribution disclosed herein. In this embodiment, the change in the arrangement or position of the optical elements inside the optical film or optical sheet, and the application to the lens of the standard single-focus glasses used for myopia correction, provide the eye with temporary and spatially varying optical stop signals or stimuli.

[0115] In the embodiment of Figure 15, the dimensions of the individual elliptical optical elements inside the set or kit of the optical sheet vary from 3 mm to 6 mm in the major axis dimension and from 2 mm to 4 mm in the minor axis dimension.

[0116] In this embodiment, the degree distribution of spherical aberration inside each of the optical elements is described by two principal meridians. The thick line represents the weaker positive meridian power, and the dotted line represents the stronger positive meridian power.

[0117] In other embodiments, the notations of positive and negative meridian powers may be different. In the example of Figure 15, the elliptical optical elements configured inside the optical film adhered to the lens of the standard single-focus glasses that substantially overlap the entire lens are configured at various positions.

[0118] For example, in the first cycle of Figure 15, the left and right optical films each have individual optical elements configured on the lower and upper sides respectively. In the second, third, and fourth cycles, the left and right optical films each have optical elements configured on the ear side and nose side respectively.

[0119] In the fifth cycle, the left and right optical films each have optical elements configured on the lower and ear side and the upper and nose side, respectively. In the sixth cycle, the right optical film and the lens optical film have optical elements configured to overlap the center of the optical center of the lens of a single-focus eyeglass.

[0120] Furthermore, in the first two cycles of FIG. 15, the axis or orientation of the astigmatism indicated by the stronger principal meridian (dotted line) is configured to be in the horizontal direction. In the third and sixth cycles of FIG. 15, the axis or direction of the astigmatism represented by the stronger principal meridian (dotted line) is configured to be in the vertical direction.

[0121] In the fourth and fifth cycles of FIG. 15, the coordinate axis or azimuth of the astigmatism indicated by the strength of the principal meridian (dotted line) is configured to be in the diagonal direction. In some other examples, the dimensions of the individual elliptical optical elements within a set or kit of optical sheets may vary between 3 mm and 8 mm in the major axis and between 1 mm and 3 mm in the minor axis dimension.

[0122] FIG. 16 shows another array of off-the-shelf temporary auxiliary optical sheets or films enclosed in a kit or set suitable for use over substantially the entire surface area of a standard single-focus eyeglass that is a counterpart to that described in FIG. 14.

[0123] The optical film or optical sheet of FIG. 16 is configured to be used over six different wearing periods described herein.

[0124] In the embodiment of FIG. 16, it includes a set or kit of temporary auxiliary optical films or optical sheets designed to substantially cover the left and right lenses of a standard single-focus spectacle that is a pair used for myopia correction in FIG. 14. The optical film or optical sheet is substantially configured without power across the optical film or optical sheet. Further, the optical film or optical sheet configured with two or more elliptical optical elements inside the optical film or optical sheet can be placed on and peeled off from the lens of a suitable single-focus spectacle on the right or left. In some embodiments, the six wearing periods described in FIGS. 15 and 16 can be every day of the week, for example, from Monday to Saturday, or from Sunday to Friday. In another embodiment, the six wearing periods can be every other day of the week. In another embodiment, the six wearing periods can include specific days of the month, for example, the 1st, 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, and 25th.

[0125] FIG. 17 shows another standard pair of single-focus spectacles used for myopia correction. Here, in order to convert a standard pair of single-focus spectacles into a pair of spectacles for myopia treatment, a small temporary auxiliary optical element is applied only to a local area of the lens of the spectacles, and a method of distributing the small temporary auxiliary optical element is described herein. In this example, the left part of FIG. 17 shows a pair of standard spectacle lenses 1700 having a right lens 1701 and a left lens 1702 that can be used to correct myopic refractive anomalies regardless of the presence or absence of spherical aberration. The optical centers of the left and right lenses are indicated by 1703.

[0126] The target area on the lens 1704 of the glasses may be identified by marking the inner and outer boundaries drawn with dotted lines. Further, several positions can be identified as areas where optical elements should be placed. For example, as shown by a cross that can be engraved inside the substrate of a single - focus glasses lens, such as 1705, to make it easier to identify the marking position. The right part of FIG. 17 is marked by the cross 1705 and shows an exemplary embodiment including a small optical element disposed on a selected area of the right lens illustrated using a solid boundary. The small optical element is configured such that the optical element enters the lower region of the right single - focus glasses lens. The small optical element can be peeled off using the 1707 part, whereby the small optical element can be placed on the single - focus glasses.

[0127] FIG. 18 shows an array of optical sheets or films containing off - the - shelf small temporary auxiliary optical elements enclosed in multiple subsets within a kit or set configured for four different periods. The small optical elements are suitable for use only over the regional area on the standard pair of glasses described in FIG. 17. For example, set A in FIG. 18 has elliptical optical elements with a major - axis dimension of 4 mm and a minor - axis dimension of 3 mm each.

[0128] In this example of FIG. 18, set C has circular optical elements with a diameter of 3 mm. In this example, set B in FIG. 18 has elliptical optical elements with a major - axis dimension of 5 mm and a minor - axis dimension of 3 mm each, and set D in FIG. 18 has elliptical optical elements with a major - axis dimension of 7 mm and a minor - axis dimension of 3 mm each.

[0129] In this example of FIG. 18, a specific or defined position on the glasses lens can be defined using laser engraving made on the glasses lens in the form of a dot, line, or cross - shaped pattern. Further, the method of prescribing a set or kit includes having the wearer adhere or bond to the small optical element within the specified area of the glasses lens over the specified period.

[0130] FIG. 19 illustrates the use of the small optical elements described in Sets A - D of FIG. 18, each of which includes an array of off-the-shelf non-permanent auxiliary small optical elements of similar design. In this example, during a first period, the small optical elements of Sets A and B are configured on selected regions of the left and right spectacle lenses used for myopia correction regardless of the presence or absence of astigmatism, and in this example, symmetry along the vertical axis is maintained.

[0131] In a second period, the small optical elements are depicted from Set B only and are configured on selected regions of the left and right spectacle lenses, with symmetry along the vertical axis maintained. In a third period, all of the small optical elements are depicted from Set B of FIG. 18 only and are configured on selected regions of the left and right spectacle lenses, with symmetry along the vertical axis maintained. In a fourth defined period, all of the small optical elements are depicted from Sets B and D of FIG. 18 and are configured on selected regions of the left and right spectacle lenses, and symmetry along the vertical axis is not maintained.

[0132] In a fifth period, all three small optical elements are depicted from Set A of FIG. 18 only and are configured on selected regions of the left and right spectacle lenses, maintaining symmetry along the vertical axis; the elements are configured such that the principal meridians are arranged in the horizontal / vertical dimension.

[0133] In a sixth period, all three small optical elements are depicted from Set A of FIG. 18 only and are configured on selected regions of the left and right spectacle lenses, maintaining symmetry along the vertical axis; the elements are configured such that the principal meridians are arranged in the diagonal dimension.

[0134] FIG. 20 shows a standard single-vision pre-prepared unused spectacle that is typically used for myopia correction regardless of the presence or absence of astigmatism and is cut into an elliptical lens 2000 to fit a spectacle frame having a small diameter of 20 mm and a large diameter of 25 mm. The spectacle lens 2000 is composed of a temporary auxiliary small optical element 2005 that includes a distribution of astigmatic or toric powers, and this element is drawn from the kit or Set C disclosed in FIG. 18.

[0135] In this example, a standard spectacle lens is configured to have an area of interest defined around an optical center 2001 having an inner diameter of about 8 mm represented by the dotted line 2003 and an outer diameter of about 15 mm represented by the solid line 2002, and forms an area of interest 2004 identified for positioning a small temporary auxiliary optical element. The prepared standard single - focus unused spectacle of FIG. 20 has a basic power of - 3D used to correct myopia of - 3D of the eye.

[0136] The non - transitional auxiliary small optical element 2005 is located about 5 mm away from the geometric center (2001) of the spectacle lens 2000. The small temporary auxiliary optical element 2005 has a power of - 2.5D along the nasal - temporal direction of the standard spectacle lens and is composed of an astigmatic power of + 1.5DC indicated by two principal meridian powers of about - 1D along the up - down direction of the standard spectacle lens. The upper, temporal, lower, and nasal sides on the standard spectacle lens are indicated by the letters S, T, I, and N respectively.

[0137] FIG. 21 shows a wide - field ray - tracing schematic of an eye with - 3D myopia corrected in the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 20. When the spectacle lens is used in relation to the eye model of Table 1, a ray - tracing scheme encompassing three viewing angles. (a) A light beam passing through the temporal part of the lens (- 15.0); (b) the central part of the lens (0.0); and (c) the nasal part of the lens (15.0).

[0138] As can be seen from FIG. 21, the only light beam passing through the temporal part of the lens encounters the non - transitional auxiliary small optical element 2005 that provides the desired optical stop signal at the corresponding retinal position. The light beams passing through the central and nasal parts of the spectacle lens do not impose an optical stop signal at the desired retinal position.

[0139] FIG. 22 shows the point - image distribution function over a wide field of view when the incident light is incident on a - 3D myopic eye model corrected in the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 20.

[0140] As can be seen from FIG. 22, the light beam passing through the opaque auxiliary small optical element 2005 generates a point image distribution function 2201 that is affected by a further astigmatic or toric power distribution within the small element that generates a desirable aiming or optical stop signal, as compared to 2203 formed when the light beam passes through the spectacle lens portion of the small optical element. The central light beam passing through the reference spectacle lens generates an ideal point image distribution function 2202.

[0141] FIG. 23 shows a spatially varying signal, depicted as a wide-angle through-focus spot diagram. When incident light at visible wavelengths is incident on a -3D myopic eye model corrected in one exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 20, the optical performance of the spectacle lens associated with the eye model of Table 1 is represented over various field angles.

[0142] The columns represent through-focus spot diagrams formed when the light beam passes through three distinct regions of the spectacle: (a) the first column represents the through-focus spot diagram when the incident light beam passes through a temporary auxiliary small optical element temporally disposed on the spectacle lens; (b) the second column represents data obtained when the incident light beam passes through the central portion of the spectacle lens without the auxiliary small optical element; and (c) the third column showcases data obtained when the incident light beam passes through the nasal portion of the spectacle lens without the auxiliary optical element.

[0143] As can be seen from FIG. 23, the light beam passing through the temporary auxiliary small optical element generates a cone of Sturm that includes an elliptical tangential 2301 and sagittal 2302 blur pattern substantially in front of the local retina. However, no distinct cone of Sturm is observed either in front of or around the retina when the incident light passes through either the central portion or the nasal portion of the spectacle lens, i.e., the region substantially without the small optical element.

[0144] In this example, the length, position, and orientation of the conical body of the sturm contribute to a directional cue or an optical stop signal in order to reduce the progression rate of myopia in the wearer. In some embodiments, the astigmatism of the small optical element and the position on the lens of the single-focus glasses are optimized to hold the entire conical body of the sturm in front of the peripheral retina, while in other embodiments, the optimization of the characteristics of the small optical element can position the conical body of the sturm around the retina using the tangential and sagittal planes across the retina.

[0145] A predetermined method of changing the position of the small optical element on the lens of the single-focus glasses provides temporal and spatial variations to the directional cue or stop signal, and as a result, the effectiveness of the myopia treatment can be maintained constant over time.

[0146] In the example of FIG. 24, the modeled effects are described according to a predetermined method of using a temporary auxiliary small optical element drawn from one of the sets or kits A-D described in FIG. 18 together with the lens of the standard single-focus reference glasses described in FIG. 17. For example, the through-focus spot diagrams and point spread functions on the retina are analyzed for three different configurations. The three configurations show the situation where the method of prescribing a temporary auxiliary small optical element having the astigmatism or toric power distribution described in FIG. 18 was used on the lens of the glasses at a predetermined spatial position about 5 mm from the optical center, but was used in the following prescribed manner, and the prescribed method includes the use of the small optical element in three different axes / orientations, namely (a) 90 degrees, (b) 225 degrees, and (c) 315 degrees. FIG. 24 illustrates the spatial and temporally varying signals shown when the small optical element is used in a predetermined manner.

[0147] Figure 25 shows a standard single-vision pre-prescribed unused spectacle for daily use for the correction of myopia, regardless of the presence or absence of astigmatism, cut from a circular lens 30 mm in diameter formed using an auxiliary optical element or film drawn from the kits or sets disclosed herein. The spectacle lens 2500 is configured using a small temporary auxiliary optical element 2505 that includes a distribution of astigmatic or toric powers, and this element is drawn from the kit or set B disclosed in Figure 18.

[0148] In this example, the standard spectacle lens has an area of interest defined around an optical center 2501 having an inner diameter of approximately 7 mm represented by the dotted line 2503 and an outer diameter of approximately 25 mm represented by the solid line 2002, and is configured to form an area of interest 2504 identified for positioning the non-superficial auxiliary small optical element.

[0149] The standard single-focus pre-prescribed unused spectacle of Figure 25 has a base power of -3D for use in correcting -3D myopia of the eye. The non-transient auxiliary small optical element 2505 is positioned approximately 12 mm away from the optical center of the spectacle lens 2500.

[0150] The non-superficial auxiliary small optical element 2505 is configured with a coma power of +2.5D, indicated by two principal power meridians, approximately -2.5D along the oblique angle, and approximately 0D power perpendicular to the oblique principal meridian of the standard spectacle lens. The upper, temple, lower, and nasal sides on the standard spectacle lens are indicated by the letters S, T, I, and N, respectively.

[0151] Figure 26 shows a wide-field ray-tracing schematic of a -3D myopic eye corrected in the exemplary embodiment described in Figure 25. A ray-tracing schematic including three field angles when the spectacle lens is used in relation to the eye model of Table 1. (a) Represents a light beam passing through the temple (-20.0) of the spectacle lens, (b) the central part (0.0) of the lens, and (c) the nose (20.0) of the spectacle lens.

[0152] As can be seen from FIG. 26, the only light beam passing through the nose portion of the lens of the glasses encounters a small optical element 2505 for temporary assistance that provides a desired optical stop signal at the corresponding retinal position. The light beams passing through the central and nose portions of the lens of the glasses do not impose an optical stop signal on the desired retinal position. FIG. 27 shows the point spread function over a wide field of view when incident light is incident on a -3D myopic eye model corrected in the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 25.

[0153] As can be seen from FIG. 27, the light beam passing through the opaque auxiliary small optical element 2505 generates a point spread function 2703 that is affected by an additional astigmatism or toric power distribution within the small element that generates a desired optical stop signal as compared to 2701 formed when the light beam passes through the lens portion of the glasses of the small optical element. The central light beam passing through the reference glasses lens generates an ideal point spread function 2702.

[0154] FIG. 28 shows a spatially varying signal depicted as a wide-angle through-focus spot diagram. When incident light of visible wavelength is incident on a -3D myopic eye model corrected in one exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 25, the optical performance of the glasses lens associated with the eye model of Table 1 is represented over various field angles.

[0155] In this example, the rows represent the through-focus spot diagrams formed when the light beam passes through three separate regions of the glasses, (a) the first row showcase data obtained when the incident light beam passes through the temporal portion of the glasses lens without the auxiliary optical element, (b) the data obtained when the incident light beam passes through the central portion of the glasses lens without the auxiliary small optical element, and (c) the through-focus spot diagram when the incident light beam passes through a small optical element for temporary assistance located on the nasal side of the glasses lens.

[0156] As can be seen from FIG. 28, the light beam passing through the small optical element for temporary assistance generates a cone of a starburst that includes elliptical sagittal 2801 and tangential 2802 blur patterns substantially in front of the local peripheral retina. However, when the incident light passes through either the central portion or the temporal portion of the spectacle lens, i.e., the region that does not substantially contain the small optical element, no distinct cone of the starburst is observed either in front of or around the retina.

[0157] In this example, the length, position, and orientation of the cone of the starburst formed on the peripheral retina are hypotheses that contribute to a directional cue or an optical stop signal to reduce the progression rate of myopia. In some embodiments, the astigmatism or toric power of the small optical element and its position on the single - focus spectacle lens are optimized to hold the entire cone of the starburst in front of the peripheral retina, and in other embodiments, the optimization of the characteristics of the small optical element can position the cone of the starburst around the retina having a sagittal plane on the retina. A predetermined method of changing the position of the small optical element on the single - focus spectacle lens provides temporary and spatial variations to the directional cue or stop signal, and as a result, the effectiveness of the myopia treatment can be maintained constant over time.

[0158] FIG. 29 is a view showing a standard single - focus unused spectacle cut out of an elliptical lens with a minor axis diameter of 25 mm and a major axis diameter of 30 mm, which is composed of an auxiliary optical element or an auxiliary film depicted from the kit or set disclosed herein. The spectacle lens 2900 is composed of a small optical element 2905 for temporary assistance that includes an astigmatic power or toric power distribution, and the element is drawn from the kit or set of B disclosed in FIG. 18.

[0159] In this example, the lens of the standard glasses is configured to have an area of interest defined around the optical center 2901 having an inner diameter of about 7 mm represented by the dotted line 2503 and an outer diameter of about 20 mm represented by the solid line 2902, and forms an area of interest 2904 identified for positioning a small optical element for temporary assistance. The standard single-focus unused glasses of FIG. 29 have a basic power of -3D used to correct myopia of -3D of the eye. The non-transient auxiliary small optical element 2905 is located about 10 mm away from the optical center 2901 of the lens (2900) of the glasses. The non-superficial auxiliary small optical element 2905 is composed of an astigmatic power of -2.5DC, indicated by about -2.5D along two principal power meridians, at an oblique angle, and about -5D power perpendicular to the oblique principal meridian of the lens of the standard glasses. The upper, temple, lower, and nasal sides on the lens of the standard glasses are indicated by the letters S, T, I, and N, respectively.

[0160] FIG. 30 shows a wide-field ray tracing schematic of a -3D myopic eye corrected in the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 29, and the ray tracing schema includes three viewing angles for the glasses wearer, namely, the temple angular field of view (-20.0), the central angular field of view (0.0), and the nasal angular field of view (20.0).

[0161] FIG. 30 shows a wide-field ray tracing schematic of a -3D myopic eye corrected in the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 29. When the lens of the glasses is used in relation to the eye model of Table 1, a ray tracing schematic including three viewing angles. (a) A ray bundle passing through the temple part (-20.0), (b) the central part (0.0), and (c) the nasal part (20.0) of the lens of the glasses is represented. As can be seen from FIG. 30, the only ray bundle passing through the nasal part of the lens of the glasses encounters the small optical element 2905 for temporary assistance that provides the desired optical stop signal at the corresponding retinal position. The ray bundles passing through the central and nasal parts of the lens of the glasses do not impose an optical stop signal at the desired retinal position.

[0162] FIG. 31 shows the point spread function over a wide field of view when incident light is incident on a -3D myopic eye model corrected in the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 29. As can be seen from FIG. 29, the light beam passing through the opaque auxiliary small optical element 2905 generates a point spread function 3103 affected by additional astigmatism or toric power distribution within the small element that generates a desirable optical stop signal as compared to 3101 formed when the light beam passes through the spectacle lens portion of the small optical element. The central light beam passing through the reference spectacle lens generates an ideal point spread function 3102.

[0163] FIG. 32 shows a spatially varying signal depicted as a wide-angle through-focus spot diagram. When incident light at visible wavelengths is incident on a -3D myopic eye model corrected in one exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 29, the optical performance of the spectacle lens associated with the eye model of Table 1 is represented over various field angles.

[0164] In this example, the rows represent through-focus spot diagrams formed when the light beam passes through three separate regions of the spectacle, (a) the first row showcase data obtained when the incident light beam passes through the temporal portion of the spectacle lens without the auxiliary optical element, (b) the data obtained when the incident light beam passes through the central portion of the spectacle lens without the auxiliary small optical element, and (c) the through-focus spot diagram when the incident light beam passes through a temporary auxiliary small optical element located on the nasal side of the spectacle lens.

[0165] As can be seen from FIG. 32, the light beam passing through the temporary auxiliary small optical element generates a cone of Sturm that includes an elliptical sagittal 3203 and a tangential blur pattern 3205 substantially behind the local retina. However, when the incident light passes through either the central or temporal portion of the spectacle lens, i.e., regions substantially free of the small optical element, no distinct cone of Sturm is observed either in front of or around the retina.

[0166] In this example, the hypothesis is that the length, position, and orientation of the cones of the striae formed on the peripheral retina contribute to a directional cue or an optical stop signal to reduce the progression rate of myopia. The astigmatism or toric power of the small optical element and the position on the lens of the single - focus glasses are optimized to hold the entire cone of the striae behind the peripheral retina, and in other embodiments, the optimization of the small optical element can position the cone of the striae around the retina having a tangent plane on the retina.

[0167] A predetermined method of changing the position of the small optical element on the lens of the single - focus glasses provides temporal and spatial variations to the directional cue or stop signal, and as a result, the effectiveness of the myopia treatment can be maintained constant over time.

[0168] In certain other embodiments, the toric portion of the lens of the glasses kit or set of glasses lenses may be configured to take into account the inherent astigmatism of the eye wearing the lens to achieve a satisfactory balance between the desired visual performance and the blur of the desired aberration, to provide a stimulus to reduce or slow down the progression rate.

[0169] In some embodiments, the toric portion of the glasses lens kit or set of glasses lens pairs may be disposed, formed, or arranged on the front surface, rear surface, or a combination thereof. In some other embodiments, the annular portion of the glasses lens of the kit or set of glasses lenses is dedicated to generating a particular characteristic of the stop signal, for example, a residual aberration having either a sagittal or tangential focal line substantially in front of the retina.

[0170] In certain other embodiments, a change or substantial change to an optical signal received by an on-axis and / or off-axis region on the retina, which is constituted by the astigmatic conical or interval of the sturm on the surface of the retina, and which means a part of the conical or interval of the sturm, is that the optical stop signal that enters in front of the retina (i.e., generates meridional myopic defocus), while the remainder of the conical or interval of the sturm generates a focused or hyperopic signal. The proportion of the conical or interval of the sturm that provides a positive meridional spherical aberration focus may be about 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[0171] In certain other embodiments, the toric portion of the lens of a kit or set of glasses is disposed, formed, or arranged on one of the two surfaces of the lens of the glasses, and the other surface may have other features for further reducing eye growth.

[0172] For example, additional features such as defocus, coma aberration, or spherical aberration are used. In certain embodiments, the shapes of the front and rear surfaces of the lens of a kit or set of glasses may be described by one or more of a sphere, non-sphere, extended odd polynomial, extended even polynomial, conical section, bi-conical section, toroidal surface, or Zernike polynomial.

[0173] In some other embodiments, the radial and / or azimuthal output distribution across the optical center of the lens may be described by a suitable Zernike polynomial, Bessel function, Jacobi polynomial, Taylor polynomial, Fourier expansion, or a combination thereof.

[0174] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the stop signal may be configured using only spherical aberration, astigmatism, or toric power profile. However, in other embodiments, higher-order aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma aberration, and trefoil can be combined with the configured astigmatism or toric blur.

[0175] In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the astigmatic power or toric power distribution is Embodiment of the toric power profile = Sphere+(Cylinder / 2)*(radial direction)*(azimuth angle) It can be configured using the formula of the power distribution function of. In some embodiments, the radial distribution function is the radial power distribution = Cρ 2 can take the form of, where C is the expansion rate and Rho(ρ) is the normalized radial coordinate ρ 0 / ρ max is. Rho(ρ 0 ) is the radial coordinate at a given point on the lens, and ρ max is the maximum radial coordinate or radius of the optical band. In some embodiments, the azimuth power distribution function can take the form of the azimuth power distribution = cosmθ, and m can be any integer from 1 to 6 in some embodiments, and theta(θ) is the azimuth angle.

[0176] In other exemplary embodiments, in order to reduce, suppress, or control the progression rate of myopia in an individual, the induced astigmatism or toric profile configured in the front device of the auxiliary glasses is at least +0.5DC, at least +0.75DC, at least +1DC, at least +1.25DC, at least +1.5DC, at least +1.75DC, or at least +2DC, so as to be used juxtaposed to a pair of standard glasses lenses.

[0177] In some other exemplary embodiments, in order to reduce, suppress, or control the progression rate of myopic individuals, the induced astigmatism or toric profile configured in the front device of the auxiliary glasses is between +0.5DC and +2.5DC, +0.75DC and +1.75DC, +1DC and +3DC, or +1.25DC and +2.5DC, so as to be used juxtaposed to a pair of standard glasses lenses.

[0178] In certain other embodiments, in order to reduce, suppress, or control the progression rate of myopia in an individual, the induced astigmatism or toric profile configured in the front appliance of the auxiliary glasses may be further supplemented with a positive spherical power of at least +0.5D, at least +0.75D, at least +1D, at least +1.25D, or at least +1.5D so as to be used juxtaposed to a standard pair of spectacle lenses. In certain other embodiments, the auxiliary spherical power may be at least -0.5D, at least -0.75D, at least -1D, at least -1.25D, or at least -1.5D. The auxiliary spherical power in this context may be independent of the refractive correction configured in the lenses of the standard glasses.

[0179] In certain examples, the treatment plan wearing schedule may include instructions to change the auxiliary pair of the front appliance of the glasses every at least 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 60 hours, or 72 hours.

[0180] As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the present disclosure can be used in combination with any device / method that has the potential to affect the progression of myopia. These can include, but are not limited to, contact lenses of various designs, color filters, pharmaceuticals, behavioral changes, and environmental conditions.

[0181] Other exemplary embodiments of the spectacle lenses are not mostly described in the examples of Set A below.

[0182] [Example A: Set of spectacle kits] A kit of eyeglass equipment for a myopic individual and a method of using the kit, the kit comprising two or more pairs of spectacles, each of the pair of spectacles including a lens for a left eye of the myopic individual and a lens for a right eye of the myopic individual, each lens configured to at least partially provide meridional correction to each eye with a substantial area having an astigmatism or toric profile in addition to a base power and at least partially introduce meridional astigmatism to one or more areas of the retina of the myopic eye, the method of using the kit including instructions for the myopic individual having a wearing treatment plan detailing the use of the pair of spectacles.

[0183] In the kit of eyeglasses according to one or more of the embodiments A of the present disclosure, the surface area of ​​the substantial area having the cylindrical or toric power profile is 100 mm 2 More than 250mm 2 Above 450mm 2 Above 600mm 2 or more, or 750mm 2 That's all.

[0184] In the eyeglass device kit according to one or more of the embodiments A of the present disclosure, the magnitude of the astigmatism or toric power profile is +0.5DC or more, +0.75DC or more, +1DC or more, +1.25DC or more, +1.5DC or more, or +1.75DC or more.

[0185] In the kit of eyewear devices according to one or more of the embodiments A of the present disclosure, the profile of the astigmatism or toric power is: Sphere+(Cylinder / 2)*(Azimuth component) It is expressed by a frequency distribution function shown by the formula: Sphere is the spherical distance power prescribed to correct myopic eyes. Cylinder is the amount of astigmatism or toricity being introduced, The azimuth angle component of the frequency distribution function is C a *cos(mθ), C a is the azimuth coefficient, m is an integer between 1 and 6, and θ is the azimuth angle of a given point in the optical band.

[0186] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured on the front surface, rear surface, or both surfaces of the spectacle lenses.

[0187] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of spectacles include three or more, four or more, five or more, six or more, or seven or more pairs of spectacles.

[0188] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the size of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the paired spectacles inside the kit.

[0189] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the size of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the paired spectacles inside the kit and is different by +0.5 DC or more.

[0190] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the axis of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the paired spectacles inside the kit.

[0191] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the axes of the profiles of the astigmatic power or toric power in two or more pairs of spectacles are substantially different from each other and are separated by 20 degrees or more.

[0192] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the size and / or axis of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the right lens and the left lens of the paired spectacles inside the kit.

[0193] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the lenses of two or more pairs of spectacles are configured to provide a stop signal suitable for myopic individuals.

[0194] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, a myopic individual may be myopic with astigmatism or myopic without astigmatism.

[0195] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, one or more regions of the retina of a myopic eye include a region under the fovea of the retina, a parafoveal region of the retina, a foveal region of the retina, a submacular region of the retina, a macular region of the retina, or a perimacular region of the retina.

[0196] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, one or more regions of the retina of a myopic eye include a visual field of 5 degrees or more, a visual field of 15 degrees or more, or a visual field of 30 degrees or more.

[0197] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of spectacles are configured to introduce meridional aberrations that vary temporally and spatially.

[0198] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, by introducing meridional aberrations that vary temporally and spatially, a stop signal is provided to the eyes of a myopic individual.

[0199] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the axes of the astigmatism power or toric power profiles in two or more pairs of spectacles are substantially different from each other and are separated by 20 degrees or more.

[0200] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of spectacles are prescribed using a suitable wearing schedule.

[0201] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more pairs of spectacles is separated by 2 hours or more, 4 hours or more, 6 hours or more, 8 hours or more, or 12 hours or more.

[0202] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more pairs of spectacles is separated by 1 day or more, 2 days or more, 3 days or more, 4 days or more, 5 days or more, 6 days or more, or 1 week or more.

[0203] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more pairs of spectacles is separated by 1 week or more, 2 weeks or more, 3 weeks or more, or 1 month or more.

[0204] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more pairs of spectacles is identified by evaluating the progression rate and / or risk factors associated with myopic individuals.

[0205] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, the size of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured by evaluating the progression rate and / or risk factors associated with myopic individuals.

[0206] [Example B: Set of Front Instruments of Spectacles] A kit of spectacle devices for myopic individuals and a method of using the kit, the kit comprising front instruments of two or more pairs of spectacles, each of the front instruments of the pair of spectacles including a lens for the left eye of a myopic individual and a lens for the right eye of a myopic individual, each lens being configured with a substantial region having a profile of astigmatic power or toric power, the front instrument of the spectacles being used juxtaposed to a pair of standard single-focus spectacles, providing at least partially meridional correction to each eye and introducing at least partially meridional coma aberration into one or more regions of the retina of the myopic eye, the method of using the kit including instructions for a myopic individual having a wearing treatment plan detailing the use of the pair of spectacles.

[0207] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the surface area of the substantial region having a profile of astigmatic power or toric power is 100 mm2 250 mm or more 2 450 mm or more 2 600 mm or more 2 or 750 mm or more 2 or more

[0208] In the kit of the spectacle device described in one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the size of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is +0.5 DC or more, +0.75 DC or more, +1 DC or more, +1.25 DC or more, +1.5 DC or more, or +1.75 DC or more.

[0209] In the kit of the spectacle device described in one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is Sphere+(Cylinder / 2)*(azimuth component) represented by using the power distribution function shown by the formula of, Sphere is the spherical distance power prescribed to correct a myopic eye, Cylinder is the introduced astigmatic or toric size, and the azimuth component of the power distribution function is C a shown as C *cos(mθ), C a is the azimuth coefficient, m is an integer from 1 to 6, and θ is the azimuth of a predetermined point in the optical band.

[0210] In the kit of the spectacle device described in one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured on the front surface, the back surface, or both surfaces of the front spectacle device.

[0211] In the kit of the spectacle device described in one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the front spectacle device may be screwed, hooked, or adhered using a magnetic mechanism to a standard single-focus spectacle frame.

[0212] In the kit of the spectacle device described in one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of front spectacle devices include three or more, four or more, five or more, six or more, or seven or more pairs of spectacles.

[0213] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the size of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the front spectacle devices of the pair within the kit.

[0214] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the size of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the front spectacle devices of the pair within the kit, and is different by +0.5 DC or more.

[0215] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the axis of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the front spectacle devices of the pair within the kit.

[0216] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the axes of the profiles of the astigmatic power or toric power in two or more pairs of front spectacle devices are substantially different from each other and are separated by 20 degrees or more.

[0217] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the size and / or axis of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the right lens and the left lens of the front spectacle devices of the pair within the kit.

[0218] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of front spectacle devices are configured to provide a stop signal suitable for myopic individuals.

[0219] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, a myopic individual may have myopia with astigmatism or myopia without astigmatism.

[0220] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of front spectacle devices are configured to introduce a meridional aberration of a temporarily and spatially varying nature.

[0221] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, a stop signal is provided to the eyes of myopic individuals by introducing astigmatic aberration of meridians that change temporally and spatially.

[0222] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the axes of the profiles of the astigmatism or toric power in two or more front spectacle devices are substantially different from each other and are separated by 20 degrees or more.

[0223] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, two or more front spectacle devices are prescribed using a suitable wearing schedule.

[0224] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, suitable wearing schedules for wearing two or more front spectacle devices are separated by 2 hours or more, 4 hours or more, 6 hours or more, 8 hours or more, or 12 hours or more.

[0225] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, suitable wearing schedules for wearing two or more front spectacle devices are separated by 1 day or more, 2 days or more, 3 days or more, 4 days or more, 5 days or more, 6 days or more, or 1 week or more.

[0226] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, suitable wearing schedules for wearing two or more front spectacle devices are separated by 1 week or more, 2 weeks or more, 3 weeks or more, or 1 month or more.

[0227] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, suitable wearing schedules for wearing two or more front spectacle devices are identified by evaluating the progression rate and / or risk factors associated with myopic individuals.

[0228] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example B of the present disclosure, the magnitude of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured by evaluating the progression rate and / or risk factors associated with myopic individuals.

[0229] [Example C: Set of optical films for temporary assistance] A kit of spectacle devices for myopic individuals and a method of using the kit, the kit comprising two or more pairs of optical films for temporary assistance, each optical film being configured to cover a substantial area of the lens for the left eye of a myopic individual and a substantial area of the lens for the right eye of a myopic individual, each optical film being configured to have substantially no power across the optical film, each optical film being configured with one or more elliptical optical elements formed to have a profile of astigmatic power or toric power, the optical elements being used juxtaposed with a pair of standard single-focus spectacles, each providing at least partial meridian correction to an eye and introducing at least partial meridional coma to one or more regions of the retina of a myopic eye, the method of using the kit including instructions for a myopic individual having a wearing treatment plan detailing the use of the optical films inside the kit.

[0230] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the surface area of the one or more elliptical optical elements is 5 mm 2 or more, 10 mm 2 or more, 15 mm 2 or more, 20 mm 2 or more, or 25 mm 2 or more.

[0231] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the magnitude of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is +0.5 DC or more, +0.75 DC or more, +1 DC or more, +1.25 DC or more, +1.5 DC or more, or +1.75 DC or more.

[0232] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is Sphere + (Cylinder / 2) * (azimuth component) It is represented by using a frequency distribution function expressed by the formula, where Sphere is the spherical distance power prescribed to correct myopic eyes, Cylinder is the magnitude of the introduced astigmatism or toric, and the azimuth component of the frequency distribution function is C a *cos(mθ), where C a is the azimuth coefficient, m is an integer from 1 to 6, and θ is the azimuth of a predetermined point in the optical band.

[0233] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured on the front surface, the rear surface, or both surfaces of the optical film.

[0234] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the optical film may be configured as a spectacle lens using a change in the desired thickness profile across the optical film.

[0235] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the optical film may be adhered to the spectacle lens, adhered to the spectacle lens by finger pressure, used as a sticker on one surface of the spectacle lens, used as a peelable adhesive on one surface of the spectacle lens, or used as a combination thereof.

[0236] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, one or more elliptical optical elements may be arranged on the optical film when introducing meridional coma aberration in one or more specific regions of the retina while being used simultaneously with a standard single - focus spectacle lens.

[0237] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the specific region of the retina may be the nasal part of the retina, the temporal part of the retina, the upper part of the retina, or the lower part of the retina.

[0238] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, a specific region of the retina may be within 10 degrees of the visual field, within 15 degrees of the visual field, within 20 degrees of the visual field, or within 25 degrees of the visual field.

[0239] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, one or more elliptical optical elements inside the optical film may include two or more elliptical optical elements, or may include three or more elliptical optical elements.

[0240] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of optical films include three or more pairs, four or more pairs, five or more pairs, six or more pairs, or seven or more pairs of optical films.

[0241] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the size of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the paired optical films inside the kit.

[0242] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the axis of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the paired optical films inside the kit.

[0243] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the size and / or axis of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is configured to be substantially different between the right lens and the left lens of the paired optical films inside the kit.

[0244] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of optical films are configured to provide a stop signal suitable for myopic individuals.

[0245] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, a myopic individual may be myopia with astigmatism or myopia without astigmatism.

[0246] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of optical films are configured to introduce meridional astigmatism that changes temporally and spatially.

[0247] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, by introducing meridional astigmatism that changes temporally and spatially, a stop signal is provided to the eyes of myopic individuals.

[0248] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the axes of the profiles of the astigmatism power or toric power in two or more pairs of optical films are substantially different from each other and are separated by 20 degrees or more.

[0249] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, two or more pairs of optical films are prescribed using a suitable wearing schedule.

[0250] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, suitable wearing schedules for wearing two or more pairs of optical films are separated by 2 hours or more, 4 hours or more, 6 hours or more, 8 hours or more, or 12 hours or more.

[0251] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, suitable wearing schedules for wearing two or more pairs of optical films are separated by 1 day or more, 2 days or more, 3 days or more, 4 days or more, 5 days or more, 6 days or more, or 1 week or more.

[0252] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, suitable wearing schedules for wearing two or more pairs of optical films are separated by 1 week or more, 2 weeks or more, 3 weeks or more, or 1 month or more.

[0253] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more pairs of optical films is identified by evaluating the progression rate and / or risk factors associated with myopic individuals.

[0254] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the size of the astigmatism power or toric power profile is configured by evaluating the progression rate and / or risk factors associated with myopic individuals.

[0255] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example C of the present disclosure, the optical film is used to convert a standard single-focus spectacle for myopia correction into a spectacle for myopia correction and for both delaying, decelerating, reducing, and / or treating the progression of myopia.

[0256] [Example D: Set of Small Optical Elements for Temporary Assistance] A kit of spectacle devices for myopic individuals and a method of using the kit, the kit comprising two or more pairs of small optical elements for temporary assistance, each small optical element being configured to cover one or more local regions of the lens for the right eye of a myopic individual and one or more local regions of the lens for the left eye of a myopic individual, each small optical element being configured with an astigmatism power or toric power profile, the small optical elements being used juxtaposed to a pair of standard single-focus spectacles, each providing at least partial meridian correction to the eye and introducing at least partial meridional coma aberration into one or more regions of the retina of the myopic eye, the method of using the kit including instructions for a myopic individual having a wearing treatment plan detailing the use of the small optical elements inside the kit.

[0257] In the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the surface area of one or more oval small optical elements is 5 mm 2 or more, 10 mm 2 or more, 15 mm 2 or more, 20 mm 2 or more, or 25 mm 2 or more.

[0258] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the size of the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is +0.5 DC or more, +0.75 DC or more, +1 DC or more, +1.25 DC or more, +1.5 DC or more, or +1.75 DC or more.

[0259] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is Sphere+(Cylinder / 2)*(azimuth component) represented by using the power distribution function shown by the formula of, Sphere is the spherical distance power prescribed for correcting a myopic eye, Cylinder is the size of the introduced astigmatism or toricity, and the azimuth component of the power distribution function is C a shown as *cos(mθ), C a is an azimuth coefficient, m is an integer from 1 to 6, and θ is the azimuth of a predetermined point in the optical band.

[0260] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the profile of the astigmatic power or toric power is formed on the front surface, rear surface, or both surfaces of the small optical element.

[0261] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the small optical element may be formed as a spectacle lens by using a change in the desired thickness profile across the small optical element.

[0262] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the small optical element may be adhered to the spectacle lens, adhered to the spectacle lens by finger pressure, used as a sticker on one surface of the spectacle lens, used as a peelable adhesive on one surface of the spectacle lens, or used as a combination thereof.

[0263] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, one or more small elliptical optical elements are used simultaneously with the lenses of a standard single-focus spectacle to introduce meridional astigmatism in one or more specific regions of the retina.

[0264] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the specific region of the retina may be the nasal part of the retina, the temporal part of the retina, the upper part of the retina, or the lower part of the retina.

[0265] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the specific region of the retina may be within 10 degrees of the visual field, within 15 degrees of the visual field, within 20 degrees of the visual field, or within 25 degrees of the visual field.

[0266] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the magnitude of the astigmatic power or toric power profile is configured to be substantially different between the paired small optical elements inside the kit.

[0267] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the axis of the astigmatic power or toric power profile is configured to be substantially different between the small optical elements inside the kit.

[0268] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the magnitude and / or axis of the astigmatic power or toric power profile is configured to be substantially different between the right and left lenses of the small optical elements inside the kit.

[0269] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, two or more small optical elements are configured to provide a stop signal suitable for myopic individuals.

[0270] In the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, there may be cases of myopia with astigmatism or myopia without astigmatism.

[0271] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, two or more small optical elements are configured to introduce meridional aberrations that change temporally and spatially.

[0272] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example A of the present disclosure, by introducing meridional aberrations that change temporally and spatially, a stop signal is provided to the eyes of myopic individuals.

[0273] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the axes of the astigmatism or toric power profiles in two or more small optical elements are substantially different from each other and are separated by 20 degrees or more.

[0274] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, two or more small optical elements are prescribed using a suitable wearing schedule.

[0275] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more small optical elements is separated by 2 hours or more, 4 hours or more, 6 hours or more, 8 hours or more, or 12 hours or more.

[0276] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more small optical elements is separated by 1 day or more, 2 days or more, 3 days or more, 4 days or more, 5 days or more, 6 days or more, or 1 week or more.

[0277] In the method of using the kit of the spectacle device according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more small optical elements is separated by 1 week or more, 2 weeks or more, 3 weeks or more, or 1 month or more.

[0278] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, a suitable wearing schedule for wearing two or more small optical elements is identified by evaluating the progression rate and / or risk factors associated with myopic individuals.

[0279] In the method of using the kit of spectacle devices according to one or more of Example D of the present disclosure, the magnitude of the astigmatism or toric power profile is configured by evaluating the progression rate and / or risk factors associated with myopic individuals.

Claims

1. 1. An optical film comprising an adhesive surface configured to adhere to and cover a substantial area of ​​an eyeglass lens, eyeglass lens blank, or standard single vision eyeglass lens, the first region of the optical film is configured with substantially no power throughout the optical film; the second region of the optical film is composed of at least one optical element; The at least one optical element comprises a first optical element having an astigmatism or toric power profile. Optical film.

2. When bonded to a standard monofocal eyeglass lens, the lens is configured to induce an astigmatic cue that provides a spatially varying stop signal for managing myopia progression. The optical film according to claim 1 .

3. formed from a thin, transparent, elastic, conformable material configured to adhere to the eyeglass lens blank; The optical film according to claim 1 .

4. With a peelable, self-adhesive or adhesive backing for secure and reversible attachment to the spectacle lens blank, The optical film according to claim 1 .

5. comprising an astigmatism or toric power profile that varies across at least one region of the optical film; The optical film according to claim 1 .

6. When bonded to a standard single vision eyeglass lens, provides regionally induced astigmatic blurring that targets at least one of the foveal, parafoveal, macular, or paramacular retinal regions; The optical film according to claim 1 .

7. The at least one optical element of the ellipse of the optical film is configured to have an astigmatism or toric power profile of at least +0.5 DC. The optical film according to claim 1 .

8. configured to have a spatially varying optical stop signal distributed over a field of view ranging from 2.5° to 30°; The optical film according to claim 1 .

9. The optical film includes at least one elliptical optical element such that, when bonded to a standard single vision eyeglass lens, the optical film induces a stop signal at a specific retinal location. The optical film according to claim 1 .

10. the at least one optical element being elliptical having a major axis of 3 mm to 8 mm and a minor axis of 1 mm to 4 mm; The optical film according to claim 1 .

11. The optical film includes a marking, embossing, or small engraving. The optical film according to claim 1 .

12. When the optical film is adhered to a standard single vision eyeglass lens, the optical film induces astigmatic blurring on at least one of the nasal, temporal, inferior, and superior portions of the wearer's retina. The optical film according to claim 1 .

13. The astigmatism or toric power profile of the at least one elliptical optical element is expressed using a power distribution function described by the formula Sphere+(Cylinder / 2)*(azimuth component), where Sphere is the spherical distance power for correcting myopia, Cylinder is the magnitude of the astigmatism or toric power, and the azimuth component of the power distribution function is expressed as Ca*cos(mθ), where Ca is the azimuth coefficient, m is an integer between 1 and 6, and θ (theta) is the azimuth angle of a given point within the at least one optical element. The optical film according to claim 1 .

14. 14. A spectacle lens, a spectacle lens blank, or a standard single vision spectacle lens to which the optical film according to claim 13 is adhered.

15. Use of the optical film according to any one of claims 1 to 13 in combination with a standard single vision spectacle lens, the standard single vision spectacle lens being configured to both correct myopia and to slow, decelerate, reduce and / or manage the progression of myopia when the optical film is adhered to the standard single vision spectacle lens. Use of optical films.

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