Fireproof structure

Abstract

To provide a fireproof structure that exerts sufficient fireproof function with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: A fireproof structure comprises a steel frame member and a wood-based covering material arranged around the steel frame member with a gap therebetween, wherein the covering material and the steel frame member are directly opposed to each other at least in part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant structure.

Background Art

[0002] As shown in Patent Document 1, a method of covering a steel frame member with a covering material to form a fire-resistant structure is known.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Conventionally, it has been difficult to use a wooden member alone as a covering material, and it has been necessary to use a combination of gypsum, iron plates, etc.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a fire-resistant structure that exhibits a sufficient fire-resistant function with a simple configuration.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention, as one aspect, includes a steel frame member and a wooden covering material that is spaced apart from the steel frame member and disposed around the steel frame member, and the covering material and the steel frame member provide a fire-resistant structure that directly faces at least in part.

Effects of the Invention

[0007] According to the above configuration, it is possible to provide a fire-resistant structure that exhibits a sufficient fire-resistant function with a simple configuration.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] <First Embodiment> Hereinafter, a fire-resistant structure 10 which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fire-resistant structure 10 includes a steel frame member 1, a wooden fire-resistant coating material 2, a steel section 3, a flat steel 4, and a plurality of wood screws 5.

[0011] The steel frame member 1 is formed of a steel material extending in the axial direction (shown in FIG. 1), and is mainly used as a column member that supports the load of a structure such as a building. For the steel frame member 1, a square steel pipe may be used as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but in addition, members of any shape such as an H-shaped steel or a circular steel pipe may be applied.

[0012] The fire-resistant coating material 2 is a flat plate-shaped member made of CLT (Cross Laminated Timber). In addition, for the fire-resistant coating material 2, LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), glued laminated timber, or plywood may be used.

[0013] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, four fireproof cover materials 2 are arranged to surround the steel frame member 1 in a rectangular shape in cross-section. Each fireproof cover material 2 extends along the entire axial length of the steel frame member 1 and is spaced from the steel frame member 1 by about 30 mm to 50 mm over the entire length, and has a portion directly facing the steel frame member 1. In cross-section, both ends of one fireproof cover material 2 are in contact with another fireproof cover material 2 and are joined to and supported by the steel section 3.

[0014] Here, "directly facing" or "directly facing each other" means that two members are in a state of facing each other or facing each other without sandwiching another member therebetween.

[0015] The fireproof cover material 2 is a member for fireproof covering the steel frame member 1. The cross-sectional dimensions of the fireproof cover material 2 are set so as not to burn out within the fire resistance time. Further, the fireproof cover material 2 forms a carbonized layer (heat insulation layer) by carbonizing during a fire, thereby suppressing the heat transfer to the steel frame member 1.

[0016] The plate thickness of the fireproof cover material 2 is appropriately set according to the required fire resistance performance. More specifically, the plate thickness of the fireproof cover material 2 is set to 42 mm or more when assuming heating for 1 hour, 84 mm (millimeters) or more when assuming heating for 2 hours, and 126 mm or more when assuming heating for 3 hours. This is because it is assumed that the carbonization of wood proceeds at about 0.7 mm / min.

[0017] The steel section 3 is a member for supporting the fireproof cover material 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the steel section 3 is abutted against the contact portion of the fireproof cover material 2, that is, the inner corner portion of the rectangle formed by the four fireproof cover materials 2, and is joined to the end of the fireproof cover material 2 by the wood screw 5. In this embodiment, a C-shaped steel is used for the steel section 3, but members having different shapes such as an angle steel or a square steel may be used instead.

[0018] The flat steel 4 is a flat steel material arranged between the protruding corner part of the steel frame member 1 and the section steel 3. The flat steel 4 is respectively arranged at four protruding corner parts of the steel frame member 1 in a sectional view, and is joined to the steel frame member 1 and the section steel 3 by welding or bolts. The flat steel 4 supports the fireproof coating material 2 together with the section steel 3.

[0019] The section steel 3 and the flat steel 4 are attached to a plurality of locations of the steel frame member 1 at intervals in the axial direction of the steel frame member 1. That is, the section steel 3 and the flat steel 4 do not necessarily need to be members extending over the entire length of the steel frame member 1. Therefore, when looking at the cross-section at a location where the section steel 3 and the flat steel 4 are absent, as shown in FIG. 2, the fireproof coating material 2 is arranged so as to be spaced apart from the steel frame member 1 all around.

[0020] Note that the section steel 3 and the flat steel 4 do not necessarily need to be arranged parallel to each other as in the fireproof structure 10 (FIG. 1), and may be arranged so that the directions of the respective members are different as shown in the fireproof structure 110 (FIG. 3, details will be described later) of the second embodiment.

[0021] <Second Embodiment> The fireproof structure 110 according to the second embodiment is shown in FIG. 3. In addition, for the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment are given, and part or all of the description is omitted.

[0022] The fireproof structure 110 further includes a wall material 6 in addition to the steel frame member 1 made of a square steel pipe, the wooden fireproof coating material 2, the section steel 3, the flat steel 4, and a plurality of wood screws 5.

[0023] Three fireproof coating materials 2 are arranged around the steel frame member 1 to surround three side surfaces of the steel frame member 1. The fireproof coating material 2 surrounds the entire circumference of the steel frame member 1 together with the wall material 6 to form a fireproof coating.

[0024] Each fireproof coating material 2 extends over the entire axial length of the steel frame member 1, is spaced apart from the steel frame member 1 over the entire length, and has a portion directly facing the steel frame member. In a sectional view, both ends of one fireproof coating material 2 are in contact with another fireproof coating material 2 and are joined to and supported by the section steel 3.

[0025] The material, plate thickness, etc. of the fireproof covering material 2 are as described in the first embodiment.

[0026] The flat steel 4 is a flat steel material disposed between the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the steel section 3. The flat steel 4 is disposed at four locations at the end of the steel frame member 1 in a cross-sectional view, and is joined to both the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the steel section 3 by welding or bolts.

[0027] The steel section 3 is joined to the flat steel 4 by welding or bolts, and is joined to the fireproof covering material 2 by wood screws 5. In a cross-sectional view, the two steel sections 3 are abutted against the inner corner formed by the two fireproof covering materials 2, and are joined to the ends of the fireproof covering material 2 by wood screws 5. Also, the two steel sections 3 near the wall material 6 are joined to the side surface of the fireproof covering material 2 by wood screws 5.

[0028] The wall material 6 extends parallel to one side surface of the steel frame member 1 and is disposed at a distance from the steel frame member 1. Various members can be used for the wall material 6, and specific examples include extruded cement panels (ECP) and gypsum boards.

[0029] <Third Embodiment> As described above, an H-shaped steel may be used for the steel frame member 1. As a third embodiment, a fireproof structure 210 using an H-shaped steel for the steel frame member 1 is shown in FIG. 4. Note that the same components as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the first and second embodiments, and some or all of the descriptions are omitted.

[0030] The configurations of the fireproof covering material 2, the steel section 3, and the wood screws 5 are as described in the first embodiment.

[0031] The flat steel 4 is a flat steel material disposed between the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the steel section 3. The flat steel 4 is disposed at four locations at the end of the steel frame member 1 in a cross-sectional view, and is joined to the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the steel section 3 by welding or bolts.

[0032] Note that the flat steel 4 does not need to be arranged parallel to each other, and as shown in the fire-resistant structure 110, it may be arranged so that the directions of the respective members are different.

[0033] <Fourth Embodiment> The fire-resistant structure 310 according to the fourth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 5. Note that the same components as those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the first to third embodiments, and part or all of the description thereof will be omitted.

[0034] The fire-resistant structure 310 further includes a wall material 6 in addition to the steel frame member 1 of the H-shaped steel, the wooden fire-resistant coating material 2, the steel section 3, the flat steel 4, and a plurality of wood screws 5.

[0035] Three fire-resistant coating materials 2 are arranged around the steel frame member 1 to surround both sides of one flange and web of the steel frame member 1. The fire-resistant coating materials 2, together with the wall material 6, surround the entire circumference of the steel frame member 1 to form a fire-resistant coating.

[0036] Each fire-resistant coating material 2 extends over the entire axial length of the steel frame member 1 and is spaced apart from the steel frame member 1 over the entire length, and has a portion directly facing the steel frame member 1. In a cross-sectional view, both ends of one fire-resistant coating material 2 are in contact with another fire-resistant coating material 2 and are joined and supported by the steel section 3.

[0037] The material, plate thickness, etc. of the fire-resistant coating material 2 are as described in the first embodiment.

[0038] The flat steel 4 is a flat steel material arranged between the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the steel section 3. The flat steel 4 is arranged at four locations at the ends of the steel frame member 1 in a cross-sectional view and is joined to both the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the steel section 3 by welding or bolts.

[0039] The steel section 3 is joined to the flat steel 4 by welding or bolts, and is joined to the fire-resistant coating material 2 by wood screws 5. In a sectional view, the two steel sections 3 are abutted against the inner corner formed by the two fire-resistant coating materials 2, and are joined to the ends of the fire-resistant coating material 2 by wood screws 5. Also, another two steel sections 3 are joined to the side surface of the fire-resistant coating material 2 by wood screws 5.

[0040] <Fifth Embodiment> The fire-resistant structure 410 according to the fifth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 6. Components having the same configuration as those in the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the first to fourth embodiments, and part or all of the description thereof is omitted. Also, as shown in FIG. 6, the vertical direction is defined and used in the description.

[0041] The fire-resistant structure 410 further includes a slab 7 in addition to the steel frame member 1 of the H-shaped steel, the wooden fire-resistant coating material 2, the steel section 3, the flat steel 4, and a plurality of wood screws 5. The slab 7 is a horizontally extending reinforced concrete member, and in this embodiment, the steel frame member 1 functions as a beam that supports the slab 7 from below. Note that various structures and shapes other than the reinforced concrete structure can be adopted for the slab 7.

[0042] Three fire-resistant coating materials 2 are arranged around the steel frame member 1 to surround both side surfaces of the lower flange and the web of the steel frame member 1. The fire-resistant coating materials 2, together with the slab 7, surround the entire circumference of the steel frame member 1 to form a fire-resistant coating.

[0043] Each fire-resistant coating material 2 extends over the entire axial length of the steel frame member 1, is spaced apart from the steel frame member 1 over the entire length, and has a portion directly facing the steel frame member 1. In a sectional view, both ends of one fire-resistant coating material 2 are in contact with another fire-resistant coating material 2 and are joined to and supported by the steel section 3.

[0044] The material, plate thickness, etc. of the fire-resistant coating material 2 are as described in the first embodiment.

[0045] The flat steel 4 is a flat steel material disposed between the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the section steel 3. The flat steel 4 is arranged to horizontally extend at two locations on the upper part of the steel frame member 1 and one location on the lower part of the steel frame member 1 in a sectional view, and is joined to both the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the section steel 3 by welding or bolts.

[0046] The section steel 3 is joined to the flat steel 4 by welding or bolts and is also joined to the fireproof coating material 2 by wood screws 5. In a sectional view, the two section steels 3 disposed below the steel frame member 1 are respectively abutted against the inside corner portions formed by the two fireproof coating materials 2 and are joined to the ends of the fireproof coating material 2 by wood screws 5. Further, the two section steels 3 disposed near the upper flange are joined to the side surface portions of the fireproof coating material 2 by wood screws 5.

[0047] <Sixth Embodiment> The fireproof structure 510 according to the sixth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 7. In addition, components having the same configurations as those in the first to fifth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the first to fifth embodiments, and part or all of the descriptions thereof are omitted. Also, as shown in FIG. 7, the vertical direction is defined and used in the description.

[0048] The fireproof structure 510 further includes a slab 7 and a fireproof coating material 502 in addition to the H-shaped steel frame member 1, the wooden fireproof coating material 2, the section steel 3, the flat steel 4, and a plurality of wood screws 5. The slab 7 is a horizontally extending reinforced concrete member, and in this embodiment, the steel frame member 1 functions as a beam that supports the slab 7 from below. Note that various structures and shapes other than the reinforced concrete structure can be adopted for the slab 7.

[0049] Two fireproof coating materials 2 are disposed on the sides of the steel frame member 1 to surround both side surfaces of the web of the steel frame member 1. The fireproof coating materials 2, together with the slab 7 and the fireproof coating material 502, surround the entire circumference of the steel frame member 1 to constitute the fireproof coating.

[0050] Each fireproof covering material 2 extends over the entire axial length of the steel frame member 1 and is spaced apart from the steel frame member 1 over the entire length, and has a portion directly facing the steel frame member. In a cross-sectional view, the lower end of one fireproof covering material 2 abuts against the fireproof covering material 502 and is joined to and supported by the steel section 3.

[0051] The material, plate thickness, etc. of the fireproof covering material 2 are as described in the first embodiment.

[0052] The fireproof covering material 502 is arranged so as to cover the lower flange and the lower part of the web of the steel frame member 1. The fireproof covering material 502 is attached to the steel frame member 1 by contacting the lower flange and the lower part of the web of the steel frame member 1.

[0053] The fireproof covering material 502 is a flat member made of CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) like the fireproof covering material 2. In addition, LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), glued laminated timber, plywood, or the like may be used for the fireproof covering material 502.

[0054] The fireproof covering material 502 is a member for fireproof covering the steel frame member 1. The cross-sectional dimensions of the fireproof covering material 502 are set so as not to burn out within the fire resistance time. The fireproof covering materials 502 are each formed in a plate shape and form a carbonized layer (heat insulation layer) by carbonizing during a fire, thereby suppressing the transfer of heat to the steel frame member 1. In FIG. 6, the fireproof covering material 502 in contact with the lower surface of the lower flange of the steel frame member 1 and the two fireproof covering materials 502 arranged on both sides of the web of the steel frame member 1 and in contact with the upper surface of the lower flange of the steel frame member 1 are shown. Note that various arrangements and positions of the fireproof covering material 502 other than those shown are conceivable.

[0055] The thickness of the fire-resistant coating material 502 is appropriately set according to the required fire-resistant performance. More specifically, the thickness of the fire-resistant coating material 502 is set to 42 mm (millimeters) or more assuming one-hour heating, 84 mm or more assuming two-hour heating, and 126 mm or more assuming three-hour heating. This is because the carbonization of wood is assumed to proceed at about 0.7 mm / min. As an example of specific dimensions, the fire-resistant coating material 502 is made of larch and has dimensions of 550 mm in width and 120 mm in thickness both above and below the flange.

[0056] The flat steel 4 is a flat steel material disposed between the flange of the steel frame member 1 and the steel section 3. A total of four flat steels 4 are arranged, two disposed above the steel frame member 1 and two disposed below the steel frame member 1. The two flat steels 4 above the steel frame member 1 are joined to both the upper flange of the steel frame member 1 and the steel section 3 by welding or bolts. Also, the two flat steels 4 below the steel frame member 1 are each placed on the upper surface of the fire-resistant coating material 502 and joined to the web of the steel frame member 1 by welding or bolts.

[0057] The steel section 3 is joined to the flat steel 4 by welding or bolts and is joined to the fire-resistant coating material 2 by wood screws 5. In a sectional view, the two steel sections 3 disposed near the upper flange of the steel frame member 1 are joined to the side surface portion of the fire-resistant coating material 2 by wood screws 5. Also, the two steel sections 3 located below are each joined to the side surface portion of the fire-resistant coating material 2 by wood screws 5 and are also joined to the flat steel 4 by welding or bolts.

[0058] <Effect> In each of the above embodiments, the following aspects are disclosed.

[0059] (Aspect 1) The fire-resistant structures 10, 110, 210, 310, 410, 510 include a steel frame member 1 and a wooden fire-resistant coating material 2 spaced apart from the steel frame member 1 and disposed around the steel frame member. The fire-resistant coating material 2 and the steel frame member 1 directly face each other at least in part.

[0060] According to the above configuration, a fire-resistant coating can be formed only with the wooden fire-resistant coating material 2 without using members such as gypsum boards and iron plates in combination. The fire-resistant coating material 2 forms a carbonized layer (heat-insulating layer) by carbonizing during a fire, thereby suppressing the transfer of heat to the steel frame member 1. Further, by disposing the fire-resistant coating material 2 at a distance from the steel frame member 1, the transfer of heat to the steel frame member 1 is further suppressed. By adopting such a configuration, a structure having a sufficient fire-resistant function with a simple configuration can be achieved. Further, since the fire-resistant coating material 2 can be used as an interior material as it is, the aesthetic appearance in terms of design is not impaired.

[0061] (Aspect 2) In Aspect 1, the fire-resistant coating material 2 extends over the entire axial length of the steel frame member 1 and is spaced apart from the steel frame member 1.

[0062] In the above configuration, the generation of a thermal bridge connected to the steel frame member 1 or the generation of heat conduction from the fire-resistant coating material 2 to the steel frame member 1 is prevented. Therefore, the transfer of heat to the steel frame member 1 is suppressed.

[0063] (Aspect 3) In Aspect 1 or 2, the H-shaped steel 3 and the flat steel 4 function as connecting members that connect the steel frame member 1 and the fire-resistant coating material 2. Among the connecting members, the flat steel 4 is fixed to the fire-resistant coating material 2 with wood screws 5.

[0064] In the above configuration, a structure having a sufficient fire-resistant function with a simple configuration can be achieved.

[0065] <Modification Example> In each of the above embodiments, various members such as flat steel and round steel can be used instead of the H-shaped steel 3. Further, other members such as H-shaped steel and round steel may be used instead of the flat steel 4. Further, a single member or three or more members may be used as the connecting member used for connecting the fire-resistant coating material 2 and the steel frame member 1.

[0066] The structure to which the fire-resistant coating of this case is applied is not limited to a steel frame structure. For example, it can be applied to various structures such as a concrete-filled steel tube structure.

[0067] The fire-resistant coating material 2 does not need to cover the entire length of the steel frame member 1 with a single member. It is possible to connect a plurality of members to cover the entire length of the steel frame member 1.

[0068] When a part of the steel frame member 1 is embedded in a floor, wall, etc., the fire-resistant coating material 2 can constitute a fire-resistant coating by covering the exposed part of the steel frame member 1.

Claims

1. A steel frame member, a wooden covering material spaced apart from the steel frame member and disposed around the steel frame member, and the covering material and the steel frame member directly face each other at least in part. A fire-resistant structure.

2. The covering material is spaced apart from the steel frame member over the entire length of the steel frame member. The fire-resistant structure according to Claim 1.

3. further comprising a connecting member connecting the steel frame member and the covering material, the connecting member being fixed to the covering material by screws, The fire-resistant structure according to Claim 1 or 2.

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