Weed control base material and weed control method

Abstract

To provide a weed control base material capable of exerting stable weed control and radiation shielding functions over a long period of time, and a weed control method.SOLUTION: A weed control base material 1 is formed by kneading a base material 10 made of an inorganic porous material 11 and a plurality of plant materials 12 with a solidifying material 20, where the plant materials 11 include fibrous bodies made of a secondary crushed material of coniferous bark 11a. A weed control method includes the steps of: adding water W to the weed control base material 1 and kneading it to produce a mixed base material 1a; and laying the mixed base material 1a on a target base G and compacting it, or spraying the mixed base material 1a on the target base G.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a weed control base material and a weed control method, and particularly to a weed control base material capable of exhibiting a stable weed control function and a radiation shielding function over a long period of time, and a weed control method using the weed control base material.

Background Art

[0002] When plants grow thickly on the roadside, median strip, slope, riverbed, etc. of a road, there is a risk of problems such as poor visibility and the occurrence of pests. For this reason, in these facilities, weeding operations such as regular mowing and herbicide spraying are carried out. Since the work range of mowing is extensive, such as on riverbeds, and requires a large number of workers, it incurs a huge cost, putting pressure on the finances of facility owners such as local governments. In addition, the spraying of herbicides raises concerns about adverse effects on the trees targeted for greening and human health. For this reason, in recent years, a weed control method has been implemented in which the slope or ground that becomes the vegetation soil of plants is covered with a hardening weed control base material to suppress the growth of plants. Patent Document 1 discloses a weed control method in which water is mixed with a weed control base material obtained by kneading a porous inorganic material, a plant material, and a cement-based solidifying material, and the target base is covered. The plant material of this weed control base material is manufactured by primary crushing of bark into chips having a width of about 5 mm to 20 mm and drying treatment with a heater until the moisture content is 10% or less.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The prior art has the following drawbacks. <1>Since the plant material consists of primary crushed material and has a large unit volume, the adhesive area between the plant material and the solidifying material is relatively small. Therefore, the strength of the weed control base material after hardening is low, and it is difficult to prevent the growth of plants with strong sprouting ability such as bamboo and moso bamboo. <2>If the weed control base material is laid thickly to enhance the weed control effect, cracks are likely to occur due to the shrinkage of the solidifying material. The cracks develop over time, and the weed control effect is lost as plants grow through the gaps. Therefore, the weed control effect cannot be effectively maintained over a long period of 10 to 20 years. <3>Since the primary crushed material of bark has a heavy unit weight, there is a risk of blockage in the hose of the spraying machine. The technology of Patent Document 1 dries the bark to reduce its weight to prevent blockage, but a large amount of thermal energy is required to dry it to a moisture content of 10% or less, resulting in increased processing costs and imposing a burden on the environment due to carbon dioxide emissions.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a weed control base material and a weed control method for solving the problems of the prior art as described above.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The weed control base material of the present invention is obtained by kneading a base material composed of an inorganic porous material and a plurality of plant materials with a solidifying material, and is characterized in that the plant material includes a fibrous body composed of secondary crushed material of coniferous bark.

[0007] In the weed control base material of the present invention, the plant material may be a non-dried material that has not undergone a drying process.

[0008] In the weed control base material of the present invention, the coniferous bark may have a thickness of 2 mm or less and a width of 10 mm or less.

[0009] In the weed control base material of the present invention, the coniferous bark may be composed of cedar bark, cypress bark, or a combination thereof.

[0010] The weed control base material of the present invention may be composed of an inorganic porous material such as porous incineration ash, clinker ash, volcanic crushed stone, diatomaceous earth, shirasu balloon, or a combination thereof.

[0011] The weed control base material of the present invention may be composed of a solidifying material such as cement, calcined dolomite, magnesia, or a combination thereof.

[0012] An EVA re-emulsifying agent may be added to the solidifying material of the weed control base material of the present invention.

[0013] An organic or inorganic pigment may be added to the base material of the weed control base material of the present invention.

[0014] In the base material of the weed control base material of the present invention, the inorganic porous material accounts for 20 to 90 Vol%, and the plant material accounts for 10 to 80 Vol%. For 1 m of the base material, 3 50 kg to 300 kg of the solidifying material may be blended.

[0015] The weed control method of the present invention is characterized by comprising a step of using the weed control base material, adding water to the weed control base material and kneading to produce a mixed base material, and a step of laying and rolling the mixed base material on a target base, or a step of spraying the mixed base material on the target base.

Effects of the Invention

[0016] The weed control base material and the weed control method of the present invention have at least one of the following effects from the above configuration. <1>Since the plant material consists of secondary crushed material with a width of several millimeters, the adhesion area with the solidifying material is large, and the fiber reinforcement effect due to the fibrous shape can be exerted. Therefore, the strength of the weed control base material after curing is high, and it is possible to prevent the growth of plants with strong germination power such as bamboo, hiban bamboo, chikaya, kudzu, etc., which were conventionally difficult to control weeds. <2>The fiber reinforcement effect due to the entanglement of the fibrous plant material and the wet curing effect due to retaining water in the fiber can reduce the occurrence of cracks accompanying the shrinkage of the solidifying material. As a result, the weed control effect can be effectively maintained over a long period of 10 to 20 years. <3>Since the coniferous bark is used after secondary crushing, there is no need to dry it for weight reduction. Therefore, no carbon dioxide emissions are generated due to the drying operation. <4>By having both a weed control function and a high water permeability and water retention function, it is possible to achieve weed control greening that suppresses the growth of new plants without hindering the growth of existing plantings. <5>By reducing the occurrence of cracks, a high radiation shielding function can be exhibited over a long period.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] Hereinafter, the weed control base material and the weed control method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0018] <1>Weed control base material (Figure 1) The weed control base material 1 is a material for manufacturing the mixed base material 1a for the weed control method. The weed control base material 1 is obtained by kneading a base material 10 composed of an inorganic porous material 11 and a plurality of plant materials 12, and a solidifying material 20. One feature of the weed control base material 1 is that as the main material of the plant material 12, a fibrous body made of secondary crushed material of coniferous bark 12a is adopted. Regarding the composition of the weed control base material 1, which will be described later, in terms of the volume of the base material 10, the inorganic porous material 11 is in the range of 20 to 90 Vol%, the plant material 12 is in the range of 10 to 80 Vol%, and 50 kg to 300 kg of the solidifying material 20 is mixed per 1 m 3 of the base material 10, and this composition is particularly good. Since the weed control base material 1 is in a powdery / granular state before adding water W, it can be filled in, for example, a resin bag and stored and transported stably.

[0019] <1.1>Mixed base material The mixed base material 1a is a base material used in the weed control method. The mixed base material 1a is obtained by adding and mixing water W with an appropriate composition to the weed control base material 1. The mixed base material 1a has fluidity based on its composition and can be installed on a slope or ground (hereinafter referred to as "target base G") that will become the planting soil for plants by means such as casting or spraying, like concrete / mortar, to cover the target base G. The plants targeted for weed control by the mixed base material 1a are, for example, Japanese knotweed, kudzu, rice, miscanthus sinensis, etc. However, depending on the composition of the mixed base material 1a, it is also possible to prevent the growth of bamboo, arrow bamboo, chikugo, kudzu, etc., which were conventionally difficult to control for weed. Also, by utilizing the water retention performance of the base material 10 and covering the periphery of the roots of existing plantings such as Japanese snowbell and satsuki azalea with the mixed base material 1a, weed control greening can be implemented while promoting the growth of the plantings. Furthermore, by installing the mixed base material 1a with a predetermined thickness, it can also be used as a radiation shielding material.

[0020] <2> Inorganic porous material The inorganic porous material 11 (porous medium) is the basic material that constitutes the base material 10. The inorganic porous material 11 generally consists of inorganic powder or fine particles with a particle size of several μm to several mm and has numerous pores with a diameter of generally several nm to several tens of nm. The pores of the inorganic porous material 11 connect to the discontinuous voids within the inorganic porous material 11. As the inorganic porous material 11, for example, porous incineration ash, clinker ash, volcanic tuff, diatomaceous earth, shirasu balloon, or a combination thereof can be adopted. However, the inorganic porous material 11 is not limited to these. As long as it consists of inorganic powder or particles with a diameter of 15 mm or less and has discontinuous voids inside, any of them can be adopted as the inorganic porous material 11.

[0021] <3> Plant material The plant material 12 is a reinforcing material that constitutes the base material 10. The plant material 12 is a non-dried body obtained by secondary crushing of coniferous bark 12a. Here, the "non-dried body" means that it has not undergone a drying process in the manufacturing process of the plant material 12 described later, and does not necessarily mean it is in a wet state. The plant material 12 mainly consists of fibrous bodies, but may also include wood chips, pruned branches, etc. In this example, as the coniferous bark 12a, a combination of cedar bark and hinoki bark is adopted. However, the coniferous bark 12a is not limited to these, and it may be only cedar bark, only hinoki bark, or the bark of other coniferous trees. The plant material 12 exhibits a long fibrous shape. In this example, the size of the plant material 12 alone is generally 30 to 100 mm in length, 0.2 to 2 mm in thickness, and 0.5 to 10 mm in width.

[0022] <3.1>Method for manufacturing plant material The plant material 12 is manufactured, for example, by the following method. Cedar bark or hinoki bark (coniferous bark 12a) is put into a biaxial rotary shearing device and roughly crushed into gravel-like pieces with a width of several centimeters (primary crushing). Note that cedar bark and hinoki bark can be recovered and utilized from the end materials generated in the processing process by wood harvesters. The primary crushed material discharged from the biaxial rotary shearing device is conveyed by a belt conveyor and put into a uniaxial rotary crushing device to be crushed into pieces with a width of several millimeters (secondary crushing). This is recovered as the plant material 12.

[0023] <3.2>Function of plant material The plant material of the prior art consists of gravel-like primary crushed material and retains water by allowing external moisture to penetrate into the interior of the bark. For this reason, there are problems such as low water retention performance and difficulty in discharging the moisture once accumulated inside to the outside. In contrast, the plant material 12 of the present invention is a fibrous body with a width of several millimeters obtained by secondary crushing. This plant material 12 retains water not inside but between the intertwined plant materials 12, so it has high water retention performance and is easy to discharge moisture to the outside. Therefore, during the hardening process of the solidifying material 20, the water-retaining plant material 12 exhibits the same effect as the wet curing of concrete. In addition, the fibrous plant material 12 intertwines with the porous inorganic porous material 11 to exhibit a fiber reinforcement effect. By combining the above wet curing and fiber reinforcement effects, the generation of cracks in the mixed base material 1a can be reduced.

[0024] <4>Setting material The setting material 20 is a material that exhibits strength through a setting reaction. As the setting material 20, for example, cement, calcined dolomite, magnesia, or a combination thereof can be adopted. However, the setting material 20 is not limited to these, and in short, any material that can exhibit a predetermined slump flow, compressive strength, etc. when blended with the base material 10 and water W is acceptable.

[0025] <5>Re-emulsifying agent The re-emulsifying agent 30 is a blending agent added to the setting material 20. In this example, an EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin) re-emulsifying agent is adopted as the re-emulsifying agent 30. By adding the re-emulsifying agent 30 to the setting material 20, a polymer film can be formed inside the mixed base material 1a, and the mixed base material 1a can be made into a water-impermeable structure. Thereby, the weed control function can be stabilized in the long term.

[0026] <6>Pigment The pigment 40 is a coloring agent for the weed control base material 1. The mixed base material 1a installed on the target base G mostly becomes white or light gray derived mainly from the inorganic porous material 11 and the setting material 20. However, depending on the region and the installation location, in cases where these white-based colors do not harmonize with the surrounding environment, or there is a possibility of reflecting sunlight and causing discomfort to passers-by and neighboring residents. In such cases, by adding an organic or inorganic pigment 40 to the weed control base material 1 and making the color of the mixed base material 1a brown, green, etc., it can be harmonized with the local landscape and environment and prevent reflection. Also, for example, in a solar power plant, by adding a white or light gray pigment 40 to the weed control base material 1, sunlight can be reflected on the surface of the mixed base material 1a, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

[0027] <7>Weed control method The weed control method of the present invention is implemented, for example, according to the following procedure. The weed-proof base material 1 is put into the mixing pit, water W is added, and it is kneaded with the bucket of the backhoe to produce the mixed base material 1a. The mixed base material 1a is scooped up by the backhoe, transported, and laid on the target base G. After laying, it is rolled / compacted with a rammer or a macadam roller and cured for a predetermined time. In addition, when the target base G is an inclined surface such as a slope, the manufactured mixed base material 1a can be sprayed onto the target base G by a wet mortar spraying machine or a soil spraying machine for construction. Since the weed-proof construction method of the present invention enables mechanized construction, the workability is high, and it can be constructed economically and in a short period of time.

Example

[0028] In Example 1, the bamboo growing densely on the cut slope near the road was cut at ground level, and the mixed base material 1a was constructed by spraying. 1.0 m in Example 1 3 The mixing amount per unit is as shown in the following table.

[0029]

Table 1

[0030]

Table 2

Example

[0031] In Example 2, the hybrid base material 1a was laid on the planting areas of Prunus mume, Satsuki azalea, and Rhododendron in the reclaimed land on flat ground, and rolled and compacted. The blending amount per 1.0 m in Example 2 is as shown in the following table. 3 is as follows.

[0032]

Table 3

[0033]

Table 4

[0034]

Table 5

Example

[0035] In Example 3, at a solar power plant in Soma City, Fukushima Prefecture, the mixed base material 1a was mixed with a backhoe, spread evenly with a wheel loader, and compacted. The mortar surface was constructed with a dry mortar spraying machine. The blending amount per 1.0 m in Example 3 3 is as shown in the following table.

[0036]

Table 6

[0037]

Table 7

[0038]

Table 8

Explanation of Signs

[0039] 1 Weed control base material 1a Mixed base material 10 Base material 11 Inorganic porous material 12 Plant materials 12a Coniferous bark 20 Solidifying agent 30 Re-emulsifying agent 40 Pigment G Target substrate W Water

Claims

1. A base material comprising an inorganic porous material and a plurality of plant materials, kneaded with a solidifying material, characterized in that the plant material contains a fibrous body composed of secondary crushed material of coniferous bark, A weed prevention base material.

2. characterized in that the plant material is a non-dried body that has not undergone a drying process, The weed prevention base material according to Claim 1.

3. characterized in that the coniferous bark has a thickness of 2 mm or less and a width of 10 mm or less, The weed prevention base material according to Claim 1.

4. characterized in that the coniferous bark is composed of cedar bark, cypress bark, or a combination thereof, The weed prevention base material according to Claim 1.

5. characterized in that the inorganic porous material is composed of porous incineration ash, clinker ash, volcanic tuff, diatomaceous earth, shirasu balloon, or a combination thereof, The weed prevention base material according to Claim 1.

6. characterized in that the solidifying material is composed of cement, calcined dolomite, magnesia, or a combination thereof, The weed prevention base material according to Claim 1.

7. characterized in that an EVA re-emulsifier is added to the solidifying material, The weed prevention base material according to Claim 6.

8. characterized in that an organic or inorganic pigment is added to the base material, The weed prevention base material according to Claim 1.

9. In the base material, the inorganic porous material accounts for 20 to 90 Vol%, and the plant material accounts for 10 to 80 Vol%, The base material 1 m ３characterized in that 50 kg to 300 kg of the solidifying material is blended therewith The weed control base material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A weed control method using the weed control base material according to claim 9, a step of adding water to the weed control base material and kneading to produce a mixed base material, a step of laying and rolling the mixed base material on a target base or a step of spraying the mixed base material onto the target base, characterized by comprising A weed control method.

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