Terminal

Abstract

To provide a terminal that can set an appropriate time domain compression rate according to an index to be optimized.SOLUTION: A terminal transmits and receives slots consisting of multiple symbols. The terminal sets a compression factor to be applied to the time domain of the symbols. The terminal sets the compression factor associated with each of multiple different indices.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 14

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal that performs wireless communication, and particularly to a terminal that supports time-domain compression such as Faster-Than-Nyquist (FTN) transmission.

Background Art

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized the 5th generation mobile communication system (also called 5G, New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and is further promoting the standardization of the next generation, called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution or 6G.

[0003] In the specification of 3GPP Release 15 (NR), it is defined that a radio frame (10 ms) is composed of a plurality of subframes (1 ms), and a slot is composed of 14 symbols (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] Also, the current NR specification is based on the Nyquist rate and does not support Faster-Than-Nyquist (FTN) transmission. FTN can improve the spectral efficiency (SE) compared to Nyquist rate transmission by multiplexing symbols at a rate higher than the Nyquist rate (Non-Patent Document 2).

[0005] Specifically, FTN allows inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-subcarrier interference (ICI), and improves the spectral efficiency by multiplexing symbols and / or subcarriers at a high density.

[0006] In addition, studies are also underway on NR that supports frequencies exceeding 52.6 GHz and up to 71 GHz (Non-Patent Document 3). Furthermore, Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G (after Release-18) aims to support frequency bands exceeding 71 GHz.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0007]

Non-Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Document 2

Non-Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

[0008] When using high-frequency bands exceeding 52.6 GHz, the increase in phase noise and propagation loss becomes a problem. Also, it becomes more sensitive to the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and the non-linearity of the power amplifier.

[0009] Considering such problems, it is conceivable to combine FTN in the time domain with Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM). This makes it possible to achieve both an improvement in frequency utilization efficiency and PAPR.

[0010] However, the optimal value of the compression rate (which may also be called the compression coefficient) in the time domain by FTN may vary depending on the metrics to be optimized (such as PAPR, throughput, etc.).

[0011] Therefore, the following disclosure is made in view of such a situation, and aims to provide a terminal that can set an appropriate compression rate in the time domain according to the metrics to be optimized.

[0012] One aspect of the present disclosure is a terminal (UE200) including a transceiver (FTN modulation module and FTN demodulation module) that transmits and receives slots composed of a plurality of symbols, and a control unit that sets the length of a cyclic prefix added to the symbols based on the degree of compression in the time domain of the symbols.

[0013] One aspect of the present disclosure is a terminal (UE200) including a transceiver (FTN modulation module and FTN demodulation module) that transmits and receives slots composed of a plurality of symbols, and a control unit that sets a compression coefficient applied to the time domain of the symbols, wherein the control unit sets the compression coefficient associated with each of a plurality of different metrics.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11A

Figure 11B

Figure 11C

Figure 12A

Figure 12B

Figure 12C

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Figure 18

Figure 19

Figure 20

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same or similar reference numerals are assigned to the same functions and configurations, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

[0016] (1) Overall Schematic Configuration of the Wireless Communication System FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a wireless communication system 10 according to the present embodiment. The wireless communication system 10 is a wireless communication system according to 5G New Radio (NR), and includes a Next Generation-Radio Access Network 20 (hereinafter, NG-RAN 20) and a terminal 200 (hereinafter, UE 200, User Equipment).

[0017] NG-RAN20 includes a radio base station 100 (hereinafter, gNB100). Note that the specific configuration of the wireless communication system 10 including the number of gNBs and UEs is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1.

[0018] NG-RAN20 actually includes a plurality of NG-RAN Nodes, specifically, gNBs (or ng-eNBs), and is connected to a core network (5GC, not shown) compliant with 5G. Note that NG-RAN20 and 5GC may simply be expressed as "network".

[0019] gNB100 is a radio base station compliant with 5G and performs wireless communication with UE200 compliant with 5G. gNB100 and UE200 can support Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) that generates a more directive beam by controlling radio signals transmitted from a plurality of antenna elements, carrier aggregation (CA) that bundles and uses a plurality of component carriers (CCs), and dual connectivity (DC) that simultaneously communicates between the UE and each of two NG-RAN Nodes. The wireless communication system 10 supports FR1 and FR2. The frequency bands of each FR are as follows.

[0020] · FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz · FR2: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz In FR1, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of 15, 30, or 60 kHz is used, and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz may be used. FR2 has a higher frequency than FR1, and an SCS of 60 or 120 kHz (240 kHz may be included) is used, and a bandwidth (BW) of 50 to 400 MHz may be used.

[0021] Note that SCS may also be interpreted as numerology. Numerology is defined in 3GPP TS38.300 and corresponds to one subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain.

[0022] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 may also support frequency bands higher than the FR2 frequency band. Specifically, the wireless communication system 10 may support frequency bands exceeding 52.6 GHz and up to 114.25 GHz.

[0023] Also, the high-frequency band may be further divided. For example, it may be divided into a frequency range of 71 GHz or less and a frequency range exceeding 71 GHz.

[0024] Particularly in such high-frequency bands, an increase in inter-carrier phase noise becomes a problem. Therefore, a larger (wider) SCS or the application of a single-carrier waveform may be required.

[0025] Also, since the propagation loss increases, a narrower beam (i.e., a larger number of beams) may be required. Furthermore, since it becomes more sensitive to PAPR and the non-linearity of the power amplifier, a larger (wider) SCS (and / or a smaller number of FFT points), a PAPR reduction mechanism, or a single-carrier waveform may be required.

[0026] To solve such problems, in this embodiment, particularly when using a band exceeding 52.6 GHz, a larger SCS (e.g., 480 kHz, 960 kHz) may be used. Furthermore, Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) may be more widely applied.

[0027] In addition, the wireless communication system 10 can support Faster-Than-Nyquist (FTN) transmission. FTN can improve the frequency utilization efficiency compared to Nyquist rate transmission by multiplexing symbols (specifically, OFDM symbols, hereinafter abbreviated as symbols as appropriate) at a rate higher than the Nyquist rate.

[0028] FTN may be applied to only one of the uplink (UL) and the downlink (DL), but it does not exclude the application of FTN to both the UL and the DL.

[0029] FTN can improve the frequency utilization efficiency by allowing inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-subcarrier interference (ICI) and multiplexing OFDM symbols at a high density. Note that the frequency utilization efficiency may be simply referred to as the utilization efficiency or may be called the spectral efficiency (SE) or the like.

[0030] FIG. 2 shows the change in the time domain in the combination of FTN and DFT-s-OFDM.

[0031] Non-orthogonal subcarriers can be expressed as follows.

[0032] · Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS) (Δf) × OFDM symbol (T) = α < 1 s Here, α is called the FTN modulation coefficient or the compression coefficient. Note that the compression coefficient may mean the time domain compression rate by FTN and may be simply called the compression rate or the like. Also, the compression coefficient does not necessarily have to mean the time domain compression rate by FTN and may be a coefficient related to a method other than FTN.

[0033] Note that the waveform of the non-orthogonal subcarrier as described above may be called a non-orthogonal waveform (NOW).

[0034] As shown in FIG. 2, when comparing before and after FTN modulation in the time domain, after FTN modulation, the symbol length of the OFDM symbol is scaled by the FTN modulation coefficient α. Also, from such a characteristic, α may be called, for example, a Squeezing factor.

[0035] Specifically, the symbol length becomes shorter than before FTN modulation, that is, compared with before FTN modulation, the OFDM symbol is compressed in the time domain. The degree of compression can be controlled by α.

[0036] Note that the time domain may also be called the time direction, etc., and the symbol length may also be called the time length of the symbol, symbol length, symbol period, or symbol time, etc.

[0037] Since FTN is applied (FTN modulation) in the time domain in this way, the non - orthogonal waveform (NOW) may be expressed as follows.

[0038] ·DFT - s - OFDM+FTN in the time domain In this case, it is desirable that the length of the cyclic prefix (CP) be set based on the compression coefficient (α) applied to the time domain of NOW. Also, in order to cancel inter - symbol interference (ISI) and inter - sub - carrier interference (ICI), it is desirable that low - complexity minimum mean square error (MMSE) - ICI cancelation FDE (frequency - domain equalization) be supported.

[0039] FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the CP and the OFDM symbol before and after FTN modulation (compression) in the time domain. Specifically, FIG. 3 shows the OFDM symbol shown in FIG. 2 in more detail.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 3, the CP length (N_CP^α) based on the compression coefficient α can be expressed as follows.

[0041] [Number]

[0042] Also, in FIG. 3, the CP length may be expressed as T U in relation to the symbol time (T CP ). T U and T CP may be expressed in units of time (e.g., microseconds).

[0043] As shown in FIG. 3, the symbol length including the CP before time-domain compression by FTN can be expressed as follows.

[0044] [Number]

[0045] Also, the symbol length including the CP after time-domain compression by FTN can be expressed as follows.

[0046] [Number]

[0047] (2) Functional Block Configuration of the Wireless Communication System Next, the functional block configuration of the wireless communication system 10 will be described. Specifically, the functional block configurations of the gNB 100 and the UE 200 will be described.

[0048] FIG. 4 is a schematic functional block configuration diagram of the gNB 100 and the UE 200. Since the gNB 100 and the UE 200 have similar schematic functional block configurations, the functional blocks of the UE 200 will be described as an example below.

[0049] As described above, in the wireless communication system 10, DFT-s-OFDM (applicable to both the downlink (DL) and the uplink (UL)), and FTN are applicable.

[0050] A limited number of RF chains can reduce SE, while FTN can improve SE by using a compressed (squeezed) waveform in the time domain.

[0051] Note that the schematic functional block diagram shown in FIG. 4 mainly shows the parts related to FTN and DFT-s-OFDM. In FIG. 4, the related functional blocks are shown by dividing into a transmission (TX) side and a reception (RX) side.

[0052] As described above, the non-orthogonal waveform (NOW) may be interpreted as being generated by a combination of DFT-s-OFDM and FTN in the time domain.

[0053] On the transmission side, since DFT-s-OFDM is used, after modulation by the selected modulation method, DFT precoding (spreading) is performed, and subcarrier mapping to symbols is executed. A subcarrier is a sine wave with a different carrier frequency, and the phase and amplitude of each subcarrier are set according to the type of symbol to be transmitted. Here, the application of FTN is considered, and concentrated mapping to low-frequency subcarriers is executed.

[0054] Thereafter, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) is executed for a plurality of symbols to output a time signal sequence. The plurality of input symbols are transmitted in parallel by individual subcarriers. Also, a cyclic prefix (CP) is added to the OFDM signal after IFFT.

[0055] Also, on the transmission side, a FTN modulation module (time domain compression module) is provided at the subsequent stage of CP addition, that is, after DFT-s-OFDM.

[0056] The FTN modulation module multiplexes OFDM symbols at a rate higher than the Nyquist rate according to FTN. Specifically, the FTN modulation module has functions such as upsampling and waveform shaping after the sampling.

[0057] The receiving side executes the reverse process of the above-described transmitting side. A frequency-domain equalization (FDE) function (MMSE-ICI cancelation FDE) based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion is implemented on the receiving side. Thereby, frequency-domain intercarrier interference based on the MMSE criterion is executed, and the bit error rate (BER) characteristics can be improved.

[0058] Specifically, the combination of DFT-s-OFDM and FTN using FDE can improve the spectral efficiency (SE) more than DFT-s-OFDM alone, while sacrificing a moderate increase in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Also, the combination of DFT-s-OFDM and FTN using FDE can achieve the same BER and SE performance as in the case of using CP-OFDM.

[0059] Also, on the receiving side, an FTN demodulation module (time-domain expansion module) is provided before the removal of the cyclic prefix (CP). The FTN demodulation module has a matched filter (coherent filter) and a downsampling function, etc.

[0060] The FTN modulation module and the FTN demodulation module transmit and receive a slot composed of a plurality of symbols (specifically, an OFDM symbol, or may be called an FTN symbol since it is after FTN). In the present embodiment, the FTN modulation module and the FTN demodulation module constitute a transceiver unit.

[0061] A slot is a range (period) in the time direction (which may also be called the time domain) included in a radio frame. In the present embodiment, 14 symbols / slot are supported, but slots including an integer multiple of 14 symbols may also be supported.

[0062] The FTN modulation module and the FTN demodulation module may transmit and receive multiple types of wireless frames having different slot patterns. Different slot patterns may mean that at least any one of the number of UL symbols, DL symbols, and flexible symbols included in the wireless frame, the symbol length, the slot boundary, or the symbol boundary is different.

[0063] The control unit shown in FIG. 4 controls each functional block constituting the transmission side and the reception side of the UE200. In particular, in the present embodiment, the control unit can set the length of the cyclic prefix (CP) added to the symbol based on the degree of compression in the time domain of the symbol (OFDM symbol).

[0064] Specifically, the control unit can set the length of the CP based on the compression coefficient α applied in the time domain. In other words, the control unit can set the compression rate applied to the time domain of the symbol (OFDM symbol).

[0065] As described above, α is a value indicating the compression rate in the time domain, and basically, it may take a value of 1.0 or less. When α = 1.0, the time domain of the OFDM symbol (including CP) is not compressed. Note that the value of α may be indicated by the reciprocal or fraction of such a value.

[0066] When α takes a value of 1.0 or less, the control unit may increase the length of the CP as the compression coefficient (α) decreases. For example, when α = 0.5, the control unit may increase the CP length compared to when α = 1.0.

[0067] Alternatively, the control unit may set the length of the CP associated with the minimum compression coefficient (α min ). Specifically, even when α takes a plurality of values less than 1.0, the control unit may set the CP length associated with the minimum α (for example, 0.5).

[0068] In addition, the control unit can also set compression coefficients associated with each of a plurality of different metrics.

[0069] The plurality of different metrics may be interpreted as metrics for the target quality. Specifically, lossless guarantee, PAPR optimization, or throughput optimization can be mentioned. Depending on the metric for the target quality, the appropriate value of α may vary.

[0070] The control unit can set the value of α according to the corresponding metric for the target. For example, when the control unit targets lossless guarantee, it can set the value of α associated with lossless guarantee. Similarly, when the control unit targets PAPR optimization, it can set the value of α associated with PAPR optimization, and when it targets throughput optimization, it can set the value of α associated with throughput optimization.

[0071] In addition, when the control unit sets the value of α according to such a corresponding metric, it may set a compression coefficient according to the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS). That is, the control unit can set the value of α according to at least one of the modulation method and the coding rate for each target metric.

[0072] Specifically, the control unit can set the value of α associated with the MCS Index. The MCS Index is defined in, for example, Section 5.1.3 of 3GPP TS38.214. The MCS Index can take values from 0 to 28. The Modulation Order (Qm, modulation method) and the Code Rate (coding rate) are defined by the value of the MCS Index.

[0073] For example, the control unit can set the values of α associated with MCS Index 0, 10, and 28. Also, the value of α associated with each MCS Index may be one or a plurality. Examples of the value of α associated with the MCS Index will be further described later.

[0074] Alternatively, when setting the value of α according to such an index, the control unit may set the compression factor based on the association between the index and the compression factor. The association may be defined for each target index (lossless guarantee, PAPR optimization, or throughput optimization).

[0075] Specifically, the control unit may determine the value of α based on a table in which an arbitrary index is associated with the value of α. The table may be configured for each target index.

[0076] The index may take values from 0 to 28, similar to the MCS Index. That is, an existing table of MCS Index (Chapter 5.1.3 of 3GPP TS38.214) may be reused to configure a table in which an arbitrary index is associated with the value of α.

[0077] Also, when setting the value of α according to such an index, the control unit may set the value of α, that is, the compression factor, based on the signaling in the upper layer from the network.

[0078] Specifically, the control unit can set the value of α based on the signaling in the radio resource control layer (RRC). More specifically, for each target index or RRC parameters (which may be interpreted as information elements (IEs)) common to a plurality of indexes may be used. Examples of such parameters will be described later.

[0079] Note that the UE200 supports processing related to the defined reference signals, control signals, control channels, and data channels in order to perform wireless communication according to NR.

[0080] For example, UE200 executes processing using reference signals (RS) such as Demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS).

[0081] DMRS is a reference signal (pilot signal) known between the base station and the terminal for each terminal to estimate the fading channel used for data demodulation. PTRS is a reference signal for each terminal for the purpose of estimating phase noise, which is a problem in high frequency bands.

[0082] Note that the reference signals include, in addition to DMRS and PTRS, Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).

[0083] Also, UE200 transmits and receives control signals such as RRC via a control channel.

[0084] The channels include a control channel and a data channel. The control channels include Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), and Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH).

[0085] Also, the data channels include Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PUSCH). Data may mean data transmitted via the data channel.

[0086] Also, the UE 200 performs transmission and reception of Protocol Data Unit (PDU) and Service Data Unit (SDU). Specifically, the UE 200 performs assembly / disassembly of PDU / SDU in a plurality of layers (such as Media Access Control layer (MAC), Radio Link Control layer (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer (PDCP)).

[0087] (3) Operation of the wireless communication system Next, the operation of the wireless communication system 10 will be described. Specifically, the operation of the gNB 100 and the UE 200 to perform compression in the time domain of OFDM symbols by FTN and set the CP length based on the degree of the compression, and the operation of setting the compression coefficient (α) associated with the target quality index (lossless guarantee, PAPR optimization, or throughput optimization) will be described.

[0088] Note that hereinafter, the operation of the UE 200 will be described as an example.

[0089] (3.1) Premise In 5G Evolution or 6G, etc., the use of wide bandwidth in high frequency bands is assumed. As described above, FTN combined with DFT-s-OFDM can achieve high spectral efficiency (SE) and power efficiency (PE).

[0090] However, when simply combining FTN and DFT-s-OFDM, the processing becomes extremely complex. Therefore, in order to reduce complexity and achieve high SE and PE, in this embodiment, a non-orthogonal waveform (NOW), which is a combination of DFT-s-OFDM and FTN in the time domain, is used. NOW is applicable to DL and / or UL.

[0091] To support NOW with reduced complexity, it is desirable that the CP length be set based on parameters related to NOW, specifically, the compression factor (α). Also, it is desirable that the compression factor (α) be set according to different target quality metrics.

[0092] Figure 5 shows a configuration example of a normal CP and an OFDM symbol to which FTN is not applied in the time domain. Generally, the CP is used to eliminate ISI generated by delay due to multipath. The CP length is determined based on the FFT size, SCS, and the index of the OFDM symbol. Note that Extended CP is supported only at an SCS of 60 kHz.

[0093] The CP length can be expressed as follows.

[0094]

Equation

[0095] In Figure 5, a configuration example of the CP and the OFDM symbol is shown for the case where SCS Δf = 30 kHz and FFT size N_f = 2048. The "I" in N_CP, I^μ means the OFDM symbol index. l can take values from 0 to 27.

[0096] As shown in Figure 5, when the OFDM symbol index (l) = 0 or 14, the CP length becomes 160 samples. Also, when the OFDM symbol index (l) ≠ 0 or 14, the CP length becomes 144 samples.

[0097] In 3GPP Release-15, 16 (NR), the use of orthogonal waveforms is assumed, and NOW is not supported. Below, the setting operation of the CP length based on the compression ratio of the OFDM symbol (which may be read as a slot) in the time domain, and the setting operation of the compression factor (α) according to different target quality metrics will be described.

[0098] (3.2) Operation summary Operation example 1 relates to the setting of the CP length based on the compression ratio in the time domain of the OFDM symbol while using NOW.

[0099] Also, operation example 2 relates to the setting of the compression coefficient (α) according to different target quality indicators.

[0100] Specifically, operation example 1 and operation example 2 are configured as follows.

[0101] (Operation example 1) (Operation example 1-1): The CP length is set based on the compression coefficient (α) in addition to the FFT size, SCS, and (time domain) OFDM symbol index.

[0102] (Operation example 1-2): CP length setting operation (Operation example 1-2-1): Setting of the CP length by the compression coefficient (α) (Operation example 1-2-2): Setting of the individual CP length by the RRC layer (Operation example 2) (Operation example 2-1): Definition of a new table including different target quality indicators (Operation example 2-2): Definition of a new table for each different target quality indicator (Operation example 2-3): Setting of the value of α using the parameters of the RRC layer By such operation example 1 or operation example 2, a receiving device (UE or gNB) that can cancel ISI and ICI and reduce complexity can be configured. Also, higher SE and PE can be achieved compared to the case of using orthogonal waveforms.

[0103] Note that the content of Section 5.3.1 of 3GPP TS38.211 that defines the CP length may be reviewed. For example, a new table regarding the compression coefficient (α) may be defined. Also, new signaling in the RRC layer or the like may be defined.

[0104] (3.3) Operation example 1 In this operation example, the CP length is set based on the compression factor (α). In the case of NOW, CP has the following two functions.

[0105] · Eliminate ISI generated by multipath delay.

[0106] · Eliminate ISI caused by time-domain compression of FTN (a new function unique to NOW).

[0107] (3.3.1) Operation Example 1-1 In this operation example, the CP length is set based on the FFT size, SCS, and (time-domain) OFDM symbol index, as well as the compression factor (α). When α = 1, there may be an option to consider the influence of the pulse shaping filter in setting the CP length.

[0108] Specifically, the following Options 1 and 2 are available.

[0109] (Option 1): Setting of CP length considering the influence of the pulse shaping filter In this case, the CP length can be calculated as follows.

[0110]

Equation

[0111] (Option 2): Setting of CP length without considering the influence of the pulse shaping filter In this case, the CP length can be calculated as follows.

[0112]

Equation

[0113] Figure 6 shows a basic configuration example of CP and OFDM symbols according to Operation Example 1-1. Also, in this operation example, the CP length can be expressed as follows.

[0114]

Number

[0115] Here, L = 0, 2, …, 2n may represent the lengths trimmed from both sides before and after the pulse shaping filter of NOW.

[0116] Also, in 5G Evolution or 6G, since larger SCS may be supported, larger SCS (μ) may be provided.

[0117] FIG. 7 shows a configuration example of CP and OFDM symbols according to Operation Example 1-1 (α = 1, Option 1). Further, FIG. 8 shows a configuration example of CP and OFDM symbols according to Operation Example 1-1 (α = 1, Option 2).

[0118] In FIGS. 7 and 8, SCS Δf = 30 kHz and FFT size N_f = 2048, and a configuration example in the case where the length L = 10 trimmed from both sides before and after the pulse shaping filter of NOW is shown. As a mathematical formula, it can be expressed as follows.

[0119]

Number

[0120] As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the CP lengths are different between Option 1 and Option 2. Specifically, the CP length of Option 1 is longer than that of Option 2.

[0121] FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of CP and OFDM symbols according to Operation Example 1-1 (α = 0.8). Further, FIG. 10 shows a configuration example of CP and OFDM symbols according to Operation Example 1-1 (α = 0.5). Note that the SCS and FFT size, etc. are under the same conditions as the configuration examples shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

[0122] 9 and 10, the CP length may be longer as the value of α becomes smaller (i.e., the compression ratio becomes higher). Specifically, the CP length when α=0.5 is longer than the CP length when α=0.8.

[0123] (3.3.2) Example 1-2 In this operation example, the CP length is set by implicit or explicit notification. Specifically, the CP length may be set implicitly according to a compression factor (α) (operation example 1-2-1). In this case, α may be a fixed value predefined in the 3GPP specifications, or may be set using RRC or downlink control information (DCI).

[0124] Alternatively, the CP length may be explicitly set using RRC (operation example 1-2-2). In this case, the following options may be set.

[0125] (Option 1): The CP length is the minimum compression factor α min It is set using RRC based on In this case, α min To indicate this, a new RRC parameter (which may be an information element (IE) or a field constituting an IE), for example, NOW-minCompressionFactor, may be introduced.

[0126] In addition, α min Only one α may be set, or multiple α may be set. min If only one is set, then all α may belong to the same set.

[0127] On the other hand, α min If multiple α are set and multiple α belong to different sets, the α corresponding to each set is min Alternatively, if α belongs to one of a plurality of sets, the α corresponding to that set may be set as min may also be used.

[0128] (Option 2): The CP length is set using RRC based on the compression factor α In this case, in order to indicate α, a new RRC parameter (which may be an information element (IE) or a field constituting the IE), for example, NOW-CompressionFactor may be introduced.

[0129] FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11C show a configuration example (Part 1) of CP and OFDM symbols according to Operation Example 1-2-2. FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11C respectively correspond to α = 1, 0.8, 0.5. FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11C correspond to Option 1 described above, and show a configuration example in the case where only one α min is set.

[0130] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11C, the values of α = 1, 0.8, 0.5 can be taken. Among these, the minimum α, that is, α = 0.5 is set as α min ({α = 1, 0.8, 0.5} ∈ α min = 0.5). Therefore, as a result, all α = 0.5 is applied and the same CP length is set.

[0131] FIGS. 12A, 12B and 12C show a configuration example (Part 2) of CP and OFDM symbols according to Operation Example 1-2-2. FIGS. 12A, 12B and 12C respectively correspond to α = 1, 0.8, 0.5. FIGS. 12A, 12B and 12C also correspond to Option 1 described above, and show a configuration example in the case where a plurality of α min are set.

[0132] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 12A, 12B and 12C, the values of α = 1, 0.8, 0.5 can be taken. Among these, the two smaller αs are set as α min1 and α min2 ({α = 1, 0.8} ∈ α min1 = 0.8; {α = 0.5} ∈ α min2 = 0.5). Therefore, for α = 1 (FIG. 12A), α min1 = 0.8 is applied.

[0133] Note that, also in this operation example, the SCS, FFT size, etc. are the same as those in the configuration example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

[0134] (3.4) Operation Example 2 In this operation example, a compression coefficient (α) corresponding to different quality indicators to be targeted is set. Specifically, as described above, α corresponding to the indicators of lossless guarantee, PAPR optimization, or throughput optimization is set.

[0135] Note that ensuring lossless may be interpreted as achieving time-domain compression while preventing the occurrence of portions cut by a pulse shaping filter. Also, from the perspective of UE200, since it is desirable to have a low PAPR, PAPR optimization may be interpreted as reducing the PAPR.

[0136] Throughput optimization may be interpreted as improving the throughput (transmission speed) by setting a smaller α while ensuring a low BER.

[0137] FIG. 13 shows an example of a combination of target indicators, MCS, and compression coefficient (α) according to Operation Example 2. As shown in FIG. 13, the calculation method of α may differ for each target quality indicator.

[0138] Also, the calculation method of α may differ according to the MCS, specifically, the modulation method (QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM) and / or the level of the Code Rate (CR).

[0139] (3.4.1) Operation Example 2-1 In this operation example, a new table including different quality indicators to be targeted is defined. FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 show examples of tables of the compression coefficient (α) according to Operation Example 2-1. Specifically, the tables shown in FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 respectively correspond to MCS 0, 10, 28 (MCS Index).

[0140] As shown in FIGS. 14, 15, and 16, a table associated with the MCS Index and defining a plurality of different values of α may be used. Also, depending on the MCS, different values of α may be set according to the metrics of lossless guarantee, PAPR optimization, or throughput optimization. Further, values of α other than those for the said metrics (such as 0.9, 0.8, 0.75) may be set.

[0141] Also, to notify the compression factor (α), a new field (e.g., CompressionFactor scaling) may be provided in the DCI.

[0142] (3.4.2) Operation Example 2-2 In this operation example, a new table is defined for each of the different quality metrics as the target. FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 show examples of the table of the compression factor (α) according to Operation Example 2-2. Specifically, the tables shown in FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 respectively correspond to lossless guarantee, PAPR optimization, or throughput optimization.

[0143] As shown in FIGS. 17, 18, and 19, a table associated with the target metric and defining a plurality of different values of α may be used.

[0144] Also, to notify the compression factor (α) for each target metric, a new field (e.g., CompressionFactorLossless scaling, CompressionFactorPapr scaling, CompressionFactorThroughput scaling) may be provided in the DCI.

[0145] (3.4.3) Operation Example 2-3 In this operation example, the value of α is set using the parameters of the RRC layer. Specifically, the following options may be set.

[0146] (Option 1): A new parameter of the RRC layer (e.g., NOW-CompressionFactorSet) is introduced, and one value of α is indicated for the target metric.

[0147] In this case, if the parameter is not set, UE200 may assume a default value (e.g., 1).

[0148] (Option 2): Three new parameters of the RRC layer (e.g., NOW-CompressionFactorLosslessSet, NOW-CompressionFactorPaprSet, NOW-CompressionFactorThroughputSet) are introduced, and three values of α are indicated according to the target metric.

[0149] Also in this case, if the parameter is not set, UE200 may assume a default value (e.g., 1).

[0150] (4) Function and Effect According to the above-described embodiment, the following function and effect can be obtained. Specifically, UE200 can set the length of the cyclic prefix (CP) added to the symbol based on the degree of compression in the time domain of the symbol (OFDM symbol).

[0151] Therefore, even when FTN in the time domain and DFT-s-OFDM are combined, an appropriate CP can be set according to the degree of compression.

[0152] In this embodiment, UE200 can set the CP length based on the compression coefficient α applied in the time domain. Therefore, an appropriate CP length can be quickly and easily set according to the compression rate in the time domain by FTN or the like.

[0153] In this embodiment, the UE 200 can increase the CP length as the compression factor (α) decreases. Therefore, even when the compression rate in the time domain is high, stable symbol reception can be continued.

[0154] In this embodiment, the UE 200 can set the CP length associated with the minimum compression factor (α min ). Therefore, even when multiple α values are used, symbol reception can be more reliably continued.

[0155] Also, the UE 200 can set the compression factor associated with each of a plurality of different target metrics (lossless guarantee, PAPR optimization, or throughput optimization).

[0156] Therefore, an appropriate compression rate in the time domain can be set according to the metric to be optimized.

[0157] In this embodiment, the UE 200 can set the value of α according to at least one of the modulation method and the coding rate for each target metric. Therefore, an appropriate compression factor (α) can be set according to the combination of the target metric and the MCS.

[0158] In this embodiment, when the UE 200 sets the value of α according to such a metric, the compression factor can be set based on the association between an arbitrary index or an index similar to the MCS Index and the compression factor. Therefore, for example, the compression factor can be flexibly set while following a configuration similar to the MCS Index.

[0159] In this embodiment, when the UE 200 sets the value of α according to such a metric, the value of α, that is, the compression factor, can be set based on signaling in the upper layer (such as RRC) from the network. Therefore, an appropriate value of α can be set under network control.

[0160] (5) Other Embodiments Although the embodiments have been described above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments, and various modifications and improvements are possible.

[0161] For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the compression coefficient in the time domain changes due to FTN has been described. However, such a compression coefficient in the time domain does not necessarily have to be based on FTN. That is, regardless of the modulation method such as FTN, the compression coefficient (compression ratio) in the time domain may simply be defined.

[0162] In the above-described embodiment, an example in which FTN in the time domain and DFT-s-OFDM are combined has been described. However, such a combination is not necessarily essential.

[0163] In addition, the block diagrams (FIG. 4) used in the description of the above-described embodiments show blocks of functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Also, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one physically or logically combined device, or two or more physically or logically separated devices may be directly or indirectly (for example, using wired, wireless, etc.) connected and realized using these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the above one device or the above multiple devices.

[0164] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision-making, determination, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, solution, selection, selection determination, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regarded as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), assigning, etc. For example, a functional block (component) that enables transmission is referred to as a transmitting unit or a transmitter. As described above, the implementation method is not particularly limited.

[0165] Furthermore, the above-described UE200 may function as a computer that performs the processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the UE200. As shown in FIG. 20, the UE200 may be configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007, etc.

[0166] In the following description, the term "device" can be read as a circuit, device, unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the device may be configured to include one or more of each device shown in the figure, or may be configured without including some devices.

[0167] Each functional block of the UE200 (see FIG. 4) is realized by any hardware element of the computer device or a combination of the hardware elements.

[0168] In addition, each function in the UE200 is realized by causing a processor 1001 to perform operations and control communication by a communication device 1004, or by controlling at least one of reading and writing data in a memory 1002 and a storage 1003, by loading a predetermined software (program) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002.

[0169] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by operating an operating system, for example. The processor 1001 may be constituted by a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with a peripheral device, a control device, an arithmetic device, a register, and the like.

[0170] In addition, the processor 1001 reads a program (program code), a software module, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes according to these. As the program, a program for causing a computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiments is used. Further, the above various processes may be executed by one processor 1001, or may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. Note that the program may be transmitted from a network via a telecommunication line.

[0171] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store a program (program code), a software module, etc. that can execute the method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0172] The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, an optical disc such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-described recording medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate media including at least one of the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0173] The communication device 1004 is hardware (a transmission / reception device) for performing communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc.

[0174] The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. in order to implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD).

[0175] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives an external input. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that performs an external output. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may have an integrated configuration (for example, a touch panel).

[0176] Also, each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus or may be configured using different buses for each device.

[0177] Furthermore, the device may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), etc., and some or all of each functional block may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0178] In addition, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and other methods may be used. For example, the notification of information may be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or a combination thereof. Also, RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc.

[0179] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of a system using Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), other suitable systems, and a next-generation system extended based thereon. Also, a plurality of systems may be combined (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A and 5G) and applied.

[0180] The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged as long as there is no contradiction. For example, regarding the methods described in this disclosure, the elements of various steps are presented using an exemplary order and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0181] Specific operations assumed to be performed by a base station in this disclosure may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal can clearly be performed by at least one of the base station and other network nodes other than the base station (for example, but not limited to, an MME or an S-GW, etc.). Although the case where there is one other network node other than the base station is exemplified above, a combination of a plurality of other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW) may also be possible.

[0182] Information, signals (such as information) can be output from an upper layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or an upper layer). They may also be input and output via a plurality of network nodes.

[0183] The input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, a memory) or may be managed using a management table. The input and output information can be overwritten, updated, or appended. The output information may be deleted. The input information may be transmitted to other devices.

[0184] The determination may be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), may be made by a Boolean value (true or false), or may be made by a numerical comparison (for example, comparison with a predetermined value).

[0185] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched and used during execution. Further, notification of predetermined information (for example, notification of "being X") is not limited to being explicitly performed, and may be performed implicitly (for example, by not performing notification of the predetermined information).

[0186] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc., whether called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, a hardware description language, or by any other name.

[0187] Also, software, instructions, information, etc. may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of the transmission medium.

[0188] The information, signals, etc. described in the present disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be referred to throughout the above description, may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0189] In addition, with regard to the terms described in the present disclosure and the terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure, they may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, a signal may be a message. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be referred to as a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, or the like.

[0190] The terms "system" and "network" used in the present disclosure are used interchangeably.

[0191] Also, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be represented using absolute values, relative values from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0192] The names used for the above-described parameters are not limiting names in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas, etc. using these parameters may be different from those explicitly disclosed in the present disclosure. Since various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable names, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any way.

[0193] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", "component carrier" can be used interchangeably. The base station may be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0194] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When the base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also provide communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head: RRH)).

[0195] The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the whole of the coverage area of at least one of the base station and the base station subsystem that provides communication services within this coverage.

[0196] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "User Equipment (UE)", "terminal" can be used interchangeably.

[0197] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable term.

[0198] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving body, the moving body itself, etc. The moving body may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), a moving body that moves unmanned (e.g., a drone, a self-driving vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanoid or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move during communication operation. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0199] Also, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a mobile station (user terminal, the same hereinafter). For example, for a configuration in which communication between the base station and the mobile station is replaced with communication between a plurality of mobile stations (which may be referred to as, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.), each aspect / embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied. In this case, the functions of the base station may be configured as those of the mobile station. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "side"). For example, an uplink channel, a downlink channel, etc. may be read as a side channel.

[0200] Similarly, the mobile station in the present disclosure may be read as a base station. In this case, the functions of the mobile station may be configured as those of the base station. The wireless frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. The subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. The subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that does not depend on numerology.

[0201] Numerology may be communication parameters applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a certain signal or channel. Numerology may indicate, for example, at least one of subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, wireless frame configuration, specific filtering processing performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing processing performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.

[0202] The slot may be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) in the time domain. The slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0203] The slot may include a plurality of mini-slots. Each mini-slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain. Also, the mini-slot may be called a sub-slot. The mini-slot may be composed of a smaller number of symbols than the slot. The PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than the mini-slot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. The PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using the mini-slot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0204] The radio frame, sub-frame, slot, mini-slot, and symbol all represent time units when transmitting signals. Different names corresponding to each of them may also be used.

[0205] For example, one sub-frame may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), or a plurality of consecutive sub-frames may be called a TTI, or one slot or one mini-slot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the sub-frame and the TTI may be the sub-frame (1 ms) in the existing LTE, or a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1 - 13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, a mini-slot, etc. instead of a sub-frame.

[0206] Here, the TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit of scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in the LTE system, the base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used in each user terminal) to each user terminal in units of TTI. Note that the definition of the TTI is not limited to this.

[0207] The TTI may be a transmission time unit such as a channel-coded data packet (transport block), a code block, a codeword, etc., or may be a processing unit such as scheduling or link adaptation. When the TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) in which a transport block, a code block, a codeword, etc. are actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0208] Note that when one slot or one mini-slot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (mini-slot numbers) constituting the minimum time unit for the scheduling may be controlled.

[0209] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI (TTI in LTE Rel.8-12), a normal TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a normal subframe, a long subframe, a slot, etc. A TTI shorter than the normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini-slot, a sub-slot, a slot, etc.

[0210] Note that the long TTI (e.g., the normal TTI, subframe, etc.) may be read as a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms, or the short TTI (e.g., the shortened TTI, etc.) may be read as a TTI having a TTI length less than that of the long TTI and not less than 1 ms.

[0211] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may include one or a plurality of consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers included in the RB may be the same regardless of the numerology, for example, it may be 12. The number of subcarriers included in the RB may be determined based on the numerology.

[0212] Also, the time domain of the RB may include one or more symbols, and may be the length of 1 slot, 1 mini-slot, 1 sub-frame, or 1 TTI. 1 TTI, 1 sub-frame, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0213] Note that one or more RBs may be referred to as Physical Resource Block (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

[0214] Also, the resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (RE). For example, 1 RE may be a radio resource area of 1 sub-carrier and 1 symbol.

[0215] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be called partial bandwidth, etc.) may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (common RBs) for a certain numerology in a certain carrier. Here, the common RB may be specified by the index of the RB based on the common reference point of the carrier. The PRB is defined in a certain BWP and may be numbered within the BWP.

[0216] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL (DL BWP). For a UE, one or more BWPs may be set within one carrier.

[0217] At least one of the set BWPs may be active, and the UE may not be assumed to transmit and receive a predetermined signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that "cell", "carrier", etc. in the present disclosure may be read as "BWP".

[0218] The structures such as the above-described radio frames, sub-frames, slots, mini-slots, and symbols are merely examples. For example, the number of sub-frames included in a radio frame, the number of slots per sub-frame or radio frame, the number of mini-slots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or mini-slot, the number of sub-carriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, Cyclic Prefix (CP) length, etc. within a TTI can be variously changed.

[0219] The terms "connected" and "coupled", or any variations thereof, mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and can include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "accessed". As used in this disclosure, two elements can be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using at least one of one or more electric wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and also, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency region, microwave region, and optical (both visible and invisible) region.

[0220] The reference signal can also be abbreviated as Reference Signal (RS) and may be called a Pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0221] As used in this disclosure, the description "based on" does not mean "based only on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the description "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on".

[0222] In the configurations of each of the above-described apparatuses, the “means” may be replaced with “section”, “circuit”, “device”, etc.

[0223] Any reference in this disclosure to elements using terms such as “first”, “second”, etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These terms may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not mean that only two elements can be employed there, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0224] In this disclosure, when terms such as “include”, “including” and their variants are used, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term “comprising”. Further, the term “or” used in this disclosure is not intended to be an exclusive disjunction.

[0225] In this disclosure, for example, when articles are added by translation, as in the case of a, an and the in English, this disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0226] As used herein, the terms "determining" and "determination" may encompass a wide variety of operations. "Determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining that something has been "determined". "Determining" may also include considering something to have been "determined" based on receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., transmitting information), inputting, outputting, or accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). "Determining" may further include considering something to have been "determined" based on resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing. That is, "determining" may include considering that some operation has been "determined". Also, "determining" may be read as "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

[0227] As used herein, the term "A is different from B" may mean that "A and B are different from each other". Additionally, the term may mean that "A and B are each different from C". Terms such as "separated" and "coupled" may be interpreted in a similar manner to "different".

[0228] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be implemented as modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and has no restrictive meaning for the present disclosure.

Explanation of Signs

[0229] 10 Wireless communication system 20 NG-RAN 100 gNB 200 UE 1001 Processor 1002 Memory 1003 Storage 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 1007 Bus

Claims

[Claim 1] a transmitting / receiving unit for transmitting and receiving a slot constituted by a plurality of symbols; a control unit for setting a compression factor to be applied to the time domain of the symbol based on downlink control information; Equipped with A plurality of different compression factors are defined, each of which corresponds to a target index; A terminal, wherein the downlink control information includes a field for notifying the compression coefficient for each of the target indicators.

Images