Alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, fermentation liquid fertilizer, and fermentation liquid livestock feed

Abstract

To obtain and achieve effective utilization of a fermentation liquid fertilizer or a fermentation liquid livestock feed from a seaweed-derived waste which has been disposed of conventionally by low-cost fermentation treatment in a short period.SOLUTION: An alkaline fermentation treatment method for a seaweed-derived waste is characterized by that a seaweed-derived waste is put in a dilution water of a thermophilic bacterial group and is allowed for fermentation decomposition by a standing method in an alkali area of pH 7-9 by using a strong alkaline material. Also, a fermentation liquid fertilizer or a fermentation liquid livestock feed by the alkaline fermentation treatment method is obtained.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an alkali fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, a fermented liquid fertilizer, and a fermented liquid animal feed.

Background Art

[0002] The thermophilic bacterial group is a symbiotically mixed culture mainly using the thermophilic actinomycete Thermoactinomyces SK 053 sp.nov. (Deposit number FERM P-13598, Institute of Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology) and the thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum SK522 (FERM BP-3459), and has a wide growth pH range and strong activity even in the alkaline region. Here, the thermophilic actinomycete Thermoactinomyces SK 053 sp.nov. belongs to the genus Thermoactinomyces, has the ability to grow in a temperature range of 10 to 85°C and a wide pH range of pH 5.3 to 10.8, and has the ability to solubilize lignin and decompose cellulose. In addition, the thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum SK522 belongs to the genus Clostridium, grows in a temperature range of 40 to 80°C and pH 6 to 9.5, has the ability to solubilize lignin, and is a thermophilic cellulolytic bacterium that vigorously decomposes cellulose.

[0003] Since seaweed-derived waste is rich in minerals, amino acids, vitamins, etc., effective utilization as high-quality feed, fertilizer, etc. has been desired. However, most seaweed-derived waste has not been effectively utilized to date because it has more than 87% moisture, spoils quickly, and the harvesting periods overlap at one time.

[0004] Although it can be used as feed after drying and pulverization, due to its high moisture content, a dedicated plant for drying and pulverization is required, and the energy of the heat source also incurs running costs, resulting in expensive feed, so it has not been realized.

[0005] As for waste treatment, it has been treated by incineration. However, since it contains a large amount of water and is salt water, the furnace of the incineration facility is damaged and avoided, and landfill treatment is also carried out. In any case, it requires a high treatment cost.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] Although the effective utilization of seaweed-derived wastes such as seaweed and kelp has been considered for a long time, due to the high water content and the rapid abnormal decomposition such as spoilage at the start of treatment, there has been no easy way to effectively utilize them.

[0008] In addition, most seaweeds have limited harvesting seasons, and a large amount of seaweed-derived waste is generated in a short period of time, which cannot be easily processed and has sometimes caused social problems such as illegal dumping.

[0009] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to ferment seaweed-derived waste at low cost in a short period of time and make it into fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed for effective utilization.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0010] The present inventors culture seaweed-derived waste as a culture by the following alkaline fermentation treatment method, which has been conventionally considered difficult to effectively utilize by fermentation treatment, and effectively utilize it as fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed.

[0011] One of the methods for treating seaweed-derived waste is to put seaweed-derived waste into diluted water of thermophilic bacteria groups and further use a strong alkaline substance in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9 and use the static method produced by fermentation decomposition to obtain a culture, characterized in that it is an alkali fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste treatment method.

[0012] Another method for treating seaweed-derived waste is to put seaweed-derived waste into the dilution water of thermophilic bacteria groups, and further use a strong alkaline substance to generate it into a culture for inoculum in the alkaline region of pH 7-9 by fermentation decomposition using the static method. The alkali fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste is characterized in that seaweed-derived waste is put into the dilution water of the mixture of the culture for inoculum and thermophilic bacteria groups, and a culture produced by fermentation decomposition using the static method in the alkaline region of pH 7-9 is obtained by further using a strong alkaline substance.

[0013] By the alkali fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste according to claim 1 or claim 2, a fermented liquid fertilizer composed of a culture obtained by fermenting seaweed-derived waste.

[0014] By the alkali fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste according to claim 1 or claim 2, a fermented liquid feed composed of a culture obtained by fermenting seaweed-derived waste.

Effect of the Invention

[0015] It can be effectively used in fermented liquid fertilizers and fermented liquid feeds according to the present invention.

[0016] Although the effective utilization of seaweed-derived waste such as wakame and kelp has been considered since before, due to the large water content, rapid abnormal decomposition from harvesting to spoilage, and the limited harvesting period of most seaweeds, a large amount of seaweed-derived waste is generated in a short period and it is difficult to process easily. Therefore, it has been treated as waste in large quantities until now, but it can be effectively used in fermented liquid fertilizers and fermented liquid feeds according to the present invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0018] One of the embodiments of the invention is an alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, which is characterized in that the seaweed-derived waste is put into 50-fold diluted water of thermophilic bacteria group, and further fermented and decomposed by the static method in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9 using sodium hydroxide, which is a strong alkaline substance.

[0019] The second of the embodiments of the invention is to obtain a culture produced by putting seaweed-derived waste into 50-fold diluted water of thermophilic bacteria group, and further fermenting and decomposing it by the static method in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9 using a strong alkaline substance. Then, the seaweed-derived waste is put into 50-fold diluted water using this culture as an inoculum, and further fermented and decomposed by the static method in an alkaline region of pH 7 to 9 using a strong alkaline substance to obtain a culture. This is an alkaline fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste.

[0020] The third of the embodiments of the invention is to remove foreign substances, sediments, etc. from the culture produced by fermenting seaweed-derived waste by any of the alkaline fermentation treatment methods described in the above-mentioned first and second, and effectively utilize it as a fermented liquid fertilizer or a fermented liquid feed.

[0021] The components of kelp waste are (per 100 g): moisture 89.0 g, protein, lipid 0.2 g, carbohydrate 5.6 g, ash 3.3 g (breakdown: salt content 1.8 g, sodium 450 mg, potassium 570 mg, calcium 220 mg, magnesium 78 mg, iron 23 mg). (From the food standard analysis table)

[0022] According to the measurement of enzyme activity by apizyme of the culture produced by the alkaline fermentation treatment method of kelp waste of the present invention, enzyme activities such as protease and cellulase were recognized, and the result of fiber decomposition of kelp waste was recognized.

[0023] The culture for inoculum generated by the second method for treating seaweed-derived waste of the present invention has a larger number of bacteria than the thermophilic bacterial group but forms a different bacterial flora. Therefore, by simultaneously adding 25 to 50% by weight of the thermophilic bacterial group to the culture for inoculum, efficient fermentation decomposition can be achieved. (Hereinafter, the mixture of the thermophilic bacterial group and the culture is referred to as an alkalo-tolerant microorganism.) The culture for inoculum is stored in a sealed state in a poly container at a cool and dark place at pH 8.5 to pH 9.5. (The storage period is within 1 year.)

[0024] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and Graph 1, an embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking an example using the wakame waste d. The wakame waste d is a by-product generated during the harvest of wakame, and is the leaf part that looks bad and cannot be commercialized, the hard part of the core that cannot be made into food, or the root part. First, an aqueous solution obtained by diluting an alkalo-tolerant microorganism c, which is 1.4 times the weight of the wakame waste d, 50-fold is put into the fermentation tank a, and the wakame waste d is further put in to be in a soaked state. Next, while stirring well using the paddle b, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution e is added to adjust the pH to 9. Thereafter, after stirring once a day, the pH is measured, and if the pH is 7 or lower, the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution e is added to adjust the pH to 9. This operation is repeated until the pH no longer decreases. At this time, the progress of fermentation can be well understood from the decrease in solids such as wakame waste and the way the pH decreases. When the fermentation ends, the pH no longer decreases, so this is used as a criterion for the end of fermentation decomposition by the alkali fermentation treatment method.

[0025] The change in the fermentation pH of the wakame waste starting from March 17, 2021 is shown in Graph 1. The wakame waste d was charged into the fermentation tank shown in FIG. 1 according to the alkali fermentation treatment by the stationary method of the present invention, and after stirring once a day, when the pH was measured and the pH was 7 or lower, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution e was added to adjust the pH to 9. When this operation was repeated, it was confirmed that the pH no longer decreased since April 21, and the fermentation ended on May 3. It is desirable to end the fermentation after 10 days or more have passed since it was confirmed that the pH no longer decreases. (As shown in the table, the pH hardly decreased after April 21.) Note that since the rate of decrease in pH varies depending on the liquid temperature, the fermentation status is judged solely by the pH situation and the rate of decrease in the Undaria root residue. At the end of fermentation, only a very small amount of Undaria residue individuals can be found, and starch as seen in liquid fermentation is generated.

[0026] (Table 1) TIFF2025098069000002.tif103158

[0027] In the alkaline fermentation treatment method of the present invention, if fermentation is attempted in the region where pH is 7 or less, various bacteria such as mold, bacteria, and yeast will multiply abundantly and tend to rot. At this time, if it rots during the fermentation treatment, it will drop rapidly to about pH 4, so attention must be paid. However, under the conditions of this alkaline fermentation treatment if charged at pH 7 to pH 9, it will not lead to rot without deterioration of conditions beyond expectation. Also, if fermentation is attempted in the region where pH is 9 or more, the fiber of the Undaria waste d will be decomposed by alkali, so useful substances such as amino acids and minerals decomposed by microorganisms in the culture will decrease, and the efficacy as fertilizer / feed will decline.

[0028] Regarding utilization as fermented liquid fertilizer or fermented liquid feed, the starch generated in liquid fermentation is also said to be a mass of microorganisms, but considering the case where foreign substances or other insoluble substances are also included, it is filtered by a mesh net. Since starch is made up of very fine particles, it often clogs the mesh. Therefore, if the filtration area is widened and carried out in the liquid so that the mesh is not easily subjected to water pressure, filtration can be carried out relatively smoothly. Regarding fermented liquid fertilizer, it is better to remove the starch so as not to clog the fine parts of the pipeline or equipment for spraying, etc., but regarding fermented liquid feed, it is considered better to leave the starch.

[0029] Fermentation decomposition by the static method means that, without aeration, the mixture is stirred once a day with a paddle b or the like and then left standing for fermentation decomposition. For example, in a fermentation tank, diluted water of a thermophilic bacterial group c is added to the wakame waste d used this time and immersed. Next, while stirring well with the paddle b, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution e is added to adjust the pH to 9, and the fermentation broth in the fermentation tank is left standing. Thereafter, the pH is measured after stirring once a day with the paddle b, and when the pH becomes 7 or less, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution e is added to adjust the pH to 9. When the pH is 7 or more, the fermentation broth is left standing without stirring with the paddle b. This operation is repeated until the pH no longer decreases to promote fermentation. In this way, the method of temporarily stirring to mix sodium hydroxide and the fermentation broth and to make the pH of the fermentation broth uniform and then leaving it standing to proceed with fermentation decomposition is defined as fermentation decomposition by the static method.

[0030] When implementing the alkali fermentation treatment method for seaweed-derived waste, doubling the inoculation amount of alkaliphilic microorganisms to the wakame waste d or fermenting at a liquid temperature of 60 °C at the beginning of charging can suppress the growth of harmful toxic filamentous fungi and bacteria and obtain more expensive fermented liquid fertilizers and fermented liquid feeds.

[0031] Regarding the fermented liquid fertilizer produced by the present invention, by diluting the culture produced by the alkali fermentation treatment method 100 to 500 times with water and applying it by irrigation or foliar spraying to crops, fruit trees, foliage plants, etc. in fields and protected horticulture, it is possible to exert the effects of alleviating continuous cropping obstacles and promoting rooting and enhancing the tree vigor.

[0032] Similarly, regarding the fermented liquid feed, by adding the diluted water of the culture produced by the alkali fermentation treatment method to livestock feed and drinking water, it is expected to adjust the balance of intestinal bacteria and increase immunity like a live bacteria preparation.

Industrial Applicability

[0033] If a method for treating kelp waste can be established, significant economic effects can be expected because the effective utilization of what was previously discarded becomes possible. In addition, not only kelp waste but also the effective utilization of waste derived from unused seaweeds such as kombu will become possible.

Explanation of Symbols

[0034] a fermentation tank b oar c diluted water of alkaliphilic microorganisms d kelp waste e aqueous sodium hydroxide solution

Claims

1. A fermented liquid fertilizer made from a culture obtained by fermenting seaweed-derived waste.

2. Fermented liquid feed consisting of a culture made by fermenting seaweed-derived waste.

Images