Fireproof wooden framework structure

Abstract

To provide a fireproof wooden framework structure in which wooden panels can be visibly used, in regard to fireproof wooden framework structures built into wooden panel structures as load-bearing walls.SOLUTION: A fireproof wooden framework structure 100 has a wood panel 40 attached to a framework 90 that has wooden structural members such as a column 10 and cross members including a beam 20 and a foundation 30. The column 10 and the cross members 20, 30 each have fireproof covering materials 15, 25, 35 around them, the column 10 and at least one of the cross members 20, 30 and a support member 50 are fastened with a first fastener 60, and the support member 50 and the wood panel 40 are fastened with a second fastener 70, and the first fastener 60 includes a metal pipe 61 having a hollow 62 and a non-combustible material 65 filled in the hollow 62.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant wooden frame structure.

Background Art

[0002] In a wooden frame structure constructed by a wooden frame construction method, inside a structure composed of frame members (wooden shaft members) such as wooden columns and wooden beams or foundations, a form in which a wooden panel such as structural plywood is joined as a load-bearing wall with nails or the like, or a form in which cross braces are arranged, etc. are generally applied. In the true wall form, a wooden frame structure is formed by a method of fixing a wooden panel to a frame member with fasteners such as nails or screws via a receiving member, and in the large wall form, a wooden frame structure is formed by a method of directly fixing a wooden panel to a frame member with fasteners.

[0003] When imparting fire resistance to the above-described wooden frame structure to form a fire-resistant wooden frame structure, a membrane fire-resistant structure in which the entire area of the structure and the wooden panel is covered with a non-combustible material such as gypsum board is generally applied. However, since the wooden panel is covered with gypsum board or the like, the wooden panel cannot be used in its natural appearance, and a wooden frame structure having the aesthetic design property produced by the wooden panel cannot be obtained.

[0004] From the above, regarding a fire-resistant wooden frame structure in which a wooden panel is incorporated into the structure as a load-bearing wall, a fire-resistant wooden frame structure in which the wooden panel can be used in its natural appearance is desired.

[0005] Here, Patent Document 1 proposes a fire-resistant coating structure for a column-beam joint that joins column members and beam members each composed of a wooden core material and a plurality of fire-resistant coating materials laminated and arranged outside the core material. In this fire-resistant coating structure, a plurality of plate-shaped fire-resistant coating materials are provided that are laminated and arranged outside the column-beam joint and are arranged in contact with the ends of the fire-resistant coating materials of the column member or the beam member, and the positions of the ends of the plate-shaped fire-resistant coating materials of each layer are displaced in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction between the layers, so that the joints of the fire-resistant coating materials formed at the end positions do not become through joints.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] According to the fire - resistant coating structure of the column - beam joint described in Patent Document 1, it is said that a fire - resistant coating structure that ensures fire - resistant performance and is easy to construct on site can be provided. However, it does not provide a fire - resistant wooden frame structure in which a wooden panel incorporated into the structure as a shear wall can be used as it is.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and relates to a fire - resistant wooden frame structure in which a wooden panel is incorporated into the structure as a shear wall, and aims to provide a fire - resistant wooden frame structure in which the wooden panel can be used as it is.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] To achieve the above object, one aspect of the fire - resistant wooden frame structure according to the present invention is a fire - resistant wooden frame structure in which a wooden panel is attached to a structure having columns, which are wooden structural members, and horizontal members including beams and a base, wherein both the column and the horizontal member are provided with a fire - resistant coating material around them, at least one of the column and the horizontal member is fastened to a receiving member with a first fastener, and the receiving member and the wooden panel are fastened with a second fastener, wherein the first fastener is characterized by having a metal pipe with a hollow and a non - combustible material filled in the hollow.

[0010] According to this aspect, in a configuration where column, beam, and foundation, which are wooden structural members, are provided with a fire-resistant coating material around them, the structural member and the receiving member are fastened with a first fastener, and the receiving member and the wooden panel are fastened with a second fastener, the first fastener for fastening the structural member and the receiving member includes a metal pipe having a hollow and a non-combustible material filled in the hollow, thereby reducing the inflow of heat from the first fastener to the structural member during a fire. That is, it is possible to form a fire-resistant wooden frame structure that uses a wooden panel as it is, rather than a membrane fire-resistant structure in which the wooden panel is covered with a material such as gypsum board.

[0011] Further, since the fire-resistant coating material is disposed only around the structural members such as columns and beams, it is possible to maintain a predetermined fire-resistant performance while reducing the fire-resistant coating material as compared with the conventional membrane fire-resistant structure.

[0012] In addition, since the first fastener is not a solid metal fastener but a fastener in which a non-combustible material is filled in a metal pipe, the overall weight of the fastener can be reduced, and when the number of fasteners is large, the weight reduction effect becomes more remarkable.

[0013] Furthermore, compared with a conventional general solid metal fastener, the outer diameter of the first fastener provided with a metal pipe can be made as large as possible, and the hollow is filled with a non-combustible material and hardened, so that the shear resistance of each first fastener can be increased. As a result, when the number of the first fasteners is determined by the shear resistance against the shear force acting on the joint portion between the structural member such as a column and the wooden panel during an earthquake, it is possible to reduce the number of the first fasteners as much as possible compared with a conventional general metal fastener.

[0014] Here, for the wooden panel, structural plywood, glued laminated timber (a material in which a plurality of sawn timbers are fixed with an adhesive or screws, etc.), CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) panel, etc. can be applied.

[0015] In addition, another aspect of the fire-resistant wooden frame structure according to the present invention is The cross-sectional area of the metal pipe other than the hollow part is set to be equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of a solid circular cross-section with an outer diameter of 8 mm.

[0016] According to this aspect, since the cross-sectional area of the metal pipe other than the hollow part is set to be equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of a solid circular cross-section with an outer diameter of 8 mm, the heat transfer performance of the metal pipe is suppressed to be similar to that of metal fasteners such as screws and nails with an outer diameter of about 8 mm or less that are generally applied. Moreover, since the hollow part is filled with a non-combustible material, the overall heat transfer performance of the first fastener can be reduced, and the inflow of heat from the first fastener to the structural member during a fire can be effectively reduced.

[0017] In addition, when comparing the rigidity of a solid metal fastener and a metal pipe with a similar cross-sectional area, although the metal pipe has a hollow part, its outer diameter is larger than that of the solid fastener. Therefore, there is no significant difference in the overall bending performance. Thus, for example, when comparing a solid fastener with an outer diameter of 8 mm and a first fastener in which the hollow part of a metal pipe with a similar cross-sectional area is filled with a non-combustible material, the bending performance of both is similar. On the other hand, since the first fastener can significantly reduce the heat conductivity, it becomes a fastener that is excellent in both bending performance and fire resistance performance.

[0018] Another aspect of the fire-resistant wooden frame structure according to the present invention is A first shear plate having a through-hole is interposed between the column or the horizontal member and the fire-resistant coating material and / or between the fire-resistant coating material and the receiving member, and the first fastener penetrates through the through-hole.

[0019] According to this aspect, by interposing a first shear plate through which the first fastener penetrates between the structural member and the fire-resistant coating material or between the receiving member and the fire-resistant coating material, the rigidity and load-bearing capacity at the joint between the structural member and the receiving member can be increased. When the rigidity and load-bearing capacity are insufficient at the joint, the deficiency in rigidity and the like can be compensated by the first shear plate.

[0020] In addition, since the shear force acting on the joint between the structural member such as a column and the wooden panel during an earthquake can be borne by the first shear plate in addition to the first fastener, when the number of the first fasteners is determined by the shear resistance, it leads to a reduction in the number of the first fasteners.

[0021] Another aspect of the fire-resistant wooden framed structure according to the present invention is characterized in that a second shear plate having through holes is interposed between the wooden panel and the receiving member, and the second fastener penetrates through the through holes.

[0022] According to this aspect, by interposing a second shear plate through which the second fastener penetrates between the wooden panel and the receiving member, the rigidity and strength of the joint between the wooden panel and the receiving member can be enhanced.

[0023] Another aspect of the fire-resistant wooden framed structure according to the present invention is characterized in that the metal pipe is a pipe plug screw bolt having male threads on the outer periphery.

[0024] According to this aspect, since the metal pipe is a pipe plug screw bolt having male threads on the outer periphery, the joint strength at the joint between the structural member and the receiving member becomes extremely high, and excellent filling properties of the non-combustible material into the hollow can be guaranteed, which is preferable.

Effects of the Invention

[0025] As can be understood from the above description, according to the fire-resistant coating material of the present invention, regarding a fire-resistant wooden framed structure in which a wooden panel is incorporated into the structure as a load-bearing wall, the wooden panel can be used as it is.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0027] Hereinafter, an example of a fire-resistant wooden frame structure according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present specification and drawings, substantially the same components may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions may be omitted.

[0028] [Fire-resistant wooden frame structure according to the embodiment] With reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, an example of a fire-resistant wooden frame structure according to an embodiment will be described. Here, FIG. 1 is a front view of an example of a fire-resistant wooden frame structure according to the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, showing a cross-section of the column and the wooden panel cut in the middle, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1, showing a cross-section of the beam and the wooden panel cut in the middle. Further, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an example of the first fastener, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state where a part of the first fastener penetrates through two first shear plates.

[0029] The fire-resistant wooden frame structure 100 is formed by a frame 90 including a wooden column 10 (an example of a frame member), a wooden beam 20 (another example of a frame member and an example of a horizontal member) and a base 30 (still another example of a frame member and another example of a horizontal member), and a wooden panel 40 is disposed in a true wall form in the frame 90. Here, the illustrated example shows the frame 90 on the first floor of a building, but when the upper floor frame of a building above the second floor is the object, the frame is formed by the left and right columns and the upper and lower beams.

[0030] As shown in Fig. 2, the periphery of the column 10 is covered with a fire-resistant coating material 15. Here, the fire-resistant coating material 15 is formed of a gypsum board, a calcium silicate board, or the like, and the column 10 and the fire-resistant coating material 15 are connected to each other via a heat-resistant adhesive (not shown).

[0031] The column 10 provided with the fire-resistant coating material 15 around it and the wooden panel 40 are indirectly connected via a receiving member 50 such as a square timber. The receiving member 50 and the wooden panel 40 are fastened by a second fastener 70 such as a screw or a nail, and the receiving member 50 and the column 10 are fastened by a first fastener 60.

[0032] Here, the wooden panel 40 is formed of a structural plywood, a glued laminated timber, a CLT panel, or the like. Among these, the CLT panel is suitable because a wide range of panels with longitudinal and transverse dimensions up to 12 m × 2.6 m can be used, the connection points between the panels at the site can be reduced as much as possible, and this leads to an improvement in the load-bearing capacity and constructability of the fire-resistant wooden frame structure 100.

[0033] As shown in Fig. 4, the first fastener 60 for fastening the column 10 and the receiving member 50 includes a pipe plug screw bolt 61 (an example of a metal pipe) having a male screw 63 on its outer periphery and an outer diameter of φ (mm), and a non-combustible material filled in its hollow 62. As the non-combustible material, cement, gypsum, or the like can be applied.

[0034] Here, the cross-sectional area other than the hollow 62 of the pipe plug screw bolt 61 is set to be equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of a solid circular cross-section with an outer diameter of 8 mm.

[0035] Since the cross-sectional area other than the hollow 62 of the pipe plug screw bolt 61 is set to be equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of a solid circular cross-section with an outer diameter of 8 mm, the heat transfer property of the pipe plug screw bolt 61 is suppressed to that of a metal fastener such as a screw or a nail with an outer diameter of about 8 mm or less that is generally applied, and since the hollow 62 is filled with the non-combustible material 65, the overall heat transfer property of the first fastener 60 can be reduced, and the inflow of heat from the first fastener 60 to the column 10 during a fire can be effectively reduced.

[0036] Furthermore, regarding thermal bridges such as bolts and screws that attach surface materials and gypsum boards to load-bearing members in the "Manual for the Design of Wooden Fire-Resistant Buildings 2022, Japan Wooden Fire-Resistant Building Association, Incorporated Association", it is stated that coach screws and screws of M8 are less affected by heat and have no impact on use. Based on such guidelines, the use of metal fasteners with an outer diameter of about 8 mm or less in the fire-resistant structure has become common. The numerical limitation of "set to be equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of a solid circular cross-section with an outer diameter of 8 mm" depends on the description of such guidelines.

[0037] Also, at the joint between the column 10 and the receiving member 50, the first shear plate 80A is arranged to be embedded inside the column 10 at the interface between the column 10 and the fire-resistant coating material 15, and a separate first shear plate 80A is arranged to be embedded inside the receiving member 50 at the interface between the receiving member 50 and the fire-resistant coating material 15. That is, the two first shear plates 80A are arranged at corresponding positions of the column 10 and the receiving member 50 with the fire-resistant coating material 15 sandwiched therebetween and are embedded inside the respective members.

[0038] Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the first shear plate 80A has a steel plate 81 that is circular in front view and an annular standing piece 82 that stands along the outer contour of the plate 81. A through hole 85 is opened at the center of the plate 81, and the first fastener 60 is inserted through the through hole 85.

[0039] The back surface of the plate 81 of the first shear plate 80A abuts against the fire-resistant coating material 15, and the annular standing piece 82 is embedded inside the column 10 or the receiving member 50.

[0040] Returning to FIG. 2, at the interface between the receiving member 50 and the wooden panel 40, a pair of second shear plates 80B are arranged to be embedded inside the respective members, and a second fastener 70 that passes through the through hole at the center of the second shear plate 80B fastens the wooden panel 40 and the receiving member 50.

[0041] Although the detailed configuration of the second shear plate 80B is not shown, for example, the same shear plate as the first shear plate 80A shown in FIG. 5 may be applied, or a shear plate having an overall dimension smaller than that of the first shear plate 80A may be applied. Further, since the second fastener 70 is slender compared to the first fastener 60, a shear plate having a through-hole with a smaller hole diameter than the illustrated through-hole 85 may be used.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 3, the periphery of the beam 20 is also covered with a fireproof coating material 25 in the same manner as the column 10.

[0043] Also, at the joint between the beam 20 and the receiving member 50, the first shear plate 80A is disposed so as to be embedded inside the beam 20 at the interface between the beam 20 and the fireproof coating material 25, and a separate first shear plate 80A is disposed so as to be embedded inside the receiving member 50 at the interface between the receiving member 50 and the fireproof coating material 25.

[0044] That is, two first shear plates 80A are disposed at corresponding positions of the beam 20 and the receiving member 50 with the fireproof coating material 25 interposed therebetween, embedded inside the respective members, and the beam 20 and the receiving member 50 are fastened by the first fastener 60 passing through the through-holes 85 of the two first shear plates 80A. Further, the configuration in which two second shear plates 80B are disposed at the interface between the wooden panel 40 and the receiving member 50, and the wooden panel 40 and the receiving member 50 are fastened by the second fastener 70 passing through their through-holes is the same as that in FIG. 2.

[0045] Also, the base 30 is also covered with a fireproof coating material 35 around it, and the base 30 and the wooden panel 40 are fastened via the receiving member 50.

[0046] According to the fire-resistant wooden frame structure 100, among the wooden frame members, the columns 10, the beams 20, and the foundation 30 are provided with fire-resistant coating materials 15, 25, and 35 around them. The frame members 10, 20, and 30 and the receiving member 50 are fastened by the first fastener 60, and the receiving member 50 and the wooden panel 40 are fastened by the second fastener 70. In this configuration, the first fastener 60 that fastens the frame members 10, 20, and 30 and the receiving member 50 includes a metal pipe 61 having a hollow 62 and a non-combustible material 65 filled in the hollow 62, thereby reducing the inflow of heat from the first fastener 60 to the frame members 10, 20, and 30 during a fire.

[0047] That is, since it is not a membrane fire-resistant structure in which the wooden panel 40 is covered with a gypsum board or the like, the fire-resistant wooden frame structure 100 that exposes and uses the surface 41 of the wooden panel 40 can be formed.

[0048] In addition, since the fire-resistant coating materials 15, 25, and 35 are arranged only around the frame members such as the columns 10, the beams 20, and the foundation 30, a predetermined fire-resistant performance can be maintained while reducing the fire-resistant coating material as compared with the conventional membrane fire-resistant structure.

[0049] In addition, since the first fastener 60 is not a solid metal fastener but a fastener in which the metal pipe 61 is filled with the non-combustible material 65, the overall weight of the fastener can be reduced. For example, when the non-combustible material is cement, gypsum, etc., the unit volume weight of the material becomes as light as about 1 / 4 to 1 / 3.

[0050] In addition, compared with a conventional general solid metal fastener, the outer diameter φ of the first fastener 60 provided with the metal pipe 61 can be made as large as possible. Since the non-combustible material 65 is filled in the hollow 62 and hardened, the shear strength of each first fastener 60 can be increased.

[0051] Accordingly, when the number of the first fasteners 60 is determined by the shear resistance against the shear force acting on the joint between the structural members such as the column 10 and the wooden panel 40 during an earthquake, the number of the first fasteners 60 can be reduced as much as possible compared to the conventional general metal fasteners.

[0052] Furthermore, since the shear force acting on the joint between the structural members such as the column 10 and the wooden panel 40 during an earthquake can be borne by the first shear plate 80A in addition to the first fasteners 60, when the number of the first fasteners 60 is determined by the shear resistance, the number of the first fasteners 60 can be further reduced.

[0053] In addition, other embodiments in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments may be possible, and the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here at all. In this regard, it can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention and can be appropriately determined according to the application form.

Explanation of Signs

[0054] 10: Column (structural member) 15: Fireproof coating material 20: Beam (structural member, horizontal member) 25: Fireproof coating material 30: Foundation (structural member, horizontal member) 35: Fireproof coating material 40: Wooden panel 41: Surface (wide surface) 50: Receiving member 60: First fastener 61: Metal pipe (pipe plug screw bolt) 62: Hollow 63: Male thread 65: Incombustible material 70: Second fastener 80A: First shear plate 80B: Second shear plate 81: Plate 82: Annular standing piece 85: Through hole 90: Structure 100: Fire-resistant wooden frame structure

Claims

1. A fire-resistant wooden framed structure in which a wooden panel is attached to a structure having a column, which is a wooden structural member, and a horizontal member including a beam and a base, both the column and the horizontal member are provided with a fire-resistant coating material around them, at least one of the column and the horizontal member and a receiving member are fastened with a first fastener, and the receiving member and the wooden panel are fastened with a second fastener, the fire-resistant wooden framed structure, characterized in that the first fastener includes a metal pipe having a hollow and a non-combustible material filled in the hollow.

2. The fire-resistant wooden framed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the metal pipe other than the hollow is set to be equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of a solid circular cross-section with an outer diameter of 8 mm.

3. The fire-resistant wooden framed structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a first shear plate having a through hole is interposed between the column or the horizontal member and the fire-resistant coating material and / or between the fire-resistant coating material and the receiving member, and the first fastener penetrates through the through hole.

4. The fire-resistant wooden framed structure according to claim 3, characterized in that a second shear plate having a through hole is interposed between the wooden panel and the receiving member, and the second fastener penetrates through the through hole.

5. The fire-resistant wooden framed structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal pipe is a pipe plug screw bolt having a male screw on the outer periphery.

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