Device for measuring properties near tunnel face

Abstract

To provide a device for measuring properties near a tunnel face in a shield machine or tunnel boring machine that can be carried out without boring from the ground or the like.SOLUTION: A device 6 for measuring properties near a tunnel face is a face property measuring device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E) used with an earth pressure shield 1 as a shield machine, and comprises an exploration tool 61 that is stored inside the shield machine or tunnel boring machine and reaches a near-face FA, a jack 62 as advancing / retracting means for moving the exploration tool 61 back and forth between the shield machine or tunnel boring machine and the near-face FA, and a displacement sensor 66 that detects the amount of displacement of the exploration tool 61. Of these, the exploration tool 61 is stored inside a fixed stirring blade 55 that protrudes into a chamber 16 from a partition wall 3 of the shield machine.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a face vicinity property measurement device for measuring face vicinity properties including displacement near the face, earth pressure near the face, pore water pressure near the face, pressure inside the chamber, and / or pore water pressure inside the chamber from inside a tunnel boring machine including a shield tunneling machine, a tunnel boring machine, etc.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in shield construction, ground deformation in front of and around a shield machine has been measured using an inclinometer or the like that utilizes a boring hole from the ground. In this case, road restrictions often occur due to ground environmental conditions, and measurement at arbitrary locations is often impossible due to soil covering problems. The present invention relates to a device for directly measuring face vicinity properties including displacement, earth pressure, and / or pore water pressure near the face (for example, in front) at an arbitrary position.

[0003] Here, the "vicinity of the face" as referred to in the present invention means the range of the face surface in contact with the cutter head of the shield machine, in front of the face (about 1D), and outside the outer periphery of the shield (about 1D) (D: excavation outer diameter). In particular, it is preferable that the properties of the face and in front of the face (about 1D) can be measured.

[0004] For example, in an earth pressure balance shield among tunnel boring machines, if appropriate pressure management inside the chamber is performed, the face will not be greatly displaced, and as a result, displacement of the surrounding ground can be suppressed. Conventional methods for managing the earth pressure inside the chamber in an earth pressure balance shield include the following methods 1) and 2).

[0005] 1) A method of calculating active earth pressure, passive earth pressure, static earth pressure, etc. using an earth pressure calculation formula based on soil constants (φ, C, γ, etc.) of the target ground estimated by prior soil surveys, groundwater level, and overburden load, and setting and managing the upper and lower limit values of the earth pressure inside the chamber based on those numerical values (for example, see Patent Document 1).

[0006] 2) A method of setting the control earth pressure based on the earth pressure of the chamber soil at the time of shield stop measured when the shield stops (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0007]

Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0008] Problems of Method 1): Prior soil surveys are usually carried out by boring, but the frequency is often about every 200 m along the route length. Therefore, when the soil conditions change during that period, it may not be possible to calculate the appropriate control pressure. In addition, since the earth pressure calculation formula itself is theoretical, it does not always accurately calculate the actual earth pressure of the ground.

[0009] In addition, shield tunneling routes are mostly planned for road facilities etc. on the ground. To carry out boring or measurement means from the ground, road regulations are involved, so it is not possible to carry out deformation measurement work on the ground near the face at a dense frequency. Also, in the city center, the planned depth is great, and there are often existing tunnel structures or lifelines in the middle part between the ground, which may physically prevent implementation.

[0010] Furthermore, when measuring the displacement in front of the shield machine by a measurement means using boring, it is necessary to retrieve the measuring instrument before the shield machine reaches the measurement position, so it is necessary to temporarily interrupt the tunneling. Also, there is a risk of adverse effects such as muddy water gushing out due to the boring hole becoming a waterway.

[0011] Problem of Method 2: The earth pressure at rest measured when the shield stops is considered to accurately reflect the earth pressure acting on the face when the shield itself does not move and there is no face plate on the cutter. However, when these conditions are not maintained, the earth pressure at rest does not necessarily represent the earth pressure at rest or the active earth pressure of the ground.

[0012] In the pressure management method in the chamber as described above, it may not be possible to set an appropriate management pressure when the ground conditions change.

[0013] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a face vicinity property measuring device that can measure the ground properties in the vicinity of the face (especially the front face) of a tunneling machine without being affected by the conditions on the ground or in the middle part, at any position, and without causing work interruption or adverse effects, by directly measuring the properties of the face vicinity not from a displacement measuring means near the face from the ground but from inside the shield machine or a tunneling machine including inside the tunnel boring machine.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0014] In order to solve the above problems, the face vicinity property measuring device of the present invention is a face vicinity property measuring device used in a tunneling machine, including a probing tool stored in the tunneling machine and reaching near the face, a reciprocating means for reciprocating the probing tool between the tunneling machine and near the face, a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement amount of the probing tool, a pressure gauge for measuring the earth pressure near the face, and / or a water pressure gauge for measuring the pore water pressure near the face. Here, "inside the tunneling machine" of course includes the area on the rear side (shaft side) of the partition wall, but also includes areas such as the cutter spoke, the storage box installed behind the cutter or in front of the partition wall, the cutter face plate, and the inside of the stirring blade.

[0015] In addition, the management earth pressure setting system of the present invention is a management earth pressure setting system in a tunnel boring machine, which includes a pressure gauge for measuring the earth pressure in the chamber, an earth pressure changing means for changing the earth pressure in the chamber, the face vicinity property measuring device described above, an analysis unit for analyzing the deformation characteristics of the ground based on the measured earth pressure and the measured face displacement, and a setting unit for setting the management earth pressure based on the analyzed deformation characteristics.

Effect of the Invention

[0016] As described above, the face vicinity property measuring device of the present invention includes a exploration tool stored in the tunnel boring machine and reaching the vicinity of the face, a forward and backward movement means for moving the exploration tool forward and backward between the boring machine and the vicinity of the face, a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement amount of the exploration tool, a pressure gauge for measuring the earth pressure in the vicinity of the face, and / or a water pressure gauge for measuring the pore water pressure in the vicinity of the face. Therefore, the properties of the vicinity of the face can be accurately detected based on the measured values at any measurement position.

[0017] In addition, the management earth pressure setting system in the tunnel boring machine of the present invention includes a pressure gauge for measuring the earth pressure in the chamber, an earth pressure changing means for changing the earth pressure in the chamber, the face vicinity property measuring device described above, an analysis unit for analyzing the deformation characteristics of the ground based on the measured earth pressure and the measured displacement in the vicinity of the face, and a setting unit for setting the management earth pressure based on the analyzed deformation characteristics. Therefore, it becomes a management earth pressure setting system in a tunnel boring machine that can confirm the validity of the management pressure by directly measuring the face vicinity displacement instead of setting the management pressure by assumption or estimation.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the components described in the following examples are illustrative, and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention thereto. In the following, the earth pressure balance shield 1 is described as an example of a tunnel boring machine, but the present invention can also be applied to other types of tunnel boring machines, such as slurry shields, earth pressure shields, bubble shields, mud shields, thick mud shields, and tunnel boring machines.

Examples

[0020] (Configuration of the shield tunneling machine) FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the earth pressure balance shield 1 as a tunnel boring machine of this embodiment includes a skin plate (shield main body cylinder) 2, a bulkhead 3, a cutter head 5, a cutter rotating shaft 10, a cutter drive unit 12, a chamber 16, an earth discharging device 17, a shield propulsion jack 18, a bentonite material supply pipe 21, a pressure gauge 22, a water pressure gauge 23, and a control unit 40 including an analysis unit 41 and a setting unit 42 arranged inside the operation room and the like.

[0021] The cutter head 5 has cutter spokes 51, a plurality of cutter bits 52 provided on the front surface of the cutter spokes 51, ···, a fishtail bit 53 provided at the central portion of the front surface of the cutter spokes 51, and a plurality of stirring vanes 54 provided on the back surface of the cutter spokes 51, ···. The cutter head 5 is integrally attached to the cutter rotating shaft 10.

[0022] The cutter rotating shaft 10 is rotatably supported by a bearing 11 provided on the bulkhead 3 and a bearing provided at the rear part of a gear box 13 described later. The cutter rotating shaft 10 is connected to the cutter drive unit 12. The cutter drive unit 12 has a gear box 13 installed on the back side of the bulkhead 3, a rotary drive source 14 connected to the gear box 13, and a reduction gear (arranged in the gear box 13; not shown) interposed between the output shaft of the rotary drive source 14 and the cutter rotating shaft 10.

[0023] The chamber 16 is formed in a space surrounded by the hood portion 2a of the skin plate 2, the bulkhead 3, and the face F. As the earth discharging device 17, for example, a screw conveyor is used. The earth intake port of the earth discharging device 17 is opened and installed so as to face the chamber 16. And in this embodiment, the earth discharging device 17 also has a function as a means for changing the earth pressure.

[0024] Furthermore, an ejector 15 for assembling the segment 90 is installed in the tail portion 2b of the skin plate 2. Further, a plurality of shield propulsion jacks 18 are installed inside the skin plate 2 at required intervals in the circumferential direction. In addition, a tail seal 19 is provided at the rear end portion of the skin plate 2.

[0025] (Configuration of the face vicinity property measuring device 6) And the earth pressure shield 1 as the shield tunneling machine of the present embodiment further includes a face vicinity property measuring device 6 for measuring the displacement of the face and / or in the vicinity of the face. Here, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, an in-machine measurement type face vicinity property measuring device 6 for measuring the properties in the vicinity of the face from inside the machine will be described. Here, the properties in the vicinity of the face refer to at least any one of the three properties of the displacement in the vicinity of the face, the earth pressure in the vicinity of the face, or the pore water pressure in the vicinity of the face, and it may measure two or more properties.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 2, the face vicinity property measuring device 6 of the present embodiment includes a rod-shaped exploration jig 61 having a sufficient length to penetrate through the partition wall 3 and the fixed stirring blade 55 and reach, abut against, or penetrate into the vicinity of the face FA at the tip 610, jacks 62, 62 as advancing and retreating means by gripping / releasing the exploration jig 61, a hydraulic chuck 63 for moving / releasing the exploration jig 61 as the jacks 62, 62 expand and contract, a detection unit 64 integrally attached to the end of the exploration jig 61, a guide 65 for supporting the sliding movement of the detection unit 64, a displacement sensor 66 for measuring the displacement amount of the exploration jig 61 by measuring the distance from the detection unit 64, a water stop device 67 of the exploration jig 61, and valves 68, 68A for water stop. Here, the face vicinity property measuring device 6 of the present embodiment will be described for the case of measuring the "displacement" in the vicinity of the face as the property in the vicinity of the face.

[0027] That is, in this embodiment, the exploration jig 61 is stored in a retractable (retractable; freely movable in and out) manner in the fixed stirring blade 55 that protrudes from the partition wall 3 into the chamber 16. That is, the fixed stirring blade 55 has a hole (into which the rod-shaped main body 613 of the exploration jig 61 is inserted) formed through the center of the cross-section along the axial direction. In this way, the tip 610 of the exploration jig 61 moves and reaches from the tip of the fixed stirring blade 55 to the vicinity of the face FA, and comes into contact with or penetrates it. In this embodiment, it is described that the exploration jig is moved and reaches the vicinity of the face by using the fixed stirring blade and comes into contact with or penetrates it. However, if it has the same shape (for example, a dedicated storage box 55A is prepared separately), it may not satisfy the use of the fixed stirring blade.

[0028] The exploration jig 61 is composed of a rod-shaped main body 613 and a tip 610 formed at the tip of the main body. The end of the main body is gripped by a hydraulic chuck 63. As will be described later with reference to FIGS. 4(a) to (f), the shape of the tip 610 may be a protruding conical portion 611a, or a flange portion 612 with an enlarged diameter, or a shape combining a conical portion 611a or the like at the center of the flange portion 612.

[0029] Therefore, when the exploration jig 61 is gripped by the hydraulic chuck 63, when the jacks 62, 62 extend, the exploration jig 61 retracts, and when the jacks 62 contract, the exploration jig 61 advances. When the hydraulic chuck 63 is released, the exploration jig 61 is in a free state. Therefore, in the open state (the exploration jig 61 can move freely), if the tip 610 of the exploration jig 61 is in contact with or penetrating the vicinity of the face FA, the exploration jig 61 moves (in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel) in accordance with the displacement of the vicinity of the face FA. As will be described later, in the present invention, since the earth pressure in the chamber 16 is decompressed, the vicinity of the face FA slightly protrudes, so the exploration jig 61 will move in the shaft direction in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

[0030] (Operation procedure) Next, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the operation procedure of the face vicinity property measuring device 6 including the exploration tool 61, the jack 62 as the advancing / retreating means, and the displacement sensor 66 in the decompression test of this embodiment will be described. 1. During shield tunneling, the exploration tool 61 is in a state of being retracted to the position of the fixed stirring blade 55 (FIG. 2). That is, by extending the jack 62, the exploration tool 61 is accommodated at the tip of the fixed stirring blade 55. 2. After the shield stops, the exploration tool 61 is gripped by the hydraulic chuck 63 and slid to a position where the tip 610 abuts or penetrates the face F surface or the vicinity of the face FA (see FIG. 3). At this time, the jack 62 is retracted. 3. After the tip 610 of the exploration tool 61 abuts or penetrates the face F or the vicinity of the face FA, the hydraulic chuck 63 is released. As a result, the exploration tool 61 can move freely without being restricted in the tunnel longitudinal direction (front-rear direction). 4. The soil discharging means (soil discharging device 17) is operated at a very low speed to gradually reduce the soil pressure in the chamber 16. 5. As the pressure is reduced, when the face F or the vicinity of the face FA is displaced, the exploration tool 61 is pushed toward the inside of the shield due to the displacement. 6. A measuring device (detection unit 64, displacement sensor 66) is attached to the exploration tool 61 inside the shield. The displacement amount is measured by the displacement sensor 66 through the detection unit 64. 7. The measured value is sent from the displacement sensor 66 to the PC. At the same time, the soil pressure in the chamber 16 is measured by the pressure gauge 22 provided on the partition wall 3. 8. The relationship between the soil pressure in the chamber 16 and the displacement amount of the face F or the vicinity of the face FA is obtained by the above procedure. 9. When all or part of the transition region (including the yield point) in the displacement of the vicinity of the face becomes clear, the decompression test is stopped. 10. Then, for example, the soil discharging means (soil discharging device 17) is reversed to return the soil and increase the soil pressure in the chamber 16 to the initial state. 11. The exploration tool 61 is gripped again by the hydraulic chuck 63, pulled back by operating the jack 62, and the exploration tool 61 is retracted to the position of the fixed stirring blade 55 (see FIG. 2). At this time, the jack 62 is extended.

[0031] (Variations of the tip of the exploration jig) Here, with reference to FIGS. 4(a) to 4(f), various aspects of the tip 610 of the exploration jig 61 will be described. Note that the tip 610 of the exploration jig 61 is not limited to the embodiments and variations described below.

[0032] First, as shown in FIG. 4(a), the tip 610 of the exploration jig 61 of the embodiment is composed of a conical portion 611a protruding from the tip.

[0033] Next, as shown in FIG. 4(b), the tip 610 of the exploration jig 61 of the embodiment is composed of a flange portion 612 and a conical portion 611a protruding from the tip. With the presence of the flange portion 612 in this way, the tip 610 can move more easily integrally with the ground (toward the front side; toward the shaft mouth side).

[0034] Next, as shown in FIG. 4(c), the tip 610 of the variation is composed of a flange portion 612 and a single (thin diameter) arrow portion 611b having a conical "return" at the tip. With the presence of the return in this way, the tip 610 stuck in the ground becomes less likely to come out integrally with the ground.

[0035] Next, as shown in FIG. 4(d), the tip 610 of another variation is composed of a flange portion 612 and a plurality (here, two; thin diameter) of arrow portions 611b, 611b having conical returns at the tip. With the presence of the plurality of arrow portions 611b,... in this way, the tip 610 stuck in the ground becomes even less likely to come out.

[0036] Next, as shown in FIG. 4(e), the tip 610 of another variation is composed of a flange portion 612 and a drill portion 611c having a drill shape at the tip. With the presence of the drill portion 611c in this way, the tip 610 stuck in the ground becomes less likely to come out integrally with the ground. Note that it is preferable that the drill portion 611c can rotate freely around the axis.

[0037] Next, as shown in FIG. 4(f), the tip 610 of another modification example has no flange portion (612), and is composed of only one (thin diameter) arrow portion 611b having a conical return at the tip. In this way, the absence of the flange portion makes it easier to pass through the chamber 16.

[0038] (First Modification Example: Configuration of the Face-Nearest Property Measuring Device 6A) Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the configuration of the face-nearest property measuring device 6A of the first modification example will be described. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 5, in the face-nearest property measuring device 6A of this modification example, the cylinder portion 62a and the rod portion 62b of the jack 62 as the advancing / retreating means are stored in the fixed stirring blade 55. That is, in the embodiment, the jack 62 was configured to be installed behind the partition wall 3 (inside the machine), but in this modification example, the jack 62 penetrates the partition wall 3 and is adapted to fit inside the fixed stirring blade 55 or inside the storage box 55A. The face-nearest property measuring device 6A of this modification example will be described for the case of measuring the "displacement" in the vicinity of the face as the property in the vicinity of the face.

[0039] And the rod portion 62b of the jack 62 serves as the exploration jig 61, and protrudes from the tip of the fixed stirring blade 55 or the storage box 55A to reach, contact, or penetrate into the vicinity of the face FA. Specifically, regarding the displacement measurement method, a through hole is provided along the axial direction at the center of the cross section of the exploration jig 61 (62b), and the rod of the displacement sensor 66 is inserted therein. Then, when the exploration jig 61 slides back and forth, the relative displacement amount between the detection unit 64 attached to the exploration jig 61 and the rod of the displacement sensor 66 can be measured.

[0040] The measurement procedure in this case is as follows. 1) During shield tunneling, the rod portion 62b, which is the exploration jig 61, is stored in the fixed stirring blade 55 or the storage box 55A. 2) When the shield stops, by operating the jack 62, the exploration jig 61 (that is, the rod portion 62b) is extended forward so that the tip contacts or penetrates into the vicinity of the face FA. 3) After ensuring that the exploration jig 61 is in contact with or penetrates into the vicinity of the working face FA, release the hydraulic pressure of the jack 62 so that the exploration jig 61 is in a freely movable state. 4) In this state, when the vicinity of the working face FA is displaced, the exploration jig 61 is pushed back, and the displacement amount can be measured by the detection unit 64 and the displacement sensor 66. In this modified example, since the cylinder part 62a of the jack 62 that slides the exploration jig 61 penetrates through the partition wall and is arranged inside the fixed stirring blade 55 or inside the storage box 55A, the protruding amount behind the partition wall 3 can be made shorter compared to the embodiment.

[0041] (Second Modified Example: Configuration of the Apparatus 6B for Measuring the Properties near the Working Face) Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the configuration of the apparatus 6B for measuring the properties near the working face in the second modified example will be described. As shown in the central part of FIG. 5, in the apparatus 6B for measuring the properties near the working face of this modified example, the cylinder part 62a and the rod part 62b of the jack 62 as the advancing and retracting means are stored inside the cutter spoke 51. That is, in the embodiment, the jack 62 was configured to be installed behind the partition wall 3 (inside the machine), but in this modified example, the jack 62 is accommodated inside the cutter spoke 51. The apparatus 6B for measuring the properties near the working face of this modified example will be described for the case of measuring the "displacement" of the working face as the property of the working face.

[0042] Furthermore, in this modified example, when the length of the apparatus 6B for measuring the properties near the working face is longer than the depth of the cutter spoke 51, the rear part of the apparatus 6B for measuring the properties near the working face may be arranged inside the (moving) stirring blade 54. At this time, as long as it has a size that can accommodate the device (for example, using the storage box 54A), it does not have to meet the requirements of the (moving) stirring blade. And the rod part 62b of the jack 62 serves as the exploration jig 61, and it protrudes from the surface of the cutter spoke 51 on the working face side and reaches, contacts, or penetrates into the vicinity of the working face FA.

[0043] As in the first modification, the displacement measurement method is the same as the first modification, in which a through hole is provided in the center of the cross section of the probe 61 (62b) along the axial direction, and the rod of the displacement sensor 66 is inserted. When the cutter bit 52 is the tip 610, a through hole is provided on the face side of the cutter spoke 51. When the probe 61 slides back and forth, the relative displacement between the detection unit 64 attached to the probe 61 and the rod of the displacement sensor 66 can be measured. At this time, the hydraulic oil line for driving the jack 62 and the signal line from the displacement sensor 66 are led through the cutter rotation shaft 10 to the inside of the shield machine behind the bulkhead 3. The measurement procedure is the same as that of the face vicinity property measuring device 6A of the first modification, so a description thereof will be omitted.

[0044] (Third Modification: Configuration of the Face Neighborhood Property Measuring Device 6C) Next, the configuration of the face vicinity property measuring device 6C of the third modified example will be described with reference to Fig. 6. As shown in Fig. 6, the face vicinity property measuring device 6C of this modified example is configured such that a jack 62 (cylinder part 62a and rod part 62b) as an advancing and retreating means and an exploration jig is advanced and retreated into the chamber 16 from the machine inside through the bulkhead 3. That is, in the embodiment, the jack 62 is configured to be attached to the rear (machine inside) of the bulkhead 3, but in this modified example, the jack 62 (combined exploration jig 61) itself is advanced and retreated by the second jacks 69, 69 as an in-machine advancing and retreating means. The face vicinity property measuring device 6C of this modified example will be described in the case where the "displacement" of the face is measured as the face property.

[0045] That is, in this modified example, the jack 62 inside the fixed stirring blade 55 or inside the storage box 55A described in the first modified example has a slide structure. Specifically, the jack 62 is held by the second jacks 69, 69 as in-airplane advancing / retreating means via a bracket 70, and the second jacks 69, 69 are attached so as to receive a reaction force on the back side of the partition wall 3. Therefore, by extending the second jack 69, the jack 62 moves inward of the airplane, and by contracting the second jack 69, the jack 62 moves toward the face F side. Then, with the second jack 69 contracted and the jack 62 on the face F side, the jack 62 is extended so that the rod portion 62b abuts or penetrates near the face F.

[0046] The displacement measurement method is the same as in the first and second modified examples. A through hole is provided along the axial direction at the center of the cross section of the exploration jig 61 (62b), and the rod of the displacement sensor 66 is inserted therein. Then, when the exploration jig 61 slides back and forth, the relative displacement amount between the detection unit 64 attached to the exploration jig 61 and the rod of the displacement sensor 66 can be measured.

[0047] The measurement procedure in this case is as follows. 1) During shield tunneling, the rod portion 62b, which is the exploration jig 61, is stored inside the airplane side of the partition wall 3 (see Fig. 6). 2) When the shield stops, by contracting the second jack 69, the jack 62 is moved forward (see Fig. 7(a)). 3) Then, the jack 62 is extended to reach, abut or penetrate the rod portion 62b, that is, the exploration jig 61, near the face (see Fig. 7(b)). 4) After the exploration jig 61 is surely abutted or penetrated against the face F, the hydraulic pressure of the jack 62 is released to make the exploration jig 61 in a state where it can move freely. 5) In this state, when the vicinity FA of the face is displaced, the exploration jig 61 is pushed back, and the displacement amount can be measured by the detection unit 64 and the displacement sensor 66.

[0048] By decomposing the necessary stroke into two stages in this way, the structure is such that the amount of protrusion of the face-near property measuring device 6C into the machine is suppressed. During tunneling, since it is in the state of FIG. 6, the fixed stirring blade (55) does not protrude into the chamber 16. With this structure, when there are large gravels in the excavated ground, deformation and damage of the face-near property measuring device 6C due to gravel biting can be prevented.

[0049] (Fourth Modification Example: Configuration of Face-Near Property Measuring Device 6D) Next, with reference to FIG. 8, the configuration of the face-near property measuring device 6D of the fourth modification example will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, in the face-near property measuring device 6D of this modification example, the cylinder part 62a and the rod part 62b of the jack 62 as the advancing / retreating means are stored in the cutter spoke 51 and the stirring blade 54. If the size of the cutter spoke 51 is sufficiently large, it is also possible to store the face-near property measuring device 6D in the cutter spoke 51 without using the stirring blade (54). Also, even when protruding rearward, it is not necessarily required to have the function of the stirring blade (54). For example, a storage box 54A of a sufficient size for storing the device may be newly provided. That is, in the embodiment, the jack 62 was configured to be installed behind the partition wall 3 (inside the machine), but in this modification example, similar to the second modification example, the jack 62 is housed in the cutter spoke 51 and the stirring blade 54, or in the storage box 54A. The face-near property measuring device 6D of this modification example will be described for the case of measuring the "earth pressure" near the face as the property near the face.

[0050] More specifically, in this modification example, since the length of the face-near property measuring device 6D is longer than the depth of the cutter spoke 51, the rear part of the face-near property measuring device 6D is arranged inside the (moving) stirring blade 54. And the rod part 62b of the jack 62 is integrated with the exploration tool 61, and the cutter bit 52 installed on the face side of the exploration tool 61 reaches, abuts, or penetrates to the face-near FA.

[0051] In this modified example, the tip 610 of the rod portion 62b is integrated with the cutter bit 52. In this case, other than during measurement implementation, for example, during excavation work, by retracting it to the rear side compared to the other cutter bits 52, it is possible to prevent wear of the cutter bit 52 and damage to the measuring instrument. Furthermore, since the cutter spoke 51 rotates, measurement can be performed at any position on the circumference, so the width of the measurement position can be widened.

[0052] Furthermore, in the face vicinity property measuring device 6D of this embodiment, the tip 610 of the rod portion 62b is the cutter bit 52. Therefore, if it is configured to extend the exploration jig 61 to the position in the vicinity of the face FA before the excavation stop and then perform excavation, it is possible to surely bring the exploration jig 61 into contact with the face even in hard ground where penetration is difficult.

[0053] In addition, the face vicinity property measuring device 6D also has an earth pressure gauge 22A for measuring the earth pressure in the vicinity of the face FA in addition to the displacement sensor 66 similar to the embodiment. And in this modified example, the earth pressure gauge 22A is embedded in a recess provided at approximately the center of the cutter bit 52. As described above, since the cutter bit 52 is attached to the face side (tip side) of the exploration jig 61 integrated with the jack 62, it can move forward and backward by the operation of the jack 62.

[0054] Note that in this modified example, the case of installing the earth pressure gauge 22A in the cutter bit 52 has been described, but it is not limited to this. Instead of the earth pressure gauge 22A, a water pressure gauge 23A may be installed to measure the pore water pressure. These measuring instruments do not have to be arranged at the center position of the cutter bit 52 as described in the embodiment, and may be arranged on the side surface of the cutter bit 52 or the cutter spoke 51. In that case, it is more preferable to attach them at the same depth position.

[0055] (Fifth Modified Example: Configuration of the Face Vicinity Property Measuring Device 6E) Next, with reference to Fig. 9, the configuration of the face vicinity property measuring device 6E of the fifth modification will be described. As shown in Fig. 9, in the face vicinity property measuring device 6E of this modification, similar to the fourth modification, the cylinder part 62a and the rod part 62b of the jack 62 as the advancing and retreating means are stored inside the cutter spoke 51 and the (moving) stirring blade 54, or inside the storage box 54A. If the size of the cutter spoke 51 is sufficiently large, it is also possible to store it inside the cutter spoke 51 without using a stirring blade or the like. Further, even when storage is required, it is not necessarily necessary to provide the function of the stirring blade, and it is sufficient if there is a size for storing the device. That is, in the embodiment, the jack 62 was configured to be installed behind the partition wall 3 (inside the machine), but in this modification, similar to the second and fourth modifications, the jack 62 is accommodated inside the cutter spoke 51 and the (moving) stirring blade 54, or inside the storage box 54A. The face vicinity property measuring device 6E of this modification will be described for the case of measuring the "earth pressure" and the "pressure inside the chamber" in the vicinity of the face as the properties in the vicinity of the face.

[0056] More specifically, in this modification, since the length of the face vicinity property measuring device 6E is longer than the depth of the cutter spoke 51, the rear part of the face vicinity property measuring device 6E is arranged inside the (moving) stirring blade 54 or the storage box 54A. And the rod part 62b of the jack 62 is integrated with the exploration tool 61, and the cutter bit 52 installed on the face side of the exploration tool 61 reaches the vicinity of the face FA and comes into contact or penetrates.

[0057] In this modification, the tip and the subsequent part of the bit 52 have the same cross-sectional shape. As a result, penetration into the vicinity of the face becomes easier, and it is possible to prevent the accidental intake of earth and sand into the machine (cutter spoke) when recovering and storing the face vicinity property device 6E (see Fig. 9). Also, similar to the fourth modification, if the exploration tool 61 is configured to be extended to the position of the vicinity of the face FA before the excavation stop and then excavation is carried out, it is possible to surely bring the exploration tool 61 into contact with the face even in a hard ground where penetration is difficult.

[0058] And in this modified example, the tip 610 of the rod portion 62b is integrated with the cutter bit 52. In this case, during non-measurement periods - for example, during excavation work - by retracting it to a position behind the other cutter bits 52, it is possible to prevent wear of the cutter bits 52 and damage to the measuring instrument. Furthermore, since the cutter spoke 51 rotates, measurement can be performed at any position on the circumference, so the width of the measurement position can be widened.

[0059] In addition, the face vicinity property measuring device 6E, in addition to the displacement sensor 66 similar to the embodiment, also has an earth pressure gauge 22A for measuring the earth pressure of the face vicinity FA. And in this modified example, the earth pressure gauge 22A is embedded in a recess provided at approximately the center of the cutter bit 52, and one or more are provided on the side portion of the bit (behind the tip position). As described above, since the cutter bit 52 is attached to the face side (tip side) of the exploration jig 61 integrated with the jack 62, it can be moved forward and backward by the operation of the jack 62.

[0060] In this modified example, by penetrating the cutter bit 52 near the face, it becomes possible to measure the earth pressure near the face and the pressure (mud pressure) in the chamber, respectively.

[0061] Note that in this modified example, the case of installing the earth pressure gauge 22A in the cutter bit 52 has been described, but it is not limited to this. Similar to the fourth modified example, a water pressure gauge 23A instead of the earth pressure gauge 22A may be installed to measure the pore water pressure. Thereby, it becomes possible to measure the pore water pressure near the face and the pore water pressure in the chamber.

[0062] (Configuration of the Managed Earth Pressure Setting System) In addition, the earth pressure shield 1 further includes a control unit 40 (see FIG. 1). The control unit 40 is, for example, a general-purpose personal computer having a memory, a CPU, an SSD, etc. In the control unit 40, the managed earth pressure of the earth pressure shield 1 is set to control tunneling. That is, during tunneling, while the earth pressure shield 1 is advanced by the shield propulsion jack 18, the earth pressure is changed by discharging the earth by the earth discharging device 17 (screw conveyor) as the earth pressure changing means, and at the same time, the earth pressure is measured by the pressure gauge 22. Furthermore, the water pressure is measured by the water pressure gauge 23. It should be noted that the functions of the analysis unit 41 and the setting unit 42 described later can of course be executed by a control unit (arithmetic unit; personal computer) separate from the control unit 40 that controls the tunneling of the earth pressure shield 1. In this sense, the control unit can also be referred to as an "arithmetic unit".

[0063] And the control unit 40 of this embodiment further has a function as an analysis unit 41 that analyzes the deformation characteristics of the ground based on the measured earth pressure, the measured displacement (e.g., horizontal displacement) near the face, the measured pore water pressure, etc., and a function as a setting unit 42 that sets the managed earth pressure based on the analyzed deformation characteristics. In addition, to the control unit 40, the earth pressure value from the pressure gauge 22 (22A), the pore water pressure value from the water pressure gauge 23 (23A), and the input value (displacement) from the displacement sensor 66 are input via the communication cable 43. In addition, input means such as a keyboard and a mouse are connected. Furthermore, a monitor or another PC for tunneling management, etc. is connected to the control unit 40 as output means. The functions of the analysis unit 41 and the setting unit 42 will be described in the control flow described below.

[0064] And the pressure gauge 22, the water pressure gauge 23, the earth discharging device 17 as the earth pressure changing means, the face near property measuring device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E), and the control unit 40 including the analysis unit 41 and the setting unit 42 constitute the setting system S of the managed earth pressure of the present invention.

[0065] (Operation) Next, with reference to FIGS. 10 to 11, the flow of the management earth pressure setting system S of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 10, the flow of the management earth pressure setting system S is realized by executing the following steps S1 to S14.

[0066] · Processing of initial value (step S1) First, based on the initial calculated earth pressure set by a boring test or the like (step S1), the initial value of the management earth pressure is set (step S2). Then, according to this initial value of the management earth pressure, the shield is advanced (step S3). That is, at the initial stage when the shield starts to advance (before the implementation of the pressure reduction test), the management earth pressure is set based on the theoretical earth pressure calculated from the soil constants obtained by the preliminary soil investigation. Alternatively, the mechanical constants of the ground obtained by the preliminary soil investigation are given to the 3D - FEM model, and the management earth pressure is set from the relationship between the earth pressure and the ground displacement.

[0067] · Pressure reduction test (steps S4 to S8) Next, with the shield tunneling machine stopped and not retracted, the earth pressure in the chamber is reduced (step S4). That is, at the time of stopping the excavation such as when assembling the segment 90, the screw conveyor is rotated at a very low speed to gradually discharge the soil in the chamber 16 and reduce the pressure. During the pressure reduction, the earth pressure is measured by the pressure gauge 22. At the same time, the water pressure is measured by the water pressure gauge 23 (23A). Furthermore, during the pressure reduction, the displacement of the face vicinity FA is directly measured by the face vicinity property measuring device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E) (step S5). Based on the measured earth pressure and the displacement of the face vicinity (for example, horizontal displacement), the deformation characteristics are grasped (step S6). That is, the earth pressure - face displacement is plotted on a graph to obtain the deformation characteristics (see FIG. 10). Once the deformation characteristics are grasped, the mechanical constants of the ground are analyzed by inverse analysis (step S7) (step S8).

[0068] · 3D - FEM model analysis (steps S9 to S12) Then, 3D-FEM analysis is performed using the mechanical constants of the ground analyzed by the decompression test (step S9). And, the influence on the surrounding ground and adjacent structures is predicted by this 3D-FEM model analysis (step S10).

[0069] That is, when the deformation characteristics of the target ground are clarified by the decompression test, the mechanical constants of the ground are calculated by inverse analysis for the ground model based on the in-situ boundary conditions such as the ground composition assumed from the boring investigation and the measured water pressure (step S7) (step S8). Using the mechanical constants of the ground calculated in this way, 3D-FEM analysis is performed (step S9).

[0070] As a result of the analysis, the presence or absence of harmful effects is determined by judgment such as whether the ground surface settlement amount is below the allowable displacement amount (step S11). And if it is harmful (\"yes\" in step S11), the control earth pressure is changed (step S12), and the analysis is repeated (steps S9 to S11). On the other hand, if it is harmless (\"no\" in step S11), the process returns to step S2, and the control earth pressure setting system S is executed at the next position and time.

[0071] Here, the mechanical constants are, for example, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, cohesion, etc. By adopting the FEM model based on the ground characteristics obtained based on this in-situ behavior and performing simulation, a reasonable behavior simulation becomes possible. By the reasonable simulation based on the in-situ behavior as described above, the ground surface settlement and the influence on adjacent structures can be predicted in advance and more accurately, and the influence on the surroundings can be minimized, or the control earth pressure corresponding to the regulated values such as ground displacement can be set.

[0072] ·Analysis and setting (steps S13 to S14) On the other hand, if the deformation characteristics of the ground are grasped, the yield point earth pressure can be obtained by analysis from the earth pressure-displacement graph as shown in Fig. 11 (step S13). That is, the analysis unit 41 of the control unit 40 obtains the point where the gradient suddenly becomes large, regards this point as the yield point, and obtains the active earth pressure. For example, an approximate straight line can be obtained from a plurality of plots in the elastic region by the least squares method, an approximate straight line can be obtained from a plurality of plots in the plastic region, and the intersection of these can be set as the yield point. Alternatively, it can be estimated that the transition region has been entered when plots that deviate significantly from the moving average appear continuously. And when 3D-FEM model analysis is necessary due to reasons such as the existence of a building in the vicinity ( "required" in step S14), the influence on the surrounding ground and adjacent structures is predicted by 3D-FEM analysis (step S10). When 3D-FEM model analysis is not required ( "not required" in step S14), the control earth pressure is reset based on the active earth pressure (step S2). Specifically, since it is necessary to ensure that the control earth pressure in the chamber 16 during tunneling does not fall below the active earth pressure plus the water pressure, for example, plus α (0 to 20 kN / m 2 ) is added to the obtained active earth pressure + water pressure, and this value is taken as the lower limit value of the control earth pressure. On the other hand, the upper limit value of the control earth pressure may be calculated theoretically using C and φ calculated inversely from the active earth pressure (yield point earth pressure), or may be a value obtained by further considering the construction variation range for the above lower limit value. On the other hand, when 3D-FEM model analysis is necessary ( "required" in step S14), 3D-FEM model analysis is executed (step S9).

[0073] In this way, by comparing the observed digital values (observed values) with the digital values (analytical values) obtained from the analysis using the model ground, the construction of a model ground that matches the changes in the ground accompanying the progress of the shield face is realized while constantly performing model correction (so-called "digital twin").

[0074] (Effect) Next, the effects of the face vicinity property measuring devices 6, 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E of this embodiment will be described while listing them.

[0075] (1) As described above, the face vicinity property measurement device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E) of the present embodiment is a face vicinity property measurement device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E) used in the earth pressure balance shield 1 as a shield tunneling machine among tunnel boring machines. It is stored in the shield tunneling machine and reaches the vicinity of the face FA, and includes a probe jig 61 that abuts or penetrates the vicinity of the face, a jack 62 as a means for advancing and retreating the probe jig 61 between the shield tunneling machine and the vicinity of the face FA, and a displacement sensor 66 that detects the displacement amount of the probe jig 61. Therefore, the properties of the vicinity of the face can be accurately detected based on the measured values at any measurement position.

[0076] That is, since the tip of the probe jig 61 reaches the vicinity of the face FA and abuts or penetrates the vicinity of the face FA, the displacement of the vicinity of the face can be directly and accurately reflected by the probe jig 61. In this case, since the distance from the partition wall 3 to the face F (that is, the tip of the cutter bit 52) is known in advance, the probe jig 61 can be accurately pressed against or penetrated into the vicinity of the face FA.

[0077] (2) Further, in the face vicinity property measurement devices 6 and 6A, it is preferable that the probe jig 61 is stored in the fixed stirring blade 55 that protrudes into the chamber 16 from the partition wall 3 of the tunnel boring machine and is configured to reach the vicinity of the face FA from the tip of the fixed stirring blade 55. Since this fixed stirring blade 55 protrudes into the chamber 16 from the partition wall 3 toward the face F side, the stroke of the probe jig 61 to the vicinity of the face FA can be shortened accordingly.

[0078] For this reason, the displacement of the vicinity of the face FA can be measured more accurately by the probe jig 61. That is, since the distance from the tip of the fixed stirring blade 55 to the vicinity of the face FA is shorter than the distance from the surface of the partition wall 3 to the vicinity of the face FA, the distance when the probe jig 61 moves forward and backward in the chamber 16 can be shortened. Furthermore, since the required stroke becomes smaller, devices such as the jack 62 for sliding the probe jig 61 back and forth become smaller. Since the interior behind the partition wall 3 of the shield is narrow, the miniaturization of the device is advantageous.

[0079] (3) Further, in the face vicinity property measurement device 6A, the jack 62 as the advancing / retreating means is composed of a cylinder part 62a and a rod part 62b, is stored in the fixed stirring blade 55, and it is preferable that the rod part 62b is also used as the exploration jig 61 and is configured to reach from the tip of the fixed stirring blade 55 to the vicinity of the face FA. By configuring in this way, the length of the advancing / retreating means (that is, the jack 62) protruding toward the shaft side in the shield machine can be made shorter. That is, the protruding amount of the jack 62 in the shield machine can be reduced by the amount of protrusion of the fixed stirring blade 55 into the chamber 16.

[0080] (4) Further, in the face vicinity property measurement device 6C, the jack 62 as the advancing / retreating means is composed of a cylinder part 62a and a rod part 62b, and it is preferable that it further includes a second jack 69 as the advancing / retreating means inside the machine for advancing / retreating the cylinder part 62a into the chamber 16 from the partition wall 3 of the tunnel boring machine. In this way, instead of storing the jack 62 in the fixed stirring blade 55, by configuring the jack 62 itself to be slidable back and forth, the obstacles in the chamber 16 can be reduced. That is, by dividing the required stroke into two stages, the protruding amount into the machine can be suppressed. During tunneling, the structure is such that the fixed stirring blade does not protrude into the chamber 16, and when there are large gravels or the like in the excavated ground, deformation and damage of the face vicinity property measurement device 6C due to gravel biting can be prevented.

[0081] · In addition, it is preferable that the face vicinity property measuring devices 6B, 6D, and 6E are configured such that the exploration jig 61 is stored in the cutter spoke 51 of the tunnel boring machine and can reach the face vicinity FA from the cutter spoke 51. By installing the exploration jig 61 and the jack 62 in the cutter spoke 51 in this way, the required stroke to the face vicinity FA can be made extremely short, so that the face vicinity property measuring device 6 itself becomes very short. Therefore, the exploration jig 61 and the jack 62 can be arranged inside the cutter spoke 51. In this way, if the measuring device is housed in the cutter spoke 51, the face vicinity property measuring device 6 can be arranged in a narrow space inside the shield machine. Further, by rotating the cutter head 5, the face vicinity property measuring device 6 can be moved, so that measurement can be performed at an arbitrary point on a circle with a constant radius from the shield center.

[0082] (5) Further, although not shown, it is also preferable that the exploration jig (61) is stored in the cutter head face plate part, the intermediate beam, and / or the connecting material of the tunnel boring machine and is configured to reach the face. By installing the exploration jig 61 near the face in this way, the required stroke to the face vicinity FA can be made extremely short, so that the length of the face vicinity property measuring device also becomes very short. Therefore, the exploration jig 61 can be housed inside the machine.

[0083] (6) Also, the cutter spoke 51 preferably has a (moving) stirring blade 54 or a storage box 54A on the rear side, and at least a part of the exploration jig 61 or the jack 62 is stored in the (moving) stirring blade 54 or the storage box 54A. When the face vicinity property measuring device 6 becomes larger than the depth of the cutter spoke 51, it can also be arranged inside by using the (moving) stirring blade 54 or the storage box 54A arranged behind the cutter spoke 51. At this time, the line for the hydraulic oil for driving the jack 62 and the signal line from the displacement sensor 66 pass through the center shaft (cutter rotation shaft 10) and lead to the inside of the shield machine behind the partition wall 3.

[0084] In this modified example, since the face vicinity property measurement device 6 is housed within the cutter spoke 51, there is no need to arrange the measurement device in a narrow space within the shield machine. Also, since the measurement device can be moved by rotating the cutter head 5, it becomes possible to perform measurements at any point on a circle with a fixed radius from the shield center.

[0085] ·Furthermore, since the face vicinity property measurement devices 6D and 6E further include a pressure gauge 22A for measuring the earth pressure in the face vicinity FA or a piezometer 23A for measuring the pore water pressure in the face vicinity FA on the exploration jig 61, in addition to displacement, by measuring the earth pressure and pore water pressure, the properties around the face (natural ground) can be analyzed in more detail and accurately.

[0086] Also, since the exploration jig 61 of the face vicinity property measurement device 6E has the same cross-sectional shape from the tip to the rear, it is easy to penetrate into the face vicinity FA with a small load, and the range of selection of the advancing / retreating structure can be expanded. Also, it is possible to prevent the accidental incorporation of earth and sand when storing the exploration jig. And since the measurement devices are provided at the substantially central part and the side part of the tip of the exploration jig 61, it becomes possible to simultaneously measure the properties of the face vicinity and the face within the chamber.

[0087] (7) Furthermore, since the tip of the exploration jig 61 is a cutter bit 52, if it is configured to extend the exploration jig 61 to the position of the face vicinity FA and then advance before stopping the excavation, it becomes possible to surely bring the exploration jig 61 into contact with the face even in hard ground where penetration is difficult.

[0088] (8) Also, by further providing a chamber internal pressure gauge 22A for measuring the pressure within the chamber 16 of the earth pressure balance shield 1 as a tunnel boring machine, and / or a chamber internal piezometer 23A for measuring the pore water pressure within the chamber 16, in addition to displacement, by measuring the pressure and pore water pressure, the properties within the chamber 16 can be analyzed in more detail and accurately.

[0089] (9) And the management earth pressure setting system S of this embodiment is a management earth pressure setting system S in the earth pressure balance shield 1 as a tunnel boring machine, which includes a pressure gauge 22 for measuring the earth pressure in the chamber 16, an earth pressure change means for changing the earth pressure in the chamber 16, which is the muck discharging device 17, a face vicinity property measuring device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E) for measuring the displacement of the vicinity of the face FA, an analysis unit 41 for analyzing the deformation characteristics of the ground based on the measured earth pressure, the measured displacement of the vicinity of the face FA, and the measured pore water pressure in the vicinity of the face FA, and a setting unit 42 for setting the management earth pressure based on the analyzed deformation characteristics. Because of such a configuration, for the management earth pressure setting system S, the management earth pressure can be set not by setting based on assumptions or estimations, but by directly measuring the relationship between the earth pressure in the chamber and the displacement near the face.

[0090] (10) Further, when the tunnel boring machine stops, the earth pressure in the chamber 16 is decompressed by slightly discharging the muck by the muck discharging device 17 as the earth pressure change means, so that the active earth pressure can be obtained from the deformation of the ground by the analysis unit 41. Therefore, when the shield tunneling machine stops tunneling - for example, during segment erection - the inside of the chamber 16 is slightly decompressed to slightly displace the vicinity of the face FA toward the chamber 16 side, and the yield point can be directly obtained by analyzing the yield point from the transition region in the relationship graph between the earth pressure and the displacement amount near the face.

[0091] (11) In addition, based on the analyzed deformation characteristics of the ground, the analysis unit 41 estimates the mechanical constants of the ground by inverse analysis, updates the FEM model using the estimated mechanical constants of the ground, and predicts the influence on the surrounding ground and / or structures using the updated FEM model. Therefore, although it is not completely real-time, by updating the FEM model at intervals much finer than before, approaching real-time update, the characteristics of the ground can be made much closer to the actual characteristics. For this reason, the prediction and impact evaluation by the FEM model can be realized with extremely high accuracy.

[0092] As described above, the embodiments and variations of the present invention have been detailed with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments and variations, and design changes that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention.

[0093] For example, in the embodiments and variations, the face vicinity property measuring device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E) is described as being installed at a predetermined position. However, it is not limited thereto. For example, in the embodiments, the first and third variations, as shown in the drawings, it may be in the middle between the shield center of the partition wall 3 and the hood portion, or may be at a position closer to the hood portion. Also, in the second variation, it may be at the middle position of the cutter spoke 51 as shown in the drawings, or may be near the shield center or near the tip of the cutter spoke 51. Further, it may be attached outwardly to the outermost periphery of the cutter spoke 51. Additionally, it may be installed on the cutter head face plate portion or the intermediate beam connecting member.

[0094] Furthermore, although not shown in the drawings, the face vicinity property measuring device may be installed within cutter head constituent members such as the cutter head face plate portion, the intermediate beam, and / or the connecting member. In this case, the cutter head face plate portion, the intermediate beam, the connecting member, etc. constitute a part of the cutter head.

[0095] Also, in the embodiment, the management earth pressure setting system S using the face vicinity property measuring device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E) has been described. However, it is not limited thereto. For example, it can also be used in a system for exploring the loosening of the face using the face vicinity property measuring device 6 (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E).

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0096] 1: Earth pressure shield (tunnel boring machine) 2: Skin plate 2a: Hood portion 2b: Tail portion 3: Partition wall 5: Cutter head 6: Face vicinity property measuring device (embodiment) 6A - 6E: Face vicinity property measuring device (variation) 10: Cutter rotation shaft 11: Bearing 12: Cutter drive unit 13: Gear box 14: Rotary drive source 15: Erector 16: Chamber 17: Earth discharging device 18: Shield propulsion jack 19: Tail seal 21: Working soil material supply pipe 22, 22A: Pressure gauge 23, 23A: Water pressure gauge 40: Control unit 41: Analysis unit 42: Setting unit 43: Communication cable 51: Cutter spoke 52: Cutter bit 53: Fish tail bit 54: (Moving) Stirring blade 54A: Storage box 55: Fixed stirring blade 55A: Storage box 61: Exploration jig 610: Tip 611a: Conical part 611b: Arrow part 611c: Drill part 612: Flange part 613: Body part 62: Jack 62a: Cylinder part 62b: Rod part 63: Hydraulic chuck 64: Detection unit 65: Guide 66: Displacement sensor 67: Water stop device 68: Valve (ball valve) 68A: Valve (ball valve) 68B: Disconnecting device (hydraulic chuck) 69: Second jack (in-machine forward and backward means) 70: Bracket 90: Segment S: Setting system for controlled earth pressure F: Face FA: Vicinity of the face

Claims

1. A face vicinity property measurement device used in a tunnel boring machine, comprising: a probing tool stored in the tunnel boring machine and reaching a position near the face; a reciprocating means for reciprocating the probing tool between the inside of the tunnel boring machine and a position near the face; a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement amount of the probing tool, a pressure gauge for measuring the earth pressure near the face, and / or a water pressure gauge for measuring the pore water pressure near the face.

2. The probing tool is stored in a fixed stirring blade protruding into the chamber from the partition wall of the tunnel boring machine or in a storage box, and is configured to reach the face from the tip of the fixed stirring blade or the storage box. The face vicinity property measurement device according to claim 1.

3. The reciprocating means is composed of a cylinder part and a rod part, is stored in the fixed stirring blade or the storage box, and the rod part is also used as the probing tool and is configured to reach the face from the tip of the fixed stirring blade or the storage box. The face vicinity property measurement device according to claim 2.

4. The reciprocating means is composed of a cylinder part and a rod part, and further comprises an in-machine reciprocating means for reciprocating the cylinder part into and out of the chamber from the partition wall of the tunnel boring machine. The face vicinity property measurement device according to claim 1.

5. The probing tool is stored in the cutter head face plate part, the intermediate beam, and / or the connecting material of the tunnel boring machine, and is configured to reach the face. The face vicinity property measurement device according to claim 1.

6. The cutter spoke has a moving stirring blade or a storage box on the rear side, and at least a part of the probing tool or the reciprocating means is stored in the moving stirring blade or the storage box. The face vicinity property measurement device according to claim 5.

7. The tip of the probing tool is a cutter bit. The face vicinity property measurement device according to claim 5.

8. Further comprises a chamber internal pressure gauge for measuring the pressure in the chamber of the tunnel boring machine, and / or a chamber internal water pressure gauge for measuring the pore water pressure in the chamber. The face vicinity property measurement device according to claim 1.

9. A management earth pressure setting system in a tunnel boring machine, comprising: a pressure gauge for measuring the earth pressure in the chamber; an earth pressure changing means for changing the earth pressure in the chamber; The face-near property measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and an analysis unit that analyzes the deformation characteristics of the ground based on the measured earth pressure, the measured displacement near the face, and the measured pore water pressure near the face; a setting unit that sets a control earth pressure based on the analyzed deformation characteristics; A control earth pressure setting system comprising:

10. The control earth pressure setting system according to claim 9, wherein when the tunnel boring machine stops, the earth pressure in the chamber is reduced by the earth pressure changing means, so that the active earth pressure can be obtained from the deformation of the ground by the analysis unit.

11. The analysis unit estimates the mechanical constants of the ground by inverse analysis based on the analyzed deformation characteristics of the ground, updates the FEM model using the mechanical constants of the ground, and The control earth pressure setting system according to claim 10, wherein the influence on the surrounding ground and / or structure is predicted using the updated FEM model.

Images