Vibration control device

Abstract

To provide a vibration control device capable of suppressing vibration in the horizontal direction and vibration in the vertical direction.SOLUTION: The vibration control device includes a horizontal vibration control part 2 having a first weight 21 added to a structure for reducing the vibration in the horizontal direction of the structure while synchronizing the vibration in the horizontal direction of the first weight 21 with the vibration in the horizontal direction of the structure, and a vertical vibration control part 3 having a second weight 4 added to the horizontal vibration control part 2 for reducing the vibration in the vertical direction of the horizontal vibration control part 2 on the structure while synchronizing the vibration in the vertical direction of the second weight 4 with the vibration in the vertical direction of the horizontal vibration control part 2 on the structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vibration damping device. [Background technology]

[0002] Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are a type of vibration control device used in high-rise buildings. These devices attach weights to the top of the building, offsetting the shaking of the building. In recent years, large-scale TMDs, consisting of weights weighing several hundred tons, have been developed as earthquake countermeasures to prevent large horizontal deformation of buildings caused by earthquakes.

[0003] On the other hand, super-high-rise buildings have large building masses and long building vibration periods, so in order to synchronize the TMD, the period must be lengthened.To achieve this, for example, laminated rubber bearings that support the TMD weights are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1-105878 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] When the laminated rubber bearings are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction, measures against the pull-out of the laminated rubber bearings due to the vertical movement of an earthquake and excessive stress acting on the beam supporting the TMD become issues. This is because the laminated rubber bearings have rigidity not only horizontally but also vertically, and by arranging the laminated rubber bearings in multiple stages in the vertical direction, the period in the vertical direction extends in the same way as in the horizontal direction, which becomes apparent. Specifically, when a 900-ton weight is supported at four locations with three φ1000 natural rubber-based laminated rubber bearings connected in series in the vertical direction, the fundamental natural period in the vertical direction is approximately 0.1 seconds. If the vertical movement of an earthquake acts without any damping material in the vertical direction, there is a risk of resonating at this 0.1-second period and vibrating greatly in the vertical direction, generating an acceleration exceeding 1G. As a result, for the laminated rubber bearings, measures are required against the TMD lifting up and causing tensile stress in the laminated rubber bearings. For the beam supporting the TMD, in addition to the stress caused by the self-weight of the TMD weight, measures are also required against the excessive external force caused by the vertical movement during an earthquake. Therefore, it is uneconomical.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration control device capable of suppressing vibrations in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] To achieve the above object, the vibration control device according to the present invention adds a first weight to a structure, and a horizontal motion vibration control unit that synchronizes the horizontal vibration of the first weight with the horizontal vibration of the structure to reduce the horizontal vibration of the structure, and adds a second weight to the horizontal motion vibration control unit, and a vertical motion vibration control unit that synchronizes the vertical vibration of the second weight with the vertical vibration of the horizontal motion vibration control unit with respect to the structure to reduce the vertical vibration of the horizontal motion vibration control unit with respect to the structure.

[0008] In the vibration damping device according to the present invention, the vertical vibration damping part may include a second weight installed on the first weight, a vertical spring provided between the first weight and the second weight for connecting the first weight and the second weight, and a damping element provided in parallel with the vertical spring between the first weight and the second weight for connecting the first weight and the second weight.

[0009] In the present invention, since a vertical vibration damping part that synchronizes with the vertical vibration of the horizontal vibration damping part is provided in the horizontal vibration damping part that suppresses horizontal vibration, both horizontal vibration and vertical vibration can be suppressed.

[0010] In the vibration damping device according to the present invention, the second weight may reduce the horizontal vibration of the structure in synchronization with the horizontal vibration of the structure as a part of the first weight.

[0011] Since the second weight can be used as a part of the first weight, the size reduction and space saving of the vibration damping device can be achieved.

[0012] In the vibration damping device according to the present invention, the horizontal vibration damping part may include a first weight installed on the installation surface of the structure, and a plurality of laminated rubber bearings arranged in series in the vertical direction between the first weight and the installation surface for connecting the structure and the first weight and supporting the first weight and the structure to be relatively displaceable in the horizontal direction.

[0013] By configuring the horizontal vibration damping part such that a plurality of laminated rubber bearings are arranged in series in the vertical direction, the long period of the horizontal vibration damping part can be realized, so that the vibration damping device can be adopted for super high-rise buildings. Generally, when laminated rubber bearings are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction, there are concerns about the pulling out of the laminated rubber due to the vertical movement of an earthquake and excessive stress acting on the beam supporting the vibration damping device. In contrast, the vibration damping device is provided with a vertical vibration damping part to suppress vertical vibration, so that the pulling out of the laminated rubber and excessive stress acting on the beam supporting the vibration damping device can be prevented.

[0014] In the vibration damping device according to the present invention, the horizontal motion vibration damping unit may include a plurality of first weight divided bodies obtained by dividing the first weight installed on the installation surface of the structure and arranging them in series in the vertical direction, and a plurality of laminated rubber bearings arranged in series in the vertical direction and provided between the weights adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and between the lowermost weight and the installation surface, respectively, for supporting the weights adjacent to each other vertically and the lowermost weight and the structure so as to be horizontally relatively displaceable.

[0015] With such a configuration, the uppermost weight can be reduced, so that the vibration damping device can be downsized while maintaining high vibration damping performance.

Effect of the Invention

[0016] According to the present invention, vibrations in the horizontal direction and vibrations in the vertical direction can be suppressed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017]

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0018] Hereinafter, the vibration control device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the vibration control device 1 according to the present embodiment is provided at the top of a structure such as the rooftop of a super high-rise building. In the present embodiment, the vibration control device 1 is installed on a beam 12 provided at the top of the structure. The surface of the beam 12 on which the vibration control device 1 is installed is denoted as the installation surface 13. The beam 12 is fixed to the structure via a column 14 provided at the top of the structure.

[0019] The vibration control device 1 has a horizontal vibration control unit 2 and a vertical vibration control unit 3. The horizontal vibration control unit 2 constitutes a TMD for horizontal vibration countermeasures that synchronizes the horizontal vibration of the first weight 21 added to the structure with the horizontal vibration of the structure to reduce the horizontal vibration of the structure. The vertical vibration control unit 3 constitutes a TMD for vertical vibration countermeasures that synchronizes the vertical vibration of the second weight 4 added to the horizontal vibration control unit 2 with the vertical vibration of the horizontal vibration control unit 2 with respect to the structure to reduce the vertical vibration of the horizontal vibration control unit 2 with respect to the structure.

[0020] The horizontal motion damping unit 2 includes a first weight 21, a laminated rubber bearing 22, and an intermediate frame 23. The first weight 21 is provided above the installation surface 13. A plurality of laminated rubber bearings 22 are arranged vertically between the installation surface 13 and the first weight 21. In this embodiment, the laminated rubber bearings 22 are arranged in three stages in the vertical direction. The laminated rubber bearings 22 arranged in three stages in the vertical direction are denoted as a first laminated rubber bearing 221, a second laminated rubber bearing 222, and a third laminated rubber bearing 223 from the lower side to the upper side. An intermediate frame 23 is provided between the adjacent first laminated rubber bearing 221 and second laminated rubber bearing 222 in the vertical direction, and between the second laminated rubber bearing 222 and the third laminated rubber bearing 223. The laminated rubber bearing 22 and the intermediate frame 23 are connected.

[0021] The first laminated rubber bearing 221 horizontally and displaceably connects the beam 12 disposed below and the intermediate frame 23 disposed above. The second laminated rubber bearing 222 horizontally and displaceably connects the intermediate frames 23, 23 disposed above and below. The third laminated rubber bearing 223 horizontally and displaceably connects the intermediate frame 23 disposed below and the first weight 21 disposed above.

[0022] The vertical motion damping unit 3 is provided above the first weight 21. As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical motion damping unit 3 may be provided on the upper surface 211 of the first weight 21. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the vertical motion damping unit 3 may be provided in a recess 212 formed in the first weight 21 and opening upward.

[0023] The vertical motion damping unit 3 includes a second weight 4, a vertical spring 5, a damping element 6, and a guide unit 7. The second weight 4 is provided above the first weight 21. The vertical spring 5 is provided between the first weight 21 and the second weight 4 to connect the first weight 21 and the second weight 4. The damping element 6 is provided between the first weight 21 and the second weight 4 to connect the first weight 21 and the second weight 4. The guide unit 7 guides the vertical movement of the second weight 4 and restrains the horizontal movement. The vertical spring 5 and the damping element 6 act in the vertical direction.

[0024] The second weight 4 is composed of concrete or reinforced concrete, iron, sand, water, etc. The second weight 4 may be any material that can obtain weight. The vertical spring 5 is composed of a coil spring, a disc spring, rubber, laminated rubber, a leaf spring, an air spring, etc. The vertical spring 5 may be composed by combining the above springs. The vertical spring 5 may be any member that can support the weight of the second weight 4 and has a deformation stroke of about 10 mm to 100 mm. The damping element 6 may be any member having damping, such as an oil damper of a viscous damper proportional to the acting speed or a viscoelastic damper. Note that the vertical spring 5 and the damping element 6 may be integrated.

[0025] In this embodiment, since the second weight 4 vibrates only in the vertical direction, the second weight 4 is also used as part of the weight of the TMD in the horizontal motion vibration control unit 2. That is, the mass of the weight acting as a TMD in the horizontal motion vibration control unit 2 is the combined mass (m1 + m2) of the mass (m1) of the first weight 21 and the mass (m2) of the second weight 4. In order to surely obtain the response reduction effect of the TMD for vertical motion, the mass (m2) of the weight acting as a TMD in the vertical motion vibration control unit 3, that is, the second weight 4, is set to be 2% or more (μ ≧ m2 / (m2 + m1)) with respect to the mass (m2 + m1) of the weight acting as a TMD in the horizontal motion vibration control unit 2. By ensuring a mass ratio μ of 2% or more, when the period and damping are optimally tuned, an additional damping of 4% or more can be obtained with respect to the first vibration mode in the vertical direction of the TMD.

[0026] As shown in Fig. 1, when the vertical vibration damping part 3 is provided on the upper surface 211 of the first weight 21, the guide part 7 includes a steel member 71 such as an angle material provided so as to surround the second weight 4, and a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing, a vertically used laminated rubber bearing, etc. provided between the side surface of the second weight 4 and the steel member 71. a bearing material 72. As shown in Fig. 2, when the vertical vibration damping part 3 is provided in the recess 212 of the first weight 21, the guide part 7 has a bearing material 72 such as a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing, or a vertically used laminated rubber bearing provided between the side surface of the second weight 4 and the side part 213 of the recess 212. Figs. 3 and 4 show a case where the vertical vibration damping part 3 is provided in the recess 212 of the first weight 21 and a vertically used laminated rubber bearing is adopted for the bearing material 72.

[0027] When a vertically used laminated rubber bearing is adopted for the bearing material 72, this laminated rubber bearing may be used in combination with the vertical spring 5. The advantage of using a laminated rubber bearing as the vertical spring 5 is that when a horizontal movement acts on a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing, a frictional load acts in the vertical direction in proportion to the applied load, inhibiting the movement of the vertical vibration damping part 3 as a TMD. On the other hand, when a horizontal movement acts on the laminated rubber bearing, no frictional load is generated with respect to the horizontal load, so that smooth behavior can be realized and the effect of the vertical vibration damping part 3 as a TMD can be maximally exerted.

[0028] Regarding the analytical model of the vibration control device 1 shown in Fig. 5, when the laminated rubber bearing is used vertically as the vertical spring and the frictional load is not considered for the horizontal load, and when the frictional load that acts in proportion to the applied load when the horizontal movement acts is taken into account, Fig. 6 shows the simulation analysis results of the vertical acceleration when the vertical and horizontal earthquake (announcement wave Kobe phase Lv2 (UD)) is input. Fig. 6 is a graph showing the acceleration waveforms of the installation foundation (node 15, refer to Fig. 5) when the frictional load is considered and when the frictional load is not considered. It can be seen that when the frictional load is not considered, that is, when the frictional load does not act, the response acceleration is suppressed compared to the case where the frictional load acts. That is, the effect of the vibration control device 1 can be improved. In this analysis, the frictional load is analyzed by simply assuming that a frictional force with a coefficient of friction of 0.01 always occurs in the vertical direction with respect to the self-weight of the weight instead of inputting the horizontal movement simultaneously.

[0029] Next, the operation and effect of the vibration control device 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. In the vibration control device 1 according to the present embodiment, since the vertical vibration damping unit 3 that synchronizes with the vertical vibration of the horizontal vibration damping unit 2 is provided in the horizontal vibration damping unit 2 that suppresses the horizontal vibration, the horizontal vibration and the vertical vibration can be suppressed. Fig. 7 shows the state of the vibration control device 1 in which the horizontal vibration damping unit 2 and the vertical vibration damping unit 3 act simultaneously. Fig. 8 shows a graph comparing the horizontal response deformation at the top of a 30-story building when the vibration control device 1 is provided and when it is not provided by performing a response analysis. The earthquake waveform is the announcement Hachinohe NS Lv2. It can be seen from Fig. 8 that the horizontal response deformation can be suppressed when the vibration control device 1 is provided compared to when it is not provided.

[0030] In the vibration control device 1 according to the present embodiment, the second weight 4 may reduce the horizontal vibration of the structure in synchronization with the horizontal vibration of the structure as a part of the first weight 21. By adopting such a configuration, since the second weight 4 can be used as a part of the first weight 21, the vibration control device 1 can be made smaller and more space-saving.

[0031] In the vibration control device 1 according to the present embodiment, the horizontal motion vibration control unit 2 may include a first weight 21 installed on the installation surface 13 of the structure, and a plurality of laminated rubber bearings 22 arranged in series in the vertical direction between the first weight 21 and the installation surface 13, connecting the structure and the first weight 21 and supporting the first weight 21 and the structure so as to be relatively displaceable in the horizontal direction. By configuring the horizontal motion vibration control unit 2 such that a plurality of laminated rubber bearings are arranged in series in the vertical direction, the long period of the horizontal motion vibration control unit 2 can be realized, so that the vibration control device 1 can be adopted for super high-rise buildings. Generally, when laminated rubber bearings are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction, there are concerns about the pulling out of the laminated rubber due to the vertical motion of an earthquake and excessive stress acting on the beam 12 that supports the vibration control device 1. On the other hand, the vibration control device 1 is provided with a vertical motion vibration control unit, and since the vertical vibration is suppressed, it is possible to prevent the pulling out of the laminated rubber and excessive stress acting on the beam 12 that supports the vibration control device 1.

[0032] Figs. 11 and 12 show the response analysis results when vertical seismic motion (announced wave Kobe phase Lv2 (UD)) is input to the response analysis model of the rooftop frame provided with the vibration control device 1 shown in Figs. 9 and 10. The mass (m2) of the weight, i.e., the second weight 4, acting as a TMD in the vertical motion vibration control unit 3 is approximately 2.5% of the mass (m2 + m1) of the weight acting as a TMD in the horizontal motion vibration control unit 2. The mass (m2) of the second weight 4 is about 20 t. The optimum stiffness of the vertical motion vibration control unit 3 is 10.51 kN / mm, and the optimum damping is 0.089 skNs / mm. It can be seen from Fig. 11 that by installing the vibration control device 1, the maximum response acceleration in the vertical direction of the floor beam can be reduced by about 35%.

[0033] Fig. 11 shows the time history waveforms of the vertical reaction forces of the laminated rubber bearings when the vibration control device 1 is provided and when it is not provided. It can be seen from Fig. 11 that the vertical reaction force can be suppressed when the vibration control device 1 is provided compared to when it is not provided, so that the pulling out of the laminated rubber bearings arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction due to vertical motion earthquakes can be prevented.

[0034] As described above, the embodiments of the vibration control device according to the present invention have been explained. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, in the above embodiment, the horizontal vibration control unit 2 has a plurality of laminated rubber bearings 22 arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction, but they may not be arranged overlappingly in the vertical direction.

[0035] The vertical vibration control unit 3 may be installed on the intermediate frame 23 of the horizontal vibration control unit 2 instead of on the first weight 21 of the horizontal vibration control unit 2.

[0036] The first weight 21 of the horizontal vibration control unit 2 may be divided into a plurality of first weight divided bodies and provided between the laminated rubber bearings 22 arranged in the vertical direction instead of the intermediate frame 23. By adopting such a configuration, since the uppermost weight can be reduced, it is possible to achieve miniaturization of the vibration control device 1 while maintaining high vibration control performance.

[0037] There are 17 international goals adopted at the United Nations Summit in September 2015, namely the "Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)". The vibration control device according to the present embodiment can contribute to the achievement of, for example, the goal of "9. Build the foundation for industry and technological innovation" among the 17 goals of the SDGs.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0038] 1 Vibration control device 2 Horizontal vibration control unit 3 Vertical vibration control unit 4 Second weight 6 Damping element 7 Guide unit 12 Beam 13 Installation surface 14 Column 21 First weight 22 Laminated rubber bearing 71 Steel member 72 Support material 212 Recess 213 Side part

Claims

1. A horizontal motion vibration control unit that adds a first weight to a structure and reduces the horizontal vibration of the structure by synchronizing the horizontal vibration of the first weight with the horizontal vibration of the structure; A vibration control device comprising: a vertical motion vibration control unit that adds a second weight to the horizontal motion vibration control unit and reduces the vertical vibration of the horizontal motion vibration control unit with respect to the structure by synchronizing the vertical vibration of the second weight with the vertical vibration of the horizontal motion vibration control unit with respect to the structure.

2. The vertical motion vibration control unit includes: The second weight installed on the first weight; A vertical spring provided between the first weight and the second weight and connecting the first weight and the second weight; The vibration control device according to claim 1, further comprising a damping element provided in parallel with the vertical spring between the first weight and the second weight and connecting the first weight and the second weight.

3. The vibration control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second weight reduces the horizontal vibration of the structure by synchronizing the horizontal vibration with the horizontal vibration of the structure as a part of the first weight.

4. The horizontal motion vibration control unit includes: The first weight installed on the installation surface of the structure; The vibration control device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a plurality of laminated rubber bearings arranged in series in the vertical direction between the first weight and the installation surface, connecting the structure and the first weight, and supporting the first weight and the structure so as to be relatively displaceable in the horizontal direction.

5. The horizontal motion vibration control unit includes: A plurality of first weight divided bodies obtained by dividing the first weight installed on the installation surface of the structure and arranged in series in the vertical direction; The vibration control device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a plurality of laminated rubber bearings arranged in series in the vertical direction and provided between the first weight divided bodies adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and between the lowermost first weight divided body and the installation surface, and supporting the first weight divided bodies adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and the lowermost first weight divided body and the structure so as to be relatively displaceable in the horizontal direction.

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