Press processing device

Abstract

To provide a press processing device that enables an oscillator to easily adjust a resonance point of a punch, prevent a surface on which the punch is mounted from being abraded and damaged, and improve a quality in press processing.SOLUTION: A press processing device, which is composed of an upper die comprising a punch and a fixed lower die and makes an oscillator apply oscillation to a top part of the punch, has a structure in which a plate-like intermediate member is inserted between an upper surface of the punch and a bottom surface of the oscillator.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a press working apparatus, and more particularly to a press working apparatus capable of easily adjusting press working characteristics by mounting a plate-shaped intermediate member between a punch provided in an upper die and a vibrator that applies vibration.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, press working includes separation working, forming working, etc., and the apparatuses used for these workings are generally called press working apparatuses. A press working apparatus places a workpiece such as a sheet metal between dies composed of an upper die (also referred to as a "punch") and a lower die (also referred to as a "die"), sandwiches and presses the workpiece with the upper and lower dies, and processes the workpiece into a desired shape.

[0003] Separation working forms a shape by cutting the workpiece. For example, a punching process in which the workpiece is placed on the lower die and the shape is punched out with the upper die is known. Further, forming working includes, for example, bending working for bending the workpiece and drawing working for stretching and forming the workpiece. However, in separation working, "burrs" and "flashes" occur at the starting and ending portions of the shearing surface, and the states of these "burrs" and "flashes" vary depending on the thickness and type of the workpiece, the processing speed, the clearance, etc. When a large amount of "flashes" occurs, the flatness of the shearing surface is impaired, which becomes a problem when the flatness of the shearing surface is required. Also, since "burrs" have sharp tips, they can cause injuries and product failures.

[0004] In addition, in forming working, there is a risk of quality degradation due to the occurrence of "scratches" and "cracks" during bending working depending on the thickness and type of the workpiece, the processing speed, the clearance, etc. Also, in drawing working, there is a risk of the occurrence of "wrinkles" and "cracks" depending on the thickness and type of the workpiece, the processing speed, the clearance, etc.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 6427438 [Summary of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

[0006] As a solution to the above problems, for example, a press working apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6427438 (Patent Document 1) is known. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the press working apparatus 1 has a movable side portion (upper die) 2 having a punch 10 and a fixed side portion 3 having a lower die 30. The movable side portion 2 includes a punch 10, fixed plates 21A and 21B for fixing the punch 10, and a support 23 for fixing the fixed plates 21A and 21B to an upper die holder 22. The upper die holder 22 and the support 23 are fixed by bolts 24A, and similarly, the support 23 and the fixed plates 21A and 21B are fixed by bolts 24B. The punch 10 is fixed by the fixed plates 21A and 21B with a flange-shaped holding portion 11 provided in the middle portion, and the other portions are not fixed. That is, when the punch 10 is vibrated by the vibrator 20, the vibration is not transmitted to the stripper 25 or the support 23.

[0007] Further, the movable side portion 2 includes a stripper 25 for peeling when a workpiece W adheres to the punch 10, a spring 26 for urging the stripper 25 toward the lower die 30, and a guide pin 27 for stabilizing the posture of the stripper 25. Further, a vibrator 20 driven by a drive unit is provided at the vibration end (upper surface) of the punch 10.

[0008] On one side, the fixed-side part 3 includes a lower die 30 and a lower die holder 32 for fixing the lower die 30. The lower die 30 is a metal member having a predetermined thickness, and is laminated on the lower die holder 32 and fixed by bolts 34. Further, the lower die 30 has a hole 31 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the punch 10 and a hole 33 for receiving the guide pin 27. Note that the press working apparatus 1 includes a drive mechanism (not shown) for applying a force necessary for processing to the die, a control mechanism (not shown) for controlling the same, a safety device (not shown), and the like.

[0009] FIG. 2 shows a structural example of the punch 10 having a rectangular cross section. Flange-shaped holding portions 11 are provided at intermediate portions of both side surfaces, and a through hole 12 is formed horizontally by cutting out a part of the holding portion 11. The through hole 12 is one hole distributed in the vertical direction with respect to the surface of the holding portion 11. The through hole 12 is elongated in the vertical direction.

[0010] Further, FIG. 3 shows a structural example of the punch 10A having a circular cross section. A flange-shaped holding portion 11A is provided around an intermediate portion of a side surface in the height direction of the punch 10A, and a through hole 13 having an elliptical cross section is formed across the holding portion 11A. The holding portion 11A at a position intersecting with the through hole 13 is a notch.

[0011] In such a configuration, the workpiece W placed on the upper surface of the lower die 30 is subjected to separation processing by the vibration of the vibrator 20 of the punch 10. At this time, the processing quality is improved by the resonance action of the through hole 12 (or 12A) formed in the punch 10 across the holding portion 11 (or 11A). Since the long through hole 12 (or 13) formed so as to penetrate the holding portion 11 (or 11A) expands and contracts vertically and horizontally due to vibration, there is a problem that friction loss occurs due to the movement of the holding portion 11 (or 11A) in the horizontal direction (perpendicular to the axis), and the vibration transmission effect deteriorates. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, if there is a notch in the holding portion 11A, the strength of the punch 10 decreases, and it becomes difficult to provide a D cut for circumferential fixing and positioning in a punch having a circular cross section. [[ID=1,4]]

[0012] Furthermore, in the prior art, in order to obtain good vibration transmission, the resonance point (the frequency at which vibration is the greatest) is adjusted by optimizing the rigidity and weight according to the shape and diameter of the punch, etc., of the through-hole. However, when the resonance point is off, it is necessary to perform additional processing and remake it. In addition, the housing of the vibrator is generally made of an aluminum material from the viewpoint of good vibration transmission and heat generation suppression, but a super hard aluminum material may also be used. And since the punch is made of tool steel or super steel that is harder than aluminum or super hard aluminum, there is a problem that the mounting surface of the punch holding portion is damaged or worn due to damage caused by vibration or friction during screw tightening, and furthermore, this becomes a factor inhibiting vibration transmission. Also, there is a problem that the transmission environment of vibration suddenly changes from the connecting portion (vibrator side) of the lightweight and low-rigidity aluminum material to the tool steel of the upper die or the super steel that is heavy and has high rigidity, which is the mating surface (punch side) of the mounting surface.

[0013] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a press working apparatus capable of easily adjusting the resonance point of the punch by the vibrator, preventing wear and damage of the punch mounting surface, and improving the quality of press working.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0014] The present invention relates to an upper die structure in a press working apparatus including an upper die having a punch and a fixed lower die, and vibration being applied to the top of the punch by a vibrator. The above object of the present invention is achieved by inserting a plate-shaped intermediate member between the upper surface of the punch and the bottom surface of the vibrator.

Effects of the Invention

[0015] According to the press working apparatus provided with the upper die (punch) of the present invention, it is possible to protect the mounting surface of the vibrator and the punch and improve workability, and prevent deterioration of the vibration transmission characteristics due to the vibrator. That is, the connecting member between the punch and the vibrator is suitable for an aluminum material that is easy to process in order to adjust the wavelength and has excellent heat dissipation. However, since the punch is made of steel or super steel, the surface for connecting the vibrator to the punch becomes a seating surface for crimping the aluminum material and the steel or super steel. Conventionally, the connecting portion had to be disassembled and reassembled every time maintenance was performed. At this time, the seating surface of the aluminum material on the vibrator side becomes rough due to wear, nibbling damage, or biting of wear debris, etc., and gradually it becomes impossible to make close surface contact, which inhibits vibration transmission and causes performance degradation.

[0016] However, as in the present invention, by disposing and mounting a plate-shaped intermediate member between the bottom of the vibrator and the top of the punch, it is possible to easily adjust the resonance frequency of the punch, and the mounting member and the intermediate member can be fixed while the punch can be attached and detached. Further, since they are between members with high hardness, wear, adhesion of wear debris, nibbling, etc. can be reduced.

[0017] Also, when a plurality of opposing locations on the periphery of the circular intermediate member are cut in parallel to provide flat portions for fastening the screws for attaching the intermediate member and adjusting the weight of the upper die, tightening can be easily performed using a tool such as a spanner by utilizing the width of each of these two surfaces. It can be done in one attachment to the attachment portion of the vibrator made of aluminum material, and the removal of the punch and the intermediate member made of a hard material can be easily done using the width of the two surfaces of the intermediate member, so damage to the vibrator etc. can be avoided.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018]

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Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] Figure 4 shows a structural example of a generally circular cross-sectional punch 100 in a perspective view. It has a cylindrical stepped structure as a whole. Between the upper transmission part 102 and the lower press part 103, there is a body part 104 with a relatively small diameter. A holding part 101 with a seat surface thickness D and a seat surface width W is provided in a flange shape around the periphery of the body part 104. The upper surface of the transmission part 102 serves as a mounting surface 102A for mounting a vibrator, and a screw hole 106 for mounting the vibrator 120 with a screw is formed in the central part of the plane. Also, the bottom surface of the press part 103 serves as a cutting edge 103A.

[0020] The punch 100 in FIG. 4 does not have a through-hole, but punches such as those shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 can also be the subject of the present invention. The punch 10 in FIG. 5(A) is one in which the holding portion 11 in the conventional FIG. 2 has no notch, and the punch 10A in FIG. 5(B) is one in which the holding portion 11A in the conventional FIG. 3 has no notch. Each punch has one through-hole and no notch is provided in the holding portion. The punch 100 in FIG. 6 is provided with a holding portion 100-1 without a notch in the middle portion, a through-hole 100-2 is provided in the upper punch body on the upper surface side of the holding portion 100-1, and a through-hole 100-3 is provided in the lower punch body on the lower surface side. An example is shown. Also, the punch 100 shown in FIG. 7 is the same as the punch in FIG. 6, but the surfaces of the holding portion 100-1 respectively constitute a part of the through-holes 100-2 and 100-3. Since the punches in FIGS. 6 and 7 are provided with two through-holes 100-2 and 100-3 above and below the holding portion 100-1, adjustment of the resonance frequency is easy. The present invention can be applied to both punches without through-holes and punches with through-holes. In the following description, for convenience, it will be described as a punch without a through-hole.

[0021] FIG. 8 shows in cross-sectional structure the state in which the punch 100 shown in FIG. 4 is mounted on a press working apparatus. The transmission portion 102 of the punch 100 is fitted into the punch holder 110, and the holding portion 101 is sandwiched and fixed by the punch plate 112 via the packing plate 111. A screw rod 121 is screwed into the screw hole 106 of the punch 100 so that the vibration of the vibrator 120 is applied. Further, the screw rod 121 is screwed into the screw hole 120A of the vibrator 120, and the vibrator 120 is mounted on the upper surface 102A of the punch 100.

[0022] In such a configuration, when the vibration of the vibrator 120 is applied to the punch 100, due to the resonance effect of the transmission part 102, the pressing part 103, and the holding part 101 of the punch 100, with respect to the vertical vibration (simple vibration) applied to the top of the punch 100 as shown in Fig. 9(A), as shown in Fig. 9(B), the position of the holding part 101 becomes a node (displacement = 0) of the displacement (vibration), and the top of the transmission part 102 and the cutting edge 103A of the pressing part 103 respectively become the antinodes (maximum displacement) of the displacement (vibration), which is desirable from the processing characteristics of the press working apparatus. For this purpose, it is necessary to adjust the rigidity and weight (mass) of the punch 100, but the emergence of an alternative adjustment mechanism to replace the adjustment of the punch itself is also desired.

[0023] Therefore, in the present invention, in a press working apparatus comprising an upper die having a punch 100 and a fixed lower die, and in which vibration is applied to the top of the punch 100 by a vibrator 120, a flange-shaped holding part 101 is provided and fixed to the periphery of the punch 100, and between the upper surface of the punch 100 and the bottom surface of the vibrator 120, there is a structure in which a plate-shaped and disc-shaped intermediate member 130 that is easy to attach and detach, has a simple structure, and can adjust the resonance frequency of the punch 100 in terms of size and material is mounted.

[0024] That is, in the present invention, as shown in Fig. 10, between the top of the punch 100 and the bottom surface of the vibrator 120, a plate-shaped and donut-shaped intermediate member 130 (seat surface thickness d, radius r) as shown in Fig. 11 is inserted and screwed with a screw rod 121 to mount the intermediate member 130 between the upper surface of the punch 100 and the bottom surface of the vibrator 120. A screw hole 131 is provided in the central part of the intermediate member 130, and the screw rod 121 is screwed into the screw of the screw hole 131 and is also screwed into the female screw of the screw hole 106 provided on the upper surface of the punch 100 and the female screw of the screw hole 120A provided on the bottom surface of the vibrator 120, and is firmly mounted in the structure as shown in Fig. 10. The size (seat surface thickness d, radius r) and material of the punch 100 are set so as to realize the relationship between the node and the antinode as shown in Fig. 9(B). Regardless of the presence or absence of a through hole, the relationship between the node and the antinode can be realized.

[0025] In such a configuration, the vibration oscillated from the vibrator 120 is adjusted by the mounting member such as the screw rod 121, and is transmitted from the bottom surface of the vibrator 120 through the intermediate member 130 and further through the mounting surface 102A of the transmission unit 102 to the cutting edge on the punch 100 side. Here, an intermediate member 130 having a connection function to both members is inserted between the bottom surface of the vibrator 120 and the mounting surface 102A of the punch 100. This intermediate member 130 has a function as a member for adjusting the overall length, and by appropriately selecting the seat surface thickness d, radius r, and material, the rigidity, weight, and wavelength (resonance frequency) of the punch 100 can be adjusted. Further, by appropriately selecting the material of the intermediate member 130, such as copper or iron, the Young's modulus and weight can be adjusted, and the resonance point can be easily adjusted.

[0026] Super steel materials and tool steels are very hard and difficult to perform additional processing on. For such materials that are difficult to perform additional processing, conventionally, the punch 100 itself has been polished to adjust the resonance point. Therefore, time-consuming and costly processes such as polishing and wire cutting must be used. However, the structure of the intermediate member 130 according to the present invention is simple and extremely easy to install, so it is very effective. Furthermore, the conventional adjustment process of reducing the thickness of the machinable part by polishing, wire cutting, etc. has a strong tendency to raise the resonance point of the punch, and there is a problem that separate measures must be taken to lower the resonance point. In contrast, in the present invention, it is only necessary to design on the premise of using the intermediate member 130. Therefore, by changing the intermediate member 130, the resonance point can be easily adjusted up and down. The actual characteristics will be described later.

[0027] In the above-described embodiment, the intermediate member 130 and the threaded rod 121 as the connecting member are separately attached. However, an intermediate member 130A in which the mounting screws 132 and 133 as shown in FIG. 12 are integrated may be used. That is, a mounting screw 132 that is screwed into the screw hole 120A of the vibrator 120 is vertically provided on the upper surface of the disk portion (seat surface thickness d, diameter R (= 2r)), and a mounting screw 133 that is screwed into the screw hole 106 of the punch 100 is vertically provided on the lower surface of the disk portion and is integrated. Even with the intermediate member 130A in which such mounting screws are integrated, the mounting structure to the press working apparatus is the same as that in FIG. 10.

[0028] In the case of the intermediate member 130A in which the mounting screws are integrated, when mounting by screwing, since the rotation of the intermediate member 130A cannot be smoothly performed with a tool such as a wrench, as shown in FIG. 13(A), two opposing locations on the side surface of the disk portion are cut in parallel to form flat portions 130B-1 and 130B-2. By forming such two opposing flat portions 130B-1 and 130B-2, it is possible to easily rotate with a tool such as a wrench using the two-side width D, so that the mounting of the intermediate member 130B becomes even easier. Also, as shown in FIG. 13(B), two two-side widths D1 and D2 may be provided.

[0029] FIG. 14 shows an example of the natural resonance frequency characteristics according to the seat surface thickness d and the diameter R (= 2r) of the intermediate members 130, 130A, 130B (hereinafter simply referred to as "intermediate members"). FIG. 14(A) shows the characteristics when the two-sided width D as shown in FIG. 13(A) is provided, and FIG. 14(B) shows the characteristics when no two-sided width is provided as shown in FIG. 12. From these characteristic diagrams, it can be seen that in any case, as the diameter R increases, the resonance frequency changes so as to decrease, and as the seat surface thickness d of the intermediate member increases, the resonance frequency changes so as to decrease. Therefore, the resonance frequency can be adjusted by appropriately changing the seat surface thickness d and the diameter R of the intermediate member. Also, regarding the presence or absence of the two-sided width, since the change in the resonance frequency is larger when there is no two-sided width, there is an advantage that the adjustment frequency range can be widened. Therefore, even when the two-sided width is provided, it is desirable that the flat surface at the end of the intermediate member be smaller.

[0030] FIG. 15 shows a state where a washer 140 is engaged with the upper surface (seat surface) of the intermediate member 130A and a washer 141 is engaged with the bottom surface (seat surface). An example of the mounting structure to the press working device is shown in FIG. 16. The washer 140 is pressed against the bottom surface of the vibrator 120, and the washer 141 is pressed against the upper surface 102A of the punch 100 and mounted. In this example, the washers 140 and 141 are engaged with the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate member 130A, but either one of them may be used.

[0031] In the above description, the shape of the intermediate member is a plate-shaped disc, but it may be a rectangular plate-shaped intermediate member 130C as shown in FIG. 17(A), a hexagonal plate-shaped intermediate member 130D as shown in FIG. 17(B), or other polygons. The size of the intermediate member is preferably the same as or larger than the mounting surface (bottom surface) of the vibrator.

[0032] In the above example, the punch is described as having a circular cross-sectional shape as shown in Fig. 4, but a punch with a rectangular cross-section as shown in Fig. 18 may also be used. That is, in the example of Fig. 18(A), holding portions 101A and 101B without notches are provided on the outer surface of the punch 100 so as to be orthogonal to the through holes 100-2 and 100-3. In the example of Fig. 18(B), holding portions 101C and 101D without notches are provided on the outer surface of the punch 100 so as to be parallel to the through holes 100-2 and 100-3. In the example of Fig. 18(C), holding portions 101A and 101B without notches are provided on the outer surface of the punch 100 so as to be orthogonal to the through holes 100-2 and 100-3, and holding portions 101C and 101D without notches are provided on the outer surface of the punch 100 so as to be parallel to the through holes 100-2 and 100-3. Even with such a configuration, the same effects as described above can be obtained. Although Fig. 18 shows an example in which through holes 100-2 and 100-3 are provided, the through holes may not be provided.

[0033] Here, the effects when the intermediate member is attached to the upper die of the press working apparatus will be described. (1) By changing the material of the intermediate member, the Young's modulus and weight can be adjusted. (2) By increasing or decreasing the seat surface thickness d of the intermediate member, the rigidity and weight can be adjusted. (3) By widening or narrowing the seat surface width (radius r or diameter R) of the intermediate member, the rigidity and weight can be adjusted. (4) By using fixation with screws (studs), the rigidity and weight can be adjusted with the axial rigidity of the screws (the diameter and length of the shaft portion outside the effective screw length). (5) By inserting washers between the intermediate member and the seat surfaces of the respective connection portions, the rigidity and weight can be adjusted in the same manner as in (1) to (3) above.

[0034] In addition, by mounting the intermediate member, wear of the connection surface of the mounting member can be reduced. That is, the vibrator 120 is composed of, for example, a piezoelectric element, oscillates due to the inverse piezoelectric effect, and adjusts and transmits the wavelength and amplitude of the expansion and contraction motion. Therefore, a vibrator using an aluminum material with excellent effects is common, and the punch 100 serving as the vibrated member is vibrated by the vibrator made of aluminum material. Since the punch 100 uses a super steel material or a steel material, the Young's modulus changes drastically, and particularly due to repeated small amplitudes, damage to each connection surface of the aluminum material becomes severe. Even if the mounting member and the punch vibrate at the same frequency, the amplitude of the mounting member made of aluminum material is large, the weight is large, and it changes drastically at the connection surface (contact surface) with the punch having high rigidity. Therefore, heat generation and wear occur due to the repeated amplitude. However, by mounting the intermediate member of the present invention, these problems can be solved. Do as follows (a) to (d). (a) For vibration transmission, use an intermediate member having an intermediate amplitude such as iron or copper for a super steel material having a Young's modulus intermediate between that of an aluminum material and a super steel material or a steel material, or copper material for a steel material. This can relax the sudden difference in amplitude and the high hardness difference, and protect the connection surface. (b) Using the above materials, increase the seat surface thickness d of the intermediate member to reduce the rigidity and relieve heat generation and wear of the connection surface. (c) Utilize fixing with screws to reduce the rigidity by the axial rigidity of the screws (especially by extending the shaft outside the effective screw length on the punch 100 side and reducing the diameter), and relieve heat generation and wear of the connection surface. (d) Insert washers between the seat surface of the intermediate member and the seat surfaces of the respective connection parts, and adjust the rigidity and weight in the same manner as in (a) to (c) above.

[0035] Although the press working apparatus has been described above, it is not limited to the punch of the press. The reaction force of the pressing force of the end pressing part is supported by a flange-shaped holding part, and the vibration can be applied to the entire mechanism located on the opposite side across the holding part, such as a pressing machine, a vibrating machine, etc. Further, by not transmitting the processing reaction force such as pressing, pushing, and punching the workpiece to the vibration source and the transmission part, it is not necessary to provide strength and rigidity other than the purpose (vibration excitation / vibration transmission) at the same part, and the efficiency of vibration excitation / vibration transmission is improved.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0036] 1 Press working device 2 Movable side part (upper die) 3 Fixed side part 10, 10A Punch 11, 11A Holding member 12, 13 Through hole 20 Vibrator 21A, 21B Fixed plate 22 Upper die holder 23 Support 24A, 24B, 34 Bolt 25 Stripper 26 Spring 27 Guide pin 30 Lower die 31, 33 Hole 32 Lower die holder 100 Punch 101 Holding part 102 Transmission part 103 Press part 104 Barrel part 106 Threaded hole 110 Punch holder 111 Packing plate 112 Punch plate 120 Vibrator 121 Threaded rod 130, 130A, 130B Intermediate member 130B-1, 130B-2 Flat part 131 Threaded hole 132, 133 Mounting screw 140, 141 Washer

Claims

1. In a press working apparatus comprising an upper die having a punch and a fixed lower die, wherein vibration is applied from a vibrator to the top of the punch, a press working apparatus characterized in that a plate-shaped intermediate member is inserted between the upper surface of the punch and the bottom surface of the vibrator.

2. The press working apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the punch is circular, a flange-shaped holding portion is peripherally provided without notch on the outer peripheral edge of the middle part of the punch, and the holding portion is gripped and fixed.

3. The press working apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the punch is rectangular, a flange-shaped holding portion is provided opposite on the outer surface of the punch without notch, and the holding portion is gripped and fixed.

4. The press working apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the size and the seat surface thickness of the intermediate member are adjusted such that the vibration of the vibrator becomes a node at the holding portion of the punch and an antinode at the top and bottom of the punch.

5. The press working apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the vibrator is fixed to the top of the punch by sandwiching the intermediate member with bolts.

6. The press working apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a washer is inserted between at least one of the vibrator and the intermediate member and between the intermediate member and the punch.

7. The press working apparatus according to claim 5, wherein two cut surfaces with a parallel cut are formed at two opposing positions on the plate-shaped side surface of the intermediate member.

8. The press working apparatus according to claim 5, wherein two cut surfaces with a parallel cut are formed at four opposing positions on the plate-shaped side surface of the intermediate member.

9. The press working apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate member is a plate-shaped polygon and is the same as or larger than the bottom surface of the vibrator.

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