Sheet material and absorbent article including the sheet material

Abstract

To provide a sheet for absorbent articles that offers pleasant skin feel and permits liquid to pass through.SOLUTION: A sheet for an absorbent article, comprising: a thermoplastic resin film in which frustoconical through-holes are formed in alignment at regular intervals; and an air-through nonwoven fabric laminated and fusion-bonded with the film, the fiber surface of the nonwoven fabric being made of the same material as the film.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a sheet material and an absorbent article comprising the sheet material. [Background technology]

[0002] Absorbent articles such as disposable diapers, absorbent pads, and sanitary products have been developed (for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-140559 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The skin-facing component of an absorbent article is required to be comfortable against the skin because it is in contact with the wearer's skin for a long time. It is also desirable that the skin-facing component not only be comfortable against the skin, but also be permeable to liquids that may form between the wearer and the absorbent article, and be able to quickly relieve the wet skin condition. Here, liquids that may form between the wearer and the absorbent article include those containing solids, such as cloudy urine and watery feces.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a sheet material that is soft to the touch and permeable to liquids. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A sheet material according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a thermoplastic resin film having truncated cone-shaped through holes aligned at equal intervals, and an air-through nonwoven fabric laminated and fused to the film, the fiber surface of which is made of the same material as the film. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, a sheet material that is soft to the touch and permeable to liquids can be provided. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the appearance of an absorbent pad. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the absorbent pad. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a plan view of the absorbent pad. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an absorbent pad. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the inner end portion in the longitudinal direction of the pocket sheet. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a micrograph of the sheet material. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an outline of the sheet material according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an outline of a sheet material according to the second embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an outline of a sheet material according to the third embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an outline of a sheet material according to the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The following describes an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment described below is one aspect of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

[0010] <Absorbent articles> In this embodiment, a disposable absorbent pad will be described as an example of an absorbent article for which an absorbent article sheet can be used. In a disposable absorbent pad, the direction connecting the front body portion facing the wearer's abdomen and the back body portion facing the back is defined as the longitudinal direction. A crotch portion, which is positioned between the front body portion (one side in the longitudinal direction) and the back body portion (the other side in the longitudinal direction) (at the center in the longitudinal direction) and is located adjacent to the wearer's crotch area (facing the crotch area). When the absorbent pad is worn by a wearer (hereinafter referred to as the "worn state"), the side facing the wearer's skin (the inner side in the worn state) is defined as the skin-facing side, and the side opposite the skin-facing side (the outer side in the worn state) is defined as the non-skin-facing side. Furthermore, the direction connecting the skin-facing side and the non-skin-facing side is defined as the thickness direction, and the direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction is defined as the width direction. A view from the thickness direction is defined as a planar view. The absorbent pad has a length along a longitudinal direction corresponding to the front-to-back direction of the wearer, and a length along a width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, terms related to directions used in this application refer to directions corresponding to the front-to-back and left-to-right directions of the wearer when the absorbent pad is worn on the wearer. For example, the front-to-back direction in this application refers to the direction corresponding to the front-to-back and left-to-right directions of the wearer when the absorbent pad is worn on the wearer, and the left-to-right direction in this application refers to the direction corresponding to the left-to-right directions of the wearer when the absorbent pad is worn on the wearer.

[0011] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an absorbent pad 1. The absorbent pad 1 is used to absorb and retain liquids such as urine, and can be used alone by placing it on the skin-facing side of underwear, or it can be used layered inside a disposable diaper. The absorbent pad 1 has a crotch region 1B corresponding to the crotch area that covers the wearer's genitals when worn, a front body region 1F located in front of the crotch region 1B and corresponding to the front of the wearer, and a back body region 1R located behind the crotch region 1B and corresponding to the back of the wearer.

[0012] The absorbent pad 1 has an absorbent body 6, which can absorb and retain liquid, arranged mainly around the crotch region 1B. The absorbent pad 1 also has three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R (an example of a "leak-proof wall" as referred to in this application) arranged mainly around the crotch region 1B of the wearer to prevent the formation of gaps between the absorbent pad 1 and the wearer's skin that could serve as a liquid leakage path. The three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R adhere closely to the wearer's skin due to the elastic force of the elastic members. Therefore, liquid excreted by the wearer is absorbed by the absorbent body 6 without leaking from the diaper 1. The elastic members may be selected from thread-like or strip-like rubber, etc., as appropriate.

[0013] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the absorbent pad 1. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the absorbent pad 1 in a stretched state, viewed from the skin-facing side. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the absorbent pad 1 taken along line AA in FIG. 3. In the cross-sectional views shown below, each component of the absorbent pad 1 is illustrated thicker than it actually is to facilitate understanding of the internal structure of the absorbent pad 1. However, the absorbent pad 1 is actually very thin. As shown in FIG. 3, the front body region 1F is a wide region at the front side of the absorbent pad 1, and the back body region 1R is a wide region at the back side of the absorbent pad 1. The crotch region 1B is narrower than the front body region 1F and the back body region 1R. The center of the crotch region 1B (an example of the "crotch region center" referred to herein) is located at the center of the narrowest region of the absorber 6 in the longitudinal and width directions, 379 mm forward from the rear end of the back body region 1R. Hereinafter, the longitudinal center of the absorbent pad 1 is referred to as the central portion of the crotch region 1B. If the distance from the center of the crotch region 1B to the rear end of the back body region 1R is 379 mm, when the absorbent pad 1 is worn with the crotch area of the wearer aligned with the crotch region 1B, the outer edge of the rear end of the absorbent pad 1 in the width direction can be worn along the ilium of the wearer.

[0014] In a plan view, the absorbent pad 1 has a front body region 1F and a back body region 1R that are wider than the crotch region 1B, and the crotch region 1B has a narrowed shape. Both longitudinal ends of the absorbent pad 1 are formed in a curved shape, and the front end of the front body region 1F has a widthwise center portion that is narrower than the crotch region 1B. The absorbent pad 1 has an arc-shaped cutout on the crotch region 1B side, and the rear end of the back body region 1R has a shape in which the widthwise center protrudes outward in an arc-shaped manner in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, at both longitudinal ends of the absorbent pad 1, the widthwise outer ends have an arc-shaped cutout on the crotch region 1B side. The narrowed region in the crotch region 1B has a shape in which multiple arcs (for example, three arcs in this embodiment) extending outward in the widthwise direction are connected. This planar shape allows the absorbent pad 1 to easily conform to the wearer's abdomen and buttocks when worn.

[0015] The absorbent pad 1 includes a top sheet 8 (an example of the "water-permeable sheet" referred to in this application) that is disposed on the skin-facing side when the absorbent pad 1 is worn. The top sheet 8 is the portion that contacts the wearer's skin when the absorbent pad 1 is worn, and is a water-permeable sheet made of a liquid-permeable material that allows liquids such as urine to pass through. The top sheet 8 may be made of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a porous film, or the like. The nonwoven fabric may be made of thermoplastic resin fibers such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, or nylon that have been hydrophilized, or may be an air-through nonwoven fabric, a point-bonded nonwoven fabric, a spun-bonded nonwoven fabric, or a melt-blown nonwoven fabric.

[0016] The absorbent pad 1 comprises an absorbent body 6, a back sheet 5, and a cover sheet 4, which are laminated in this order on the non-skin facing side of the top sheet 8.

[0017] The absorbent body 6 absorbs and retains liquids such as urine. The absorbent body 6 is disposed on the non-skin-facing side of the top sheet 8, including the crotch region 1B, to absorb liquids excreted by the wearer. A hot melt adhesive HM is applied to the skin-facing side of the absorbent body 6 in multiple rows of stripes spaced apart in the width direction, and this hot melt adhesive HM bonds the absorbent body 6 to the top sheet 8. In this embodiment, the absorbent body 6 has an absorbent core 6C containing an absorbent material and core wrap sheets 7 sandwiching the absorbent core 6C from above and below. The longitudinal direction of the absorbent body 6 coincides with the longitudinal directions of the absorbent core 6C and core wrap sheet 7 and the absorbent pad 1.

[0018] The absorbent core 6C has a structure in which granular absorbent resin (polymeric water-absorbing material) such as SAP (Super Absorbent Polymer), a hydrophilic polymer with a cross-linked structure that can absorb and retain water, is held in the gaps between short fibers of cellulosic fibers such as pulp, rayon, or cotton, or short fibers made from synthetic fibers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyethylene terephthalate that have been hydrophilically treated. These short fibers and SAP are examples of absorbent materials.

[0019] In this embodiment, SAP particles refer to a resin composition containing SAP in a granular form. The term "SAP-containing resin composition" as used herein encompasses both compositions consisting solely of SAP and compositions containing SAP as the primary component, with other substances added to the extent that they do not adversely affect water absorption. Examples of "other substances" include additives such as surface modifiers added to hydrophobize the particle surface, and unreacted monomers remaining during the synthesis of SAP. SAP particles can absorb approximately 10 to 100 times their own weight in liquid. The SAP particles may be, for example, granular particles with a diameter of approximately 0.1 to 0.5 mm before absorbing liquid.

[0020] While SAP particles can gel and retain liquid, it takes a certain amount of time for them to absorb the liquid. In the absorbent pad 1, the short fibers slow down the discharged liquid while diffusing it within the absorbent core 6C until the SAP particles have absorbed the liquid, allowing a wide range of SAP particles to absorb the discharged liquid and preventing the liquid from flowing back.

[0021] The absorbent core 6C has an upper absorbent mat 6A arranged on the top sheet 8 side and a lower absorbent mat 6B arranged on the non-skin facing side. The absorbent mat 6A has a two-layer structure in which two absorbent mats, an upper absorbent mat 6A and a lower absorbent mat 6B, are stacked. The upper absorbent mat 6A and the lower absorbent mat 6B are formed from the above-mentioned short fibers. In this embodiment, SAP is mixed into the upper absorbent mat 6A and the lower absorbent mat 6B.

[0022] Alternatively, the SAP particles may be unevenly distributed in either the upper absorbent mat 6A or the lower absorbent mat 6B. For example, the SAP particles may be distributed only in the upper absorbent mat 6A, but not in the lower absorbent mat 6B. In this case, the lower absorbent mat 6B is made of short fibers only, and serves to retain and diffuse the discharged liquid and prevent it from flowing back in until it is absorbed by the SAP particles contained in the upper absorbent mat 6A.

[0023] The absorbent core 6C may also have an SAP layer (not shown) formed of a large number of SAP particles, which is disposed between the upper absorbent mat 6A and the lower absorbent mat 6B. The absorbent core 6C diffuses liquids such as urine through the lower absorbent mat 6B, and retains the liquid through the SAP layer and the SAP contained in the upper absorbent mat 6A.

[0024] When the absorbent pad 1 is viewed from above, the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A extends in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent pad 1. The end of the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A on the front body region 1F side is wider than the crotch region 1B and has a generally elliptical shape with the major axis extending in the width direction of the absorbent pad 1. The upper-layer absorbent mat 6A on the rear body region 1R side is wider than the crotch region 1B and has a generally triangular shape with the widthwise center of the outer longitudinal end located on the rear side. Furthermore, the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A does not reach the rear end of the absorbent core 6 and is formed short even within the absorbent core 6 when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent pad 1.

[0025] Furthermore, when the absorbent pad 1 is viewed from above, the area of the skin-facing side of the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A is preferably smaller than that of the non-skin-facing side, and the outer edge of the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A is preferably inclined from the non-skin-facing side toward the skin-facing side. This shape prevents acute angles from being formed on the skin-facing side of the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A, improving the feel against the skin when worn.

[0026] The lower absorbent mat 6B is disposed below (non-skin facing) the upper absorbent mat 6A when viewed from the top sheet 8 side, and has substantially the same planar shape as the absorbent pad 1. The upper absorbent mat 6A and the lower absorbent mat 6B are stacked in the thickness direction so that their respective widthwise centers are substantially aligned. In addition, in plan view, the lower absorbent mat 6B is formed to be larger than the upper absorbent mat 6A. The longitudinal direction of the absorbent body 6 coincides with the longitudinal directions of the upper and lower absorbent mats 6A and 6B and the absorbent pad 1.

[0027] The lower absorbent mat 6B has both longitudinal ends with an arc-shaped cutout at the widthwise outer end toward the center of the crotch region 1B. The widthwise outer end of the longitudinal rear end of the lower absorbent mat 6B is the position where the wearer's ilium protrudes when worn. Therefore, by cutting out the rear end of the lower absorbent mat 6B in a roughly arc-shaped shape, it conforms to the wearer's ilium when worn, preventing the absorbent core 6C from overlapping and compressing the ilium.

[0028] The lower absorbent mat 6B has a shape in which both widthwise outer ends at the longitudinal rear end extend towards the centre of the crotch region 1B. Therefore, the absorbent pad 1 has absorbent core non-extending regions 11 where the absorbent core 6C does not extend at both widthwise outer ends at the longitudinal rear end of the lower absorbent mat 6B. The boundary between the absorbent core non-extending region 11 and the absorbent core 6C is the rear end of the lower absorbent mat 6B and is curved. Because the boundary between the absorbent core non-extending region 11 and the absorbent core 6C is curved, the absorbent pad 1 does not have corners where the angle changes suddenly like a square wave. Corners where the angle changes suddenly are formed by absorbing material along the straight edge. These corners are likely to be the base points for bending the absorbent pad 1. Therefore, the absorbent pad 1 prevents bending of the absorbent pad 1 at corners where the angle changes suddenly, suppressing pressure on the wearer's skin and bedsores. Furthermore, when worn, the absorbent core non-extension region 11 corresponds to the position where the wearer's ilium protrudes. Therefore, pressure on the ilium by the absorbent core 6C is suppressed, and bedsores can be prevented.

[0029] The lower absorbent mat 6B has cutouts 12 (an example of the "cutout" in this application) at both longitudinal ends, with the widthwise center extending toward the crotch region 1B. By having the cutouts 12 in the absorbent pad 1, any creases that occur during the putting-on process can be adjusted by moving the cutouts 12 in the widthwise direction, and the rear end of the absorbent core 6C can be put on so that it is aligned with the ilium.

[0030] The absorbent pad 1 includes grooves 6L, 6H, and 6R in the absorbent core 6C that penetrate the absorbent core 6C in the thickness direction. The groove 6H is located within the longitudinal length of the absorbent core 6C, and its front-to-rear ends are contained within the absorbent core 6C. The groove 6H is located in the widthwise center of the absorbent core 6C so as to extend longitudinally. In this embodiment, the groove 6H penetrates the absorbent core 6C, which is formed from the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A and the lower-layer absorbent mat 6B, at a position corresponding to the wearer's midline when worn. Excreted liquid, such as urine, flows into the grooves 6H, moves longitudinally along the grooves 6H, and is rapidly absorbed over a wide area in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent body 6. Therefore, the absorbent pad 1 according to this embodiment includes the grooves 6H, allowing for rapid diffusion of excreted liquid. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the grooves 6H do not reach the longitudinal ends of the absorbent body 6. Therefore, the discharged liquid that has moved outward in the longitudinal direction does not reach the longitudinal ends of the absorbent body 6, but remains inside the grooves 6H and is gradually absorbed. The grooves 6H may be formed so that the skin-facing side is concave by making the absorbent material, such as short fibers, that forms the absorbent core 6C less than in parts other than the grooves 6H, or may be formed by squeezing the absorbent material that forms the skin-facing side of the absorbent core 6C in the thickness direction.

[0031] As shown in Fig. 3, in a plan view, the groove 6H has a rectangular shape with both front and rear ends formed into an arc. The front end of the groove 6H is located in the middle of the crotch region 1B, and the back end of the groove 6H is located in the front of the back body region 1R. The groove 6H has a constant width. Note that the groove 6H may be formed in a polygonal or elliptical shape instead of a rectangular shape in a plan view.

[0032] The grooves 6H include grooves 6AH formed through the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A and grooves 6BH formed through the lower-layer absorbent mat 6B. The grooves 6AH and 6BH have the same shape. The grooves 6BH are formed longer in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent pad 1 than the grooves 6AH. By shortening the grooves 6AH, the amount of urine absorbed by the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A in the crotch region 1B can be increased. Furthermore, the grooves 6BH are formed so that their front ends are aligned in the longitudinal direction with the front ends of the regions of the grooves 6L and 6R that are formed longitudinally parallel to the grooves 6H. When the groove portion 6BH is formed as described above, when the front end of the absorbent pad 1 is lifted up to put on the wearer, the absorbent pad 1 is easily bent on the imaginary straight line connecting the front end of the groove portion 6BH and the front end of the linear area in the longitudinal direction of the groove portions 6L and 6R, making it easier to put on the absorbent pad by aligning the wearer's crotch area with the crotch region 1B.

[0033] The grooves 6L and 6R are provided within the longitudinal length of the absorbent core 6C, and the front and rear ends are contained within the absorbent core 6C. The grooves 6L and 6R may be formed with a concave shape on the skin side by making the absorbent material such as short fibers forming the absorbent core 6C less than the portions other than the grooves 6L and 6R, and the absorbent material forming the skin side of the absorbent core 6C is compressed in the thickness direction. The grooves 6L, 6R are provided on the widthwise outer side of the groove 6H and penetrate the lower absorbent mat 6B. The front ends of the grooves 6L, 6R are located on the widthwise outer ends of the lower absorbent mat 6B, and the rear ends of the grooves 6L, 6R do not reach the widthwise outer ends of the lower absorbent mat 6B.

[0034] In this embodiment, the absorbent body 6 has a core wrap sheet 7. The core wrap sheet 7 is a water-permeable sheet that covers the absorbent core 6C and is approximately rectangular with its long sides extending in the longitudinal direction. The core wrap sheet 7 covers both the skin-facing side and the non-skin-facing side of the absorbent core 6C. When not in contact with exudate, the core wrap sheet 7 protects the shape of the absorbent core 6C, preventing it from losing its shape, and prevents the SAP particles contained in the upper absorbent mat 6A and the SAP particles contained in the SAP layer from escaping. Furthermore, SAP particles in a state where they have not absorbed moisture are hard and sand-like, and if these escaping SAP particles come into direct contact with the wearer's skin, they may cause discomfort to the wearer. For this reason, the absorbent core 6C is sandwiched between the core wrap sheets 7 to prevent the absorbent core 6C from losing its shape and to prevent the SAP particles from escaping outside the absorbent body 6.

[0035] In this embodiment, the core wrap sheet 7 is formed from two sheets: an upper-layer core wrap sheet 7A disposed between the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A and the top sheet 8, and a lower-layer core wrap sheet 7B disposed on the non-skin-facing side of the lower-layer absorbent mat 6B. The core wrap sheet 7 is made of a pulp fiber sheet, a thin nonwoven fabric, or the like. In this embodiment, a nonwoven fabric is used for the upper-layer core wrap sheet 7A, and a tissue paper is used for the lower-layer core wrap sheet 7B. Alternatively, tissue paper may be used for the upper-layer core wrap sheet 7A, and a nonwoven fabric may be used for the lower-layer core wrap sheet 7B. Alternatively, the upper-layer core wrap sheet 7A and the lower-layer core wrap sheet 7B may be made of the same material, and nonwoven fabric or tissue paper may be used for both. Alternatively, the core wrap sheet 7 may be formed from a single sheet. Alternatively, the core wrap sheet 7 may completely encase the absorbent core 6C. In this case, the core wrap sheet may be formed from a single sheet or two sheets.

[0036] As described above, the absorbent core 6C has grooves 6L, 6H, and 6R. As shown in FIG. 4 , the upper core wrap sheet 7A is recessed toward the lower core wrap sheet 7B in the grooves 6L, 6H, and 6R, and the upper and lower core wrap sheets 7A and 7B are bonded to each other on the lower core wrap sheet 7B with a hot melt adhesive HM. This prevents SAP particles from spilling into the grooves 6L, 6H, and 6R. Note that the upper core wrap sheet 7A does not have to be recessed toward the lower core wrap sheet 7B in the grooves 6L, 6H, and 6R. In this case, the upper and lower core wrap sheets 7A and 7B may not be bonded to each other. This prevents the volume of the grooves 6L, 6H, and 6R from being reduced by the volume of the upper core wrap sheet 7A, improving the urine diffusion properties of the grooves 6L, 6H, and 6R. The core wrap sheet 7 is also configured so as not to fall into the grooves 6L, 6H, 6R. In this embodiment, an upper-layer absorbent mat 6A is laminated on a portion of the skin-facing side of the grooves 6L, 6R. Alternatively, the upper-layer absorbent mat 6A may be laminated on the entire skin-facing side of the grooves 6L, 6R.

[0037] The absorbent pad 1 includes a water-impermeable back sheet 5 (an example of the "water-impermeable sheet" referred to in this application) arranged on the non-skin-facing side of the absorbent body 6. The back sheet 5 has substantially the same planar shape as the absorbent pad 1. The back sheet 5 is a sheet made of a thermoplastic water-impermeable resin such as polyethylene film to prevent leakage of excreted liquid that has flowed into the absorbent body 6. The back sheet 5 has water-repellent properties to prevent urine and moisture from seeping out of the absorbent pad 1 and breathability to prevent the absorbent pad from becoming stuffy when worn. The back sheet 5 may be breathable by having many tiny ventilation holes formed therein.

[0038] The absorbent pad 1 includes a cover sheet 4 disposed on the non-skin-facing side of the back sheet 5. The cover sheet 4 has substantially the same planar shape as the absorbent pad 1. The cover sheet 4 forms the exterior surface of the absorbent pad 1 and has sufficient rigidity to withstand friction with diapers, underwear, etc. used in combination, thereby preventing damage to the back sheet 5. The cover sheet 4 is generally made of a nonwoven fabric composed of synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, polyethylene, or polyethylene terephthalate. The cover sheet 4 is liquid-impermeable and moisture-permeable. In the absorbent pad 1, the cover sheet 4 and the back sheet 5 are formed to be the same size and shape. Furthermore, the side sheets 9L and 9R are formed to be the same shape as the cover sheet 4 and the back sheet 5 at their widthwise ends. Furthermore, the top sheet 8 is formed to be the same shape as the cover sheet 4 and the back sheet 5 at the widthwise center of the longitudinal ends of the absorbent pad 1. Therefore, the cover sheet 4, the back sheet 5, the side sheets 9L and 9R, and a portion of the top sheet 8 form the peripheral shape (outline) of the absorbent pad 1. For example, the shapes of the cover sheet 4, the back sheet 5, the side sheets 9L, 9R, and a portion of the top sheet 8 form the arc-shaped cutouts in the front body region 1F and the back body region 1R and the shape of the widthwise end of the crotch region 1B. Note that, because the back sheet 5 is impermeable to water, the absorbent pad 1 may be configured so that the cover sheet 4 is omitted and the back sheet 5 forms the exterior surface. As described above, the cover sheet 4, the back sheet 5, and a portion of the top sheet 8 are formed in the back body region 1R with a cutout shape corresponding to the wearer's ilium, so that the widthwise outer edge of the rear end of the absorbent pad 1 can be worn along the wearer's ilium.

[0039] A fastening tape may be provided on a portion of the exterior surface of the absorbent pad 1. In the absorbent pad 1 according to this embodiment, the cover sheet 4 forms the exterior surface. The fastening tape is an adhesive tape that prevents the absorbent pad 1 from slipping relative to the diaper, underwear, etc. that is used in combination. Alternatively, the cover sheet 4 may be formed from a material with a high coefficient of friction without providing the fastening tape, thereby suppressing slippage relative to the diaper, etc. Also, a hot melt adhesive may be applied to the non-skin-facing side of the cover sheet 4 to prevent slippage.

[0040] In the absorbent pad 1 according to this embodiment, the rear end of the lower absorbent mat 6B, where the wearer's ilium protrudes, has a generally arc-shaped notch at the front when worn. Therefore, the absorbent pad 1 can be worn so that the rear end of the lower absorbent mat 6B fits along the ilium, reducing pressure on the wearer's ilium and skin and improving comfort.

[0041] The absorbent pad 1 also includes a pair of water-impermeable side sheets 9L, 9R (an example of the "pair of leak-barrier-forming sheets" referred to in this application) that are arranged on the skin-facing sides of both widthwise sides of the absorbent pad 1 and extend along the longitudinal direction. The side sheets 9L, 9R are arranged so that their longitudinal ends coincide with the longitudinal ends of the top sheet 8. The side sheets 9L, 9R have fixing regions 9LA, 9RA arranged on their outer widthwise sides. The fixing regions 9LA, 9RA are bonded to the top sheet 8, which is the component arranged on the non-skin-facing side, with a hot melt adhesive HM.

[0042] The side sheets 9L, 9R are bonded to the top sheet 8 with a hot melt adhesive HM, and the widthwise inner ends of this hot melt adhesive HM form standing lines 3LL, 3LR (see Figure 3) which are joints, and the inside of the standing lines 3LL, 3LR form the upstanding three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R. The inside of the standing lines 3LL, 3LR in the widthwise direction of the side sheets 9L, 9R are the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R, and the inside ends of the side sheets 9L, 9R in the widthwise direction are free ends 9LB, 9RB which are the tips of the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R. Near the free ends 9LB, 9RB of the side sheets 9L, 9R, two rubber threads 3BL, 3BR which are thread-like elastic members are provided side by side in the widthwise direction. Note that the rubber threads 3BL, 3BR are arranged one by one. The rubber threads 3BL, 3BR are fixed to the side sheets 9L, 9R with a hot melt adhesive HM in a stretched state in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent pad 1. The side sheets 9L, 9R have fixing portions 33L, 33R near the longitudinal end portions that are on the outer side in the extending direction of the rubber threads 3BL, 3BR. The fixing portions 33L, 33R fix the side sheets 9L, 9R to the top sheet 8, and serve as longitudinal starting points for the standing up of the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R. The side sheets 9L, 9R are also bonded to the top sheet 8 on the inner side in the width direction, but on the inner side in the longitudinal direction of the fixing portions 33L, 33R, the part in the width direction further inward than the hot melt adhesive HM is not bonded, allowing the side sheets 9L, 9R to stand up toward the skin. When the elastic threads 3BL, 3BR contract, the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R inside the standing lines 3LL, 3LR rise toward the skin, and the free ends 9LB, 9RB become the tips facing the skin. The standing three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R inhibit the movement of liquids and loose stools outward in the width direction of the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R, thereby preventing side leakage.

[0043] The fixing portions 33L, 33R are located outside the widthwise center of the rear end of the absorbent core 6C. Because the fixing portions 33L, 33R are located outside the widthwise center of the rear end of the absorbent core 6C, when the rubber threads 3BL, 3BR contract, the contraction force is transmitted widthwise outward. In addition, the back body region 1R is provided with a cutout portion 12 and an arc-shaped protruding region. The arc-shaped protruding region acts as a beam to counter the contraction force of the rubber threads 3BL, 3BR, and the cutout portion 12 tends to bulge toward the non-skin side. This makes it easier to wear the absorbent pad 1 along the ilium.

[0044] When the absorbent pad 1 is viewed from above, the regions extending widthwise outward of the standing lines 3LL, 3LR of the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R are the ears 10L, 10R. In this embodiment, the ears 10L, 10R are formed in the front body region 1F and the back body region 1R. The lower-layer absorbent mat 6B is positioned to include the widthwise outer sides of the free ends 9LB, 9RB. The absorbent pad 1 can increase the amount of liquid absorption by increasing the cushioning properties of the ears 10L, 10R and by forming the lower-layer absorbent mat 6B large. The ears 10L, 10R may be formed in either the front body region 1F or the back body region 1R.

[0045] Here, the absorbent pad 1 has a cover sheet 4, a back sheet 5, and a top sheet 8 formed to have the same size and shape. Therefore, the cover sheet 4, the back sheet 5, and the top sheet 8 form the outer shape of the absorbent pad 1. For example, the shapes of the cover sheet 4, the back sheet 5, and the top sheet 8 form the arc-shaped cutouts in the front body region 1F and the back body region 1R and the shape of the widthwise end of the crotch region 1B. Note that, since the back sheet 5 of the absorbent pad 1 is impermeable to water, the cover sheet 4 may be omitted and the back sheet 5 may form the exterior surface.

[0046] The absorbent pad 1 includes a pocket sheet 13 in the front body region, the back body region, or both. In this embodiment, the pocket sheet 13 is disposed in both the front body region 1F and the back body region 1R of the absorbent pad 1. The pocket sheet 13 extends laterally across the widthwise centerline of the absorbent pad 1. A predetermined section of the inner longitudinal edge of the pocket sheet 13 forms an edge region that is a free edge that is not joined to other sheets. Most of the widthwise edge of the pocket sheet 13 is joined directly or indirectly to the top sheet 8. The outer longitudinal edge of the pocket sheet 13 is joined to another sheet on the non-skin-facing side of the pocket sheet 13, for example, the top sheet 8. The pocket sheet 13 disposed in the front body region 1F primarily prevents abdominal leakage of urine. The pocket sheet 13 disposed in the back body region 1R primarily prevents back leakage of urine and feces.

[0047] The pocket sheet 13 is joined to other sheets in three directions except for the inner end in the longitudinal direction, and only the inner end in the longitudinal direction is open toward the inside in the longitudinal direction. The pad 1 has a pocket portion P, which is a bag-shaped space formed by the pocket sheet 13 and a sheet disposed on the non-skin-facing side thereof, more specifically, the top sheet 8.

[0048] Exhausted liquid flowing longitudinally outward on the surface of the top sheet 8 enters and is retained in the pocket portion P. An absorbent core 6C capable of absorbing exhausted liquid is disposed on the non-skin facing side of the pocket portion P, and the moisture of the exhausted liquid that enters the pocket portion P is absorbed by the absorbent core 6C.

[0049] The pocket sheet 13 may be a water-permeable sheet. For example, the pocket sheet 13 may be a film sheet with fine holes arranged at equal intervals in a mesh pattern. By using such a sheet, moisture generated on the skin-facing side of the pocket sheet 13 can be moved into the pocket portion P, making it possible to suppress back leakage and abdominal leakage depending on the position of the pocket sheet 13. Furthermore, the surface of the pocket sheet 13 can be kept dry, improving the comfort of the wearer.

[0050] Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the longitudinal inner end of the pocket sheet. This figure shows a more suitable arrangement example of the pocket sheet 13. As an example, the pocket sheet 13 is bonded at both widthwise ends to the side sheets 9L, 9R, which are leak-proof sheets, with an adhesive HM such as a hot melt adhesive. In other words, the pocket sheet 13 is bonded to the top sheet 8 via the side sheets 9L, 9R. By bonding the pocket sheet 13 to the side sheets 9L, 9R at the widthwise ends, the discharged liquid that enters the pocket portion P is prevented from leaking outward in the widthwise direction.

[0051] Furthermore, the pocket sheet 13 is bonded to the middle portion of the leak-barrier wall, not to the rising line of the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R. Specifically, if the height of the leak-barrier wall is 4 cm, the pocket sheet 13 is bonded to the 2 cm portion. When the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R rise due to the biasing force of the elastic threads 3BL, 3BR, the pocket sheet 13 also rises relative to the top sheet 8, forming a pocket portion P, which is a pocket-shaped space. In this way, by indirectly bonding the pocket sheet 13 and the top sheet 8 via the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R and causing the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R to rise toward the skin-facing side, a pocket portion P with a wider opening can be formed. When the pocket portion P is formed in the front body region, it prevents urine flowing along the skin-facing side of the top sheet 8 from reaching the longitudinal ends of the absorbent pad 1, thereby preventing abdominal leakage. When the pocket portion P is formed in the back body region, it prevents watery stool or urine flowing along the skin-facing side of the top sheet 8 from reaching the longitudinal ends of the absorbent pad 1, thereby preventing back leakage.

[0052] As described above, the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R have fixing portions 33L, 33R disposed at their longitudinal ends and are joined to the top sheet 8. Rubber threads 3BL, 3BR are disposed between them, and when the diaper 1 is worn, the elastic threads 3BL, 3BR cause the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R to rise toward the skin side, forming a leak-proof barrier. That is, the sections of the side sheets 9L, 9R that are not fixed by the fixing portions 33L, 33R and where the elastic threads 3BL, 3BR are disposed rise toward the skin side when the diaper 1 is worn, thereby functioning as three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R. It is desirable that the longitudinal inner end of the pocket sheet 13 be positioned sufficiently far from the fixing portions 33L, 33R. By positioning the longitudinal inner end of the pocket sheet 13 in this position, the pocket portion P can be opened to a sufficient height, thereby effectively fulfilling its function.

[0053] The effect of the pocket portion P can be enhanced by the structure of the absorbent core 6C. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 4, the upper absorbent mat 6A forming the absorbent core 6C has a smaller surface area on the skin-facing side than on the non-skin-facing side of the upper absorbent mat 6A in a plan view, and the outer edge is inclined from the non-skin-facing side toward the skin-facing side. In this case, if there is a step on the outer side in the width direction of the absorbent core 6C, the step will easily form an opening in the edge region 13E. When an opening is formed, feces will easily flow between the pocket sheet 13 and the top sheet 8, and the pocket portion P formed by the pocket sheet 13 will open larger, making it easier for the pocket portion P to function as such.

[0054] The absorbent pad 1 according to this embodiment also has cutouts 12 at its longitudinal ends. The cutouts 12 are less rigid than other portions of the absorbent pad 1, making them more likely to shrink during wear. Contraction of the cutouts 12 causes the expansion and contraction direction of the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R near the longitudinal ends to be diagonal toward the widthwise center, i.e., toward the widthwise center. As a result, in the extended region of the pocket sheet 13, the contractile force of the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R is exerted not only toward the skin-facing side but also toward the widthwise center. Because the widthwise ends of the pocket sheet 13 are joined to the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R, the pocket sheet 13 bends toward the skin-facing side in response to the bending of the three-dimensional gathers 3L, 3R. The pocket sheet 13 bends toward the skin-facing side, and the end regions 13E bend toward the skin-facing side in response to this bending. This facilitates the formation of an opening between the pocket sheet 13 and the top sheet 8, thereby providing a pocket sheet 13 with a larger pocket portion P.

[0055] <Sheet> Next, the sheet material according to this embodiment will be described. The sheet material according to this embodiment can be used in absorbent articles. The sheet material 20 is a sheet that can be used as a water-permeable sheet of an absorbent article that comes into contact with the wearer's skin. In the example of the absorbent pad 1, the sheet material can be used as the top sheet 8 or the pocket sheet 13. Of course, the absorbent article is not limited to the absorbent pad 1, and can be applied to various articles such as pants-type diapers and tape-type diapers, as long as it includes a water-permeable sheet that comes into contact with the wearer's skin.

[0056] FIG. 6 is a micrograph of a sheet for absorbent articles. The sheet material 20 is a sheet in which a layer of air-through nonwoven fabric 20F is partially welded to a thermoplastic resin film 20M having fine through-holes 20H arranged in a mesh pattern at regular intervals. The film 20M is made of a thermoplastic resin, for example, polyethylene. The holes 20H are truncated cone-shaped or funnel-shaped, for example, with a diameter of approximately 100-400 μm, with the opening diameter narrower at one open end than at the other open end. The holes 20H are arranged over the entire surface of the sheet material 20. The fiber surface of the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F is made of the same thermoplastic resin as the film 20M. Because the fiber surfaces of the film 20M and the air-through nonwoven fabric are made of the same material, they can be easily welded by applying heat and pressure and can be laminated to form a single sheet. For example, the film 20M is a 12 gsm polyethylene film, and the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F is a 15 gsm PE / PET nonwoven fabric with a 2.2 dtx. Both the film and the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F are hydrophilic.

[0057] Because the fiber surfaces of the film 20M and the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F are made of the same material, they can be easily joined by heat welding. Because they can be joined without using hot melt adhesives or other adhesives, the sheet material 20 does not contain any adhesive. The sheet material 20 does not harden due to the solidification of adhesives and remains flexible. Therefore, even when the sheet material 20 is used as a sheet that comes into contact with the skin of the wearer in an absorbent article, it is unlikely to cause discomfort to the wearer.

[0058] The hole 20H has a hollow truncated cone shape, allowing liquid to move through the hole 20H. As an example, the hole 20H may be laminated so that the side with a larger opening diameter (the other opening end) is in contact with the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F. When laminated in this way, the hole 20H Moisture that passes through the holes 20H is quickly diffused over a wide area of the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F. This makes this type of sheet material 20 excellent in liquid absorption. Furthermore, since there is no path for liquid to move in areas where there are no holes 20H, liquid that has passed through one end of the holes 20H and entered the air-through nonwoven fabric side can be prevented from passing through the holes 20H again. The sheet material 20 in this example can prevent backflow.

[0059] As another example, the sheets may be laminated so that the narrower opening diameter (one open end) of the holes 20H is in contact with the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F. In this example, moisture that comes into contact with the wider opening diameter side of the holes 20H quickly penetrates into the inside of the sheet material 20. Furthermore, the narrower opening diameter of the holes 20H on the side of the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F effectively prevents backflow of liquid. Therefore, even in this example, a sheet material 20 that is easy for moisture to permeate and difficult for backflow to occur can be provided.

[0060] Next, a case where the sheet for absorbent articles is applied to an absorbent pad 1 will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an outline of the sheet for absorbent articles according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 shows, as an example, an example in which the sheet material 20 is used as a pocket sheet 13, with the upper side of the drawing being the skin-facing side and the lower side being the top sheet 8 side, and the pocket portion P being formed on the lower side of the pocket sheet 13. In this embodiment, the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F of the sheet material 20 is arranged on the pocket portion P side. If solid matter such as feces has already entered the pocket portion P and the film 20M is in contact with the pocket portion P, the solid matter of feces may block the holes 20H of the film 20M. If the holes 20H are blocked, the water permeability function will not work, and moisture generated on the skin-facing side of the pocket portion P will be less likely to permeate to the non-skin-facing side, which may affect the wearing comfort. In this embodiment, by placing a layer of air-through nonwoven fabric 20F between the film 20M and the pocket portion P, it is possible to prevent the solid content inside the pocket portion P from blocking the holes 20H, thereby maintaining good water permeability.

[0061] In this embodiment, the holes 20H have a larger opening diameter on the skin-facing side and a smaller opening diameter on the non-skin-facing side. This configuration allows moisture generated on the skin-facing side to easily soak into the non-skin-facing side. Furthermore, the soaked moisture is quickly diffused by the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F, preventing the holes 20H from becoming clogged, maintaining a comfortable wearing condition. The air-through nonwoven fabric 20F prevents liquids or solids that have entered the pocket portion P from flowing back to the skin-facing side, and this is also prevented by the smaller opening diameter of the holes 20H on the non-skin-facing side. This configuration allows the absorbent pad 1 according to this embodiment to maintain a comfortable pocket structure.

[0062] <Second embodiment> Next, a second embodiment will be described in which the sheet for absorbent articles is applied to an absorbent pad 1. Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an outline of the sheet for absorbent articles according to the second embodiment. In the following embodiments, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above will be assigned the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

[0063] In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F of the sheet material 20 is disposed on the pocket portion P side. However, the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the opening diameter of the holes 20H is larger on the non-skin-facing side and smaller on the skin-facing side. By configuring the sheet material 20 as shown in FIG. 8, moisture generated between the sheet material 20 and the wearer's skin surface can be easily dispersed along the film 20M to the non-skin-facing side. Furthermore, since the absorbed moisture is quickly dispersed by the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F, the holes 20H are not blocked, maintaining a comfortable wearing state. As in the first embodiment, the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F disposed on the pocket portion P side prevents liquids or solids that have entered the pocket portion P from flowing back toward the skin-facing side.

[0064] <Third embodiment> Next, a third embodiment will be described in which the absorbent article sheet is applied to an absorbent pad 1. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an outline of the absorbent article sheet according to the third embodiment. As in the first and second embodiments, the sheet material 20 is used as a pocket sheet 13. A layer made of air-through nonwoven fabric 20F is disposed on the skin-facing side of the sheet material 20, and a layer made of film 20M with holes 20H arranged in a mesh pattern is disposed on the non-skin-facing side, i.e., the pocket portion P side. The holes 20H are funnel-shaped, with a larger opening diameter on the skin-facing side and a smaller opening diameter on the non-skin-facing side.

[0065] Liquid that forms between the wearer's skin surface and the pocket sheet 13 and comes into contact with the air-through nonwoven fabric 13F diffuses over the air-through nonwoven fabric 13F, but because the opening diameter of the holes 20H is wider on the skin-facing side of the layer made of film 20M, it is more likely to flow through the wider holes 20H to the non-skin-facing side. The skin-facing side of the pocket sheet 13 may come into contact with liquids containing solids, such as watery stools or cloudy urine. However, the solids contained in these liquids are filtered between the fibers of the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F, making it less likely for the holes 20H to become clogged, reducing the likelihood of clogging. Moisture that reaches the non-skin-facing side of the pocket sheet 13 is absorbed into the absorbent core 6C via the top sheet 8. Furthermore, because the opening diameter of the holes 20H on the non-skin-facing side is smaller, if there is unabsorbed liquid or solid inside the pocket portion P, it is possible to prevent these from flowing back to the skin-facing side. Even if these moisture flows back over the film 20M, the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F is disposed on the skin-facing side. The air-through nonwoven fabric 20F prevents the backflowing moisture from coming into direct contact with the skin surface and diffuses it, thereby maintaining the comfort of wearing the garment.

[0066] <Fourth embodiment> Next, a third embodiment will be described in which the absorbent article sheet is applied to an absorbent pad 1. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an outline of the absorbent article sheet according to the third embodiment. As with the other embodiments, the sheet material 20 is used as a pocket sheet 13. A layer made of air-through nonwoven fabric 20F is disposed on the skin-facing side of the sheet material 20, and a layer made of film 20M with holes 20H arranged in a mesh pattern is disposed on the non-skin-facing side, i.e., the pocket portion P side. The holes 20H are funnel-shaped or hollow truncated cone-shaped, with a smaller opening diameter on the skin-facing side and a larger opening diameter on the non-skin-facing side.

[0067] Liquid that occurs between the wearer's skin surface and the pocket sheet 13 and comes into contact with the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F spreads over the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F, passes through the wide range of holes 20H, and flows into the pocket portion P. Therefore, the pocket sheet 13 according to this embodiment can increase the moisture permeation rate.

[0068] Furthermore, by forming the holes 20H in a funnel shape or a hollow, truncated cone shape with a narrower width on the skin-facing side, moisture that enters from the skin-facing side flows down the conical wall to the non-skin-facing side, improving permeability. Furthermore, moisture is more likely to spread beyond the locations of the holes 20H, making it easier for the film layer to retain moisture even in areas of the pocket portion P where holes 20H are not perforated. Furthermore, solids contained in liquids containing solids, such as watery stools or cloudy urine, are filtered by the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F arranged on the skin-facing side, making them less likely to reach the holes 20H. The pocket sheet 13 according to this embodiment uses narrow holes 20H on the skin-facing side, yet is able to prevent clogging of the holes 20H and maintain moisture permeability.

[0069] As described above, the sheet material 20 according to each embodiment has the effect of facilitating water permeation from the skin-facing side and preventing backflow of discharged liquid from the non-skin-facing side. In addition, since no adhesive is used, it feels good against the skin. Such a sheet material 20 can be used for the pocket sheet 13 as well as other items that come into contact with the skin in the same way. It can also be used as the top sheet 8 which must be in contact with the absorbent core 6C to allow the discharged liquid to penetrate into the absorbent core 6C and which must be prevented from flowing back out of the absorbent core 6C.

[0070] Although the above describes each embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the sheet material 20 may be formed by sandwiching a film 20M between two layers of air-through nonwoven fabric 20F. The air-through nonwoven fabric 20F feels good against the skin and can improve the wearer's comfort. Furthermore, the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F diffuses moisture over a wide area on both sides of the sheet material 20, making it easy to guide moisture to the opposite side of the sheet via the wide-area holes 20H. Furthermore, the air-through nonwoven fabric 20F prevents solids contained in watery stools or cloudy urine from clogging the holes 20H on both sides. When such a sheet material 20 is used in an absorbent article, the sheet material 20 can maintain its function for a long period of time, thereby maintaining the wearer's comfort.

[0071] The features included in each of the embodiments and modifications thereof disclosed above can be combined with each other. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 1. Absorbent pad 1F: Front body area 1B...Inseam area 1R: Back area 3BL, 3BR... Elastic thread 3LL,3LR･･･Rise line 3L, 3R: 3D gathers 33L,33R・Fixed part 4. Cover sheet 5. Back seat 6. Absorber 6C··Absorbent Core 6A··Upper layer absorbent mat 6B Lower layer absorbent mat 6H, 6AH, 6BH, 6L, 6R Groove 6S...SAP layer 7. Core wrap sheet 7A··Upper layer core wrap sheet 7B··Lower layer core wrap sheet 8. Top sheet 9L, 9R side seats 9LA,9RA·Fixed area 9LB,9RB··Free end 10L,10R・Ear part 11. Absorbent core non-extending region 12. Notch 13. Pocket sheet 20. Sheet for absorbent articles 20F Air-through nonwoven fabric 20H Hole 20M film

Claims

1. a thermoplastic resin film having truncated cone-shaped through holes aligned at equal intervals; an air-through nonwoven fabric laminated and welded to the film, the fiber surface of which is made of the same material as the film; Equipped with Sheet material.

2. The through hole has a larger opening diameter at one opening end than at the other opening end, The air-through nonwoven fabric is laminated on the other opening end side of the through-hole formed in the film, the opening diameter of which is larger. The sheet material of claim 1 .

3. The through hole has a narrower opening diameter at one opening end than at the other opening end, The air-through nonwoven fabric is laminated on the side of the one opening end where the opening diameter of the through-hole formed in the film is narrow. The sheet material of claim 1 .

4. The sheet material according to claim 2 or 3 is provided, The absorbent article has the through holes arranged on the skin side of the wearer.

5. The sheet material according to claim 2 or 3 is provided, The absorbent article has the through holes arranged on the side facing away from the wearer's skin.

Images