Movable cabinet and energy storage device

Abstract

To solve the problem in which high temperature generated by thermal runaway of a battery can cause occurrence of an unexpected situation such as damage and a fire accident of a device in the vicinity of a battery energy storage device.SOLUTION: A movable cabinet 10 comprises a concrete body 110 including a plurality of walls 110 (111-115) for forming a storage space S1, and a flame retardant material layer 120 installed on one or a plurality of inner surfaces (111a-115a) of the plurality of walls 110 (111-115) in the storage space S1 and exposed in the storage space S1, in which at least one battery system 20 is stored in the storage space S1 by a configuration.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to a mobile cabinet and an energy storage device, and more particularly to a mobile cabinet and an energy storage device including a concrete body. [Background technology]

[0002] The development of energy storage devices has become a trend in recent years in order to improve the efficiency and versatility of energy use. As battery technology (e.g., lithium batteries) has developed and matured, battery energy storage devices have become one of the mainstream energy storage devices. Considering the convenience of loading and transportation and weather resistance, metal containers commonly used in international shipping are currently used as energy storage racks for energy storage devices.

[0003] However, during storage or transportation of batteries, various factors (e.g., overcharging, impact, electronic control system error, operating environment, or manufacturing process defects) can cause the separator inside the battery to break, which can cause the positive and negative electrodes to come into contact and short-circuit, which can then cause a high-temperature chemical reaction and ignition of flammable organic components inside the battery.The high temperatures generated by battery thermal runaway can further lead to unexpected events such as damage to equipment near the battery energy storage device and fire accidents. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In one or more embodiments, the movable cabinet includes a concrete body and a fire-retardant layer. The concrete body includes a plurality of walls, thereby forming a storage space. The fire-retardant layer is disposed on one or more inner surfaces of the plurality of walls within the storage space. The concrete body has a fire-retardant layer content of 30 kg / m. 3 ~60kg / m 3 Contains synthetic fibers.

[0005] In one or more embodiments, the energy storage device includes a movable cabinet and at least one battery system, the movable cabinet having a storage space, the movable cabinet configured to withstand a combustion flame at a temperature of about 600° C. or greater, and the battery system fixedly attached to the movable cabinet.

[0006] The embodiments of the present disclosure can be better understood based on the following examples when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that various features may not be drawn to scale and may be arbitrarily increased or decreased in size to clearly illustrate the contents of the disclosure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1A] 1 is a schematic diagram of a movable cabinet according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1B] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a movable cabinet, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1C] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a movable cabinet, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a movable cabinet and battery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] 1 is a partial perspective view of a movable cabinet, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. [Figure 4A] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an energy storage device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an energy storage device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4C] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an energy storage device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4D] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an energy storage device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5A] 1 is a schematic diagram of a movable cabinet according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5B] 1 is a schematic diagram of a movable cabinet door and a partial side view of a concrete body and a fire-retardant material layer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic diagram of a movable cabinet door, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7A] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a movable cabinet door, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7B] FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a door of a movable cabinet, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8A] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a movable cabinet, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8B] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a movable cabinet, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] In the diagrams and examples of this disclosure, the same or similar elements are labeled with the same element reference numerals.

[0009] Example FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a mobile cabinet 10 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the mobile cabinet 10 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the structure in FIG. 1A taken along the x-direction. The mobile cabinet 10 includes a concrete body 110, a fire-retardant material layer 120, and a door 130. For clarity and explanation, some elements (e.g., the door 130) are omitted and not shown in FIG. 1B.

[0010] Concrete body 110 can include multiple walls (e.g., walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115), thereby forming storage space S1. In some embodiments, storage space S1 is sized to allow workers to enter and perform maintenance and / or operation on functional components or equipment installed within storage space S1. In some embodiments, walls 111, 112, and 113 of concrete body 110 can be side walls, wall 114 can be a top plate, and wall 115 can be a floor plate. In some embodiments, walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115 each have a thickness T1 of about 5 cm or less. In some embodiments, walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115 each have a thickness T1 of about 2.5 cm or less. 1A and 1B, walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115 have plate-like structures, and the outer surfaces of walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115 are substantially flat. In some embodiments, one or more of walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115 may have a non-plate-like structure, for example, the outer surface of one or more of walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115 may have a special three-dimensional structure, such as a wave-shaped structure, a hole-shaped structure, a groove-shaped structure, a protruding rib structure, or any other three-dimensional structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 can include synthetic fibers. In some embodiments, the synthetic fibers have a length of about 4 millimeters (mm) to about 20 mm, and a diameter of about 0.2 mm. In some embodiments, the content of the synthetic fibers in the concrete body 110 is about 30 kg / m 3 ~about 60kg / m 3 The synthetic fibers can increase the flexural strength of the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 is formed from ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC).

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, because the concrete body 110 includes the aforementioned synthetic fibers and / or is formed of ultra-high performance concrete, there is no need to install reinforcing steel structures (e.g., reinforcing steel components composed of reinforcing steel cages and / or stirrups) in the walls of the concrete body 110, and the concrete body 110 itself can have bending resistance similar to that of general reinforced concrete. Furthermore, because there is no need to install reinforcing steel structures in the concrete body 110 to increase bending strength, the concrete body 110 can have a relatively thin wall thickness, which reduces the overall weight of the mobile cabinet 10 and is also advantageous for transportation and movement of the mobile cabinet 10.

[0013] In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 can further include one or more cements having different compositions, multiple different grains, oxides, and multiple different additives. In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 can include Portland cement, silica fume (whose size characteristics are powdery), silica sand (whose size or particle size is less than about 2 centimeters), quartz powder (whose size or particle size is about 20 millimeters (mm) to about 30 millimeters), a water-reducing agent, a defoaming agent, an expansive agent, or any combination of the above.

[0014] In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 has a content of about 800 kg / m 3 ~about 900kg / m 3 In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 may include one or more of Portland Type I cement, Portland Type II cement, Portland Type III cement, Portland Type IV cement, and Portland Type V cement. ... 3 ~about 500kg / m 3 Portland Type I cement, Portland Type II cement, Portland Type III cement, Portland Type IV cement and Portland Type V cement, and a content of about 400 kg / m 3 ~about 500kg / m 3 Portland Type I cement, Portland Type II cement, Portland Type III cement, Portland Type IV cement, and Portland Type V cement. In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 has a content of about 120 kg / m 3 ~Approx. 180kg / m 3 In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 may have a silica fume content of about 900 kg / m 3 ~About 1000kg / m 3 In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 may have a silica sand content of about 30 kg / m 3 ~Approx. 150kg / m 3 In some embodiments, the combination of silica fume and quartz powder described above can provide the concrete body 110 with greater compressive strength than regular concrete. In some embodiments, oxides can be added to adjust the color of the concrete body 110.

[0015] In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 has a content of about 10 kg / m 3 ~about 20kg / m 3In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 may include a water-reducing agent content of about 10 kg / m 3 The following antifoaming agent and its content is approximately 25 kg / m 3 The following leavening agents may be included:

[0016] In some embodiments, the unit weight of the concrete body 110 is about 2300 kg / m 3 In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 has a unit weight of about 2300 kg / m 3 ~About 2700kg / m 3 In some embodiments, the compressive strength of the concrete body 110 is greater than about 120 MPa. In some embodiments, the compressive strength of the concrete body 110 is between about 120 MPa and about 180 MPa. In some embodiments, the ultimate flexural strength of the concrete body 110 is greater than about 15 MPa. In this manner, reinforcing bar components, such as reinforcing bars and / or stirrups, need not be installed in the concrete body 110 to increase flexural strength, allowing the concrete body 110 to have a relatively thin wall thickness, thereby reducing the overall weight of the mobile cabinet 10. Furthermore, the concrete body 110 can provide high compressive strength and high flexural strength for the mobile cabinet 10, thereby maintaining the integrity of the overall structure even when used in relatively extreme environments (e.g., environments exposed to high-temperature combustion flames).

[0017] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the concrete body 110 is about 1.8 W / m·K or less. In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the concrete body 110 is about 1.6 W / m·K to about 1.8 W / m·K. Compared to metal materials or general concrete (whose thermal conductivity is about 1.9 W / m·K to about 2.1 W / m·K), the concrete body 110 of the present disclosure has a superior thermal insulation effect, which is advantageous for mitigating heat conduction between the inside of the storage space S1 and the outside of the concrete body 110. When a device or element in the storage space S1 needs to maintain a specific high or low temperature, the good thermal insulation effect of the concrete body 110 helps reduce the energy required by the air conditioning equipment, thereby reducing costs and providing additional benefits such as environmental protection, energy conservation, and carbon dioxide reduction.

[0018] In some embodiments, concrete body 110 is a single piece. In some embodiments, a mixed and finished concrete slurry can be poured into a form of a predetermined shape, followed by curing and demolding to create a single piece of concrete body 110 (e.g., walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115 are a single piece).

[0019] In some embodiments, concrete body 110 can include multiple sub-structural components or walls (e.g., walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115) that can be assembled together. In some embodiments, the multiple sub-structural components or walls can be created by pouring a mixed concrete slurry into a form of a predetermined shape, followed by curing and demolding, and the multiple sub-structural components or walls can be further joined together to form concrete body 110 by connecting components (e.g., bolts) or by filling joints between the structural components or walls with grout.

[0020] Fire-retardant material layer 120 can be disposed on one or more interior surfaces of the walls within storage space S1. For example, fire-retardant material layer 120 can be disposed on interior surface 111a of wall 111, interior surface 112 (not shown), interior surface 113a of wall 113, interior surface 114a of wall 114, and interior surface 115a of wall 115. In some embodiments, fire-retardant material layer 120 directly contacts multiple walls (e.g., walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115) of concrete body 110. In some embodiments, fire-retardant material layer 120 directly contacts one or more interior surfaces of multiple walls (e.g., walls 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115) of concrete body 110. In some embodiments, fire-retardant material layer 120 includes ceramic fiber board, ceramic fiber cotton blanket, fire-resistant mortar, insulating fire brick, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer has a thickness T2 of about 5 cm or less, hi some embodiments, the flame retardant layer has a thickness T2 of about 2.5 cm or less.

[0021] In some embodiments, the mixed concrete slurry is poured into a formwork of a predetermined shape, and before the concrete slurry hardens, the fire-retardant layer 120 and the semi-finished concrete slurry are bonded together, followed by further curing. In this way, the hardened concrete can be firmly bonded to the fire-retardant layer 120, and the bonding interface between the concrete body 110 and the fire-retardant layer 120 has high bonding strength, so that the fire-retardant layer 120 will not peel off even when exposed to high temperatures.

[0022] In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10, depending on its configuration, is resistant to a combustion flame having a temperature of about 600°C or higher. In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10, depending on its configuration, is resistant to a combustion flame having a temperature of about 900°C or higher. In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10, depending on its configuration, is resistant to a combustion flame having a temperature of about 900°C or higher to about 1200°C. In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 and the flame-retardant material layer 120, as a whole, are resistant to a combustion flame having a temperature of about 600°C or higher. In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 and the flame-retardant material layer 120, as a whole, are resistant to a combustion flame having a temperature of about 9 ... to about 1200°C.

[0023] The door 130 can be pivotally attached to a side edge (e.g., at least one of side edges 1171 and 1172) of the opening 117 in the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, a door frame 130A is installed on the side edge of the opening 117. In some embodiments, the door 130 can be pivotally attached to the opening 117 in the concrete body 110 by the door frame 130A. In some embodiments, the door 130 can be pivotally attached to at least one of the side edges 1171 and 1172 of the opening 117 in the concrete body 110 by the door frame 130A. In some embodiments, the door 130 can include a double-leaf door that opens to the left and right and is pivotally attached to the side edges 1171 and 1172, respectively, of the opening 117 in the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the door 130 is pivotally attached to the door frame 130A on the side edges 1171 and 1172 of the opening 117 in the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, door 130 may comprise a single door, with one of the door panels pivotally attached to a side edge 1171 or a side edge 1172 of opening 117 in concrete body 110. In some embodiments, door 130 may be pivotally attached to a side edge 1171 or a side edge 1172 of opening 117 in concrete body 110 by a door frame 130A. In some embodiments, door 130 may be a fire door, with door frame 130A comprising a fire-resistant material.

[0024] 1A , the movable cabinet 10 includes a door 130, which covers the entire area of one side of the movable cabinet 10 (the side facing the wall 112, i.e., the side on which the opening 117 is located). In other embodiments, the movable cabinet 10 may further include another wall other than the walls 111-115, which may be located on the side facing the wall 112, and the opening 117 may expose only a partial area of the wall, and the door 130 may be pivotally attached to the side edge of the opening 117 in the wall. In other embodiments, the movable cabinet 10 may include two or more doors. In some embodiments, these doors may be installed on the same or different walls (on the same or different sides), and these doors may have different designs (e.g., a double-door design and a single-door design, respectively).

[0025] 1C is a cross-sectional view of a movable cabinet 10' according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. For clarity and explanation, some elements (e.g., door 130) are omitted and not shown in FIG. 1C.

[0026] The movable cabinet 10' may further include a fire-retardant adhesive layer 160. In some embodiments, the fire-retardant adhesive layer 160 may be disposed between the concrete body 110 and the fire-retardant material layer 120. In some embodiments, the fire-retardant material layer 120 includes a ceramic fiber board, a ceramic fiber cotton blanket, a heat-insulating fire brick, or any combination thereof, and the fire-retardant adhesive layer 160 includes a fire-resistant mortar. In some embodiments, the fire-resistant mortar includes an aluminum-based material.

[0027] In some embodiments, the concrete slurry is mixed and poured into a formwork of a predetermined shape, followed by curing and demolding to produce a concrete body 110 or a sub-structural component (e.g., a wall) of the concrete body 110. Subsequently, a flame-retardant adhesive layer 160 is applied to the surface of the concrete body 110, and a flame-retardant material layer 120 is attached to the flame-retardant adhesive layer 160, followed by curing. In some embodiments, the curing temperature in this step is about 25°C to about 105°C, and the curing time is about 1 to 7 days. In this manner, the flame-retardant adhesive layer 160 after curing (e.g., after being exposed to heat) forms a chemical bond between the concrete body 110 and the flame-retardant material layer 120, thereby tightly bonding the concrete body 110 and the flame-retardant material layer 120 and preventing them from peeling off.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery system 20 illustrated in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10 is configured to house at least one battery system 20. In some embodiments, the battery system 20 can include multiple battery packs 210, each of which can include multiple battery packs. In some embodiments, the battery system 20 can include a storage box 220, and the battery packs 210 are installed in the storage box 220.

[0030] 2A is a schematic diagram of a battery pack 210A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. To clearly illustrate and explain the main structure of the battery pack 210A, some elements are omitted and not shown in FIG. 2A.

[0031] In some embodiments, battery pack 210A may include a plurality of battery packs 211 and a housing 215, with battery packs 211 installed in housing 215. In some embodiments, each battery pack 211 may include a plurality of batteries 213. In some embodiments, batteries 213 may be cylindrical lithium-ion batteries or other types of batteries. For example, cylindrical lithium-ion batteries may be 18650 batteries, 21700 batteries, or other types of lithium-ion batteries. In some embodiments, the plurality of battery packs 211 in battery pack 210A are connected in series, and the batteries 213 in battery pack 211 are connected in parallel. In some embodiments, the extension direction of the positive and negative electrodes of batteries 213 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the bottom plate of housing 215.

[0032] During the charging and discharging of the batteries 213 (e.g., lithium batteries) in the battery pack 211, various factors (e.g., overcharging, impact, electronic control system error, operating environment, or manufacturing process defects) can cause lithium ions to pierce the separator in the battery, bringing the positive and negative electrodes into contact and causing a short circuit, which can lead to a high-temperature chemical reaction and the ignition of flammable organic components in the battery. Thermal runaway in a lithium battery can cause temperatures to reach 600°C to 1000°C or even higher. When this heat energy spreads from the ignited battery 213 to its surroundings, the temperatures of other adjacent batteries 213 also rise. When the temperature exceeds the allowable temperature of the cell (e.g., the allowable temperature of a lithium battery is approximately 150°C), the adjacent cells with increased temperatures will also dissipate heat, causing a fire to spread throughout the battery pack 211 and even the battery system 20. Furthermore, the combustion of the cathode material inside the battery is caused by a chemical reaction of the internal materials, which results in the continuous generation of a combustion flame, and the temperature of the combustion flame can reach 600°C to 1000°C.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mobile cabinet 10 includes a composite structure of a concrete body 110 and a flame-retardant material layer 120, which can effectively confine the high temperature caused by thermal runaway of the lithium batteries within the mobile cabinet 10, and at the same time, by simply combining it with water permeable inside the mobile cabinet 10, it can prevent the spread of flames and result in fire accidents. Moreover, since the high temperature caused by thermal runaway of the lithium batteries can be confined within the mobile cabinet 10, the flames will not spread outside the mobile cabinet 10 and cause the spread of fire, which makes the disaster relief process more convenient and safer.

[0034] Furthermore, when a conventional metal container is used as an energy storage cabinet, metal is prone to deformation, distortion, bending, and other conditions when exposed to high temperatures, which can lead to the collapse of the metal container and the subsequent spread of fire, making it difficult to control. Relatively speaking, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the concrete body 110 of the mobile cabinet 10 has high compressive strength and high flexural strength, so that the composite structure of the concrete body 110 and the flame-retardant material layer 120 will not collapse due to softening or deformation even when exposed to high temperatures, making the disaster relief process more convenient and safe. Furthermore, the concrete body 110 of the present disclosure can provide sufficient structural strength to the mobile cabinet 10 without the need for embedded rebar or with only a small amount of embedded rebar. Compared to conventional reinforced concrete, the mobile cabinet 10 of the present disclosure can be lighter, making it easier to move and transport.

[0035] 3A is a partial perspective view of a movable cabinet 10 and a battery system 20 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, FIG. 3A depicts a partial perspective view of a structure in which the bottom plate of the storage box 220 shown in FIG. 2 is locked onto a wall (e.g., wall 111, 112, 113, 114, or 115) of the concrete body 110 of the movable cabinet 10 shown in FIG. 1.

[0036] In some embodiments, the battery system 20 is locked onto at least one wall of the concrete body 110 of the movable cabinet 10. In some embodiments, the battery system 20 is locked onto at least one wall of the concrete body 110 by a locking mechanism 30. In some embodiments, the storage box 220 of the battery system 20 is locked onto at least one wall of the concrete body 110 by a locking mechanism 30.

[0037] In some embodiments, the locking mechanism 30 can include a stud bolt 310 and a nut 320, the movable cabinet 10 has a lock hole 10H1, and the stud bolt 310 is threaded into the lock hole 10H1 to be locked. In some embodiments, the stud bolt 310 is drilled into the lock hole 10H1 and locked to 10H1 with a nut 320. In some embodiments, the stud bolt 310 is drilled into a lock hole in the bottom plate of the storage box 220 and into the lock hole 10H1 and locked to 10H1 with a nut 320, thereby locking the battery system 20 onto the movable cabinet 10.

[0038] In some embodiments, the locking mechanism 30 further locks to the fire-retardant material layer 120. The locking hole 10H1 can penetrate the fire-retardant material layer 120 and at least a portion of the wall of the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the locking hole 10H1 penetrates the fire-retardant material layer 120 and a portion of the wall of the concrete body 110, and the bottom of the locking hole 10H1 is located in the wall of the concrete body 110.

[0039] 3B is a partial perspective view of the movable cabinet 10 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, FIG. 3A is a partial perspective view of the structure of the wall 114 of the concrete body 110 of the movable cabinet 10 shown in FIG.

[0040] In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10 can include at least one hanging component 140, which is locked onto the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10 has a locking hole 10H2, and a stud bolt of the hanging component 140 is drilled through the locking hole 10H2. In some embodiments, the locking hole 10H2 penetrates a wall (e.g., wall 114) of the concrete body 110 and a portion of the fire-retardant material layer 120. In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10 can be lifted or moved via the hanging component 140 using a hanging device.

[0041] In some embodiments, a formwork having a predetermined shape (e.g., a protruding structure in the shape of a rock hole) is used, and the mixed and completed concrete slurry is poured into the formwork of the predetermined shape, followed by curing and demolding, thereby creating a concrete body 110 having rock holes 10H1 and 10H2.

[0042] 4A is a perspective view of an energy storage device 1A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The energy storage device 1A includes a movable cabinet 10 and one or more battery systems 20.

[0043] In some embodiments, the battery system 20 is fixedly joined onto the movable cabinet 10. In some embodiments, the battery system 20 is lockably fixed onto the wall 115 of the concrete body 110 of the movable cabinet 10. In some embodiments, the battery system 20 can be lockably fixed onto the wall 115 of the concrete body 110 of the movable cabinet 10 by a locking mechanism 30 shown in FIG. 3A.

[0044] 4B is a perspective view of an energy storage device 1B according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The energy storage device 1B includes a mobile cabinet 10 and one or more battery systems 20. In some embodiments, the battery systems 20 are locked onto walls 113 and 115 of the concrete body 110 of the mobile cabinet 10.

[0045] 4C is a perspective view of an energy storage device 1C according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The energy storage device 1C includes a mobile cabinet 10 and one or more battery systems 20. In some embodiments, the battery systems 20 are locked onto walls 114 and 115 of the concrete body 110 of the mobile cabinet 10.

[0046] 4D is a perspective view of an energy storage device 1D according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The energy storage device 1D includes a movable cabinet 10 and one or more battery systems 20.

[0047] In some embodiments, the concrete body 110 may further include a separation wall 116, which is used to separate the containment space S1 into multiple sub-spaces (e.g., sub-spaces S11 and S12). In some embodiments, a fire-retardant material layer 120 is disposed on two opposing surfaces 116a and 116b of the separation wall 116.

[0048] In some embodiments, one or more battery systems 20 can be installed in each of subspace S11 and subspace S12 of concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the multiple battery systems 20 can be lockably secured to one or more walls (e.g., walls 112, 113, 114, and 115) in subspace S11 and one or more walls (e.g., walls 111, 112, 114, and 115) in subspace S12, respectively. In some embodiments, the battery system 20 in subspace S11 can be lockably secured to separation wall 116. In some embodiments, the battery system 20 in subspace S12 can be lockably secured to separation wall 116.

[0049] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the design of the separation wall 116 can confine the thermal runaway of the battery system in one sub-space to that sub-space, reducing the possibility of the flame spreading to other sub-spaces and even the entire interior of the movable cabinet 10, and thus more effectively preventing the occurrence of fire accidents caused by the spread of flames.

[0050] FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a movable cabinet 10A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0051] In some embodiments, one or more walls of concrete body 110 have a non-plate-like structure. In some embodiments, wall 114 (or top plate) of concrete body 110 has a recessed structure surrounded by protruding ribs. In some embodiments, wall 113 (or side wall) of concrete body 110 has a plurality of vertical ribs that define a plurality of recessed areas. In some embodiments, wall 113 of concrete body 110 has a plurality of perforations on the vertical ribs. These perforations can provide locking functions, such as for assembling multiple concrete slabs into wall 113 and / or for assembling wall 113 to adjacent walls 112, 114, and 115. In some embodiments, one or more walls of concrete body 110 can have a variety of different three-dimensional shapes, such as tubular, wavy, or irregular shapes, for aesthetic reasons. In some embodiments, the door 130 can be pivotally attached to the side edges (eg, side edges 1171 and 1172 ) of the opening 117 in the concrete body 110 .

[0052] 5B is a schematic diagram of door 130 of movable cabinet 10A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and a partial side view of concrete body 110 and fire-retardant material layer 120. In some embodiments, the area enclosed by the dotted line A1 shows the partial side view of concrete body 110 and fire-retardant material layer 120, excluding door 130 and door frame 130A.

[0053] In some embodiments, the door 130 includes a double door that opens to the left and right and is pivotally attached to the side edges 1171 and 1172 of the opening 117 in the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the door 130 can be pivotally attached to the side edges 1171 and 1172 of the opening 117 in the concrete body 110 by a door frame 130A. In some embodiments, the door 130 can be a fire door, and the door frame 130A can include a fire-resistant material. In some embodiments, the door 130 of the movable cabinet 10A can also include a single door that is pivotally attached to the side edge 1171 or the side edge 1172 of the opening 117 in the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, see also FIG. 5A . The movable cabinet 10A can further include one or more doors located on one or more of the walls 111, 112, and 113.

[0054] 5B, door frame 130A is installed on concrete body 110, and fire-retardant material layer 120 is installed on concrete body 110. In some embodiments, door frame 130A is installed on the inner surface of the wall of concrete body 110, and fire-retardant material layer 120 is installed on the inner surface of the wall of concrete body 110. In some embodiments, door frame 130A covers fire-retardant material layer 120 when viewed from opening 117 toward storage space S1.

[0055] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a door 130' of a movable cabinet 10A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0056] In some embodiments, door 130' includes concrete layer 131. In some embodiments, fire-retardant material layer 120 is further disposed on concrete layer 131 of door 130'. In some embodiments, door 130' further includes door stile 133, and concrete layer 131 is disposed within door stile 133. In some embodiments, door frame 130A and door stile 133 may include a fire-resistant material. In some embodiments, concrete body 110 is formed from ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). In some embodiments, concrete layer 131 and concrete body 110 are formed from the same material.

[0057] 7A is an exploded view of a door 130' of a mobile cabinet 10A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the mobile cabinets 10 and 10' may include the door 130' shown in FIG. 7A.

[0058] In some embodiments, the single leaf of door 130′ includes a concrete layer 131 and a flame-retardant material layer 120. The concrete layer 131 may be in direct contact with the flame-retardant material layer 120. In some embodiments, the single leaf of door 130′ may further include a flame-retardant adhesive layer (e.g., the aforementioned flame-retardant adhesive layer 160), which may be disposed between the concrete layer 131 and the flame-retardant material layer 120.

[0059] FIG. 7B is a partial perspective view of a movable cabinet door, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0060] In some embodiments, both the concrete layer 131 and the fire-retardant layer 120 are disposed within the door frame 133. The concrete layer 131 and the fire-retardant layer 120 may be secured within the door frame 133 by interlocking, fastening with connecting members (e.g., bolts), or other suitable means. In some embodiments, the combined thickness of the concrete layer 131 and the fire-retardant layer 120 is equal to or less than the thickness of the door frame 133.

[0061] FIG. 8A is a perspective view of a movable cabinet 10B according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0062] In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10B can further include a plurality of reinforcing bars 150, which are embedded within the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the width of the reinforcing bars 150 is less than the wall thickness of the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the reinforcing bars 150 and the layer of fire-retardant material 120 are separated by a portion of the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the reinforcing bars 150 extend along one or more sides of the concrete body 110.

[0063] In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10B does not include a metal plate. In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10B does not include a metal plate laminated onto or embedded within the concrete body 110. In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10B does not include a reinforcing bar component consisting of a reinforcing bar cage and / or a plurality of stirrups. In some embodiments, the movable cabinet 10B does not include a reinforcing bar component consisting of a reinforcing bar cage and / or a plurality of stirrups coupled to the concrete body 110.

[0064] 8B is a perspective view of a movable cabinet 10C according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the structure of the movable cabinet 10C is similar to that of the movable cabinet 10B, except that reinforcing bars 150 are further embedded in one or more walls of the concrete body 110.

[0065] The following text describes several embodiments according to the present disclosure and is used to further illustrate experimental results of exemplary embodiments of the properties and advantages of concrete bodies used in mobile cabinets. Table 1 lists the experimental conditions for Examples E1, E2, E3, E4, and C1, and Table 2 lists the test results for Examples E1, E2, E3, and E4. In the table, "Cement I" and "Cement II" refer to two cements selected from Portland Type I cement, Portland Type II cement, Portland Type III cement, Portland Type IV cement, and Portland Type V cement. Granular Material 1 is silica fume, Granular Material 2 is quartz powder, Granular Material 3 is silica sand, Additive 1 is a water-reducing agent, Additive 2 is an antifoaming agent, and Additive 3 is an expansive agent.

[0066] [Table 1]

[0067] The cement, granular materials, oxides, and additives shown in Table 1 are mixed with water in the appropriate proportions and stirred for several minutes until the slurry becomes uniform and pasty. Then, the synthetic fibers are added, and the mixture is stirred again until it becomes uniform. The mixture is then immediately poured into a formwork. The mixture is then cured at a temperature of 22-24°C and a humidity of 50-95% for three days, after which the formwork is demolded. The demolded finished product is then subjected to mechanical property testing after 28 days, with the test results shown in Table 2.

[0068] [Table 2]

[0069] Based on the results shown in Table 2, it can be clearly seen that the concrete bodies according to some embodiments of the present disclosure have better mechanical properties compared to general concrete. The concrete bodies according to some embodiments of the present disclosure have a strength of about 2300 kg / m 3 ~About 2700kg / m 310 MPa, a compressive strength greater than about 120 MPa, and an ultimate flexural strength greater than about 15 MPa. Furthermore, the concrete body of some embodiments of the present disclosure has an incipient crack flexural strength greater than about 15 MPa, an elastic modulus greater than about 35 GPa, and a tensile strength greater than about 5 MPa. Furthermore, the concrete body of some embodiments of the present disclosure has a shrinkage rate less than about 300 mm / m, a compressive strength greater than about 5x10 -13 m 2 / sec and a thermal conductivity of about 1.6 W / m·K to about 1.8 W / m·K.

[0070] In addition, Table 3 shows a comparison of the weight and pressure resistance of concrete bodies based on some embodiments of the present disclosure with various other materials, where the concrete body uses Example E3 from Tables 1-2, and the general concrete uses Example C1 from Tables 1-2.

[0071] [Table 3]

[0072] Based on the results shown in Table 3, it can be clearly seen that compared to general concrete, the concrete body according to some embodiments of the present disclosure has a lighter weight, which is advantageous for making a relatively light mobile cabinet. Furthermore, compared to prestressed concrete or reinforced concrete, the concrete body according to some embodiments of the present disclosure has a thinner thickness at the same compressive strength, which is advantageous for making a relatively thin concrete body wall.

[0073] In addition, the results of a spray combustion experiment using a portable cabinet according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are as follows: The portable cabinet includes a composite structure of a concrete body 110 and a flame-retardant material layer 120. After spray combustion on the flame-retardant material layer 120 at 1100°C±50°C for one hour, the flame-retardant material layer 120 was not penetrated at all, and the composite structure of the concrete body 110 and the flame-retardant material layer 120 did not rupture or explode. Furthermore, the back surface temperature of the concrete body 110 after spray combustion was completed remained below approximately 150°C. These results demonstrate that the portable cabinet according to some embodiments of the present disclosure has excellent properties such as fire resistance, flame resistance, and pressure resistance.

[0074] As used herein, the terms "approximately," "substantially," "essentially," and "about" are used to describe and account for small variations. When used in the context of an event or condition, the terms can refer to a situation in which the event or condition specifically occurred, as well as a situation in which the event or condition occurred very nearly. By way of example, when used in conjunction with a numerical value, these terms refer to a range of variation of within ±10% of that numerical value, e.g., within ±5%, ±4%, ±3%, ±2%, ±1%, ±0.5%, ±0.1%, or ±0.05%. By way of example, two numerical values are considered to be "substantially" or "approximately" the same if the difference between them is within ±10% of the mean of the values, e.g., within ±5%, ±4%, ±3%, ±2%, ±1%, ±0.5%, ±0.1%, or ±0.05%. For example, "substantially" parallel can refer to a range of angular variation within ±10° relative to 0°, such as within ±5°, ±4°, ±3°, ±2°, ±1°, ±0.5°, ±0.1°, or ±0.05°. For example, "substantially" perpendicular can refer to a range of angular variation within ±10° relative to 90°, such as within ±5°, ±4°, ±3°, ±2°, ±1°, ±0.5°, ±0.1°, or ±0.05°.

[0075] Two surfaces are considered to be coplanar or substantially coplanar if the misalignment between them is 5 μm or less, 2 μm or less, 1 μm or less, or 0.5 μm or less.

[0076] As used herein, the terms "conductive," "electrically conductive," and "conductivity" refer to the ability to transport electric current. A conductive material typically refers to a material that exhibits very little or no resistance to the flow of electric current. The unit of measure for conductivity is siemens per meter (S / m). Typically, a conductive material has a resistance of about 10 4 Conductivity above S / m (e.g., at least 10 5 S / m or at least 10 6 The conductivity of a material may vary with temperature. Unless otherwise specified, the conductivity is measured at room temperature.

[0077] As used herein, the singular terms "a" and "an" can include plural referents unless expressly stated otherwise in the surrounding text. In describing some embodiments, being located "on" or "above" another component can include situations where the previous component is directly above (e.g., in contact with) the subsequent component, as well as situations where one or more intervening components are located between the previous and subsequent components.

[0078] While the present disclosure has been illustrated and described with reference to specific embodiments, these illustrations and descriptions do not limit the disclosure. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that various changes can be made and equivalent components can be substituted among the embodiments without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present disclosure, as defined by the appended claims. The diagrams may not be drawn to scale. Differences may exist between the reproduction of the processes in this disclosure and the actual devices, due to manufacturing process variables and the like. There may be other embodiments of the present disclosure not specifically shown. The specification and diagrams are to be considered illustrative and not limiting. Modifications can be made to adapt particular situations, materials, compositions of matter, methods, or processes to the objective, spirit, and scope of the present disclosure. All such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the claims appended hereto. While the disclosed methods are described herein by reference to the performance of certain operations in a particular sequence, it will be understood that equivalent methods can be formed by combining, sub-dividing, or re-arranging these operations without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Therefore, unless specifically indicated herein, the sequence and grouping of operations is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0079] 1A Energy Storage Device 1B Energy storage device 1C Energy Storage Device 1D Energy Storage Device 10 Movable Cabinet 10' Portable Cabinet 10A Movable Cabinet 10B Movable Cabinet 10C Movable Cabinet 10H1 Rock Hall 10H2 Rock Hall 20 Battery System 30 Locking mechanism 110 Concrete body 111 Wall 111a Inner surface 112 Wall 113 Wall 113a Inner surface 114 Wall 114a Inner surface 115 Wall 115a Inner surface 116 Separation wall 117 Aperture 1171 Side edge 1172 Side edge 120 Flame retardant material layer 130 Door 130' door 130A Door Frame 131 Concrete layer 133 Door frame 140 Hanging parts 150 Steel bars 160 Flame-retardant adhesive layer 160a surface 160b surface 210 Battery Pack 210A battery pack 210B Battery Pack 211 Battery pack 213 Batteries 215 Housing 220 Storage Box 310 stud bolt 320 Nut S1 Storage Space S11 Subspace S12 Subspace T1 Thickness T2 Thickness

Claims

1. A movable cabinet, a concrete body including a plurality of walls forming a containment space; a fire-retardant material layer exposed to the storage space and installed on one or more inner surfaces of the walls within the storage space; and at least one battery system housed within the storage space, the battery system being comprised of the concrete body including the walls; The concrete body has a content of 30 kg / m ３ ~60 kg / m ３ A movable cabinet comprising synthetic fibers.

2. 2. The movable cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the concrete body formed by the plurality of walls and the flame-retardant material layer as a whole are resistant to a combustion flame having a temperature of 600° C. or higher.

3. 2. The movable cabinet of claim 1, wherein the concrete body is formed of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), and the fire-retardant material layer is in direct contact with the walls of the concrete body.

4. The concrete body has a content of 120 kg / m ３ ~180 kg / m ３ Silica fume and content 30 kg / m ３ ~150 kg / m ３ 2. The movable cabinet of claim 1, further comprising: a quartz powder of 0.1% by weight;

5. 2. The movable cabinet of claim 1, wherein the compressive strength of the concrete body is greater than 120 MPa and the ultimate flexural strength of the concrete body is greater than 15 MPa.

6. 2. The movable cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity of the concrete body is 1.6 W / mK to 1.8 W / m·K.

7. 2. The movable cabinet according to claim 1, wherein each of the walls has a thickness of 5 cm or less, and the flame-retardant material layer has a thickness of 5 cm or less.

8. 2. The movable cabinet of claim 1, wherein the concrete body further comprises a separation wall used to separate the storage space into a plurality of sub-spaces.

9. 10. The movable cabinet of claim 1, further comprising a door, said door pivotally attached to at least one of said plurality of walls, said door being a fire door.

10. 2. The movable cabinet of claim 1, further comprising a fire-retardant adhesive layer disposed between the concrete body and the fire-retardant material layer, wherein the fire-retardant material layer in the storage space comprises an aluminum-based material.

11. 2. The movable cabinet of claim 1, wherein the at least one battery system is locked onto the inner surface of at least one of the walls of the concrete body by a locking mechanism.

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