Carbonization furnace and control method thereof

Abstract

To provide a carbonization furnace capable of efficiently producing a carbide that meets required specifications.SOLUTION: A carbonization furnace 1A comprises a carbonization chamber 5 for carbonizing a material to be carbonized W, a pulverization gear 23 for pulverizing a carbide W1 after being carbonized in the carbonization chamber 5, a particle size measurement device AT1 for acquiring a particle size of a post-pulverization carbide W2 after being pulverized by the pulverization gear 23, and a control unit for controlling the pulverization gear 23 based on the particle size obtained by the particle size measurement device AT1. The particle size measurement device AT1 is provided in a sieve 25 that classifies the post-pulverization carbide W2 after being pulverized by the pulverization gear 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a carbonization furnace and a control method thereof. [Background technology]

[0002] It is known to crush organic matter such as wood and carbonize it (Patent Documents 1 and 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-128294 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-019156 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In carbonization furnaces that produce biochar from biomass raw materials such as wood (hereinafter, in this specification, this also includes "reactors that produce biofuels"), purchasers (consumers) of the product biochar require the desired particle size or carbonization degree as specifications for the biochar.

[0005] Furthermore, from the perspective of biochar producers, there is a need to improve the productivity of biochar while at the same time meeting the specifications required by purchasers.

[0006] Mobile carbonization furnaces that go to the site where biomass raw materials are supplied and produce biochar have the following problems.

[0007] <Product particle size> The finished biochar produced on-site may have a coarse particle size and may not meet the required specifications because it retains the original appearance or similar shape of the biomass feedstock, or because it is large without being finely crushed. To meet the required specifications, one possible method is to install a crusher (including a shredder) that can crush or crush the biochar during the production process and adjust the particle size of the finished biochar. Another more direct method is to install a crusher at the outlet of the carbonization furnace and crush the biochar produced by these methods to adjust the particle size to meet the required specifications.

[0008] However, in both methods, information on the particle size of the produced biochar was not fed back to the biochar crusher, which has the function of adjusting the particle size, and manual adjustments were made each time, so the particle size of the finished biochar did not meet the required specifications.In addition, it took time to adjust the size to meet the required specifications, which resulted in wasted labor related to production, wasted costs such as wasted equipment power, and wasted time, which reduced product productivity.

[0009] <About the carbonization degree of the product> In addition to the particle size of the biochar product, the degree of carbonization of the biochar product is one of the required specifications and an indicator of the quality of the biochar product. While there are several ways to adjust the degree of carbonization, such as adjusting the temperature inside the carbonization furnace or adjusting the carbonization time, another effective method is to adjust the particle size of the biomass feedstock. In other words, reducing the particle size of the biomass feedstock increases the degree of carbonization even with a short carbonization time. However, if the particle size of the biomass feedstock is too small, the biomass feedstock and the resulting biochar will burn up in a short time, so it is necessary to appropriately adjust the particle size of the biomass feedstock.

[0010] However, even if the particle size issue were resolved, the degree of carbonization of the resulting biochar would not meet the required specifications because information on the degree of carbonization was not fed back to the biomass feedstock grinder, which has the function of adjusting the particle size of the biomass feedstock. Instead, manual adjustments were required each time. Furthermore, adjusting to meet the required specifications required time, which resulted in wasted production labor, wasted facility power, and other costs, as well as wasted time, all of which reduced product productivity.

[0011] <Product productivity> There are several ways to improve the productivity of biochar products that satisfy the above-mentioned particle size and degree of carbonization requirements, such as adjusting the carbonization temperature inside the carbonization furnace, adjusting the carbonization time, adjusting the particle size of the biomass raw material, etc. Among these, adjusting the particle size of the biomass raw material means that if the particle size of the biomass raw material is small, the carbonization time will be shorter, and the productivity of the product (production volume per hour) in the carbonization furnace will improve.

[0012] However, even if the above-mentioned issues regarding particle size and carbonization degree were resolved, it would be difficult to increase the productivity of the product biochar because information on the productivity of the product biochar is not fed back to the biomass feedstock grinder, which has the function of adjusting the particle size of the biomass feedstock, and adjustments must be made manually each time. Furthermore, improving productivity requires time for adjustments, which results in wasted labor related to production, wasted costs such as wasted equipment power, and wasted time, all of which are factors that reduce product productivity.

[0013] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a carbonization furnace and a control method thereof that can efficiently produce carbonized material that meets required specifications. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] A carbonization furnace according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a carbonization chamber for carbonizing the material to be carbonized, a post-carbonization crushing section for crushing the carbonized material after it has been carbonized in the carbonization chamber, a particle size acquisition section for acquiring the particle size of the crushed carbonized material after it has been crushed in the post-carbonization crushing section, and a control section for controlling the post-carbonization crushing section based on the particle size acquired in the particle size acquisition section.

[0015] A control method for a carbonization furnace according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a control method for a carbonization furnace equipped with a carbonization chamber for carbonizing material to be carbonized, a post-carbonization crushing section for crushing the carbonized material after carbonization in the carbonization chamber, and a particle size acquisition section for acquiring the particle size of the crushed carbonized material after crushing in the post-carbonization crushing section, and controls the post-carbonization crushing section based on the measurement results of the particle size acquisition section. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] It is possible to efficiently produce carbides that meet the required specifications. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a carbonization furnace according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a modified example of the configuration of FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a carbonization furnace according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a carbonization furnace according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a carbonization furnace according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. [First embodiment] Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. A carbonization furnace 1A of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1. Note that the carbonization furnace of the present disclosure includes not only a carbonization furnace that produces biochar from biomass raw materials, but also a reactor that produces biofuel from biomass raw materials.

[0019] The carbonization furnace 1A is fixed to the loading platform 3a of the vehicle 3. The carbonization furnace 1A may be detachable from the loading platform 3a.

[0020] The carbonization furnace 1A includes a carbonization chamber 5 capable of forming an airtight space, and a first hopper 6 provided above the carbonization chamber 5 and into which a material to be carbonized W, which is a biomass raw material, is introduced. The biomass raw material is, for example, wood. The material to be carbonized W can be supplied into the carbonization chamber 5 via the first hopper 6.

[0021] A belt conveyor 15 is provided inside the carbonization chamber 5. The belt conveyor 15 extends horizontally, with its upstream side (left side in FIG. 1) located below the first hopper 6. This allows the material W to be carbonized supplied from the first hopper 6 to be guided onto the belt conveyor 15. The belt conveyor 15 includes an endless belt 15a and a plurality of rollers 15b around which the belt 15a is wound. The belt 15a is mesh-like, such as a wire mesh, that is capable of holding the material W to be carbonized and allows air to pass through. The rollers 15b are rotated by a drive motor Mc, and their rotation speed is controlled by a control unit.

[0022] The carbonization chamber 5 is provided with a plurality of air supply units (oxidizer supply units), not shown. The air ratio in the carbonization chamber 5 is adjusted by the air supplied from the air supply units. Note that other oxidizers, such as water vapor, may be used instead of air. The carbonization chamber 5 is kept in an oxygen-deficient state, with an air ratio of, for example, about 0.6 to 0.7, thereby partially burning the material W to be carbonized. Carbonization of the material W progresses while it is transported in the direction of arrow A1 by the belt conveyor 15. Note that in the same figure, the symbol FL indicates a flame.

[0023] A carbonized material transport unit 17 is provided to remove the carbonized material W1 from the carbonization chamber 5 after carbonization has been completed. The carbonized material transport unit 17 may be, for example, a belt conveyor or a fluid transport. The carbonized material W1 transported by the carbonized material transport unit 17 is guided to a second hopper 19.

[0024] A crushing chamber 21 is provided below the second hopper 19. A crushing gear (post-carbonization crushing section) 23 is provided inside the crushing chamber 21. The crushing gear 23 crushes the carbonized material W1 after carbonization in the carbonization chamber 5 to a desired particle size. The crushing gear 23 has a drive gear 23a and a driven gear 23b arranged opposite the drive gear 23a. The carbonized material W1 is sandwiched between the drive gear 23a and the driven gear 23b and crushed. The drive gear 23a is driven by a drive motor M1. The rotational speed of the drive motor M1 is controlled by a control unit not shown. The drive gear 23a rotates at a rotational speed Vs1, and the driven gear 23b rotates at a rotational speed Vs2.

[0025] The center distance between the drive gear 23a and the driven gear 23b can be adjusted by a drive mechanism (not shown), whereby the gap GP between the drive gear 23a and the driven gear 23b is controlled by the control unit.

[0026] Instead of the grinding gear 23, other types of grinding means such as rollers or screws may be used. When rollers are used, the surface pressure applied to the rollers is controlled by the control unit. Alternatively, instead of mechanical grinding means, ultrasonic or water grinding means may be used. Alternatively, these may be used in combination.

[0027] The carbide W1 is pulverized by the pulverizing gear 23 to become pulverized carbide W2, which is then guided downward (downstream).

[0028] A sieve (particle size acquisition section) 25 is provided below (downstream of) the crushing chamber 21. In the sieve 25, only the crushed charcoal W2 having a particle size equal to or smaller than the desired particle size is stored in a product receiving container 27 below the sieve 25 as product charcoal W3.

[0029] The sieve 25 is equipped with a wire mesh (screen) having a predetermined mesh size. The mesh size of the wire mesh is determined based on the particle size required for the product coal W3. The mesh size is determined based on the JIS Z 8801-1 standard, for example. The type of sieve 25 may be a device such as a vibrating screen that separates particle sizes by applying mechanical vibrations to the sieve 25 itself.

[0030] The sieve 25 is provided with a particle size measuring device (particle size acquisition unit) AT1 that measures the particle size of the product coal W3. The particle size measuring device AT1 may be any device that can measure information that can determine whether the particle size of the product coal W3 that has passed through the sieve 25 meets a desired value, and may be, for example, a weighing scale, an image acquisition means, or an optical measurement means such as a laser. The desired value for the particle size of the product coal W3 is, for example, a required specification provided by a consumer.

[0031] When a weight scale is used as the particle size measuring device AT1, the weight of the product coal W3 that has passed through the sieve 25 and the weight of the crushed charcoal W2 that has not passed through the sieve 25 and remains on the wire mesh of the sieve 25 are measured. The measurement results of the particle size measuring device AT1 are sent to a control unit not shown.

[0032] The control unit (not shown) is composed of, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), and a computer-readable storage medium. A series of processes for realizing various functions is stored in a storage medium, for example, in the form of a program. The CPU reads this program into RAM and executes information processing and arithmetic operations to realize various functions. The program may be pre-installed in a ROM or other storage medium, provided in a state stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or distributed via wired or wireless communication means. Examples of computer-readable storage media include magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, and semiconductor memories.

[0033] <Control method of carbonization furnace 1A> Next, a method for controlling the carbonization furnace 1A having the above-described configuration will be described. First, the material to be carbonized W before drying is fed from the first hopper 6 into the carbonization chamber 5. The material to be carbonized W fed from the first hopper 6 into the carbonization chamber 5 is guided to the belt conveyor 15. The material to be carbonized W is ignited while moving within the carbonization chamber 5 by the belt conveyor 15, and partial combustion occurs under oxygen deficiency. Ignition is performed using an ignition unit (not shown) at the beginning of startup, but after startup, ignition occurs without using an ignition unit when the temperature within the carbonization chamber 5 reaches the ignition temperature. The air ratio within the carbonization chamber 5 is set to, for example, approximately 0.6 to 0.7. Carbonization of the material to be carbonized W progresses as it is transported by the belt conveyor 15.

[0034] The carbonized material W1 that has finished carbonization in the carbonization chamber 5 is guided to the second hopper 19 via the carbonized material conveying section 17. The carbonized material W1 guided to the second hopper 19 is then guided into the crushing chamber 21 and crushed by the crushing gear 23. The rotational speeds Vs1 and Vs2 of the crushing gear 23 and the gap GP between the drive gear 23a and the driven gear 23b are controlled by the control unit. The control unit sets, for example, the gap GP and / or the rotational speeds Vs1 and Vs2 of the crushing gear 23 that correspond to the particle size required for the product coal W3.

[0035] The pulverized charcoal W2 pulverized by the pulverizing gear 23 is guided to the sieve 25 and classified. Only the pulverized charcoal W2 that passes through a wire mesh having a predetermined mesh in the sieve 25 is collected in a product receiving container as product charcoal W3.

[0036] The particle size of the pulverized charcoal W2 is measured by a particle size measuring device AT1 provided on the sieve 25. Specifically, the weight of the product coal W3 that has passed through the sieve 25 and the weight of the pulverized charcoal W2 that has not passed through the sieve 25 and remains on the wire mesh of the sieve 25 are measured. The measurement results of the particle size measuring device AT1 are sent to the control unit, and the suitability of the product coal W3 is determined. The suitability of the product coal W3 is determined by whether it satisfies the required specifications, for example, whether a predetermined proportion or more of the product coal W3 has been produced (whether the proportion of the product coal W3 to the weight remaining on the sieve 25 is a predetermined value or more).

[0037] The control unit performs feedback control of the gap GP of the pulverizing gear 23 and the rotational speeds Vs1 and Vs2 of the pulverizing gear 23 based on the judgment result of suitability for the above required specifications. Specifically, if the particle size of the product coal W3 does not satisfy the required specifications, the gap GP is reduced. Alternatively, the rotational speeds Vs1 and Vs2 of the pulverizing gear 23 are increased. Note that both the gap GP and the rotational speeds Vs1 and Vs2 may be feedback controlled simultaneously. Furthermore, if an independent motor is also provided for the driven gear 23b, the particle size of the product coal W3 may be adjusted by increasing the relative speed difference between the rotational speeds Vs1 and Vs2.

[0038] The above-described embodiment has the following advantages. The carbide W1 carbonized in the carbonization chamber 5 is pulverized by the pulverizing gear 23. The particle size of the pulverized carbide W2 after pulverization is measured by the particle size measuring device AT1, and the pulverizing gear 23 is feedback-controlled by the control unit based on the obtained particle size. This makes it possible to set the particle size of the pulverized carbide W2 after pulverization by the pulverizing gear 23 to a desired value, and to efficiently produce product charcoal W3 that meets the required specifications.

[0039] In the above-described embodiment, the entire amount of the pulverized carbide W2 is introduced into the sieve 25 for classification. However, instead of this, a modification as shown in FIG.

[0040] As shown in Fig. 2, a measuring sieve (particle size acquisition unit) 25-1 is provided instead of the sieve 25 in Fig. 1. The measuring sieve 25-1 is smaller than the sieve 25 in Fig. 1. However, the mesh (opening size) of the wire mesh is the same as that of the sieve 25 in Fig. 1.

[0041] Only a portion of the pulverized carbide W2 pulverized by the pulverizing gear 23 is introduced to the measuring sieve 25-1. The pulverized carbide W2 may be introduced to the measuring sieve 25-1 only during measurement. However, the pulverized carbide W2 may be introduced to the measuring sieve 25-1 at all times.

[0042] The measuring sieve 25-1 is provided with a particle size measuring device AT2. Similar to the particle size measuring device AT1 described in Fig. 1, the particle size measuring device AT2 measures the weight of the product coal W3 that has passed through the measuring sieve 25-1 and the weight of the pulverized charcoal W2 that has not passed through the measuring sieve 25-1 and remains on the sieve 25, and transmits the measurement results to the control unit. The control unit determines whether the particle size of the product coal W3 is appropriate based on the measurement results obtained by the measuring sieve 25-1.

[0043] According to this modified example, there is no need to measure the entire amount of pulverized carbide W2 by sieving it through a sieve 25 as shown in Figure 1, and it is only necessary to remove a portion of the pulverized carbide W2 only when necessary for measurement, which has the advantage of not requiring the device to be larger.

[0044] [Second embodiment] Next, a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. The carbonization furnace 1B of this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it uses a water pulverizing unit that pulverizes using water instead of the mechanical pulverizing means using the pulverizing gears 23. Since the other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 3, below the second hopper 19, a water granulation section 30 and a drying section 32 are provided.

[0046] The water granulation unit 30 is connected to the second hopper 19 and has a container therein for receiving the carbide W1. A water supply pipe 34 is connected to the water granulation unit 30, and water is sprayed into the water granulation unit 30 from a nozzle 34a provided on the water supply pipe 34. The carbide W1 is pulverized by the kinetic energy of the water sprayed from the nozzle 34a.

[0047] The drying section 32 is connected below the water granulation section 30 and serves as a container for receiving the pulverized carbide W2. An induced draft fan 36 is connected to the drying section 32 via an exhaust pipe 35. The operation (start / stop and / or rotation speed) of the induced draft fan 36 is controlled by the control section.

[0048] An exhaust duct 38 is connected between the drying section 32 and the carbonization chamber 5, communicating the interior of the drying section 32 with the interior of the carbonization chamber 5. A deposition bed 40 is provided below the drying section 32. The deposition bed 40 is made of a mesh such as a wire netting, and the mesh size is selected so that only the exhaust gas passes through but not the pulverized carbide W2. The pulverized carbide W2 is deposited on the deposition bed 40.

[0049] The pulverized charcoal W2 pulverized by the water granulation section 30 is guided to the drying section 32 below, where it is dried, and then sent to a sieve 25 to finally become product charcoal W3. High-temperature exhaust gases such as dry distillation gases generated in the carbonization chamber 5 are guided to the drying section 32 by an induced draft fan 36 through an exhaust duct 38. The exhaust gas guided from the exhaust duct 38 dries the pulverized charcoal W2 in the drying section 32, and then passes through the sedimentation bed 40 and is exhausted to the outside of the carbonization furnace 1B via an exhaust pipe 35 and the induced draft fan 36.

[0050] According to this embodiment, a drying section 32 is provided that dries the pulverized carbide W2 after water-granulating the carbide W1. Exhaust gas (drying gas) is supplied to the drying section 32 from inside the carbonization chamber 5. By using the high-temperature gas generated in the carbonization chamber 5 as the drying gas in this manner, the heat generated in the carbonization furnace 1B can be effectively utilized.

[0051] In this embodiment, the water granulation section 30 and the drying section 32 are configured as separate vessels, but they may be configured as a common vessel and switched between the water granulation step and the drying step.

[0052] Moreover, instead of the sieve 25, a measuring sieve 25-1 shown in FIG. 2 may be used.

[0053] [Third embodiment] Next, a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. The carbonization furnace 1C of this embodiment also controls the carbonization degree in addition to the functions of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1. In the following, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 4, a pre-carbonization crushing section 45 is provided between the first hopper 6 and the carbonization chamber 5. The pre-carbonization crushing section 45 is provided with a crushing gear (crushing section) 47. The crushing gear 47 crushes the material to be carbonized W before drying to a desired particle size. The crushing gear 47 has a drive gear 47a and a driven gear 47b arranged opposite the drive gear 47a. The material to be carbonized W is sandwiched between the drive gear 47a and the driven gear 47b and crushed. The drive gear 47a is driven by a drive motor M2. The rotation speed of the drive motor M2 is controlled by a control unit not shown. The drive gear 47a rotates at a rotational speed Vs3, and the driven gear 47b rotates at a rotational speed Vs4.

[0055] The center distance between the drive gear 47a and the driven gear 47b can be adjusted by a drive mechanism (not shown), whereby the minimum gap GP1 between the drive gear 47a and the driven gear 47b is controlled by the control unit. It should be noted that other types of crushing units, such as rollers or screws, may be used instead of the crushing gear 47. When a roller is used, the surface pressure applied to the roller is controlled by the control unit.

[0056] The product receiving container 27 is provided with an analysis unit (carbonization degree measurement unit) AT3 that analyzes the solid components of the product coal W3. The analysis unit AT3 analyzes the carbonization degree of the product coal W3. The output of the analysis unit AT3 is sent to the control unit.

[0057] The control unit performs feedback control of the pulverizing gear 47 of the pre-carbonization pulverizing unit 45 based on the carbonization degree measured by the analysis unit AT3. Specifically, if the measured carbonization degree is lower than the desired value, the gap GP1 is reduced so that the particle size of the material to be carbonized W is reduced in order to promote the progress of carbonization. Alternatively, the rotational speeds Vs3 and Vs4 of the pulverizing gear 47 are increased. Note that both the gap GP1 and the rotational speeds Vs3 and Vs4 may be feedback-controlled simultaneously. Furthermore, if an independent motor is also provided for the driven gear 47b, the particle size of the material to be carbonized W may be adjusted by increasing the relative speed difference between the rotational speeds Vs3 and Vs4.

[0058] If the measured carbonization degree is greater than the desired value, the opposite control to the above is performed, that is, the gap GP1 is increased and the rotational speeds Vs3 and Vs4 are decreased.

[0059] According to this embodiment, the following advantageous effects are achieved. The degree of carbonization of the product coal W3 after carbonization in the carbonization chamber 5 is measured by the analysis unit AT3, and the crushing gear 47 of the pre-carbonization crushing unit 45 is controlled based on the measured degree of carbonization. This makes it possible to obtain product coal W3 with the desired degree of carbonization after setting the particle size of the product coal W3 to the desired value (see the first embodiment), and to efficiently produce product coal W3 that meets the required specifications.

[0060] It should be noted that this embodiment is used in combination with the first embodiment in which the particle size of the product coal W3 is controlled, but it may also be combined with the second embodiment in which water granulation is used. Moreover, instead of the sieve 25 shown in FIG. 4, the measuring sieve 25-1 shown in FIG. 2 may be used.

[0061] [Fourth embodiment] Next, a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. The carbonization furnace 1D of this embodiment also controls the production amount in addition to the functions of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1. In the following, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 5, a pre-carbonization crushing section 45 is provided between the first hopper 6 and the carbonization chamber 5. The pre-carbonization crushing section 45 is provided with a crushing gear (crushing section) 47. The crushing gear 47 crushes the material to be carbonized W before drying to a desired particle size. The crushing gear 47 has a drive gear 47a and a driven gear 47b arranged opposite the drive gear 47a. The material to be carbonized W is sandwiched between the drive gear 47a and the driven gear 47b and crushed. The drive gear 47a is driven by a drive motor M2. The rotation speed of the drive motor M2 is controlled by a control unit not shown. The drive gear 47a rotates at a rotational speed Vs3, and the driven gear 47b rotates at a rotational speed Vs4.

[0063] The center distance between the drive gear 47a and the driven gear 47b can be adjusted by a drive mechanism (not shown), whereby the minimum gap GP2 between the drive gear 47a and the driven gear 47b is controlled by the control unit. It should be noted that other types of crushing units, such as rollers or screws, may be used instead of the crushing gear 47. When a roller is used, the surface pressure applied to the roller is controlled by the control unit.

[0064] The sieve 25 is provided with a first weighing scale (production amount acquisition unit) GX1 that measures the weight of the pulverized carbide W2 remaining on the sieve 25. The first weighing scale GX1 measures the weight of the pulverized carbide W2 remaining on the sieve 25.

[0065] A second weighing scale (production amount acquisition unit) GX2 is provided below the sieve 25, more specifically in the product receiving container 27. The second weighing scale GX2 measures the weight of the product coal W3 after it has passed through the sieve 25. The measurement results of the first weighing scale GX1 and the second weighing scale GX2 are sent to the control unit.

[0066] The first weighing scale GX1 and the second weighing scale GX2 can measure the weight of the pulverized charcoal W2 that does not pass through the sieve 25 and remains on the sieve 25, and the weight of the product coal W3 that has passed through the sieve 25. The measurement results are sent to the control unit, which determines whether the production volume of the product coal W3 meets the desired value.

[0067] The appropriateness of the production volume of product coal W3 is determined by whether it meets a predetermined production volume requirement, for example, whether a predetermined proportion or more of product coal W3 can be produced (whether the ratio of the weight that passed through sieve 25 to the weight remaining on sieve 25 is a predetermined value or more), and / or whether a predetermined weight or more of product coal W3 can be produced.

[0068] The control unit performs feedback control of the gap GP2 of the pulverizing gear 47 and the rotational speeds Vs3 and Vs4 of the pulverizing gear 47 based on the judgment result of suitability for the required production volume. Specifically, if the production volume of the product coal W3 does not satisfy the required value, the gap GP is reduced to reduce the particle size of the material W to be carbonized and increase the production volume. Alternatively, the rotational speeds Vs3 and Vs4 of the pulverizing gear 47 are increased. Note that both the gap GP2 and the rotational speeds Vs3 and Vs4 may be feedback controlled simultaneously. Furthermore, if an independent motor is also provided for the driven gear 47b, the production volume of the product coal W3 may be increased by increasing the relative speed difference between the rotational speeds Vs3 and Vs4.

[0069] According to this embodiment, the particle size of the coal product W3 is set to a desired value (see the first embodiment), and then the production volume is obtained from the proportion of the coal product W3 that has passed through the sieve 25 among the pulverized carbonized material W2 that has been pulverized by the pulverizing gear 23 after carbonization, and the pulverizing gear 47 of the pre-carbonization pulverizing section 45 is controlled based on this production volume. This makes it possible to obtain the desired production volume.

[0070] This embodiment is used in combination with the first embodiment in which the particle size of the product coal W3 is controlled, but it may also be combined with the second embodiment in which water granulation is used. Also, it may be further combined with the third embodiment in which the carbonization degree of the product coal W3 is controlled. Moreover, instead of the sieve 25, a measuring sieve 25-1 shown in FIG. 2 may be used.

[0071] The carbonization furnace and the control method thereof described in each of the above-described embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0072] The carbonization furnace (1A) according to the first aspect of the present disclosure includes a carbonization chamber (5) for carbonizing the material to be carbonized (W), a post-carbonization crushing section (23) for crushing the carbonized material (W1) after carbonization in the carbonization chamber, particle size acquisition sections (AT1, AT2) for acquiring the particle size of the crushed carbonized material (W2) after crushing in the post-carbonization crushing section (23), and a control section for controlling the post-carbonization crushing section (23) based on the particle size acquired in the particle size acquisition sections (AT1, AT2).

[0073] The material to be carbonized in the carbonization chamber is carbonized and the resulting carbonized material is pulverized in the post-carbonization pulverization section. The particle size of the pulverized carbide after pulverization is acquired by the particle size acquisition section. The control section controls the post-carbonization pulverization section based on the particle size acquired by the particle size acquisition section. This allows the particle size of the pulverized carbide after pulverization in the post-carbonization pulverization section to be set to the desired value, making it possible to efficiently produce product charcoal that meets the required specifications. For example, if the acquired particle size is larger than the desired value, the post-carbonization crushing unit is controlled so that the particle size of the crushed carbonized material becomes larger, and if the acquired particle size is smaller than the desired value, the post-carbonization crushing unit is controlled so that the particle size of the crushed carbonized material becomes smaller. The post-carbonization crushing unit may be a gear type, mixer type, mortar type, roller type, or other type that uses mechanical action to crush the material. Alternatively, crushing means such as an ultrasonic type or a water crushing type may be used. Alternatively, these may be used in combination.

[0074] In the carbonization furnace (1A) according to the second aspect of the present disclosure, in the first aspect described above, the particle size acquisition section (AT1, AT2) is provided with a sieve (25, 25-1) for classifying the pulverized carbonized material (W2) after being pulverized in the post-carbonization pulverization section.

[0075] The crushed carbonized material that passes through the sieve can be measured to determine whether or not a product coal having the desired particle size has been obtained.

[0076] The carbonization furnace (1B) according to the third aspect of the present disclosure is the first or second aspect, wherein the post-carbonization crushing section (23) includes a water-crushing section (30) that crushes the carbonized material (W) by water, and a drying section (32) that dries the crushed carbonized material (W2) crushed by the water-crushing section (30), and a drying gas is introduced into the drying section (32) from inside the carbonization chamber (5).

[0077] After the carbonized material is water-granulated, a drying section is provided to dry the pulverized carbonized material. Drying gas is supplied to the drying section from inside the carbonization chamber. By using the high-temperature gas generated in the carbonization chamber as the drying gas, the heat generated in the carbonization furnace can be effectively utilized. The water granulation section and the drying section may be configured as separate vessels, or may be configured as a common vessel that can be switched between water granulation and drying.

[0078] The carbonization furnace (1C) according to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, in any one of the first to third aspects, comprises a pre-carbonization crushing section (47) that crushes the material to be carbonized (W) before it is supplied to the carbonization chamber (5), and a carbonization degree measuring section (AT3) that measures the carbonization degree of the carbonized material (W1) after it has been carbonized in the carbonization chamber (5), and the control section controls the pre-carbonization crushing section (47) based on the measurement results of the carbonization degree measuring section (AT).

[0079] The degree of carbonization of the carbonized material after carbonization in the carbonization chamber is measured by the carbonization degree measuring section, and the pre-carbonization crushing section is controlled based on the measured carbonization degree. This makes it possible to obtain product coal with the desired carbonization degree and efficiently produce product coal that meets the required specifications. For example, if the measured degree of carbonization is smaller than the desired value, the pre-carbonization crushing section is controlled so that the particle size of the material to be carbonized becomes smaller, and if the measured degree of carbonization is larger than the desired value, the pre-carbonization crushing section is controlled so that the particle size of the material to be carbonized becomes larger.

[0080] The carbonization furnace (1D) according to the fifth aspect of the present disclosure, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, comprises a pre-carbonization crushing section (47) that crushes the material to be carbonized before it is supplied to the carbonization chamber (5), and a production volume acquisition section (GX1, GX2) that obtains the production volume from the proportion of particle size of the crushed carbonized material (W2) after being crushed in the post-carbonization crushing section (23) that is the desired value, and the control section controls the pre-carbonization crushing section (47) based on the results of the production volume acquisition section (GX1, GX2).

[0081] The production volume is calculated from the ratio of the particle size of the carbonized material after being crushed in the post-carbonization crushing section, and the pre-carbonization crushing section is controlled based on this production volume, thereby achieving the desired production volume. For example, if the production volume is smaller than the desired value, the pre-carbonization crushing section is controlled so that the particle size of the material to be carbonized becomes smaller, and if the measured degree of carbonization is larger than the desired value, the particle size of the material to be carbonized is controlled so that it becomes larger.

[0082] The carbonization furnace (1D) according to the sixth aspect of the present disclosure is the same as that of the fifth aspect, and is provided with a sieve (25, 25-1) for classifying the pulverized carbonized material (W2) after being pulverized in the post-carbonization pulverization section (23), and the production volume acquisition section (GX1, GX2) obtains the production volume using the proportion of the pulverized carbonized material (W2) that has passed through the sieve (25, 25-1).

[0083] The pulverized carbonized material after being pulverized in the post-carbonization pulverization section is classified using a sieve, and the pulverized carbonized material that passes through the sieve becomes the product charcoal. Therefore, the production volume was determined using the proportion of pulverized carbonized material that passed through the sieve.

[0084] The carbonization furnace (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) according to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure is capable of being attached to a vehicle (3) in any of the first to sixth aspects.

[0085] A control method for a reactor according to a first aspect of the present disclosure is a control method for a carbonization furnace equipped with a carbonization chamber (5) for carbonizing a material to be carbonized (W), a post-carbonization crushing section (23) for crushing the carbonized material (W1) after carbonization in the carbonization chamber (5), and a particle size acquisition section (AT1, AT2) for acquiring the particle size of the crushed carbonized material (W2) after crushing in the post-carbonization crushing section (23), and controls the post-carbonization crushing section (23) based on the measurement results of the particle size acquisition section (AT1, AT2). [Explanation of symbols]

[0086] 1A Carbonization furnace 3 vehicles 3a Cargo bed 5. Carbonization chamber 6 First Hopper 15 Conveyor Belt 15a Belt 15b Laura 17 Carbide conveying section 19 Second Hopper 21 Crushing chamber 23 Grinding Gear 23a Drive gear 23b Driven gear 25 Sieve (particle size acquisition part) 25-1 Measuring sieve (particle size acquisition part) 27 Product receiving container 30 Water fracture section 32 Drying section 34 Water supply pipe 34a nozzle 35 exhaust pipe 36 Induced draft fan 38 Exhaust duct 40 Sedimentary Bed 45 Pre-carbonization crushing section 47 Grinding Gear 47a Drive gear 47b Driven gear AT1 Particle size measuring device (particle size measuring section) AT2 particle size measuring device (particle size measuring section) AT3 Analysis section (carbonization degree measurement section) GP Gap GX1 First weighing scale (production volume acquisition unit) GX2 Second weighing scale (production volume acquisition unit) M1 drive motor Mc drive motor Vs1, Vs2 rotation speed W Carbide W1 carbide W2 carbide after crushing W3 Product Charcoal

Claims

1. a carbonization chamber for carbonizing the material to be carbonized; a post-carbonization crushing section that crushes the carbonized material after being carbonized in the carbonization chamber; a particle size acquisition unit that acquires the particle size of the pulverized carbonized material after pulverization in the pulverization unit; a control unit that controls the post-carbonization pulverization unit based on the particle size obtained by the particle size acquisition unit; A carbonization furnace equipped with:

2. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the particle size obtaining section includes a sieve for classifying the pulverized carbonized material pulverized in the post-carbonization pulverization section.

3. The post-carbonization pulverization unit includes a water pulverization unit that pulverizes the carbonized material by water pulverization, and a drying unit that dries the pulverized carbonized material pulverized by the water pulverization unit.

3. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein a dry gas is introduced into the drying section from inside the carbonization chamber.

4. a pre-carbonization crushing section that crushes the material to be carbonized before it is supplied to the carbonization chamber; a carbonization degree measuring unit that measures the carbonization degree of the carbonized material after carbonization in the carbonization chamber; Equipped with The carbonization furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit controls the pre-carbonization crushing unit based on the measurement result of the carbonization degree measuring unit.

5. a pre-carbonization crushing section that crushes the material to be carbonized before it is supplied to the carbonization chamber; a production amount obtaining unit that obtains a production amount from a ratio of particle sizes of the pulverized carbonized material obtained by pulverizing the pulverized carbonized material in the pulverizing unit; Equipped with The carbonization furnace according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the control unit controls the pre-carbonization crushing unit based on the result of the production amount acquisition unit.

6. a sieve for classifying the pulverized carbonized material pulverized in the pulverization unit; The carbonization furnace according to claim 5 , wherein the production amount acquisition unit acquires the production amount using a ratio of the pulverized carbonized material that has passed through the sieve.

7. 2. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, which is mountable on a vehicle.

8. A method for controlling a carbonization furnace including a carbonization chamber for carbonizing a material to be carbonized, a post-carbonization crushing unit for crushing the carbonized material after carbonization in the carbonization chamber, and a particle size acquisition unit for acquiring the particle size of the crushed carbonized material after crushing in the post-carbonization crushing unit, A carbonization furnace control method for controlling the post-carbonization crushing section based on the measurement results of the particle size acquisition section.

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