Shelter room cooling and dehumidifying device

Abstract

To provide a cooling and dehumidifying device capable of stably cooling and dehumidifying a shelter room over a prolonged period by actualizing energy saving.SOLUTION: A cooling and dehumidifying device 1 includes a cooling chamber 10 storing cooling water CW, a discharge part 20 for discharging indoor air A from a shelter room 12 to the cooling chamber 10, a cooling part 30 provided in the cooling chamber 10, and a reflow part 50 for making the indoor air A discharged into the cooling chamber 10 reflow to the shelter room 12. Between the discharge part 20 and the cooling part 30, a straightening vane 40 is arranged. The cooling water CW is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling device 110, to maintain a predetermined temperature. The cooling part 30 is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water CW, and the indoor air A is cooled and dehumidified by the heat exchange @with the cooling part 30.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cooling and dehumidifying device for cooling and dehumidifying the indoor air of a shelter room. [Background technology]

[0002] Shelters are extremely safe facilities for evacuation in the event of natural disasters such as tsunamis and fires, or war disasters. In particular, shelters that can also be used as nuclear shelters must not only be fire-resistant, but also have high radiation shielding capabilities. Therefore, they are required to be robust and airtight structures.

[0003] One of the inventors has previously proposed various shelters with excellent fire resistance.

[0004] Patent Document 1 describes a fireproof shelter in which the temperature rise of the ceiling is suppressed by the latent heat effect when water stored in a ceiling water tank evaporates, and the temperature rise of the insulated side walls is suppressed by the latent heat effect when water stored in an insulated space evaporates.

[0005] The shelter proposed in Patent Document 2 has a main body, a water storage tank, a water tank, etc., and by supplying water from the water storage tank, the door is submerged and the latent heat effect of the water suppresses the temperature rise of the door body and ceiling.

[0006] These shelters are robust and can suppress the temperature rise inside the shelter to a certain extent in the event of a fire. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6964919 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6583943 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Because shelters are not intended for residential use, they are generally designed to provide only the minimum amount of space per evacuee, taking into account factors such as economy and efficiency. Under these circumstances, if the shelter is made more airtight, it cannot be denied that the heat and breath of the evacuees could cause the temperature inside the shelter to rise to a level unsuitable for evacuation. At the same time, humidity is expected to rise.

[0009] One possible solution is to install air conditioners in shelters, but if a power outage occurs and commercial power is cut off, it will be difficult to keep the air conditioners running stably for an extended period of time. Also, if the outdoor unit is damaged, the cooling function cannot be maintained.

[0010] The present invention was made with a focus on these problems, and aims to provide a cooling and dehumidifying device that can cool and dehumidify the interior of a shelter stably for a long period of time by saving energy. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The invention to solve the above problem comprises a cooling chamber that stores cooling water cooled by a cooling device, an exhaust section that exhausts indoor air from a shelter room into the cooling chamber, a cooling section provided in the cooling chamber, and a return section that returns the indoor air exhausted into the cooling chamber to the shelter room, wherein the cooling section is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water, and the indoor air is cooled and dehumidified by heat exchange with the cooling section as it passes through the cooling section.

[0012] With this configuration, the indoor air in the shelter room is cooled and dehumidified by heat exchange with the cooling unit as it passes through the cooling room, and is then returned to the shelter room to directly cool and dehumidify the room, which allows for more energy savings than air conditioning devices commonly used in homes, etc. Also, because it does not require a large-scale power source, it can be efficiently cooled by battery power even in the event of a power outage during a disaster and commercial power is unavailable.

[0013] Preferably, the air conditioner is characterized by including a straightening plate disposed between the discharge section and the cooling section, the straightening plate straightening the flow of the room air discharged into the cooling chamber.

[0014] According to this configuration, the indoor air discharged into the cooling chamber is rectified by a rectifying plate arranged between the discharge section and the cooling section, thereby enabling efficient heat exchange between the rectified indoor air and the cooling section.

[0015] Preferably, flow straightening ports for the circulation of indoor air are defined between both ends of the flow straightening plate and the side walls of the cooling chamber.

[0016] According to this configuration, straightening ports for the flow of indoor air are defined between both ends of the straightening plate and the side wall of the cooling chamber, so that the indoor air is divided into two paths flowing in opposite directions by the straightening plate.

[0017] Preferably, the cooling section has a first cooling plate and a second cooling plate arranged alternately, and is characterized in that a first ventilation port for circulating indoor air is defined in the center of the first cooling plate, and second ventilation ports for circulating indoor air are defined between both ends of the second cooling plate and the side wall.

[0018] With this configuration, the indoor air taken into the cooling chamber passes through the first vent hole defined in the center of the first cooling plate, and then passes through the second vent hole defined between both ends of the second cooling plate and the side wall. This process lengthens the indoor air circulation path. This allows for efficient heat exchange between the indoor air and the cooling unit, improving cooling and dehumidification performance.

[0019] Preferably, the flow straightening opening is provided adjacent to the first ventilation opening.

[0020] According to this configuration, the straightening opening is provided adjacent to the first ventilation opening, so that the indoor air taken into the cooling chamber passes from the straightening opening through the first circulation opening to the second circulation opening, thereby enabling the indoor air to circulate over a longer distance.

[0021] Preferably, the straightening plate, the first cooling plate, and the second cooling plate have upper ends that contact the ceiling of the shelter room and lower ends that are submerged in the cooling water.

[0022] With this configuration, the straightening plate, the first cooling plate, and the second cooling plate have their upper ends in contact with the ceiling of the cooling chamber and their lower ends submerged in the cooling water, so that almost all of the indoor air discharged from the discharge part into the cooling chamber passes through the cooling part, thereby eliminating indoor air being returned to the shelter without being cooled by the cooling part.

[0023] Preferably, the return section has a return fan for returning indoor air to the shelter room, and by operating the return fan, the indoor air is returned to the shelter room via the exhaust section, the straightening plate, and the cooling section.

[0024] According to this configuration, the indoor air is circulated by being drawn into the circulating section due to a drop in pressure within the cooling section, thereby enabling efficient circulating. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a cooling / dehumidifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X2-X2 in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y3-Y3 in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a cooling device. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control device. [Figure 6] 4 is a flowchart showing the control of the control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a cooling / dehumidifying device 1 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling / dehumidifying device 1 has a cooling chamber 10 that stores cooling water CW, a discharge section 20 that discharges indoor air A from a shelter chamber 12 into the cooling chamber 10, a cooling section 30 provided in the cooling chamber 10, and a return section 50 that returns the indoor air A discharged into the cooling chamber 10 to the shelter chamber 12. A straightening plate 40 is disposed between the discharge section 20 and the cooling section 30. The cooling water CW is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling device 110, and can maintain a predetermined temperature. The cooling section 30 is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water CW, and the indoor air A is cooled and dehumidified by heat exchange with the cooling section 30.

[0028] The shelter 100 has a three-layer structure in which a cooling room 10, a shelter room 12, and an installation room 11 are stacked in layers. The cooling room 10 and the shelter room 12 are separated by a first floor 101, and the shelter room 12 and the installation room 11 are separated by a second floor 102. In other words, the first floor 101 is the ceiling of the cooling room 10 and also the floor of the shelter room 12.

[0029] The cooling device 110 has a cooler 111 installed in the installation room 11 and a cooling coil 112 arranged in the cooling room 10. The cooler 111 is placed on the second floor 102, and the cooling coil 112 is placed in the cooling room 10 while being submerged in the cooling water CW stored in the cooling room 10.

[0030] The straightening plate 40 and the cooling section 30 have their upper ends in contact with the ceiling of the cooling chamber 10, that is, the first floor 101. Furthermore, their lower ends are submerged in the cooling water CW.

[0031] The exhaust section 20 is provided penetrating the first floor 101, and has an indoor air intake 21 on the shelter room 12 side for taking in indoor air A. Also, an indoor air exhaust 22 is provided for discharging the indoor air A to the cooling room 10 side. The indoor air exhaust 22 is composed of rectangular slits 22a extending in the vertical direction in the figure (the direction from inside the shelter room 12 toward the cooling room 10, or the direction from the cooling room 10 toward the shelter room 12). In this embodiment, three slits 22a are illustrated as the number of slits 22a, but this is not limited to this. There may be three or more than three slits, as long as the taken-in indoor air A can be discharged.

[0032] The return section 50 is provided through the first floor 101, and has a cooling air intake 52 at the end on the cooling room 10 side, and a return section 50 at the inner end of the shelter room 12. The cooling air intake 52 is for taking in air present inside the cooling room 10 (room air A, the same applies below). The return section 50 is for returning the air taken in from the cooling air intake 52 to the shelter room 12, and an adjustment valve 54 is attached to the discharge port 53 at the tip of the return section 50. The adjustment valve 54 is for adjusting the amount of air returned to the shelter room 12. In addition, a return fan 51 is provided in the middle of the return section 50 to send the air present in the cooling room 10 to the shelter room 12.

[0033] The shelter 100 in this embodiment has a three-layer structure in which the cooling chamber 10, the shelter chamber 12, and the installation chamber 11 are stacked in layers, but this is not limited to this. For example, the cooling chamber 10, the shelter chamber 12, and the installation chamber 11 may be installed side by side as independent housings, or any two of the cooling chamber 10, the shelter chamber 12, and the installation chamber 11 may be stacked in layers to form a two-layer structure with another room installed next to it. Furthermore, this embodiment has been illustrated as a structure in which the shelter chamber 12 and the cooling chamber 10 are installed underground, but this is not limited to this. For example, the cooling chamber 10, the shelter chamber 12, and the installation chamber 11 may each be installed underground 150 or above ground 151.

[0034] 2, a straightening plate 40 and a cooling section 30 are installed in the cooling chamber 10. The straightening plate 40 is a plate-like member for regulating the flow of the indoor air A discharged from the slits 22a defined in the discharge section 20. A straightening opening 40a is defined by both ends of the straightening plate 40 and the inner side of the side wall 60.

[0035] The cooling section 30 has a first cooling plate 31 and a second cooling plate 32. The first cooling plate 31 is composed of a pair of cooling members 33, 33. The cooling members 33 are plate-shaped members, with one end of each in contact with the inner surface of the side wall 60 and the other ends facing each other with a predetermined gap between them. A first ventilation opening 31a is defined between the other ends of the cooling members 33 that face each other.

[0036] The second cooling plate 32 is formed from a single plate-like member, and second vent holes 32 a are defined between each end of the second cooling plate 32 and the inner surface of the side wall 60 .

[0037] The first cooling plate 31 and the second cooling plate 32 are formed with uneven portions (not shown) that extend in an undulating manner toward the side wall 60. This increases the contact area between the cooling plates 31 and 32 and the air, thereby improving the efficiency of heat exchange. Note that instead of the uneven portions, wave-like undulations may be formed.

[0038] In this embodiment, two first cooling plates 31 and two second cooling plates 32 are arranged alternately on the left and right sides of the figure, but this is not limiting. One first cooling plate 31 and one second cooling plate 32 may be arranged, or more may be arranged.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 3, a cooling coil 112 is disposed between the bottom plate 103 located at the bottom of the side wall 60 and the cooling section 30. The cooling coil 112 is a meandering pipe for cooling the cooling water CW.

[0040] As shown in Fig. 4, the cooling device 110 has a cooler 111 and a cooling coil 112. The cooling coil 112 is immersed in cooling water CW stored in the cooling chamber 10. The cooler 111 is disposed in the installation chamber 11. The cooler 111 and the cooling coil 112 are connected via a connecting pipe 130. The cooler 111 houses a condenser 123, a compressor 122, an expansion valve 124, and a cooling fan 125.

[0041] The mechanism by which indoor air A is cooled and dehumidified will be explained with reference to FIGS.

[0042] When the return fan 51 is operated, the pressure in the cooling chamber 10 decreases, and indoor air A present in the shelter chamber 12 is taken in through the indoor air intake 21, released into the cooling chamber 10 through the slit 22a, and returned to the shelter chamber 12 through the adjustment valve 54 at the discharge port 53 via the straightening port 40a, the first air vent 31a, and the second air vent 32a.

[0043] Indoor air A taken in through indoor air intake 21 is diffused in all directions through slits 22a and discharged, but in the process of passing through rectifying opening 40a, it is split into two airflow paths and blown toward each of the side walls 60 before passing through rectifying opening 40a. By appropriately selecting the shape of rectifying opening 40a, it is possible to blow air at a uniform air speed and also to increase the airflow speed.

[0044] Thereafter, the indoor air A passes through the first ventilation port 31a and the second ventilation port 32a. During this process, the indoor air A is cooled and dehumidified by heat exchange with the first cooling plate 31 and the second cooling plate 32, and is then returned to the shelter room 12 via the return section 50. During this heat exchange process, the temperatures of the first cooling plate 31 and the second cooling plate 32 rise, but the temperature rise is suppressed by being cooled by the cooling water CW.

[0045] On the other hand, although the temperature of the cooling water CW rises, the temperature rise of the cooling water CW can be suppressed by operating the cooling device 110. Hereinafter, suppression of the temperature of the cooling water CW will be described in detail.

[0046] When the compressor 122 and the cooling fan 125 are operated, the low-temperature refrigerant RGL compressed by the compressor 122 increases in temperature and becomes a high-temperature refrigerant RGH, which is then sent to the condenser 123. The high-temperature refrigerant RGH sent to the condenser 123 is cooled by outside air OA blown from the cooling fan 125, and is rapidly cooled as it passes through the expansion valve 124, becoming the low-temperature refrigerant RGL, which is then sent to the cooling coil 112. The low-temperature refrigerant RGL exchanges heat as it passes through the cooling coil 112, and the cooling water CW is cooled. By repeating this cycle, the cooling water CW is gradually cooled.

[0047] On the other hand, the outside air OA blown from the cooling fan 125 is heated by heat exchange with the condenser 123, and this heated outside air OA is directly discharged into the air.

[0048] The operation of the cooling device 110 is controlled by a control device 140. As shown in Fig. 1, the control device 140 has a temperature sensor 141 and a controller 142. The temperature sensor 141 measures the temperature of the upper layer of the cooling water CW stored in the cooling chamber 10. The controller 142 determines whether to operate or stop the cooling device 110 based on the measurement value measured by the temperature sensor 141, and issues a command to the cooling device 110.

[0049] 5 shows the configuration of the control device 140. The controller 142 is configured by a microcomputer including a CPU, RAM, ROM, and an I / O interface (all not shown). A temperature sensor 141 that measures the temperature of the upper layer of the cooling water CW is connected to the controller 142, and the measurement signals are input sequentially. The cooling device 110 is connected to the output side of the controller 142.

[0050] 6 is a flowchart illustrating the control in this embodiment. This process is continuously and repeatedly executed by the controller 142.

[0051] In this process, in step 1 (illustrated as "S1"; the same applies below), the temperature sensor 141 measures the temperature of the upper layer of the cooling water CW stored in the cooling chamber 10. It is determined whether the measured temperature T exceeds the threshold temperature TR. The threshold temperature TR is set to a temperature slightly higher than the temperature at which the cooling water CW freezes, but is not limited to this. It may also be set to a temperature slightly lower than the temperature at which the cooling water CW freezes.

[0052] In step 1, if the determination result is YES, that is, if it is determined that the measured temperature T exceeds the threshold temperature TR, the process proceeds to step 2. If the determination result is NO, the measurement continues.

[0053] In step 2, the cooling device 110 is operated to cool the cooling water CW stored in the cooling chamber 10. When the cooling of the cooling water CW is accelerated, the cooling water CW with a high density temperature (specifically, the cooling water CW at 4°C) accumulates at the lower end of the cooling chamber 10. Meanwhile, the cooling water CW with a temperature above 4°C accumulates above the cooling water CW with a temperature of 4°C. When the cooling is further accelerated, the cooling water CW with a temperature of 4°C or less accumulates above the cooling water CW with a temperature of 4°C, and ice appears above the cooling water CW with a temperature of 4°C.

[0054] In step 3, the temperature sensor 141 measures the temperature of the upper layer of the cooling water CW stored in the cooling chamber 10. It is determined whether the measured temperature T is lower than the threshold temperature TR.

[0055] If the determination result is YES, that is, if it is determined that the measured temperature T is lower than the threshold temperature TR, the process proceeds to step 4. If the determination result is NO, the measurement continues.

[0056] In step 4, the cooling device 110 is stopped. In the state of step 3, the cooling of the cooling water CW is accelerated, and the temperature of the lower layer of the cooling water CW stored in the cooling chamber 10 becomes 4°C. Meanwhile, the cooling water CW in the upper layer stored in the cooling chamber 10 becomes ice and floats on the cooling water CW in a liquid state. In addition, the temperature of the cooling water CW in the middle portion becomes 0 to 4°C.

[0057] By repeating the above-described cycle, cooling water CW with a temperature of 4°C can be stably supplied to the cooling chamber 10. Even if a situation occurs in which commercial power is unavailable due to a power outage or the like, at least the cooling device 110 can operate on battery power. Furthermore, the latent heat of melting of ice floating in the upper part of the cooling chamber 10 allows the temperature of the cooling water CW stored in the cooling chamber 10 to be maintained at about 4°C for a long period of time.

[0058] This embodiment is merely an example, and it goes without saying that modifications can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. For example, in this embodiment, the shelter room 12 is illustrated as being rectangular in plan view, but the outer shape in plan view may be circular, elliptical, or a polygon other than a rectangle. Also, while the shelter room 12 is illustrated as having a single floor, the shelter room may have a multi-layer structure. Furthermore, in step S1 of the flowchart in FIG. 6, when it is determined that the measured temperature T is equal to or exceeds the threshold temperature TR (T≧TR), the process may proceed to step 2. [Industrial Applicability]

[0059] The cooling and dehumidifying device of the present invention can be designed to store a large amount of cooling water in the cooling chamber, so it can also be used as a source of water needed in the event of a disaster, and has great potential for industrial use. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 1: Cooling and dehumidification equipment 10: Cooling room 12: Shelter Room 20: Discharge section 30: Cooling section 31: 1st cooling plate 31a: First ventilation opening 32:Second cooling plate 32a: Second ventilation port 40: Rectifier plate 40a: Rectification port 50: Reflux section 51: Circulation fan 60: Side wall 100: Shelter 101: 1st floor (ceiling of cooling room) 110: Cooling device A: Indoor air CW: Cooling water

Claims

1. a cooling chamber that stores cooling water cooled by the cooling device; an exhaust section that exhausts indoor air from the shelter room into the cooling room; a cooling unit provided in the cooling chamber; a return section that returns the indoor air discharged into the cooling chamber to the shelter chamber, A cooling and dehumidifying device characterized in that the cooling section is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water, and the indoor air is cooled and dehumidified by heat exchange with the cooling section as it passes through the cooling section.

2. a current plate disposed between the discharge section and the cooling section, 2. The cooling and dehumidifying device according to claim 1, wherein the air straightening plate straightens the flow of the indoor air discharged into the cooling chamber.

3. 3. The cooling and dehumidifying device according to claim 2, wherein straightening openings for the circulation of the indoor air are defined between both ends of the straightening plate and the side walls of the cooling chamber.

4. The cooling unit includes first cooling plates and second cooling plates that are alternately arranged, 4. The cooling / dehumidifying device according to claim 3, wherein a first vent hole for circulating the indoor air is defined in the center of the first cooling plate, and a second vent hole for circulating the indoor air is defined between both ends of the second cooling plate and the side wall.

5. The cooling and dehumidifying device according to claim 4, wherein the flow straightening opening is provided adjacent to the first ventilation opening.

6. The cooling / dehumidifying device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the straightening plate, the first cooling plate, and the second cooling plate have upper ends that contact the ceiling of the cooling chamber and lower ends that are submerged in the cooling water.

7. The return unit has a return fan for returning the indoor air to the shelter room, The cooling / dehumidifying device according to claim 2, characterized in that by operating the return fan, the indoor air is returned to the shelter room via the exhaust section, the straightening plate, and the cooling section.

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